Add support to checkpoint/restore containers

runc uses CRIU to support checkpoint and restore of containers. This
brings an initial checkpoint/restore implementation to podman.

None of the additional runc flags are yet supported and container
migration optimization (pre-copy/post-copy) is also left for the future.

The current status is that it is possible to checkpoint and restore a
container. I am testing on RHEL-7.x and as the combination of RHEL-7 and
CRIU has seccomp troubles I have to create the container without
seccomp.

With the following steps I am able to checkpoint and restore a
container:

 # podman run --security-opt="seccomp=unconfined" -d registry.fedoraproject.org/f27/httpd
 # curl -I 10.22.0.78:8080
 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden # <-- this is actually a good answer
 # podman container checkpoint <container>
 # curl -I 10.22.0.78:8080
 curl: (7) Failed connect to 10.22.0.78:8080; No route to host
 # podman container restore <container>
 # curl -I 10.22.0.78:8080
 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden

I am using CRIU, runc and conmon from git. All required changes for
checkpoint/restore support in podman have been merged in the
corresponding projects.

To have the same IP address in the restored container as before
checkpointing, CNI is told which IP address to use.

If the saved network configuration cannot be found during restore, the
container is restored with a new IP address.

For CRIU to restore established TCP connections the IP address of the
network namespace used for restore needs to be the same. For TCP
connections in the listening state the IP address can change.

During restore only one network interface with one IP address is handled
correctly. Support to restore containers with more advanced network
configuration will be implemented later.

v2:
 * comment typo
 * print debug messages during cleanup of restore files
 * use createContainer() instead of createOCIContainer()
 * introduce helper CheckpointPath()
 * do not try to restore a container that is paused
 * use existing helper functions for cleanup
 * restructure code flow for better readability
 * do not try to restore if checkpoint/inventory.img is missing
 * git add checkpoint.go restore.go

v3:
 * move checkpoint/restore under 'podman container'

v4:
 * incorporated changes from latest reviews

Signed-off-by: Adrian Reber <areber@redhat.com>

3 files changed, 148 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/cmd/podman/checkpoint.go b/cmd/podman/checkpoint.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cbbbcd740
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/podman/checkpoint.go
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/containers/libpod/cmd/podman/libpodruntime"
+	"github.com/containers/libpod/pkg/rootless"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var (
+	checkpointDescription = `
+   podman container checkpoint
+
+   Checkpoints one or more running containers. The container name or ID can be used.
+`
+	checkpointFlags = []cli.Flag{
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "keep, k",
+			Usage: "keep all temporary checkpoint files",
+		},
+	}
+	checkpointCommand = cli.Command{
+		Name:        "checkpoint",
+		Usage:       "Checkpoints one or more containers",
+		Description: checkpointDescription,
+		Flags:       checkpointFlags,
+		Action:      checkpointCmd,
+		ArgsUsage:   "CONTAINER-NAME [CONTAINER-NAME ...]",
+	}
+)
+
+func checkpointCmd(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if rootless.IsRootless() {
+		return errors.New("checkpointing a container requires root")
+	}
+
+	runtime, err := libpodruntime.GetRuntime(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "could not get runtime")
+	}
+	defer runtime.Shutdown(false)
+
+	keep := c.Bool("keep")
+	args := c.Args()
+	if len(args) < 1 {
+		return errors.Errorf("you must provide at least one container name or id")
+	}
+
+	var lastError error
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		ctr, err := runtime.LookupContainer(arg)
+		if err != nil {
+			if lastError != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, lastError)
+			}
+			lastError = errors.Wrapf(err, "error looking up container %q", arg)
+			continue
+		}
+		if err = ctr.Checkpoint(context.TODO(), keep); err != nil {
+			if lastError != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, lastError)
+			}
+			lastError = errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to checkpoint container %v", ctr.ID())
+		} else {
+			fmt.Println(ctr.ID())
+		}
+	}
+	return lastError
+}
diff --git a/cmd/podman/container.go b/cmd/podman/container.go
index 82c1c824d..ff634278f 100644
--- a/cmd/podman/container.go
+++ b/cmd/podman/container.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 var (
 	subCommands = []cli.Command{
 		attachCommand,
+		checkpointCommand,
 		cleanupCommand,
 		commitCommand,
 		createCommand,
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ var (
 		//		pruneCommand,
 		refreshCommand,
 		restartCommand,
+		restoreCommand,
 		rmCommand,
 		runCommand,
 		runlabelCommand,
diff --git a/cmd/podman/restore.go b/cmd/podman/restore.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43ef87ca2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/podman/restore.go
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/containers/libpod/cmd/podman/libpodruntime"
+	"github.com/containers/libpod/pkg/rootless"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli"
+)
+
+var (
+	restoreDescription = `
+   podman container restore
+
+   Restores a container from a checkpoint. The container name or ID can be used.
+`
+	restoreFlags = []cli.Flag{
+		cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "keep, k",
+			Usage: "keep all temporary checkpoint files",
+		},
+	}
+	restoreCommand = cli.Command{
+		Name:        "restore",
+		Usage:       "Restores one or more containers from a checkpoint",
+		Description: restoreDescription,
+		Flags:       restoreFlags,
+		Action:      restoreCmd,
+		ArgsUsage:   "CONTAINER-NAME [CONTAINER-NAME ...]",
+	}
+)
+
+func restoreCmd(c *cli.Context) error {
+	if rootless.IsRootless() {
+		return errors.New("restoring a container requires root")
+	}
+
+	runtime, err := libpodruntime.GetRuntime(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "could not get runtime")
+	}
+	defer runtime.Shutdown(false)
+
+	keep := c.Bool("keep")
+	args := c.Args()
+	if len(args) < 1 {
+		return errors.Errorf("you must provide at least one container name or id")
+	}
+
+	var lastError error
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		ctr, err := runtime.LookupContainer(arg)
+		if err != nil {
+			if lastError != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, lastError)
+			}
+			lastError = errors.Wrapf(err, "error looking up container %q", arg)
+			continue
+		}
+		if err = ctr.Restore(context.TODO(), keep); err != nil {
+			if lastError != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, lastError)
+			}
+			lastError = errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to restore container %v", ctr.ID())
+		} else {
+			fmt.Println(ctr.ID())
+		}
+	}
+	return lastError
+}