libpod: deduplicate ports in db

The OCICNI port format has one big problem: It does not support ranges.
So if a users forwards a range of 1k ports with podman run -p 1001-2000
we have to store each of the thousand ports individually as array element.
This bloats the db and makes the JSON encoding and decoding much slower.
In many places we already use a better port struct type which supports
ranges, e.g. `pkg/specgen` or the new network interface.

Because of this we have to do many runtime conversions between the two
port formats. If everything uses the new format we can skip the runtime
conversions.

This commit adds logic to replace all occurrences of the old format
with the new one. The database will automatically migrate the ports
to new format when the container config is read for the first time
after the update.

The `ParsePortMapping` function is `pkg/specgen/generate` has been
reworked to better work with the new format. The new logic is able
to deduplicate the given ports. This is necessary the ensure we
store them efficiently in the DB. The new code should also be more
performant than the old one.

To prove that the code is fast enough I added go benchmarks. Parsing
1 million ports took less than 0.5 seconds on my laptop.

Benchmark normalize PortMappings in specgen:
Please note that the 1 million ports are actually 20x 50k ranges
because we cannot have bigger ranges than 65535 ports.
```
$ go test -bench=. -benchmem  ./pkg/specgen/generate/
goos: linux
goarch: amd64
pkg: github.com/containers/podman/v3/pkg/specgen/generate
cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10850H CPU @ 2.70GHz
BenchmarkParsePortMappingNoPorts-12             480821532                2.230 ns/op           0 B/op          0 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMapping1-12                      38972             30183 ns/op          131584 B/op          9 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMapping100-12                    18752             60688 ns/op          141088 B/op        315 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMapping1k-12                      3104            331719 ns/op          223840 B/op       3018 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMapping10k-12                      376           3122930 ns/op         1223650 B/op      30027 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMapping1m-12                         3         390869926 ns/op        124593840 B/op   4000624 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingReverse100-12             18940             63414 ns/op          141088 B/op        315 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingReverse1k-12               3015            362500 ns/op          223841 B/op       3018 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingReverse10k-12               343           3318135 ns/op         1223650 B/op      30027 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingReverse1m-12                  3         403392469 ns/op        124593840 B/op   4000624 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingRange1-12                 37635             28756 ns/op          131584 B/op          9 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingRange100-12               39604             28935 ns/op          131584 B/op          9 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingRange1k-12                38384             29921 ns/op          131584 B/op          9 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingRange10k-12               29479             40381 ns/op          131584 B/op          9 allocs/op
BenchmarkParsePortMappingRange1m-12                  927           1279369 ns/op          143022 B/op        164 allocs/op
PASS
ok      github.com/containers/podman/v3/pkg/specgen/generate    25.492s
```

Benchmark convert old port format to new one:
```
go test -bench=. -benchmem  ./libpod/
goos: linux
goarch: amd64
pkg: github.com/containers/podman/v3/libpod
cpu: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10850H CPU @ 2.70GHz
Benchmark_ocicniPortsToNetTypesPortsNoPorts-12          663526126                1.663 ns/op           0 B/op          0 allocs/op
Benchmark_ocicniPortsToNetTypesPorts1-12                 7858082               141.9 ns/op            72 B/op          2 allocs/op
Benchmark_ocicniPortsToNetTypesPorts10-12                2065347               571.0 ns/op           536 B/op          4 allocs/op
Benchmark_ocicniPortsToNetTypesPorts100-12                138478              8641 ns/op            4216 B/op          4 allocs/op
Benchmark_ocicniPortsToNetTypesPorts1k-12                   9414            120964 ns/op           41080 B/op          4 allocs/op
Benchmark_ocicniPortsToNetTypesPorts10k-12                   781           1490526 ns/op          401528 B/op          4 allocs/op
Benchmark_ocicniPortsToNetTypesPorts1m-12                      4         250579010 ns/op        40001656 B/op          4 allocs/op
PASS
ok      github.com/containers/podman/v3/libpod  11.727s
```

Signed-off-by: Paul Holzinger <pholzing@redhat.com>

1 files changed, 989 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/pkg/specgen/generate/ports_test.go b/pkg/specgen/generate/ports_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20d5d0166
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/specgen/generate/ports_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,989 @@
+package generate
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/containers/podman/v3/libpod/network/types"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestParsePortMappingWithHostPort(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		arg  []types.PortMapping
+		arg2 map[uint16][]string
+		want []types.PortMapping
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "no ports",
+			arg:  nil,
+			want: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one tcp port",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one tcp port no proto",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one udp port",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "udp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "udp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one sctp port",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "sctp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "sctp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one port two protocols",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp,udp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "udp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one port three protocols",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp,udp,sctp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "udp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "sctp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one port with range 1",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one port with range 5",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         5,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         5,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "two ports joined",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8081,
+					ContainerPort: 81,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "two ports joined with range",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8081,
+					ContainerPort: 81,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "two ports with no overlapping range",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      9090,
+					ContainerPort: 9090,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      9090,
+					ContainerPort: 9090,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "four ports with two overlapping ranges",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8085,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      100,
+					ContainerPort: 5,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      101,
+					ContainerPort: 6,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         15,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      100,
+					ContainerPort: 5,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "two overlapping ranges",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8085,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "four overlapping ranges",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8085,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8090,
+					ContainerPort: 90,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         7,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8095,
+					ContainerPort: 95,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         17,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one port range overlaps 5 ports",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Range:         20,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8085,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8090,
+					ContainerPort: 90,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8095,
+					ContainerPort: 95,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8096,
+					ContainerPort: 96,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         20,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "different host ip same port",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					HostIP:        "192.168.1.1",
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					HostIP:        "192.168.2.1",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					HostIP:        "192.168.1.1",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					HostIP:        "192.168.2.1",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		tt := tt
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := ParsePortMapping(tt.arg, tt.arg2)
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "error is not nil")
+			// use ElementsMatch instead of Equal because the order is not consistent
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, tt.want, got, "got unexpected port mapping")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParsePortMappingWithoutHostPort(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		arg  []types.PortMapping
+		arg2 map[uint16][]string
+		want []types.PortMapping
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "one tcp port",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "one port with two protocols",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp,udp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "udp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "same port twice",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "neighbor ports are not joined",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 81,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 81,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "overlapping range ports are joined",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 81,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         2,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "four overlapping range ports are joined",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         3,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 81,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 82,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 90,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         5,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         15,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "expose one tcp port",
+			arg2: map[uint16][]string{
+				8080: {"tcp"},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "expose already defined port",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			arg2: map[uint16][]string{
+				8080: {"tcp"},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "expose different proto",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			arg2: map[uint16][]string{
+				8080: {"udp"},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "udp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		tt := tt
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := ParsePortMapping(tt.arg, tt.arg2)
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "error is not nil")
+
+			// because we always get random host ports when it is set to 0 we cannot check that exactly
+			// check if it is not 0 and set to to 0 afterwards
+			for i := range got {
+				assert.Greater(t, got[i].HostPort, uint16(0), "host port is zero")
+				got[i].HostPort = 0
+			}
+
+			// use ElementsMatch instead of Equal because the order is not consistent
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, tt.want, got, "got unexpected port mapping")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParsePortMappingMixedHostPort(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		arg            []types.PortMapping
+		want           []types.PortMapping
+		resetHostPorts []int
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "two ports one without a hostport set",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+			resetHostPorts: []int{1},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "two ports one without a hostport set, inverted order",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+			resetHostPorts: []int{1},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "three ports without host ports, one with a hostport set, , inverted order",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 90,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 90,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+			resetHostPorts: []int{1, 2, 3},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "three ports without host ports, one with a hostport set",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 90,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+				},
+			},
+			want: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 8080,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 85,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 90,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+			},
+			resetHostPorts: []int{1, 2, 3},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		tt := tt
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got, err := ParsePortMapping(tt.arg, nil)
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "error is not nil")
+
+			// because we always get random host ports when it is set to 0 we cannot check that exactly
+			// use resetHostPorts to know which port element is 0
+			for _, num := range tt.resetHostPorts {
+				assert.Greater(t, got[num].HostPort, uint16(0), "host port is zero")
+				got[num].HostPort = 0
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, got, "got unexpected port mapping")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParsePortMappingError(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		arg  []types.PortMapping
+		err  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "container port is 0",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 0,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+				},
+			},
+			err: "container port number must be non-0",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "container port range exceeds max",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 65000,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10000,
+				},
+			},
+			err: "container port range exceeds maximum allowable port number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "host port range exceeds max",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      60000,
+					ContainerPort: 1,
+					Protocol:      "tcp",
+					Range:         10000,
+				},
+			},
+			err: "host port range exceeds maximum allowable port number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid protocol",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "1",
+				},
+			},
+			err: "unrecognized protocol \"1\" in port mapping",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid protocol 2",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Protocol:      "udp,u",
+				},
+			},
+			err: "unrecognized protocol \"u\" in port mapping",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid ip address",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					HostIP:        "blah",
+				},
+			},
+			err: "invalid IP address \"blah\" in port mapping",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid overalpping range",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      8080,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Range:         5,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      8081,
+					ContainerPort: 60,
+				},
+			},
+			err: "conflicting port mappings for host port 8081 (protocol tcp)",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "big port range with host port zero does not fit",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 1,
+					Range:         65535,
+				},
+			},
+			err: "failed to find an open port to expose container port 1 with range 65535 on the host",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "big port range with host port zero does not fit",
+			arg: []types.PortMapping{
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 80,
+					Range:         1,
+				},
+				{
+					HostPort:      0,
+					ContainerPort: 1000,
+					Range:         64535,
+				},
+			},
+			err: "failed to find an open port to expose container port 1000 with range 64535 on the host",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		tt := tt
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := ParsePortMapping(tt.arg, nil)
+			assert.EqualError(t, err, tt.err, "error does not match")
+		})
+	}
+}