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+// Copyright 2012 The Gorilla Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+/*
+Package mux implements a request router and dispatcher.
+
+The name mux stands for "HTTP request multiplexer". Like the standard
+http.ServeMux, mux.Router matches incoming requests against a list of
+registered routes and calls a handler for the route that matches the URL
+or other conditions. The main features are:
+
+	* Requests can be matched based on URL host, path, path prefix, schemes,
+	  header and query values, HTTP methods or using custom matchers.
+	* URL hosts and paths can have variables with an optional regular
+	  expression.
+	* Registered URLs can be built, or "reversed", which helps maintaining
+	  references to resources.
+	* Routes can be used as subrouters: nested routes are only tested if the
+	  parent route matches. This is useful to define groups of routes that
+	  share common conditions like a host, a path prefix or other repeated
+	  attributes. As a bonus, this optimizes request matching.
+	* It implements the http.Handler interface so it is compatible with the
+	  standard http.ServeMux.
+
+Let's start registering a couple of URL paths and handlers:
+
+	func main() {
+		r := mux.NewRouter()
+		r.HandleFunc("/", HomeHandler)
+		r.HandleFunc("/products", ProductsHandler)
+		r.HandleFunc("/articles", ArticlesHandler)
+		http.Handle("/", r)
+	}
+
+Here we register three routes mapping URL paths to handlers. This is
+equivalent to how http.HandleFunc() works: if an incoming request URL matches
+one of the paths, the corresponding handler is called passing
+(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) as parameters.
+
+Paths can have variables. They are defined using the format {name} or
+{name:pattern}. If a regular expression pattern is not defined, the matched
+variable will be anything until the next slash. For example:
+
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	r.HandleFunc("/products/{key}", ProductHandler)
+	r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/", ArticlesCategoryHandler)
+	r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}", ArticleHandler)
+
+Groups can be used inside patterns, as long as they are non-capturing (?:re). For example:
+
+	r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{sort:(?:asc|desc|new)}", ArticlesCategoryHandler)
+
+The names are used to create a map of route variables which can be retrieved
+calling mux.Vars():
+
+	vars := mux.Vars(request)
+	category := vars["category"]
+
+Note that if any capturing groups are present, mux will panic() during parsing. To prevent
+this, convert any capturing groups to non-capturing, e.g. change "/{sort:(asc|desc)}" to
+"/{sort:(?:asc|desc)}". This is a change from prior versions which behaved unpredictably
+when capturing groups were present.
+
+And this is all you need to know about the basic usage. More advanced options
+are explained below.
+
+Routes can also be restricted to a domain or subdomain. Just define a host
+pattern to be matched. They can also have variables:
+
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	// Only matches if domain is "www.example.com".
+	r.Host("www.example.com")
+	// Matches a dynamic subdomain.
+	r.Host("{subdomain:[a-z]+}.domain.com")
+
+There are several other matchers that can be added. To match path prefixes:
+
+	r.PathPrefix("/products/")
+
+...or HTTP methods:
+
+	r.Methods("GET", "POST")
+
+...or URL schemes:
+
+	r.Schemes("https")
+
+...or header values:
+
+	r.Headers("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
+
+...or query values:
+
+	r.Queries("key", "value")
+
+...or to use a custom matcher function:
+
+	r.MatcherFunc(func(r *http.Request, rm *RouteMatch) bool {
+		return r.ProtoMajor == 0
+	})
+
+...and finally, it is possible to combine several matchers in a single route:
+
+	r.HandleFunc("/products", ProductsHandler).
+	  Host("www.example.com").
+	  Methods("GET").
+	  Schemes("http")
+
+Setting the same matching conditions again and again can be boring, so we have
+a way to group several routes that share the same requirements.
+We call it "subrouting".
+
+For example, let's say we have several URLs that should only match when the
+host is "www.example.com". Create a route for that host and get a "subrouter"
+from it:
+
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	s := r.Host("www.example.com").Subrouter()
+
+Then register routes in the subrouter:
+
+	s.HandleFunc("/products/", ProductsHandler)
+	s.HandleFunc("/products/{key}", ProductHandler)
+	s.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}"), ArticleHandler)
+
+The three URL paths we registered above will only be tested if the domain is
+"www.example.com", because the subrouter is tested first. This is not
+only convenient, but also optimizes request matching. You can create
+subrouters combining any attribute matchers accepted by a route.
+
+Subrouters can be used to create domain or path "namespaces": you define
+subrouters in a central place and then parts of the app can register its
+paths relatively to a given subrouter.
+
+There's one more thing about subroutes. When a subrouter has a path prefix,
+the inner routes use it as base for their paths:
+
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	s := r.PathPrefix("/products").Subrouter()
+	// "/products/"
+	s.HandleFunc("/", ProductsHandler)
+	// "/products/{key}/"
+	s.HandleFunc("/{key}/", ProductHandler)
+	// "/products/{key}/details"
+	s.HandleFunc("/{key}/details", ProductDetailsHandler)
+
+Note that the path provided to PathPrefix() represents a "wildcard": calling
+PathPrefix("/static/").Handler(...) means that the handler will be passed any
+request that matches "/static/*". This makes it easy to serve static files with mux:
+
+	func main() {
+		var dir string
+
+		flag.StringVar(&dir, "dir", ".", "the directory to serve files from. Defaults to the current dir")
+		flag.Parse()
+		r := mux.NewRouter()
+
+		// This will serve files under http://localhost:8000/static/<filename>
+		r.PathPrefix("/static/").Handler(http.StripPrefix("/static/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(dir))))
+
+		srv := &http.Server{
+			Handler:      r,
+			Addr:         "127.0.0.1:8000",
+			// Good practice: enforce timeouts for servers you create!
+			WriteTimeout: 15 * time.Second,
+			ReadTimeout:  15 * time.Second,
+		}
+
+		log.Fatal(srv.ListenAndServe())
+	}
+
+Now let's see how to build registered URLs.
+
+Routes can be named. All routes that define a name can have their URLs built,
+or "reversed". We define a name calling Name() on a route. For example:
+
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}", ArticleHandler).
+	  Name("article")
+
+To build a URL, get the route and call the URL() method, passing a sequence of
+key/value pairs for the route variables. For the previous route, we would do:
+
+	url, err := r.Get("article").URL("category", "technology", "id", "42")
+
+...and the result will be a url.URL with the following path:
+
+	"/articles/technology/42"
+
+This also works for host variables:
+
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	r.Host("{subdomain}.domain.com").
+	  Path("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}").
+	  HandlerFunc(ArticleHandler).
+	  Name("article")
+
+	// url.String() will be "http://news.domain.com/articles/technology/42"
+	url, err := r.Get("article").URL("subdomain", "news",
+	                                 "category", "technology",
+	                                 "id", "42")
+
+All variables defined in the route are required, and their values must
+conform to the corresponding patterns. These requirements guarantee that a
+generated URL will always match a registered route -- the only exception is
+for explicitly defined "build-only" routes which never match.
+
+Regex support also exists for matching Headers within a route. For example, we could do:
+
+	r.HeadersRegexp("Content-Type", "application/(text|json)")
+
+...and the route will match both requests with a Content-Type of `application/json` as well as
+`application/text`
+
+There's also a way to build only the URL host or path for a route:
+use the methods URLHost() or URLPath() instead. For the previous route,
+we would do:
+
+	// "http://news.domain.com/"
+	host, err := r.Get("article").URLHost("subdomain", "news")
+
+	// "/articles/technology/42"
+	path, err := r.Get("article").URLPath("category", "technology", "id", "42")
+
+And if you use subrouters, host and path defined separately can be built
+as well:
+
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	s := r.Host("{subdomain}.domain.com").Subrouter()
+	s.Path("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}").
+	  HandlerFunc(ArticleHandler).
+	  Name("article")
+
+	// "http://news.domain.com/articles/technology/42"
+	url, err := r.Get("article").URL("subdomain", "news",
+	                                 "category", "technology",
+	                                 "id", "42")
+*/
+package mux