% podman-unshare 1 ## NAME podman\-unshare - Run a command inside of a modified user namespace ## SYNOPSIS **podman unshare** [*options*] [*command*] ## DESCRIPTION Launches a process (by default, *$SHELL*) in a new user namespace. The user namespace is configured so that the invoking user's UID and primary GID appear to be UID 0 and GID 0, respectively. Any ranges which match that user and group in `/etc/subuid` and `/etc/subgid` are also mapped in as themselves with the help of the *newuidmap(1)* and *newgidmap(1)* helpers. **podman unshare** is useful for troubleshooting unprivileged operations and for manually clearing storage and other data related to images and containers. It is also useful if you want to use the **podman mount** command. If an unprivileged user wants to mount and work with a container, then they need to execute **podman unshare**. Executing **podman mount** fails for unprivileged users unless the user is running inside a **podman unshare** session. The unshare session defines two environment variables: - **CONTAINERS_GRAPHROOT**: the path to the persistent container's data. - **CONTAINERS_RUNROOT**: the path to the volatile container's data. *IMPORTANT: This command is not available with the remote Podman client.* ## OPTIONS #### **--help**, **-h** Print usage statement #### **--rootless-netns** Join the rootless network namespace used for CNI and netavark networking. It can be used to connect to a rootless container via IP address (bridge networking). This is otherwise not possible from the host network namespace. ## Exit Codes The exit code from `podman unshare` gives information about why the container failed to run or why it exited. When `podman unshare` commands exit with a non-zero code, the exit codes follow the `chroot` standard, see below: **125** The error is with podman **_itself_** $ podman unshare --foo; echo $? Error: unknown flag: --foo 125 **126** Executing a _contained command_ and the _command_ cannot be invoked $ podman unshare /etc; echo $? Error: fork/exec /etc: permission denied 126 **127** Executing a _contained command_ and the _command_ cannot be found $ podman unshare foo; echo $? Error: fork/exec /usr/bin/bogus: no such file or directory 127 **Exit code** _contained command_ exit code $ podman unshare /bin/sh -c 'exit 3'; echo $? 3 ## EXAMPLE ``` $ podman unshare id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),65534(nobody) $ podman unshare cat /proc/self/uid_map /proc/self/gid_map 0 1000 1 1 10000 65536 0 1000 1 1 10000 65536 $ podman unshare --rootless-netns ip addr 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: tap0: mtu 65520 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 36:0e:4a:c7:45:7e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.2.100/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global tap0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::340e:4aff:fec7:457e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: cni-podman2: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 5e:3a:71:d2:b4:3a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.89.1.1/24 brd 10.89.1.255 scope global cni-podman2 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::5c3a:71ff:fed2:b43a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: vethd4ba3a2f@if3: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master cni-podman2 state UP group default link/ether 8a:c9:56:32:17:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet6 fe80::88c9:56ff:fe32:170c/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever ``` ## SEE ALSO **[podman(1)](podman.1.md)**, **[podman-mount(1)](podman-mount.1.md)**, **namespaces(7)**, **newuidmap(1)**, **newgidmap(1)**, **user\_namespaces(7)**