package libpod import ( "database/sql" "encoding/json" "os" "github.com/pkg/errors" "github.com/sirupsen/logrus" // Use SQLite backend for sql package _ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3" ) // DBSchema is the current DB schema version // Increments every time a change is made to the database's tables const DBSchema = 9 // SQLState is a state implementation backed by a persistent SQLite3 database type SQLState struct { db *sql.DB specsDir string lockDir string runtime *Runtime valid bool } // NewSQLState initializes a SQL-backed state, created the database if necessary func NewSQLState(dbPath, specsDir, lockDir string, runtime *Runtime) (State, error) { state := new(SQLState) state.runtime = runtime // Make the directory that will hold JSON copies of container runtime specs if err := os.MkdirAll(specsDir, 0750); err != nil { // The directory is allowed to exist if !os.IsExist(err) { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error creating OCI specs dir %s", specsDir) } } state.specsDir = specsDir // Make the directory that will hold container lockfiles if err := os.MkdirAll(lockDir, 0750); err != nil { // The directory is allowed to exist if !os.IsExist(err) { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error creating lockfiles dir %s", lockDir) } } state.lockDir = lockDir // TODO add a separate temporary database for per-boot container // state // Open the database // Use loc=auto to get accurate locales for timestamps db, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", dbPath+"?_loc=auto") if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error opening database") } // Ensure connectivity if err := db.Ping(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "cannot establish connection to database") } // Prepare database if err := prepareDB(db); err != nil { return nil, err } // Ensure that the database matches our config if err := checkDB(db, runtime); err != nil { return nil, err } state.db = db state.valid = true return state, nil } // Close the state's database connection func (s *SQLState) Close() error { if !s.valid { return ErrDBClosed } s.valid = false if err := s.db.Close(); err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error closing database") } return nil } // Refresh clears the state after a reboot // Resets mountpoint, PID, state, netns path for all containers func (s *SQLState) Refresh() (err error) { const refresh = `UPDATE containerState SET State=?, Mountpoint=?, Pid=?, NetNSPath=?, IPAddress=?, SubnetMask=?;` if !s.valid { return ErrDBClosed } tx, err := s.db.Begin() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error beginning database transaction") } defer func() { if err != nil { if err2 := tx.Rollback(); err2 != nil { logrus.Errorf("Error rolling back transaction to refresh state: %v", err2) } } }() // Refresh container state // The constants could be moved into the SQL, but keeping them here // will keep us in sync in case ContainerStateConfigured ever changes in // the container state _, err = tx.Exec(refresh, ContainerStateConfigured, "", 0, "", "", "") if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error refreshing database state") } if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error committing transaction to refresh database") } return nil } // Container retrieves a container from its full ID func (s *SQLState) Container(id string) (*Container, error) { const query = containerQuery + "WHERE containers.Id=?;" if id == "" { return nil, ErrEmptyID } if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } row := s.db.QueryRow(query, id) ctr, err := s.ctrFromScannable(row) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving container %s from database", id) } return ctr, nil } // LookupContainer retrieves a container by full or unique partial ID or name func (s *SQLState) LookupContainer(idOrName string) (*Container, error) { const query = containerQuery + "WHERE (containers.Id LIKE ?) OR containers.Name=?;" if idOrName == "" { return nil, ErrEmptyID } if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } rows, err := s.db.Query(query, idOrName+"%", idOrName) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving container %s row from database", idOrName) } defer rows.Close() foundResult := false var ctr *Container for rows.Next() { if foundResult { return nil, errors.Wrapf(ErrCtrExists, "more than one result for ID or name %s", idOrName) } var err error ctr, err = s.ctrFromScannable(rows) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving container %s from database", idOrName) } foundResult = true } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving rows for container ID or name %s", idOrName) } if !foundResult { return nil, errors.Wrapf(ErrNoSuchCtr, "no container with ID or name %s found", idOrName) } return ctr, nil } // HasContainer checks if the given container is present in the state // It accepts a full ID func (s *SQLState) HasContainer(id string) (bool, error) { const query = "SELECT 1 FROM containers WHERE Id=?;" if id == "" { return false, ErrEmptyID } if !s.valid { return false, ErrDBClosed } row := s.db.QueryRow(query, id) var check int err := row.Scan(&check) if err != nil { if err == sql.ErrNoRows { return false, nil } return false, errors.Wrapf(err, "error questing database for existence of container %s", id) } else if check != 1 { return false, errors.Wrapf(ErrInternal, "check digit for HasContainer query incorrect") } return true, nil } // AddContainer adds the given container to the state // If the container belongs to a pod, that pod must already be present in the // state, and the container will be added to the pod func (s *SQLState) AddContainer(ctr *Container) (err error) { if !ctr.valid { return ErrCtrRemoved } if ctr.config.Pod != "" { return errors.Wrapf(ErrPodExists, "cannot add container that belongs to a pod, use AddContainerToPod instead") } return s.addContainer(ctr) } // UpdateContainer updates a container's state from the database func (s *SQLState) UpdateContainer(ctr *Container) error { const query = `SELECT State, ConfigPath, RunDir, Mountpoint, StartedTime, FinishedTime, ExitCode, OomKilled, Pid, NetNSPath, IPAddress, SubnetMask FROM containerState WHERE ID=?;` var ( state int configPath string runDir string mountpoint string startedTimeString string finishedTimeString string exitCode int32 oomKilled int pid int netNSPath string ipAddress string subnetMask string ) if !s.valid { return ErrDBClosed } if !ctr.valid { return ErrCtrRemoved } row := s.db.QueryRow(query, ctr.ID()) err := row.Scan( &state, &configPath, &runDir, &mountpoint, &startedTimeString, &finishedTimeString, &exitCode, &oomKilled, &pid, &netNSPath, &ipAddress, &subnetMask) if err != nil { // The container may not exist in the database if err == sql.ErrNoRows { // Assume that the container was removed by another process // As such make it invalid ctr.valid = false return errors.Wrapf(ErrNoSuchCtr, "no container with ID %s found in database", ctr.ID()) } return errors.Wrapf(err, "error parsing database state for container %s", ctr.ID()) } newState := new(containerState) newState.State = ContainerStatus(state) newState.ConfigPath = configPath newState.RunDir = runDir newState.Mountpoint = mountpoint newState.ExitCode = exitCode newState.OOMKilled = boolFromSQL(oomKilled) newState.PID = pid newState.IPAddress = ipAddress newState.SubnetMask = subnetMask if newState.Mountpoint != "" { newState.Mounted = true } startedTime, err := timeFromSQL(startedTimeString) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error parsing container %s started time", ctr.ID()) } newState.StartedTime = startedTime finishedTime, err := timeFromSQL(finishedTimeString) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error parsing container %s finished time", ctr.ID()) } newState.FinishedTime = finishedTime // Do we need to replace the container's netns? if netNSPath != "" { // Check if the container's old state has a good netns if ctr.state.NetNS != nil && netNSPath == ctr.state.NetNS.Path() { newState.NetNS = ctr.state.NetNS } else { // Tear down the existing namespace if err := s.runtime.teardownNetNS(ctr); err != nil { return err } // Open the new network namespace ns, err := joinNetNS(netNSPath) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error joining network namespace for container %s", ctr.ID()) } newState.NetNS = ns } } else { // The container no longer has a network namespace // Tear down the old one if err := s.runtime.teardownNetNS(ctr); err != nil { return err } } // New state compiled successfully, swap it into the current state ctr.state = newState return nil } // SaveContainer updates a container's state in the database func (s *SQLState) SaveContainer(ctr *Container) error { const update = `UPDATE containerState SET State=?, ConfigPath=?, RunDir=?, Mountpoint=?, StartedTime=?, FinishedTime=?, ExitCode=?, OomKilled=?, Pid=?, NetNSPath=?, IPAddress=?, SubnetMask=? WHERE Id=?;` if !ctr.valid { return ErrCtrRemoved } netNSPath := "" if ctr.state.NetNS != nil { netNSPath = ctr.state.NetNS.Path() } if !s.valid { return ErrDBClosed } tx, err := s.db.Begin() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error beginning database transaction") } defer func() { if err != nil { if err2 := tx.Rollback(); err2 != nil { logrus.Errorf("Error rolling back transaction to add container %s: %v", ctr.ID(), err2) } } }() // Add container state to the database result, err := tx.Exec(update, ctr.state.State, ctr.state.ConfigPath, ctr.state.RunDir, ctr.state.Mountpoint, timeToSQL(ctr.state.StartedTime), timeToSQL(ctr.state.FinishedTime), ctr.state.ExitCode, boolToSQL(ctr.state.OOMKilled), ctr.state.PID, netNSPath, ctr.state.IPAddress, ctr.state.SubnetMask, ctr.ID()) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error updating container %s state in database", ctr.ID()) } rows, err := result.RowsAffected() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving number of rows modified by update of container %s", ctr.ID()) } if rows == 0 { // Container was probably removed elsewhere ctr.valid = false return ErrNoSuchCtr } if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error committing transaction to update container %s", ctr.ID()) } return nil } // ContainerInUse checks if other containers depend on the given container // It returns the IDs of containers which depend on the given container func (s *SQLState) ContainerInUse(ctr *Container) ([]string, error) { const inUseQuery = `SELECT Id FROM containers WHERE IPCNsCtr=? OR MountNsCtr=? OR NetNsCtr=? OR PIDNsCtr=? OR UserNsCtr=? OR UTSNsCtr=? OR CgroupNsCtr=?;` if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } if !ctr.valid { return nil, ErrCtrRemoved } id := ctr.ID() rows, err := s.db.Query(inUseQuery, id, id, id, id, id, id, id) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error querying database for containers that depend on container %s", id) } defer rows.Close() ids := []string{} for rows.Next() { var ctrID string if err := rows.Scan(&ctrID); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error scanning container IDs from db rows for container %s", id) } ids = append(ids, ctrID) } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving rows for container %s", id) } return ids, nil } // RemoveContainer removes the given container from the state func (s *SQLState) RemoveContainer(ctr *Container) error { if ctr.config.Pod != "" { return errors.Wrapf(ErrPodExists, "container %s belongs to a pod, use RemoveContainerFromPod", ctr.ID()) } return s.removeContainer(ctr) } // AllContainers retrieves all the containers presently in the state func (s *SQLState) AllContainers() ([]*Container, error) { const query = containerQuery + ";" if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } rows, err := s.db.Query(query) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving containers from database") } defer rows.Close() containers := []*Container{} for rows.Next() { ctr, err := s.ctrFromScannable(rows) if err != nil { return nil, err } containers = append(containers, ctr) } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving container rows") } return containers, nil } // Pod retrieves a pod by its full ID func (s *SQLState) Pod(id string) (*Pod, error) { const query = "SELECT * FROM pods WHERE Id=?;" if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } if id == "" { return nil, ErrEmptyID } row := s.db.QueryRow(query, id) pod, err := s.podFromScannable(row) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving pod %s from database", id) } return pod, nil } // LookupPod retrieves a pot by full or unique partial ID or name func (s *SQLState) LookupPod(idOrName string) (*Pod, error) { const query = "SELECT * FROM pods WHERE (Id LIKE ?) OR Name=?;" if idOrName == "" { return nil, ErrEmptyID } if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } rows, err := s.db.Query(query, idOrName+"%", idOrName) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving pod %s row from database", idOrName) } defer rows.Close() foundResult := false var pod *Pod for rows.Next() { if foundResult { return nil, errors.Wrapf(ErrCtrExists, "more than one result for ID or name %s", idOrName) } var err error pod, err = s.podFromScannable(rows) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving pod %s from database", idOrName) } foundResult = true } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving rows for pod ID or name %s", idOrName) } if !foundResult { return nil, errors.Wrapf(ErrNoSuchCtr, "no pod with ID or name %s found", idOrName) } return pod, nil } // HasPod checks if a pod exists given its full ID func (s *SQLState) HasPod(id string) (bool, error) { if id == "" { return false, ErrEmptyID } if !s.valid { return false, ErrDBClosed } return s.podExists(id) } // PodHasContainer checks if the given pod containers a container with the given // ID func (s *SQLState) PodHasContainer(pod *Pod, ctrID string) (bool, error) { const query = "SELECT 1 FROM containers WHERE Id=? AND Pod=?;" if ctrID == "" { return false, ErrEmptyID } if !s.valid { return false, ErrDBClosed } if !pod.valid { return false, ErrPodRemoved } row := s.db.QueryRow(query, ctrID, pod.ID()) var check int err := row.Scan(&check) if err != nil { if err == sql.ErrNoRows { return false, nil } return false, errors.Wrapf(err, "error questing database for existence of container %s", ctrID) } else if check != 1 { return false, errors.Wrapf(ErrInternal, "check digit for PodHasContainer query incorrect") } return true, nil } // PodContainersByID returns the container IDs of all containers in the given // pod func (s *SQLState) PodContainersByID(pod *Pod) ([]string, error) { const query = "SELECT Id FROM containers WHERE Pod=?;" if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } if !pod.valid { return nil, ErrPodRemoved } // Check to make sure pod still exists in DB exists, err := s.podExists(pod.ID()) if err != nil { return nil, err } if !exists { pod.valid = false return nil, ErrPodRemoved } // Get actual containers rows, err := s.db.Query(query, pod.ID()) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving containers from database") } defer rows.Close() containers := []string{} for rows.Next() { var id string if err := rows.Scan(&id); err != nil { if err == sql.ErrNoRows { return nil, ErrNoSuchCtr } return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error parsing database row into container ID") } containers = append(containers, id) } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving container rows") } return containers, nil } // PodContainers returns all the containers in a pod given the pod's full ID func (s *SQLState) PodContainers(pod *Pod) ([]*Container, error) { const query = containerQuery + "WHERE containers.Pod=?;" if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } if !pod.valid { return nil, ErrPodRemoved } // Check to make sure pod still exists in DB exists, err := s.podExists(pod.ID()) if err != nil { return nil, err } if !exists { pod.valid = false return nil, ErrPodRemoved } // Get actual containers rows, err := s.db.Query(query, pod.ID()) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving containers from database") } defer rows.Close() containers := []*Container{} for rows.Next() { ctr, err := s.ctrFromScannable(rows) if err != nil { return nil, err } containers = append(containers, ctr) } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving container rows") } return containers, nil } // AddPod adds a pod to the state // Only empty pods can be added to the state func (s *SQLState) AddPod(pod *Pod) (err error) { const query = "INSERT INTO pods VALUES (?, ?, ?);" if !s.valid { return ErrDBClosed } if !pod.valid { return ErrPodRemoved } labelsJSON, err := json.Marshal(pod.labels) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error marshaling pod %s labels to JSON", pod.ID()) } tx, err := s.db.Begin() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error beginning database transaction") } defer func() { if err != nil { if err2 := tx.Rollback(); err2 != nil { logrus.Errorf("Error rolling back transaction to add pod %s: %v", pod.ID(), err2) } } }() _, err = tx.Exec(query, pod.ID(), pod.Name(), string(labelsJSON)) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error adding pod %s to database", pod.ID()) } if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error committing transaction to add pod %s", pod.ID()) } return nil } // RemovePod removes a pod from the state // Only empty pods can be removed func (s *SQLState) RemovePod(pod *Pod) error { const query = "DELETE FROM pods WHERE ID=?;" if !s.valid { return ErrDBClosed } tx, err := s.db.Begin() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error beginning database transaction") } defer func() { if err != nil { if err2 := tx.Rollback(); err2 != nil { logrus.Errorf("Error rolling back transaction to remove pod %s: %v", pod.ID(), err2) } } }() // Check rows acted on for the first transaction, verify we actually removed something result, err := tx.Exec(query, pod.ID()) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error removing pod %s from pods table", pod.ID()) } rows, err := result.RowsAffected() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving number of rows in transaction removing pod %s", pod.ID()) } else if rows == 0 { return ErrNoSuchPod } if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error committing transaction to remove pod %s", pod.ID()) } return nil } // RemovePodContainers removes all containers in a pod simultaneously // This can avoid issues with dependencies within the pod // The operation will fail if any container in the pod has a dependency from // outside the pod func (s *SQLState) RemovePodContainers(pod *Pod) error { const ( getPodCtrs = "SELECT Id FROM containers WHERE pod=?;" removeCtr = "DELETE FROM containers WHERE pod=?;" removeCtrState = "DELETE FROM containerState WHERE ID=ANY(SELECT Id FROM containers WHERE pod=?);" ) if !s.valid { return ErrDBClosed } if !pod.valid { return ErrPodRemoved } committed := false tx, err := s.db.Begin() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error beginning database transaction") } defer func() { if err != nil && !committed { if err2 := tx.Rollback(); err2 != nil { logrus.Errorf("Error rolling back transaction to remove pod %s containers: %v", pod.ID(), err2) } } }() // First get all containers in the pod rows, err := tx.Query(getPodCtrs, pod.ID()) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving containers from database") } defer rows.Close() containers := []string{} for rows.Next() { var id string if err := rows.Scan(&id); err != nil { if err == sql.ErrNoRows { return ErrNoSuchCtr } return errors.Wrapf(err, "error parsing database row into container ID") } containers = append(containers, id) } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving container rows") } // Have container IDs, now exec SQL to remove contianers in the pod // Remove state first, as it needs the subquery on containers // Don't bother checking if we actually removed anything, we just want to // empty the pod _, err = tx.Exec(removeCtrState, pod.ID()) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error removing pod %s containers from state table", pod.ID()) } _, err = tx.Exec(removeCtr, pod.ID()) if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error removing pod %s containers from containers table", pod.ID()) } if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "error committing transaction to add pod %s", pod.ID()) } committed = true // Remove JSON files from the containers in question hasError := false for _, ctr := range containers { jsonPath := getSpecPath(s.specsDir, ctr) if err := os.Remove(jsonPath); err != nil { logrus.Errorf("Error removing spec JSON for container %s: %v", ctr, err) hasError = true } portsPath := getPortsPath(s.specsDir, ctr) if err := os.Remove(portsPath); err != nil { if !os.IsNotExist(err) { logrus.Errorf("Error removing ports JSON for container %s: %v", ctr, err) hasError = true } } } if hasError { return errors.Wrapf(ErrInternal, "error removing JSON state for some containers") } return nil } // AddContainerToPod adds a container to the given pod func (s *SQLState) AddContainerToPod(pod *Pod, ctr *Container) error { if !pod.valid { return ErrPodRemoved } if !ctr.valid { return ErrCtrRemoved } if ctr.config.Pod != pod.ID() { return errors.Wrapf(ErrInvalidArg, "container's pod ID does not match given pod's ID") } return s.addContainer(ctr) } // RemoveContainerFromPod removes a container from the given pod func (s *SQLState) RemoveContainerFromPod(pod *Pod, ctr *Container) error { if ctr.config.Pod != pod.ID() { return errors.Wrapf(ErrInvalidArg, "container %s is not in pod %s", ctr.ID(), pod.ID()) } return s.removeContainer(ctr) } // AllPods retrieves all pods presently in the state func (s *SQLState) AllPods() ([]*Pod, error) { const query = "SELECT * FROM pods;" if !s.valid { return nil, ErrDBClosed } rows, err := s.db.Query(query) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error querying database for all pods") } defer rows.Close() pods := []*Pod{} for rows.Next() { pod, err := s.podFromScannable(rows) if err != nil { return nil, err } pods = append(pods, pod) } if err := rows.Err(); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error retrieving pod rows") } return pods, nil }