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authorPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
committerPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
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+---
+title: AudioBuffer
+slug: Web/API/AudioBuffer
+translation_of: Web/API/AudioBuffer
+---
+<p>{{APIRef("Web Audio API")}}</p>
+
+<div>
+<p>AudioBuffer接口表示存在内存里的一段短小的音频资源,利用{{ domxref("AudioContext.decodeAudioData()") }}方法从一个音频文件构建,或者利用 {{ domxref("AudioContext.createBuffer()") }}从原始数据构建。把音频放入AudioBuffer后,可以传入到一个 {{ domxref("AudioBufferSourceNode") }}进行播放。</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>这些类型对象被设计来控制小音频片段,往往短于45秒。对于更长的声音,通过 {{domxref("MediaElementAudioSourceNode")}}来实现更为合适。缓存区(buffer)包含以下数据:不间断的IEEE75432位线性PCM,从-1到1的范围额定,就是说,32位的浮点缓存区的每个样本在-1.0到1.0之间。如果{{domxref("AudioBuffer")}}有不同的频道,他们通常被保存在独立的缓存区。</p>
+
+<h2 id="属性">属性</h2>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt>{{domxref("AudioBuffer.sampleRate")}} {{readonlyInline}}</dt>
+ <dd>存储在缓存区的PCM数据的采样率:浮点数,单位为 sample/s。</dd>
+ <dt>{{domxref("AudioBuffer.length")}} {{readonlyInline}}</dt>
+ <dd>返回存储在缓存区的PCM数据的采样帧率:整形。</dd>
+ <dt>{{domxref("AudioBuffer.duration")}} {{readonlyInline}}</dt>
+ <dd>返回存储在缓存区的PCM数据的时长:双精度型(单位为秒),。</dd>
+ <dt>{{domxref("AudioBuffer.numberOfChannels")}} {{readonlyInline}}</dt>
+ <dd>返回存储在缓存区的PCM数据的通道数:整形。</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="方法">方法</h2>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt>{{domxref("AudioBuffer.getChannelData()")}}</dt>
+ <dd>返回一个 {{jsxref("Float32Array")}},包含了带有频道的PCM数据,由频道参数定义(有0代表第一个频道)</dd>
+ <dt>{{domxref("AudioBuffer.copyFromChannel()")}}</dt>
+ <dd>从AudioBuffer的指定频道复制到数组终端。</dd>
+ <dt>{{domxref("AudioBuffer.copyToChannel()")}}</dt>
+ <dd>复制样品到原数组的AudioBuffer的指定频道</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="例子">例子</h2>
+
+<p>以下的例子展示了如何构建一个AudioBuffer以及随机用白噪音填充。你可以在 <a href="https://github.com/mdn/webaudio-examples/tree/master/audio-buffer">audio-buffer demo</a>库发现完整的源代码;一个<a href="https://mdn.github.io/webaudio-examples/audio-buffer/">running live</a> 的版本也可获得。</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js;highlight:[7,14,27] notranslate">// Stereo
+var channels = 2;
+
+// Create an empty two second stereo buffer at the
+// sample rate of the AudioContext
+var frameCount = audioCtx.sampleRate * 2.0;
+var myArrayBuffer = audioCtx.createBuffer(channels, frameCount, audioCtx.sampleRate);
+
+button.onclick = function() {
+ // Fill the buffer with white noise;
+ // just random values between -1.0 and 1.0
+ for (var channel = 0; channel &lt; channels; channel++) {
+ // This gives us the actual array that contains the data
+ var nowBuffering = myArrayBuffer.getChannelData(channel);
+ for (var i = 0; i &lt; frameCount; i++) {
+ // Math.random() is in [0; 1.0]
+ // audio needs to be in [-1.0; 1.0]
+ nowBuffering[i] = Math.random() * 2 - 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Get an AudioBufferSourceNode.
+ // This is the AudioNode to use when we want to play an AudioBuffer
+ var source = audioCtx.createBufferSource();
+
+ // set the buffer in the AudioBufferSourceNode
+ source.buffer = myArrayBuffer;
+
+ // connect the AudioBufferSourceNode to the
+ // destination so we can hear the sound
+ source.connect(audioCtx.destination);
+
+ // start the source playing
+ source.start();
+
+}
+</pre>
+
+<h2 id="规格参数">规格参数</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <th scope="col">规格参数</th>
+ <th scope="col">状态</th>
+ <th scope="col">注释</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('Web Audio API', '#the-audiobuffer-interface', 'AudioBuffer')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('Web Audio API')}}</td>
+ <td>Initial definition.</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2>
+
+<div class="hidden">
+<p>此页面上的兼容性表是由结构化数据生成的。如果您想贡献数据,请查看https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data并向我们提交pull request。</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>{{Compat("api.AudioBuffer")}}</p>
+
+<div></div>
+
+<h2 id="可查看">可查看</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Audio_API/Using_Web_Audio_API">应用Web Audio API </a></li>
+</ul>