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authorPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
committerPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
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+---
+title: Node.compareDocumentPosition
+slug: Web/API/Node/compareDocumentPosition
+tags:
+ - API
+ - DOM
+ - Method
+ - Node
+ - Position
+ - Reference
+ - 比较文档位置
+translation_of: Web/API/Node/compareDocumentPosition
+---
+<div>{{ ApiRef("DOM") }}</div>
+
+<p><code><strong>Node.compareDocumentPosition()</strong></code> 可以比较当前节点与任意文档中的另一个节点的位置关系。</p>
+
+<p>返回值是一个具有以下值的位掩码:</p>
+
+<table>
+ <thead>
+ <tr>
+ <th scope="col">常量名</th>
+ <th scope="col">十进制值</th>
+ <th scope="col">含义</th>
+ </tr>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_DISCONNECTED</code></td>
+ <td>1</td>
+ <td>不在同一文档中</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_PRECEDING</code></td>
+ <td>2</td>
+ <td>otherNode在node之前</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_FOLLOWING</code></td>
+ <td>4</td>
+ <td>otherNode在node之后</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_CONTAINS</code></td>
+ <td>8</td>
+ <td>otherNode包含node</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_CONTAINED_BY</code></td>
+ <td>16</td>
+ <td>otherNode被node包含</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td><code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_IMPLEMENTATION_SPECIFIC</code></td>
+ <td>32</td>
+ <td>待定</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
+
+<pre><em>compareMask</em> = node.compareDocumentPosition( otherNode )
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="参数">参数</h3>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt><code>otherNode</code></dt>
+ <dd>用于比较位置的 <code>Node</code> 。</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3>
+
+<p>一个表示 <code>Node</code> 和 <code>otherNode </code>在 {{domxref("Document")}} 中关系的整数值。在一些场景下,可能设置了不止一位比特值。比如 <code>otherNode</code> 在文档中是靠前的且包含了 <code>Node</code>, 那么<code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_CONTAINS</code> 和 <code>DOCUMENT_POSITION_PRECEDING</code> 位都会设置,所以结果会是 0x0A 即十进制下的 10。</p>
+
+<h2 id="Example" name="Example">例子</h2>
+
+<pre class="brush:js">var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head').item(0);
+if (head.compareDocumentPosition(document.body) &amp; Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_FOLLOWING) {
+ console.log("well-formed document");
+} else {
+ console.log("&lt;head&gt; is not before &lt;body&gt;");
+}
+</pre>
+
+<div class="note">
+<p><strong>注:</strong> 因为<code>compareDocumentPosition</code>返回的是一个位掩码,所以必须再使用<a href="/zh-CN/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Bitwise_Operators" title="/zh-CN/docs/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Guide/Operators/Bitwise_Operators">按位与运算符</a>才能得到有意义的值.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>注意第一条语句使用了带有参数 0 的 {{domxref("NodeList.item()")}} 方法,它和 getElementsByTagName('head')[0] 是一样的。</p>
+
+<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>
+
+<table>
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <td>规范</td>
+ <td>状态</td>
+ <td>注释</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('DOM WHATWG','#dom-node-comparedocumentposition','Node.compareDocumentPosition()')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('DOM WHATWG')}}</td>
+ <td> </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('DOM3 Core','core.html#Node3-compareDocumentPosition','Node.compareDocumentPosition()')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('DOM3 Core')}}</td>
+ <td>Initial definition</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2>
+
+
+
+<p>{{Compat("api.Node.compareDocumentPosition")}}</p>
+
+<h2 id="相关链接">相关链接</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><code><a href="/zh-CN/docs/DOM/Node.contains" title="/zh-CN/docs/DOM/Node.contains">Node.contains</a></code></li>
+ <li><a href="http://ejohn.org/blog/comparing-document-position/" title="http://ejohn.org/blog/comparing-document-position/">John Resig - Comparing Document Position</a></li>
+</ul>