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authorPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
committerPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
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+---
+title: SubtleCrypto.decrypt()
+slug: Web/API/SubtleCrypto/decrypt
+translation_of: Web/API/SubtleCrypto/decrypt
+---
+<p>{{APIRef("Web Crypto API")}}</p>
+
+<p><code><strong>SubtleCrypto.decrypt()</strong></code> 以加密数据、算法和密钥为参数返回一个包含明文的 {{jsxref("Promise")}} 对象。</p>
+
+<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
+
+<pre class="syntaxbox">var <em>result</em> = crypto<code>.subtle.decrypt(<em>algorithm</em>, <em>key</em>, <em>data</em>)</code>;
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="属性">属性</h3>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><em><code>algorithm</code></em> 是一个对象,用于指定解密函数及其参数。当没有参数时,<em>algorithm</em> 也可以是包含了算法名称的 {{domxref("DOMString")}} 对象。支持的值<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#algorithm-overview">¹</a> 如下:
+
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>{"name": "<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#dfn-AesCbcParams">AES-CBC</a>", iv}</code> <code><em>iv</em></code> 与 {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.encrypt()")}} 中描述的相同。</li>
+ <li><code>{"name": "<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#dfn-AesCtrParams">AES-CTR</a>", counter, length}</code> <code><em>counter</em></code> 和<code><em>length</em></code> 与 {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.encrypt()")}} 中描述的相同</li>
+ <li><code>{"name": "<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#dfn-AesGcmParams">AES-GCM</a>", iv[, additionalData, tagLength]}</code> <code><em>iv</em></code>, <code><em>additionalData</em></code>和 <code><em>tagLength</em></code> 与 {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.encrypt()")}} 中描述的相同。</li>
+ <li><code>{"name": "<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WebCryptoAPI/#dfn-RsaOaepParams">RSA-OAEP</a>"[, label]}</code> <code><em>label</em></code> 与 {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.encrypt()")}} 中描述的相同。</li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><code><em>key</em></code> 是一个包含了密钥的 {{domxref("CryptoKey")}} 对象,用于解密。</li>
+ <li><em><code>data</code></em> 是一个包含了待解密的密文的 {{domxref("BufferSource")}} 对象。</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><code><em>result</em></code> 是一个 {{jsxref("Promise")}} 对象,它会返回由{{glossary("ciphertext")}} 解密的得来的 {{glossary("plaintext")}}。</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="异常">异常</h3>
+
+<p>Promise 将会在以下的异常被触发时返回 rejected:</p>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt>InvalidAccessError</dt>
+ <dd>当提供的密钥无法执行请求的操作时(如:解密算法无效,或对指定的解密算法提供了无效的密钥)。</dd>
+ <dt>OperationError</dt>
+ <dd>因特定的操作原因导致操作失败时(如:算法的参数大小无效,或解密结果失败)。</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="实例">实例</h2>
+
+<pre class="brush: js">const decryptText = async (ctBuffer, iv, password) =&gt; {
+    const pwUtf8 = new TextEncoder().encode(password);
+    const pwHash = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256', pwUtf8);
+
+    const alg = { name: 'AES-GCM', iv: iv };
+    const key = await crypto.subtle.importKey('raw', pwHash, alg, false, ['decrypt']);
+
+    const ptBuffer = await crypto.subtle.decrypt(alg, key, ctBuffer);
+
+    const plaintext = new TextDecoder().decode(ptBuffer);
+
+    return plaintext;
+}</pre>
+
+<p><code><em>iv</em></code> 的含义在 {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.encrypt()")}} 中可以找到。<code><em>ctBuffer</em></code> 是 {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.encrypt()")}} 返回的密文。</p>
+
+<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <th scope="col">Specification</th>
+ <th scope="col">Status</th>
+ <th scope="col">Comment</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{ SpecName('Web Crypto API', '#SubtleCrypto-method-decrypt', 'SubtleCrypto.decrypt()') }}</td>
+ <td>{{ Spec2('Web Crypto API') }}</td>
+ <td>Initial definition.</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="浏览器支持">浏览器支持</h2>
+
+
+
+<p>{{Compat("api.SubtleCrypto.decrypt")}}</p>
+
+<h2 id="另请参见">另请参见</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>{{domxref("Crypto")}} 与 {{domxref("Crypto.subtle")}}。</li>
+ <li>{{domxref("SubtleCrypto")}} 包含了该接口。</li>
+</ul>