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authorPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
committerPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
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+---
+title: '@viewport'
+slug: Web/CSS/@viewport
+tags:
+ - Adaptation
+ - At-rule
+ - CSS
+ - Device
+ - NeedsContent
+ - NeedsTranslation
+ - Reference
+ - TopicStub
+translation_of: Web/CSS/@viewport
+---
+<div>{{CSSRef}}{{deprecated_header}}</div>
+
+<p><strong> <code>@viewport</code></strong> 规则让我们可以对文档的大小进行设置 {{glossary("viewport")}} 。这个特性主要被用于移动设备,但是也可以用在支持类似“固定到边缘”等特性的桌面浏览器,如微软的Edge。</p>
+
+<p>按百分比计算尺寸的时候,就是参照的<strong>初始视口(viewport)</strong>。初始视口指的是任何用户代理和样式对它进行修改之前的视口。桌面浏览器如果不是全屏模式的话,一般是基于窗口大小。</p>
+
+<p>在移动设备上(或者桌面浏览器的全屏模式),初始视口通常就是应用程序可以使用的屏幕部分。它可能是全屏或者减去由操作系统或者其它应用程序所占用的部分(例如状态栏)。</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: css no-line-numbers notranslate">@viewport {
+ width: 100vw; /*将视口宽度设为与设备宽度相同*/
+}</pre>
+
+<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
+
+<p>@规则包含一组包含在CSS代码块中的嵌套的 {{glossary("descriptor (CSS)", "descriptor")}}。</p>
+
+<p>缩放因子<code>1.0</code> 或者 <code>100%</code> 表示不缩放,大于1表示放大,小于1表示缩小。</p>
+
+<h3 id="描述符">描述符</h3>
+
+<p>目前,大多数浏览器对 <code>@viewport</code> 的支持很差,Internet Explorer和Edge对其支持较好。但即使在这些浏览器中,也只有少量的描述符可用。如果浏览器不支持 <code>@viewport</code>,浏览器会忽略 <code>@viewport</code> 以及任何和其相关的描述符。</p>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/min-width"><code>min-width</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置viewport的最小宽度</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/max-width"><code>max-width</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置viewport的最大宽度</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/width"><code>width</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>同时设置 <code>min-width</code> 和 <code>max-width</code></dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/min-height"><code>min-height</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置viewport的最小高度</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/max-height"><code>max-height</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置viewport的最大高度</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/height"><code>height</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>同时设置 <code>min-height</code> 和 <code>max-height</code></dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/zoom"><code>zoom</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置初始缩放系数</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/min-zoom"><code>min-zoom</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置最小缩放系数</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/max-zoom"><code>max-zoom</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置最大缩放系数</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/user-zoom"><code>user-zoom</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置用户是能更改缩放系数</dd>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/orientation"><code>orientation</code></a></dt>
+ <dd>设置文档的方向</dd>
+ <dt>{{cssxref("@viewport/viewport-fit", "viewport-fit")}}</dt>
+ <dd>Controls the display of the document on non-rectangular displays.</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h3 id="Formal_syntax">Formal syntax</h3>
+
+<pre class="syntaxbox notranslate">{{csssyntax}}</pre>
+
+<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2>
+
+<pre class="brush: css notranslate">@viewport {
+ min-width: 640px;
+ max-width: 800px;
+}
+
+@viewport {
+ zoom: 0.75;
+ min-zoom: 0.5;
+ max-zoom: 0.9;
+}
+
+@viewport {
+ orientation: landscape;
+}</pre>
+
+<h2 id="Specifications" name="Specifications">Specifications</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <thead>
+ <tr>
+ <th scope="col">Specification</th>
+ <th scope="col">Status</th>
+ <th scope="col">Comment</th>
+ </tr>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName("CSS Round Display", "#extending-viewport-rule", "@viewport")}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2("CSS Round Display")}}</td>
+ <td>Defined the {{cssxref("@viewport/viewport-fit", "viewport-fit")}} descriptor.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('CSS3 Device', '#the-atviewport-rule', '@viewport')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('CSS3 Device')}}</td>
+ <td>Initial definition</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2>
+
+
+
+<p>{{Compat("css.at-rules.viewport")}}</p>
+
+<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>{{HTMLElement("meta")}}, specifically <code>&lt;meta name="viewport"&gt;</code></li>
+ <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Mobile/Viewport_meta_tag">Using the viewport meta tag to control layout on mobile browsers</a></li>
+</ul>