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diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/about/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/about/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..02c6ef967c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/about/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +--- +title: Mengenai Pustaka Ini +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/About +tags: + - JavaScript +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/About +--- +<h2 id="Apa_yang_perlu_diketahui_sebelumnya">Apa yang perlu diketahui sebelumnya</h2> + +<p>Pengalaman menggunakan bahasa pemrograman lainnya dapat menjadi manfaat, meskipun tidak menjadi prasyarat.</p> + +<p>JavaScript ditujukan untuk digunakan pada lingkup yang lebih besar, seperti peramban, script server-side, atau sejenisnya. Secara umum, pustaka ini tergantung pada platform tertentu, dan tidak ditujukan hanya untuk peramban.</p> + +<p>Untuk tujuan demo, pustakan ini menggunakan fungsi, println. Fungsi tersebut bukanlah bagian dari JavaScript. Namun ia dapat dipetakan terhadap implementasi spesifik pada platform tertentu.</p> + +<p>Misal, bila berjalan di peramban, maka fungsi di atas dapat implementasikan sebagai:</p> + +<div style="overflow: hidden;"> +<pre class="brush: js">function println(string) { + window.alert(string); +} +</pre> + +<p> </p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Sejarah_JavaScript">Sejarah JavaScript</h2> + +<p>Versi terbaru dari peramban berbasis Mozilla mendukung versi terbaru dari JavaScript. Tabel berikut menampilkan daftar dari versi JavaScript yang didukung oleh versi yang berbeda dari peramban berbasis Mozilla.</p> + +<p>Peramban yang tidak mendukung versi JavaScript setidaknya versi 1.5 adalah hal yang sangat langka untuk saat ini. JavaScript versi 1.5 sudah dipublikasikan sejak tahun 1999. Bila Anda tertarik untuk mempelajari sejarahnya, silahkan mengunjungi referensi yang terdapat di Wikipedia, <a class="external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScript">ECMAScript</a>.</p> + +<h3 id="JavaScriptBrowser_support_history">JavaScript/Browser support history</h3> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col">JavaScript (<a href="/en-US/docs/SpiderMonkey" title="en-US/docs/SpiderMonkey">SpiderMonkey</a>) version</th> + <th scope="col">Mozilla release</th> + <th scope="col"><a href="/en-US/docs/Gecko" title="en-US/docs/Gecko">Gecko</a> version</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/New_in_JavaScript/1.5" title="en-US/docs/JavaScript/New in JavaScript/1.5">JavaScript 1.5</a></td> + <td>Navigator 6.0, Mozilla Application Suite, Firefox 1.0</td> + <td>Gecko 0.6x-1.7</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/New_in_JavaScript/1.6" title="en-US/docs/JavaScript/New in JavaScript/1.6">JavaScript 1.6</a></td> + <td>Firefox 1.5</td> + <td>Gecko 1.8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/New_in_JavaScript/1.7" title="en-US/docs/JavaScript/New in JavaScript/1.7">JavaScript 1.7</a></td> + <td>Firefox 2</td> + <td>Gecko 1.8.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/New_in_JavaScript/1.8" title="en-US/docs/JavaScript/New in JavaScript/1.8">JavaScript 1.8</a></td> + <td>Firefox 3</td> + <td>Gecko 1.9</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/New_in_JavaScript/1.8.5" title="en-US/docs/JavaScript/New in JavaScript/1.8.5">JavaScript 1.8.5</a></td> + <td>Firefox 4</td> + <td>Gecko 2.0</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><a href="/en-US/docs/Firefox_17_for_developers#JavaScript">JavaScript 1.8.6</a></td> + <td>Firefox 17</td> + <td>Gecko 17</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Sumber_informasi_JavaScript">Sumber informasi JavaScript</h2> + +<p>Dokumentasi JavaScript dari fitur bahasa inti (murni <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Language_Resources">ECMAScript</a>, untuk sebagian besar) mencakup:</p> + +<ul> + <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide">Pedoman JavaScript</a></li> + <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference">Referensi JavaScript</a></li> +</ul> + +<p>Bila Anda masih baru terhadap JavaScript, mulailah dari <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide">pedoman</a>. Bila kemudian Anda sudah merasa memiliki pemahaman yang lebih mendalam, Anda dapat memanfaatkan <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference">referensi</a>.</p> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/constructor/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/constructor/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8da1df9428 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/constructor/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ +--- +title: constructor +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/constructor +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/constructor +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Classes")}}</div> + +<p>Metode dengan nama "constructor" adalah metode spesial untuk pembuatan dan penginisialisasian objek yang dibuat dengan kelas.</p> + +<h2 id="sintaks">sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">constructor([arguments]) { ... }</pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Hanya boleh ada satu metode spesial dengan nama "constructor" dalam sebuah kelas. {{jsxref("SyntaxError")}} akan dilemparkan jika suatu kelas memiliki lebih dari satu metode konstruktor.</p> + +<p>Konstruktor dapat menggunakan kata kunci {{jsxref("Operators/super", "super")}} untuk memanggil konstruktor orang-tua.</p> + +<p>Jika metode konstruktor tidak didefinisikan dalam sebuah kelas, maka kontruktor asali yang akan digunakan.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_metode_constructor">Menggunakan metode <code>constructor</code></h3> + +<p>Potongan kode ini diambil dari <a href="https://github.com/GoogleChrome/samples/blob/gh-pages/classes-es6/index.html">contoh kelas</a> (<a href="https://googlechrome.github.io/samples/classes-es6/index.html">demostrasi langsung</a>).</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">class Square extends Polygon { + constructor(length) { + // Di sini, akan memanggil konstruktor orang-tua dengan panjang + // diberikan untuk panjang dan tinggi Polygon + super(length, length); + // Catatan: di kelas turunan, super() harus dipanggil sebelum + // bisa menggunakan kata kunci 'this'. Meninggalkan pemanggilan ini di awal + // akan menyebabkan kesalahan referensi. + this.name = 'Square'; + } + + get area() { + return this.height * this.width; + } + + set area(value) { + this.area = value; + } +}</pre> + +<h3 id="Konstruktor_asali">Konstruktor asali</h3> + +<p>Jika metode konstruktor tidak didefinisikan dalam sebuah kelas, maka kontruktor asali yang akan digunakan. Untuk konstruktor asali untuk kelas dasar adalah:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">constructor() {} +</pre> + +<p>Konstruktor asali untuk kelas turunan adalah:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">constructor(...args) { + super(...args); +}</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-static-semantics-constructormethod', 'Constructor Method')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-static-semantics-constructormethod', 'Constructor Method')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_Peramban">Kompatibilitas Peramban</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Default constructors</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Android Webview</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Default constructors</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Pula">Lihat Pula</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/super">super()</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/class"><code>class</code> expression</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class"><code>class</code> declaration</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes">Classes</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/extends/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/extends/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c6def454fe --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/extends/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +--- +title: extends +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/extends +tags: + - ECMAScript 2015 + - JavaScript + - Kelas +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/extends +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Classes")}}</div> + +<p>Kata kunci <strong><code>extends</code></strong> digunakan pada <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class">class declarations</a> atau <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/class">class expressions</a> untuk membuat sebuah class yang merupakan turunan dari class lain.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/classes-extends.html", "taller")}}</div> + +<p class="hidden">Sumber kode dari contoh interaktif ini disimpan di repositori GitHub. Jika Anda tertarik untuk berkontribusi dengan proyek contoh interaktif, silahkan menduplikasi repositori <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> dan kirimkan ke kami dengan pull request.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">class ChildClass extends ParentClass { ... }</pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Kata kunci <code>extends</code> dapat digunakan untuk subclass custom classes dan built-in objects.</p> + +<p><code>.prototype</code> dari suatu ekstensi harus berupa sebuah {{jsxref("Object")}} atau {{jsxref("null")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_extends">Menggunakan <code>extends</code></h3> + +<p>Contoh pertama membuat sebuah class bernama <code>Square</code> dari kelas bernama <code>Polygon</code>. Contoh ini diambil dari <a href="https://googlechrome.github.io/samples/classes-es6/index.html">live demo</a> <a href="https://github.com/GoogleChrome/samples/blob/gh-pages/classes-es6/index.html">(source)</a>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">class Square extends Polygon { + constructor(length) { + // Disini, obyek dari Square memanggil konstruktor dari parent class dengan argumen lengths yang tersedia + // untuk width dan height pada Polygon + super(length, length); + // Catatan: Pada kelas turunan, super() harus dipanggil sebelum Anda + // dapat menggunakan 'this'. Pengabaian terhadap hal tersebut akan menyebabkan reference error. + this.name = 'Square'; + } + + get area() { + return this.height * this.width; + } +}</pre> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_extends_dengan_built-in_objects">Menggunakan <code>extends</code> dengan built-in objects</h3> + +<p>Contoh berikut mewarisi built-in {{jsxref("Date")}} object. Contoh ini diambil dari <a href="https://googlechrome.github.io/samples/classes-es6/index.html">live demo</a> <a href="https://github.com/GoogleChrome/samples/blob/gh-pages/classes-es6/index.html">(source)</a>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">class myDate extends Date { + constructor() { + super(); + } + + getFormattedDate() { + var months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']; + return this.getDate() + '-' + months[this.getMonth()] + '-' + this.getFullYear(); + } +}</pre> + +<h3 id="Extending_(Pewarisan)_null">Extending (Pewarisan) <code>null</code></h3> + +<p>Extending/pewarisan dari {{jsxref("null")}} bekerja layaknya seperti normal class, dengan pengecualian prototype object tidak mewarisi dari {{jsxref("Object.prototype")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">class nullExtends extends null { + constructor() {} +} + +Object.getPrototypeOf(nullExtends); // Function.prototype +Object.getPrototypeOf(nullExtends.prototype) // null + +new nullExtends(); //ReferenceError: this is not defined +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-class-definitions', 'extends')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'extends')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_peramban">Kompatibilitas peramban</h2> + +<div class="hidden">Tabel kompatibilitas pada halaman ini hasil pengolahan dari data terstruktur. Jika Anda tertarik untuk berkontribusi pada data, Silahkan cek <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> dan kirimkan kami pull request.</div> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.classes.extends")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Cek_juga">Cek juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes">Classes</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/super">super</a></li> + <li><a href="https://medium.com/beginners-guide-to-mobile-web-development/super-and-extends-in-javascript-es6-understanding-the-tough-parts-6120372d3420">Anurag Majumdar - Super & Extends in JavaScript</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3a8a71f562 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/classes/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,383 @@ +--- +title: Classes +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes +tags: + - Classes + - Constructors + - ECMAScript6 + - Inheritance + - Intermediate + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes +--- +<div>{{JsSidebar("Classes")}}</div> + +<p>Kelas di JavaScript diperkenalkan pada ECMAScript 6 seperti pemanis dari prototype-based JavaScript yang sudah ada. Syntax dari kelas tidak menggunakan model object-oriented inheritance yang baru. JavaScript kelas menyediakan syntax yang lebih sederhana dan rapi untuk membuat object-object dan mengatasi / dealing dengan turunan / inheritance.</p> + +<h2 id="Definisi_kelas">Definisi kelas</h2> + +<p>Kelas seperti "fungsi istimewa", dan seperti kamu bisa mendeklarasikan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/function">ekspresi fungsi </a>(function expressions) dan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function">deklarasi fungsi </a> (function declarations), syntax kelas sendiri mempunyai dua komponen: <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/class">ekspresi kelas</a> (class expressions) dan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class">deklarasi kelas</a> (class declarations).</p> + +<h3 id="Deklarasi_Kelas">Deklarasi Kelas</h3> + +<p>Salah satu cara untuk mendefinisikan kelas adalah dengan menggunakan <strong>class declaration / deklarasi kelas</strong>. Untuk mendeklarasikan kelas, kamu bisa menggunakan kata kunci <code>class</code> sebagai contoh class "Polygon" di bawah ini.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class Polygon { + constructor(height, width) { + this.height = height; + this.width = width; + } +}</pre> + +<h4 id="Hoisting">Hoisting</h4> + +<p>Perbedaan penting antara <strong>deklarasi</strong><strong> f</strong><strong>ungsi</strong><strong> </strong>(function declarations)<strong> </strong>dan<strong> </strong><strong>deklarasi</strong><strong> kelas</strong> (class declarations) adalah deklarasi fungsi {{Glossary("Hoisting", "hoisted")}} dan deklarasi class tidak. Pertama-tama k<span style="background-color: #f6d5d9;">amu </span>harus mendeklarasikan kelas dan mengaksesnya, jika tidak maka kode seperti berikut akan menampilkan {{jsxref("ReferenceError")}}:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad notranslate">var p = new Polygon(); // ReferenceError + +class Polygon {} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Ekspresi_Kelas">Ekspresi Kelas</h3> + +<p><strong>Ekspresi kelas </strong>(class expression) adalah cara lain untuk mendefinisikan sebuah class. Class expression bisa bernama ataupun tidak. Nama yang diberikan berbentuk lokal berada di body class.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">// unnamed +var Polygon = class { + constructor(height, width) { + this.height = height; + this.width = width; + } +}; + +// named +var Polygon = class Polygon { + constructor(height, width) { + this.height = height; + this.width = width; + } +}; +</pre> + +<p><strong>Catatan:</strong> <strong>Ekspresi </strong>kelas (Class expressions) juga mempunyai masalah yang sama terkait hoisting seperti pada <strong>Deklarasi kelas</strong> (Class declarations).</p> + +<h2 id="Tubuh_Kelas_class_body_and_definisi_metode">Tubuh Kelas (class body) and definisi metode</h2> + +<p>Tubuh atau body sebuah kelas berada didalam kurung {}. Disitu kamu dapat mendefinisikan isi kelas seperti method atau konstruktor.</p> + +<h3 id="Strict_mode">Strict mode</h3> + +<p>Body atau bagian badan dari <em>kelas deklarasi</em> dan <em>kelas ekspresi</em> di eksekusi pada <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode">strict mode</a>.</p> + +<h3 id="Konstruktor">Konstruktor</h3> + +<p><code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/constructor">konstruktor</a></code> adalah metode (method) khusus untuk membuat dan inisialisasi sebuah objek yang dibuat dengan <code>class</code>. Hanya ada satu metode khusus dengan nama "konstruktor" di kelas. Sebuah {{jsxref("SyntaxError")}} akan tampil jika kelas berisi lebih dari satu method <code>constructor</code>.</p> + +<p>Sebuah konstruktor dapat digunakan keyword <code>super</code> untuk memanggil kostruktor dari kelas <em>parent</em> nya.</p> + +<h3 id="Prototipe_method">Prototipe method</h3> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Method_definitions">definisi method</a></p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class Polygon { + constructor(height, width) { + this.height = height; + this.width = width; + } + + get area() { + return this.calcArea(); + } + + calcArea() { + return this.height * this.width; + } +} + +const square = new Polygon(10, 10); + +console.log(square.area);</pre> + +<h3 id="Metode_Statis">Metode Statis</h3> + +<p>Kata kunci <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/static">statis</a></code> mendefinisikan metode statis untuk suatu kelas. Metode statis dipanggil tanpa membuat <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Introduction_to_Object-Oriented_JavaScript#The_object_(class_instance)" title='An example of class instance is "var john = new Person();"'>instance </a>kelasnya dan <strong>tidak</strong> bisa dipanggil ketika kelas tersebut dipakai. Metode statis sering digunakan untuk membuat fungsi utilitas untuk suatu aplikasi.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class Point { + constructor(x, y) { + this.x = x; + this.y = y; + } + + static distance(a, b) { + const dx = a.x - b.x; + const dy = a.y - b.y; + + return Math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy); + } +} + +const p1 = new Point(5, 5); +const p2 = new Point(10, 10); + +console.log(Point.distance(p1, p2));</pre> + +<h3 id="Mem-binding_this_dengan_prototipe_dan_metode_statis">Mem-binding <code>this</code> dengan prototipe dan metode statis</h3> + +<p>Ketika metode statis atau prototipe dipanggil tanpa objek yang bernilai "this" (atau "this" sebagai boolean, string, angka, <strong><code>tidak terdefinisi</code></strong> atau null), maka nilai "this" akan ditentukan dalam fungsi yang digunakan. Autoboxing tidak akan berjalan. Hal tersebut juga berlaku ketika kita menulis kode dalam mode non-strict.laku akan sama bahkan jika kita menulis kode dalam mode tidak ketat.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class Animal { + speak() { + return this; + } + static eat() { + return this; + } +} + +let obj = new Animal(); +let speak = obj.speak; +speak(); // undefined + +let eat = Animal.eat; +eat(); // undefined</pre> + +<p>Jika kita menulis kode diatas menggunakan fungsi tradisional berdasarkan kelas, maka autoboxing akan berjalan sesuai dengan nilai "this" pada fungsi yang dipanggil.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">function Animal() { } + +Animal.prototype.speak = function(){ + return this; +} + +Animal.eat = function() { + return this; +} + +let obj = new Animal(); +let speak = obj.speak; +speak(); // global object + +let eat = Animal.eat; +eat(); // global object +</pre> + +<h2 id="Sub_kelas_dengan_extends">Sub kelas dengan <code>extends</code></h2> + +<p><code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/extends">extends</a></code> digunakan pada <em>deklarasi kelas</em> atau <em>kelas expresi</em> untuk membuat suatu kelas sebagai turunan dari kelas lain.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class Animal { + constructor(name) { + this.name = name; + } + + speak() { + console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.'); + } +} + +class Dog extends Animal { + speak() { + console.log(this.name + ' barks.'); + } +} + +var d = new Dog('Mitzie'); +d.speak(); +</pre> + +<p>Jika terdapat constructor pada sub kelas saat ini, maka pertama dibutuhkan untuk memanggil super() sebelum menggunakan "this".</p> + +<div>Seseorang juga dapat mengextend "kelas" berbasis fungsi tradisional:</div> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">function Animal (name) { + this.name = name; +} + +Animal.prototype.speak = function () { + console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.'); +} + +class Dog extends Animal { + speak() { + console.log(this.name + ' barks.'); + } +} + +var d = new Dog('Mitzie'); +d.speak(); +</pre> + +<p>Perhatikan bahwa kelas tidak dapat di extend pada objek reguler atau biasa (non-constructible) . Jika ingin mewarisi regurel object, maka dapat menggunakan {{jsxref("Object.setPrototypeOf()")}}:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var Animal = { + speak() { + console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.'); + } +}; + +class Dog { + constructor(name) { + this.name = name; + } + speak() { + console.log(this.name + ' barks.'); + } +} + +Object.setPrototypeOf(Dog.prototype, Animal); + +var d = new Dog('Mitzie'); +d.speak(); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Species">Species</h2> + +<p>Kamu dapat mengembalikan objek {{jsxref("Array")}} di kelas array yang diturunkan <code>MyArray</code>. Pola spesies memungkinkan Kamu <em>overide</em> konstruktor default.</p> + +<p>Contohnya, ketika menggunakan method seperti {{jsxref("Array.map", "map()")}} yang mana mengembalikan konstruktor default, kamu butuh method yang dapat mengembalikan objek parent <code>Array</code>, bukan dari objek <code>MyArray</code>. Simbol {{jsxref("Symbol.species")}} memungkinkan untuk melakukan:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class MyArray extends Array { + // Overwrite species to the parent Array constructor + static get [Symbol.species]() { return Array; } +} + +var a = new MyArray(1,2,3); +var mapped = a.map(x => x * x); + +console.log(mapped instanceof MyArray); // false +console.log(mapped instanceof Array); // true +</pre> + +<h2 id="Memanggil_Kelas_Super_dengan_keyword_super">Memanggil Kelas Super dengan keyword <code>super</code></h2> + +<p>Keyword <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/super">super</a></code> digunakan untuk memanggil fungsi pada objek parent nya.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class Cat { + constructor(name) { + this.name = name; + } + + speak() { + console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.'); + } +} + +class Lion extends Cat { + speak() { + super.speak(); + console.log(this.name + ' roars.'); + } +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Mix-ins">Mix-ins</h2> + +<p>Subkelas Abstrak or <em>mix-ins </em>adalah template untuk kelas. Kelas berbasis ECMAScript hanya dapat memiliki satu superclass (Kelas super), jadi inheritence berganda dari kelas tool sebagai contohnya, itu tidak memungkinkan. Fungsionalitas harus disediakan oleh superclass.</p> + +<p>Sebuah fungsi dengan superclass sebagai inputanya dan sukelas as input and a subclass extend superclass sebagai output dapat mengimplemtasikan pada ECMAScript sebagai berikut:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var calculatorMixin = Base => class extends Base { + calc() { } +}; + +var randomizerMixin = Base => class extends Base { + randomize() { } +}; +</pre> + +<p>A class that uses these mix-ins can then be written like this:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">class Foo { } +class Bar extends calculatorMixin(randomizerMixin(Foo)) { }</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_Browser">Kompatibilitas Browser</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Edge</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}<sup>[1]</sup><br> + {{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}}</td> + <td>13</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(9.0)}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>9</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}<sup>[1]</sup><br> + {{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<p>[1] Requires strict mode. Non-strict mode support is behind the flag "Enable Experimental JavaScript", disabled by default.</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions">Functions</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class"><code>class</code> declaration</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/class"><code>class</code> expression</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/super", "super")}}</li> + <li><a href="https://hacks.mozilla.org/2015/07/es6-in-depth-classes/">Blog post: "ES6 In Depth: Classes"</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/called_on_incompatible_type/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/called_on_incompatible_type/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4fab8e8ca2 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/called_on_incompatible_type/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +--- +title: X.prototype.y called on incompatible type +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Called_on_incompatible_type +tags: + - Error + - JavaScript + - TypeError +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Called_on_incompatible_type +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Message">Message</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">TypeError: 'this' is not a Set object (EdgE) +TypeError: Function.prototype.toString called on incompatible object (Firefox) +TypeError: Function.prototype.bind called on incompatible target (Firefox) +TypeError: Method Set.prototype.add called on incompatible receiver undefined (Chrome) +TypeError: Bind must be called on a function (Chrome) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Tipe_error">Tipe error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("TypeError")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Apa_yang_salah">Apa yang salah?</h2> + +<p>Ketika error ini dilempar, suatu fungsi (dari objek yang diberikan), dipanggil dengan <code>this</code> tidak berkorespondensi ke tipe yang diharapkan fungsi tersebut.</p> + +<p>Isu ini bisa terbit ketika menggunakan metode {{jsxref("Function.prototype.call()")}} atau {{jsxref("Function.prototype.apply()")}}, dan menyediakan argumen <code>this</code> yang tak punya tipe yang diharapkan.</p> + +<p>Isu ini juga bisa terjadi ketika menyediakan fungsi yang disimpan sebagai properti suatu objek sebagai argumen fungsi lain. Dalam hal ini, objek yang menyimpan fungsi tersebut takkan menjadi target <code>this</code> target dari fungsi itu ketika dipanggil oleh fungsi lain. Untuk mengatasi isu ini, kamu harus menyediakan lambda yang membuat panggilan, ataupun menggunakan fungsi {{jsxref("Function.prototype.bind()")}} untuk memaksa argumen <code>this</code> ke objek yang diharapkan.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Kasus_tak_valid">Kasus tak valid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">var mySet = new Set; +['bar', 'baz'].forEach(mySet.add); +// mySet.add adalah fungsi, tapi "mySet" tidak dikaptur sebagai this. + +var myFun = function () { + console.log(this); +}; +['bar', 'baz'].forEach(myFun.bind); +// myFun.bind adalah fungsi, tapi "myFun" tidak dikaptur sebagai this. + +</pre> + +<h3 id="Kasus_valid">Kasus valid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">var mySet = new Set; +['bar', 'baz'].forEach(mySet.add.bind(mySet)); +// Ini berjalan karena mengikat "mySet" sebagai this. + +var myFun = function () { + console.log(this); +}; +['bar', 'baz'].forEach(x => myFun.bind(x)); +// Ini berjalan menggunakan fungsi "bind". Ia membuat lambda yang meneruskan argumen. + +</pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.call()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.apply()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.bind()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..68e7cce3df --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +--- +title: Referensi error JavaScript +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors +tags: + - JavaScript +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors +--- +<p>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</p> + +<p>Error, error dimana - mana.</p> + +<p>{{ListSubPages("/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors")}}</p> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/invalid_array_length/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/invalid_array_length/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3b7fd4e78e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/invalid_array_length/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +--- +title: 'RangeError: invalid array length' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Invalid_array_length +tags: + - Errors + - JavaScript + - RangeError +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Invalid_array_length +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Message">Message</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">RangeError: Array length must be a finite positive integer (Edge) +RangeError: invalid array length (Firefox) +RangeError: Invalid array length (Chrome) +RangeError: Invalid array buffer length (Chrome) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Tipe_error">Tipe error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("RangeError")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Apa_yang_salah">Apa yang salah?</h2> + +<p>Panjang array tak valid bisa muncul di situasi berikut:</p> + +<ul> + <li>Ketika membuat satu {{jsxref("Array")}} atau {{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}} yang punya panjang negatif atau lebih besar atau sama dengan 2<sup>32</sup>, atau</li> + <li>ketika mengeset properti {{jsxref("Array.length")}} ke nilai negatif atau lebih besar atau sama dengan 2<sup>32</sup>.</li> +</ul> + +<p>Kenapa panjang <code>Array</code> dan <code>ArrayBuffer</code> dibatasi? Properti <code>length</code> dari <code>Array</code> atau <code>ArrayBuffer</code> diwakili dengan satu unsigned 32-bit integer, yang hanya menyimpan nilai dalam kisaran dari 0 hingga 2<sup>32</sup>-1.</p> + +<p>Jika kamu membuat satu <code>Array</code>, menggunakan constructor, kamu mungkin mau memakai notasi literal saja, karena argumen pertama diinterpretasi sebagai panjang <code>Array</code>.</p> + +<p>Sebaliknya, kamu mungkin mau mengelam panjangnya sebelum mengeset properti panjangnya, atau memakainya sebagai argumen konstructor.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Kasus_tak_valid">Kasus tak valid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">new Array(Math.pow(2, 40)) +new Array(-1) +new ArrayBuffer(Math.pow(2, 32)) +new ArrayBuffer(-1) + +let a = []; +a.length = a.length - 1; // set -1 to the length property + +let b = new Array(Math.pow(2, 32) - 1); +b.length = b.length + 1; // set 2^32 to the length property +</pre> + +<h3 id="Kasus_valid">Kasus valid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">[ Math.pow(2, 40) ] // [ 1099511627776 ] +[ -1 ] // [ -1 ] +new ArrayBuffer(Math.pow(2, 32) - 1) +new ArrayBuffer(0) + +let a = []; +a.length = Math.max(0, a.length - 1); + +let b = new Array(Math.pow(2, 32) - 1); +b.length = Math.min(0xffffffff, b.length + 1); + +// 0xffffffff is the hexadecimal notation for 2^32 - 1 +// which can also be written as (-1 >>> 0) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.length")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/missing_semicolon_before_statement/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/missing_semicolon_before_statement/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..32be54e5ce --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/missing_semicolon_before_statement/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +--- +title: 'SyntaxError: missing ; before statement' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Missing_semicolon_before_statement +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Missing_semicolon_before_statement +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Pesan">Pesan</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">SyntaxError: Expected ';' (Edge) +SyntaxError: missing ; before statement (Firefox) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Tipe_error">Tipe error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("SyntaxError")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Apa_yang_Salah">Apa yang Salah?</h2> + +<p>Ada titik koma (<code>;</code>) yang hilang di suatu tempat. <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements">JavaScript statements</a> harus diakhiri dengan semicolon. Beberapa dari mereka dipengaruhi oleh <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Lexical_grammar#Automatic_semicolon_insertion">automatic semicolon insertion (ASI)</a>, tetapi dalam hal ini anda perlu memberikan titik koma, sehingga JavaScript dapat mem-parse kode sumber dengan benar.</p> + +<p>Namun, seringkali, kesalahan ini hanya merupakan konsekuensi dari kesalahan lain, seperti tidak menempatkan string dengan benar, atau menggunakan var secara salah. Ada mungkin juga memiliki terlalu banyak tanda kurung di suatu tempat. Hati-hati memeriksa sintaks ketika kesalahan ini dilemparkan.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Unescaped_strings">Unescaped strings</h3> + +<p>Kesalahan ini dapat terjadi dengan mudah ketika tidak melepaskan string dengan benar dan engine JavaScript is expecting the end of your string already. Sebagai contoh:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">var foo = 'Tom's bar'; +// SyntaxError: missing ; before statement</pre> + +<p>Anda dapat menggunakan double quotes, atau menggunakan tanda kutip dengan menambahkan backslash</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">var foo = "Tom's bar"; +var foo = 'Tom\'s bar'; +</pre> + +<h3 id="Declaring_properties_with_var">Declaring properties with var</h3> + +<p>Anda tidak dapat mendeklarasikan property dari sebuah objek atau larik(array) <code>dengan deklarasi var</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">var obj = {}; +var obj.foo = 'hi'; // SyntaxError missing ; before statement + +var array = []; +var array[0] = 'there'; // SyntaxError missing ; before statement +</pre> + +<p>Sebagai gantinya, hapus kata kunci var:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">var obj = {}; +obj.foo = 'hi'; + +var array = []; +array[0] = 'there'; +</pre> + +<h3 id="Kata_kunci_yang_buruk">Kata kunci yang buruk</h3> + +<p>Jika ada berasal dari bahasa pemrograman yang lain, itu juga umum untuk menggunakan kata kunci yang tidak berarti sama atau tidak memiliki arti sama sekali di JavaScript:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">def print(info){ + console.log(info); +}; // SyntaxError missing ; before statement</pre> + +<p>Sebagai gantinya, gunakan <code>function</code> daripada menggunakan kata kunci <code>def</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">function print(info){ + console.log(info); +};</pre> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Lexical_grammar#Automatic_semicolon_insertion">Automatic semicolon insertion (ASI)</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements">JavaScript statements</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/negative_repetition_count/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/negative_repetition_count/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0ea4bec83a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/negative_repetition_count/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: 'RangeError: repeat count must be non-negative' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Negative_repetition_count +tags: + - Errors + - JavaScript + - RangeError +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Negative_repetition_count +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Pesan">Pesan</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">RangeError: argument out of range +RangeError: repeat count must be non-negative (Firefox) +RangeError: Invalid count value (Chrome) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Tipe_error">Tipe error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("RangeError")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Apa_yang_salah">Apa yang salah?</h2> + +<p>Metode {{jsxref("String.prototype.repeat()")}} telah digunakan. Ia punya parameter <code>count</code> mengindikasikan jumlah pengulangan string. Ia harus bernilai antara 0 dan kurang dari positif {{jsxref("Infinity")}} dan tidak boleh angka negatif. Kisarannya nilai yang diperbolehkan bisa dijelaskan seperti ini: [0, +∞).</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Kasus_tak_valid">Kasus tak valid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">'abc'.repeat(-1); // RangeError </pre> + +<h3 id="Kasus_valid">Kasus valid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">'abc'.repeat(0); // '' +'abc'.repeat(1); // 'abc' +'abc'.repeat(2); // 'abcabc' +'abc'.repeat(3.5); // 'abcabcabc' (count will be converted to integer) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.repeat()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/not_a_codepoint/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/not_a_codepoint/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d3d8b2f934 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/not_a_codepoint/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +--- +title: 'RangeError: argument is not a valid code point' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Not_a_codepoint +tags: + - Errors + - JavaScript + - RangeError +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Not_a_codepoint +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Pesan">Pesan</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">RangeError: Invalid code point {0} (Edge) +RangeError: {0} is not a valid code point (Firefox) +RangeError: Invalid code point {0} (Chrome) +</pre> + +<p> </p> + +<h2 id="Tipe_error">Tipe error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("RangeError")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Apa_yang_salah">Apa yang salah?</h2> + +<p><span class="seoSummary">{{jsxref("String.fromCodePoint()")}} throws this error when passed {{jsxref("NaN")}} values, negative Integers (-1), non-Integers (5.4), or values larger than 0x10FFFF (1114111).</span></p> + +<p>Satu <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_point">poin kode</a> ialah satu nilai dalam codespace Unicode; yaitu, kisaran integer dari <code>0</code> hingga <code>0x10FFFF</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Kasus_tak_nvalid">Kasus tak nvalid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">String.fromCodePoint('_'); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(Infinity); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(-1); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(3.14); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(3e-2); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(NaN); // RangeError</pre> + +<h3 id="Kasus_valid">Kasus valid</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">String.fromCodePoint(42); // "*" +String.fromCodePoint(65, 90); // "AZ" +String.fromCodePoint(0x404); // "\u0404" +String.fromCodePoint(0x2F804); // "\uD87E\uDC04" +String.fromCodePoint(194564); // "\uD87E\uDC04" +String.fromCodePoint(0x1D306, 0x61, 0x1D307) // "\uD834\uDF06a\uD834\uDF07" +</pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.fromCodePoint()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/not_defined/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/not_defined/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d0dc93a0c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/not_defined/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +--- +title: 'ReferenceError: "x" is not defined' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Not_defined +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Not_defined +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Pesan">Pesan</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">ReferenceError: "x" is not defined +</pre> + +<h2 id="Type_Error">Type Error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("ReferenceError")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Mengapa_salah">Mengapa salah?</h2> + +<p>Tidak ditemukannya referensi variabel dimanapun. Variabel ini perlu dideklarasikan, atau anda pastikan lagi bahwa ada di dalam script atau {{Glossary("scope")}} anda.</p> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> Ketika memanggil sebuah library (seperti jQuery), pastikan memanggilnya terlebih dahulu tanda "$" sebelum mengakses variabel library. Gunakan tag {{HTMLElement("script")}} untuk memanggil library sebelum menggunakannya pada kode anda.</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Variable_tidak_dideklarasikan">Variable tidak dideklarasikan</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">foo.substring(1); // ReferenceError: foo is not defined +</pre> + +<p>Variabel "foo" tidak ditemukan dimanapun. Variabel tersebut diperlukan oleh beberapa string, agar metode {{jsxref("String.prototype.substring()")}} dapat bekerja.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">var foo = 'bar'; +foo.substring(1); // "ar"</pre> + +<h3 id="Ruang_lingkup_salah">Ruang lingkup salah</h3> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Sebuah variabel harus tersedia dalam kontek eksekusi saat ini</span></span> . Variabel yang berada di dalam sebuah <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions">fungsi</a> tidak dapat diakses dari luar fungsi, sebab sebuah variabel mepunyai batasan pada cakupan wilayah sebuah fungsi</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">function numbers() { + var num1 = 2, + num2 = 3; + return num1 + num2; +} + +console.log(num1); // ReferenceError num1 is not defined.</pre> + +<p>Dengan demikian sebuah fungsi dapat mengakses semua variabel dan fungsi lainnya yang didefinisikan di dalam cakupan dimana ia didefinisikan. Dengan kata lain, sebiah fungsi yang didefinisikan di cakupan global dapat mengakses semua variabel yang didefinisian secara global pula.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">var num1 = 2, + num2 = 3; + +function numbers() { + return num1 + num2; +} + +console.log(numbers()); // 5</pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{Glossary("Scope")}}</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Grammar_and_types#Declaring_variables">Panduan pendeklarasian variabel dalam JavaScript</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Functions#Function_scope/en-US/docs/">Panduan cakupan fungsi pada JavaScript</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/property_access_denied/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/property_access_denied/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6cbece3868 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/property_access_denied/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +--- +title: 'Error: Permission denied to access property "x"' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Property_access_denied +tags: + - Error + - Errors + - JavaScript + - Keamanan +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Property_access_denied +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Pesan">Pesan</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">Error: Permission denied to access property "x" +</pre> + +<h2 id="Tipe_error">Tipe error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("Error")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Apa_kesalahannya">Apa kesalahannya?</h2> + +<p><span class="seoSummary">Ada usaha pengaksesan objeck yang kamu belum punya ijinnya. Sepertinya elemen {{HTMLElement("iframe")}} diload dari domain berbeda yang kebijakan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Security/Same-origin_policy">same-origin policy</a>nya kamu langgar.</span></p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: html"><!DOCTYPE html> +<html> + <head> + <iframe id="myframe" src="http://www1.w3c-test.org/common/blank.html"></iframe> + <script> + onload = function() { + console.log(frames[0].document); + // Error: Permission denied to access property "document" + } + </script> + </head> + <body></body> +</html></pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{HTMLElement("iframe")}}</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Security/Same-origin_policy">Same-origin policy</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/too_much_recursion/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/too_much_recursion/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4c35bcfc83 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/errors/too_much_recursion/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +--- +title: 'InternalError: too much recursion' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Too_much_recursion +tags: + - Errors + - InternalError + - JavaScript +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Too_much_recursion +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Errors")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Pesan">Pesan</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">Error: Out of stack space (Edge) +InternalError: too much recursion (Firefox) +RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded (Chrome) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Tipe_error">Tipe error</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("InternalError")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Apa_yang_salah">Apa yang salah?</h2> + +<p>Fungsi yang memanggil dirinya sendiri disebut <em>fungsi rekursif</em>. Sekali satu kondisi telah ketemu, fungsi itu berhenti memanggil dirinya. Ini disebut <em>base case</em>.</p> + +<p>Dalam beberapa cara, rekursi analog dengan loop. Keduanya mengeksekusi kode yang sama berulang kali, dan keduanya membutuhkan satu kondisi (untuk mencegah loop tak-terbatas, atau lebih tepatnya, rekursi tak-terbatas dalam hal ini). <span class="seoSummary">Ketika panggilan fungsi terlalu banyak, atau tak ada base case dalam fungsi, JavaScript akan melempar error ini.</span></p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<p>Fungsi rekursif ini berjalan 10 kali, per kondisi exit.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function loop(x) { + if (x >= 10) // "x >= 10" is the exit condition + return; + // do stuff + loop(x + 1); // the recursive call +} +loop(0);</pre> + +<p>Mengeset kondisi ini ke nilai extrem sangat tinggi, tak akan jalan:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">function loop(x) { + if (x >= 1000000000000) + return; + // do stuff + loop(x + 1); +} +loop(0); + +// InternalError: too much recursion</pre> + +<p>Fungsi rekursif ini tak punya base case. Jika tak kondisi exit, function akan memanggil dirinya sendiri terus-terusan.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">function loop(x) { + // The base case is missing + +loop(x + 1); // Recursive call +} + +loop(0); + +// InternalError: too much recursion</pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{Glossary("Rekursi")}}</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Functions#Recursion">Fungsi rekursif</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/functions/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/functions/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..adb0d13f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/functions/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,596 @@ +--- +title: Functions +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions +tags: + - Constructor + - Function + - Functions + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Parameter + - TopicStub + - parameters +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Functions")}}</div> + +<p>Generally speaking, a function is a "subprogram" that can be <em>called</em> by code external (or internal in the case of recursion) to the function. Like the program itself, a function is composed of a sequence of statements called the <em>function body</em>. Values can be <em>passed</em> to a function, and the function will <em>return</em> a value.</p> + +<p>In JavaScript, functions are first-class objects, because they can have properties and methods just like any other object. What distinguishes them from other objects is that functions can be called. In brief, they are <code><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function">Function</a></code> objects.</p> + +<p>For more examples and explanations, see also the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Functions">JavaScript guide about functions</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>Every function in JavaScript is a <code>Function</code> object. See {{jsxref("Function")}} for information on properties and methods of <code>Function</code> objects.</p> + +<p>To return a value other than the default, a function must have a <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/return">return</a></code> statement that specifies the value to return. A function without a return statement will return a default value. In the case of a <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/constructor">constructor</a> called with the <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/new">new</a></code> keyword, the default value is the value of its <code>this</code> parameter. For all other functions, the default return value is {{jsxref("undefined")}}.</p> + +<p>The parameters of a function call are the function's <em>arguments</em>. Arguments are passed to functions <em>by value</em>. If the function changes the value of an argument, this change is not reflected globally or in the calling function. However, object references are values, too, and they are special: if the function changes the referred object's properties, that change is visible outside the function, as shown in the following example:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">/* Declare the function 'myFunc' */ +function myFunc(theObject) { + theObject.brand = "Toyota"; +} + +/* + * Declare variable 'mycar'; + * create and initialize a new Object; + * assign reference to it to 'mycar' + */ +var mycar = { + brand: "Honda", + model: "Accord", + year: 1998 +}; + +/* Logs 'Honda' */ +console.log(mycar.brand); + +/* Pass object reference to the function */ +myFunc(mycar); + +/* + * Logs 'Toyota' as the value of the 'brand' property + * of the object, as changed to by the function. + */ +console.log(mycar.brand); +</pre> + +<p>The <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/this"><code>this</code> keyword</a> does not refer to the currently executing function, so you must refer to <code>Function</code> objects by name, even within the function body.</p> + +<h2 id="Defining_functions">Defining functions</h2> + +<p>There are several ways to define functions:</p> + +<h3 id="The_function_declaration_(function_statement)">The function declaration (<code>function</code> statement)</h3> + +<p>There is a special syntax for declaring functions (see <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function">function statement</a> for details):</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">function <em>name</em>([<em>param</em>[, <em>param</em>[, ... <em>param</em>]]]) { + <em>statements</em> +} +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>name</code></dt> + <dd>The function name.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>param</code></dt> + <dd>The name of an argument to be passed to the function.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>statements</code></dt> + <dd>The statements comprising the body of the function.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="The_function_expression_(function_expression)">The function expression (<code>function</code> expression)</h3> + +<p>A function expression is similar to and has the same syntax as a function declaration (see <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/function">function expression</a> for details). A function expression may be a part of a larger expression. One can define "named" function expressions (where the name of the expression might be used in the call stack for example) or "anonymous" function expressions. Function expressions are not <em>hoisted</em> onto the beginning of the scope, therefore they cannot be used before they appear in the code.</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">function [<em>name</em>]([<em>param</em>[, <em>param</em>[, ... <em>param</em>]]]) { + <em>statements</em> +} +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>name</code></dt> + <dd>The function name. Can be omitted, in which case the function becomes known as an anonymous function.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>param</code></dt> + <dd>The name of an argument to be passed to the function.</dd> + <dt><code>statements</code></dt> + <dd>The statements comprising the body of the function.</dd> +</dl> + +<p>Here is an example of an <strong>anonymous</strong> function expression (the <code>name</code> is not used):</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFunction = function() { + statements +}</pre> + +<p>It is also possible to provide a name inside the definition in order to create a <strong>named</strong> function expression:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFunction = function namedFunction(){ + statements +} +</pre> + +<p>One of the benefits of creating a named function expression is that in case we encountered an error, the stack trace will contain the name of the function, making it easier to find the origin of the error.</p> + +<p>As we can see, both examples do not start with the <code>function</code> keyword. Statements involving functions which do not start with <code>function</code> are function expressions.</p> + +<p>When functions are used only once, a common pattern is an <a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/IIFE">IIFE (Immediately Invokable Function Expression)</a>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">(function() { + statements +})();</pre> + +<p>IIFE are function expressions that are invoked as soon as the function is declared.</p> + +<h3 id="The_generator_function_declaration_(function*_statement)">The generator function declaration (<code>function*</code> statement)</h3> + +<p>There is a special syntax for generator function declarations (see {{jsxref('Statements/function*', 'function* statement')}} for details):</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">function* <em>name</em>([<em>param</em>[, <em>param</em>[, ... <em>param</em>]]]) { + <em>statements</em> +} +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>name</code></dt> + <dd>The function name.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>param</code></dt> + <dd>The name of an argument to be passed to the function.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>statements</code></dt> + <dd>The statements comprising the body of the function.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="The_generator_function_expression_(function*_expression)">The generator function expression (<code>function*</code> expression)</h3> + +<p>A generator function expression is similar to and has the same syntax as a generator function declaration (see {{jsxref('Operators/function*', 'function* expression')}} for details):</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">function* [<em>name</em>]([<em>param</em>[, <em>param</em>[, ... <em>param</em>]]]) { + <em>statements</em> +} +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>name</code></dt> + <dd>The function name. Can be omitted, in which case the function becomes known as an anonymous function.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>param</code></dt> + <dd>The name of an argument to be passed to the function.</dd> + <dt><code>statements</code></dt> + <dd>The statements comprising the body of the function.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="The_arrow_function_expression_(>)">The arrow function expression (=>)</h3> + +<p>An arrow function expression has a shorter syntax and lexically binds its <code>this</code> value (see <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Arrow_functions">arrow functions</a> for details):</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">([param[, param]]) => { + statements +} + +param => expression +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>param</code></dt> + <dd>The name of an argument. Zero arguments need to be indicated with <code>()</code>. For only one argument, the parentheses are not required. (like <code>foo => 1</code>)</dd> + <dt><code>statements or expression</code></dt> + <dd>Multiple statements need to be enclosed in brackets. A single expression requires no brackets. The expression is also the implicit return value of the function.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="The_Function_constructor">The <code>Function</code> constructor</h3> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> Using the <code>Function</code> constructor to create functions is not recommended since it needs the function body as a string which may prevent some JS engine optimizations and can also cause other problems.</p> +</div> + +<p>As all other objects, {{jsxref("Function")}} objects can be created using the <code>new</code> operator:</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">new Function (<em>arg1</em>, <em>arg2</em>, ... <em>argN</em>, <em>functionBody</em>) +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>arg1, arg2, ... arg<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Zero or more names to be used by the function as formal parameters. Each must be a proper JavaScript identifier.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>functionBody</code></dt> + <dd>A string containing the JavaScript statements comprising the function body.</dd> +</dl> + +<p>Invoking the <code>Function</code> constructor as a function (without using the <code>new</code> operator) has the same effect as invoking it as a constructor.</p> + +<h3 id="The_GeneratorFunction_constructor">The <code>GeneratorFunction</code> constructor</h3> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> <code>GeneratorFunction</code> is not a global object, but could be obtained from generator function instance (see {{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}} for more detail).</p> +</div> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> Using the <code>GeneratorFunction</code> constructor to create functions is not recommended since it needs the function body as a string which may prevent some JS engine optimizations and can also cause other problems.</p> +</div> + +<p>As all other objects, {{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}} objects can be created using the <code>new</code> operator:</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">new GeneratorFunction (<em>arg1</em>, <em>arg2</em>, ... <em>argN</em>, <em>functionBody</em>) +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>arg1, arg2, ... arg<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Zero or more names to be used by the function as formal argument names. Each must be a string that conforms to the rules for a valid JavaScript identifier or a list of such strings separated with a comma; for example "<code>x</code>", "<code>theValue</code>", or "<code>a,b</code>".</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>functionBody</code></dt> + <dd>A string containing the JavaScript statements comprising the function definition.</dd> +</dl> + +<p>Invoking the <code>Function</code> constructor as a function (without using the <code>new</code> operator) has the same effect as invoking it as a constructor.</p> + +<h2 id="Function_parameters">Function parameters</h2> + +<h3 id="Default_parameters">Default parameters</h3> + +<p>Default function parameters allow formal parameters to be initialized with default values if no value or <code>undefined</code> is passed. For more details, see<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Default_parameters"> default parameters</a>.</p> + +<h3 id="Rest_parameters">Rest parameters</h3> + +<p>The rest parameter syntax allows representing an indefinite number of arguments as an array. For more details, see <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/rest_parameters">rest parameters</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="The_arguments_object">The <code>arguments</code> object</h2> + +<p>You can refer to a function's arguments within the function by using the <code>arguments</code> object. See <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/arguments">arguments</a>.</p> + +<ul> + <li><code><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Functions_and_function_scope/arguments">arguments</a></code>: An array-like object containing the arguments passed to the currently executing function.</li> + <li><code><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Functions_and_function_scope/arguments/callee">arguments.callee</a></code> {{Deprecated_inline}}: The currently executing function.</li> + <li><code><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Functions_and_function_scope/arguments/caller">arguments.caller</a></code> {{Obsolete_inline}} : The function that invoked the currently executing function.</li> + <li><code><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Functions_and_function_scope/arguments/length">arguments.length</a></code>: The number of arguments passed to the function.</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="Defining_method_functions">Defining method functions</h2> + +<h3 id="Getter_and_setter_functions">Getter and setter functions</h3> + +<p>You can define getters (accessor methods) and setters (mutator methods) on any standard built-in object or user-defined object that supports the addition of new properties. The syntax for defining getters and setters uses the object literal syntax.</p> + +<dl> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/get">get</a></dt> + <dd> + <p>Binds an object property to a function that will be called when that property is looked up.</p> + </dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/set">set</a></dt> + <dd>Binds an object property to a function to be called when there is an attempt to set that property.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Method_definition_syntax">Method definition syntax</h3> + +<p>Starting with ECMAScript 2015, you are able to define own methods in a shorter syntax, similar to the getters and setters. See <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Method_definitions">method definitions</a> for more information.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var obj = { + foo() {}, + bar() {} +};</pre> + +<h2 id="Constructor_vs._declaration_vs._expression">Constructor vs. declaration vs. expression</h2> + +<p>Compare the following:</p> + +<p>A function defined with the <code>Function</code> <em>constructor</em> assigned to the variable <code>multiply:</code></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var multiply = new Function('x', 'y', 'return x * y');</pre> + +<p>A <em>function declaration</em> of a function named <code>multiply</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function multiply(x, y) { + return x * y; +} // there is no semicolon here +</pre> + +<p>A <em>function expression</em> of an anonymous function assigned to the variable <code>multiply:</code></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var multiply = function(x, y) { + return x * y; +}; +</pre> + +<p>A <em>function expression</em> of a function named <code>func_name</code> assigned to the variable <code>multiply:</code></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var multiply = function func_name(x, y) { + return x * y; +}; +</pre> + +<h3 id="Differences">Differences</h3> + +<p>All do approximately the same thing, with a few subtle differences:</p> + +<p>There is a distinction between the function name and the variable the function is assigned to. The function name cannot be changed, while the variable the function is assigned to can be reassigned. The function name can be used only within the function's body. Attempting to use it outside the function's body results in an error (or <code>undefined</code> if the function name was previously declared via a <code>var</code> statement). For example:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var y = function x() {}; +alert(x); // throws an error +</pre> + +<p>The function name also appears when the function is serialized via <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/toString"><code>Function</code>'s toString method</a>.</p> + +<p>On the other hand, the variable the function is assigned to is limited only by its scope, which is guaranteed to include the scope in which the function is declared.</p> + +<p>As the 4th example shows, the function name can be different from the variable the function is assigned to. They have no relation to each other. A function declaration also creates a variable with the same name as the function name. Thus, unlike those defined by function expressions, functions defined by function declarations can be accessed by their name in the scope they were defined in:</p> + +<p>A function defined by '<code>new Function'</code> does not have a function name. However, in the <a href="/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/SpiderMonkey">SpiderMonkey</a> JavaScript engine, the serialized form of the function shows as if it has the name "anonymous". For example, <code>alert(new Function())</code> outputs:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function anonymous() { +} +</pre> + +<p>Since the function actually does not have a name, <code>anonymous</code> is not a variable that can be accessed within the function. For example, the following would result in an error:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var foo = new Function("alert(anonymous);"); +foo(); +</pre> + +<p>Unlike functions defined by function expressions or by the <code>Function</code> constructor, a function defined by a function declaration can be used before the function declaration itself. For example:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">foo(); // alerts FOO! +function foo() { + alert('FOO!'); +} +</pre> + +<p>A function defined by a function expression or by a function declaration inherits the current scope. That is, the function forms a closure. On the other hand, a function defined by a <code>Function</code> constructor does not inherit any scope other than the global scope (which all functions inherit).</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">/* + * Declare and initialize a variable 'p' (global) + * and a function 'myFunc' (to change the scope) inside which + * declare a varible with same name 'p' (current) and + * define three functions using three different ways:- + * 1. function declaration + * 2. function expression + * 3. function constructor + * each of which will log 'p' + */ +var p = 5; +function myFunc() { + var p = 9; + + function decl() { + console.log(p); + } + var expr = function() { + console.log(p); + }; + var cons = new Function('\tconsole.log(p);'); + + decl(); + expr(); + cons(); +} +myFunc(); + +/* + * Logs:- + * 9 - for 'decl' by function declaration (current scope) + * 9 - for 'expr' by function expression (current scope) + * 5 - for 'cons' by Function constructor (global scope) + */ +</pre> + +<p>Functions defined by function expressions and function declarations are parsed only once, while those defined by the <code>Function</code> constructor are not. That is, the function body string passed to the <code>Function</code> constructor must be parsed each and every time the constructor is called. Although a function expression creates a closure every time, the function body is not reparsed, so function expressions are still faster than "<code>new Function(...)</code>". Therefore the <code>Function</code> constructor should generally be avoided whenever possible.</p> + +<p>It should be noted, however, that function expressions and function declarations nested within the function generated by parsing a <code>Function constructor</code> 's string aren't parsed repeatedly. For example:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var foo = (new Function("var bar = \'FOO!\';\nreturn(function() {\n\talert(bar);\n});"))(); +foo(); // The segment "function() {\n\talert(bar);\n}" of the function body string is not re-parsed.</pre> + +<p>A function declaration is very easily (and often unintentionally) turned into a function expression. A function declaration ceases to be one when it either:</p> + +<ul> + <li>becomes part of an expression</li> + <li>is no longer a "source element" of a function or the script itself. A "source element" is a non-nested statement in the script or a function body:</li> +</ul> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = 0; // source element +if (x === 0) { // source element + x = 10; // not a source element + function boo() {} // not a source element +} +function foo() { // source element + var y = 20; // source element + function bar() {} // source element + while (y === 10) { // source element + function blah() {} // not a source element + y++; // not a source element + } +} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Examples">Examples</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">// function declaration +function foo() {} + +// function expression +(function bar() {}) + +// function expression +x = function hello() {} + + +if (x) { + // function expression + function world() {} +} + + +// function declaration +function a() { + // function declaration + function b() {} + if (0) { + // function expression + function c() {} + } +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Block-level_functions">Block-level functions</h2> + +<p>In <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode">strict mode</a>, starting with ES2015, functions inside blocks are now scoped to that block. Prior to ES2015, block-level functions were forbidden in strict mode.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'use strict'; + +function f() { + return 1; +} + +{ + function f() { + return 2; + } +} + +f() === 1; // true + +// f() === 2 in non-strict mode +</pre> + +<h3 id="Block-level_functions_in_non-strict_code">Block-level functions in non-strict code</h3> + +<p>In a word: Don't.</p> + +<p>In non-strict code, function declarations inside blocks behave strangely. For example:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (shouldDefineZero) { + function zero() { // DANGER: compatibility risk + console.log("This is zero."); + } +} +</pre> + +<p>ES2015 says that if <code>shouldDefineZero</code> is false, then <code>zero</code> should never be defined, since the block never executes. However, it's a new part of the standard. Historically, this was left unspecified, and some browsers would define <code>zero</code> whether the block executed or not.</p> + +<p>In <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode">strict mode</a>, all browsers that support ES2015 handle this the same way: <code>zero</code> is defined only if <code>shouldDefineZero</code> is true, and only in the scope of the <code>if</code>-block.</p> + +<p>A safer way to define functions conditionally is to assign a function expression to a variable:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var zero; +if (shouldDefineZero) { + zero = function() { + console.log("This is zero."); + }; +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Examples_2">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Returning_a_formatted_number">Returning a formatted number</h3> + +<p>The following function returns a string containing the formatted representation of a number padded with leading zeros.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// This function returns a string padded with leading zeros +function padZeros(num, totalLen) { + var numStr = num.toString(); // Initialize return value as string + var numZeros = totalLen - numStr.length; // Calculate no. of zeros + for (var i = 1; i <= numZeros; i++) { + numStr = "0" + numStr; + } + return numStr; +} +</pre> + +<p>The following statements call the padZeros function.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var result; +result = padZeros(42,4); // returns "0042" +result = padZeros(42,2); // returns "42" +result = padZeros(5,4); // returns "0005" +</pre> + +<h3 id="Determining_whether_a_function_exists">Determining whether a function exists</h3> + +<p>You can determine whether a function exists by using the <code>typeof</code> operator. In the following example, a test is performed to determine if the <code>window</code> object has a property called <code>noFunc</code> that is a function. If so, it is used; otherwise, some other action is taken.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js"> if ('function' === typeof window.noFunc) { + // use noFunc() + } else { + // do something else + } +</pre> + +<p>Note that in the <code>if</code> test, a reference to <code>noFunc</code> is used—there are no brackets "()" after the function name so the actual function is not called.</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-13', 'Function Definition')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-function-definitions', 'Function definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>New: Arrow functions, Generator functions, default parameters, rest parameters.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-function-definitions', 'Function definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.functions")}}</p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function", "function statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function", "function expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function* statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function*", "function* expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/Arrow_functions", "Arrow functions")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/Default_parameters", "Default parameters")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/rest_parameters", "Rest parameters")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/arguments", "Arguments object")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/get", "getter")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/set", "setter")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/Method_definitions", "Method definitions")}}</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions_and_function_scope">Functions and function scope</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/concat/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/concat/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c6a25609db --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/concat/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.concat() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/concat +tags: + - Array +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/concat +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>concat()</strong></code> mengembalikan sebuah array baru yang terdiri dari array yang dipanggil kemudian digabung dengan array dan/atau nilai yang ditambahkan pada argumen.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>var <var>array_baru</var> = <var>array_lama</var>.concat(<var>value1</var>[, <var>value2</var>[, ...[, <var>valueN</var>]]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>value<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Array dan/atau nilai untuk digabung menjadi array baru. Untuk detailnya lihat deskripsi dibawah.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p><code>concat</code> menciptakan array baru yang terdiri dari unsur - unsur dalam object yang disebut, berdasarkan urutannya, setiap argumen, elemen dari argumen tersebut(Jika argumen adalah array) atau argumennya sendiri (jika argumennya bukan array).</p> + +<p><code>concat</code> tidak mengubah <code>this</code> atau beberapa array yang tersedia sebagai argumen melainkan mengembalikan shallow copy yang berisi salinan dari elemen yang sama digabung dengan array yang asli. Elemen dari array asli disalin ke array baru sebagai berikut:</p> + +<ul> + <li>Referensi Object (bukan object sebenarnya) : <code>concat</code> menyalin referensi object ke dalam array baru. Kedua array asli dan baru merujuk pada object yang sama. Artinya, jika referensi object diubah, perubahan akan terlihat pada kedua array baru dan asli.</li> + <li>Strings and numbers (bukan {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}} dan {{jsxref("Global_Objects/Number", "Number")}} objects): <code>concat</code> menyalin nilai string dan numbers ke dalam array baru.</li> +</ul> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Catatan:</strong> Concatenating array/nilai akan membiarkan aslinya tidak tersentuh. Selanjutnya, setiap operasi pada array baru tidak akan mempengaruhi array yang asli, begitupun sebaliknya.</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggabungkan_dua_Array">Menggabungkan dua Array</h3> + +<p>Berikut kode untuk menggabunggkan dua array:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var huruf = ['a', 'b', 'c'], + angka = [1, 2, 3]; + +var hurufAngka = huruf.concat(angka); + +console.log(hurufAngka); // Hasil: ['a', 'b', 'c', 1, 2, 3] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Menggabungkan_tiga_array">Menggabungkan tiga array</h3> + +<p>Berikut kode untuk mengabungkan tiga array:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var angka1 = [1, 2, 3], + angka2 = [4, 5, 6], + angka3 = [7, 8, 9]; + +var angkaBaru = angka1.concat(angka2, angka3); + +console.log(angkaBaru); // Hasil: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Menggabungkan_nilai_ke_sebuah_array">Menggabungkan nilai ke sebuah array</h3> + +<p>Berikut kode untuk menggabungkan tiga nilai ke sebuah array :</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var huruf = ['a', 'b', 'c']; + +var hurufAngka = huruf.concat(1, [2, 3]); + +console.log(hurufAngka); +// Hasil: ['a', 'b', 'c', 1, 2, 3] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.4', 'Array.prototype.concat')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.concat', 'Array.prototype.concat')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.concat', 'Array.prototype.concat')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.7")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("5.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.push", "push")}} / {{jsxref("Array.pop", "pop")}} — menambahkan/menghapus element dari akhir array </li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.unshift", "unshift")}} / {{jsxref("Array.shift", "shift")}} — menambahkan/menghapus element dari awal array</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.splice", "splice")}} — menambahkan/menghapus element dari lokasi spesifik array</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.concat()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Symbol.isConcatSpreadable")}} – Kontrol Perataan.</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/filter/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/filter/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5c23313268 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/filter/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,244 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.filter() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/filter +tags: + - Array + - ECMAScript 5 + - JavaScript + - Metode + - Referensi + - polyfill + - purwarupa +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/filter +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Fungsi <code><strong>filter()</strong></code> membuat array baru berisi elemen yang lolos pengecekan di dalam fungsi anonim yang dikirim sebagai parameter.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var words = ["spray", "limit", "elite", "exuberant", "destruction", "present"]; + +var longWords = words.filter(function(word){ + return word.length > 6; +}); + +// Filtered array longWords is ["exuberant", "destruction", "present"] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Versi_ES6">Versi ES6</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">const words = ["spray", "limit", "elite", "exuberant", "destruction", "present"]; + +let longWords = words.filter(word => word.length > 6); + +// Filtered array longWords is ["exuberant", "destruction", "present"] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Sintaksis">Sintaksis</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>var newArray = arr</var>.filter(<var>callback</var>[, <var>thisArg</var>])</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter-parameter">Parameter-parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>callback</code></dt> + <dd>Fungsi berupa tes untuk mengecek elemen yang ada di dalam array. Kembalikan nilai <code>true</code> untuk meloloskan element, <code>false</code> untuk tidak lolos, dan dapat memiliki tiga argumen:</dd> + <dd> + <dl> + <dt><code>element</code></dt> + <dd>Elemen saat ini yang sedang diproses.</dd> + <dt><code>index</code></dt> + <dd>Nilai indeks (posisi) dari elemen yang sedang diproses.</dd> + <dt><code>array</code></dt> + <dd>Array yang memanggil fungsi <code>filter</code>.</dd> + </dl> + </dd> + <dt><code>thisArg {{Optional_inline}}</code></dt> + <dd>Opsional. Objek yang akan digunakan sebagai <code>this</code> saat mengeksekusi <code>callback</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Nilai_balikan">Nilai balikan</h3> + +<p>Array baru yang berisi elemen lolos pengecekan.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p><code>filter()</code> akan memanggil fungsi <code>callback</code> sekali untuk tiap elemen di dalam array, dan membuat array baru dari semua <a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Truthy">nilai yang dianggap true</a> dari hasil yang dikembalikan <code>callback</code>. <code>callback</code> hanya dipanggil untuk indeks dari array yang berisi sebuah nilai; fungsi tidak akan dipanggil untuk indeks yang telah dihapus atau belum diisi nilai tertentu. Elemen array yang tidak lolos tes <code>callback</code> akan dilewati dan tidak dimasukkan ke dalam array baru.</p> + +<p><code>callback</code> dapat dipanggil dengan tiga argumen:</p> + +<ol> + <li>nilai dari elemen</li> + <li>indeks dari elemen</li> + <li>objek array yang diproses</li> +</ol> + +<p>Jika parameter <code>thisArg</code> tersedia juga saat memanggil <code>filter</code>, itu akan digunakan sebagai nilai <code>this</code> di dalam <code>callback</code>. Jika tidak disediakan, maka <code>undefined</code> yang digunakan sebagai nilai <code>this</code>. Nilai <code>this</code> yang dapat digunakan dalam <code>callback</code> ditentukan dari <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/this">aturan umum penentuan <code>this</code> dalam fungsi</a>.</p> + +<p><code>filter()</code> tidak mengubah array yang memanggil fungsi ini.</p> + +<p>Kumpulan elemen yang akan diproses oleh <code>filter()</code> ditentukan sebelum pemanggilan pertama <code>callback</code>. Elemen yang ditambahkan ke array setelah pemanggilan<code>filter()</code> dimulai tidak akan diproses oleh <code>callback</code>. Jika elemen yang sudah ada dalam array berubah, atau dihapus, nilai yang digunakan dalam <code>callback</code> adalah nilai pada saat <code>filter()</code> menggunakannya; elemen yang dihapus tidak akan diproses.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menyaring_semua_nilai_kecil">Menyaring semua nilai kecil</h3> + +<p>Contoh berikut ini menggunakan <code>filter()</code> untuk membuat array yang menyaring semua nilai di bawah 10.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function isBigEnough(value) { + return value >= 10; +} + +var filtered = [12, 5, 8, 130, 44].filter(isBigEnough); +// filtered is [12, 130, 44] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Menyaring_entri_invalid_dari_JSON">Menyaring entri invalid dari JSON</h3> + +<p>Contoh berikut ini menggunakan <code>filter()</code> untuk membuat json tersaring berisi semua elemen <code>id</code> berupa angka bukan nol.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = [ + { id: 15 }, + { id: -1 }, + { id: 0 }, + { id: 3 }, + { id: 12.2 }, + { }, + { id: null }, + { id: NaN }, + { id: 'undefined' } +]; + +var invalidEntries = 0; + +function isNumber(obj) { + return obj!== undefined && typeof(obj) === 'number' && !isNaN(obj); +} + +function filterByID(item) { + if (isNumber(item.id)) { + return true; + } + invalidEntries++; + return false; +} + +var arrByID = arr.filter(filterByID); + +console.log('Filtered Array\n', arrByID); +// Filtered Array +// [{ id: 15 }, { id: -1 }, { id: 0 }, { id: 3 }, { id: 12.2 }] + +console.log('Number of Invalid Entries = ', invalidEntries); +// Number of Invalid Entries = 4 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Pencarian_dalam_array">Pencarian dalam array</h3> + +<p>Contoh berikut menggunakan <code>filter()</code> untuk menyaring isi array berdasarkan kriteria pencarian</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'grapes', 'mango', 'orange']; + +/** + * Array filters items based on search criteria (query) + */ +function filterItems(query) { + return fruits.filter(function(el) { + return el.toLowerCase().indexOf(query.toLowerCase()) > -1; + }) +} + +console.log(filterItems('ap')); // ['apple', 'grapes'] +console.log(filterItems('an')); // ['banana', 'mango', 'orange']</pre> + +<h3 id="Implementasi_ES2015">Implementasi ES2015</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">const fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'grapes', 'mango', 'orange']; + +/** + * Array filters items based on search criteria (query) + */ +const filterItems = (query) => { + return fruits.filter((el) => + el.toLowerCase().indexOf(query.toLowerCase()) > -1 + ); +} + +console.log(filterItems('ap')); // ['apple', 'grapes'] +console.log(filterItems('an')); // ['banana', 'mango', 'orange'] + +</pre> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p><code>filter()</code> ditambahkan ke standar ECMA-262 baru pada edisi ke-5; sehingga fungsi ini mungkin tidak terdapat pada semua implementasi standar. Anda dapat mengatasi hal ini dengan menambahkan kode berikut pada awalan skrip Anda, memungkinkan penggunaan <code>filter()</code> di implementasi ECMA-262 yang belum mendukung. Algoritma ini persis sepadan dengan yang dispesifikasikan dalam ECMA-262, edisi ke-5, dengan asumsi <code>fn.call</code> dievaluasi ke nilai asli dari {{jsxref("Function.prototype.bind()")}}, dan {{jsxref("Array.prototype.push()")}} memiliki nilai aslinya.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!Array.prototype.filter) + Array.prototype.filter = function(func, thisArg) { + 'use strict'; + if ( ! ((typeof func === 'Function' || typeof func === 'function') && this) ) + throw new TypeError(); + + var len = this.length >>> 0, + res = new Array(len), // preallocate array + t = this, c = 0, i = -1; + if (thisArg === undefined) + while (++i !== len) + // checks to see if the key was set + if (i in this) + if (func(t[i], i, t)) + res[c++] = t[i]; + else + while (++i !== len) + // checks to see if the key was set + if (i in this) + if (func.call(thisArg, t[i], i, t)) + res[c++] = t[i]; + + res.length = c; // shrink down array to proper size + return res; + }; +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.20', 'Array.prototype.filter')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.6.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-array.prototype.filter', 'Array.prototype.filter')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.filter', 'Array.prototype.filter')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_browser">Kompatibilitas browser</h2> + +<div> +<div class="hidden">Tabel kompatibilitas di laman ini dihasilkan dari struktur data. Jika Anda tertarik berkontribusi di dalamnya, silakan <em>check out</em> <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> dan kirim kami <em>pull request</em>.</div> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.filter")}}</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.forEach()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.every()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.some()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.reduce()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/from/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/from/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7845da9755 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/from/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ +--- +title: Array.from() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>Array.from()</strong></code> membuat sebuah instansi <code>Array</code> dari sebuah array-like atau objek iterable.</p> + +<p>Di ES6, sintaks class memungkinkan untuk subclassing diantaranya built-in dan user defined classes; hasilnya , method statik class-side seperti <code><strong>Array.from</strong></code> "diwariskan" oleh subclasses dari <code><strong>Array</strong></code> dan membuat instansi baru dari subclass, bukan <code><strong>Array</strong></code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Array.from(arrayLike[, mapFn[, thisArg]]) +</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>arrayLike</code></dt> + <dd> Array-like atau objek iterable untuk diubah menjadi array.</dd> + <dt><code>mapFn</code></dt> + <dd>Opsional. Fungsi Map untuk memanggil setiap elemen array.</dd> + <dt><code>thisArg</code></dt> + <dd>Opsional. Nilai untuk digunakan <code>this</code> ketika mengeksekusi <code>mapFn</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p><code>Array.from()</code> memungkinkan anda membuat <code>Arrays</code> dari:</p> + +<ul> + <li>Objek array-like (objek dengan peoperti <code>length</code> dan elemen yang diindex) atau</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/iterable">Objek iterable</a> (objek dimana anda bisa mengambil elemen, seperti {{jsxref("Map")}} dan {{jsxref("Set")}}).</li> +</ul> + +<p><code>Array.from()</code> memiliki parameter opsional <code>mapFn</code>, yang memungkinkan anda untuk mengeksekusi fungsi {{jsxref("Array.prototype.map", "map")}} pada setiap elemen array (atau objek subclass) yang akan dibuat. Jelasnya,<code> Array.from(obj, mapFn, thisArg)</code> sama dengan <code>Array.from(obj).map(mapFn, thisArg)</code>, kecuali dengan tidak membuat array menengah. Ini sangat penting untuk setiap subclass array, seperti <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Typed_arrays">typed arrays</a>, selama array menengah akan memiliki nilai yang terpisah agar bisa masuk ke tipe yang sesuai.</p> + +<p>Properti <code>length</code> dari method <code>from()</code> adalah 1.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Array-like object (arguments) to Array +function f() { + return Array.from(arguments); +} + +f(1, 2, 3); +// [1, 2, 3] + + +// Any iterable object... +// Set +var s = new Set(["foo", window]); +Array.from(s); +// ["foo", window] + + +// Map +var m = new Map([[1, 2], [2, 4], [4, 8]]); +Array.from(m); +// [[1, 2], [2, 4], [4, 8]] + + +// String +Array.from("foo"); +// ["f", "o", "o"] + + +// Using an arrow function as the map function to +// manipulate the elements +Array.from([1, 2, 3], x => x + x); +// [2, 4, 6] + + +// Generate a sequence of numbers +Array.from({length: 5}, (v, k) => k); +// [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] + +</pre> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p><code>Array.from</code> telah di masukkan di standar ECMA-262 pada edisi ke-6; karena itu mungkin tidak bisa digunakan pada implementasi standar lain. Anda bisa menyiasatinya dengan menambahkan kode berikut ke awal script, memungkinkan penggunaan <code>Array.from</code> pada implementasi yang aslinya tidak mendukung. Algoritma ini sama dengan yang di spesifikasikan di ECMA-262, edisi ke-6, dengan saumsi <code>Object</code> dan <code>TypeError</code> memiliki nilai tersendiri dan <code>callback.call</code> mengevaluasi nilai valur dari {{jsxref("Function.prototype.call")}}. Selain itu, sejak iterable tidak dapat di polyfill, implementasi ini tidak mendukung generik iterable seperti yang didefinisikan di edisi ke-6 di ECMA-262.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 6, 22.1.2.1 +// Reference: https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-array.from +if (!Array.from) { + Array.from = (function () { + var toStr = Object.prototype.toString; + var isCallable = function (fn) { + return typeof fn === 'function' || toStr.call(fn) === '[object Function]'; + }; + var toInteger = function (value) { + var number = Number(value); + if (isNaN(number)) { return 0; } + if (number === 0 || !isFinite(number)) { return number; } + return (number > 0 ? 1 : -1) * Math.floor(Math.abs(number)); + }; + var maxSafeInteger = Math.pow(2, 53) - 1; + var toLength = function (value) { + var len = toInteger(value); + return Math.min(Math.max(len, 0), maxSafeInteger); + }; + + // The length property of the from method is 1. + return function from(arrayLike/*, mapFn, thisArg */) { + // 1. Let C be the this value. + var C = this; + + // 2. Let items be ToObject(arrayLike). + var items = Object(arrayLike); + + // 3. ReturnIfAbrupt(items). + if (arrayLike == null) { + throw new TypeError("Array.from requires an array-like object - not null or undefined"); + } + + // 4. If mapfn is undefined, then let mapping be false. + var mapFn = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : void undefined; + var T; + if (typeof mapFn !== 'undefined') { + // 5. else + // 5. a If IsCallable(mapfn) is false, throw a TypeError exception. + if (!isCallable(mapFn)) { + throw new TypeError('Array.from: when provided, the second argument must be a function'); + } + + // 5. b. If thisArg was supplied, let T be thisArg; else let T be undefined. + if (arguments.length > 2) { + T = arguments[2]; + } + } + + // 10. Let lenValue be Get(items, "length"). + // 11. Let len be ToLength(lenValue). + var len = toLength(items.length); + + // 13. If IsConstructor(C) is true, then + // 13. a. Let A be the result of calling the [[Construct]] internal method of C with an argument list containing the single item len. + // 14. a. Else, Let A be ArrayCreate(len). + var A = isCallable(C) ? Object(new C(len)) : new Array(len); + + // 16. Let k be 0. + var k = 0; + // 17. Repeat, while k < len… (also steps a - h) + var kValue; + while (k < len) { + kValue = items[k]; + if (mapFn) { + A[k] = typeof T === 'undefined' ? mapFn(kValue, k) : mapFn.call(T, kValue, k); + } else { + A[k] = kValue; + } + k += 1; + } + // 18. Let putStatus be Put(A, "length", len, true). + A.length = len; + // 20. Return A. + return A; + }; + }()); +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.from', 'Array.from')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.from', 'Array.from')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Edge</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("45")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("32")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>9.0</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("32")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.map()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("TypedArray.from()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b052487c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ +--- +title: Array +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array +tags: + - Array + - Global Objects + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Objek JavaScript <strong><code>Array</code></strong> merupakan objek global yang berguna membangun himpunan; dimana merupakan objek level tinggi dan (seperti) daftar.</p> + +<p><strong>Membuat sebuah Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var fruits = ["Apple", "Banana"]; + +console.log(fruits.length); +// 2 +</pre> + +<p><strong>Akses (index) kedalam sebuah item Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var first = fruits[0]; +// Apple + +var last = fruits[fruits.length - 1]; +// Banana +</pre> + +<p><strong>Perulangan pada Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.forEach(function (item, index, array) { + console.log(item, index); +}); +// Apple 0 +// Banana 1 +</pre> + +<p><strong>Menambahkan elemen pada bagian akhir sebuah Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var newLength = fruits.push("Orange"); +// ["Apple", "Banana", "Orange"] +</pre> + +<p><strong>Menghapus elemen di akhir sebuah Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var last = fruits.pop(); // remove Orange (from the end) +// ["Apple", "Banana"]; +</pre> + +<p><strong>Menghapus elemen di awal sebuah Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var first = fruits.shift(); // remove Apple from the front +// ["Banana"]; +</pre> + +<p><strong>Menambahkan elemen di bagian awal sebuah Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var newLength = fruits.unshift("Strawberry") // add to the front +// ["Strawberry", "Banana"]; +</pre> + +<p><strong>Mencari (nomor) index elemen pada sebuah Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.push("Mango"); +// ["Strawberry", "Banana", "Mango"] + +var pos = fruits.indexOf("Banana"); +// 1 +</pre> + +<p><strong>Menghapus elemen berdasar posisi index</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var removedItem = fruits.splice(pos, 1); // this is how to remove an item +// ["Strawberry", "Mango"] +</pre> + +<p><strong>Menduplikat sebuah Array</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var shallowCopy = fruits.slice(); // this is how to make a copy +// ["Strawberry", "Mango"] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>[<var>element0</var>, <var>element1</var>, ..., <var>elementN</var>] +new Array(<var>element0</var>, <var>element1</var>[, ...[, <var>elementN</var>]]) +new Array(<var>arrayLength</var>)</code></pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>element<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>A JavaScript array is initialized with the given elements, except in the case where a single argument is passed to the <code>Array</code> constructor and that argument is a number (see the arrayLength parameter below).Note that this special case only applies to JavaScript arrays created with the <code>Array</code> constructor, not array literals created with the bracket syntax.</dd> + <dt><code>arrayLength</code></dt> + <dd>If the only argument passed to the <code>Array</code> constructor is an integer between 0 and 2<sup>32</sup>-1 (inclusive), this returns a new JavaScript array with length set to that number. If the argument is any other number, a {{jsxref("RangeError")}} exception is thrown.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>Arrays are list-like objects whose prototype has methods to perform traversal and mutation operations. Neither the length of a JavaScript array nor the types of its elements are fixed. Since an array's length can change at any time, and data can be stored at non-contiguous locations in the array, JavaScript arrays are not guaranteed to be dense; this depends on how the programmer chooses to use them. In general, these are convenient characteristics; but if these features are not desirable for your particular use, you might consider using typed arrays.</p> + +<p>Some people think that <a class="external" href="http://www.andrewdupont.net/2006/05/18/javascript-associative-arrays-considered-harmful/">you shouldn't use an array as an associative array</a>. In any case, you can use plain {{jsxref("Global_Objects/Object", "objects")}} instead, although doing so comes with its own caveats. See the post <a class="external" href="http://www.less-broken.com/blog/2010/12/lightweight-javascript-dictionaries.html">Lightweight JavaScript dictionaries with arbitrary keys</a> as an example.</p> + +<h3 id="Accessing_array_elements">Accessing array elements</h3> + +<p>JavaScript arrays are zero-indexed: the first element of an array is at index <code>0</code>, and the last element is at the index equal to the value of the array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property minus 1.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = ['this is the first element', 'this is the second element']; +console.log(arr[0]); // logs 'this is the first element' +console.log(arr[1]); // logs 'this is the second element' +console.log(arr[arr.length - 1]); // logs 'this is the second element' +</pre> + +<p>Array elements are object properties in the same way that <code>toString</code> is a property, but trying to access an element of an array as follows throws a syntax error, because the property name is not valid:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log(arr.0); // a syntax error +</pre> + +<p>There is nothing special about JavaScript arrays and the properties that cause this. JavaScript properties that begin with a digit cannot be referenced with dot notation; and must be accessed using bracket notation. For example, if you had an object with a property named <code>'3d'</code>, it can only be referenced using bracket notation. E.g.:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var years = [1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010]; +console.log(years.0); // a syntax error +console.log(years[0]); // works properly +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">renderer.3d.setTexture(model, 'character.png'); // a syntax error +renderer['3d'].setTexture(model, 'character.png'); // works properly +</pre> + +<p>Note that in the <code>3d</code> example, <code>'3d'</code> had to be quoted. It's possible to quote the JavaScript array indexes as well (e.g., <code>years['2']</code> instead of <code>years[2]</code>), although it's not necessary. The 2 in <code>years[2]</code> is coerced into a string by the JavaScript engine through an implicit <code>toString</code> conversion. It is for this reason that <code>'2'</code> and <code>'02'</code> would refer to two different slots on the <code>years</code> object and the following example could be <code>true</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log(years['2'] != years['02']); +</pre> + +<p>Similarly, object properties which happen to be reserved words(!) can only be accessed as string literals in bracket notation(but it can be accessed by dot notation in firefox 40.0a2 at least):</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var promise = { + 'var' : 'text', + 'array': [1, 2, 3, 4] +}; + +console.log(promise['array']); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Relationship_between_length_and_numerical_properties">Relationship between <code>length</code> and numerical properties</h3> + +<p>A JavaScript array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property and numerical properties are connected. Several of the built-in array methods (e.g., {{jsxref("Array.join", "join")}}, {{jsxref("Array.slice", "slice")}}, {{jsxref("Array.indexOf", "indexOf")}}, etc.) take into account the value of an array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property when they're called. Other methods (e.g., {{jsxref("Array.push", "push")}}, {{jsxref("Array.splice", "splice")}}, etc.) also result in updates to an array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var fruits = []; +fruits.push('banana', 'apple', 'peach'); + +console.log(fruits.length); // 3 +</pre> + +<p>When setting a property on a JavaScript array when the property is a valid array index and that index is outside the current bounds of the array, the engine will update the array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property accordingly:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits[5] = 'mango'; +console.log(fruits[5]); // 'mango' +console.log(Object.keys(fruits)); // ['0', '1', '2', '5'] +console.log(fruits.length); // 6 +</pre> + +<p>Increasing the {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.length = 10; +console.log(Object.keys(fruits)); // ['0', '1', '2', '5'] +console.log(fruits.length); // 10 +</pre> + +<p>Decreasing the {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property does, however, delete elements.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.length = 2; +console.log(Object.keys(fruits)); // ['0', '1'] +console.log(fruits.length); // 2 +</pre> + +<p>This is explained further on the {{jsxref("Array.length")}} page.</p> + +<h3 id="Creating_an_array_using_the_result_of_a_match">Creating an array using the result of a match</h3> + +<p>The result of a match between a regular expression and a string can create a JavaScript array. This array has properties and elements which provide information about the match. Such an array is returned by {{jsxref("RegExp.exec")}}, {{jsxref("String.match")}}, and {{jsxref("String.replace")}}. To help explain these properties and elements, look at the following example and then refer to the table below:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Match one d followed by one or more b's followed by one d +// Remember matched b's and the following d +// Ignore case + +var myRe = /d(b+)(d)/i; +var myArray = myRe.exec('cdbBdbsbz'); +</pre> + +<p>The properties and elements returned from this match are as follows:</p> + +<table class="fullwidth-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td class="header">Property/Element</td> + <td class="header">Description</td> + <td class="header">Example</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>input</code></td> + <td>A read-only property that reflects the original string against which the regular expression was matched.</td> + <td>cdbBdbsbz</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>index</code></td> + <td>A read-only property that is the zero-based index of the match in the string.</td> + <td>1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>[0]</code></td> + <td>A read-only element that specifies the last matched characters.</td> + <td>dbBd</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>[1], ...[n]</code></td> + <td>Read-only elements that specify the parenthesized substring matches, if included in the regular expression. The number of possible parenthesized substrings is unlimited.</td> + <td>[1]: bB<br> + [2]: d</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><code>Array.length</code></dt> + <dd>The <code>Array</code> constructor's length property whose value is 1.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.@@species", "get Array[@@species]")}}</dt> + <dd>The constructor function that is used to create derived objects.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Allows the addition of properties to all array objects.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Methods">Methods</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.from()")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a new <code>Array</code> instance from an array-like or iterable object.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.isArray()")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns true if a variable is an array, if not false.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.of()")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a new <code>Array</code> instance with a variable number of arguments, regardless of number or type of the arguments.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Array_instances"><code>Array</code> instances</h2> + +<p>All <code>Array</code> instances inherit from {{jsxref("Array.prototype")}}. The prototype object of the <code>Array</code> constructor can be modified to affect all <code>Array</code> instances.</p> + +<h3 id="Properties_2">Properties</h3> + +<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Properties')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Methods_2">Methods</h3> + +<h4 id="Mutator_methods">Mutator methods</h4> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Mutator_methods')}}</div> + +<h4 id="Accessor_methods">Accessor methods</h4> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Accessor_methods')}}</div> + +<h4 id="Iteration_methods">Iteration methods</h4> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Iteration_methods')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Array_generic_methods"><code>Array</code> generic methods</h2> + +<div class="warning"> +<p><strong>Array generics are non-standard, deprecated and will get removed near future</strong>. Note that you can not rely on them cross-browser. However, there is a <a href="https://github.com/plusdude/array-generics">shim available on GitHub</a>.</p> +</div> + +<p>Sometimes you would like to apply array methods to strings or other array-like objects (such as function {{jsxref("Functions/arguments", "arguments", "", 1)}}). By doing this, you treat a string as an array of characters (or otherwise treat a non-array as an array). For example, in order to check that every character in the variable <var>str</var> is a letter, you would write:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function isLetter(character) { + return character >= 'a' && character <= 'z'; +} + +if (Array.prototype.every.call(str, isLetter)) { + console.log("The string '" + str + "' contains only letters!"); +} +</pre> + +<p>This notation is rather wasteful and JavaScript 1.6 introduced a generic shorthand:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (Array.every(str, isLetter)) { + console.log("The string '" + str + "' contains only letters!"); +} +</pre> + +<p>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "Generics", "#String_generic_methods", 1)}} are also available on {{jsxref("String")}}.</p> + +<p>These are <strong>not</strong> part of ECMAScript standards (though the ES6 {{jsxref("Array.from()")}} can be used to achieve this). The following is a shim to allow its use in all browsers:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Assumes Array extras already present (one may use polyfills for these as well) +(function() { + 'use strict'; + + var i, + // We could also build the array of methods with the following, but the + // getOwnPropertyNames() method is non-shimable: + // Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Array).filter(function(methodName) { + // return typeof Array[methodName] === 'function' + // }); + methods = [ + 'join', 'reverse', 'sort', 'push', 'pop', 'shift', 'unshift', + 'splice', 'concat', 'slice', 'indexOf', 'lastIndexOf', + 'forEach', 'map', 'reduce', 'reduceRight', 'filter', + 'some', 'every', 'find', 'findIndex', 'entries', 'keys', + 'values', 'copyWithin', 'includes' + ], + methodCount = methods.length, + assignArrayGeneric = function(methodName) { + if (!Array[methodName]) { + var method = Array.prototype[methodName]; + if (typeof method === 'function') { + Array[methodName] = function() { + return method.call.apply(method, arguments); + }; + } + } + }; + + for (i = 0; i < methodCount; i++) { + assignArrayGeneric(methods[i]); + } +}()); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Creating_an_array">Creating an array</h3> + +<p>The following example creates an array, <code>msgArray</code>, with a length of 0, then assigns values to <code>msgArray[0]</code> and <code>msgArray[99]</code>, changing the length of the array to 100.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var msgArray = []; +msgArray[0] = 'Hello'; +msgArray[99] = 'world'; + +if (msgArray.length === 100) { + console.log('The length is 100.'); +} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Creating_a_two-dimensional_array">Creating a two-dimensional array</h3> + +<p>The following creates a chess board as a two dimensional array of strings. The first move is made by copying the 'p' in (6,4) to (4,4). The old position (6,4) is made blank.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var board = [ + ['R','N','B','Q','K','B','N','R'], + ['P','P','P','P','P','P','P','P'], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + ['p','p','p','p','p','p','p','p'], + ['r','n','b','q','k','b','n','r'] ]; + +console.log(board.join('\n') + '\n\n'); + +// Move King's Pawn forward 2 +board[4][4] = board[6][4]; +board[6][4] = ' '; +console.log(board.join('\n')); +</pre> + +<p>Here is the output:</p> + +<pre class="eval">R,N,B,Q,K,B,N,R +P,P,P,P,P,P,P,P + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , +p,p,p,p,p,p,p,p +r,n,b,q,k,b,n,r + +R,N,B,Q,K,B,N,R +P,P,P,P,P,P,P,P + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , + , , , ,p, , , + , , , , , , , +p,p,p,p, ,p,p,p +r,n,b,q,k,b,n,r +</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4', 'Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>New methods added: {{jsxref("Array.isArray")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.indexOf", "indexOf")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.lastIndexOf", "lastIndexOf")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.every", "every")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.some", "some")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.forEach", "forEach")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.map", "map")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.filter", "filter")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.reduce", "reduce")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.reduceRight", "reduceRight")}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array-objects', 'Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>New methods added: {{jsxref("Array.from")}}, {{jsxref("Array.of")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.find", "find")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.findIndex", "findIndex")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.fill", "fill")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.copyWithin", "copyWithin")}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array-objects', 'Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td>New method added: {{jsxref("Array.prototype.includes()")}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects#Indexing_object_properties">JavaScript Guide: “Indexing object properties”</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Predefined_Core_Objects#Array_Object">JavaScript Guide: “Predefined Core Objects: <code>Array</code> Object”</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Array_comprehensions">Array comprehensions</a></li> + <li><a href="https://github.com/plusdude/array-generics">Polyfill for JavaScript 1.8.5 Array Generics and ECMAScript 5 Array Extras</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript_typed_arrays">Typed Arrays</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/isarray/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/isarray/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..152b6cdfd0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/isarray/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +--- +title: Array.isArray() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/isArray +tags: + - Array + - ECMAScript5 + - polyfill +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/isArray +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>Array.isArray()</strong></code> mengembalikan nilai <code>true</code> jika objek adalah array, <code>false</code> jika bukan.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Array.isArray(<var>obj</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>obj</code></dt> + <dd>Objek yang di cek.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Baca artikel <a href="http://web.mit.edu/jwalden/www/isArray.html">“Determining with absolute accuracy whether or not a JavaScript object is an array”</a> untuk detailnya.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">// semuanya mengembalikan nilai true +Array.isArray([]); +Array.isArray([1]); +Array.isArray(new Array()); +// Sekedar fakta : Array.prototype sendiri adalah array: +Array.isArray(Array.prototype); + +// semua mengembalikan nilai false +Array.isArray(); +Array.isArray({}); +Array.isArray(null); +Array.isArray(undefined); +Array.isArray(17); +Array.isArray('Array'); +Array.isArray(true); +Array.isArray(false); +Array.isArray({ __proto__: Array.prototype }); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p>Jalankan kode berikut sebelum kode lain untuk membuat method <code>Array.isArray()</code> jika secara native tidak tersedia.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!Array.isArray) { + Array.isArray = function(arg) { + return Object.prototype.toString.call(arg) === '[object Array]'; + }; +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.3.2', 'Array.isArray')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.8.5.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.isarray', 'Array.isArray')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.isarray', 'Array.isArray')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("2.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("9")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("10.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari("5")}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("2.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/join/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/join/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8ddd3bb8ed --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/join/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,132 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.join() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/join +tags: + - Array + - Method + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/join +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>join()</strong></code> menggabungkan semua elemen dari sebuah array menjadi sebuah string.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var> = <var>arr</var>.join([<var>separator</var> = ','])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>separator</code></dt> + <dd>Opsional. Menentukan string untuk memisahkan setiap elemen array. separator dapat di konersi ke string jika diperlukan. Jika dihilangkan, elemen array akan dipisahkan dengan koma, jika separator adalah string kosong, semua elemen digabungkan tanpa karakter pemisah.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>mengonversi string dari semua elemen array dengan menggabungkannya menjadi sebuah string. Jika elemen bernilai <code>undefined</code> atau <code>null</code>, akan dikonversi menjadi string kosong.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggabungan_array_menggunakan_empat_cara_yang_berbeda">Penggabungan array menggunakan empat cara yang berbeda</h3> + +<p>Berikut merupakan contoh membuat array, dengan tiga elemen, kemudian menggabungkan array dengan empa cara berbeda : menggunakan separator default, koma dan spasi, plus dan string kosong.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var a = ['Angin', 'Air', 'Api']; +var variabel1 = a.join(); // Memberikan nilai 'Angin,Air,Api' pada variabel1 +var variabel2 = a.join(', '); // Memberikan nilai 'Angin, Air, Api' pada variabel2 +var variabel3 = a.join(' + '); // Memberikan nilai 'Angin + Air + Api' pada variabel3 +var variabel4 = a.join(''); // Memberikan nilai 'AnginAirApi' pada variabel4 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.5', 'Array.prototype.join')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.join', 'Array.prototype.join')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.join', 'Array.prototype.join')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan Dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.7")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("5.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan Dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.split()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.toString()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("TypedArray.prototype.join()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/length/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/length/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6e8e9e3ae8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/length/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ +--- +title: Array.length +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/length +tags: + - Array + - JavaScript + - Property + - Reference +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/length +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti array <code><strong>length</strong></code> merangkai atau mengembalikan angka dari sejumlah elemen pada array. berupa unsigned, 32-bit integer yang selalu lebih besar dari indeks array terbesar atau index array terakhir.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var items = ["sepatu", "kaos", "baju", "sweater"]; +items.length; + +// index terakhir "sweater" 3 +// returns 4</pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Nilai properti <code>length</code> berupa integer positif dan nilainya lebih kecil dari 2 sampai 2 pangkat 32 (2<sup>32</sup>).</p> + +<p>Anda bisa merangkai properti <code>length</code> untuk memotong array kapanpun. Ketika anda memperpanjang array dengan mengubah properti <code>length</code>, nomor dari elemen sebenarnya tidak bertambah; contoh, jika anda merangkai <code>length</code> ke 3 ketika saat ini adalah 2, array tetap berisi 2 element. Dengan begitu, properti <code>length</code> tidak selalu menunjukkan jumlah angka dari nilai yang didefinisikan pada array. Lihat juga <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array#Relationship_between_length_and_numerical_properties" title="Relationship between length and numerical properties">Hubungan antara <code>length</code> dan properti numerik</a>.</p> + +<p>{{js_property_attributes(1, 0, 0)}}</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Iterasi_pada_array">Iterasi pada array</h3> + +<p>Pada contoh, <code>numbers</code> array diiterasikan melalui nilai properti array <code>length</code>. Nilai setiap elemen kemudian dikalikan.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; +var length = numbers.length; +for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) { + numbers[i] *= 2; +} +// numbers is now [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Memendekan_array">Memendekan array</h3> + +<p>Pada contoh memendekkan array <code>numbers</code> ke panjang array 3 jika panjang array sebenarnya lebih besar dari 3.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]; + +if (numbers.length > 3) { + numbers.length = 3; +} + +console.log(numbers); // [1, 2, 3] +console.log(numbers.length); // 3 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.5.2', 'Array.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-properties-of-array-instances-length', 'Array.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-properties-of-array-instances-length', 'Array.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/of/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/of/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..49ca553133 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/of/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ +--- +title: Array.of() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/of +tags: + - Array + - JavaScript + - Method +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/of +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>Array.of()</strong></code> membuat instansi <code>Array</code> baru denganjumlah variabel argumen.</p> + +<p>Perbedaan antara <code><strong>Array.of()</strong></code> dan konstruktor <code><strong>Array</strong></code> pada penanganan argumen integer: <code><strong>Array.of(42)</strong></code> membuat sebuah array dengan sebuah elemen, <code>42</code>, sedang <code><strong>Array(42)</strong></code> membuat array dengan 42 element, yang masing - masing <code>undefined</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Array.of(<var>element0</var>[, <var>element1</var>[, ...[, <var>elementN</var>]]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>element<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Element yang digunakan untuk membuat array.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Fungsi ini merupakan bagian dari ECMAScript 6 standard. Untuk informasi lengkap lihat <a href="https://gist.github.com/rwaldron/1074126"><code>Array.of</code> and <code>Array.from</code> proposal</a> dan <a href="https://gist.github.com/rwaldron/3186576"><code>Array.of</code> polyfill</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">Array.of(1); // [1] +Array.of(1, 2, 3); // [1, 2, 3] +Array.of(undefined); // [undefined] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p>Menjalankan kode berikut sebelum kode lain membuat <code>Array.of()</code> jika secara native tidak tersedia.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!Array.of) { + Array.of = function() { + return Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + }; +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.of', 'Array.of')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.of', 'Array.of')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("25")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(39)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("25")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.from()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("TypedArray.of()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/pop/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/pop/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f8dc9f0523 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/pop/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.pop() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/pop +tags: + - Array + - JavaScript + - Method + - Prototype +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/pop +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>pop()</strong></code> menghapus elemen <strong>terakhir</strong> dari array dan mengembalikan elemen tersebut.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntaks">Syntaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>arr</var>.pop()</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>pop</code> menghapus elemen terakhir pada array dan mengembalikan nilai ke pemanggil.</p> + +<p><code>pop</code> adalah desain generic; method ini dapat berupa {{jsxref("Function.call", "called", "", 1)}} atau {{jsxref("Function.apply", "applied", "", 1)}} ke objek yang menyerupai array. Objek yang tidak memiliki properti <code>length</code> mencerminkan akhir dari urutan, properti numerik yang berbasis zero mungkin tidak memiliki makna yang berarti.</p> + +<p>jika anda menggunakan <code>pop()</code> pada array yang kosong, akan mengembalikan nilai {{jsxref("undefined")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menghapus_elemen_terakhir_pada_array">Menghapus elemen terakhir pada array</h3> + +<p>Kode berikut membuat array <code>myFish</code> yang memiliki empat elemen, kemudian menghapus elemen teakhirnya.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; + +console.log(myFish); // ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon'] + +var popped = myFish.pop(); + +console.log(myFish); // ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin' ] + +console.log(popped); // 'sturgeon'</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.6', 'Array.prototype.pop')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.pop', 'Array.prototype.pop')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.pop', 'Array.prototype.pop')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.7")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("5.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.push()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.shift()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.unshift()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.splice()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reverse/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reverse/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dca16b463e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reverse/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.reverse() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reverse +tags: + - Array + - Method +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reverse +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>reverse()</strong></code> membalikkan urutan array elemen. Elemen array pertama menjadi terakhir dan sebaliknya.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>arr</var>.reverse()</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<p>None.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>reverse</code> mengubah urutan elemen objek array, memutasi array, dan mengembalikan referensi ke array.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Membalikan_elemen_di_dalam_array">Membalikan elemen di dalam array</h3> + +<p>Pada contoh membuat array <code>myArray </code>dengan tiga elemen, kemudian membalikkan array.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myArray = ['one', 'two', 'three']; +myArray.reverse(); + +console.log(myArray) // ['three', 'two', 'one'] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.8', 'Array.prototype.reverse')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.reverse', 'Array.prototype.reverse')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.reverse', 'Array.prototype.reverse')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.7")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("5.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.join()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.sort()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("TypedArray.prototype.reverse()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/shift/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/shift/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ac20d5cd60 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/shift/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.shift() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/shift +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/shift +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>method <code><strong>shift()</strong></code> menghapus elemen <strong>pertama</strong> pada array dan mengembalikan elemen tersebut. Method ini mengubah panjang (jumlah elemen) array.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>arr</var>.shift()</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>shift</code> menghapus elemen pada index 0 dan menggeser nilai index setelahnya, kemudian mengembalikan nilai yang dihapus. Jika properti {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} bernilai 0, maka akan mengembalikan nilai {{jsxref("undefined")}}.</p> + +<p><code>shift</code> adalah desain generic; method ini dapat berupa {{jsxref("Function.call", "called", "", 1)}} atau {{jsxref("Function.apply", "applied", "", 1)}} pada objek yag menyerupai array. Objek yang tidak memiliki properti <code>length</code> akan dianggap terakhir dalam urutan, properti numerik berbasis zero mungkin tidak memiliki makna yang berarti.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menghapus_Elemen_dari_sebuah_Array">Menghapus Elemen dari sebuah Array</h3> + +<p>Kode berikut menampilkan array <code>myFish</code> sebelum dan sesudah menghapus elemen pertama. Juga menampilkan elemen yang dihapus:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'surgeon']; + +console.log('myFish sebelum: ' + myFish); +// myFish sebelum: angel,clown,mandarin,surgeon + +var shifted = myFish.shift(); + +console.log('myFish sesudah: ' + myFish); +// myFish sesudah: clown,mandarin,surgeon + +console.log('Elemen yang dihapus: ' + shifted); +// Elemen yang dihapus: angel</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.9', 'Array.prototype.shift')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.shift', 'Array.prototype.shift')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.shift', 'Array.prototype.shift')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabiltas_browser">Kompabiltas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.7")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("5.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.push()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.pop()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.unshift()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/slice/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/slice/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..44f018ba65 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/slice/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.slice() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/slice +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/slice +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>slice()</strong></code> mengembalikan sebuah salinan dangkal dari sebagian array menjadi sebuah objek array baru yang dimulai dari <code>start</code> sampai <code>end</code> (<code>end</code> tidak termasuk) dimana <code>start</code> dan <code>end</code> merupakan index dari item yang ada di array tersebut. Tidak merubah array asli.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/array-slice.html")}}</div> + +<p class="hidden">The source for this interactive demo is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive demo project, please clone <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> and send us a pull request.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox notranslate"><var>arr</var>.slice([<var>start</var>[, <var>end</var>]]) +</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code><var>start</var></code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Indeks berbasis nol untuk memulai ekstraksi.</dd> + <dd><br> + Indeks negatif dapat digunakan, menunjukkan offset dari akhir urutan.. <code>slice(-2)</code> mengekstrak dua elemen terakhir dari urutan.</dd> + <dd>Jika <code><var>start</var></code> tidak terdefinisi, <code>slice</code> memulai dari indeks ke <code>0</code>.</dd> + <dd>Jika <code><var>start</var></code> lebih besar dari indeks urutan, array kosong akan dikembalikan.</dd> + <dt><code><var>end</var></code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Indeks berbasis nol untuk mengakhiri ekstraksi. <code>slice</code> mengekstrak hingga tapi tidak termasuk <code><var>end</var></code>. Sebagai contoh, <code>slice(1,4)</code> mengekstrak elemen kedua menuju elemen ke-empat (indeks elemen 1, 2, dan 3).</dd> + <dd> + <p>Indeks negatif bisa digunakan,<br> + menunjukkan offset dari akhir urutan. <code>slice(2,-1)</code> mengekstrak elemen ketiga menuju elemen kedua-ke-terakhir dalam urutan.</p> + </dd> + <dd>Jika <code><var>end</var></code> dihillangkan, <code>slice</code> mengekstrak melalui akhir dari urutan (<code><var>arr</var>.length</code>).</dd> + <dd>Jika <code><var>end</var></code> lebih besar dari panjang urutan, <code>slice</code> mengkstrak melalui akhir urutan (<code><var>arr</var>.length</code>).</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Return_value">Return value</h3> + +<p>Array baru berisi elemen yang diekstrak.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p><code>slice</code> does not alter the original array. It returns a shallow copy of elements from the original array. Elements of the original array are copied into the returned array as follows:</p> + +<ul> + <li>For object references (and not the actual object), <code>slice</code> copies object references into the new array. Both the original and new array refer to the same object. If a referenced object changes, the changes are visible to both the new and original arrays.</li> + <li>For strings, numbers and booleans (not {{jsxref("String")}}, {{jsxref("Number")}} and {{jsxref("Boolean")}} objects), <code>slice</code> copies the values into the new array. Changes to the string, number, or boolean in one array do not affect the other array.</li> +</ul> + +<p>If a new element is added to either array, the other array is not affected.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Return_a_portion_of_an_existing_array">Return a portion of an existing array</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">let fruits = ['Banana', 'Orange', 'Lemon', 'Apple', 'Mango'] +let citrus = fruits.slice(1, 3) + +// fruits contains ['Banana', 'Orange', 'Lemon', 'Apple', 'Mango'] +// citrus contains ['Orange','Lemon'] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Using_slice">Using <code>slice</code></h3> + +<p>In the following example, <code>slice</code> creates a new array, <code>newCar</code>, from <code>myCar</code>. Both include a reference to the object <code>myHonda</code>. When the color of <code>myHonda</code> is changed to purple, both arrays reflect the change.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">// Using slice, create newCar from myCar. +let myHonda = { color: 'red', wheels: 4, engine: { cylinders: 4, size: 2.2 } } +let myCar = [myHonda, 2, 'cherry condition', 'purchased 1997'] +let newCar = myCar.slice(0, 2) + +// Display the values of myCar, newCar, and the color of myHonda +// referenced from both arrays. +console.log('myCar = ' + JSON.stringify(myCar)) +console.log('newCar = ' + JSON.stringify(newCar)) +console.log('myCar[0].color = ' + myCar[0].color) +console.log('newCar[0].color = ' + newCar[0].color) + +// Change the color of myHonda. +myHonda.color = 'purple' +console.log('The new color of my Honda is ' + myHonda.color) + +// Display the color of myHonda referenced from both arrays. +console.log('myCar[0].color = ' + myCar[0].color) +console.log('newCar[0].color = ' + newCar[0].color) +</pre> + +<p>This script writes:</p> + +<pre class="notranslate">myCar = [{color: 'red', wheels: 4, engine: {cylinders: 4, size: 2.2}}, 2, + 'cherry condition', 'purchased 1997'] +newCar = [{color: 'red', wheels: 4, engine: {cylinders: 4, size: 2.2}}, 2] +myCar[0].color = red +newCar[0].color = red +The new color of my Honda is purple +myCar[0].color = purple +newCar[0].color = purple +</pre> + +<h3 id="Array-like_objects">Array-like objects</h3> + +<p><code>slice</code> method can also be called to convert Array-like objects/collections to a new Array. You just {{jsxref("Function.prototype.bind", "bind")}} the method to the object. The {{jsxref("Functions/arguments", "arguments")}} inside a function is an example of an 'array-like object'.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">function list() { + return Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments) +} + +let list1 = list(1, 2, 3) // [1, 2, 3] +</pre> + +<p>Binding can be done with the {{jsxref("Function.prototype.call", "call()")}} method of {{jsxref("Function.prototype")}} and it can also be reduced using <code>[].slice.call(arguments)</code> instead of <code>Array.prototype.slice.call</code>.</p> + +<p>Anyway, it can be simplified using {{jsxref("Function.prototype.bind", "bind")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">let unboundSlice = Array.prototype.slice +let slice = Function.prototype.call.bind(unboundSlice) + +function list() { + return slice(arguments) +} + +let list1 = list(1, 2, 3) // [1, 2, 3]</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.slice', 'Array.prototype.slice')}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_Peramban">Kompatibilitas Peramban</h2> + + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.slice")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.splice()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.call()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.bind()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/splice/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/splice/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a0c7c1cb86 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/splice/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.splice() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/splice +tags: + - Indonesia +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/splice +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Metode <code><strong>splice()</strong></code> mengubah konten dari array dengan menghapus elemen yang ada dan/atau menambah elemen baru.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/array-splice.html")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>array</var>.splice(<var>start[</var>, <var>deleteCount[</var>, <var>item1[</var>, <var>item2[</var>, <em>...]]]]</em>) +</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>start</code></dt> + <dd>Indeks di mana untuk mulai mengubah array (dengan asal 0). Jika lebih besar dari panjang array, indeks awal sebenarnya akan diatur ke panjang array. Jika negatif, akan mulai banyak elemen dari akhir array (dengan asal -1) dan akan diset ke 0 jika nilai absolut lebih besar dari panjang array.</dd> + <dt><code>deleteCount</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Sebuah integer yang menunjukkan jumlah elemen array lama yang akan dihapus.</dd> + <dd>Jika <code>deleteCount</code> dihilangkan, atau jika nilainya lebih besar dari <code>array.length - start</code> (yaitu, jika lebih besar dari jumlah elemen yang tersisa dalam array, mulai dari <code>start</code>), maka semua elemen dari <code>start</code> sampai akhir dari array akan dihapus.</dd> + <dd>Jika <code>deleteCount</code> adalah 0 atau negatif, tidak ada elemen yang dihapus. Dalam kasus ini, Anda harus menentukan setidaknya satu elemen baru (lihat di bawah).</dd> + <dt><code>item1, item2, <em>...</em></code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Elemen yang ditambahkan ke array, <code>dimulai</code> pada indeks awal. Jika kamu tidak menentukan elemen apapun, <code>splice()</code> hanya akan menghapus elemen-elemen dari array.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Return_value">Return value</h3> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Array berisi elemen yang dihapus.</span> <span>Jika hanya satu elemen yang dihapus, array dari satu elemen dikembalikan.</span> <span>Jika tidak ada elemen yang dihapus, sebuah array kosong akan dikembalikan.</span></span></p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Jika anda menentukan elemen yang berbeda untuk disisipkan daripada nomor yang anda hapus, array akan memiliki panjang yang berbeda ketika kamu memanggilnya nanti.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Remove_0_elements_from_index_2_and_insert_drum">Remove 0 elements from index 2, and insert "drum"</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(2, 0, 'drum'); + +// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "drum", "mandarin", "sturgeon"] +// removed is [], no elements removed +</pre> + +<h3 id="Remove_1_element_from_index_3">Remove 1 element from index 3</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'drum', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(3, 1); + +// removed is ["mandarin"] +// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "drum", "sturgeon"] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Remove_1_element_from_index_2_and_insert_trumpet">Remove 1 element from index 2, and insert "trumpet"</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'drum', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(2, 1, 'trumpet'); + +// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "trumpet", "sturgeon"] +// removed is ["drum"]</pre> + +<h3 id="Remove_2_elements_from_index_0_and_insert_parrot_anemone_and_blue">Remove 2 elements from index 0, and insert "parrot", "anemone" and "blue"</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'trumpet', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(0, 2, 'parrot', 'anemone', 'blue'); + +// myFish is ["parrot", "anemone", "blue", "trumpet", "sturgeon"] +// removed is ["angel", "clown"]</pre> + +<h3 id="Remove_2_elements_from_index_2">Remove 2 elements from index 2</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['parrot', 'anemone', 'blue', 'trumpet', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(myFish.length - 3, 2); + +// myFish is ["parrot", "anemone", "sturgeon"] +// removed is ["blue", "trumpet"]</pre> + +<h3 id="Remove_1_element_from_index_-2">Remove 1 element from index -2</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(-2, 1); + +// myFish is ["angel", "clown", "sturgeon"] +// removed is ["mandarin"]</pre> + +<h3 id="Remove_all_elements_after_index_2_(incl.)">Remove all elements after index 2 (incl.)</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(2); + +// myFish is ["angel", "clown"] +// removed is ["mandarin", "sturgeon"]</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.12', 'Array.prototype.splice')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.splice', 'Array.prototype.splice')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.splice', 'Array.prototype.splice')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div> + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.splice")}}</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.push()", "push()")}} / {{jsxref("Array.prototype.pop()", "pop()")}} — add/remove elements from the end of the array</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.unshift()", "unshift()")}} / {{jsxref("Array.prototype.shift()", "shift()")}} — add/remove elements from the beginning of the array</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.concat()", "concat()")}} — returns a new array comprised of this array joined with other array(s) and/or value(s)</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/unshift/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/unshift/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4df2069f54 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/unshift/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.unshift() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/unshift +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/unshift +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>unshift()</strong></code> menambahkan satu atau lebih elemen ke indek awal array dan mengembalikan jumlah index array yang baru.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>arr</var>.unshift([<var>element1</var>[, ...[, <var>elementN</var>]]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>element<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Elemen yang akan di tambahkan di awal array.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Returns">Returns</h3> + +<p>Properti {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} baru dari objek teratas dimana method di panggil.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>unshift</code> menambahkan nilai yang diberikan ke awal objek array.</p> + +<p><code>unshift</code> biasanya generic; method ini bisa berupa {{jsxref("Function.call", "called", "", 1)}} atau {{jsxref("Function.apply", "applied", "", 1)}} ke objek menyerupai array. Objek yang tidak memiliki properti <code>length</code> mencerminkan dari serangkaian urutan, properti numerik berbasis zero kemungkinan tidak berperilaku dengan cara yang berarti.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = [1, 2]; + +arr.unshift(0); // result of call is 3, the new array length +// arr is [0, 1, 2] + +arr.unshift(-2, -1); // = 5 +// arr is [-2, -1, 0, 1, 2] + +arr.unshift([-3]); +// arr is [[-3], -2, -1, 0, 1, 2] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.13', 'Array.prototype.unshift')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.unshift', 'Array.prototype.unshift')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.unshift', 'Array.prototype.unshift')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.7")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("5.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.push()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.pop()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.shift()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/values/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/values/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dd77cc65a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/values/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.values() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/values +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/values +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>values()</code></strong> mengembalikan objek <strong><code>Array Iterator</code></strong> baru yang berisi nilai setiap index pada array.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>arr</var>.values()</pre> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Iterasi_menggunakan_for...of_loop">Iterasi menggunakan <code>for...of</code> loop</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = ['w', 'y', 'k', 'o', 'p']; +var eArr = arr.values(); +// your browser must support for..of loop +// and let-scoped variables in for loops +for (let letter of eArr) { + console.log(letter); +} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Iterasi_alternatif">Iterasi alternatif</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = ['w', 'y', 'k', 'o', 'p']; +var eArr = arr.values(); +console.log(eArr.next().value); // w +console.log(eArr.next().value); // y +console.log(eArr.next().value); // k +console.log(eArr.next().value); // o +console.log(eArr.next().value); // p +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.values', 'Array.prototype.values')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.values', 'Array.prototype.values')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("51")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(48)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>9</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("51")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(48)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.keys()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.entries()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.forEach()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.every()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.some()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/getfullyear/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/getfullyear/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..08e657aeec --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/getfullyear/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ +--- +title: Date.prototype.getFullYear() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getFullYear +tags: + - Date + - JavaScript + - Metode + - Prototype + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getFullYear +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Metode <strong><code>getFullYear()</code></strong> mengembanlikan tahun dari tanggal yang dispesifikasi, mengikuti waktu lokal.</p> + +<p>Gunakan metode ini ketimbang metode {{jsxref("Date.prototype.getYear()", "getYear()")}}.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/date-getfullyear.html")}}</div> + +<p class="hidden">Sumber untuk contoh interaktif ini disimpan di repository GitHub. Jika kamu ingin berkontribusi ke project contoh interaktif ini, silakan clone <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> dan kirimi kamu pull request.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>dateObj</var>.getFullYear()</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Nilai_kembali">Nilai kembali</h3> + +<p>Angka yang berkorespondensi ke tahuny dari tanggal yang diberikan, mengikuti waktu lokal.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Nilai yang dikembalikan oleh <code>getFullYear()</code> is an absolute number. For dates between the years 1000 and 9999, <code>getFullYear()</code> returns a four-digit number, for example, 1995. Use this function to make sure a year is compliant with years after 2000.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_getFullYear()">Menggunakan <code>getFullYear()</code></h3> + +<p>Contoh ini menggassign nilai empat-digit dari tahun saat ini ke variabel <code>year</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var today = new Date(); +var year = today.getFullYear(); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komen</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi inisial. Diimplementasi di JavaScript 1.3.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.9.5.10', 'Date.prototype.getFullYear')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-date.prototype.getfullyear', 'Date.prototype.getFullYear')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-date.prototype.getfullyear', 'Date.prototype.getFullYear')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_peramban">Kompatibilitas peramban</h2> + +<p class="hidden">Tabel kompatibilitas di laman ini digenerate dari data terstruktur. Jika kamu ingin berkontribusi ke datanya, silakan check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> dan kirimi kami pull request.</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Date.getFullYear")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.getUTCFullYear()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.setFullYear()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.getYear()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1fc6272dcf --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,261 @@ +--- +title: Date +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date +tags: + - Date + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Creates a JavaScript <strong><code>Date</code></strong> instance that represents a single moment in time. <code>Date</code> objects are based on a time value that is the number of milliseconds since 1 January, 1970 UTC.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>new Date(); +new Date(<var>value</var>); +new Date(<var>dateString</var>); +new Date(<var>year</var>, <var>month</var>[, <var>day</var>[, <var>hour</var>[, <var>minutes</var>[, <var>seconds</var>[, <var>milliseconds</var>]]]]]); +</code></pre> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> JavaScript <code>Date</code> objects can only be instantiated by calling JavaScript <code>Date</code> as a constructor: calling it as a regular function (i.e. without the {{jsxref("Operators/new", "new")}} operator) will return a string rather than a <code>Date</code> object; unlike other JavaScript object types, JavaScript <code>Date</code> objects have no literal syntax.</p> +</div> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> Where <code>Date</code> is called as a constructor with more than one argument, if values are greater than their logical range (e.g. 13 is provided as the month value or 70 for the minute value), the adjacent value will be adjusted. E.g. <code>new Date(2013, 13, 1)</code> is equivalent to <code>new Date(2014, 1, 1)</code>, both create a date for <code>2014-02-01</code> (note that the month is 0-based). Similarly for other values: <code>new Date(2013, 2, 1, 0, 70)</code> is equivalent to <code>new Date(2013, 2, 1, 1, 10)</code> which both create a date for <code>2013-03-01T01:10:00</code>.</p> +</div> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> Where <code>Date</code> is called as a constructor with more than one argument, the specifed arguments represent local time. If UTC is desired, use <code>new Date({{jsxref("Date.UTC()", "Date.UTC(...)")}})</code> with the same arguments.</p> +</div> + +<dl> + <dt><code>value</code></dt> + <dd>Integer value representing the number of milliseconds since 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC (Unix Epoch).</dd> + <dt><code>dateString</code></dt> + <dd>String value representing a date. The string should be in a format recognized by the {{jsxref("Date.parse()")}} method (<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2822#page-14">IETF-compliant RFC 2822 timestamps</a> and also a <a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-15.9.1.15">version of ISO8601</a>). + <div class="note"> + <p><strong>Note:</strong> parsing of date strings with the <code>Date</code> constructor (and <code>Date.parse</code>, they are equivalent) is strongly discouraged due to browser differences and inconsistencies.</p> + </div> + </dd> + <dt><code>year</code></dt> + <dd>Integer value representing the year. Values from 0 to 99 map to the years 1900 to 1999. See the {{anch("Example:_Two_digit_years_map_to_1900_-_1999", "example below")}}.</dd> + <dt><code>month</code></dt> + <dd>Integer value representing the month, beginning with 0 for January to 11 for December.</dd> + <dt><code>day</code></dt> + <dd>Optional. Integer value representing the day of the month.</dd> + <dt><code>hour</code></dt> + <dd>Optional. Integer value representing the hour of the day.</dd> + <dt><code>minute</code></dt> + <dd>Optional. Integer value representing the minute segment of a time.</dd> + <dt><code>second</code></dt> + <dd>Optional. Integer value representing the second segment of a time.</dd> + <dt><code>millisecond</code></dt> + <dd>Optional. Integer value representing the millisecond segment of a time.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<ul> + <li>If no arguments are provided, the constructor creates a JavaScript <code>Date</code> object for the current date and time according to system settings.</li> + <li>If at least two arguments are supplied, missing arguments are either set to 1 (if day is missing) or 0 for all others.</li> + <li>The JavaScript date is based on a time value that is milliseconds since midnight 01 January, 1970 UTC. A day holds 86,400,000 milliseconds. The JavaScript <code>Date</code> object range is -100,000,000 days to 100,000,000 days relative to 01 January, 1970 UTC.</li> + <li>The JavaScript <code>Date</code> object provides uniform behavior across platforms. The time value can be passed between systems to represent the same moment in time and if used to create a local date object, will reflect the local equivalent of the time.</li> + <li>The JavaScript <code>Date</code> object supports a number of UTC (universal) methods, as well as local time methods. UTC, also known as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), refers to the time as set by the World Time Standard. The local time is the time known to the computer where JavaScript is executed.</li> + <li>Invoking JavaScript <code>Date</code> as a function (i.e., without the {{jsxref("Operators/new", "new")}} operator) will return a string representing the current date and time.</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Date.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Allows the addition of properties to a JavaScript <code>Date</code> object.</dd> + <dt><code>Date.length</code></dt> + <dd>The value of <code>Date.length</code> is 7. This is the number of arguments handled by the constructor.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Methods">Methods</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Date.now()")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the numeric value corresponding to the current time - the number of milliseconds elapsed since 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Date.parse()")}}</dt> + <dd>Parses a string representation of a date and returns the number of milliseconds since 1 January, 1970, 00:00:00, UTC. + <div class="note"> + <p><strong>Note:</strong> Parsing of strings with <code>Date.parse</code> is strongly discouraged due to browser differences and inconsistencies.</p> + </div> + </dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Date.UTC()")}}</dt> + <dd>Accepts the same parameters as the longest form of the constructor (i.e. 2 to 7) and returns the number of milliseconds since 1 January, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="JavaScript_Date_instances">JavaScript <code>Date</code> instances</h2> + +<p>All <code>Date</code> instances inherit from {{jsxref("Date.prototype")}}. The prototype object of the <code>Date</code> constructor can be modified to affect all <code>Date</code> instances.</p> + +<h3 id="Date.prototype_Methods">Date.prototype Methods</h3> + +<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/prototype', 'Methods')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Several_ways_to_create_a_Date_object">Several ways to create a <code>Date</code> object</h3> + +<p>The following examples show several ways to create JavaScript dates:</p> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> parsing of date strings with the <code>Date</code> constructor (and <code>Date.parse</code>, they are equivalent) is strongly discouraged due to browser differences and inconsistencies.</p> +</div> + +<pre class="brush: js">var today = new Date(); +var birthday = new Date('December 17, 1995 03:24:00'); +var birthday = new Date('1995-12-17T03:24:00'); +var birthday = new Date(1995, 11, 17); +var birthday = new Date(1995, 11, 17, 3, 24, 0); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Two_digit_years_map_to_1900_-_1999">Two digit years map to 1900 - 1999</h3> + +<p>In order to create and get dates between the years 0 and 99 the {{jsxref("Date.prototype.setFullYear()")}} and {{jsxref("Date.prototype.getFullYear()")}} methods should be used.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var date = new Date(98, 1); // Sun Feb 01 1998 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (GMT) + +// Deprecated method, 98 maps to 1998 here as well +date.setYear(98); // Sun Feb 01 1998 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (GMT) + +date.setFullYear(98); // Sat Feb 01 0098 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (BST) +</pre> + +<h3 id="Calculating_elapsed_time">Calculating elapsed time</h3> + +<p>The following examples show how to determine the elapsed time between two JavaScript dates in millisconds.</p> + +<p>Due to the differing lengths of days (due to daylight saving changeover), months and years, expressing elapsed time in units greater than hours, minutes and seconds requires addressing a number of issues and should be thoroughly researched before being attempted.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// using Date objects +var start = Date.now(); + +// the event to time goes here: +doSomethingForALongTime(); +var end = Date.now(); +var elapsed = end - start; // elapsed time in milliseconds +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">// using built-in methods +var start = new Date(); + +// the event to time goes here: +doSomethingForALongTime(); +var end = new Date(); +var elapsed = end.getTime() - start.getTime(); // elapsed time in milliseconds +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">// to test a function and get back its return +function printElapsedTime(fTest) { + var nStartTime = Date.now(), + vReturn = fTest(), + nEndTime = Date.now(); + + console.log('Elapsed time: ' + String(nEndTime - nStartTime) + ' milliseconds'); + return vReturn; +} + +yourFunctionReturn = printElapsedTime(yourFunction); +</pre> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> In browsers that support the {{domxref("window.performance", "Web Performance API", "", 1)}}'s high-resolution time feature, {{domxref("Performance.now()")}} can provide more reliable and precise measurements of elapsed time than {{jsxref("Date.now()")}}.</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-date-objects', 'Date')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-date-objects', 'Date')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.9', 'Date')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [1]</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [1]</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [2]</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [1]</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [1]</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<p>[1] Some browsers can have issues when parsing dates: <a href="http://dygraphs.com/date-formats.html">3/14/2012 blog from danvk Comparing FF/IE/Chrome on Parsing Date Strings</a></p> + +<p>[2] <a href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us//library/ie/ff743760(v=vs.94).aspx">ISO8601 Date Format is not supported</a> in Internet Explorer 8, and other version can have <a href="http://dygraphs.com/date-formats.html">issues when parsing dates</a></p> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/now/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/now/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..43760a275b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/now/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +--- +title: Date.now() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/now +tags: + - Date + - JavaScript + - Method + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/now +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>Date.now()</code></strong> mengembalikan jumlah milisekon sejak 1 Januari 1970 00:00:00 UTC.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>var timeInMs = Date.now();</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<p>None.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>now()</code> mengembalikan nilaimillisekon sejak 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC hingga sekarang sebagai {{jsxref("Number")}}.</p> + +<p>Karena <code>now()</code> adalah method static dari {{jsxref("Date")}}, anda bisa menggunakannya sebagai <code>Date.now()</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p>Method ini di bakukan pada ECMA-262 5<sup>th</sup> edition. Mesin yang belum diupdate untuk mendukung method ini bisa menggunkan shim berikut:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!Date.now) { + Date.now = function now() { + return new Date().getTime(); + }; +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.9.4.4', 'Date.now')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.5.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-date.now', 'Date.now')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-date.now', 'Date.now')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("9")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("10.50")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari("4")}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{domxref("Performance.now()")}} — menyediakan timestamp dengan resolusi sub-millisekon untuk digunakan untuk mengukur performa halaman web</li> + <li>{{domxref("console.time()")}} / {{domxref("console.timeEnd()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/tojson/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/tojson/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cb951d5fa0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/tojson/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +--- +title: Date.prototype.toJSON() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/toJSON +tags: + - Date + - Method + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/toJSON +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>toJSON()</code></strong> mengembalikan string berdasarkan pada object {{jsxref("Date")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>dateObj</var>.toJSON()</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>{{jsxref("Date")}} mengacu pada titik waktu tertentu. Memanggil <code>toJSON()</code> mengembalikan nilai ke string (menggunakan {{jsxref("Date.prototype.toISOString()", "toISOString()")}}) berdasarkan nilai pada object {{jsxref("Date")}}. Method ini biasanya ditujukan, secara default, guna menserialisasi object {{jsxref("Date")}} saat serialisasi {{Glossary("JSON")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_toJSON()">Penggunaan <code>toJSON()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush:js">var jsonDate = (new Date()).toJSON(); +var backToDate = new Date(jsonDate); + +console.log(jsonDate); //2015-10-26T07:46:36.611Z +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.9.5.44', 'Date.prototype.toJSON')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi Inisial. Diimplementasikan dalam JavaScript 1.8.5.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-date.prototype.tojson', 'Date.prototype.toJSON')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-date.prototype.tojson', 'Date.prototype.toJSON')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="sect1"> </h2> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.toLocaleDateString()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.toTimeString()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.toUTCString()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/totimestring/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/totimestring/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..90ebd23e68 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/date/totimestring/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +--- +title: Date.prototype.toTimeString() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/toTimeString +tags: + - Date + - JavaScript + - Prototype + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/toTimeString +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>toTimeString()</code></strong> mengembalikan satuan waktu dari objek {{jsxref("Date")}} object dalam format yang dapat dibaca manusia.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>dateObj</var>.toTimeString()</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Instansi {{jsxref("Date")}} menunjuk pada titik waktu spesifik. Dengan memanggil {{jsxref("Date.prototype.toString()", "toString()")}} akan mengembalikan format tanggal dalam bentuk yang mudah dibaca manuasia dengan format tanggal English (Amerika). Di <a href="/en-US/docs/SpiderMonkey">SpiderMonkey</a>, Bagian tanggal terdiri dari (hari, bulan, dan tahun) di ikuti dengan waktu (Jam, menit, detik, dan waktu bagian). Terkadang kita hanya membutuhan bagian waktu dalam bentuk string; hal tersebut bisa di capai dengan menggunakan metod <code>toTimeString()</code>.</p> + +<p>Method <code>toTimeString()</code> sangatlah berguna karena berdasarkan engine (compiliant engine) yang di implementasikan <a href="/en-US/docs/ECMAScript">ECMA-262</a> mungkin string yang diperoleh akan berbeda dari {{jsxref("Date.prototype.toString()", "toString()")}} untuk objek {{jsxref("Date")}}, dengan format tergantung dari implementasi; pendekatan bagian string sederhana kemungkinan tidak sama untuk engine yang berbeda.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Dasar_penggunaan_of_toTimeString()">Dasar penggunaan of <code>toTimeString()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var d = new Date(1993, 6, 28, 14, 39, 7); + +console.log(d.toString()); // logs Wed Jul 28 1993 14:39:07 GMT-0600 (PDT) +console.log(d.toTimeString()); // logs 14:39:07 GMT-0600 (PDT) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.9.5.4', 'Date.prototype.toTimeString')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-date.prototype.totimestring', 'Date.prototype.toTimeString')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-date.prototype.totimestring', 'Date.prototype.toTimeString')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.toLocaleTimeString()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.toDateString()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.toString()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/error/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/error/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c0fc3cec6f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/error/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ +--- +title: Error +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error +tags: + - Error + - JavaScript + - Reference +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Konstruktor <strong><code>Error</code></strong> membuat sebuah objek error. Misal objek <code>Error</code> di lontarkan ketika terjadi runtime error. Objek <code>Error</code> juga dapat digunakan sebagai objek dasar dengan pengecualian yang ditentukan pengguna. Berikut untuk standard jenis built-in error.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">new Error([<var>message</var>[, <var>fileName</var>[, <var>lineNumber</var>]]])</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>message</code></dt> + <dd>Optional. Human-readable description of the error.</dd> + <dt><code>fileName</code> {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Optional. The value for the <code>fileName</code> property on the created <code>Error</code> object. Defaults to the name of the file containing the code that called the <code>Error()</code> constructor.</dd> + <dt><code>lineNumber</code> {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Optional. The value for the <code>lineNumber</code> property on the created <code>Error</code> object. Defaults to the line number containing the <code>Error()</code> constructor invocation.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>Runtime errors result in new <code>Error</code> objects being created and thrown.</p> + +<p>This page documents the use of the <code>Error</code> object itself and its use as a constructor function. For a list of properties and methods inherited by <code>Error</code> instances, see {{jsxref("Error.prototype")}}.</p> + +<h3 id="Error_types">Error types</h3> + +<p>Besides the generic <code>Error</code> constructor, there are six other core error constructors in JavaScript. For client-side exceptions, see <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Statements#Exception_Handling_Statements">Exception Handling Statements</a>.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("EvalError")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates an instance representing an error that occurs regarding the global function {{jsxref("Global_Objects/eval", "eval()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("InternalError")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Creates an instance representing an error that occurs when an internal error in the JavaScript engine is thrown. E.g. "too much recursion".</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("RangeError")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates an instance representing an error that occurs when a numeric variable or parameter is outside of its valid range.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("ReferenceError")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates an instance representing an error that occurs when de-referencing an invalid reference.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("SyntaxError")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates an instance representing a syntax error that occurs while parsing code in {{jsxref("Global_Objects/eval", "eval()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("TypeError")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates an instance representing an error that occurs when a variable or parameter is not of a valid type.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("URIError")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates an instance representing an error that occurs when {{jsxref("Global_Objects/encodeURI", "encodeURI()")}} or {{jsxref("Global_Objects/decodeURI", "decodeURI()")}} are passed invalid parameters.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Error.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Allows the addition of properties to <code>Error</code> instances.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Methods">Methods</h2> + +<p>The global <code>Error</code> object contains no methods of its own, however, it does inherit some methods through the prototype chain.</p> + +<h2 id="Error_instances"><code>Error</code> instances</h2> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/prototype', 'Description')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Properties_2">Properties</h3> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/prototype', 'Properties')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Methods_2">Methods</h3> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/prototype', 'Methods')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Throwing_a_generic_error">Throwing a generic error</h3> + +<p>Usually you create an <code>Error</code> object with the intention of raising it using the {{jsxref("Statements/throw", "throw")}} keyword. You can handle the error using the {{jsxref("Statements/try...catch", "try...catch")}} construct:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">try { + throw new Error('Whoops!'); +} catch (e) { + console.log(e.name + ': ' + e.message); +} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Handling_a_specific_error">Handling a specific error</h3> + +<p>You can choose to handle only specific error types by testing the error type with the error's {{jsxref("Object.prototype.constructor", "constructor")}} property or, if you're writing for modern JavaScript engines, {{jsxref("Operators/instanceof", "instanceof")}} keyword:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">try { + foo.bar(); +} catch (e) { + if (e instanceof EvalError) { + console.log(e.name + ': ' + e.message); + } else if (e instanceof RangeError) { + console.log(e.name + ': ' + e.message); + } + // ... etc +} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Custom_Error_Types">Custom Error Types</h3> + +<p>You might want to define your own error types deriving from <code>Error</code> to be able to <code>throw new MyError()</code> and use <code>instanceof MyError</code> to check the kind of error in the exception handler. The common way to do this is demonstrated below.</p> + +<div class="warning"> +<p>Note that the thrown <code>MyError</code> will report incorrect <code>lineNumber</code> and <code>fileName</code> at least in Firefox.</p> +</div> + +<p>See also the <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1382107/whats-a-good-way-to-extend-error-in-javascript">"What's a good way to extend Error in JavaScript?" discussion on Stackoverflow</a>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Create a new object, that prototypically inherits from the Error constructor +function MyError(message) { + this.name = 'MyError'; + this.message = message || 'Default Message'; + this.stack = (new Error()).stack; +} +MyError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype); +MyError.prototype.constructor = MyError; + +try { + throw new MyError(); +} catch (e) { + console.log(e.name); // 'MyError' + console.log(e.message); // 'Default Message' +} + +try { + throw new MyError('custom message'); +} catch (e) { + console.log(e.name); // 'MyError' + console.log(e.message); // 'custom message' +}</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.11', 'Error')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-error-objects', 'Error')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-error-objects', 'Error')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Error.prototype")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/throw", "throw")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/try...catch", "try...catch")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/error/name/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/error/name/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6644fff80a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/error/name/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +--- +title: Error.prototype.name +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/name +tags: + - Error + - JavaScript + - Property + - Prototype +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/name +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <code><strong>name</strong></code> menyatakan nama dari jenis error. Nilai awalnya adalah "Error".</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Secara default, misalnya {{jsxref("Error")}} diberi nama "Error". Properti <code>name</code>, sebagai tambahan utuk properti {{jsxref("Error.prototype.message", "message")}}, digunakan oleh method {{jsxref("Error.prototype.toString()")}} untuk membuat sebuah pernyataan dalam bentuk string yang menyatakan error.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_custom_error">Menggunakan custom error</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var e = new Error('Inputan tidak lengkap'); // e.name nilainya 'Error' + +e.name = 'ParseError'; +throw e; +// e.toString() akan mengembalikan 'ParseError: Inputan tidak lengkap' +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.11.4.2', 'Error.prototype.name')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-error.prototype.name', 'Error.prototype.name')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-error.prototype.name', 'Error.prototype.name')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Error.prototype.message")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Error.prototype.toString()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/displayname/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/displayname/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..952014983b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/displayname/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +--- +title: Function.displayName +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/displayName +tags: + - Function + - JavaScript + - Property +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/displayName +--- +<div>{{JSRef}} {{non-standard_header}}</div> + +<p>Properti <code><strong><em>function</em>.displayName</strong></code> mengembalikan nama fungsi.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Ketika didefinisikan, properti <code>displayName</code> mengembalikan nama dari sebuah fungsi:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function doSomething() {} + +console.log(doSomething.displayName); // "undefined" + +var popup = function(content) { console.log(content); }; + +popup.displayName = 'Show Popup'; + +console.log(popup.displayName); // "Show Popup" +</pre> + +<p>Anda bisa mendefinisikan sebuah fungsi dengan sebuah display nama di {{jsxref("Functions", "function expression", "", 1)}}:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var object = { + someMethod: function() {} +}; + +object.someMethod.displayName = 'someMethod'; + +console.log(object.someMethod.displayName); // logs "someMethod" + +try { someMethod } catch(e) { console.log(e); } +// ReferenceError: someMethod is not defined +</pre> + +<p>Anda bisa merubah <code>displayName</code> dari sebuah fungsi secara dinamis:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var object = { + // anonymous + someMethod: function(value) { + this.displayName = 'someMethod (' + value + ')'; + } +}; + +console.log(object.someMethod.displayName); // "undefined" + +object.someMethod('123') +console.log(object.someMethod.displayName); // "someMethod (123)" +</pre> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<p>Biasanya lebih banyak digunakan dengan console dan profiler melalui {{jsxref("Function.name", "func.name")}} untuk menampilkan nama function.</p> + +<p>Dengan menuliskan kode berikut, maka seharusnya akan menampilkan "<code>function My Function()</code>":</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var a = function() {}; +a.displayName = 'My Function'; + +a; // "function My Function()"</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<p>Bukan bagian dari spesifikasi.</p> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(13)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..49d1c1a114 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ +--- +title: Function +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function +tags: + - Constructor + - Function + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Konstruktor<strong><code><strong> </strong></code><code>Function</code> </strong>membuat sebuah objek <code>Function</code> baru. Di Javascript setiap fungsi adalah sebuah objek <code>Function</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>new Function ([<var>arg1</var>[, <var>arg2</var>[, ...<var>argN</var>]],] <var>functionBody</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>arg1, arg2, ... arg<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Nama yang akan digunakan oleh fungsi sebagai nama formal argumen. Masing-masing harus berupa string yang sesuai dengan identifier JavaScript yang valid atau daftar string dipisahkan dengan koma; contohnya "<code>x</code>", "<code>theValue</code>", atau "<code>a,b</code>".</dd> + <dt><code>functionBody</code></dt> + <dd>String berisi sintaks JavaScript yang terdiri dari definisi fungsi.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Objek <code> Function</code> yang dibuat dengan konstruktor <code>Function</code> diuraikan ketika fungsi dibuat. Hal tersebut kurang efisien dibandingkan dengan mendeklarasikan fungsi dengan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/function">function expression</a> atau <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function">function statement</a> dan memanggilnya dengan kode Anda, karena fungsi-fungsi tersebut diuraikan dengan sisa kode.</p> + +<p>Semua argumen yang diteruskan ke fungsi diperlakukan sebagai nama identifier parameter dalam fungsi yang akan dibuat, dalam urutan yang dilewatkan.</p> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Catatan:</strong> Fungsi dibuat dengan konstruktor <code>Function</code> jangan membuat penutup pada konteks kreasi mereka; Mereka selalu dibuat dalam ruang lingkup global. Saat menjalankannya, mereka hanya bisa mengakses variabel lokal mereka sendiri dan variabel global, bukan variabel dari ruang lingkup dimana konstruktor <code>Function</code> dipanggil. Berbeda dari menggunakan {{jsxref("eval")}} dengan kode untuk fungsi ekspresi.</p> +</div> + +<p>memanggil konstruktor <code>Function</code> sebagai sebuah fungsi (tanpa menggunakan operatur <code>baru</code>) mempunyai efek yang sama seperti memanggilnya sebagai konstruktor</p> + +<h2 id="Properti_dan_Method_Function">Properti dan Method <code>Function</code></h2> + +<p>Objek <code>Function</code> global tidak memiliki method atau properti sendiri. Namun, fungsi itu sendiri mewarisi beberapa method dan properti melalui prototipe dari {{jsxref("Function.prototype")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Objek_prototipe_Function">Objek prototipe<code> Function</code></h2> + +<h3 id="Properti">Properti</h3> + +<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/prototype', 'Properties')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Method">Method</h3> + +<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/prototype', 'Methods')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Function_instances"><code>Function</code> instances</h2> + +<p><code>Function</code> instances mewarisi method dan properti dari {{jsxref("Function.prototype")}}. Seperti halnya semua konstruktor, Anda dapat mengubah objek prototipe konstruktor untuk membuat perubahan pada semua <code>Function</code> instances.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menentukan_arguman_dengan_konstruktor_Function">Menentukan arguman dengan konstruktor <code>Function</code></h3> + +<p>Dibawah ini kode untuk membuat sebuah objek <code>Function</code> yang menggunakan dua argumen.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Contoh dapat dijalankan langsung di konsol JavaScript Anda + +// Buat fungsi yang mengambil dua argumen dan mengembalikan jumlah argumen tersebut +var adder = new Function('a', 'b', 'return a + b'); + +// Memanggil fungsi +adder(2, 6); +// > 8 +</pre> + +<p>Argumen "<code>a</code>" dan "<code>b</code>" adalah nama argumen formal yang digunakan pada function body "<code>return a + b</code>".</p> + +<h3 id="Pintasan_rekursif_untuk_memofikasi_DOM_secara_masif">Pintasan rekursif untuk memofikasi DOM secara masif</h3> + +<p>Membuat fungsi dengan konstruktor <code>Function</code> adalah salah satu cara dinamis untuk membuat objek baru dengan beberapa kode yang dapat dieksekusi ke dalam lingkup global dari suatu fungsi. Contoh berikut (pintasan rekursif untuk memodifikasi DOM secara masif) tidak dimungkinkan tanpa permintaan konstruktor <code>Function </code>untuk setiap kueri baru jika Anda ingin menghindari penutup tiap fungsi.</p> + +<pre class="brush: html"><!doctype html> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> +<title>MDN Example - a recursive shortcut to massively modify the DOM</title> +<script type="text/javascript"> +var domQuery = (function() { + var aDOMFunc = [ + Element.prototype.removeAttribute, + Element.prototype.setAttribute, + CSSStyleDeclaration.prototype.removeProperty, + CSSStyleDeclaration.prototype.setProperty + ]; + + function setSomething(bStyle, sProp, sVal) { + var bSet = Boolean(sVal), fAction = aDOMFunc[bSet | bStyle << 1], + aArgs = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1, bSet ? 3 : 2), + aNodeList = bStyle ? this.cssNodes : this.nodes; + + if (bSet && bStyle) { aArgs.push(''); } + for ( + var nItem = 0, nLen = this.nodes.length; + nItem < nLen; + fAction.apply(aNodeList[nItem++], aArgs) + ); + this.follow = setSomething.caller; + return this; + } + + function setStyles(sProp, sVal) { return setSomething.call(this, true, sProp, sVal); } + function setAttribs(sProp, sVal) { return setSomething.call(this, false, sProp, sVal); } + function getSelectors() { return this.selectors; }; + function getNodes() { return this.nodes; }; + + return (function(sSelectors) { + var oQuery = new Function('return arguments.callee.follow.apply(arguments.callee, arguments);'); + oQuery.selectors = sSelectors; + oQuery.nodes = document.querySelectorAll(sSelectors); + oQuery.cssNodes = Array.prototype.map.call(oQuery.nodes, function(oInlineCSS) { return oInlineCSS.style; }); + oQuery.attributes = setAttribs; + oQuery.inlineStyle = setStyles; + oQuery.follow = getNodes; + oQuery.toString = getSelectors; + oQuery.valueOf = getNodes; + return oQuery; + }); +})(); +</script> +</head> + +<body> + +<div class="testClass">Lorem ipsum</div> +<p>Some text</p> +<div class="testClass">dolor sit amet</div> + +<script type="text/javascript"> +domQuery('.testClass') + .attributes('lang', 'en')('title', 'Risus abundat in ore stultorum') + .inlineStyle('background-color', 'black')('color', 'white')('width', '100px')('height', '50px'); +</script> +</body> + +</html> +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.3', 'Function')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-function-objects', 'Function')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-function-objects', 'Function')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kesesuaian_Browser">Kesesuaian Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions", "Functions and function scope")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function", "function statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function", "function expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function* statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function*", "function* expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/length/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/length/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..901c11b336 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/length/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ +--- +title: Function.length +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/length +tags: + - Function + - JavaScript + - Property +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/length +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <code><strong>length</strong></code> menentukan jumlah argumen yang diharapkan oleh fungsi.</p> + +<div>{{js_property_attributes(0,0,1)}}</div> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p><code>length</code> merupakan properti dari objek fungsi, dan mengindikasikan berapa banyak argumen yang diharapkan fungsi, mis. jumlah parameter formal. Jumlah ini mengesampingkan {{jsxref("rest_parameters", "rest parameter", "", 1)}}. Sebaliknya, {{jsxref("Functions_and_function_scope/arguments/length", "arguments.length")}} adalah lokal untuk fungsi dan memberikan jumlah argumen sebenarnya ke fungsi.</p> + +<h3 id="Properti_data_dari_constructor_Function">Properti data dari constructor <code>Function</code></h3> + +<p>Construktor {{jsxref("Function")}} sendiri adalah objek {{jsxref("Function")}}. data properti <code>length</code> bernilai 1. Properti atribut: Writable: <code>false</code>, Enumerable: <code>false</code>, Configurable: <code>true</code>.</p> + +<h3 id="Properti_dari_Function_prototype_object">Properti dari <code>Function</code> prototype object</h3> + +<p>Panjang properti dari prototype objek {{jsxref("Function")}} bernilai 0.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log(Function.length); /* 1 */ + +console.log((function() {}).length); /* 0 */ +console.log((function(a) {}).length); /* 1 */ +console.log((function(a, b) {}).length); /* 2 etc. */ + +console.log((function(...args) {}).length); +// 0, rest parameter is not counted + +console.log((function(a, b = 1, c) {}).length); +// 1, only parameters before the first one with +// a default value is counted</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.3.5.1', 'Function.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-function-instances-length', 'Function.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>The <code>configurable</code> attribute of this property is now <code>true</code>.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-function-instances-length', 'Function.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Configurable: true</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(37)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Configurable: true</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(37)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Function")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/name/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/name/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1a35d62020 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/name/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ +--- +title: Function.name +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/name +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - Function + - JavaScript + - Property +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/name +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <code><strong><em>function</em>.name</strong></code> mengembalikan nama fungsi.</p> + +<div>{{js_property_attributes(0,0,1)}}</div> + +<div>Perlu di ingat bahwa ini di dalam non-standard, implementasi pre-ES6 atribut <code>configurable</code> juga <code>false</code>.</div> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Properti <code>name</code> property mengembalikan nama sebuah fungsi , atau (sebelum implementasi ES6) string kosong untuk anonymous functions:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function doSomething() {} + +console.log(doSomething.name); // logs "doSomething" +</pre> + +<p>Fungsi di buat menggunakan sintaks <code>new Function(...)</code> atau hanya <code>Function(...)</code> memiliki properti <code>name</code> di set empty string. Pada contoh anonymous functions dibuat, sehingga <code>name</code> mengembalikan empty string:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var f = function() {}; +var object = { + someMethod: function() {} +}; + +console.log(f.name == ''); // true +console.log(object.someMethod.name == ''); // also true +</pre> + +<p>Browser yang mengimplementasikan fungsi ES6 mengambil nama dari anonymous function dari posisi syntactic-nya. Contoh:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var f = function() {}; +console.log(f.name); // "f"</pre> + +<p>Anda bisa mendefinisikan sebuah fungsi dengan nama di {{jsxref("Operators/Function", "function expression", "", 1)}}:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var object = { + someMethod: function object_someMethod() {} +}; +console.log(object.someMethod.name); // logs "object_someMethod" + +try { object_someMethod } catch(e) { console.log(e); } +// ReferenceError: object_someMethod is not defined +</pre> + +<p>Anda tidak bisa mengubah nama fungsi, Properti ini hanya bisa dibaca:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var object = { + // anonymous + someMethod: function() {} +}; + +object.someMethod.name = 'someMethod'; +console.log(object.someMethod.name); // empty string, someMethod is anonymous +</pre> + +<p>Untuk mengubah, anda perlu menggunakan {{jsxref("Object.defineProperty()")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<p>Anda bisa menggunakan <code>obj.constructor.name</code> untuk memeriksa "class" dari sebuah objek:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function a() {} + +var b = new a(); + +console.log(b.constructor.name); // logs "a" +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-name', 'name')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-name', 'name')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(33.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Configurable: true</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(43.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(38)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Inferred names on anonymous functions</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(51.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}} [1]</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Android Webview</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Configurable: true</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(38)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Inferred names on anonymous functions</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(51.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}} [1]</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(51.0)}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<p>[1] See {{bug(883377)}}.</p> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/prototype/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/prototype/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d522a363e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/prototype/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ +--- +title: Function.prototype +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/prototype +tags: + - Function + - JavaScript + - Property + - Prototype +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <code><strong>Function.prototype</strong></code> mewakili objek properti {{jsxref("Function")}} .</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Objek {{jsxref("Function")}} turunan dari <code>Function.prototype</code>. <code>Function.prototype</code> tidak dapat di ubah.</p> + +<h2 id="Properti">Properti</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.arguments")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Sebuah array berdasakan argumen yang diberikan ke sebuah fungsi. Ini telah diabaikan sebagai properti dari {{jsxref("Function")}}, gunakan objek {{jsxref("Functions/arguments", "arguments")}} yang tersedia di dalam fungsi saja.</dd> + <dt><s class="obsoleteElement">{{jsxref("Function.arity")}} {{obsolete_inline}}</s></dt> + <dd><s class="obsoleteElement">Digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah argumen yang diperlukan fungsi, tapi telah dihapus. Gunakan properti {{jsxref("Function.length", "length")}}.</s></dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.caller")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan fungsi yang dipanggil oleh fungsi yang sedang dijalankan saat ini.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.length")}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan jumlah argumen yang diperlukan oleh fungsi.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.name")}}</dt> + <dd>Nama dari fungsi.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.displayName")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Tampilan nama fungsi.</dd> + <dt><code>Function.prototype.constructor</code></dt> + <dd>Menentukan fungsi yang membuat objek prototype. Lihat {{jsxref("Object.prototype.constructor")}} untuk lebih detailnya.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Method">Method</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.apply()")}}</dt> + <dd>Memanggil fungsi dan menentukan nilai <em>this</em> berdasar nilai yang diberikan, argument bisa ditambahkan sebagai objek {{jsxref("Array")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.bind()")}}</dt> + <dd>Membuat fungsi baru dimana, ketika dipanggil, memiliki <em>this</em> yang diberi nilai yang tersedia, dengan urutan tertentu sesudah nilai yang tersedia ketika fungsi di jalankan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.call()")}}</dt> + <dd>Memanggil (menjalankan) sebuah fungsi dan memberi nilai <em>this</em> dari nilai yang tersedia, argumen bisa ditambahkan sebagaimana mestinya.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.isGenerator()")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan <code>true</code> jika fungsi adalah sebuah <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Iterators_and_Generators">generator</a>; selain itu akan mengembalikan nilai <code>false</code>.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.toSource()")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan string berdasarkan kode sumber dari fungsi. Mengesampingkan method {{jsxref("Object.prototype.toSource")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Function.prototype.toString()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan string berdasarkan kode sumber dari fungsi, mengesampingkan method {{jsxref("Object.prototype.toString")}}.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.3.5.2', 'Function.prototype')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-function-instances-prototype', 'Function.prototype')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-function-instances-prototype', 'Function.prototype')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Function")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5259bde5b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ +--- +title: Global Objek +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects +tags: + - JavaScript + - Reference +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Objects")}}</div> + +<p>Pada bagian ini membahas standar javascript, objek built-in, Termasuk didalamnya method dan properti.</p> + +<div class="onlyinclude"> +<p>Istilah "Global Objek" (atau standar objek built-in)disini bukan berarti <strong>Global Objek</strong>. Disini global objek di artikan sebagai <strong>objek pada scope global</strong> (tapi hanya jika ECMAScript 5 mode strict tidak digunakan; pada kasus ini mengembalikan {{jsxref("undefined")}}). <strong>Global objek</strong> sendiri bisa di akses menggunakan operator {{jsxref("Operators/this", "this")}} pada lingkup global. Bahkan, lingkup global <strong>terdiri dari</strong> properti pada global objek, termasuk peoperti yang diwariskan, jika ada.</p> + +<p>Objek lain di lingkup global salah satunya <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects#Creating_new_objects">dibuat oleh user script</a> atau disediakan oleh aplikasi host. Objek host tersedia di konteks browser, didokumentasi di <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Reference">Referensi API</a>. Untuk informasi lengkap tentang perbedaan antara <a href="/en-US/docs/DOM/DOM_Reference">DOM</a> dan inti <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript">JavaScript</a>, lihat <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/JavaScript_technologies_overview">Gambaran teknologi javaScript</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Objek_standar_berdasarkan_kategori">Objek standar berdasarkan kategori</h2> + +<h3 id="Properti_nilai">Properti nilai</h3> + +<p>Properti global ini mengembalikan nilai simple; tidak memiliki properti ataupun method.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Infinity", "Infinity")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/NaN", "NaN")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/undefined", "undefined")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/null", "null")}} literal</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Properti_fungsi">Properti fungsi</h3> + +<p>Fungsi global—fungsi yang di panggil secara global bukan pada objek — langsung mengembalikan nilai ke pemenggil.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/eval", "eval()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/uneval", "uneval()")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/isFinite", "isFinite()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/isNaN", "isNaN()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/parseFloat", "parseFloat()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/parseInt", "parseInt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/decodeURI", "decodeURI()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/decodeURIComponent", "decodeURIComponent()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/encodeURI", "encodeURI()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/encodeURIComponent", "encodeURIComponent()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/escape", "escape()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/unescape", "unescape()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Fundamental_objek">Fundamental objek</h3> + +<p>Ini merupakan fundamental, objek dasar berdasarkan pada semua objek lain yang didasarkan. Ini termasuk objek yang mewakili objek umum, fungsi dan error.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Object", "Object")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Function", "Function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Boolean", "Boolean")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Symbol", "Symbol")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Error", "Error")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/EvalError", "EvalError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/InternalError", "InternalError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/RangeError", "RangeError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/ReferenceError", "ReferenceError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/SyntaxError", "SyntaxError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/TypeError", "TypeError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/URIError", "URIError")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Nomor_dan_tanggal">Nomor dan tanggal</h3> + +<p>Objek dasar yang mewakili angka, tanggal dan kalkulasi matematik.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Number", "Number")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math", "Math")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Date", "Date")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Pengolah_teks">Pengolah teks</h3> + +<p>Objek yang mewakili string dan dukungan untuk memanipulasinya.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/RegExp", "RegExp")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Koleksi_Index">Koleksi Index</h3> + +<p>Objek ini mewakili koleksi data berdasarkan nilai index. Ini termasuk (jenis) array dan konstruksi mirip array (array-like).</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Array", "Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Int8Array", "Int8Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Uint8Array", "Uint8Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Uint8ClampedArray", "Uint8ClampedArray")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Int16Array", "Int16Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Uint16Array", "Uint16Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Int32Array", "Int32Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Uint32Array", "Uint32Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Float32Array", "Float32Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Float64Array", "Float64Array")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Koleksi_keyed">Koleksi keyed</h3> + +<p>Objek ini merupakan koleksi yang menggunakan key; mengandung unsur yang iterable di urutan penyisipan.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Map")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Set")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakMap")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakSet")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Koleksi_vektor">Koleksi vektor</h3> + +<p>{{Glossary("SIMD")}} tipe data vector adalah objek dimana data diatur arahnya.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("SIMD")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Float32x4", "SIMD.Float32x4")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Float64x2", "SIMD.Float64x2")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Int8x16", "SIMD.Int8x16")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Int16x8", "SIMD.Int16x8")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Int32x4", "SIMD.Int32x4")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Uint8x16", "SIMD.Uint8x16")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Uint16x8", "SIMD.Uint16x8")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Uint32x4", "SIMD.Uint32x4")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Bool8x16", "SIMD.Bool8x16")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Bool16x8", "SIMD.Bool16x8")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Bool32x4", "SIMD.Bool32x4")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Bool64x2", "SIMD.Bool64x2")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Data_terstruktur">Data terstruktur</h3> + +<p>Objek ini mewakili dan berinteraksi dengan buffer data terstruktur dan data yang dikodekan menggunakan JavaScript Object Notation (JSON).</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("SharedArrayBuffer")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Atomics")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("DataView")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("JSON")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Kontrol_objek_abstraksi">Kontrol objek abstraksi </h3> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Generator")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Refleksi_(Pantulan)">Refleksi (Pantulan)</h3> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Reflect")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Proxy")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Internasionalisasi">Internasionalisasi</h3> + +<p>Penambahan inti ECMAScript untuk fungsi bahasa-sensitif.</p> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Intl")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Collator", "Intl.Collator")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/DateTimeFormat", "Intl.DateTimeFormat")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/NumberFormat", "Intl.NumberFormat")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Objek_Non-standar">Objek Non-standar</h3> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Iterator")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("ParallelArray")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("StopIteration")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Lainnya">Lainnya</h3> + +<ul> + <li><code><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/arguments">arguments</a></code></li> +</ul> +</div> + +<p> </p> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/isnan/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/isnan/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b7a6774528 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/isnan/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ +--- +title: isNaN() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/isNaN +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/isNaN +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Objects")}}</div> + +<p>Fungsi <code><strong>isNaN()</strong></code> menentukan apakah nilai adalah sebuah {{jsxref("NaN")}} atau bukan. Catatan: pemaksaan pada fungsi <code>isNaN</code> memiliki aturan yang <a href="#Description">menarik</a>. Anda mungkin ingin menggunakan {{jsxref("Number.isNaN()")}}, <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>seperti yang didefinisikan dalam ECMAScript 2015.</span></span></p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>isNaN(v<em>alue</em>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>value</code></dt> + <dd>Nilai yang akan di uji.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Return_value">Return value</h3> + +<p><strong><code>true</code></strong> Jika nilai yang di uji adalah {{jsxref("NaN")}}; jika tidak, <strong><code>false</code></strong>.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<h3 id="Kebutuhan_akan_fungsi_isNaN">Kebutuhan akan fungsi <code>isNaN</code></h3> + +<p>Mungkin tidak seperti nilai lainnya dalam javascript, Ini tidak memungkinkan untuk mengandalkan operator persamaan (== dan ===) untuk menentukan bahwa nilai adalah {{jsxref("NaN")}} atau bukan, karena <code>NaN == NaN</code> dan <code>NaN === NaN</code> mengevaluasi ke <code>false</code>. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya fungsi <code>isNaN</code>.</p> + +<h3 id="Asal_Mula_Nilai_NaN">Asal Mula Nilai <code>NaN</code></h3> + +<p>Nilai<code>NaN</code> <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>dihasilkan saat operasi aritmatika menghasilkan nilai <em>undefined</em> atau <em>unrepresentable</em></span></span>. <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Nilai tersebut tidak harus mewakili kondisi overflow</span></span>. <code>NaN</code> juga dihasilkan dari percobaan pemaksaan ke nilai numerik dari nilai non-numerik <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>yang tidak memiliki nilai numerik primitif yang tersedia.</span></span></p> + +<p><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Misalnya, membagi nol dengan nol menghasilkan sebuah</span></span> <code>NaN</code> — namun <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>membagi angka lain dengan nol tidak menghasilkan sebuah <code>NaN</code>.</span></span></p> + +<h3 id="Perilaku_Khusus_yang_membingungkan">Perilaku Khusus yang membingungkan</h3> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Karena versi paling awal dari spesifikasi fungsi</span></span> <code>isNaN</code> , perilaku untuk argumen non-numerik menjadi membingungkan. Ketika<span id="result_box" lang="id"><span> argumen ke fungsi</span></span> <code>isNaN</code> bukan bertipe <a href="http://es5.github.com/#x8.5" title="http://es5.github.com/#x8.5">Number</a>, Nilainya akan dipaksakan terlebih dahulu ke tipe <a href="http://es5.github.com/#x8.5" title="http://es5.github.com/#x8.5">Number</a>. <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Nilai yang dihasilkan kemudian diuji untuk menentukan apakah itu</span></span> {{jsxref("NaN")}}. Jadi untuk non-angka <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>yang jika dipaksakan pada hasil numerik menghasilkan nilai numerik</span></span> non-NaN (<span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>terutama string kosong dan primitif boolean, yang jika dipaksakan memberi nilai numerik nol atau satu</span></span>), nilai pengembalian "false" mungkin tidak terduga; <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>String kosong, misalnya, pastinya "not a number"</span></span>. <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Kebingungan itu berawal dari kenyataan bahwa istilah</span></span> "not a number", <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>memiliki arti khusus untuk angka yang diwakili sebagai nilai floating-point IEEE-754</span></span>. <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Fungsi harus diinterpretasikan sebagai penjawab pertanyaan, "apakah nilai ini, jika dipaksakan pada nilai numerik, nilai IEEE-754 'Not A Number'?"</span></span></p> + +<p><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span class="alt-edited">Versi terbaru dari ECMAScript (ES2015) berisi fungsi </span></span>{{jsxref("Number.isNaN()")}}. <code>Number.isNaN(x)</code> <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>akan menjadi cara yang andal untuk menguji apakah</span></span> <code>x</code> adalah <code>NaN</code> atau bukan. Bahkan dengan <code>Number.isNaN</code>, <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>namun arti <code>NaN</code> tetap merupakan makna numerik yang tepat, dan bukan sekadar,</span></span> "not a number". Sebagai alternatif, untuk ketidakhadiran <code>Number.isNaN</code>, ekspresi <code>(x != x)</code> <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>adalah cara yang lebih dapat diandalkan untuk menguji apakah variabel x adalah <code>NaN</code></span></span> <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>atau bukan, karena hasilnya tidak sesuai dengan false positive yang membuat</span></span> <code>isNaN</code> <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>tidak dapat diandalkan</span></span>.</p> + +<p><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Anda bisa memikirkan isNaN sebagai:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var isNaN = function(value) { + return Number.isNaN(Number(value)); +}</pre> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">isNaN(NaN); // true +isNaN(undefined); // true +isNaN({}); // true + +isNaN(true); // false +isNaN(null); // false +isNaN(37); // false + +// strings +isNaN('37'); // false: "37" <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>dikonversi ke nomor</span></span> 37 yang mana bukan NaN +isNaN('37.37'); // false: "37.37" <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>dikonversi ke nomor</span></span> 37.37 yang mana bukan NaN +isNaN('123ABC'); // true: parseInt("123ABC") adalah 123 namun Number("123ABC") adalah NaN +isNaN(''); // false: string kosing dikonversi ke 0 yang mana bukan NaN +isNaN(' '); // false: string dengan spasi dikonversi ke 0 yang mana bukan NaN + +// dates +isNaN(new Date()); // false +isNaN(new Date().toString()); // true + +// <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Ini adalah false positif dan alasan mengapa NaN tidak sepenuhnya dapat diandalkan</span></span> +isNaN('blabla'); // true: "blabla" dikonversi ke nomor. + // <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Parsing ini sebagai nomor gagal dan mengembalikan NaN</span></span> +</pre> + +<h3 id="Berguna_dalam_perilaku_khusus">Berguna dalam perilaku khusus</h3> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Ada cara penggunaan </span></span><span lang="id"><span>yang lebih berorientasi untuk memikirkan <code>isNaN</code></span></span> <code>isNaN()</code>: Jika <code>isNaN(x)</code> mengembalikan <code>false</code>, anda bisa menggunakan <code>x</code> <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>dalam ekspresi aritmatika tidak membuat ekspresi mengembalikan</span></span> <code>NaN</code>. Jika itu mengembalikan<code>true</code>, <code>x</code> <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>akan membuat setiap ekspresi aritmatika</span></span> mengembalikan <code>NaN</code>. <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Ini berarti bahwa dalam JavaScript,</span></span> <code>isNaN(x) == true</code> <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>setara dengan</span></span> <code>x - 0</code> mengembalikan <code>NaN</code> (<span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>meskipun di JavaScript</span></span> <code>x - 0 == NaN</code> selalu mengembalikan false, <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>jadi anda tidak bisa mengujinya).</span> <span>Sebenarnya, </span></span><code>isNaN(x)</code>, <code>isNaN(x - 0)</code>, <code>isNaN(Number(x))</code>, <code>Number.isNaN(x - 0)</code>, dan <code>Number.isNaN(Number(x))</code> <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>selalu kembali sama dan di JavaScript</span></span><code>isNaN(x)</code> <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>hanya bentuk sesingkat mungkin untuk mengungkapkan masing-masing istilah ini.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Anda dapat menggunakan ini, misalnya, untuk menguji apakah sebuah argumen terhadap suatu fungsi secara aritmatika dapat diolah (dapat digunakan "seperti" angka), atau jika tidak dan Anda harus memberikan nilai default atau yang lainnya.</span> <span>Dengan cara ini Anda dapat memiliki fungsi yang memanfaatkan fleksibilitas penuh JavaScript yang disediakan oleh nilai konversi secara implisit bergantung pada konteks.</span></span></p> + +<h2 id="Contoh_2">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">function increment(x) { + if (isNaN(x)) x = 0; + return x + 1; +} + +// <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Efek yang sama dengan</span></span> Number.isNaN(): +function increment(x) { + if (Number.isNaN(Number(x))) x = 0; + return x + 1; +} + +// <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Dalam kasus berikut untuk argumen fungsi x,</span></span> +// isNaN(x)<span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>selalu salah, meski x memang bukan sebuah</span></span> +// nomor, <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>namun bisa digunakan seperti itu dalam ekspresi +// aritmatika</span></span> +increment(''); // 1: "" dikonversi ke 0 +increment(new String()); // 1: <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Objek String yang mewakili string kosong dikonversi menjadi 0</span></span> +increment([]); // 1: [] dikonversi ke 0 +increment(new Array()); // 1: <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Objek array yang mewakili sebuah array kosong dikonversi menjadi 0</span></span> +increment('0'); // 1: "0" dikonversi ke 0 +increment('1'); // 2: "1" dikonversi ke 1 +increment('0.1'); // 1.1: "0.1" dikonversi ke 0.1 +increment('Infinity'); // Infinity: "Infinity" dikonversi ke Infinity +increment(null); // 1: null dikonversi ke 0 +increment(false); // 1: false dikonversi ke 0 +increment(true); // 2: true dikonversi ke 1 +increment(new Date()); // <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>mengembalikan tanggal/waktu sekarang dalam milidetik ditambah 1</span></span> + +// <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Dalam kasus berikut untuk argumen fungsi x,</span></span> +// isNaN(x) <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>selalu false dan x memang angka</span></span> +increment(-1); // 0 +increment(-0.1); // 0.9 +increment(0); // 1 +increment(1); // 2 +increment(2); // 3 +// ... <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>dan seterusnya</span></span> ... +increment(Infinity); // Infinity + +// <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>Dalam kasus berikut untuk argumen fungsi x,</span></span> +// isNaN(x) <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>selalu true dan x benar-benar bukan angka,</span></span> +// <span id="result_box" lang="id"><span>sehingga fungsi tersebut menggantikannya dengan 0 dan mengembalikan 1</span></span> +increment(String); // 1 +increment(Array); // 1 +increment('blabla'); // 1 +increment('-blabla'); // 1 +increment(0 / 0); // 1 +increment('0 / 0'); // 1 +increment(Infinity / Infinity); // 1 +increment(NaN); // 1 +increment(undefined); // 1 +increment(); // 1 + +// isNaN(x) <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>selalu sama dengan</span></span> isNaN(Number(x)), +// <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>namun kehadirannya</span></span> x <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>adalah wajib disini</span></span>! +isNaN(x) == isNaN(Number(x)); // true <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="id"><span>untuk setiap nilai</span></span> x, termasuk x == undefined, + // karena isNaN(undefined) == true dan Number(undefined) mengembalikan NaN, + // namun ... +isNaN() == isNaN(Number()); // false, karena isNaN() == true dan Number() == 0 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.1.2.4', 'isNaN')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-isnan-number', 'isNaN')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-isnan-number', 'isNaN')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.isNaN")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("NaN")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Number.isNaN()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/json/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/json/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4f07030358 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/json/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,243 @@ +--- +title: JSON +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Didalam object <strong><code>JSON</code></strong> terdapat banyak method untuk memparse <a class="external" href="http://json.org/">JavaScript Object Notation</a> ({{glossary("JSON")}}) dan mengkonversi nilai ke JSON. Hal ini tidak dapat di gunakan atau dibangun, dan selain dari kedua sifat method tersebut tidak memiliki fungsi tersendiri.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<h3 id="JavaScript_Object_Notation">JavaScript Object Notation</h3> + +<p>JSON merupakan sebuah syntax untuk menserialisasi objects, array, angka, string, boolean, dan {{jsxref("null")}}. Hal ini dilihat berdasarkan pada syntax javascript. Akan tetapi terpisah dari dari hal tersebut: beberapa javascript bukanlah JSON, dan beberapa JSON juga tidak dapat dikatakan sebagai Javascript. Lihat juga <a href="http://timelessrepo.com/json-isnt-a-javascript-subset">JSON: The JavaScript subset that isn't</a>.</p> + +<table> + <caption>Perbedaan JavaScript dan JSON</caption> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Type pada JavaScript</th> + <th scope="col">Perbedaan dengan JSON</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Object dan Array</td> + <td>Nama properti harus menggunakan string double quotes; tidak diakhiri dengan koma.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Angka</td> + <td>Tidak diawali dengan nol; desimal harus di ikuti setidaknya satu digit.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>String</td> + <td> + <p>Hanya beberapa karakter tertentu yang menggunakan escape; Kontrol karakter tertentu tidak diperbolehkan; Pemisah baris Unicode (<a href="http://unicode-table.com/en/2028/">U+2028</a>) dan pemisah paragraf (<a href="http://unicode-table.com/en/2029/">U+2029</a>) dapat digunakan; string harus menggunakan double-quoted. Lihat contoh dimana {{jsxref("JSON.parse()")}} bisa digunakan dan {{jsxref("SyntaxError")}} dilemparkan ketika mengevaluasi kode sebagai javascript:</p> + + <pre class="brush: js"> +var kode = '"\u2028\u2029"'; +JSON.parse(kode); // bisa digunakan. +eval(kode); // gagal! +</pre> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>Syntax JSON lengkapnya sebagai berikut:</p> + +<pre><var>JSON</var> = <strong>null</strong> + <em>or</em> <strong>true</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>false</strong> + <em>or</em> <var>JSONNumber</var> + <em>or</em> <var>JSONString</var> + <em>or</em> <var>JSONObject</var> + <em>or</em> <var>JSONArray</var> + +<var>JSONNumber</var> = <strong>-</strong> <var>PositiveNumber</var> + <em>or</em> <var>PositiveNumber</var> +<var>PositiveNumber</var> = DecimalNumber + <em>or</em> <var>DecimalNumber</var> <strong>.</strong> <var>Digits</var> + <em>or</em> <var>DecimalNumber</var> <strong>.</strong> <var>Digits</var> <var>ExponentPart</var> + <em>or</em> <var>DecimalNumber</var> <var>ExponentPart</var> +<var>DecimalNumber</var> = <strong>0</strong> + <em>or</em> <var>OneToNine</var> <var>Digits</var> +<var>ExponentPart</var> = <strong>e</strong> <var>Exponent</var> + <em>or</em> <strong>E</strong> <var>Exponent</var> +<var>Exponent</var> = <var>Digits</var> + <em>or</em> <strong>+</strong> <var>Digits</var> + <em>or</em> <strong>-</strong> <var>Digits</var> +<var>Digits</var> = <var>Digit</var> + <em>or</em> <var>Digits</var> <var>Digit</var> +<var>Digit</var> = <strong>0</strong> through <strong>9</strong> +<var>OneToNine</var> = <strong>1</strong> through <strong>9</strong> + +<var>JSONString</var> = <strong>""</strong> + <em>or</em> <strong>"</strong> <var>StringCharacters</var> <strong>"</strong> +<var>StringCharacters</var> = <var>StringCharacter</var> + <em>or</em> <var>StringCharacters</var> <var>StringCharacter</var> +<var>StringCharacter</var> = any character + <em>except</em> <strong>"</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\</strong> <em>or</em> U+0000 through U+001F + <em>or</em> <var>EscapeSequence</var> +<var>EscapeSequence</var> = <strong>\"</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\/</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\\</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\b</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\f</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\n</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\r</strong> <em>or</em> <strong>\t</strong> + <em>or</em> <strong>\u</strong> <var>HexDigit</var> <var>HexDigit</var> <var>HexDigit</var> <var>HexDigit</var> +<var>HexDigit</var> = <strong>0</strong> through <strong>9</strong> + <em>or</em> <strong>A</strong> through <strong>F</strong> + <em>or</em> <strong>a</strong> through <strong>f</strong> + +<var>JSONObject</var> = <strong>{</strong> <strong>}</strong> + <em>or</em> <strong>{</strong> <var>Members</var> <strong>}</strong> +<var>Members</var> = <var>JSONString</var> <strong>:</strong> <var>JSON</var> + <em>or</em> <var>Members</var> <strong>,</strong> <var>JSONString</var> <strong>:</strong> <var>JSON</var> + +<var>JSONArray</var> = <strong>[</strong> <strong>]</strong> + <em>or</em> <strong>[</strong> <var>ArrayElements</var> <strong>]</strong> +<var>ArrayElements</var> = <var>JSON</var> + <em>or</em> <var>ArrayElements</var> <strong>,</strong> <var>JSON</var> +</pre> + +<p>Whitespace yang tidak signifikan dapat digunakan dimanasaja kecuali didalam <code><var>JSONNumber</var></code> (angka tidak dipisahkan dengan whitespace) atau <code><var>JSONString</var></code> (dimana ditafsirkan sebagai karakter yang sesuai dalam string; atau akan menyebabkan kesalahan). Karakter Tab (<a href="http://unicode-table.com/en/0009/">U+0009</a>), carriage return (<a href="http://unicode-table.com/en/000D/">U+000D</a>), line feed (<a href="http://unicode-table.com/en/000A/">U+000A</a>), dan karakter spasi (<a href="http://unicode-table.com/en/0020/">U+0020</a>) merupakan karakter whitespace yang valid.</p> + +<h2 id="Method">Method</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("JSON.parse()")}}</dt> + <dd>Memparse string sebagai JSON, biasanya mengubah nilai yang diberikan beserta sifatnya, dan mengembalikan nilai.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("JSON.stringify()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan string JSON berdasarkan nilai spesifik, biasanya termasuk beberapa properti tertentu saja atau mengganti nilai properti secara user-defined.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p>Object JSON tidak didukung oleh browser lawas. Anda bisa menyiasatinya dengan memasukkan kode berikut di awal skrip Anda, memungkinkan penggunaan JSON objek dalam implementasi yang secara native tidak mendukung Object JSON (seperti Internet Explorer 6).</p> + +<p>Algoritma berikut adalah tiruan dari objek JSON asli:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!window.JSON) { + window.JSON = { + parse: function(sJSON) { return eval('(' + sJSON + ')'); }, + stringify: (function () { + var toString = Object.prototype.toString; + var isArray = Array.isArray || function (a) { return toString.call(a) === '[object Array]'; }; + var escMap = {'"': '\\"', '\\': '\\\\', '\b': '\\b', '\f': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t'}; + var escFunc = function (m) { return escMap[m] || '\\u' + (m.charCodeAt(0) + 0x10000).toString(16).substr(1); }; + var escRE = /[\\"\u0000-\u001F\u2028\u2029]/g; + return function stringify(value) { + if (value == null) { + return 'null'; + } else if (typeof value === 'number') { + return isFinite(value) ? value.toString() : 'null'; + } else if (typeof value === 'boolean') { + return value.toString(); + } else if (typeof value === 'object') { + if (typeof value.toJSON === 'function') { + return stringify(value.toJSON()); + } else if (isArray(value)) { + var res = '['; + for (var i = 0; i < value.length; i++) + res += (i ? ', ' : '') + stringify(value[i]); + return res + ']'; + } else if (toString.call(value) === '[object Object]') { + var tmp = []; + for (var k in value) { + if (value.hasOwnProperty(k)) + tmp.push(stringify(k) + ': ' + stringify(value[k])); + } + return '{' + tmp.join(', ') + '}'; + } + } + return '"' + value.toString().replace(escRE, escFunc) + '"'; + }; + })() + }; +} +</pre> + +<p>Lebih kompleks dari <a class="external" href="http://remysharp.com/2010/10/08/what-is-a-polyfill/">polyfills</a> yang banyak dikenal untuk object <code>JSON</code> adalah <a class="link-https" href="https://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-js">JSON2</a> dan <a class="external" href="http://bestiejs.github.com/json3">JSON3</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.12', 'JSON')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-json-object', 'JSON')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-json-object', 'JSON')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9.1")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("8.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("10.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari("4.0")}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="sect1"> </h2> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Date.prototype.toJSON()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/json/parse/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/json/parse/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5eb3f60424 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/json/parse/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ +--- +title: JSON.parse() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse +tags: + - ECMAScript5 + - JSON + - Method + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>JSON.parse()</code></strong> memparse string ke JSON, biasanya mengubah nilai yang dihasilkan oleh parsing.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>JSON.parse(<var>text</var>[, <var>reviver</var>])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>text</code></dt> + <dd>String yang akan di parse ke JSON. Lihat objek {{jsxref("JSON")}} untuk deskripsi lengkap sintaks JSON.</dd> + <dt><code>reviver</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Jika sebuah fungsi, mendeskripsikan bagaimana nilai asli dihasilkan oleh parsing berubah, sebelum dikembalikan.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Pemulangan">Pemulangan</h3> + +<p>Mengembalikan {{jsxref("Object")}} sesuai dengan teks JSON yang diberikan.</p> + +<h3 id="Lontaran">Lontaran</h3> + +<p>Melontarkan pengecualian {{jsxref("SyntaxError")}} jika string yang di parse tidak sesuai JSON.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_JSON.parse()">Menggunakan <code>JSON.parse()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">JSON.parse('{}'); // {} +JSON.parse('true'); // true +JSON.parse('"foo"'); // "foo" +JSON.parse('[1, 5, "false"]'); // [1, 5, "false"] +JSON.parse('null'); // null +</pre> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_parameter_reviver">Menggunakan parameter <code>reviver</code></h3> + +<p>Jika <code>reviver</code> telah ditentukan, nilai dihitung dengan parsing <em>transformed</em> sebelum dikembalikan. Khususnya, nilai yang terhitung, dan semua propertinya (dimulai dari properti yang paling bersarang dan berlanjut ke nilai asli), secara individu dijalankan melalui <code>reviver</code>, yang di panggil dengan objek yang berada di dalam properti yang akan diproses sebagai <code>this</code> dan dengan nama properti sebagai string dan nilai properti sebagai argumen. jika fungsi <code>reviver</code> mengembalikan {{jsxref("undefined")}} (tidak mengembalikan nilai, contoh, jika eksekusi gagal di akhir fungsi), properti akan dihapus dari objek. Jika tidak, properti akan didefinisikan ulang sebagai sebuah nilai kembali.</p> + +<p><code>reviver</code> dipanggil dengan string kosong dan nilai paling atas mengizinkan tranformsi dari nilai paling atas. Jadi untuk menangani kasus ini dengan baik, biasanya dengan mengembalikan nilai yang diberikan, atau <code>JSON.parse()</code> akan mengembalikan {{jsxref("undefined")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">JSON.parse('{"p": 5}', function(k, v) { + if (k === '') { return v; } // if topmost value, return it, + return v * 2; // else return v * 2. +}); // { p: 10 } + +JSON.parse('{"1": 1, "2": 2, "3": {"4": 4, "5": {"6": 6}}}', function(k, v) { + console.log(k); // log the current property name, the last is "". + return v; // return the unchanged property value. +}); + +// 1 +// 2 +// 4 +// 6 +// 5 +// 3 +// "" +</pre> + +<h3 id="JSON.parse()_tidak_mengizinkan_trailing_koma"><code>JSON.parse()</code> tidak mengizinkan trailing koma</h3> + +<pre class="example-bad brush: js">// both will <code>throw a SyntaxError</code> +JSON.parse('[1, 2, 3, 4, ]'); +JSON.parse('{"foo" : 1, }'); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.12.2', 'JSON.parse')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.7.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-json.parse', 'JSON.parse')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-json.parse', 'JSON.parse')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9.1")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("8.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("10.5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari("4.0")}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Gecko-specific_notes">Gecko-specific notes</h2> + +<p>Pada Gecko 29 {{geckoRelease("29")}}, string JSON yang gagal akan menampilkan pesan kesalahan yang lebih rinci tentang error dalam memparse. Hal ini sangat berguna ketika mendebug data JSON yang besar.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">JSON.parse('[1, 2, 3, 4,]'); +// SyntaxError: JSON.parse: unexpected character at +// line 1 column 13 of the JSON data +</pre> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("JSON.stringify()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/clear/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/clear/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2869835e02 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/clear/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +--- +title: Map.prototype.clear() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/clear +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/clear +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>clear()</strong></code> menghapus semua elemen yang ada pada objek <code>Map</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><em>myMap</em>.clear();</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_method_clear">Menggunakan method <code>clear</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myMap = new Map(); +myMap.set("bar", "baz"); +myMap.set(1, "foo"); + +myMap.size; // 2 +myMap.has("bar"); // true + +myMap.clear(); + +myMap.size; // 0 +myMap.has("bar") // false +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-map.prototype.clear', 'Map.prototype.clear')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-map.prototype.clear', 'Map.prototype.clear')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>38</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("19.0")}}</td> + <td>11</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasart</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>38</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("19.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Map")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/delete/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/delete/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ad9d1922b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/delete/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ +--- +title: Map.prototype.delete() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/delete +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/delete +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>delete()</strong></code> menghapus elemen yang ditentukan dari objek <code>Map</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">myMap.delete(key);</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>key</dt> + <dd>Diperlukan. Kunci dari elemen untuk menghapusnya dari objek <code>Map</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Return_value">Return value</h3> + +<p>Mengembalikan nilai <code>true</code> jika elemen yang ada di dalam objek <code>Map</code> ada dan telah dihapus, atau <code>false</code> jika elemen tidak ada.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_method_delete">Menggunakan method <code>delete</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myMap = new Map(); +myMap.set("bar", "foo"); + +myMap.delete("bar"); // Returns true. Berhasil dihapus. +myMap.has("bar"); // Returns false. Elemen "bar" sudah tidak tersedia. +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-map.prototype.delete', 'Map.prototype.delete')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-map.prototype.delete', 'Map.prototype.delete')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>38</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("13.0")}}</td> + <td>11</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>38</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("13.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Map")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9e4a93cfa0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/map/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,443 @@ +--- +title: Map +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - JavaScript + - Map + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>The <strong><code>Map</code></strong> object is a simple key/value map. Any value (both objects and {{Glossary("Primitive", "primitive values")}}) may be used as either a key or a value.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>new Map([iterable]) +</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>iterable</code></dt> + <dd>Iterable is an Array or other iterable object whose elements are key-value pairs (2-element Arrays). Each key-value pair is added to the new Map. <code>null</code> is treated as <code>undefined</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>A Map object iterates its elements in insertion order — a {{jsxref("Statements/for...of", "for...of")}} loop returns an array of <code>[key, value]</code> for each iteration.</p> + +<h3 id="Key_equality">Key equality</h3> + +<p>Key equality is based on the "same-value" algorithm: <code>NaN</code> is considered the same as <code>NaN</code> (even though <code>NaN !== NaN</code>) and all other values are considered equal according to the semantics of the === operator. In earlier versions of the ECMAScript 6 draft <code>-0</code> and <code>+0</code> were considered distinct (even though <code>-0 === +0</code>), this has been changed in later versions and has been adapted in Gecko 29 {{geckoRelease("29")}} ({{bug("952870")}}) and a <a href="https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=3069">recent nightly Chrome</a>.</p> + +<h3 id="Objects_and_maps_compared">Objects and maps compared</h3> + +<p>{{jsxref("Object", "Objects")}} are similar to <code>Maps</code> in that both let you set keys to values, retrieve those values, delete keys, and detect whether something is stored at a key. Because of this (and because there were no built-in alternatives), <code>Objects</code> have been used as <code>Maps</code> historically; however, there are important differences between <code>Objects</code> and <code>Maps</code> that make using a <code>Map</code> better:</p> + +<ul> + <li>An <code>Object</code> has a prototype, so there are default keys in the map. This could be bypassed by using <code>map = Object.create(null)</code> since ES5, but was seldomly done.</li> + <li>The keys of an <code>Object</code> are {{jsxref("String", "Strings")}} and {{jsxref("Symbol", "Symbols")}}, where they can be any value for a <code>Map</code>.</li> + <li>You can get the size of a <code>Map</code> easily while you have to manually keep track of size for an <code>Object</code>.</li> +</ul> + +<p>This does not mean you should use <code>Map</code>s everywhere, objects still are used in most cases. <code>Map</code> instances are only useful for collections, and you should consider adapting your code where you have previously used objects for such. Objects shall be used as records, with fields and methods.<br> + If you're still not sure which one to use, ask yourself the following questions:</p> + +<ul> + <li>Are keys usually unknown until run time, do you need to look them up dynamically?</li> + <li>Do all values have the same type, and can be used interchangeably?</li> + <li>Do you need keys that aren't strings?</li> + <li>Are key-value pairs often added or removed?</li> + <li>Do you have an arbitrary (easily changing) amount of key-value pairs?</li> + <li>Is the collection iterated?</li> +</ul> + +<p>Those all are signs that you want a <code>Map</code> for a collection. If in contrast you have a fixed amount of keys, operate on them individually, and distinguish between their usage, then you want an object.</p> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><code>Map.length</code></dt> + <dd>The value of the <code>length</code> property is 0.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Map.@@species", "get Map[@@species]")}}</dt> + <dd>The constructor function that is used to create derived objects.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Map.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Represents the prototype for the <code>Map</code> constructor. Allows the addition of properties to all <code>Map</code> objects.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Map_instances"><code>Map</code> instances</h2> + +<p>All <code>Map</code> instances inherit from {{jsxref("Map.prototype")}}.</p> + +<h3 id="Properties_2">Properties</h3> + +<p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/prototype','Properties')}}</p> + +<h3 id="Methods">Methods</h3> + +<p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/prototype','Methods')}}</p> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Using_the_Map_object">Using the <code>Map</code> object</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myMap = new Map(); + +var keyString = "a string", + keyObj = {}, + keyFunc = function () {}; + +// setting the values +myMap.set(keyString, "value associated with 'a string'"); +myMap.set(keyObj, "value associated with keyObj"); +myMap.set(keyFunc, "value associated with keyFunc"); + +myMap.size; // 3 + +// getting the values +myMap.get(keyString); // "value associated with 'a string'" +myMap.get(keyObj); // "value associated with keyObj" +myMap.get(keyFunc); // "value associated with keyFunc" + +myMap.get("a string"); // "value associated with 'a string'" + // because keyString === 'a string' +myMap.get({}); // undefined, because keyObj !== {} +myMap.get(function() {}) // undefined, because keyFunc !== function () {} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Using_NaN_as_Map_keys">Using <code>NaN</code> as <code>Map</code> keys</h3> + +<p><code>NaN</code> can also be used as a key. Even though every <code>NaN</code> is not equal to itself (<code>NaN !== NaN</code> is true), the following example works, because <code>NaN</code>s are indistinguishable from each other:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myMap = new Map(); +myMap.set(NaN, "not a number"); + +myMap.get(NaN); // "not a number" + +var otherNaN = Number("foo"); +myMap.get(otherNaN); // "not a number" +</pre> + +<h3 id="Iterating_Maps_with_for..of">Iterating <code>Maps</code> with <code>for..of</code></h3> + +<p>Maps can be iterated using a <code>for..of</code> loop:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myMap = new Map(); +myMap.set(0, "zero"); +myMap.set(1, "one"); +for (var [key, value] of myMap) { + console.log(key + " = " + value); +} +// Will show 2 logs; first with "0 = zero" and second with "1 = one" + +for (var key of myMap.keys()) { + console.log(key); +} +// Will show 2 logs; first with "0" and second with "1" + +for (var value of myMap.values()) { + console.log(value); +} +// Will show 2 logs; first with "zero" and second with "one" + +for (var [key, value] of myMap.entries()) { + console.log(key + " = " + value); +} +// Will show 2 logs; first with "0 = zero" and second with "1 = one" +</pre> + +<h3 id="Iterating_Maps_with_forEach()">Iterating <code>Maps</code> with <code>forEach()</code></h3> + +<p>Maps can be iterated using the <code>forEach()</code> method:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">myMap.forEach(function(value, key) { + console.log(key + " = " + value); +}, myMap) +// Will show 2 logs; first with "0 = zero" and second with "1 = one" +</pre> + +<h3 id="Relation_with_Array_objects">Relation with <code>Array</code> objects</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var kvArray = [["key1", "value1"], ["key2", "value2"]]; + +// Use the regular Map constructor to transform a 2D key-value Array into a map +var myMap = new Map(kvArray); + +myMap.get("key1"); // returns "value1" + +// Use the spread operator to transform a map into a 2D key-value Array. +console.log(uneval([...myMap])); // Will show you exactly the same Array as kvArray + +// Or use the spread operator on the keys or values iterator to get +// an array of only the keys or values +console.log(uneval([...myMap.keys()])); // Will show ["key1", "key2"] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-map-objects', 'Map')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-map-objects', 'Map')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td> + <p>{{ CompatChrome(38) }} [1]</p> + </td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("13") }}</td> + <td>11</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Map(iterable)</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("13") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>iterable</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("17") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map.clear()</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(31) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("19")}}</td> + <td>11</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map.keys(), Map.values(), Map.entries()</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(37) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("20")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map.forEach()</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(36) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("25")}}</td> + <td>11</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Key equality for -0 and 0</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(34) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("29")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Map(null)</code></td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Monkey-patched <code>set()</code> in Constructor</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map[@@species]</code></td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("41")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map()</code> without <code>new</code> throws</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("42") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }} [1]</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("13") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Map(iterable)</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("13") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>iterable</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("17") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map.clear()</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(31) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("19")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map.keys(), Map.values(), Map.entries()</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(37) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("20")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map.forEach()</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(36) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("25")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Key equality for -0 and 0</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(34) }}<br> + {{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("29")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Map(null)</code></td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Monkey-patched <code>set()</code> in Constructor</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map[@@species]</code></td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("41")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Map()</code> without <code>new</code> throws</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("42")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<p>[1] Starting with Chrome 31, the feature was available behind a preference. In <code>chrome://flags</code>, activate the entry “Enable Experimental JavaScript”.</p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a class="link-https" href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=697479">Map and Set bug at Mozilla</a></li> + <li><a class="external" href="http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:simple_maps_and_sets">ECMAScript Harmony proposal</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Set")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakMap")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakSet")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/abs/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/abs/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c15b00b315 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/abs/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ +--- +title: Math.abs() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/abs +tags: + - Math + - abs + - math abs +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/abs +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Fungsi Math.abs() mengembalikan nilai mutlak dari sebuah bilangan, yakni</p> + +<p><math display="block"><semantics><mrow><mstyle mathvariant="monospace"><mrow><mo lspace="0em" rspace="thinmathspace">Math.abs</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mstyle><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">|</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo>{</mo><mtable columnalign="left left"><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi></mtd><mtd><mtext>if</mtext><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mi>x</mi><mo>></mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>0</mi></mtd><mtd><mtext>if</mtext><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi></mtd><mtd><mtext>if</mtext><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mi>x</mi><mo><</mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="TeX">{\mathtt{\operatorname{Math.abs}(x)}} = {|x|} = \begin{cases} x & \text{if} \quad x \geq 0 \\ -x & \text{if} \quad x < 0 \end{cases} </annotation></semantics></math></p> + +<h2 id="Sintak">Sintak</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Math.abs(<var>x</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>x</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah bilangan.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Nilai_kembali">Nilai kembali</h3> + +<p>Nilai mutlak dari bilangan yang diberikan.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karena <code>abs()</code> merupakan sebuah metode statis dari Math, anda harus menggunakannya/menulisnya sebagai berikut <code>Math.abs()</code>, Bukan sebagai metode dari sebuah object Math yang anda buat (<code>Math</code> bukanlah sebuah konstruktor).</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Prilaku_dari_Math.abs()">Prilaku dari <code>Math.abs()</code></h3> + +<p>Mengabaikan objek kosong, sebuah array dengan lebih dari satu anggota, sebuah string non-numerik atau {{jsxref("undefined")}}/variabel kosong dikembalikan{{jsxref("NaN")}}. Mengabaikan {{jsxref("null")}}, sebuah string kosong atau sebuah array kosong akan menghasilkan 0.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js" dir="rtl">Math.abs('-1'); // 1 +Math.abs(-2); // 2 +Math.abs(null); // 0 +Math.abs(''); // 0 +Math.abs([]); // 0 +Math.abs([2]); // 2 +Math.abs([1,2]); // NaN +Math.abs({}); // NaN +Math.abs('string'); // NaN +Math.abs(); // NaN +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal. Diimplementasikan pada JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8.2.1', 'Math.abs')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math.abs', 'Math.abs')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math.abs', 'Math.abs')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_browser">Kompatibilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome untuk Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.ceil()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.floor()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.round()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.sign()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.trunc()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/ceil/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/ceil/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cba010ffdb --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/ceil/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ +--- +title: Math.ceil() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/ceil +tags: + - JavaScript + - Math + - Metode + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/ceil +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Fungsi Math.ceil() adalah memberikan nilai integer lebih-besar-dari terkecil atau sama-dengan (pembulatan ke atas) nilai yang ditentukan.</p> + +<p><strong>Catatan: </strong>Nilai kembalian Math.ceil(null) adalah integer 0 dan tidak memberikan kesalahan NaN.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/math-ceil.html")}}</div> + + + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Math.ceil(<var>x</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>x</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah angka.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Nilai_kembali">Nilai kembali</h3> + +<p>Nilai integer lebih-besar-dari terkecil atau sama-dengan (pembulatan ke atas) nilai yang ditentukan.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karena <code>ceil()</code> adalah sebuah metode statis dari Math, Anda harus selalu menggunakan sebagai <code>Math.ceil()</code>, bukan sebagai metode dari object Math yang Anda buat (<code>Math</code> bukanlah sebuah konstruktor).</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_Math.ceil()">Menggunakan <code>Math.ceil()</code></h3> + +<p>Berikut adalah contoh penggunaan dari <code>Math.ceil()</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">Math.ceil(.95); // 1 +Math.ceil(4); // 4 +Math.ceil(7.004); // 8 +Math.ceil(-0.95); // -0 +Math.ceil(-4); // -4 +Math.ceil(-7.004); // -7 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Penyesuaian_desimal">Penyesuaian desimal</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Closure +(function() { + /** + * Penyesuaian desimal dari sebuah angka. + * + * @param {String} type Tipe dari penyesuaian. + * @param {Number} value Angka. + * @param {Integer} exp Eksponen (10 logaritma basis penyesuaian). + * @returns {Number} Nilai yang di sesuaikan. + */ + function decimalAdjust(type, value, exp) { + // jika exp adalah undefined atau nol... + if (typeof exp === 'undefined' || +exp === 0) { + return Math[type](value); + } + value = +value; + exp = +exp; + // Jika nilai adalah bukan sebuah angka atau bilangan integer... + if (isNaN(value) || !(typeof exp === 'number' && exp % 1 === 0)) { + return NaN; + } + // Shift + value = value.toString().split('e'); + value = Math[type](+(value[0] + 'e' + (value[1] ? (+value[1] - exp) : -exp))); + // Shift back + value = value.toString().split('e'); + return +(value[0] + 'e' + (value[1] ? (+value[1] + exp) : exp)); + } + + // Decimal round + if (!Math.round10) { + Math.round10 = function(value, exp) { + return decimalAdjust('round', value, exp); + }; + } + // Decimal floor + if (!Math.floor10) { + Math.floor10 = function(value, exp) { + return decimalAdjust('floor', value, exp); + }; + } + // Decimal ceil + if (!Math.ceil10) { + Math.ceil10 = function(value, exp) { + return decimalAdjust('ceil', value, exp); + }; + } +})(); + +// Round +Math.round10(55.55, -1); // 55.6 +Math.round10(55.549, -1); // 55.5 +Math.round10(55, 1); // 60 +Math.round10(54.9, 1); // 50 +Math.round10(-55.55, -1); // -55.5 +Math.round10(-55.551, -1); // -55.6 +Math.round10(-55, 1); // -50 +Math.round10(-55.1, 1); // -60 +// Floor +Math.floor10(55.59, -1); // 55.5 +Math.floor10(59, 1); // 50 +Math.floor10(-55.51, -1); // -55.6 +Math.floor10(-51, 1); // -60 +// Ceil +Math.ceil10(55.51, -1); // 55.6 +Math.ceil10(51, 1); // 60 +Math.ceil10(-55.59, -1); // -55.5 +Math.ceil10(-59, 1); // -50 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komen</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal. Diimplementasikan dalam JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8.2.6', 'Math.ceil')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math.ceil', 'Math.ceil')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math.ceil', 'Math.ceil')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_peramban">Kompatibilitas peramban</h2> + +<div> +<p class="hidden">The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</p> +</div> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Math.ceil")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.abs()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.floor()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.round()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.sign()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.trunc()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/e/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/e/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..79e9f21f4a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/e/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +--- +title: Math.E +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/E +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/E +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <strong><code>Math.E</code></strong> mewakili dasar logaritma alami, e, mendekati 2.718.</p> + +<p><math display="block"><semantics><mrow><mstyle mathvariant="monospace"><mi>Math.E</mi></mstyle><mo>=</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>≈</mo><mn>2.718</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="TeX">\mathtt{\mi{Math.E}} = e \approx 2.718</annotation></semantics></math></p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/math-e.html")}}</div> + +<p class="hidden">Sumber untuk contoh interaktif ini disimpan di repositori GitHub. Apabila anda ingin berkontribusi dalam proyek contoh interaktif tersebut, silahkan klon <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> dan kirimi kami sebuah pull request.</p> + +<div>{{js_property_attributes(0, 0, 0)}}</div> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karena <code>E</code> adalah sebuah properti matematika statis, saudara selalu menggunakannya sebagai <code>Math.E</code>, daripada sebagai sebuah properti dari objek matematika yang saudara buat. (<code>Math</code> bukan sebuah konstruktor).</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_Math.E">Menggunakan <code>Math.E</code></h3> + +<p>Fungsi berikut menampilkan nilai e:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function getNapier() { + return Math.E; +} + +getNapier(); // 2.718281828459045 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td> + <p>definisi inisial. Diimplementasikan dalam JavaScript 1.0.</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8.1.1', 'Math.E')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math.e', 'Math.E')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math.e', 'Math.E')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_browser">Kompatibilitas browser</h2> + +<p class="hidden">Tabel kompatibilitas pada halaman ini dihasilkan dari data terstruktur. Apabila anda ingin berkontribusi, silahkan kunjungi <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> dan kirimi kami pull request.</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Math.E")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.exp()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.log()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.log1p()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/floor/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/floor/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ecd6e89cdd --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/floor/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ +--- +title: Math.floor() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/floor +tags: + - Math + - math floor + - pembulatan + - pembulatan bilangan + - pembulatan kebawah javascript +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/floor +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Fungsi Math.floor() mengembalikan bilangan bulat terbesar yang kurang dari atau sama dengan bilangan yang diberikan.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Math.floor(<var>x</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>x</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah bilangan.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Nilai_kembali">Nilai kembali</h3> + +<p>Sebuah bilangan yang merepresentasikan bilangan bulat terbesar yang kurang dari atau sama dengan nilai yang diberikan</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karena <code>floor()</code> adalah sebuah metode statis dari <code>Math</code>, sintaks yang harus anda gunakan adalah <code>Math.floor()</code>, bukan sebagai metode dari obyek Math yang anda buat (<font face="Consolas, Liberation Mono, Courier, monospace">Math bukanlah sebuah konstruktor</font>).</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_Math.floor()">Penggunaan <code>Math.floor()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">Math.floor( 45.95); // 45 +Math.floor( 45.05); // 45 +Math.floor( 4 ); // 4 +Math.floor(-45.05); // -46 +Math.floor(-45.95); // -46 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Penyesuaian_desimal">Penyesuaian desimal</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Closure +(function() { + /** + * Penyesuaian desimal dari sebuah bilangan. + * + * @param {String} type Jenis penyesuaian. + * @param {Number} value Nomor. + * @param {Integer} exp Eksponen (10 logaritma dari penyesuaian dasar). + * @returns {Number} Nilai yang disesuaikan. + */ + function decimalAdjust(jenis, nilai, eks) { + // Jika eks adalah undefined(belum didefinisikan) atau kosong... + if (typeof eks === 'undefined' || +eks === 0) { + return Math[jenis](nilai); + } + nilai = +nilai; + eks= +eks; + // Jika nilai bukan sebuah angka atau eks bukan sebuah bilangan integer... + if (isNaN(nilai) || !(typeof eks === 'number' && eks % 1 === 0)) { + return NaN; + } + // Pengalihan + nilai = nilai.toString().split('e'); + nilai = Math[jenis](+(nilai[0] + 'e' + (nilai[1] ? (+nilai[1] - eks) : -eks))); + // pengalihan kembali + nilai = nilai.toString().split('e'); + return +(nilai[0] + 'e' + (nilai[1] ? (+nilai[1] + eks) : eks)); + } + + // Desimal bulat + if (!Math.round10) { + Math.round10 = function(nilai, eks) { + return decimalAdjust('round', nilai, eks); + }; + } + // Desimal floor + if (!Math.floor10) { + Math.floor10 = function(nilai, eks) { + return decimalAdjust('floor', nilai, eks); + }; + } + // Desimal ceil + if (!Math.ceil10) { + Math.ceil10 = function(nilai, eks) { + return decimalAdjust('ceil', nilai, eks); + }; + } +})(); + +// Round +Math.round10(55.55, -1); // 55.6 +Math.round10(55.549, -1); // 55.5 +Math.round10(55, 1); // 60 +Math.round10(54.9, 1); // 50 +Math.round10(-55.55, -1); // -55.5 +Math.round10(-55.551, -1); // -55.6 +Math.round10(-55, 1); // -50 +Math.round10(-55.1, 1); // -60 +// Floor +Math.floor10(55.59, -1); // 55.5 +Math.floor10(59, 1); // 50 +Math.floor10(-55.51, -1); // -55.6 +Math.floor10(-51, 1); // -60 +// Ceil +Math.ceil10(55.51, -1); // 55.6 +Math.ceil10(51, 1); // 60 +Math.ceil10(-55.59, -1); // -55.5 +Math.ceil10(-59, 1); // -50 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal. Diimplementasikan pada JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8.2.9', 'Math.floor')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math.floor', 'Math.floor')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math.floor', 'Math.floor')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_browser">Kompatibilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.abs()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.ceil()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.round()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.sign()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.trunc()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4d9bb6a9bb --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ +--- +title: Math +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math +tags: + - JavaScript + - Math + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p><strong><code>Math</code></strong> merupakan objek built-in yang memiliki properti dan method untuk perhitungan konstan dan fungsi. bukan Fungsi Objek.</p> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>Tidak seperti global objects lain, <code>Math</code> bukanlah constructor. Semua properti dan method dari <code>Math</code> adalah static. You refer to the constant pi as <code>Math.PI</code> and you call the sine function as <code>Math.sin(x)</code>, where <code>x</code> is the method's argument. Constants are defined with the full precision of real numbers in JavaScript.</p> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.E")}}</dt> + <dd>Euler's constant and the base of natural logarithms, approximately 2.718.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.LN2")}}</dt> + <dd>Natural logarithm of 2, approximately 0.693.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.LN10")}}</dt> + <dd>Natural logarithm of 10, approximately 2.303.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.LOG2E")}}</dt> + <dd>Base 2 logarithm of E, approximately 1.443.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.LOG10E")}}</dt> + <dd>Base 10 logarithm of E, approximately 0.434.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.PI")}}</dt> + <dd>Ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, approximately 3.14159.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.SQRT1_2")}}</dt> + <dd>Square root of 1/2; equivalently, 1 over the square root of 2, approximately 0.707.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Math.SQRT2")}}</dt> + <dd>Square root of 2, approximately 1.414.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Method">Method</h2> + +<div class="note"> +<p>Note that the trigonometric functions (<code>sin()</code>, <code>cos()</code>, <code>tan()</code>, <code>asin()</code>, <code>acos()</code>, <code>atan()</code>, <code>atan2()</code>) expect or return angles in radians. To convert radians to degrees, divide by <code>(Math.PI / 180)</code>, and multiply by this to convert the other way.</p> +</div> + +<div class="note"> +<p>Note that a lot of the math functions have a precision that's implementation-dependent. This means that different browsers can give a different result, and even the same JS engine on a different OS or architecture can give different results.</p> +</div> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/abs", "Math.abs(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the absolute value of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/acos", "Math.acos(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the arccosine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/acosh", "Math.acosh(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the hyperbolic arccosine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/asin", "Math.asin(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the arcsine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/asinh", "Math.asinh(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the hyperbolic arcsine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/atan", "Math.atan(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the arctangent of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/atanh", "Math.atanh(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the hyperbolic arctangent of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/atan2", "Math.atan2(y, x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the arctangent of the quotient of its arguments.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/cbrt", "Math.cbrt(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the cube root of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/ceil", "Math.ceil(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/clz32", "Math.clz32(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the number of leading zeroes of a 32-bit integer.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/cos", "Math.cos(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the cosine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/cosh", "Math.cosh(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/exp", "Math.exp(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns E<sup>x</sup>, where <var>x</var> is the argument, and E is Euler's constant (2.718…), the base of the natural logarithm.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/expm1", "Math.expm1(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns subtracting 1 from <code>exp(x)</code>.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/floor", "Math.floor(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/fround", "Math.fround(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the nearest <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-precision_floating-point_format" title="link to the wikipedia page on single precision">single precision</a> float representation of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/hypot", "Math.hypot([x[, y[, …]]])")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the square root of the sum of squares of its arguments.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/imul", "Math.imul(x, y)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the result of a 32-bit integer multiplication.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/log", "Math.log(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the natural logarithm (log<sub>e</sub>, also ln) of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/log1p", "Math.log1p(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the natural logarithm of <code>1 + x</code> (log<sub>e</sub>, also ln) of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/log10", "Math.log10(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the base 10 logarithm of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/log2", "Math.log2(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the base 2 logarithm of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/max", "Math.max([x[, y[, …]]])")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the largest of zero or more numbers.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/min", "Math.min([x[, y[, …]]])")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the smallest of zero or more numbers.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/pow", "Math.pow(x, y)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns base to the exponent power, that is, <code>base<sup>exponent</sup></code>.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/random", "Math.random()")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/round", "Math.round(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the value of a number rounded to the nearest integer.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/sign", "Math.sign(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the sign of the x, indicating whether x is positive, negative or zero.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/sin", "Math.sin(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the sine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/sinh", "Math.sinh(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/sqrt", "Math.sqrt(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the positive square root of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/tan", "Math.tan(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the tangent of a number.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/tanh", "Math.tanh(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.</dd> + <dt><code>Math.toSource()</code> {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the string <code>"Math"</code>.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Math/trunc", "Math.trunc(x)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the integral part of the number x, removing any fractional digits.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8', 'Math')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math-object', 'Math')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>New methods {{jsxref("Math.log10()", "log10()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.log2()", "log2()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.log1p()", "log1p()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.expm1()", "expm1()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.cosh()", "cosh()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.sinh()", "sinh()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.tanh()", "tanh()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.acosh()", "acosh()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.asinh()", "asinh()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.atanh()", "atanh()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.hypot()", "hypot()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.trunc()", "trunc()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.sign()", "sign()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.imul()", "imul()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.fround()", "fround()")}}, {{jsxref("Math.cbrt()", "cbrt()")}} and {{jsxref("Math.clz32()", "clz32()")}} added.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math-object', 'Math')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Number")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/ln10/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/ln10/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..04e4fe5468 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/ln10/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +--- +title: Math.LN10 +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/LN10 +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/LN10 +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <strong><code>Math.LN10</code></strong> mewakili logaritma alami dari 10, mendekati 2.302:</p> + +<p><math display="block"><semantics><mrow><mstyle mathvariant="monospace"><mi>Math.LN10</mi></mstyle><mo>=</mo><mo lspace="0em" rspace="0em">ln</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>10</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>≈</mo><mn>2.302</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="TeX">\mathtt{\mi{Math.LN10}} = \ln(10) \approx 2.302</annotation></semantics></math></p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/math-ln10.html")}}</div> + +<p class="hidden">Sumber dari contoh interaktif ini disimpan di repositori GitHub. Apabila saudara ingin berkontribusi, silahkan klon <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> dan kirimi kami sebuah pull request.</p> + +<div>{{js_property_attributes(0, 0, 0)}}</div> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karena <code>LN10</code> adalah sebuah properti matematika statis, saudara selalu menggunakannya sebagai <code>Math.LN10</code>, daripada sebagai sebuah properti objek matematika yang saudara buat (<code>Math</code> bukan sebuah konstruktor).</p> + +<p><font face="x-locale-heading-primary, zillaslab, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, x-locale-heading-secondary, serif"><span style="font-size: 40px;"><strong>Contoh</strong></span></font></p> + +<p> + </p><h3 id="Menggunakan_Math.LN10">Menggunakan <code>Math.LN10</code></h3> +<p></p> + +<p>Fungsi berikut menampilkan log alami dari 10:</p> + +<pre class="brush:js">function getNatLog10() { + return Math.LN10; +} + +getNatLog10(); // 2.302585092994046 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specisifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi inisial. Diimplementasikan di JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8.1.2', 'Math.LN10')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math.ln10', 'Math.LN10')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math.ln10', 'Math.LN10')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_browser">Kompatibilitas browser</h2> + +<p class="hidden">The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Math.LN10")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.exp()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.log()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.log10()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/max/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/max/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..aeb1b207ce --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/max/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +--- +title: Math.max() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/max +tags: + - JavaScript + - Math + - Method + - Reference +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/max +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Fungsi <strong><code>Math.max()</code></strong> mengembalikan nilai terbesar dari zero atau lebih besar.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Math.max([<var>value1</var>[, <var>value2</var>[, ...]]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>value1, value2, ...</code></dt> + <dd>Nomor.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karena <code>max()</code> merupakan method static dari <code>Math</code>, anda perlu menggunakan <code>Math.max()</code>, daripada sebagai method dari objek <code>Math</code> yang anda buat (<code>Math</code> bukan constructor).</p> + +<p>Jika tidak diberi argumen, hasilnya akan -{{jsxref("Infinity")}}.</p> + +<p>Jika setidaknya satu argumen tidak dapat dikonversi ke angka, maka hasilnya {{jsxref("NaN")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_Math.max()">Penggunaan <code>Math.max()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">Math.max(10, 20); // 20 +Math.max(-10, -20); // -10 +Math.max(-10, 20); // 20 +</pre> + +<p>Pada contoh menggunakan fungsi {{jsxref("Function.prototype.apply()")}} untuk mencari nilai elemen maksimum pada sebuah numeric array. <code>getMaxOfArray([1, 2, 3])</code> sama halnya dengan <code>Math.max(1, 2, 3)</code>, tapi anda bisa menggunakan <code>getMaxOfArray()</code> pada programmatikal pembuatan array untuk semua ukuran.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function getMaxOfArray(numArray) { + return Math.max.apply(null, numArray); +} +</pre> + +<p>Atau dengan {{jsxref("Operators/Spread_operator", "spread operator")}} baru, mencari nilai terbesar menjadi lebih mudah.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = [1, 2, 3]; +var max = Math.max(...arr); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8.2.11', 'Math.max')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math.max', 'Math.max')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math.max', 'Math.max')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.min()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/min/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/min/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..eb557f36bf --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/min/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ +--- +title: Math.min() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/min +tags: + - JavaScript + - Math + - Method + - Reference +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/min +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Function <strong><code>Math.min()</code></strong> mengembalikan nilai terkecil dari zero atau lebih kecil.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Math.min([<var>value1</var>[, <var>value2</var>[, ...]]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>value1, value2, ...</code></dt> + <dd>Nomor.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karena <code>min()</code> merupakan static method dari <code>Math</code>, anda perlu menggunakan <code>Math.min()</code>, daripada sebagai method dari objek <code>Math</code> yang anda buat (<code>Math</code> bukanlah konstruktor).</p> + +<p>Jika tidak diberi argumen, hasilnya adalah {{jsxref("Infinity")}}.</p> + +<p>Jika setidaknya satu argumen tidak bisa di konversi ke angka, maka hasilnya{{jsxref("NaN")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_Math.min()">Menggunakan <code>Math.min()</code></h3> + +<p>Mencari nilai terkecil diantara <code>x</code> dan <code>y</code> dan menyimpannya di variabel <code>z</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = 10, y = -20; +var z = Math.min(x, y); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Mengambil_nilai_dengan_Math.min()">Mengambil nilai dengan <code>Math.min()</code></h3> + +<p><code>Math.min()</code> biasa digunakan untuk mengambil nilai yang terkecil atau sama berdasarkan batasan yang ada. contoh sebagai berikut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = f(foo); + +if (x > boundary) { + x = boundary; +} +</pre> + +<p>bisa ditulis sebagai berikut</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = Math.min(f(foo), boundary); +</pre> + +<p>{{jsxref("Math.max()")}} bisa digunakan sama halnya denga mengambil nilai pada setiap batasan.</p> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.8.2.12', 'Math.min')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-math.min', 'Math.min')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-math.min', 'Math.min')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Math.max()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/pow/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/pow/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..878fde0e04 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/math/pow/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +--- +title: Math.pow +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/pow +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/pow +--- +<h2 id="Summary" name="Summary">Ringkasan</h2> +<p>Mengembalikan <code>bilangan</code> terhadap Pangkat <code>exponent</code>,<span style="line-height: 1.572;"> yaitu, </span><code style="font-size: 14px;">bilangan<sup>eksponen</sup></code><span style="line-height: 1.572;">.</span></p> +<table class="standard-table"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th class="header" colspan="2"><em>Method</em> dari <a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math"><code>Math</code></a></th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Diimplementasikan pada</td> + <td>JavaScript 1.0</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Edisi ECMAScript</td> + <td>ECMAScript 1st Edition</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">Sintaks</h2> +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Math.pow(<em>bilangan</em>, <em>eksponen</em>) </code></pre> +<h3 id="Parameters" name="Parameters">Parameter</h3> +<dl> + <dt> + <code>bilangan</code></dt> + <dd> + Bilangan pokok.</dd> + <dt> + <code>eksponen</code></dt> + <dd> + Eksponen yang digunakan untuk memangkatkan bilangan pokok.</dd> +</dl> +<h2 id="Description" name="Description">Deskripsi</h2> +<p>Karena <code>pow</code> adalah sebuah <em>static method</em> dari <code>Math</code>, anda senantiasa menggunakannya sebagai <code>Math.pow()</code>, daripada sebagai sebuah <em>method</em> dari sebuah Objek <em><code>Math</code></em> yang anda buat.</p> +<h2 id="Examples" name="Examples">Contoh</h2> +<h3 id="Example:_Using_Math.pow" name="Example:_Using_Math.pow">Contoh: Penggunaan <code>Math.pow</code></h3> +<pre class="brush:js">function raisePower(x,y) { + return Math.pow(x,y) +}</pre> +<p>Jika <code>x</code> adalah 7 dan <code>y</code> adalah 2, raisePower mengembalikan 49 (7 dipangkatkan 2).</p> +<h2 id="See_also" name="See_also">Lihat juga</h2> +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/exp" title="JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/exp">Math.exp</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/log" title="JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/log">Math.log</a> + <p> </p> + </li> + +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/getprototypeof/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/getprototypeof/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6ac06ec718 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/getprototypeof/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +--- +title: Object.getPrototypeOf() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/getPrototypeOf +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/getPrototypeOf +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Metode <code><strong>Object.getPrototypeOf()</strong></code> mengembalikan nilai prototipe dari obyek yang disebutkan (misalnya, nilai dari properti internal <code>[[Prototype]]</code>).</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Object.getPrototypeOf(<var>obj</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>obj</code></dt> + <dd>Obyek yang memiliki prototipe.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Nilai_kembali">Nilai kembali</h3> + +<p>Prototipe dari obyek yang diberikan. Jika tidak ada property yang ditemukan, {{jsxref("null")}} yang akan dikembalikan.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">var proto = {}; +var obj = Object.create(proto); +Object.getPrototypeOf(obj) === proto; // true +</pre> + +<h2 id="Catatan">Catatan</h2> + +<p>Dalam ES5, akan melemparkan eksepsi {{jsxref("TypeError")}} jika parameter <code>obj</code> parameter bukanlah sebuah obyek. Dalam ES6, parameter akan dipaksa menjadi {{jsxref("Object")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">Object.getPrototypeOf("foo"); +// TypeError: "foo" is not an object (ES5 code) +Object.getPrototypeOf("foo"); +// String.prototype (ES6 code) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.2.3.2', 'Object.getPrototypeOf')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-object.getprototypeof', 'Object.getProtoypeOf')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-object.getprototypeof', 'Object.getProtoypeOf')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_perambah">Kompatibilitas perambah</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9.1")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("9")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("12.10")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari("5")}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Catatan_khusus_Opera">Catatan khusus Opera</h2> + +<p>Meskipun Opera dengan versi yang lebih lama belum mendukung <code>Object.getPrototypeOf()</code>, Opera mendukung properti non-standar {{jsxref("Object.proto", "__proto__")}} sejak Opera 10.50.</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.setPrototypeOf()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.prototype.__proto__")}}</li> + <li>John Resig's post on <a class="external" href="http://ejohn.org/blog/objectgetprototypeof/">getPrototypeOf</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Reflect.getPrototypeOf()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cc79ab6890 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ +--- +title: Object +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object +tags: + - Constructor + - JavaScript + - Object + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Konstruktor <code><strong>Object</strong></code> membuat sebuah pembungkus objek.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">// Persiapan literasi objek +{ [ <var>nameValuePair1</var>[, <var>nameValuePair2</var>[, ...<var>nameValuePairN</var>] ] ] } + +// Panggil konstruktor +new Object([<var>value</var>])</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>nameValuePair1, nameValuePair2, ... nameValuePair<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Pasangan dari nama (strings) dan nilai dimana nama dipisahkan dari nilai menggunakan titik dua (colon).</dd> + <dt><code>value</code></dt> + <dd>Nilai bebas.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Keterangan">Keterangan</h2> + +<p>Konstruktor <code>Object</code> membuat sebuah pembungkus objek dari nilai yang diberikan. Jika nilainya {{jsxref("null")}} atau {{jsxref("undefined")}}, maka akan menghasilkan dan mengembalikan objek kosong. Sebaliknya, akan mengembalikan sebuah objek dari Type yang bergantung pada nilai yang diberikan. Jika nilai adalah objek, maka nilai akan langsung dikembalikan.</p> + +<p>Ketika memanggil konteks non-constructor, <code>Object</code> berperilaku seperti layaknya <code>new Object()</code>.</p> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Object_initializer">object initializer / literal syntax</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Properti_dari_konstruktor_Object">Properti dari konstruktor <code>Object</code></h2> + +<dl> + <dt><code>Object.length</code></dt> + <dd>Bernilai 1.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Memungkinkan untuk menambahkan properti ke semua objek dari type Object.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Method_dari_konstruktor_Object">Method dari konstruktor <code>Object</code></h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.assign()")}}</dt> + <dd>Membuat objek baru dengan menyalin nilai dari semua properti enumerable dari satu atau lebih sumber ke sebuah objek target.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.create()")}}</dt> + <dd>Membuat objek baru dengan prototype dan properti objek tertentu.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.defineProperty()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menambahkan nama properti berdasarkan deskripsi yang diberikan oleh descriptor pada sebuah objek.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.defineProperties()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menambahkan nama properti yang dideskripsikan descriptors pada sebuah object.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.entries()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah array dari enumerable objek dengan pasangan properti <code>[key, value]</code>.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.freeze()")}}</dt> + <dd>Membekukan objek: kode lain tidak dapat dihapus atau diubah oleh semua properti.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah properti descriptor untuk nama propeti pada sebuah object.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyNames()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan array berisi nama dari semua objek yang diberikan <strong>own</strong> enumerable dan properti non-enumerable.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertySymbols()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah array dari semua properti simbol yang ditemukan secara langsung atas objek yang diberikan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.getPrototypeOf()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan prototype dari objek tertentu.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.is()")}}</dt> + <dd>Membandingkan dua nilai yang berbeda (mis. the same)</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.isExtensible()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan apakah memperluas objek di perbolehkan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.isFrozen()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan apakah objek telah beku.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.isSealed()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan apakah objek adalah sealed.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.keys()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menegembalikan array berisi nama dari semua objek properti <strong>own</strong> enumerable.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.preventExtensions()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mencegah ekstensi dari sebuah objek.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.seal()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mencegah kode lain dari penghapusan properti dari sebuah objek.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.setPrototypeOf()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengatur prototype (mis., internal properti <code>[[Prototype]]</code>)</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Object.values()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan array dari objek nilai own enumerable.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Perumpamaan_Object_dan_Object_prototype_objek">Perumpamaan <em><code>Object</code></em> dan <em><code>Object</code></em> prototype objek</h2> + +<p>Pada JavaScript, semua objek diturunkan dari <em><code>Object</code></em>; dan semua objek mewarisi method dan property dari <em>{{jsxref("Object.prototype")}}</em>, meskipun hal tersebut telah di-<em>override </em>(diganti). Sebagai contoh, prototipe konstruktor lain mengesampingkan properti konstruktor dan menyediakan metode <code>toString()</code> yang spesifik. Perubahan ke objek prototipe <code>Object</code> disebarkan ke semua objek kecuali properti dan metode yang telah diubah sebelumnya diganti di sepanjang rantai prototipe.</p> + +<h3 id="Properti">Properti</h3> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/prototype', 'Properties') }}</div> + +<h3 id="Method">Method</h3> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/prototype', 'Methods') }}</div> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Using_Object_given_undefined_and_null_types">Using <code>Object</code> given <code>undefined</code> and <code>null</code> types</h3> + +<p>Dibawah ini adalah contoh menyimpan objek kosong pada variabel <code>o</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var o = new Object(); +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">var o = new Object(undefined); +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">var o = new Object(null); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Using_Object_to_create_Boolean_objects">Using <code>Object</code> to create <code>Boolean</code> objects</h3> + +<p>Dibawah ini adalah contoh menyimpan objek {{jsxref("Boolean")}} pada variabel <code>o</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// equivalent to o = new Boolean(true); +var o = new Object(true); +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">// equivalent to o = new Boolean(false); +var o = new Object(Boolean()); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Rincian_Teknis">Rincian Teknis</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal. Diterapkan di JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.2', 'Object')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>-</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-object-objects', 'Object')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> + <p>Penambahan Object.assign, Object.getOwnPropertySymbols, Object.setPrototypeOf, Object.is</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-object-objects', 'Object')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td>Penambahan Object.entries, Object.values, dan Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kesesuaian_browser">Kesesuaian browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Object_initializer">Object initializer</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/keys/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/keys/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cc1c7dc1a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/keys/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ +--- +title: Object.keys() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p><code><strong>Object.keys()</strong></code> Metode mengembalikan array dari objek yang diberikan sendiri enumerable properti, dalam urutan yang sama seperti yang disediakan oleh loop {{jsxref("Statements/for...in", "for...in")}} (perbedaan adalah bahwa sebuah loop for-in enumerates properti dalam mata rantai prototipe juga).</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Object.keys(<var>obj</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>obj</code></dt> + <dd>Objek yang propertinya sendiri enumerable yang harus dikembalikan.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p><code>Object.keys()</code> mengembalikan array yang elemen string yang sesuai dengan properti enumerable yang ditemukan langsung pada objek. Urutan properti adalah sama dengan yang diberikan oleh perulangan / looping melalui properti dari objek secara manual.</p> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c']; +console.log(Object.keys(arr)); // console: ['0', '1', '2'] + +// array like object +var obj = { 0: 'a', 1: 'b', 2: 'c' }; +console.log(Object.keys(obj)); // console: ['0', '1', '2'] + +// array like object with random key ordering +var an_obj = { 100: 'a', 2: 'b', 7: 'c' }; +console.log(Object.keys(an_obj)); // console: ['2', '7', '100'] + +// getFoo is property which isn't enumerable +var my_obj = Object.create({}, { getFoo: { value: function() { return this.foo; } } }); +my_obj.foo = 1; + +console.log(Object.keys(my_obj)); // console: ['foo'] +</pre> + +<p>Jika Anda ingin semua properti, bahkan tidak enumerables, lihat {{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyNames()")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> + +<p>Dalam ES5, jika argumen untuk metode ini bukan merupakan objek (primitive), maka akan menyebabkan {{jsxref("TypeError")}}. Dalam ES6, argumen tidak-objek akan dipaksa untuk sebuah objek.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">Object.keys("foo"); +// TypeError: "foo" is not an object (ES5 code) + +Object.keys("foo"); +// ["0", "1", "2"] (ES6 code) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p>Untuk menambahkan kompatibel <code>Object.keys</code> dukungan dalam lingkungan yang lebih tua yang tidak native mendukung itu, copy potongan berikut:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// From https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys +if (!Object.keys) { + Object.keys = (function() { + 'use strict'; + var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty, + hasDontEnumBug = !({ toString: null }).propertyIsEnumerable('toString'), + dontEnums = [ + 'toString', + 'toLocaleString', + 'valueOf', + 'hasOwnProperty', + 'isPrototypeOf', + 'propertyIsEnumerable', + 'constructor' + ], + dontEnumsLength = dontEnums.length; + + return function(obj) { + if (typeof obj !== 'object' && (typeof obj !== 'function' || obj === null)) { + throw new TypeError('Object.keys called on non-object'); + } + + var result = [], prop, i; + + for (prop in obj) { + if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop)) { + result.push(prop); + } + } + + if (hasDontEnumBug) { + for (i = 0; i < dontEnumsLength; i++) { + if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, dontEnums[i])) { + result.push(dontEnums[i]); + } + } + } + return result; + }; + }()); +} +</pre> + +<p>Harap dicatat bahwa kode di atas termasuk kunci non-enumerable di IE7 (dan mungkin IE8), ketika lewat di sebuah objek dari berbagai window.</p> + +<p>Untuk Browser sederhana Polyfill, lihat <a href="http://tokenposts.blogspot.com.au/2012/04/javascript-objectkeys-browser.html">Javascript - Object.keys Browser Compatibility</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.2.3.14', 'Object.keys')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.8.5.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-object.keys', 'Object.keys')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-object.keys', 'Object.keys')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("5")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("2.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("9")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("12")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari("5")}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Enumerability_and_ownership_of_properties">Enumerability and ownership of properties</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.create()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyNames()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.values()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.entries()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/preventextensions/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/preventextensions/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3899fef48f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/object/preventextensions/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ +--- +title: Object.preventExtensions() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/preventExtensions +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/preventExtensions +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Metode <code><strong>Object.preventExtensions()</strong></code> mencegah properti-properti baru untuk ditambahkan pada sebuah obyek (mencegah ekstensi di masa depan pada sebuah obyek).</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Object.preventExtensions(<var>obj</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>obj</code></dt> + <dd>Obyek yang akan dibuat menjadi non-ekstensibel.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Pengembalian_nilai">Pengembalian nilai</h3> + +<p>Obyek yang telah dibuat non-ekstensibel.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p> </p> + +<p>Sebuah obyek disebut ekstensibel jika properti baru dapat ditambahkan ke dalamnya . <code>Object.preventExtensions()</code> menandai suatu obyek untuk menjadi tidak ekstensibel, sehingga tidak akan pernah memiliki properti diluar properti-properti yang dimiliki sebelum ditandai sebagai non-ekstensibel. Perhatikan bahwa properti-properti obyek non-ekstensibel, secara umum, masih dapat <em>dihapus</em>. Mencoba untuk menambah properti baru ke obyek non-ekstensibel akan gagal, baik secara diam-diam atau dengan melemparkan {{jsxref("TypeError")}} (paling umum, tetapi tidak secara eksklusif, ketika berada di {{jsxref("Functions_and_function_scope/Strict_mode", "strict mode", "", 1)}}).</p> + +<p><code>Object.preventExtensions()</code> hanya mencegah penambahan properti sendiri . Sifat masih bisa ditambahkan ke prototipe obyek. Namun, memanggil <code>Object.preventExtensions()</code> pada obyek juga akan mencegah ekstensi / penambahan properti {{jsxref("Object.proto", "__proto__")}} {{deprecated_inline}}.</p> + +<p>Jika ada cara untuk mengubah suatu obyek ekstensibel untuk satu non-ekstensibel, tidak ada cara untuk melakukan yang sebaliknya di ECMAScript 5 .</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Object.preventExtensions returns the object being made non-extensible. +var obj = {}; +var obj2 = Object.preventExtensions(obj); +obj === obj2; // true + +// Objects are extensible by default. +var empty = {}; +Object.isExtensible(empty); // === true + +// ...but that can be changed. +Object.preventExtensions(empty); +Object.isExtensible(empty); // === false + +// Object.defineProperty throws when adding a new property to a non-extensible object. +var nonExtensible = { removable: true }; +Object.preventExtensions(nonExtensible); +Object.defineProperty(nonExtensible, 'new', { value: 8675309 }); // throws a TypeError + +// In strict mode, attempting to add new properties to a non-extensible object throws a TypeError. +function fail() { + 'use strict'; + nonExtensible.newProperty = 'FAIL'; // throws a TypeError +} +fail(); + +// EXTENSION (only works in engines supporting __proto__ +// (which is deprecated. Use Object.getPrototypeOf instead)): +// A non-extensible object's prototype is immutable. +var fixed = Object.preventExtensions({}); +fixed.__proto__ = { oh: 'hai' }; // throws a TypeError +</pre> + +<h2 id="Catatan">Catatan</h2> + +<p>Pada ES5, jika argumen pada fungsi metode ini adalah bukan sebuah obyek (sebuah tipe data primitif), maka hal itu akan menyebabkan {{jsxref("TypeError")}}. Pada ES6, sebuah argumen non-obyek akan diperlakukan seperti obyek tersebut obyek biasa yang non-ekstensibel, dan langsung mengembalikan nilai. </p> + +<pre class="brush: js">Object.preventExtensions(1); +// TypeError: 1 is not an object (ES5 code) + +Object.preventExtensions(1); +// 1 (ES6 code) +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.2.3.10', 'Object.preventExtensions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal. Terimplementasi pada JavaScript 1.8.5.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-object.preventextensions', 'Object.preventExtensions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-object.preventextensions', 'Object.preventExtensions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_kompatibilitas">Browser kompatibilitas</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("6")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("2.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("9")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("12")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari("5.1")}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>ES6 behavior for non-object argument</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("44")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("35.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE("11")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera("31")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>ES6 behavior for non-object argument</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("35.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.isExtensible()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.seal()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.isSealed()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.freeze()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.isFrozen()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Reflect.preventExtensions()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/catch/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/catch/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f2d5e38e8f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/catch/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ +--- +title: Promise.prototype.catch() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/catch +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - Method + - Promise + - Prototype + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/catch +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong>catch()</strong> mengembalikan <code>Promise</code> dan hanya setuju jika kasusnya gagal. Sama halnya dengan memenggil method {{jsxref("Promise.then", "Promise.prototype.then(undefined, onRejected)")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>p.catch(onRejected)</var>; + +p.catch(function(reason) { + // rejection +}); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>onRejected</dt> + <dd> {{jsxref("Function")}} dipanggil ketika <code>Promise</code> ditolak. Fungsi ini memiliki satu argumen, alasan penolakan.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>catch</code> sangat berguna untuk menangani error di gabungan promis anda.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_method_catch">Penggunaan method <code>catch</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var p1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { + resolve('Success'); +}); + +p1.then(function(value) { + console.log(value); // "Success!" + throw 'oh, no!'; +}).catch(function(e) { + console.log(e); // "oh, no!" +}).then(function(){ + console.log('after a catch the chain is restored'); +}, function () { + console.log('Not fired due to the catch'); +}); + +// The following behaves the same as above +p1.then(function(value) { + console.log(value); // "Success!" + return Promise.reject('oh, no!'); +}).catch(function(e) { + console.log(e); // "oh, no!" +}).then(function(){ + console.log('after a catch the chain is restored'); +}, function () { + console.log('Not fired due to the catch'); +}); + +</pre> + +<h3 id="Promis_tidak_dapat_mendeteksi_error_pada_asynchronous_callback">Promis tidak dapat mendeteksi error pada asynchronous callback</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var p1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { + throw 'Uh-oh!'; +}); + +p1.catch(function(e) { + console.log(e); // "Uh-oh!" +}); + + +var p2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { + setTimeout(function() { + throw 'Uncaught Exception!'; + }, 1000); +}); + +p2.catch(function(e) { + console.log(e); // This is never called +});</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-promise.prototype.catch', 'Promise.prototype.catch')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition in an ECMA standard.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-promise.prototype.catch', 'Promise.prototype.catch')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p> </p> + +<p class="hidden">The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Promise.catch")}}</p> + +<p> </p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise.prototype.then()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..240915ba23 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,317 @@ +--- +title: Promise +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Promise + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>The <strong><code>Promise</code></strong> object is used for deferred and asynchronous computations. A <code>Promise</code> represents an operation that hasn't completed yet, but is expected in the future.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">new Promise( /* executor */ function(resolve, reject) { ... } );</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>executor</dt> + <dd>A function that will be passed to other functions via the arguments <code>resolve</code> and <code>reject</code>. The <code>executor</code> function is executed immediately by the Promise implementation which provides the <code>resolve</code> and <code>reject</code> functions (the executor is called before the <code>Promise</code> constructor even returns the created object). The <code>resolve</code> and <code>reject</code> functions are bound to the promise and calling them fulfills or rejects the promise, respectively. The executor is expected to initiate some asynchronous work and then, once that completes, call either the <code>resolve</code> or <code>reject</code> function to resolve the promise's final value or else reject it if an error occurred.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>A <code><strong>Promise</strong></code> represents a proxy for a value not necessarily known when the promise is created. It allows you to associate handlers to an asynchronous action's eventual success value or failure reason. This lets asynchronous methods return values like synchronous methods: instead of the final value, the asynchronous method returns a <em>promise</em> of having a value at some point in the future.</p> + +<p>A <code>Promise</code> is in one of these states:</p> + +<ul> + <li><em>pending</em>: initial state, not fulfilled or rejected.</li> + <li><em>fulfilled</em>: meaning that the operation completed successfully.</li> + <li><em>rejected</em>: meaning that the operation failed.</li> +</ul> + +<p>A pending promise can become either <em>fulfilled</em> with a value, or <em>rejected</em> with a reason (error). When either of these happens, the associated handlers queued up by a promise's <code>then</code> method are called. (If the promise has already been fulfilled or rejected when a corresponding handler is attached, the handler will be called, so there is no race condition between an asynchronous operation completing and its handlers being attached.)</p> + +<p>As the <code>{{jsxref("Promise.then", "Promise.prototype.then()")}}</code> and <code>{{jsxref("Promise.catch", "Promise.prototype.catch()")}}</code> methods return promises, they can be chained—an operation called <em>composition</em>.</p> + +<p><img alt="" src="https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/8633/promises.png"></p> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note</strong>: A promise is said to be <em>settled </em>if it is either fulfilled or rejected, but not pending. You will also hear the term <em>resolved</em> used with promises — this means that the promise is settled, or it is locked into a promise chain. Domenic Denicola's <a href="https://github.com/domenic/promises-unwrapping/blob/master/docs/states-and-fates.md">States and fates</a> contains more details about promise terminology.</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><code>Promise.length</code></dt> + <dd>Length property whose value is 1 (number of constructor arguments).</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Promise.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Represents the prototype for the <code>Promise</code> constructor.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Methods">Methods</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Promise.all", "Promise.all(iterable)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns a promise that either resolves when all of the promises in the iterable argument have resolved or rejects as soon as one of the promises in the iterable argument rejects. If the returned promise resolves, it is resolved with an array of the values from the resolved promises in the iterable. If the returned promise rejects, it is rejected with the reason from the promise in the iterable that rejected. This method can be useful for aggregating results of multiple promises together.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Promise.race", "Promise.race(iterable)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns a promise that resolves or rejects as soon as one of the promises in the iterable resolves or rejects, with the value or reason from that promise.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Promise.reject", "Promise.reject(reason)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns a <code>Promise</code> object that is rejected with the given reason.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Promise.resolve", "Promise.resolve(value)")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns a <code>Promise</code> object that is resolved with the given value. If the value is a thenable (i.e. has a <code>then</code> method), the returned promise will "follow" that thenable, adopting its eventual state; otherwise the returned promise will be fulfilled with the value. Generally, if you want to know if a value is a promise or not - {{jsxref("Promise.resolve", "Promise.resolve(value)")}} it instead and work with the return value as a promise.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Promise_prototype"><code>Promise</code> prototype</h2> + +<h3 id="Properties_2">Properties</h3> + +<p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/prototype','Properties')}}</p> + +<h3 id="Methods_2">Methods</h3> + +<p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/prototype','Methods')}}</p> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Creating_a_Promise">Creating a Promise</h3> + +<pre class="brush: html hidden"><button id="btn">Make a promise!</button> +<div id="log"></div> +</pre> + +<p>This small example shows the mechanism of a <code>Promise</code>. The <code>testPromise()</code> method is called each time the {{HTMLElement("button")}} is clicked. It creates a promise that will resolve, using {{domxref("window.setTimeout()")}}, to the promise count (number starting from 1) every 1-3 seconds, at random. The <code>Promise()</code> constructor is used to create the promise.</p> + +<p>The fulfillment of the promise is simply logged, via a fulfill callback set using {{jsxref("Promise.prototype.then()","p1.then()")}}. A few logs shows how the synchronous part of the method is decoupled of the asynchronous completion of the promise.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'use strict'; +var promiseCount = 0; + +function testPromise() { + var thisPromiseCount = ++promiseCount; + + var log = document.getElementById('log'); + log.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', thisPromiseCount + + ') Started (<small>Sync code started</small>)<br/>'); + + // We make a new promise: we promise a numeric count of this promise, starting from 1 (after waiting 3s) + var p1 = new Promise( + // The resolver function is called with the ability to resolve or + // reject the promise + function(resolve, reject) { + log.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', thisPromiseCount + + ') Promise started (<small>Async code started</small>)<br/>'); + // This is only an example to create asynchronism + window.setTimeout( + function() { + // We fulfill the promise ! + resolve(thisPromiseCount); + }, Math.random() * 2000 + 1000); + } + ); + + // We define what to do when the promise is resolved/fulfilled with the then() call, + // and the catch() method defines what to do if the promise is rejected. + p1.then( + // Log the fulfillment value + function(val) { + log.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', val + + ') Promise fulfilled (<small>Async code terminated</small>)<br/>'); + }) + .catch( + // Log the rejection reason + function(reason) { + console.log('Handle rejected promise ('+reason+') here.'); + }); + + log.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', thisPromiseCount + + ') Promise made (<small>Sync code terminated</small>)<br/>'); +}</pre> + +<pre class="brush:js hidden">if ("Promise" in window) { + var btn = document.getElementById("btn"); + btn.addEventListener("click",testPromise); +} +else { + log = document.getElementById('log'); + log.innerHTML = "Live example not available as your browser doesn't support the <code>Promise<code> interface."; +} +</pre> + +<p>This example is executed when clicking the button. You need a browser supporting <code>Promise</code>. By clicking several times the button in a short amount of time, you'll even see the different promises being fulfilled one after the other.</p> + +<p>{{EmbedLiveSample("Creating_a_Promise", "500", "200")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Example_using_new_XMLHttpRequest()">Example using new XMLHttpRequest()</h2> + +<h3 id="Creating_a_Promise_2">Creating a Promise</h3> + +<p>This example shows the implementation of a method which uses a <code>Promise</code> to report the success or failure of an {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'use strict'; + +// A-> $http function is implemented in order to follow the standard Adapter pattern +function $http(url){ + + // A small example of object + var core = { + + // Method that performs the ajax request + ajax : function (method, url, args) { + + // Creating a promise + var promise = new Promise( function (resolve, reject) { + + // Instantiates the XMLHttpRequest + var client = new XMLHttpRequest(); + var uri = url; + + if (args && (method === 'POST' || method === 'PUT')) { + uri += '?'; + var argcount = 0; + for (var key in args) { + if (args.hasOwnProperty(key)) { + if (argcount++) { + uri += '&'; + } + uri += encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(args[key]); + } + } + } + + client.open(method, uri); + client.send(); + + client.onload = function () { + if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 300) { + // Performs the function "resolve" when this.status is equal to 2xx + resolve(this.response); + } else { + // Performs the function "reject" when this.status is different than 2xx + reject(this.statusText); + } + }; + client.onerror = function () { + reject(this.statusText); + }; + }); + + // Return the promise + return promise; + } + }; + + // Adapter pattern + return { + 'get' : function(args) { + return core.ajax('GET', url, args); + }, + 'post' : function(args) { + return core.ajax('POST', url, args); + }, + 'put' : function(args) { + return core.ajax('PUT', url, args); + }, + 'delete' : function(args) { + return core.ajax('DELETE', url, args); + } + }; +}; +// End A + +// B-> Here you define its functions and its payload +var mdnAPI = 'https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/search.json'; +var payload = { + 'topic' : 'js', + 'q' : 'Promise' +}; + +var callback = { + success : function(data){ + console.log(1, 'success', JSON.parse(data)); + }, + error : function(data){ + console.log(2, 'error', JSON.parse(data)); + } +}; +// End B + +// Executes the method call +$http(mdnAPI) + .get(payload) + .then(callback.success) + .catch(callback.error); + +// Executes the method call but an alternative way (1) to handle Promise Reject case +$http(mdnAPI) + .get(payload) + .then(callback.success, callback.error); + +// Executes the method call but an alternative way (2) to handle Promise Reject case +$http(mdnAPI) + .get(payload) + .then(callback.success) + .then(undefined, callback.error); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Loading_an_image_with_XHR">Loading an image with XHR</h3> + +<p>Another simple example using <code>Promise</code> and <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></code> to load an image is available at the MDN GitHub<a href="https://github.com/mdn/promises-test/blob/gh-pages/index.html"> promise-test</a> repository. You can also <a href="http://mdn.github.io/promises-test/">see it in action</a>. Each step is commented and allows you to follow the Promise and XHR architecture closely.</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-promise-objects', 'Promise')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition in an ECMA standard.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-promise-objects', 'Promise')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<p> </p> + +<div> + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Promise")}}</p> +</div> + +<p> </p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="http://promisesaplus.com/">Promises/A+ specification</a></li> + <li><a href="http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/es6/promises/">Jake Archibald: JavaScript Promises: There and Back Again</a></li> + <li><a href="http://de.slideshare.net/domenicdenicola/callbacks-promises-and-coroutines-oh-my-the-evolution-of-asynchronicity-in-javascript">Domenic Denicola: Callbacks, Promises, and Coroutines – Asynchronous Programming Patterns in JavaScript</a></li> + <li><a href="http://www.mattgreer.org/articles/promises-in-wicked-detail/">Matt Greer: JavaScript Promises ... In Wicked Detail</a></li> + <li><a href="https://www.promisejs.org/">Forbes Lindesay: promisejs.org</a></li> + <li><a href="http://pouchdb.com/2015/05/18/we-have-a-problem-with-promises.html">Nolan Lawson: We have a problem with promises — Common mistakes with promises</a></li> + <li><a href="https://github.com/jakearchibald/es6-promise/">Promise polyfill</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/reject/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/reject/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..180fcc5571 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/reject/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +--- +title: Promise.reject() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/reject +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - Method + - Promise + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/reject +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>Promise.reject(reason)</strong></code> mengembalikan objek <code>Promise</code> yang ditolak dengan alasan yang diberikan.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>Promise.reject(reason)</var>;</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>reason</dt> + <dd>Alasan kenapa <code>Promise</code> ditolak.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Fungsi static <code>Promise.reject</code> mengembalikan <code>Promise</code> yang ditolak. Untuk keperluan debugging dan seleksi penankapan error, sangat berguna untuk membuat <code>reason</code> pada <code>instanceof</code> {{jsxref("Error")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_mthod_static_Promise.reject()">Penggunaan mthod static Promise.reject()</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">Promise.reject("Testing static reject").then(function(reason) { + // not called +}, function(reason) { + console.log(reason); // "Testing static reject" +}); + +Promise.reject(new Error("fail")).then(function(error) { + // not called +}, function(error) { + console.log(error); // Stacktrace +});</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-promise.reject', 'Promise.reject')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition in an ECMA standard.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-promise.reject', 'Promise.reject')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p class="hidden">The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Promise.reject")}}</p> + +<p> </p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise")}}</li> + <li><a href="https://github.com/petkaantonov/bluebird#error-handling">Selective error catching using the BlueBird Promise library</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/resolve/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/resolve/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d958ab4d52 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/resolve/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +--- +title: Promise.resolve() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/resolve +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - JavaScript + - Method + - Promise +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/resolve +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>Promise.resolve(value)</strong></code> mengembalikan objek {{jsxref("Promise.then")}} yang diselesaikan dengan nilai yang diberikan. jika nilainya thenable (mis. memiliki {{jsxref("Promise.then", "\"then\" method")}}), promise yang dikembalikan akan "mengikuti" thenable-nya, menggunakan keadaan ini; sebaliknya promise akan dikembalikan sesuai nilai yang terpenuhi.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>Promise.resolve(value)</var>; +Promise.resolve(promise); +Promise.resolve(thenable); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>value</dt> + <dd>Argumen untuk diselesaikan oleh <code>Promise</code>. Dapat juga sebuah <code>Promise</code> atau thenable untuk diselesaikan.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Fungsi statis <code>Promise.resolve</code> mengembalikan <code>Promise</code> yang terselesaikan.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_method_static_Promise.resolve">Penggunaan method static <code>Promise.resolve</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">Promise.resolve("Success").then(function(value) { + console.log(value); // "Success" +}, function(value) { + // not called +}); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Penyelesaian_pada_array">Penyelesaian pada array</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var p = Promise.resolve([1,2,3]); +p.then(function(v) { + console.log(v[0]); // 1 +}); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Penyelesaian_pada_Promise_lain">Penyelesaian pada <code>Promise </code>lain</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var original = Promise.resolve(true); +var cast = Promise.resolve(original); +cast.then(function(v) { + console.log(v); // true +}); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Penyelesaian_thenables_dan_throwing_Errors">Penyelesaian thenables dan throwing Errors</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Resolving a thenable object +var p1 = Promise.resolve({ + then: function(onFulfill, onReject) { onFulfill("fulfilled!"); } +}); +console.log(p1 instanceof Promise) // true, object casted to a Promise + +p1.then(function(v) { + console.log(v); // "fulfilled!" + }, function(e) { + // not called +}); + +// Thenable throws before callback +// Promise rejects +var thenable = { then: function(resolve) { + throw new TypeError("Throwing"); + resolve("Resolving"); +}}; + +var p2 = Promise.resolve(thenable); +p2.then(function(v) { + // not called +}, function(e) { + console.log(e); // TypeError: Throwing +}); + +// Thenable throws after callback +// Promise resolves +var thenable = { then: function(resolve) { + resolve("Resolving"); + throw new TypeError("Throwing"); +}}; + +var p3 = Promise.resolve(thenable); +p3.then(function(v) { + console.log(v); // "Resolving" +}, function(e) { + // not called +}); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-promise.resolve', 'Promise.resolve')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition in an ECMA standard.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-promise.resolve', 'Promise.resolve')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p> </p> + +<p class="hidden">The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Promise.resolve")}}</p> + +<p> </p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/then/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/then/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5a1e275c8c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/promise/then/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,132 @@ +--- +title: Promise.prototype.then() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/then +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - JavaScript + - Method + - Promise + - Prototype + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/then +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>then()</strong></code> mengembalikan {{domxref("Promise")}}. Menggunakan dua argumen: fungsi callback untuk kasus sukses dan gagal pada <code>Promise</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>p.then(onFulfilled, onRejected)</var>; + +p.then(function(value) { + // fulfillment + }, function(reason) { + // rejection +}); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>onFulfilled</code></dt> + <dd>{{jsxref("Function")}} dipanggil ketika <code>Promise</code> dipenuhi. Fungsi ini memiliki satu argumen, <code>value pemenuhan</code>.</dd> + <dt><code>onRejected</code></dt> + <dd>{{jsxref("Function")}} dipangil ketika <code>Promise</code> ditolak. fungsi ini memiliki satau argumen, alasan penolakan.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Kedua method <code>then</code> dan {{jsxref("Promise.prototype.catch()")}} megembalikan promis, juga dapat dirantaikan — operasi yang disebut <em>composition</em>.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Meggunakan_method_then">Meggunakan method <code>then</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var p1 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { + resolve("Success!"); + // or + // reject ("Error!"); +}); + +p1.then(function(value) { + console.log(value); // Success! +}, function(reason) { + console.log(reason); // Error! +}); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Perantaian">Perantaian</h3> + +<p>Karena method <code>then</code> mengembalikan <code>Promise</code>, anda bisa merantaikan pemanggilan <code>then</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var p2 = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { + resolve(1); +}); + +p2.then(function(value) { + console.log(value); // 1 + return value + 1; +}).then(function(value) { + console.log(value); // 2 +}); + +p2.then(function(value) { + console.log(value); // 1 +}); +</pre> + +<p>Anda juga bisa menggunakan perantaian untuk melaksanakan satu fungsi dengan sebuah Promise berbasis API diatas fungsi lainnya.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function fetch_current_data() { + // The <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/GlobalFetch/fetch">fetch</a>() API returns a Promise. This function + // exposes a similar API, except the fulfillment + // value of this function's Promise has had more + // work done on it. + return fetch("current-data.json").then((response) => { + if (response.headers.get("content-type") != "application/json") { + throw new TypeError(); + } + var j = response.json(); + // maybe do something with j + return j; // fulfillment value given to user of + // fetch_current_data().then() + }); +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-promise.prototype.then', 'Promise.prototype.then')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition in an ECMA standard.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-promise.prototype.then', 'Promise.prototype.then')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p class="hidden">The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Promise.then")}}</p> + +<p> </p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise.prototype.catch()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8bd6dce4b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ +--- +title: RegExp +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div><p>The <strong><code>RegExp</code></strong>objek digunakan untuk pencocokan teks dengan pola.</p> + +<p>Untuk pengantar ekspresi reguler, baca <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">bab Ekspresi Reguler</a> di <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">Panduan JavaScript</a> .</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<h3 id="Notasi_dan_konstruktor_literal">Notasi dan konstruktor literal</h3> + +<p>Ada dua cara untuk membuat <code>RegExp</code>objek: <em>notasi literal</em> dan <em>konstruktor</em> .</p> + +<ul> + <li>Parameter <strong>notasi literal</strong> terlampir di antara garis miring dan tidak menggunakan tanda kutip.</li> + <li>Parameter <strong>fungsi konstruktor</strong> tidak tertutup di antara garis miring tetapi menggunakan tanda kutip.</li> +</ul> + +<p>Tiga ekspresi berikut membuat ekspresi reguler yang sama:</p> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>/ab+c/i +new RegExp(/ab+c/, 'i') // literal notation +new RegExp('ab+c', 'i') // constructor +</code></pre> + +<p>Notasi literal menghasilkan kompilasi dari ekspresi reguler ketika ekspresi dievaluasi. Gunakan notasi literal ketika ekspresi reguler akan tetap konstan. Misalnya, jika Anda menggunakan notasi literal untuk membuat ekspresi reguler yang digunakan dalam satu lingkaran, ekspresi reguler tidak akan dikompilasi ulang pada setiap iterasi.</p> + +<p>Konstruktor objek ekspresi reguler — misalnya, <code>new RegExp('ab+c')</code>—menghasilkan kompilasi runtime dari ekspresi reguler. Gunakan fungsi konstruktor ketika Anda tahu pola ekspresi reguler akan berubah, atau Anda tidak tahu pola dan mendapatkannya dari sumber lain, seperti input pengguna.</p> + +<h3 id="Bendera_dalam_konstruktor">Bendera dalam konstruktor</h3> + +<p>Dimulai dengan ECMAScript 6, <code>new RegExp(/ab+c/, 'i')</code>tidak lagi melempar a <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypeError"><code>TypeError</code></a>( <code>"can't supply flags when constructing one RegExp from another"</code>) ketika argumen pertama adalah a <code>RegExp</code>dan <code><var>flags</var></code>argumen kedua hadir. Sebagai <code>RegExp</code>gantinya, argumen baru dibuat.</p> + +<p>Saat menggunakan fungsi konstruktor, aturan pelolosan string normal (mendahului karakter khusus <code>\</code>ketika disertakan dalam string) diperlukan.</p> + +<p>Misalnya, yang berikut ini setara:</p> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>let re = /\w+/ +let re = new RegExp('\\w+') +</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Properti_Reg-suka_seperti_Perl">Properti Reg-suka seperti Perl</h3> + +<p>Perhatikan bahwa beberapa <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp"><code>RegExp</code></a>properti memiliki nama panjang dan pendek (seperti Perl). Kedua nama selalu merujuk pada nilai yang sama. (Perl adalah bahasa pemrograman tempat JavaScript memodelkan ekspresi regulernya.). Lihat juga <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Deprecated_and_obsolete_features#RegExp_Properties">properti yang </a><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Deprecated_and_obsolete_features#RegExp_Properties">sudah usang <code>RegExp</code>.</a></p> + +<h2 id="Konstruktor">Konstruktor</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/RegExp"><code>RegExp()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Menciptakan <code>RegExp</code>objek baru .</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Sifat_statis">Sifat statis</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@species"><code>get RegExp[@@species]</code></a></dt> + <dd>The constructor function that is used to create derived objects.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/lastIndex"><code>RegExp.lastIndex</code></a></dt> + <dd>The index at which to start the next match.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Instance_properties">Instance properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/flags"><code>RegExp.prototype.flags</code></a></dt> + <dd>A string that contains the flags of the <code>RegExp</code> object.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/dotAll"><code>RegExp.prototype.dotAll</code></a></dt> + <dd>Whether <code>.</code> matches newlines or not.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/global"><code>RegExp.prototype.global</code></a></dt> + <dd>Whether to test the regular expression against all possible matches in a string, or only against the first.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/ignoreCase"><code>RegExp.prototype.ignoreCase</code></a></dt> + <dd>Whether to ignore case while attempting a match in a string.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/multiline"><code>RegExp.prototype.multiline</code></a></dt> + <dd>Whether or not to search in strings across multiple lines.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/source"><code>RegExp.prototype.source</code></a></dt> + <dd>The text of the pattern.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/sticky"><code>RegExp.prototype.sticky</code></a></dt> + <dd>Whether or not the search is sticky.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/unicode"><code>RegExp.prototype.unicode</code></a></dt> + <dd>Whether or not Unicode features are enabled.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Instance_methods">Instance methods</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/compile"><code>RegExp.prototype.compile()</code></a></dt> + <dd>(Re-)compiles a regular expression during execution of a script.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/exec"><code>RegExp.prototype.exec()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Executes a search for a match in its string parameter.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/test"><code>RegExp.prototype.test()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Tests for a match in its string parameter.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/toString"><code>RegExp.prototype.toString()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Returns a string representing the specified object. Overrides the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/toString"><code>Object.prototype.toString()</code></a> method.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@match"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@match]()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Performs match to given string and returns match result.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@matchAll"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@matchAll]()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Returns all matches of the regular expression against a string.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@replace"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@replace]()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Replaces matches in given string with new substring.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@search"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@search]()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Searches the match in given string and returns the index the pattern found in the string.</dd> + <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/@@split"><code>RegExp.prototype[@@split]()</code></a></dt> + <dd>Splits given string into an array by separating the string into substring.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Using_a_regular_expression_to_change_data_format">Using a regular expression to change data format</h3> + +<p>The following script uses the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replace"><code>replace()</code></a> method of the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String"><code>String</code></a> instance to match a name in the format <em>first last</em> and output it in the format <em>last, first</em>.</p> + +<p>In the replacement text, the script uses <code>$1</code> and <code>$2</code> to indicate the results of the corresponding matching parentheses in the regular expression pattern.</p> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>let re = /(\w+)\s(\w+)/ +let str = 'John Smith' +let newstr = str.replace(re, '$2, $1') +console.log(newstr) +</code></pre> + +<p>This displays <code>"Smith, John"</code>.</p> + +<h3 id="Using_regular_expression_to_split_lines_with_different_line_endingsends_of_lineline_breaks">Using regular expression to split lines with different line endings/ends of line/line breaks</h3> + +<p>The default line ending varies depending on the platform (Unix, Windows, etc.). The line splitting provided in this example works on all platforms.</p> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>let text = 'Some text\nAnd some more\r\nAnd yet\rThis is the end' +let lines = text.split(/\r\n|\r|\n/) +console.log(lines) // logs [ 'Some text', 'And some more', 'And yet', 'This is the end' ] +</code></pre> + +<p>Note that the order of the patterns in the regular expression matters.</p> + +<h3 id="Using_regular_expression_on_multiple_lines">Using regular expression on multiple lines</h3> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>let s = 'Please yes\nmake my day!' + +s.match(/yes.*day/); +// Returns null + +s.match(/yes[^]*day/); +// Returns ["yes\nmake my day"] +</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Using_a_regular_expression_with_the_sticky_flag">Using a regular expression with the sticky flag</h3> + +<p>The <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/sticky"><code>sticky</code></a> flag indicates that the regular expression performs sticky matching in the target string by attempting to match starting at <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/lastIndex"><code>RegExp.prototype.lastIndex</code></a>.</p> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>let str = '#foo#' +let regex = /foo/y + +regex.lastIndex = 1 +regex.test(str) // true +regex.lastIndex = 5 +regex.test(str) // false (lastIndex is taken into account with sticky flag) +regex.lastIndex // 0 (reset after match failure)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="The_difference_between_the_sticky_flag_and_the_global_flag">The difference between the sticky flag and the global flag</h3> + +<p>With the sticky flag <code>y</code>, the next match has to happen at the <code>lastIndex</code> position, while with the global flag <code>g</code>, the match can happen at the <code>lastIndex</code> position or later:</p> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>re = /\d/y; +while (r = re.exec("123 456")) console.log(r, "AND re.lastIndex", re.lastIndex); + +// [ '1', index: 0, input: '123 456', groups: undefined ] AND re.lastIndex 1 +// [ '2', index: 1, input: '123 456', groups: undefined ] AND re.lastIndex 2 +// [ '3', index: 2, input: '123 456', groups: undefined ] AND re.lastIndex 3 +// ... and no more match.</code></pre> + +<p>With the global flag <code>g</code>, all 6 digits would be matched, not just 3.</p> + +<h3 id="Regular_expression_and_Unicode_characters">Regular expression and Unicode characters</h3> + +<p>As mentioned above, <code>\w</code> or <code>\W</code> only matches ASCII based characters; for example, <code>a</code> to <code>z</code>, <code>A</code> to <code>Z</code>, <code>0</code> to <code>9</code>, and <code>_</code>.</p> + +<p>To match characters from other languages such as Cyrillic or Hebrew, use <code>\u<var>hhhh</var></code>, where <code><var>hhhh</var></code> is the character's Unicode value in hexadecimal.</p> + +<p>This example demonstrates how one can separate out Unicode characters from a word.</p> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>let text = 'Образец text на русском языке' +let regex = /[\u0400-\u04FF]+/g + +let match = regex.exec(text) +console.log(match[0]) // logs 'Образец' +console.log(regex.lastIndex) // logs '7' + +let match2 = regex.exec(text) +console.log(match2[0]) // logs 'на' [did not log 'text'] +console.log(regex.lastIndex) // logs '15' + +// and so on +</code></pre> + +<p>The <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions/Unicode_Property_Escapes">Unicode property escapes</a> feature introduces a solution, by allowing for a statement as simple as <code>\p{scx=Cyrl}</code>. One can also use an external resource for getting the complete Unicode block range for different scripts, such as <a href="http://kourge.net/projects/regexp-unicode-block" rel="noopener">Regexp-Unicode-block</a>.</p> + +<h3 id="Extracting_sub-domain_name_from_URL">Extracting sub-domain name from URL</h3> + +<pre class="notranslate"><code>let url = 'http://xxx.domain.com' +console.log(/[^.]+/.exec(url)[0].substr(7)) // logs 'xxx' +</code></pre> + +<p>Instead of using regular expressions for parsing URLs, it is usually better to use the browsers built-in URL parser by using the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL_API">URL API</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><a href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-regexp-regular-expression-objects" hreflang="en" lang="en" rel="noopener">ECMAScript (ECMA-262)<br> + <small lang="en-US">The definition of 'RegExp' in that specification.</small></a></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.RegExp")}}</p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">Regular Expressions</a> chapter in the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide">JavaScript Guide</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/match"><code>String.prototype.match()</code></a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replace"><code>String.prototype.replace()</code></a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/concat/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/concat/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0ba2b2a156 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/concat/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype.concat() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/concat +tags: + - JavaScript + - Referensi + - String +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/concat +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>concat()</code></strong> menggabungkan dua teks atau lebih menjadi sebuah string baru.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.concat(<var>string2</var>, <var>string3</var>[, ..., <var>stringN</var>])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>string2...string<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>String untuk menggabungkan string.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Fungsi <code>concat()</code> menggabungkan teks dari satu atau lebih string dan mengembalikanya menjadi sebuah string. Perubahan pada salah satu teks tidak mempengaruhi string lainnya.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_concat()">Penggunaan <code>concat()</code></h3> + +<p>Untuk menggabungkan string menjadi sebuah string baru seperti pada contoh dibawah.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var halo = 'Halo, '; +console.log(halo.concat('Didik', ' semoga hari ini menyenangkan.')); + +/* Halo, Didik semoga hari ini menyenangkan. */ +</pre> + +<h2 id="Performa">Performa</h2> + +<p>Sangat disarankan untuk menggunakan {{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "assignment operators", "", 1)}} (<code>+</code>, <code>+=</code>) pada method <code>concat()</code>. lihat <a href="http://jsperf.com/concat-vs-plus-vs-join">test performa berikut ini</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.4.6', 'String.prototype.concat')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype.concat', 'String.prototype.concat')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.prototype.concat', 'String.prototype.concat')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome untuk Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.concat()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "Assignment operators", "", 1)}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/fromcharcode/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/fromcharcode/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..786e32883e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/fromcharcode/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ +--- +title: String.fromCharCode() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/fromCharCode +tags: + - JavaScript + - Method + - Metode + - Reference + - Referensi + - String + - Unicode +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/fromCharCode +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Metode statis <strong><code>String.fromCharCode()</code></strong> mengembalikan sebuah string yang dibuat dari barisan nilai Unicode tertentu.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintak">Sintak</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox notranslate"><code>String.fromCharCode(<var>num1</var>[, ...[, <var>numN</var>]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>num1, ..., num<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Barisan dari angka-angka yang merupakan nilai Unicode.Jangkauannya antara 0 sampai dengan 65535(0xFFFF).Nomor yang lebih besar dari 0xFFFF dipotong.Tidak ada cek validasi yang dilakukan. </dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Nilai_kembalian">Nilai kembalian</h3> + +<p>Sebuah string yang di dalamnya terdapat karakter-karakter sesuai nilai Unicode dari barisan angka yang diberikan.</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Metode ini mengembalikan sebuah string dan bukan objek {{jsxref("String")}}.</p> + +<p>Karena <code>fromCharCode()</code> merupakan metode statis dari {{jsxref("String")}}, Anda selalu bisa menggunakannya sebagai <code>String.fromCharCode()</code>, daripada sebagai metode dari objek {{jsxref("String")}} yang Anda buat.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_fromCharCode">Menggunakan <code>fromCharCode()</code></h3> + +<p>Contoh di bawah ini mengembalikan string "ABC".</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">String.fromCharCode(65, 66, 67); // "ABC" +</pre> + +<h2 id="Membuatnya_bekerja_dengan_nilai_yang_lebih_tinggi">Membuatnya bekerja dengan nilai yang lebih tinggi</h2> + +<p>Meskipu nilai Unicode yang umum dapat digambarkan dengan satu angka 16-bit (seperti yang diharapkan pada awal mula standarisasi JavaScript) dan <code>fromCharCode()</code> dapat digunakan untuk mengembalikan sebuah karakter dari nilai yang paling umum (misal. nilai UCS-2 yang merupakan bagian dari UTF-16 dengan karakter yang paling umum digunakan). Untuk menghadapi SEMUA nilai Unicode yang sah (hingga 21 bit), <code>fromCharCode()</code> sendiri tidak dapat menghadapinya. Semenjak nilai code point karakter yang lebih tinggi menggunakan dua angka "pengganti" (dengan nilai yang lebih rendah) untuk membuat sebuah karakter tunggal, {{jsxref("String.fromCodePoint()")}} (bagian dari draf ES6) dapat digunakan untuk menggunakan sepasang angka tersebut, sehingga dapat menampilkan karakter dengan nilai yang lebih tinggi.</p> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal. Diimplementasikan dalam JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.3.2', 'StringfromCharCode')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.fromcharcodes', 'String.fromCharCode')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.fromcharcodes', 'String.fromCharCode')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_peramban">Kompabilitas peramban</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.fromCodePoint()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charAt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charCodeAt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.codePointAt()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/fromcodepoint/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/fromcodepoint/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dc4024f941 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/fromcodepoint/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ +--- +title: String.fromCodePoint() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/fromCodePoint +tags: + - ECMAScript 2015 + - JavaScript + - Metode + - Referensi + - String +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/fromCodePoint +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Metode <strong><code>String.fromCodePoint()</code></strong> mengembalikan string yang dibuat dengan menggunakan urutan titik kode yang ditentukan.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/string-fromcodepoint.html")}}</div> + +<p class="hidden">Sumber untuk contoh interaktif ini disimpan dalam repositori github. Jika anda ingin berkontribusi pada proyek contoh interaktif lainnya, silakan klon <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> dan kirim permintaan penarikan kepada kami.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>String.fromCodePoint(<var>num1</var>[, ...[, <var>numN</var>]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>num1, ..., num<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Urutan Poin Kode</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Return_value">Return value</h3> + +<p><span class="tlid-translation translation"><span title="">String yang dibuat dengan menggunakan urutan titik kode yang ditentukan.</span></span></p> + +<h3 id="Exceptions">Exceptions</h3> + +<ul> + <li>A {{jsxref("Errors/Not_a_codepoint", "RangeError")}} adalah sebuah pembatalan jika titik kode Unicode yang valid tidak diberikan (e.g. "RangeError: NaN is not a valid code point").</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>Metode ini mengembalikan string dan bukan sebuah objek. {{jsxref("String")}} .</p> + +<p>Karena <code>fromCodePoint()</code> adalah metode statik dari {{jsxref("String")}}, dan anda selalu menggunakannya sebagai <code>String.fromCodePoint()</code>, alih-alih sebagai sebuah metode yang anda buat {{jsxref("String")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Using_fromCodePoint()">Using <code>fromCodePoint()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">String.fromCodePoint(42); // "*" +String.fromCodePoint(65, 90); // "AZ" +String.fromCodePoint(0x404); // "\u0404" +String.fromCodePoint(0x2F804); // "\uD87E\uDC04" +String.fromCodePoint(194564); // "\uD87E\uDC04" +String.fromCodePoint(0x1D306, 0x61, 0x1D307) // "\uD834\uDF06a\uD834\uDF07" + +String.fromCodePoint('_'); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(Infinity); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(-1); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(3.14); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(3e-2); // RangeError +String.fromCodePoint(NaN); // RangeError +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">// String.fromCharCode() sendiri tidak bisa mendapatkan karakter pada titik kode tinggi seperti itu +// Disisi lain, dapat juga mengembalikan karakter 4-byte dan juga +// yang biasa 2-byte (i.e., dapat mengembalikan satu karakter yang sebenarnya sudah dimiliki +// string 2 daripada 1!) +console.log(String.fromCodePoint(0x2F804)); // atau 194564 dalam bilangan desimal +</pre> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<p>Metode <code>String.fromCodePoint</code> telah ditambahkan ke ECMAScript 2015 dan mungkin belum didukung di semua browser web atau lingkungannya. Gunakan kode dibawah ini untuk polyfill:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!String.fromCodePoint) (function(stringFromCharCode) { + var fromCodePoint = function(_) { + var codeUnits = [], codeLen = 0, result = ""; + for (var index=0, len = arguments.length; index !== len; ++index) { + var codePoint = +arguments[index]; + // correctly handles all cases including `NaN`, `-Infinity`, `+Infinity` + // The surrounding `!(...)` is required to correctly handle `NaN` cases + // The (codePoint>>>0) === codePoint clause handles decimals and negatives + if (!(codePoint < 0x10FFFF && (codePoint>>>0) === codePoint)) + throw RangeError("Invalid code point: " + codePoint); + if (codePoint <= 0xFFFF) { // BMP code point + codeLen = codeUnits.push(codePoint); + } else { // Astral code point; split in surrogate halves + // https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-encoding#surrogate-formulae + codePoint -= 0x10000; + codeLen = codeUnits.push( + (codePoint >> 10) + 0xD800, // highSurrogate + (codePoint % 0x400) + 0xDC00 // lowSurrogate + ); + } + if (codeLen >= 0x3fff) { + result += stringFromCharCode.apply(null, codeUnits); + codeUnits.length = 0; + } + } + return result + stringFromCharCode.apply(null, codeUnits); + }; + try { // IE 8 only supports `Object.defineProperty` on DOM elements + Object.defineProperty(String, "fromCodePoint", { + "value": fromCodePoint, "configurable": true, "writable": true + }); + } catch(e) { + String.fromCodePoint = fromCodePoint; + } +}(String.fromCharCode)); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-string.fromcodepoint', 'String.fromCodePoint')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td> + <td>Definisi Awal</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.fromcodepoint', 'String.fromCodePoint')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<p class="hidden">Tabel Kompatibilitas di halaman ini dihasilkan dari data terstruktur. Jika anda ingin berkontribusi pada data, silakan berkunjung <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> dan kirimkan permintaan penarikan</p> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.String.fromCodePoint")}}</p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.fromCharCode()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charAt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.codePointAt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charCodeAt()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..35f78502d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,371 @@ +--- +title: String +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - JavaScript + - Reference + - Referensi + - Referensı(2) + - Référence(2) + - String +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String +--- +<div>{{JSRef("Global_Objects", "String")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Summary" name="Summary">Ringkasan</h2> + +<p>Objek global <strong><code>String</code></strong> adalah sebuah pembangun untuk string, atau sebuah rangkaian dari karakter.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">Sintak</h2> + +<p>String secara harfiah berbentuk:</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>'string text' +"string text" +"中文 español English हिन्दी العربية português বাংলা русский 日本語 ਪੰਜਾਬੀ 한국어 </code><span style="color: #222222; font-family: consolas,lucida console,monospace; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; white-space: pre-wrap;">தமிழ்</span><code>" +</code></pre> + +<p>Sejak ECMAScript 6 String secara harfiah dapat juga menjadi <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/template_strings">Template Strings</a>:</p> + +<pre><code>`hello world`</code> +`hello! + world!` +<code>`hello ${who}`</code> +<code>escape `<a>${who}</a>`</code></pre> + +<p>Selain karakter biasa yang dapat dicetak, karakter spesial dapat disandikan dengan notasi lepas:</p> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Kode</th> + <th scope="col">Keluaran</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><code>\0</code></td> + <td>karakter NUL</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\'</code></td> + <td>petik satu</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\"</code></td> + <td>petik dua</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\\</code></td> + <td>garis miring</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\n</code></td> + <td>baris baru</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\r</code></td> + <td>carriage return</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\v</code></td> + <td>tab vertikal</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\t</code></td> + <td>tab</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\b</code></td> + <td>backspace</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\f</code></td> + <td>form feed</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\uXXXX</code></td> + <td>unicode codepoint</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\u{X}</code> ... <code>\u{XXXXXX}</code></td> + <td>unicode codepoint {{experimental_inline}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\xXX</code></td> + <td>karakter Latin-1</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>Atau, menggunakan objek global <code>String</code> langsung:</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>String(benda) +new String(benda) +</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters" name="Parameters">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>benda</code></dt> + <dd>Apapun yang akan diubah ke string.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description" name="Description">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>String berguna untuk membawa data yang dapat diitampilkan dalam bentuk teks. Beberapa operasi yang paling sering digunakan dalam string adalah untuk memeriksa {{jsxref("String.length", "panjangnya")}}, untuk membuat dan menggabungkannya dengan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/String_Operators">operator string + dan +=</a>, mengecek adanya atau lokasi dari substring dengan metode {{jsxref("String.prototype.indexOf()", "indexOf()")}}, atau mendapatkan substring dengan metode {{jsxref("String.prototype.substring()", "substring()")}}.</p> + +<h3 id="Character_access" name="Character_access">Akses karakter</h3> + +<p>Ada dua cara untuk mengakses sebuah karakter dalam string. Cara yang pertama adalah metode {{jsxref("String.prototype.charAt()", "charAt()")}}:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">return 'cat'.charAt(1); // mengembalikan "a" +</pre> + +<p>Cara yang lain (diperkenalkan dalam ECMAScript 5) adalah menganggap string sebagai objek mirip-susunan, di mana setiap karakter disesuaikan dengan indeks angka:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">return 'cat'[1]; // mengembalikan "a" +</pre> + +<p>Untuk akses karakter dengan menggunakan notasi kurung, mencoba untuk menghapus atau menetapkan nilai ke propertinya tidak akan berhasil. Properti yang terlibat tidak dapat ditulis maupun diubah. (Lihat {{jsxref("Object.defineProperty()")}} untuk informasi lebih.)</p> + +<h3 id="Comparing_strings" name="Comparing_strings">Membandingkan string</h3> + +<p>Pengembang C mempunyai fungsi <code>strcmp()</code> untuk membandingkan string. Dalam JavaScript, Anda cukup menggunakan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Comparison_Operators">operas kurang dari dan lebih dari</a>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var a = 'a'; +var b = 'b'; +if (a < b) { // benar + print(a + ' kurang dari ' + b); +} else if (a > b) { + print(a + ' lebih dari ' + b); +} else { + print(a + ' sama dengan ' + b); +} +</pre> + +<p>Hasil yang serupa dapat didapatkan dengan metode {{jsxref("String.prototype.localeCompare()", "localeCompare()")}} yang diwariskan oleh benda <code>String</code>.</p> + +<h3 id="Perbedaan_antara_string_primitif_dan_objek_String">Perbedaan antara string primitif dan objek <code>String</code></h3> + +<p>Ingat bahwa JavaScript membedakan nilai antara objek <code>String</code> dan string primitif. (Serupa dengan {{jsxref("Global_Objects/Boolean", "Boolean")}} dan {{jsxref("Global_Objects/Number", "Angka")}}.)</p> + +<p>String yang harfiah (ditandai dengan petik satu atau dua) dan string yang dikembalikan dari panggilan <code>String</code> dalam sebuah konteks non-pembangun (misal, tanpa menggunakan kata kunci {{jsxref("Operators/new", "new")}}) adalah string primitif. JavaScript secara otomatis mengubah primitif ke objek <code>String</code>, jadi mungkin untuk menggunakan metode objek <code>String</code> untuk string primitif. Dalam konteks di mana sebuah metode dipanggil pada string primitif atau sebuah pembacaan properti terjadi, JavaScript akan secara otomatis membungkus string primitif dan memanggil metode tersebut atau melakukan pembacaan properti.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var s_prim = 'foo'; +var s_obj = new String(s_prim); + +console.log(typeof s_prim); // "string" +console.log(typeof s_obj); // "object" +</pre> + +<p>String primitif dan objek <code>String</code> juga memberikan hasil berbeda saat menggunakan {{jsxref("Global_Objects/eval", "eval()")}}. Primitif melewati <code>eval</code> sebagai kode sumber; Objek <code>String</code> dianggap semua objek lain, dengan mengembalikan objek tersebut. Sebagai contoh:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var s1 = '2 + 2'; // membuat sebuah string primitif +var s2 = new String('2 + 2'); // membuat sebuah objek String +console.log(eval(s1)); // mengembalikan angka 4 +console.log(eval(s2)); // mengembalikan string "2 + 2" +</pre> + +<p>Untuk itu, kode mungkin berhenti saat menemui objek <code>String</code> saat mengharapkan string primitif, meskipun secara umum pembuat tidak perlu khawatir tentang perbedaannya.</p> + +<p>Sebuah objek <code>String</code> dapat selalu diubah menjadi kawan primitifnya dengan metode {{jsxref("String.prototype.valueOf()", "valueOf()")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log(eval(s2.valueOf())); // mengembalikan angka 4 +</pre> + +<div class="note"><strong>Catatan:</strong> Untuk kemungkinan lain ke string dalam JavaScript, mohon baca artikel tentang <a href="/en-US/Add-ons/Code_snippets/StringView"><code>StringView</code> — a C-like representation of strings based on typed arrays</a> (bahasa Inggris).</div> + +<h2 id="Properties" name="Properties">Properti</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Membolehkan penambahan properti ke sebuahobjek <code>String</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<div>{{jsOverrides("Function", "Properties", "prototype")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Methods" name="Methods">Metode</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.fromCharCode()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah string yang dibuat dengan menggunakan nilai urutan Unicode.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.fromCodePoint()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah string dibuat dengan menggunakan urutan code points.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.raw()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah string yang dibuat dari sebuah templat string mentah.</dd> +</dl> + +<div>{{jsOverrides("Function", "Methods", "fromCharCode", "fromCodePoint", "raw")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Metode_umum_String">Metode umum <code>String</code></h2> + +<p>Metode benda <code>String</code> juga terdapat dalam Firefox sejak JavaScript 1.6 (meskipun bukan bagian dari standar ECMAScript) salam objek <code>String</code> untuk menerapkan metode <code>String</code> ke objek lain:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var num = 15; +console.log(String.replace(num, /5/, '2')); +</pre> + +<p>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Array", "Metode umum", "#Metode_umum_Array", 1)}} juga terdapat dalam metode {{jsxref("Global_Objects/Array", "Array")}}.</p> + +<p>Berikut ini sebuah pengisi untuk memberikan dukungan ke peramban yang tidak mendukung:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">/*globals define*/ +// Menganggap semua metode String telah ada +(function() { + 'use strict'; + + var i, + methods = [ + 'quote', 'substring', 'toLowerCase', 'toUpperCase', 'charAt', + 'charCodeAt', 'indexOf', 'lastIndexOf', 'startsWith', 'endsWith', + 'trim', 'trimLeft', 'trimRight', 'toLocaleLowerCase', + 'toLocaleUpperCase', 'localeCompare', 'match', 'search', + 'replace', 'split', 'substr', 'concat', 'slice' + ], + methodCount = methods.length, + assignStringGeneric = function(methodName) { + var method = String.prototype[methodName]; + String[methodName] = function(arg1) { + return method.apply(arg1, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1)); + }; + }; + + for (i = 0; i < methodCount; i++) { + assignStringGeneric(methods[i]); + } +}()); +</pre> + +<h2 id="String_instances" name="String_instances">Benda <code>String</code></h2> + +<h3 id="Properti">Properti</h3> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/prototype', 'Properti')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Metode">Metode</h3> + +<h4 id="Methods_unrelated_to_HTML" name="Methods_unrelated_to_HTML">Metode yang tidak terkait dengan HTML</h4> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/prototype', 'Metode_yang_tidak_terkait_dengan_HTML')}}</div> + +<h4 id="HTML_wrapper_methods" name="HTML_wrapper_methods">Metode pembungkus HTML</h4> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/prototype', 'Metode_pembungkus_HTML')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Contoh_Pengubahan_String">Contoh: Pengubahan String</h3> + +<p>Ini mungkin untuk menggunakan <code>String</code> sebagai alternatif "lebih aman" dari {{jsxref("String.prototype.toString()", "toString()")}}, meskipun masih dapat secara normal memanggil <code>toString()</code>, ini juga bekerja untuk {{jsxref("Global_Objects/null", "null")}} dan {{jsxref("Global_Objects/undefined", "undefined")}}. Sebagai contoh:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var outputStrings = []; +for (var i = 0, n = inputValues.length; i < n; ++i) { + outputStrings.push(String(inputValues[i])); +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>ECMAScript 1st Edition.</td> + <td>Standard</td> + <td>Definisi pertama.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5', 'String')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string-objects', 'String')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_peramban">Kompatibilitas peramban</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome("0.2")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\u{XXXXXX}</code></td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("40")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\u{XXXXXX}</code></td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("40")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown()}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{domxref("DOMString")}}</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/Add-ons/Code_snippets/StringView"><code>StringView</code> — a C-like representation of strings based on typed arrays</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/DOMString/Binary">Binary strings</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/indexof/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/indexof/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3b7f7d0965 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/indexof/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,190 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype.indexOf() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/indexOf +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/indexOf +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p><strong><code>indexOf()</code></strong> method mengembalikan sebuah <em>index</em> saat memanggil objek {{jsxref("String")}} pertama kali dengan <em>value </em>yang di tentukan, bermula dari pencarian pada <em><code>fromIndex</code></em>. Dan pencarian ini akan mengembalikan index dari karakter pada String, dan akan mengembalikan <em>-1</em> ketika pencarian <em>indexOf </em>ini tak menemukan karakter yang cocok/ value yang sesuai.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.indexOf(<var>searchValue</var>[, <var>fromIndex</var>]</code>)</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>searchValue</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah string yang me-representasikan dari nilai yang ingin di cari.</dd> + <dt><code>fromIndex</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Index bermulai dari awal hingga bergerak ke depan sepanjang string. Index bisa berupa bilangan bulat atau apa pun. Nilai standarnya adalah <code>0</code>, jadi seluruh index dari array akan dicari. Jika <code>fromIndex < 0</code> seluruh string dicari. Jika <code>fromIndex >= str.length</code>, string tidak dicari dan <code>-1</code> sebagai kembaliannya. Kecuali kalau <code>searchValue</code> adalah string kosong, maka <code>str.length</code> sebagai kembaliannya.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Karakter dalam sebuah <em>string</em> di indeks berurutan dari kiri ke kanan. Index pada karakter pertama yaitu 0, dan index pada karakter terakhir dalam sebuah <em>String </em>di sebut <em>stringName </em>is <code>stringName.length - 1</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'Blue Whale'.indexOf('Blue'); // mengembalikan 0 +'Blue Whale'.indexOf('Blute'); // mengembalikan -1 +'Blue Whale'.indexOf('Whale', 0); // mengembalikan 5 +'Blue Whale'.indexOf('Whale', 5); // mengembalikan 5 +'Blue Whale'.indexOf('', 9); // mengembalikan 9 +'Blue Whale'.indexOf('', 10); // mengembalikan 10 +'Blue Whale'.indexOf('', 11); // mengembalikan 10 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Case-sensitivity">Case-sensitivity</h3> + +<p>The <code>indexOf()</code> method sangat <em>case sensitive</em>. Sebagai contoh, <em>expression</em> berikut ini mengembalikan -1:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'Blue Whale'.indexOf('blue'); // mengembalikan -1 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Checking_occurrences_Memeriksa_suatu_kejadian">Checking occurrences/ Memeriksa suatu kejadian</h3> + +<p>Catat bahwa '0' tak bernilai <em>true</em> dan '-1' bukan bernilali <em>f<code>alse</code></em>. Oleh karena-nya, ketika memeriksa apakah sebuah <em>String</em> Therefore, when checking if a specific string exists within another string the correct way to check would be:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'Blue Whale'.indexOf('Blue') !== -1; // true +'Blue Whale'.indexOf('Bloe') !== -1; // false +</pre> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Using_indexOf()_and_lastIndexOf()">Using <code>indexOf()</code> and <code>lastIndexOf()</code></h3> + +<p>The following example uses <code>indexOf()</code> and {{jsxref("String.prototype.lastIndexOf()", "lastIndexOf()")}} to locate values in the string <code>"Brave new world"</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var anyString = 'Brave new world'; + +console.log('The index of the first w from the beginning is ' + anyString.indexOf('w')); +// logs 8 +console.log('The index of the last w from the beginning is ' + anyString.lastIndexOf('w')); +// logs 10 + +console.log('The index of "new" from the beginning is ' + anyString.indexOf('new')); +// logs 6 +console.log('The index of "new" from the end is ' + anyString.lastIndexOf('new')); +// logs 6 +</pre> + +<h3 id="indexOf()_and_case-sensitivity"><code>indexOf()</code> and case-sensitivity</h3> + +<p>The following example defines two string variables. The variables contain the same string except that the second string contains uppercase letters. The first {{domxref("console.log()")}} method displays 19. But because the <code>indexOf()</code> method is case sensitive, the string <code>"cheddar"</code> is not found in <code>myCapString</code>, so the second <code>console.log()</code> method displays -1.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myString = 'brie, pepper jack, cheddar'; +var myCapString = 'Brie, Pepper Jack, Cheddar'; + +console.log('myString.indexOf("cheddar") is ' + myString.indexOf('cheddar')); +// logs 19 +console.log('myCapString.indexOf("cheddar") is ' + myCapString.indexOf('cheddar')); +// logs -1 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Using_indexOf()_to_count_occurrences_of_a_letter_in_a_string">Using <code>indexOf()</code> to count occurrences of a letter in a string</h3> + +<p>The following example sets <code>count</code> to the number of occurrences of the letter <code>e</code> in the string <code>str</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var str = 'To be, or not to be, that is the question.'; +var count = 0; +var pos = str.indexOf('e'); + +while (pos !== -1) { + count++; + pos = str.indexOf('e', pos + 1); +} + +console.log(count); // displays 4 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.4.7', 'String.prototype.indexOf')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype.indexof', 'String.prototype.indexOf')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.prototype.indexof', 'String.prototype.indexOf')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charAt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.lastIndexOf()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.split()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.indexOf()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/length/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/length/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6975d8b7d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/length/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ +--- +title: String.length +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/length +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/length +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <strong><code>length</code></strong> mewakili panjang string.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.length</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Properti ini mengembalikan jumlah unit kode dalam string. {{interwiki("wikipedia", "UTF-16")}}, Format string yang digunakan oleh javascript, Menggunakan 16-bit unit kode tunggal untuk mewakili karakter yang paling umum, tapi perlu menggunakan dua unit kode untuk unit karakter tertentu, sehingga dapat terjadi kemungkinan nilai yang dikembalikan oleh <code>length</code> tidak sesuai dengan jumlah karakter pada string.</p> + +<p>Untuk string kosong, <font face="Consolas, Liberation Mono, Courier, monospace">jumlahnya</font> 0.</p> + +<p>Properti static <code>String.length</code> mengembalikan nilai 1.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_Dasar">Penggunaan Dasar</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = 'Mozilla'; +var kosong = ''; + +console.log('Mozilla memiliki ' + x.length + ' unit kode'); +/* "Mozilla memiliki 7 unit kode" */ + +console.log('String kosong memiliki jumlah unit kode ' + kosong.length); +/* "String kosong memiliki jumlah unit kode 0" */ +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Definisi Inisial. Diimplementasikan dalam JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.5.1', 'String.prototype.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-properties-of-string-instances-length', 'String.prototype.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-properties-of-string-instances-length', 'String.prototype.length')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="sect1"> </h2> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="http://developer.teradata.com/blog/jasonstrimpel/2011/11/javascript-string-length-and-internationalizing-web-applications">JavaScript <code>String.length</code> dan internasionalisasi Aplikasi Web</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/link/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/link/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..914eff9955 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/link/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype.link() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/link +tags: + - JavaScript + - Method + - Prototype + - Reference + - String +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/link +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>link()</code></strong> membuat sebuah string seperti halnya kode untuk sebuah elemen HTML {{HTMLElement("a")}} untuk digunakan sebagai link hypertext ke URL lain.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.link(<var>url</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>url</code></dt> + <dd>String yang menentukan atribut <code>href</code> dai tag <code><a></code>; harus merupakan URL yang valid (relative ataupun absolute), dengan setiap karakter <code>&</code> harus ditulis <code>&amp;</code>, dan setiap karakter <code>"</code> harus ditulis <code>&quot;</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Menggunakan method <code>link()</code> untuk membuat snippet HTML untuk sebuah link hypertext. Mengembalikan string yang kemudian dapat di tambahkan ke dokumen html menggunakan {{domxref("document.write()")}} atau {{domxref("element.innerHTML")}}.</p> + +<p>Link yang dibuat menggunakan method <code>link()</code> akan menjadi elemen di array <code>links</code> dari sebuah objek <code>document</code>. Lihat juga {{domxref("document.links")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_link()">Penggunaan <code>link()</code></h3> + +<p>Pada contoh berikut menampilkan kata "MDN" sebagai sebuah link hypertext yang mengembalikan pengguna ke halaman Mozilla Developer Network.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var hotText = 'MDN'; +var URL = 'https://developer.mozilla.org/'; + +console.log('Klik untuk kembali ke ' + hotText.link(URL)); +// Klik untuk kembali ke <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/">MDN</a> +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype.link', 'String.prototype.link')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0. Defined in the (normative) Annex B for Additional ECMAScript Features for Web Browsers.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.prototype.link', 'String.prototype.link')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td>Defined in the (normative) Annex B for Additional ECMAScript Features for Web Browsers.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Catatan_Gecko-specific">Catatan Gecko-specific</h2> + +<ul> + <li>Dimulai pada Gecko 17.0 {{geckoRelease("17")}} tanda <code>"</code> (quotation mark) sekarang secara otomatis digantikan oleh referensi karakter HTML <code>&quot;</code> di parameter <code>url</code>.</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.anchor()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/purwarupa/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/purwarupa/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3570a3627a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/purwarupa/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/purwarupa +tags: + - JavaScript + - Property + - Prototype + - Reference + - Referensi + - String + - purwarupa +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Properti <strong><code>String.prototype</code></strong> mewakili objek prototype {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}}.</p> + +<div>{{js_property_attributes(0, 0, 0)}}</div> + +<h2 id="Description" name="Description">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Semua benda {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}} diwariskan dari <code>String.prototype</code>. Perubahan ke objek purwarupa <code>String</code> disebarkan ke semua benda {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Properties" name="Properties">Properti</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><code>String.prototype.constructor</code></dt> + <dd>Menentukan fungsi yang membuat sebuah purwarupa dari objek.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.length")}}</dt> + <dd>Menggambarkan panjang dari string.</dd> + <dt><code><em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Digunakan untuk mengakses karakter pada posisi ke-<em>N</em> di mana <em>N</em> adalah sebuah bilangan bulat positif antara 0 dan nilai dari {{jsxref("String.length", "panjang")}} dikurangi satu. Nilai ini baca-saja.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Methods" name="Methods">Metode</h2> + +<h3 id="Methods_unrelated_to_HTML" name="Methods_unrelated_to_HTML">Metode yang tidak terkait dengan HTML</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charAt()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan karakter pada indeks yang diberikan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charCodeAt()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah angka yang menggambarkan nilai Unicode dari karakter pada indeks yang diberikan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.codePointAt()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah bilangan bulat non negatif yang merupakan nilai penyandian code point UTF-16 pada posisi yang diberikan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.concat()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menggabungkan teks dari dua string dan mengembalikan sebuah string baru.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.includes()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan apakah satu string mungkin terdapat pada string lain.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.endsWith()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan apakah sebuah string berakhir dengan karakter dari string lain.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.indexOf()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan indeks pada objek {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}} terpanggil dari pertemuan pertama dari nilai yang diberikan, atau -1 jika tidak ditemukan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.lastIndexOf()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan indeks pada objek {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}} terpanggil dari pertemuan terakhir dari nilai yang diberikan, atau -1 jika tidak ditemukan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.localeCompare()")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns a number indicating whether a reference string comes before or after or is the same as the given string in sort order.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.match()")}}</dt> + <dd>Digunakan untuk mencocokkan sebuah regular expression pada string.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.normalize()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan Unicode Normalization Form dari string terpanggil.</dd> + <dt><s class="obsoleteElement">{{jsxref("String.prototype.quote()")}} {{obsolete_inline}}</s></dt> + <dd><s class="obsoleteElement">Membungkus string dalam petik ganda ("<code>"</code>").</s></dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.repeat()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah string yang tersiri dari elemen-elemen dari objek yang diulangi sebanyak yang diberikan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.replace()")}}</dt> + <dd>Digunakan untuk mencari kecocokkan antara sebuah regular expression dan sebuah string, dan untuk menggantikan substring yang cocok dengan substring yang baru.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.search()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menjalankan pencarian untuk sebuah kecocokan antara sebuah regular expression dan sebuah string yang diberikan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.slice()")}}</dt> + <dd>Menghasilkan sebuah bagian dari string dan mengembalikan sebuah string baru.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.split()")}}</dt> + <dd>Memisahkan sebuah objek {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}} ke dalam sebuah susunan dari string dengan memisahkan string ke dalam substring.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.startsWith()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Menentukan apakah sebuah string dimulai dengan karakter dari string lain.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.substr()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan karakter-karakter dalam sebuah string yang dimulai dari indeks yang diberikan sebanyak jumlah karakter yang diberikan.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.substring()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan karakter-karakter dalam sebuah string antara dua indeks ke dalam string.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLocaleLowerCase()")}}</dt> + <dd>Karakter-karakter di dalam string diubah menjadi huruf kecil dengan menjunjung tempat sekarang. Kebanyakan bahasa akan mengembalikan hasil yang sama seperti {{jsxref("String.prototype.toLowerCase()", "toLowerCase()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLocaleUpperCase()")}}</dt> + <dd>Karakter-karakter di dalam string diubah menjadi huruf kapital dengan menjunjung tempat sekarang. Kebanyakan bahasa akan mengembalikan hasil yang sama seperti {{jsxref("String.prototype.toUpperCase()", "toUpperCase()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLowerCase()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan nilai string terpanggil yang diubah menjadi huruf kecil.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toSource()")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah objek harfiah yang menggambarkan objek yang diberikan; Anda dapat menggunakan nilai ini untuk membuat sebuah objek baru. Mengesampingkan metode {{jsxref("Object.prototype.toSource()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toString()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah string menggambarkan objek yang diberikan. Mengesampingkan metode {{jsxref("Object.prototype.toString()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toUpperCase()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan nilai string terpanggil yang diubah menjadi huruf kapital.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.trim()")}}</dt> + <dd>Memotong whitespace dari permulaan dan akhir string. Bagian dari standar ECMAScript 5.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.trimLeft()")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Memotong whitespace dari sisi kiri dari string.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.trimRight()")}} {{non-standard_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Memotong whitespace dari sisi kanan dari string.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.valueOf()")}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan nilai primitif dari objek yang diberikan. Mengesampingkan metode {{jsxref("Object.prototype.valueOf()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.@@iterator()", "String.prototype[@@iterator]()")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt> + <dd>Mengembalikan sebuah objek <code>Iterator</code> baru yang mengulangi melewati code points dari nilai String, mengembalikan setiap code point sebagai sebuah nilai String.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="HTML_wrapper_methods" name="HTML_wrapper_methods">Metode pembungkus HTML</h3> + +<p>Metode-metode ini merupakan penggunaan terbatas, karena mereka hanya memberikan sebuah subset dari tag dan atribut HTML yang tersedia.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.anchor()")}}</dt> + <dd>{{htmlattrxref("name", "a", "<a name=\"name\">")}} (menarget hiperteks)</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.big()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("big")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.blink()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("blink")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.bold()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("b")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.fixed()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("tt")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.fontcolor()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{htmlattrxref("color", "font", "<font color=\"color\">")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.fontsize()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{htmlattrxref("size", "font", "<font size=\"size\">")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.italics()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("i")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.link()")}}</dt> + <dd>{{htmlattrxref("href", "a", "<a href=\"url\">")}} (tautan ke URL)</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.small()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("small")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.strike()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("strike")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.sub()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("sub")}}</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("String.prototype.sup()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt> + <dd>{{HTMLElement("sup")}}</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>ECMAScript 1st Edition.</td> + <td>Standard</td> + <td>Definisi awal.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.3.1', 'String.prototype')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype', 'String.prototype')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_peramban">Kompatibilitas peramban</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also" name="See_also">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function.prototype")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/split/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/split/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..21f19d353f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/split/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype.split() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/split +tags: + - JavaScript + - Method + - Prototype + - Reference + - Regular Expressions + - String +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/split +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>split()</code></strong> membagi sebuah objek {{jsxref("String")}} ke sebuah array string dengan memisahkannya menjadi substring.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.split([<var>separator</var>[, <var>limit</var>]])</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>separator</code></dt> + <dd>Opsional. Menentukan karakter yang digunakan untuk memisahkan string. <code>separator</code> dapat berupa string atau sebuah {{jsxref("Global_Objects/RegExp", "regular expression", "", 1)}}. Jika <code>separator</code> dihilangkan / tidak digunakan, array yang dikembalikan akan terdiri dari satu elemen yang berisi seluruh string. Jika <code>separator</code> dikosongkan atau empty string, <code>str</code> akan dikonversikan sebagai sebuah array dari karakter.</dd> + <dt><code>limit</code></dt> + <dd> + <p>Opsional. Nilai integer yang digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah batas yang dapat ditemukan. Method <code>split()</code> tetap membagi pada setiap kecocokan pada <code>separator</code>, sampai jumlah pembagi item sama dengan <code>limit</code> atau string jatuh lebih pendek dari <code>separator</code>.</p> + </dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>split()</code> mengembalikan array baru.</p> + +<p>Saat ditemukan, <code>separator</code> akan dihapus dari string dan substrings akan di kembalikan ke dalam array. Jika <code>separator</code> tidak ditemukan atau di hilangkan, array terdiri satu elemen array yang terdiri dari keseluruhan string. Jika <code>separator</code> merupakan empty string, <code>str</code> dikonversi menjadi sebuah array karakter.</p> + +<p>Jika <code>separator</code> adalah ekspesi reguler yang terdapat tanda kurung , maka setiap kali <code>separator</code> cocok, hasilnya (termasuk hasil yang tidak didefinisikan) dari penangkap tanda kurung akan di sambungkan ke dalam output array. Namun, tidak semua browser mendukung kemampuan ini.</p> + +<p>{{Note("Ketika string kosong, method <code>split()</code> mengembalikan array berisi satu string kosong, dari pada array kosong. Jika string dan separator keduanya string kosong, array kosong akan dikembalikan.")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_split()">Penggunaan <code>split()</code></h3> + +<p>Contoh berikut menjelaskan fungsi yang membagi string ke dalam sebuah array string menggunakan separator tertentu. Setelah memisahkan string , fungsi menampilkan pesan yang menunjukan string asli (sebelum dibagi), separator yang digunakan, jumlah elemen pada array, dan elemen array secara individual.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function splitString(stringToSplit, separator) { + var arrayOfStrings = stringToSplit.split(separator); + + console.log('The original string is: "' + stringToSplit + '"'); + console.log('The separator is: "' + separator + '"'); + console.log('The array has ' + arrayOfStrings.length + ' elements: ' + arrayOfStrings.join(' / ')); +} + +var tempestString = 'Oh brave new world that has such people in it.'; +var monthString = 'Jan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May,Jun,Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct,Nov,Dec'; + +var space = ' '; +var comma = ','; + +splitString(tempestString, space); +splitString(tempestString); +splitString(monthString, comma); +</pre> + +<p>Contoh ini menghasilkan output berikut:</p> + +<pre>The original string is: "Oh brave new world that has such people in it." +The separator is: " " +The array has 10 elements: Oh / brave / new / world / that / has / such / people / in / it. + +The original string is: "Oh brave new world that has such people in it." +The separator is: "undefined" +The array has 1 elements: Oh brave new world that has such people in it. + +The original string is: "Jan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May,Jun,Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct,Nov,Dec" +The separator is: "," +The array has 12 elements: Jan / Feb / Mar / Apr / May / Jun / Jul / Aug / Sep / Oct / Nov / Dec +</pre> + +<h3 id="Menghapus_spasi_dari_string">Menghapus spasi dari string</h3> + +<p>Pada contoh berikut, <code>split()</code> mencari 0 atau lebih spasi diikuti semikolon, dan di ikuti 0 atau lebih spasi dan, saat ditemukan, menghapus spasi dari string. <code>nameList</code> merupakan array yang dikembalikan dari hasil <code>split()</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var names = 'Harry Trump ;Fred Barney; Helen Rigby ; Bill Abel ;Chris Hand '; + +console.log(names); + +var re = /\s*;\s*/; +var nameList = names.split(re); + +console.log(nameList); +</pre> + +<p>Dua baris log ini; log baris pertama string asli, dan log baris kedua array yang dihasilkan.</p> + +<pre>Harry Trump ;Fred Barney; Helen Rigby ; Bill Abel ;Chris Hand +[ "Harry Trump", "Fred Barney", "Helen Rigby", "Bill Abel", "Chris Hand " ] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Mengembalikan_batas_jumlah_pembagi">Mengembalikan batas jumlah pembagi</h3> + +<p>Pada contoh berikut, <code>split()</code> mencari 0 atau lebih spasi didalam string dan mengembalikan 3 pembagian pertama yang ditemukan.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myString = 'Hello World. How are you doing?'; +var splits = myString.split(' ', 3); + +console.log(splits); +</pre> + +<p>Script ini akan menampilkan seperti berikut:</p> + +<pre>Hello,World.,How +</pre> + +<h3 id="Tanda_kurung">Tanda kurung</h3> + +<p>Jika <code>separator</code> terdapat tanda kurung, hasil yang cocok akan dikembalikan ke dalam array.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myString = 'Hello 1 word. Sentence number 2.'; +var splits = myString.split(/(\d)/); + +console.log(splits); +</pre> + +<p>Script tersebut menampilkan seperti berikut:</p> + +<pre>[ 'Hello ', '1', ' word. Sentence number ', '2', '.' ] +</pre> + +<h3 id="Membalikkan_String_menggunakan_split()">Membalikkan String menggunakan <code>split()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var str = 'asdfghjkl'; +var strReverse = str.split('').reverse().join(''); // 'lkjhgfdsa' +// split() returns an array on which reverse() and join() can be applied +</pre> + +<p><strong>Bonus:</strong> Gunakan operator {{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", "===", "#Identity_strict_equality_(===)")}} untuk mengetahui apakah string asli adalah palindrome.</p> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.4.14', 'String.prototype.split')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype.split', 'String.prototype.split')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.prototype.split', 'String.prototype.split')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + <table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.charAt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.indexOf()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.lastIndexOf()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.join()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/tolowercase/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/tolowercase/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..69fdfd1bec --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/tolowercase/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype.toLowerCase() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toLowerCase +tags: + - JavaScript + - Method + - Prototype + - Reference + - String +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toLowerCase +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>toLowerCase()</code></strong> mengembalikan nilai string yang dipanggil yang telah dikonversi ke lowercase (huruf kecil).</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.toLowerCase()</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>toLowerCase()</code> mengembaikan nilai dari string yang telah dikonversi ke lowercase. <code>toLowerCase()</code> tidak berdampak pada nilai string pada variabel <code>str</code> itu sendiri.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_toLowerCase()">Penggunaan <code>toLowerCase()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log('ALPHABET'.toLowerCase()); // 'alphabet' +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.4.16', 'String.prototype.toLowerCase')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype.tolowercase', 'String.prototype.toLowerCase')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.prototype.tolowercase', 'String.prototype.toLowerCase')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLocaleLowerCase()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLocaleUpperCase()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toUpperCase()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/tostring/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/tostring/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dba9c9f792 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/tostring/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype.toString() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toString +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toString +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>toString()</code></strong> mengembalikan sebuah string berdasarkan objek spesifik.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.toString()</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Objek {{jsxref("String")}} akan menimpa method <code>toString()</code> dari objek {{jsxref("Object")}}; bukan turunan {{jsxref("Object.prototype.toString()")}}. Untuk objek {{jsxref("String")}}, method <code>toString()</code> mengembalikan sebuah string berdasarkan objek dan seperti halnya pada method {{jsxref("String.prototype.valueOf()")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_toString()">Penggunaan <code>toString()</code></h3> + +<p>Pada contoh menampilkan nilai string dari sebuah objek {{jsxref("String")}}:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = new String('Halo Dunia'); + +console.log(x.toString()); // logs 'Halo Dunia' +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.4.2', 'String.prototype.toString')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype.tostring', 'String.prototype.toString')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.prototype.tostring', 'String.prototype.toString')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan Dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan Dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.prototype.toSource()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.valueOf()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/touppercase/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/touppercase/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bf8182a590 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/string/touppercase/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ +--- +title: String.prototype.toUpperCase() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toUpperCase +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toUpperCase +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <strong><code>toUpperCase()</code></strong> mengembalikan nilai string pemanggil dikonversi ke huruf besar.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>str</var>.toUpperCase()</code></pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Method <code>toUpperCase()</code> mengembalikan nilai string diconversikan ke huruf besar. <code>toUpperCase()</code> tidak mempengaruhi nilai string itu sendiri.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_toUpperCase()">Penggunaan <code>toUpperCase()</code></h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log('alphabet'.toUpperCase()); // 'ALPHABET' +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.5.4.18', 'String.prototype.toUpperCase')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-string.prototype.touppercase', 'String.prototype.toUpperCase')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-string.prototype.touppercase', 'String.prototype.toUpperCase')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_browser">Kompabilitas browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Pula">Lihat Pula</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLocaleLowerCase()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLocaleUpperCase()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("String.prototype.toLowerCase()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/typedarray/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/typedarray/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e0b8d942c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/typedarray/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,344 @@ +--- +title: TypedArray +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray +tags: + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - TypedArray + - TypedArrays +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>A <strong><em>TypedArray</em></strong> object describes an array-like view of an underlying <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/ArrayBuffer">binary data buffer</a>. There is no global property named <code>TypedArray</code>, nor is there a directly visible <code>TypedArray</code> constructor. Instead, there are a number of different global properties, whose values are typed array constructors for specific element types, listed below. On the following pages you will find common properties and methods that can be used with any typed array containing elements of any type.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">new<em> TypedArray</em>(length); +new <em>TypedArray</em>(typedArray); +new <em>TypedArray</em>(object); +new <em>TypedArray</em>(buffer [, byteOffset [, length]]); + +where <em>TypedArray()</em> is one of: + +Int8Array(); +Uint8Array(); +Uint8ClampedArray(); +Int16Array(); +Uint16Array(); +Int32Array(); +Uint32Array(); +Float32Array(); +Float64Array(); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>length</dt> + <dd>When called with a <code>length</code> argument, a typed array containing <code>length</code> zeroes is created.</dd> + <dt>typedArray</dt> + <dd>When called with a <code>typedArray</code> argument, which can be an object of any of the typed array types (such as <code>Int32Array</code>), the <code>typedArray</code> gets copied into a new typed array. Each value in <code>typedArray</code> is converted to the corresponding type of the constructor before being copied into the new array.</dd> + <dt>object</dt> + <dd>When called with an <code>object</code> argument, a new typed array is created as if by the <code><em>TypedArray</em>.from()</code> method.</dd> + <dt>buffer, byteOffset, length</dt> + <dd>When called with a <code>buffer</code>, and optionally a <code>byteOffset</code> and a <code>length</code> argument, a new typed array view is created that views the specified {{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}}. The <code>byteOffset</code> and <code>length</code> parameters specify the memory range that will be exposed by the typed array view. If both are omitted, all of <code>buffer</code> is viewed; if only <code>length</code> is omitted, the remainder of <code>buffer</code> is viewed.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>ECMAScript 6 defines a <em>TypedArray</em> constructor that serves as the <code>[[Prototype]]</code> of all <em>TypedArray</em> constructors. This constructor is not directly exposed: there is no global <code>%TypedArray%</code> or <code>TypedArray</code> property. It is only directly accessible through <code>Object.getPrototypeOf(Int8Array.prototype)</code> and similar. All <em>TypedArray</em>s constructors inherit common properties from the <code>%TypedArray%</code> constructor function. Additionally, all typed array prototypes (<em>TypedArray</em><code>.prototype</code>) have <code>%TypedArray%.prototype</code> as their <code>[[Prototype]]</code>.</p> + +<p>The <code>%TypedArray%</code> constructor on its own is not particularly useful. Calling it or using it in a <code>new</code> expression will throw a <code>TypeError</code>, except when used during object creation in JS engines that support subclassing. There are at present no such engines, so <code>%TypedArray%</code> is only useful to polyfill functions or properties onto all <em>TypedArray</em> constructors.</p> + +<h3 id="Property_access">Property access</h3> + +<p>You can reference elements in the array using standard array index syntax (that is, using bracket notation). However, getting or setting indexed properties on typed arrays will not search in the prototype chain for this property, even when the indices are out of bound. Indexed properties will consult the {{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}} and will never look at object properties. You can still use named properties, just like with all objects.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Setting and getting using standard array syntax +var int16 = new Int16Array(2); +int16[0] = 42; +console.log(int16[0]); // 42 + +// Indexed properties on prototypes are not consulted (Fx 25) +Int8Array.prototype[20] = "foo"; +(new Int8Array(32))[20]; // 0 +// even when out of bound +Int8Array.prototype[20] = "foo"; +(new Int8Array(8))[20]; // undefined +// or with negative integers +Int8Array.prototype[-1] = "foo"; +(new Int8Array(8))[-1]; // undefined + +// Named properties are allowed, though (Fx 30) +Int8Array.prototype.foo = "bar"; +(new Int8Array(32)).foo; // "bar"</pre> + +<h2 id="TypedArray_objects">TypedArray objects</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td class="header">Type</td> + <td class="header">Size in bytes</td> + <td class="header">Description</td> + <td class="header">Web IDL type</td> + <td class="header">Equivalent C type</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Int8Array")}}</td> + <td>1</td> + <td>8-bit two's complement signed integer</td> + <td><code>byte</code></td> + <td><code>int8_t</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Uint8Array")}}</td> + <td>1</td> + <td>8-bit unsigned integer</td> + <td><code>octet</code></td> + <td><code>uint8_t</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Uint8ClampedArray")}}</td> + <td>1</td> + <td>8-bit unsigned integer (clamped)</td> + <td><code>octet</code></td> + <td><code>uint8_t</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Int16Array")}}</td> + <td>2</td> + <td>16-bit two's complement signed integer</td> + <td><code>short</code></td> + <td><code>int16_t</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Uint16Array")}}</td> + <td>2</td> + <td>16-bit unsigned integer</td> + <td><code>unsigned short</code></td> + <td><code>uint16_t</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Int32Array")}}</td> + <td>4</td> + <td>32-bit two's complement signed integer</td> + <td><code>long</code></td> + <td><code>int32_t</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Uint32Array")}}</td> + <td>4</td> + <td>32-bit unsigned integer</td> + <td><code>unsigned long</code></td> + <td><code>uint32_t</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Float32Array")}}</td> + <td>4</td> + <td>32-bit IEEE floating point number</td> + <td><code>unrestricted float</code></td> + <td><code>float</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{jsxref("Float64Array")}}</td> + <td>8</td> + <td>64-bit IEEE floating point number</td> + <td><code>unrestricted double</code></td> + <td><code>double</code></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("TypedArray.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns a number value of the element size for the different typed array objects.</dd> + <dt><em>TypedArray</em>.length</dt> + <dd>Length property whose value is 3.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("TypedArray.name")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns the string value of the constructor name. E.g "Int8Array".</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("TypedArray.@@species", "get TypedArray[@@species]")}}</dt> + <dd>The constructor function that is used to create derived objects.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("TypedArray.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Prototype for the <em>TypedArray</em> objects.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Methods">Methods</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("TypedArray.from()")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a new typed array from an array-like or iterable object. See also {{jsxref("Array.from()")}}.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("TypedArray.of()")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a new typed array with a variable number of arguments. See also {{jsxref("Array.of()")}}.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="TypedArray_prototype">TypedArray prototype</h2> + +<p>All <em>TypedArray</em>s inherit from {{jsxref("TypedArray.prototype")}}.</p> + +<h3 id="Properties_2">Properties</h3> + +<p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray/prototype','Properties')}}</p> + +<h3 id="Methods_2">Methods</h3> + +<p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray/prototype','Methods')}}</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('Typed Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('Typed Array')}}</td> + <td>Defined as <code>TypedArray</code> and <code>ArrayBufferView</code> interface with typed array view types. Superseded by ECMAScript 6.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-typedarray-objects', 'TypedArray Objects')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition in an ECMA standard. Specified behaviour for indexed and named properties. Specified that <code>new</code> is required.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-typedarray-objects', 'TypedArray Objects')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(7.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("2")}}</td> + <td>10</td> + <td>11.6</td> + <td>5.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Indexed properties not consulting prototype</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [1]</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("25")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Named properties</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("30")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>new</code> is required</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("44")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Android Webview</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>4.0</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("2") }}</td> + <td>10</td> + <td>11.6</td> + <td>4.2</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Indexed properties not consulting prototype</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [1]</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("25") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}} [1]</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Named properties</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("30") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>new</code> is required</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("44") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<p>[1] <code>-1</code> and similar are not considered as indexed properties and therefore return the value of the prototype property.</p> + +<h2 id="Compatibility_notes">Compatibility notes</h2> + +<p>Starting with ECMAScript 2015 (ES6), <code>TypedArray</code> constructors require to be constructed with a {{jsxref("Operators/new", "new")}} operator. Calling a <code>TypedArray</code> constructor as a function without <code>new</code>, will throw a {{jsxref("TypeError")}} from now on.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">var dv = Int8Array([1, 2, 3]); +// TypeError: calling a builtin Int8Array constructor +// without new is forbidden</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js example-good">var dv = new Int8Array([1, 2, 3]);</pre> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Typed_arrays" title="en/JavaScript typed arrays">JavaScript typed arrays</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("DataView")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/typedarray/join/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/typedarray/join/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..84f328ae1b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/typedarray/join/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ +--- +title: TypedArray.prototype.join() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray/join +tags: + - ECMAScript6 + - JavaScript + - Method + - Prototype + - TypedArray +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray/join +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>Method <code><strong>join()</strong></code> menggabungkan semua elemen dari array menjadi sebuah string. Alogaritma method ini memiliki kesamaan dengan {{jsxref("Array.prototype.join()")}}<em>.</em> <em>TypedArray</em> di sini merupakan salah datu <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray#TypedArray_objects">typed array types</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code><var>typedarray</var>.join(<code>[<var>separator</var> = ',']</code>);</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameter">Parameter</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>separator</code></dt> + <dd>Opsional. Menentukan sebuah string untuk memisahkan setiap elemen. Separator perlu di konversi ke string jika dianggap penting. Jika dikosongkan, elemen array akan dipisahkan dengan tanda koma (",").</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">var uint8 = new Uint8Array([1,2,3]); +uint8.join(); // '1,2,3' +uint8.join(' / '); // '1 / 2 / 3' +uint8.join(''); // '123' +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.join', 'TypedArray.prototype.join')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.join', 'TypedArray.prototype.join')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("TypedArray")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.join()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..261b76a5b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +--- +title: Referensi JavaScript +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference +tags: + - JavaScript +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference +--- +<div>{{JsSidebar}}</div> + +<p>Laman ini merupakan bagian dari sesi JavaScript pada MDN yang berfungsi sebagai acuan mengenai bahasa pemrograman JavaScript. Pelajari lebih lanjut <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/About">perihal acuan ini</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Objek_Global">Objek Global</h2> + +<p>Bagian ini mendokumentasikan semua <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects">object standar built-in JavaScript</a>, beserta method dan propertinya.</p> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects', 'Standard_objects_by_category')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Pernyataan">Pernyataan</h2> + +<p>Bagian ini mendekumentasikan semua <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements">pernyataan dan deklarasi JavaScript</a>.</p> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements', 'Statements_and_declarations_by_category')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Ungkapan_dan_operator">Ungkapan dan operator</h2> + +<p>Bagian ini mendokumentasikan semua <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators">ungkapan dan operator JavaScript </a>.</p> + +<div>{{page('/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators', 'Expressions_and_operators_by_category')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Fungsi">Fungsi</h2> + +<p>Bagian ini mendokumentasikan tentang <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions">Fungsi JavaScrip</a> dan penggunaanya untuk pengembangan aplikasi anda.</p> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/arguments"><code>arguments</code></a></li> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Arrow_functions">Fungsi panah</a></li> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Default_parameters">Parameter default</a></li> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/rest_parameters">Parameter tambahan</a></li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="Acuan_tambahan">Acuan tambahan</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Lexical_grammar">Leksikal gramatika</a></li> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures">Struktur dan tipe data</a></li> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode">Modus strict</a></li> + <li><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Deprecated_and_obsolete_features">Fitur usang</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/lexical_grammar/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/lexical_grammar/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..83e5696ccd --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/lexical_grammar/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,670 @@ +--- +title: Lexical grammar +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Lexical_grammar +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Lexical_grammar +--- +<div>{{JsSidebar("More")}}</div> + +<p>Halaman ini menjelaskan tata bahasa leksikal JavaScript. Teks sumber skrip JavaScript dipindai dari kiri ke kanan dan diubah menjadi urutan elemen masukan yang merupakan token, karakter kontrol, terminator baris, komentar atau whitespace. ECMAScript juga mendefinisikan kata kunci dan literal tertentu dan memiliki aturan untuk penyisipan titik koma secara otomatis untuk mengakhiri pernyataan.</p> + +<h2 id="Karakter-karakter_kontrol">Karakter-karakter kontrol</h2> + +<p>Karakter kontrol tidak memiliki representasi visual namun digunakan untuk mengendalikan interpretasi teks.</p> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <caption>Karakter-karakter kontrol format unicode</caption> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Kode</th> + <th>Nama</th> + <th>Singkatan</th> + <th>Deskripsi</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>U+200C</code></td> + <td>Zero width non-joiner</td> + <td><ZWNJ></td> + <td>Ditempatkan di antara karakter untuk mencegah terhubung ke ligatur dalam bahasa tertentu (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-width_non-joiner">Wikipedia</a>).</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>U+200D</code></td> + <td>Zero width joiner</td> + <td><ZWJ></td> + <td>Ditempatkan di antara karakter yang biasanya tidak terhubung agar karakter dapat dirender menggunakan bentuknya yang terhubung dalam bahasa tertentu. (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-width_joiner">Wikipedia</a>).</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>U+FEFF</code></td> + <td>Byte order mark</td> + <td><BOM></td> + <td>Digunakan pada awal skrip untuk menandainya sebagai Unicode dan urutan byte teks (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark">Wikipedia</a>).</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="White_space">White space</h2> + +<p>Karakter whitespace meningkatkan keterbacaan teks sumber dan memisahkan token-token. Karakter ini biasanya tidak diperlukan untuk fungsionalitas kode. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minification_%28programming%29">Alat minifikasi </a>sering digunakan untuk membuang whitespace agar mengurangi jumlah data yang perlu ditransfer.</p> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <caption>Karakter-karakter whitespace</caption> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Kode</th> + <th>Nama</th> + <th>Singkatan</th> + <th>Deskripsi</th> + <th> + <p>Rangkaian pelolosan/Escape</p> + </th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+0009</td> + <td>Tabulasi karakter</td> + <td><HT></td> + <td>Tabulasi horisontal</td> + <td>\t</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+000B</td> + <td>Tabulasi baris</td> + <td><VT></td> + <td>Tabulasi vertikal</td> + <td>\v</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+000C</td> + <td>Form feed</td> + <td><FF></td> + <td>Karakter kontrol pemecah halaman (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page_break#Form_feed">Wikipedia</a>).</td> + <td>\f</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+0020</td> + <td>Space</td> + <td><SP></td> + <td>Spasi normal</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+00A0</td> + <td>No-break space</td> + <td><NBSP></td> + <td>Spasi normal, tetapi tidak ada petunjuk dimana baris terputus.</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Others</td> + <td>Other Unicode space characters</td> + <td><USP></td> + <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_%28punctuation%29#Spaces_in_Unicode">Spasi di Unicode on Wikipedia</a></td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Terminator_baris">Terminator baris</h2> + +<p>Selain karakter whitespace, karakter terminator baris digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterbacaan teks sumber. Namun, dalam beberapa kasus, terminator baris dapat mempengaruhi eksekusi kode JavaScript karena ada beberapa tempat di mana mereka dilarang. Terminator baris juga mempengaruhi proses <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Lexical_grammar#Automatic_semicolon_insertion">penyisipan titik koma otomatis</a>. Terminator baris dicocokkan dengan kelas <strong>\s </strong>dalam <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">regular expressions</a>.</p> + +<p>Hanya kode Unicode berikut yang diperlakukan sebagai terminator baris di ECMAScript, karakter pemecah baris lainnya diperlakukan sebagai whitespace (misalnya, Next Line, NEL, U+0085 dianggap sebagai whitespace).</p> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <caption>Karakter-karakter terminator baris</caption> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Kode</th> + <th>Nama</th> + <th>Singkatan</th> + <th>Deskripsi</th> + <th>Rangkaian pelolosan/escape </th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+000A</td> + <td>Line Feed</td> + <td><LF></td> + <td>Karakter baris baru di sistem UNIX.</td> + <td>\n</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+000D</td> + <td>Carriage Return</td> + <td><CR></td> + <td>Karakter baris baru di Commodore dan sistem Mac awal.</td> + <td>\r</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+2028</td> + <td>Line Separator</td> + <td><LS></td> + <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline">Wikipedia</a></td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>U+2029</td> + <td>Paragraph Separator</td> + <td><PS></td> + <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline">Wikipedia</a></td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Komentar">Komentar</h2> + +<p>Komentar digunakan untuk menambahkan petunjuk, catatan, saran, atau peringatan ke kode JavaScript. Hal ini dapat mempermudah membaca dan memahami. Mereka juga dapat digunakan untuk menonaktifkan kode agar tidak dieksekusi; Ini juga dapat menjadi alat debugging yang berharga.</p> + +<p>JavaScript memiliki dua cara untuk memberi komentar pada kodenya.</p> + +<p>Cara pertama adalah komentar //; Ini membuat semua teks yang mengikutinya pada baris yang sama menjadi sebuah komentar. Sebagai contoh:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function komentar() { + // Ini adalah komentar JavaScript satu baris + console.log('Hello world!'); +} +komentar(); +</pre> + +<p>Cara kedua adalah komentar gaya <code>/* */ , yang jauh lebih fleksibel</code>.</p> + +<p>Misalnya, Anda bisa menggunakannya dalam satu baris:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function komentar() { + /* Ini adalah komentar JavaScript satu baris */ + console.log('Hello world!'); +} +komentar();</pre> + +<p>Anda juga bisa membuat komentar beberapa baris, seperti ini:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function komentar() { + /* Komentar ini merentang dalam beberapa baris. Perhatikan + bahwa kita tidak perlu mengakhir komentar sebelum selesai. */ + console.log('Hello world!'); +} +komentar();</pre> + +<p>Anda juga bisa menggunakannya di tengah baris, jika Anda mau, meskipun ini bisa membuat kode Anda lebih sulit dibaca sehingga harus digunakan dengan hati-hati:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function komentar(x) { + console.log('Hello ' + x /* menysipkan nilai dari x */ + ' !'); +} +comment('world');</pre> + +<p>Selain itu, Anda bisa menggunakannya untuk menonaktifkan kode agar tidak berjalan, dengan membungkus kode dalam komentar, seperti ini:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function comment() { + /* console.log('Hello world!'); */ +} +comment();</pre> + +<p>Dalam hal ini, pemaggilan <code>console.log()</code> tidak pernah dikeluarkan, karena itu ada di dalam komentar. Sejumlah baris kode dapat dinonaktifkan dengan cara ini.</p> + +<h2 id="Kata_kunci">Kata kunci</h2> + +<h3 id="Reserved_keywords_as_of_ECMAScript_2015">Reserved keywords as of ECMAScript 2015</h3> + +<ul class="threecolumns"> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/break", "break")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/switch", "case")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/try...catch", "catch")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/class", "class")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/const", "const")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/continue", "continue")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/debugger", "debugger")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/default", "default")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/delete", "delete")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/do...while", "do")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/if...else", "else")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/export", "export")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/class", "extends")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/try...catch", "finally")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/for", "for")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function", "function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/if...else", "if")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/import", "import")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/in", "in")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/instanceof", "instanceof")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/new", "new")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/return", "return")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/super", "super")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/switch", "switch")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/this", "this")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/throw", "throw")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/try...catch", "try")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/typeof", "typeof")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/var", "var")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/void", "void")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/while", "while")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/with", "with")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/yield", "yield")}}</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="Kata_kunci_akan_datang_yang_dicadangkan">Kata kunci akan datang yang dicadangkan</h3> + +<p>Berikut ini disediakan sebagai kata kunci akan datang menurut spesifikasi ECMAScript. Mereka tidak memiliki fungsi khusus saat ini, namun mungkin pada beberapa waktu mendatang, sehingga tidak dapat digunakan sebagai pengidentifikasi.</p> + +<p>Selalu dicadangkan:</p> + +<ul> + <li><code>enum</code></li> +</ul> + +<p>Berikut ini hanya dicadangkan saat ditemukan dalam kode mode strict "ketat":</p> + +<ul class="threecolumns"> + <li><code>implements</code></li> + <li><code>interface</code></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/let", "let")}}</li> + <li><code>package</code></li> + <li><code>private</code></li> + <li><code>protected</code></li> + <li><code>public</code></li> + <li><code>static</code></li> +</ul> + +<p>Berikut ini hanya dicadangkan saat ditemukan dalam kode modul:</p> + +<ul> + <li><code>await</code></li> +</ul> + +<h4 id="Kata_kunci_standart_lama_yang_masih_dingunakan_hingga_sekarang">Kata kunci standart lama yang masih dingunakan hingga sekarang</h4> + +<p>Berikut adalah dicadankan sebagai kata kunci akan datang pada spesifikasi ECMAScript usang (ECMAScript 1 s/d 3).</p> + +<ul class="threecolumns"> + <li><code>abstract</code></li> + <li><code>boolean</code></li> + <li><code>byte</code></li> + <li><code>char</code></li> + <li><code>double</code></li> + <li><code>final</code></li> + <li><code>float</code></li> + <li><code>goto</code></li> + <li><code>int</code></li> + <li><code>long</code></li> + <li><code>native</code></li> + <li><code>short</code></li> + <li><code>synchronized</code></li> + <li><code>throws</code></li> + <li><code>transient</code></li> + <li><code>volatile</code></li> +</ul> + +<p>Selain itu literal-literal null, true, dan false tidak dapat digunakan sebagai pengidentifikasi didalam ECMAScript.</p> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_kata_dicadangkan">Penggunaan kata dicadangkan</h3> + +<p>Kata yang dicadangkan sebenarnya hanya berlaku untuk pengidentifikasi (vs. <code>IdentifierNames</code> ). Seperti yang dijelaskan di <a href="https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=id&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&sp=nmt4&u=http://es5.github.com/&usg=ALkJrhjBjEUJU4dp4L4cwHxJF9qX9WRmJg#A.1">es5.github.com/#A.1</a>, ini semua adalah <code>IdentifierNames</code> yang tidak mengecualikan <code>ReservedWords</code> .</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">a.import +a['import'] +a = { import: 'test' }. +</pre> + +<p>Di sisi lain, hal-hal berikut ini ilegal karena ini adalah pengidentifikasi, yaitu <code>IdentifierName</code> tanpa kata-kata yang dicadangkan. Pengidentifikasi digunakan untuk <code>FunctionDeclaration</code> dan <code>FunctionExpression</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function import() {} // Illegal.</pre> + +<h2 id="Literal">Literal</h2> + +<h3 id="Literal_null">Literal null</h3> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/null"><code>null</code></a> untuk informasi lebih lanjut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">null</pre> + +<h3 id="Literal_Boolean">Literal Boolean</h3> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean"><code>Boolean</code></a> untuk informasi lebih lanjut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">true +false</pre> + +<h3 id="Literal_numerik">Literal numerik</h3> + +<h4 id="Decimal">Decimal</h4> + +<pre class="brush: js">1234567890 +42 + +// Waspada saat mengunakan nol dimuka: +0888 // 888 diuraikan sebagai desimal +0777 // diuraikan sebagai oktal, 511 dalam desimal +</pre> + +<p>Perhatikan bahwa literal desimal dapat dimulai dengan angka nol ( <code>0</code> ) diikuti oleh digit desimal lainnya, namun jika semua digit setelah angka <code>0</code> teratas lebih kecil dari 8, angka tersebut diartikan sebagai angka oktal. Ini tidak akan melempar JavaScript, lihat {{bug(957513)}}. Lihat juga halaman tentang <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/parseInt#Octal_interpretations_with_no_radix"><code>parseInt()</code></a>.</p> + +<h4 id="Biner">Biner</h4> + +<p>Sintaksis bilangan biner menggunakan nol dimuka diikuti huruf kecil atau huruf besar Latin "B" ( <code>0b</code> atau <code>0B</code> ). Karena sintaksis ini baru di ECMAScript 2015, lihat tabel kompatibilitas browser, di bawah ini. Jika digit setelah <code>0b</code> tidak 0 atau 1, <code><a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SyntaxError">SyntaxError</a></code> berikut dilempar: "Missing binary digits after 0b".</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var FLT_SIGNBIT = 0b10000000000000000000000000000000; // 2147483648 +var FLT_EXPONENT = 0b01111111100000000000000000000000; // 2139095040 +var FLT_MANTISSA = 0B00000000011111111111111111111111; // 8388607</pre> + +<h4 id="Oktal">Oktal</h4> + +<p>Sintaksis bilangan oktal menggunakan nol dimuka diikuti huruf kecil atau huruf besar Latin "O" ( <code>0o</code> atau <code>0O)</code>. Karena sintaks ini baru di ECMAScript 2015, lihat tabel kompatibilitas browser, di bawah ini. Jika digit setelah <code>0o</code> berada di luar kisaran (01234567), <code><a href="https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=id&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&sp=nmt4&u=https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SyntaxError&usg=ALkJrhiX0-YeC0tkMqUM7J5gbQfM2LI8bA">SyntaxError</a></code> berikut dilempar: "Missing octal digits after 0o".</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var n = 0O755; // 493 +var m = 0o644; // 420 + +// Juga dimungkinkan hanya menggunakan nol dimuka (lihat tentang desimal diatas) +0755 +0644 +</pre> + +<h4 id="Heksadesimal">Heksadesimal</h4> + +<p>Sintaksis bilangan heksadesimal menggunakan nol dimuka diikuti huruf kecil atau huruf besar Latin "X" ( <code>0x</code> atau <code>0X)</code>. Jika digit setelah 0x berada di luar rentang (0123456789ABCDEF), <code><a href="https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=id&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&sp=nmt4&u=https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SyntaxError&usg=ALkJrhiX0-YeC0tkMqUM7J5gbQfM2LI8bA">SyntaxError</a></code> berikut dilempar: "Identifier starts immediately after numeric literal".</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF // 295147905179352830000 +0x123456789ABCDEF // 81985529216486900 +0XA // 10 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Literal_objek">Literal objek</h3> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" title="Konstruktor Objek menciptakan pembungkus objek."><code>Objek</code></a> and <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Object_initializer">Penginisialisasi objek</a> untuk informasi lebih lanjut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var o = { a: 'foo', b: 'bar', c: 42 }; + +// notasi singkat. baru di ES2015 +var a = 'foo', b = 'bar', c = 42; +var o = {a, b, c}; + +// bukannya +var o = { a: a, b: b, c: c }; +</pre> + +<h3 id="Literal_array">Literal array</h3> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array" title="Objek JavaScript Array adalah objek global yang digunakan dalam konstruksi array; Yang tingkat tinggi, daftar-seperti objek."><code>Array</code></a> untuk informasi lebih lanjut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">[1954, 1974, 1990, 2014]</pre> + +<h3 id="Literal_string">Literal string</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">'foo' +"bar"</pre> + +<h4 id="Rangkaian_pelolosanescape_heksadesimal">Rangkaian pelolosan/escape heksadesimal</h4> + +<pre class="brush: js">'\xA9' // "©" +</pre> + +<h4 id="Rangkaian_pelolosanescape_Unicode">Rangkaian pelolosan/escape Unicode</h4> + +<p>Rangkaian pelolosan Unicode memerlukan setidaknya empat karakter diawali <code>\u</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'\u00A9' // "©"</pre> + +<h4 id="Penerapan_point_kode_Unicode">Penerapan point kode Unicode</h4> + +<p>Baru di ECMAScript 2015. Dengan pelolosan kode Unicode, tiap karakter dapat diloloskan menggunakan bilangan hexadesimal jadi dimungkinkan untuk menggunkan kode Unicode sampai <code>0x10FFFF</code>. Dengan pelolosan Unicode sederhana terkadang lebih dibutuhkan untuk menulis bagian pengganti secara terpisah untuk mencapai tujuan yang sama.</p> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/fromCodePoint" title="Metode String.fromCodePoint () statis mengembalikan sebuah string yang dibuat dengan menggunakan urutan kode poin yang ditentukan."><code>String.fromCodePoint()</code></a> atau <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/codePointAt" title="Metode codePointAt () mengembalikan bilangan bulat non-negatif yaitu nilai titik kode Unicode."><code>String.prototype.codePointAt()</code></a>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">'\u{2F804}' + +// ekuivalen dengan pelolosan Unicode sederhana +'\uD87E\uDC04'</pre> + +<h3 id="Literal_regular_expression">Literal regular expression</h3> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp"><code>RegExp</code></a> untuk informasi lebih lanjut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">/ab+c/g + +// Suatu literal "kosong" regular expression +// diperlukan grup bukan penangkap +// untuk menghindarkan ambiguitas denga komentar satu baris +/(?:)/</pre> + +<h3 id="Literal_template">Literal template</h3> + +<p>Lihat juga <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/template_strings">template strings</a> untuk informasi lebih lanjut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">`string text` + +`string text baris 1 + string text baris 2` + +`string text ${expression} string text` + +tag `string text ${expression} string text`</pre> + +<h2 id="Penyisipan_titik_koma_otomatis">Penyisipan titik koma otomatis</h2> + +<p>Beberapa <a href="/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements">pernyataan JavaScript</a> harus diakhiri dengan titik koma an oleh karena itu dipengaruhi oleh penyisipan otomatis semicolon (ASI):</p> + +<ul> + <li>Pernyataan kosong/empty</li> + <li><code>Pernyataan variabel let</code>, <code>const</code></li> + <li>Deklarasi modul <code>import</code>, <code>export</code></li> + <li>Pernyataan ekspresi</li> + <li><code>debugger</code></li> + <li><code>continue</code>, <code>break</code>, <code>throw</code></li> + <li><code>return</code></li> +</ul> + +<p>Spesifikasi ECMAScript menyebutkan<a href="https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-rules-of-automatic-semicolon-insertion"> tiga aturan penyisipan titik koma</a>.</p> + +<p>1. Titik koma disisipkan sebelumnya, bila <a href="#Line_terminators">terminator baris</a> or "}" diteramukan yang tidak diizinkan oleh tata bahasa.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">{ 1 2 } 3 + +// di transformasikan ke ASI kedalam + +{ 1 2 ;} 3;</pre> + +<p>2. Titik koma disisipkan di bagian akhir, saat akhir aliran input token terdeteksi dan parser tidak dapat mengurai aliran input tunggal aliran sebagai program yang lengkap.</p> + +<p>Disini <code>++</code> tidak diperlakukan sebagai <a href="https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=id&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&sp=nmt4&u=https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Arithmetic_Operators&usg=ALkJrhiOfEeVCTWu4sPLc0ZtV2xIdzr_zA#Increment">operator postfix</a> yang menerapkan variabel <code>b</code>, karena terminator baris terjadi antara <code>b</code> dan <code>++</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">a = b +++c + +// di transformasikan ke ASI kedalam + +a = b; +++c; +</pre> + +<p>3. Titik koma disisipkan pada akhirnya, ketika sebuah pernyataan dengan produksi terbatas dalam tata bahasa diikuti oleh terminator baris. Pernyataan-pernyataan ini dengan aturan "tidak diperlukan terminator baris" adalah:</p> + +<ul> + <li>PostfixExpressions (<code>++</code> and <code>--</code>)</li> + <li><code>continue</code></li> + <li><code>break</code></li> + <li><code>return</code></li> + <li><code>yield</code>, <code>yield*</code></li> + <li><code>module</code></li> +</ul> + +<pre class="brush: js">return +a + b + +// di transformasikan ke ASI kedalam + +return; +a + b; +</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2("ES1")}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-7', 'Lexical Conventions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar', 'Lexical Grammar')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> + <p>Ditambahkan: Literal Bilangan Biner dan Octal, pelolosan kode Unicode, Templates</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar', 'Lexical Grammar')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Edge</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Literal numerik biner dan oktal (<code>0b</code> dan <code>0o</code>)</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(41)}}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(25)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera(28)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(9)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Pelolosan kode Unicode (<code>\u{}</code>)</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(44)}}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(40)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera(31)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(9)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Notasi singkat untuk literal objek</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(43)}}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(33)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(30)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(9)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Literal template</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(41)}}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(34)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatOpera(28)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(9)}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Literal numerik biner dan oktal (<code>0b</code> dan <code>0o</code>)</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>41</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckomobile(33)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Pelolosan kode Unicode (<code>\u{}</code>)</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckomobile(40)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Notasi singkat untuk literal objek</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(33)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Literal template</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(34)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Firefox-specific_notes">Firefox-specific notes</h2> + +<ul> + <li>Sebelum Firefox 5 (JavaScript 1.8.6), kata kunci dicadangkan akan datang dapat digunakan saat tidak menggunakan mode strict. Pelanggaran ECMAScript ini telah diperbaiki di Firefox 5.</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="http://whereswalden.com/2013/08/12/micro-feature-from-es6-now-in-firefox-aurora-and-nightly-binary-and-octal-numbers/">Jeff Walden: </a><a href="http://whereswalden.com/2013/08/12/micro-feature-from-es6-now-in-firefox-aurora-and-nightly-binary-and-octal-numbers/">Bilangan biner dan oktal</a></li> + <li><a href="http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-escapes">Mathias Bynens: Rangkaian karakter pelolosan JavaScript</a></li> + <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean" title="The Boolean object is an object wrapper for a boolean value."><code>Boolean</code></a></li> + <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number" title="The Number JavaScript object is a wrapper object allowing you to work with numerical values. A Number object is created using the Number() constructor."><code>Number</code></a></li> + <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp" title="The RegExp constructor creates a regular expression object for matching text with a pattern."><code>RegExp</code></a></li> + <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/id/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String" title="The String global object is a constructor for strings, or a sequence of characters."><code>String</code></a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/conditional_operator/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/conditional_operator/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1a64158acb --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/conditional_operator/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ +--- +title: Operasional Kondisi (ternary) +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Conditional_Operator +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Conditional_Operator +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Operators")}}</div> + +<p><strong>Operasianal kondisional (ternary)</strong> adalah satu-satunya operator yang hanya membutuhkan tiga operator. Operator ini sering digunakan sebagai jalan pintas untuk `if` statement.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><em>condition</em> ? <em>expr1</em> : <em>expr2</em> </pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>condition (atau conditions)</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah ekspresi akan menguji apakah menghasilkan <code>true</code> atau <code>false</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>expr1</code>, <code>expr2</code></dt> + <dd>Ekspresi yang akan dilakukan setelah kondisi terpenuhi.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>Jika <code>condition</code> menghasilkan <code>true</code>, maka operator ini akan menghasilkan/mengembalikan nilai dari <code>expr1</code>; dan jika sebaliknya, ini akan menghasilkan/mengembalikan nilai dari <code>expr2</code>. Sebagai contoh, untuk menampilkan pesan yang berbeda berdasarkan nilai dari variabel <code>isMember</code>, anda bisa menggunakan contoh kode berikut:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var isMember = true; +'The fee is ' + (isMember ? '$2.00' : '$10.00'); //$2.00 +</pre> + +<p>Anda juga dapat mendefinisikan sebuah variabel secara langsung:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var elvisLives = Math.PI > 4 ? 'Yep' : 'Nope';</pre> + +<p>Anda juga bisa menggunakan operator ternary secara jamak (catatan: conditional operator adalah associative yang lebih baik):</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">var firstCheck = false, secondCheck = false, access = firstCheck ? 'Access denied' : secondCheck ? 'Access denied' : 'Access granted'; +console.log(access); // logs "Access granted"</pre> + +<p>Anda juga dapat menggunakan pengondisian jamak seperti pengondisian jamak pada statement IF pada umumnya:</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">var condition1 = true, + condition2 = false, + access = condition1 ? (condition2 ? "true true": "true false") : (condition2 ? "false true" : "false false"); + +console.log(access); // logs "true false" +</pre> + +<p> </p> + +<p>Note: The parentheses are not required, and do not affect the functionality. They are there to help visualize how the outcome is processed.</p> + +<p>You can also use ternary evaluations in free space in order to do different operations:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var stop = false, age = 16; + +age > 18 ? location.assign('continue.html') : stop = true; +</pre> + +<p>You can also do more than one single operation per case, separating them with a comma, and enclosing them in parenthesis:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var stop = false, age = 23; + +age > 18 ? ( + alert('OK, you can go.'), + location.assign('continue.html') +) : ( + stop = true, + alert('Sorry, you are much too young!') +); +</pre> + +<p>You can also do more than one operation during the assignation of a value. In this case, <strong><em>the last comma-separated value of the parenthesis</em> will be the value to be assigned</strong>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var age = 16; + +var url = age > 18 ? ( + alert('OK, you can go.'), + // alert returns "undefined", but it will be ignored because + // isn't the last comma-separated value of the parenthesis + 'continue.html' // the value to be assigned if age > 18 +) : ( + alert('You are much too young!'), + alert('Sorry :-('), + // etc. etc. + 'stop.html' // the value to be assigned if !(age > 18) +); + +location.assign(url); // "stop.html"</pre> + +<h3 id="Returning_Ternary_Statements">Returning Ternary Statements</h3> + +<p>The ternary operator lends itself well to function returns that would otherwise require an <code>if/else</code> statement.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var func1 = function( .. ) { + if (condition1) { return value1 } + else { return value2 } +} + +var func2 = function( .. ) { + return condition1 ? value1 : value2 +}</pre> + +<p>A good way to spot that the ternary will be a suitable replacement for an <code>if/else</code> statement is when the <code>return</code> keyword is used multiple times and is the only expression inside of the if block.</p> + +<p>By breaking the ternary onto multiple lines and making use of extra whitespace, the ternary operator can be used to very cleanly replace a lengthy series of <code>if/else</code> statements. This provides a syntactically light way of expressing the same logic:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var func1 = function( .. ) { + if (condition1) { return value1 } + else if (condition2) { return value2 } + else if (condition3) { return value3 } + else { return value4 } +} + +var func2 = function( .. ) { + return condition1 ? value1 + : condition2 ? value2 + : condition3 ? value3 + : value4 +}</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-conditional-operator', 'Conditional Operator')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-conditional-operator', 'Conditional Operator')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-11.12', 'The conditional operator')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1', '#sec-11.12', 'The conditional operator')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.operators.conditional")}}</p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/if...else">if statement</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/fungsi/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/fungsi/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5366891a5c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/fungsi/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ +--- +title: ungkapan fungsi +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/fungsi +tags: + - Fungsi + - JavaScript + - Operator + - Ungkapan Utama +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/function +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Operators")}}</div> + +<div>Kata kunci <code><strong>fungsi</strong></code> digunakan untuk mendefinisikan <code><strong>fungsi</strong></code> dalam sebuah ungkapan<em>.</em></div> + +<div> </div> + +<h2 id="Sintaksis">Sintaksis</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">function [<em>nama</em>]([<em>param1</em>[, <em>param2[</em>, ..., <em>paramN</em>]]]) { + pernyataan +}</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>nama</code></dt> + <dd>Bisa dihilangkan apabila fungsi merupaka fungsi <em>anonim</em>. Nama fungsi bersifat lokal, relatif terhadap tubuh fungsi.</dd> + <dt><code>paramN</code></dt> + <dd>Nama argumen yang akan diumpankan kepada fungsi.</dd> + <dt><code>pernyataan</code></dt> + <dd>Pernyataan yang menyusun tubuh fungsi.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Sintaksis ungkapan fungsi nyaris sama apabila dibandingkan dengan sintaksis pernyataan fungsi(lihat <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function">pernyataan fungsi</a> untuk lebih jelasnya). Perbedaan utama antara ungkapan fungsi dengan pernyataan fungsi ialah; ungkapan fungsi memperbolehkan <em>nama fungsi </em>untuk tidak digunakan/dihilangkan apabila ungkapan fungsi tersebut merupakan fungsi <em>anonim</em>. Ungkapan fungsi dapat digunakan sebagai <em><strong>IIFE </strong>(immediately Invoked Function Expression)</em>, sebuah fungsi yang otomatis dijalankan apabila didefinisikan. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat juga bab tentang <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions">fungsi</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<p>Dibawah ini merupakan contoh definisi sebuah fungsi tanpa nama yang kemudian ditugaskan kedalam variabel <code>x</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = function(y) { + return y * y; +}; +</pre> + +<h3 id="Ungkapan_fungsi_bernama_(Named_function_expression)">Ungkapan fungsi bernama (Named function expression)</h3> + +<p>Apabila sebuah fungsi hendak dipanggil dari dalam tubuh fungsi itu sendiri, pergunakanlah ungkapan fungsi bernama. Nama fungsi bersifat lokal relatif terhadap tubuh fungsi. Manfaat penggunaan ungkapan fungsi bernama ialah menghindarkan penggunaan properti non-standar <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/arguments/callee">arguments.callee</a></code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var math = { + 'factorial': function factorial(n) { + if (n <= 1) + return 1; + return n * factorial(n - 1); + } +}; +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-function-definitions', 'Function definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-function-definitions', 'Function definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-13', 'Function definition')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3', '#sec-13', 'Function definition')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Definisi awal. Diterapkan pada JavaScript 1.5.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kesesuaian_Perambah_(Browser)">Kesesuaian Perambah (Browser)</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan Mendasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan Mendasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions_and_function_scope", "Functions and function scope")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function", "function statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function* statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function*", "function* expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ef3afeb763 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ +--- +title: Expressions and operators +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators +tags: + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Operators + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Operators")}}</div> + +<p>This chapter documents all the JavaScript language operators, expressions and keywords.</p> + +<h2 id="Ekspresi_and_operator_sesuai_kategori">Ekspresi and operator sesuai kategori</h2> + +<p>Untuk daftar isi sesuai Alfabet, silahkan lihat sisi sebelah kiri artikel ini.</p> + +<h3 id="Primary_expressions">Primary expressions</h3> + +<p>Basic keywords and general expressions in JavaScript.</p> + +<p>Keyword-keyword dasar dan ekspersi-ekspresi umum di javascript</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/this", "this")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>this</code> keyword refers to the function's execution context.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/function", "function")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>function</code> keyword defines a function expression.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Array", "[]")}}</dt> + <dd>Array literal syntax.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Object", "{}")}}</dt> + <dd>Object literal syntax.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/RegExp", "/ab+c/i")}}</dt> + <dd>Regular expression literal syntax.</dd> + <dt>{{experimental_inline()}} {{jsxref("Operators/Array_comprehensions", "[for (x of y) x]")}}</dt> + <dd>Array comprehensions.</dd> + <dt>{{experimental_inline()}} {{jsxref("Operators/Generator_comprehensions", "(for (x of y) y)")}}</dt> + <dd>Generator comprehensions.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Grouping", "( )")}}</dt> + <dd>Grouping operator.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Left-hand-side_expressions">Left-hand-side expressions</h3> + +<p>Left values are the destination of an assignment.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Property_accessors", "Property accessors", "", 1)}}</dt> + <dd>Member operators provide access to a property or method of an object<br> + (<code>object.property</code> and <code>object["property"]</code>).</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/new", "new")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>new</code> operator creates an instance of a constructor.</dd> + <dt>{{experimental_inline()}} {{jsxref("Operators/super", "super")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>super</code> keyword calls the parent constructor.</dd> + <dt>{{experimental_inline()}} {{jsxref("Operators/Spread_operator", "...obj")}}</dt> + <dd>The spread operator allows an expression to be expanded in places where multiple arguments (for function calls) or multiple elements (for array literals) are expected.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Increment_and_decrement">Increment and decrement</h3> + +<p>Postfix/prefix increment and postfix/prefix decrement operators.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "A++", "#Increment")}}</dt> + <dd>Postfix increment operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "A--", "#Decrement")}}</dt> + <dd>Postfix decrement operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "++A", "#Increment")}}</dt> + <dd>Prefix increment operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "--A", "#Decrement")}}</dt> + <dd>Prefix decrement operator.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Unary_operators">Unary operators</h3> + +<p>A unary operation is operation with only one operand.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/delete", "delete")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>delete</code> operator deletes a property from an object.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/void", "void")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>void</code> operator discards an expression's return value.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/typeof", "typeof")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>typeof</code> operator determines the type of a given object.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "+", "#Unary_plus")}}</dt> + <dd>The unary plus operator converts its operand to Number type.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "-", "#Unary_negation")}}</dt> + <dd>The unary negation operator converts its operand to Number type and then negates it.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Bitwise_Operators", "~", "#Bitwise_NOT")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise NOT operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Logical_Operators", "!", "#Logical_NOT")}}</dt> + <dd>Logical NOT operator.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Arithmetic_operators">Arithmetic operators</h3> + +<p>Arithmetic operators take numerical values (either literals or variables) as their operands and return a single numerical value.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "+", "#Addition")}}</dt> + <dd>Addition operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "-", "#Subtraction")}}</dt> + <dd>Subtraction operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "/", "#Division")}}</dt> + <dd>Division operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "*", "#Multiplication")}}</dt> + <dd>Multiplication operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Arithmetic_Operators", "%", "#Remainder")}}</dt> + <dd>Remainder operator.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Relational_operators">Relational operators</h3> + +<p>A comparison operator compares its operands and returns a <code>Boolean</code> value based on whether the comparison is true.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/in", "in")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>in</code> operator determines whether an object has a given property.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/instanceof", "instanceof")}}</dt> + <dd>The <code>instanceof</code> operator determines whether an object is an instance of another object.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", "<", "#Less_than_operator")}}</dt> + <dd>Less than operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", ">", "#Greater_than_operator")}}</dt> + <dd>Greater than operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", "<=", "#Less_than_or_equal_operator")}}</dt> + <dd>Less than or equal operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", ">=", "#Greater_than_or_equal_operator")}}</dt> + <dd>Greater than or equal operator.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Equality_operators">Equality operators</h3> + +<p>The result of evaluating an equality operator is always of type <code>Boolean</code> based on whether the comparison is true.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", "==", "#Equality")}}</dt> + <dd>Equality operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", "!=", "#Inequality")}}</dt> + <dd>Inequality operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", "===", "#Identity")}}</dt> + <dd>Identity operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comparison_Operators", "!==", "#Nonidentity")}}</dt> + <dd>Nonidentity operator.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Bitwise_shift_operators">Bitwise shift operators</h3> + +<p>Operations to shift all bits of the operand.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Bitwise_Operators", "<<", "#Left_shift")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise left shift operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Bitwise_Operators", ">>", "#Right_shift")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise right shift operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Bitwise_Operators", ">>>", "#Unsigned_right_shift")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise unsigned right shift operator.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Binary_bitwise_operators">Binary bitwise operators</h3> + +<p>Bitwise operators treat their operands as a set of 32 bits (zeros and ones) and return standard JavaScript numerical values.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Bitwise_Operators", "&", "#Bitwise_AND")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise AND.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Bitwise_Operators", "|", "#Bitwise_OR")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise OR.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Bitwise_Operators", "^", "#Bitwise_XOR")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise XOR.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Binary_logical_operators">Binary logical operators</h3> + +<p>Logical operators are typically used with boolean (logical) values, and when they are, they return a boolean value.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Logical_Operators", "&&", "#Logical_AND")}}</dt> + <dd>Logical AND.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Logical_Operators", "||", "#Logical_OR")}}</dt> + <dd>Logical OR.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Conditional_(ternary)_operator">Conditional (ternary) operator</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Conditional_Operator", "(condition ? ifTrue : ifFalse)")}}</dt> + <dd> + <p>The conditional operator returns one of two values based on the logical value of the condition.</p> + </dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Assignment_operators">Assignment operators</h3> + +<p>An assignment operator assigns a value to its left operand based on the value of its right operand.</p> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "=", "#Assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Assignment operator.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "*=", "#Multiplication_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Multiplication assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "/=", "#Division_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Division assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "%=", "#Remainder_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Remainder assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "+=", "#Addition_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Addition assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "-=", "#Subtraction_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Subtraction assignment</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "<<=", "#Left_shift_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Left shift assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", ">>=", "#Right_shift_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Right shift assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", ">>>=", "#Unsigned_right_shift_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Unsigned right shift assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "&=", "#Bitwise_AND_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise AND assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "^=", "#Bitwise_XOR_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise XOR assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "|=", "#Bitwise_OR_assignment")}}</dt> + <dd>Bitwise OR assignment.</dd> + <dt>{{experimental_inline()}} {{jsxref("Operators/Destructuring_assignment", "[a, b] = [1, 2]")}}<br> + {{experimental_inline()}} {{jsxref("Operators/Destructuring_assignment", "{a, b} = {a:1, b:2}")}}</dt> + <dd> + <p>Destructuring assignment allows you to assign the properties of an array or object to variables using syntax that looks similar to array or object literals.</p> + </dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Comma_operator">Comma operator</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Comma_Operator", ",")}}</dt> + <dd> + <p>The comma operator allows multiple expressions to be evaluated in a single statement and returns the result of the last expression.</p> + </dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>ECMAScript 1st Edition.</td> + <td>Standard</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-11', 'Expressions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-ecmascript-language-expressions', 'ECMAScript Language: Expressions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>New: Spread operator, destructuring assignment, <code>super</code> keyword, Array comprehensions, Generator comprehensions</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Operator_Precedence">Operator precedence</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/yield/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/yield/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..366f2aaa38 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/operators/yield/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +--- +title: yield +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/yield +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/yield +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Operators")}}</div> + +<p>Keyword <code>yield</code> digunakan untuk menghentikan sementara dan melanjutkan sebuah fungsi generator ({{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function*")}} atau <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/Legacy_generator_function">legacy generator function</a>).</p> + +<h2 id="Sintak">Sintak</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox notranslate">[<em>rv</em>] = <strong>yield</strong> [<em>expression</em>];</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>expression</code></dt> + <dd>Mendefeniskan nilai yang akan dikembalikan melalui <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Iteration_protocols#The_iterator_protocol">iterator protocol</a>. Apabila diabaikan, maka <code>undefined</code> akan dikembalikan.</dd> + <dt><code>rv</code></dt> + <dd> + <p>Mengembalikan nilai opsional yang diberikan pada generator method <code>next()</code> untuk melanjutkan eksekusinya.</p> + </dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Keyword <code>yield </code>menghentikan secara sementara eksekusi dari fungsi generator dan nilai setelah keyword <code>yield</code> dikembalikan pada pemanggil generator tersebut. <code>yield</code> bisa juga disebut sebagai versi generator dari keyword<code>return</code>.</p> + +<p>Keyword <code>yield</code> sebenarnya mengembalikan sebuah obyek <code>IteratorResult</code> dengan dua properti, <code>value</code> dan <code>done</code>. Properti<code>value</code> adalah hasi dari evaluasi ekspresi <code>yield</code>, dan <code>done</code> yang <code>false</code>, mengindikasikan bahwa fungsi generator tersebut belum selesai sepenuhnya.</p> + +<p>Sekali berhenti pada ekspresi <code>yield</code> , eksekusi dari code generator tersebut akan terus dihentikan sampai generator method <code>next()</code> dipanggil. Setiap kali method generator <code>next()</code> dipanggil, generator melanjutkan eksekusi dan berjalan hingga mencapai salah satu dari kondisi berikut ini :</p> + +<ul> + <li>Sebuah<code>yield</code>, yang menyebabkan generator sekali lagi berhenti sementara dan mengembalikan nilai baru dari generator tersebut. Ketika kemudian<code>next()</code> dipanggil lagi, eksekusi berlanjut dengan statement segera setelah<code>yield</code>.</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/throw", "throw")}} digunakan untuk melontarkan exception dari generator. Ini menghentikan generator sepenuhnya, dan eksekusi berlanjut pada pemanggil seperti normalnya ketika sebuah exception dilontarkan.</li> + <li>Akhir dari fungsi generator tersebut tercapai; pada kasus ini, eksekusi dari generator tersebut berakhir dan sebuah <code>IteratorResult</code> dikembalikan pada pemanggilnya dimana <code>value</code> adalah {{jsxref("undefined")}} dan <code>done</code> adalah <code>true</code>.</li> + <li>Mencapai sebuah statement {{jsxref("Statements/return", "return")}}. Pada kasus ini, eksekusi dari generator tersebut berakhir dan sebuah <code>IteratorResult</code> dikembalikan pada pemanggil dimana <code>value</code> ditentukan oleh statement <code>return</code> dan <code>done</code> adalah <code>true</code>.</li> +</ul> + +<p>JIka sebuah nilai opsional diberikan pada generator method <code>next()</code>, nilai tersebut menjadi nilai yang dikembalikan oleh operasi <code>yield</code> dari generator pada saat itu.</p> + +<p>Di antara kode generator, operator<code>yield</code> -nya, dan kemampuan untuk menentukan sebua nilai awal baru dengan memberikannya pada {{jsxref("Generator.prototype.next()")}}, generator menawarkan power dan kontrol yang luar biasa.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<p>Kode berikut merupakan deklarasi dari sebuah contoh fungsi generator.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">function* countAppleSales () { + var saleList = [3, 7, 5]; + for (var i = 0; i < saleList.length; i++) { + yield saleList[i]; + } +}</pre> + +<p>Setelah sebuah fungsi generator didefenisikan, maka fungsi tersebut dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan sebuah iterator seperti berikut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var appleStore = countAppleSales(); // Generator { } +console.log(appleStore.next()); // { value: 3, done: false } +console.log(appleStore.next()); // { value: 7, done: false } +console.log(appleStore.next()); // { value: 5, done: false } +console.log(appleStore.next()); // { value: undefined, done: true }</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#', 'Yield')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#', 'Yield')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatabilitas_Browser">Kompatabilitas Browser</h2> + +<div class="hidden">Tabel kompatabilitas ini dihasilkan dari struktur data. Jika anda ingin berkontribusi pada data, silahkan lihat <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> dan kirimkan kami sebuah pull request.</div> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.operators.yield")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Catatan_Firefox-specific">Catatan Firefox-specific</h2> + +<ul> + <li>Semenjak Gecko 29 {{geckoRelease(29)}}, the completed generator function no longer throws a {{jsxref("TypeError")}} "generator has already finished". Instead, it returns an <code>IteratorResult</code> object like <code>{ value: undefined, done: true }</code> ({{bug(958951)}}).</li> + <li>Starting with Gecko 33 {{geckoRelease(33)}}, the parsing of the <code>yield</code> expression has been updated to conform with the ES2015 specification ({{bug(981599)}}): + <ul> + <li>The expression after the <code>yield</code> keyword is optional and omitting it no longer throws a {{jsxref("SyntaxError")}}: <code>function* countAppleSales() { yield; }</code></li> + </ul> + </li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/The_Iterator_protocol">The Iterator protocol</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function*")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function*", "function* expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/yield*", "yield*")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/class/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/class/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6ca35e9c71 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/class/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ +--- +title: class +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class +tags: + - Classes + - Declaration + - ECMAScript6 + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div> + +<p>Deklarasi <strong>class</strong> digunakan untuk membuat class baru dengan nama menggunakan turunan berbasis prototype.</p> + +<div class="noinclude"> +<p>Anda juga bisa mendefinisikan kelas menggunakan{{jsxref("Operators/class", "class expression", "", 1)}}.</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">class <em>name</em> [extends] { + // class body +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Seperti halnya dengan ekspresi class, pembentuk (body) class dari deklarasi class di jalankan pada <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode">strict mode</a>.</p> + +<p>Deklarasi class bukanlah {{Glossary("Hoisting", "hoisted")}} (Tidak seperti <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function">function declarations</a>).</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Dasar_deklarasi_class">Dasar deklarasi class</h3> + +<p>Pada contoh, hal pertama yang kita lakukan adalah mendefinisikan class dengan nama Polygon, kemudian membentangkannya ( extend ) untuk membuat class bernama Square. Perlu diperhatikan bahwa super(), digunakan pada constructor, hanya dapat digunakan di konstruktor dan harus dipanggil setelah keyword 'this' dapat digunakan.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">class Polygon { + constructor(height, width) { + this.name = 'Polygon'; + this.height = height; + this.width = width; + } +} + +class Square extends Polygon { + constructor(length) { + super(length, length); + this.name = 'Square'; + } +}</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Array subclassing</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(43.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Allowed in sloppy mode</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Android Webview</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Array subclassing</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(43.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(43.0)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Allowed in sloppy mode</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function"><code>function</code> declaration</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/class"><code>class</code> expression</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes">Classes</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/do...while/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/do...while/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..01c518ad84 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/do...while/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ +--- +title: do...while +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/do...while +tags: + - JavaScript + - Referensi +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/do...while +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div> + +<p>Pernyataan <strong><code>do...while</code></strong> digunakan untuk membuat perulangan yang mengeksekusi penyataan tertentu hingga kondisi pemeriksaan penyataan tersebut bernilai <code>false</code>. Kondisi akan diperiksa setelah pernyataan dieksekusi/dijalankan dengan hasil penyataan tersebut yang dijalankan sekurangnya sekali.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/statement-dowhile.html")}}</div> + +<p class="hidden">Kode sumber untuk contoh interaktif ini disimpan di repositori GitHub. Bila Anda ingin berkontribusi ke proyek contoh interaktif, silakan mengkloning <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> dan mengirim permintaan <code>pull</code> kepada kami.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintaks">Sintaks</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">do + penyataan +while (kondisi); +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>penyataan</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah penyataan yang dieksekusi setidaknya sekali dan akan kembali dieksekusi setiap kali kondisi pemeriksaan bernial <code>true</code>. Untuk mengeksekusi lebih dari satu penyataan di dalam perulangan, gunakan pernyataan {{jsxref("Statements/block", "block")}} (<code>{ ... }</code>) untuk mengelompokkan penyataan.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>kondisi</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah ekspresi yang periksa setelah perulangan. Bila kondisi periksa bernilai <code>true</code>, maka <code>pernyataan</code> akan kembali dieksekusi. Bila kondisi periksa bernilai <code>false</code>, maka kendali akan melewati <code>do...while</code> dan meneruskan ke pernyataan selanjutnya.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Penggunaan_do...while">Penggunaan <code>do...while</code></h3> + +<p>Pada contoh berikut, perulangan <code>do...while</code> diiterasikan setidaknya sekali dan kembali di iterasikan sampai nilai <code>i</code> tidak kurang dari 5.</p> + +<h3 id="Kode_HTML">Kode HTML</h3> + +<pre class="brush: html"><div id="example"></div></pre> + +<h3 id="Kode_JavaScript">Kode JavaScript</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var result = ''; +var i = 0; +do { + i += 1; + result += i + ' '; +} while (i < 5); +document.getElementById('example').innerHTML = result;</pre> + +<h3 id="Hasil">Hasil</h3> + +<p>{{ EmbedLiveSample('Examples') }}</p> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-12.6.1', 'do-while statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-do-while-statement', 'do-while statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Trailing ; is now optional.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-do-while-statement', 'do-while statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_Peramban">Kompatibilitas Peramban</h2> + +<div class="hidden">Tabel kompatibilitas ini dibuat dari data terstruktur. Bila Anda ingin berkontribusi data, silakan periksa <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> dan mengirim permintaan <code>pull</code> kepada kami.</div> + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.statements.do_while")}}</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/while", "while")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/for", "for")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/empty/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/empty/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..26b2bf8d20 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/empty/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ +--- +title: empty +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/Empty +tags: + - JavaScript + - Statement +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/Empty +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div> + +<p><strong>Pernyataan empty</strong> digunakan untuk menyediakan statement kosong, walaupun begitu sintaks JavaScript tetap menghitungnya sebagai sebuah Pernyataan.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintak">Sintak</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">; +</pre> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Statemen atau penyataan kosong hanya berupa semicolon (;) menunjukkan bahawa tidak ada statement untuk dijalankan, meskipun jika sintak JavaScript membutuhkan salah satunya. Sifat kebalikan, dimana anda ingin menggunakan lebih dari satu statemen, namun javascript hanya memperbolehkan sebuah statemen kosong, anda bisa menggunakan <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/block">block statement</a>; yang merupakan gabungan dari beberapa statement menjadi satu.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<p>Statement kosong terkadang digunakan pada perulangan. Lihat pada contoh dengan body berisi sebuah statement kosong:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = [1, 2, 3]; + +// Assign all array values to 0 +for (i = 0; i < arr.length; arr[i++] = 0) /* empty statement */ ; + +console.log(arr) +// [0, 0, 0] +</pre> + +<p><strong>Catatan:</strong> Ini merupakan ide yang bagus dengan menggunakan komentar pada penggunaan statement kosong, karena ini tidak benar - benar jelas seperti halnya penggunaan semicolon (;) pada umumnya. Contoh berikut bisa dikatakan merupakan penggunaan yang tidak disengaja:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (condition); // Perhatian, "if" tidak menjalankan apapun! + killTheUniverse() // Jadi ini akan selalu di jalankan!!! +</pre> + +<p>Contoh lain: Statemen <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/if...else"><code>if...else</code></a> tanpa tanda kurung keriting (<code>{}</code>). Jika <code>three</code> bernilai <code>true</code>, tidak akan terjadi apapun, <code>four</code> tidak begitu penting, dan juga fungsi <code>launchRocket()</code> pada kasus <code>else</code> tidak akan dijalankan.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (one) + doOne(); +else if (two) + doTwo(); +else if (three) + ; // nothing here +else if (four) + doFour(); +else + launchRocket();</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-empty-statement', 'Empty statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-empty-statement', 'Empty statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-12.3', 'Empty statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3', '#sec-12.3', 'Empty statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1', '#sec-12.3', 'Empty statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/block", "Block statement")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/export/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/export/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1f6d26b71d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/export/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ +--- +title: export +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/export +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/export +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div> + +<p><strong>export statement</strong> digunakan untuk meng-ekspor fungsi, objects atau primitives dari file yang di berikan (atau <em>module</em>).</p> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Catatan:</strong> Fitur ini tidak di implementasikan di browser secara bawaan untuk saat ini. ini hanya diimplementasikan di beberapa transpilers, seperti <a href="https://github.com/google/traceur-compiler">Traceur Compiler</a>, <a href="http://babeljs.io/">Babel</a> atau <a href="https://github.com/rollup/rollup">Rollup</a>.</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">export { <var>name1</var>, <var>name2</var>, …, <var>nameN</var> }; +export { <var>variable1</var> as <var>name1</var>, <var>variable2</var> as <var>name2</var>, …, <var>nameN</var> }; +export let <var>name1</var>, <var>name2</var>, …, <var>nameN</var>; // also var +export let <var>name1</var> = …, <var>name2</var> = …, …, <var>nameN</var>; // also var, const + +export default <em>expression</em>; +export default function (…) { … } // also class, function* +export default function name1(…) { … } // also class, function* +export { <var>name1</var> as default, … }; + +export * from …; +export { <var>name1</var>, <var>name2</var>, …, <var>nameN</var> } from …; +export { <var>import1</var> as <var>name1</var>, <var>import2</var> as <var>name2</var>, …, <var>nameN</var> } from …;</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>nameN</code></dt> +</dl> + +<p>Identitas yang akan diekspor ( sehingga dapat di impor via <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/import">import</a> di lain skrip).</p> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Ada dua jenis tipe yang berbeda-beda dari export, masing-masing sesuai dengan salah satu sintaks di atas:</p> + +<ul> + <li>Named exports: + <pre class="brush: js">export { myFunction }; // exports a function declared earlier +export const foo = Math.sqrt(2); // exports a constant</pre> + </li> + <li>Default exports (hanya satu per script): + <pre class="brush: js">export default function() {} // or '<em>export default class {}</em>' +// there is no semi-colon here</pre> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>Named exports berguna untuk mengekspor beberapa nilai. Selama import, satu akan menggunakan nama yang sama untuk mengacu pada nilai yang sesuai.</p> + +<p>Mengenai default export, hanya ada satu default export per modul. default export bisa menjadi fungsi, class, objek atau yang lainya. Nilai ini dianggap sebagai "Pokok" pengeluaran nilai karena akan menjadi sederhana untuk di import.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_named_exports">Menggunakan named exports</h3> + +<p>dalam modul, kita bisa menggunakan kode berikut:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// module "my-module.js" +export function cube(x) { + return x * x * x; +} +const foo = Math.PI + Math.SQRT2; +export { foo }; +</pre> + +<p>Cara ini, di dalam script lain (cf. <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/import">import</a></code>), kita bisa memiliki:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">import { cube, foo } from 'my-module'; +console.log(cube(3)); // 27 +console.log(foo); // 4.555806215962888</pre> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_default_export">Menggunakan default export</h3> + +<p>Jika kita ingin mengekspor nilai tunggal atau memiliki nilai fallback untuk modul kita, kita bisa menggunakan default export:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// module "my-module.js" +export default function cube(x) { + return x * x * x; +} +</pre> + +<p>Kemudian, di lain skrip, akan lebih mudah untuk mengimpor export default :</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">import cube from 'my-module'; +console.log(cube(3)); // 27 +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-exports', 'Exports')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-exports', 'Exports')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompatibilitas_browser">Kompatibilitas browser</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/import", "import")}}</li> + <li><a href="https://hacks.mozilla.org/2015/08/es6-in-depth-modules/">ES6 in Depth: Modules</a>, Hacks blog post by Jason Orendorff</li> + <li><a href="http://exploringjs.com/es6/ch_modules.html">Axel Rauschmayer's book: "Exploring JS: Modules"</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/for...in/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/for...in/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0162c204ee --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/for...in/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,201 @@ +--- +title: for...in +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...in +tags: + - JavaScript + - Statement +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...in +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div> + +<p><strong>Pernyataan</strong> <strong><code>for...in</code></strong> mengulang setiap <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Enumerability_and_ownership_of_properties">properti enumerable </a>dari sebuah objek, dalam urutan sembarang. Untuk setiap properti yang berbeda, pernyataan dapat dieksekusi.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintak">Sintak</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">for (<var>variable</var> in <var>object</var>) {<em>...</em> +}</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>variable</code></dt> + <dd>Sebuah nama properti yang berbeda ditugaskan untuk variabel pada setiap iterasi.</dd> + <dt><code>object</code></dt> + <dd>Objek yang propertinya enumerable yang diiterasi.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Perulangan <code>for...in</code> hanya mengiterasi pada properti enumerable. Objek yang dibuat dari built-in konstruktor seperti Array dan Object telah mewarisi properti non-enumerable dari <code>Object.prototype</code> dan <code>String.prototype</code>, seperti {{jsxref("String")}}'s {{jsxref("String.indexOf", "indexOf()")}} metode atau {{jsxref("Object")}}'s {{jsxref("Object.toString", "toString()")}} metode. Perulangan akan iterate atas semua properti enumerable dari objek itu sendiri dan mereka objek mewarisi dari prototipe konstruktor ini (properti lebih dekat ke objek di properti mata rantai prototipe menggantikan prototipe' properti).</p> + +<h3 id="Penghapusan_penambahan_atau_perubahan_pada_properti">Penghapusan, penambahan atau perubahan pada properti</h3> + +<p>Perulangan <code>for...in </code>mengiterasi properti suatu objek dalam urutan sembarang<code> </code>(lihat {{jsxref("Operators/delete", "delete")}} Operator untuk lebih lanjut tentang mengapa salah satu tidak dapat bergantung pada keteraturan tampak dari iterasi, setidaknya dalam pengaturan lintas-browser). Jika properti yang diubah dalam satu iterasi dan kemudian mengunjungi di lain waktu, nilainya dalam lingkaran adalah nilai pada waktu kemudian. Sebuah properti yang dihapus sebelum telah dikunjungi tidak akan dikunjungi nanti. Sifat ditambahkan ke objek dimana iterasi terjadi baik dapat dikunjungi atau dihilangkan dari iterasi. Secara umum yang terbaik adalah tidak untuk menambah, mengubah atau menghapus properti dari objek selama iterasi, selain properti saat ini sedang mengunjungi. Tidak ada jaminan apakah properti menambahkan akan dikunjungi, apakah properti dimodifikasi (selain yang saat ini) akan dikunjungi sebelum atau setelah dimodifikasi, atau apakah properti dihapus akan dikunjungi sebelum dihapus.</p> + +<h3 id="Iterasi_Array_dan_for...in">Iterasi Array dan <code>for...in</code></h3> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Catatan:</strong> <code>for...in</code> tidak perlu digunakan untuk mengiterasi sebuah {{jsxref("Array")}} dimana urutan indeksnya sangat penting.</p> +</div> + +<p>Index array hanyalah properti enumerable dengan nama integer dan tidak sama dengan properti Objek pada umumnya. Disini tidak akan menjamin jika <code>for...in</code> akan mengembalikan indek pada urutan tertentu. Pernyataan <code>for...in</code> akan mengembalikan semua properti enumerable, termasuk didalamnya dengan nama non–integer dan serta turunannya.</p> + +<p>Karena urutan iterasi merupakan implementation-dependent, pengiterasian pada array mungkin tidak membaca elemen pada urutan yang urut. Karena itu lebih baik menggunakan perulangan {{jsxref("Statements/for", "for")}} dengan menggunakan nomor indek (atau {{jsxref("Array.prototype.forEach()")}} atau {{jsxref("Statements/for...of", "for...of")}} loop) ketika mengiterasi array dimana urutan akses sangat penting.</p> + +<h3 id="Iterasi_hanya_pada_properti_sendiri">Iterasi hanya pada properti sendiri</h3> + +<p>Jika anda hanya ingin mempertimbangkan properti yang melekat pada objek itu sendri, dan bukan prototypes-nya, gunakan {{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyNames", "getOwnPropertyNames()")}} atau lakukan {{jsxref("Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty", "hasOwnProperty()")}} cek ({{jsxref("Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable", "propertyIsEnumerable")}} juga dapat digunakan). Alternatifnya, jika anda tahu disana tidak ada campur tangan kode luar , anda dapat memperpanjang built-in prototypes dengan metode cek.</p> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<p>Pada fungsi berikut menggunakan sebuah objek argumen. kemudian mengiterasi pada semua properti enumerable pada objek tersebut dan mengembalikan string dari nama properti dan nilainya.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var obj = {a:1, b:2, c:3}; + +for (var prop in obj) { + console.log("obj." + prop + " = " + obj[prop]); +} + +// Output: +// "obj.a = 1" +// "obj.b = 2" +// "obj.c = 3"</pre> + +<p>Fungsi berikut mengiterasi menggunakan {{jsxref("Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty", "hasOwnProperty()")}}: properti turunannya tidak akan di tampilkan.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var triangle = {a:1, b:2, c:3}; + +function ColoredTriangle() { + this.color = "red"; +} + +ColoredTriangle.prototype = triangle; + +var obj = new ColoredTriangle(); + +for (var prop in obj) { + if( obj.hasOwnProperty( prop ) ) { + console.log("obj." + prop + " = " + obj[prop]); + } +} + +// Output: +// "obj.color = red" +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Spesifikasi</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Komentar</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-for-in-and-for-of-statements', 'for...in statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-for-in-and-for-of-statements', 'for...in statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-12.6.4', 'for...in statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3', '#sec-12.6.4', 'for...in statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1', '#sec-12.6.3', 'for...in statement')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Browser">Kompabilitas Browser</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>10</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Fitur</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Dukungan dasar</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Ekspresi_Initializer">Kompabilitas: Ekspresi Initializer</h2> + +<p>Pada SpiderMonkey 40 {{geckoRelease(40)}} atau sebelumnya, bisa menggunakan ekspersi initializer (<code>i=0</code>) pada perulangan <code>for...in</code> :</p> + +<pre class="brush: js example-bad">var obj = {a:1, b:2, c:3}; +for(var i=0 in obj) { + console.log(obj[i]); +} +// 1 +// 2 +// 3 +</pre> + +<p>Perilaku non-standard ini sekarang diabaikan pada versi 40 dan selanjutnya akan disajikan dengan {{jsxref("SyntaxError")}} ("for-in loop head declarations may not have initializers") Peringatan pada konsole ({{bug(748550)}} dan {{bug(1164741)}}).</p> + +<p>Pada mesin lain seperti v8 (Chrome), Chakra (IE/Edge), dan JSC (WebKit/Safari) juga telah menyelidiki untuk menghapus perilaku non standar tersebut.</p> + +<h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/for...of", "for...of")}} - pernyataan serupa yang mengiterasi pada nilai (<em>values) </em>properti.</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/for_each...in", "for each in")}} - pernyataan serupa, namun mengiterasi pada nilai dari properti objek, daripada nama properti sendiri (Usang)</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/for", "for")}}</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Iterators_and_Generators">Generator expressions</a> (penggunaan sintak <code>for...in</code> )</li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Enumerability_and_ownership_of_properties">Enumerability and ownership of properties</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyNames()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.forEach()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/fungsi/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/fungsi/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8ac13d31af --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/fungsi/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ +--- +title: Deklarasi Fungsi +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/fungsi +tags: + - JavaScript + - Pernyataan + - Statement +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div> + +<p><strong>Deklarasi fungsi </strong>mendefinisikan sebuah fungsi dengan parameter-parameter yang ditentukan.</p> + +<p>Fungsi juga dapat didefinisikan menggukanan konstruktor {{jsxref("Function")}} dan {{jsxref("Operators/function", "function expression")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Sintak">Sintak</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">function <em>name</em>([<em>param</em>,[, <em>param</em>,[..., <em>param</em>]]]) { + [<em>statements</em>] +} +</pre> + +<dl> + <dt><code>name</code></dt> + <dd>Nama dari fungsi.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>param</code></dt> + <dd>Nama dari argumen yang akan dilewatkan kepada fungsi. Jumlah maksimal dari argumen berbeda-beda di setiap mesin.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt><code>statements</code></dt> + <dd>Statemen-statemen yang membentuk tubuh dari sebuah fungsi.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</h2> + +<p>Sebuah fungsi yang diciptakan dengan deklarasi fungsi adalah sebuah objek <code>Function </code>dan memiliki semua properti, method-method dan tingkah laku dari objek <code>Function. Lihat </code>{{jsxref("Function")}} untuk informasi mendetail tentang fungsi-fungsi.</p> + +<p>Sebuah fungsi juga dapat diciptakan menggunakan sebuah ekspresi (lihat {{jsxref("Operators/function", "function expression")}}).</p> + +<p>Secara default, fungsi mengembalikan nilai <code>undefined</code>. Untuk mengembalikan nilai lain, fungsi tersebut harus memiliki sebuah {{jsxref("Statements/return", "return")}} statement yang menentukan nilai untuk dikembalikan.</p> + +<h3 id="Fungsi_yang_dibuat_secara_kondisional">Fungsi yang dibuat secara kondisional</h3> + +<p>Fungsi dapat dideklarasikan secara kondisional, yaitu sebuah statement fungsi dapat disarangkan di dalam sebuah statement <code>if</code>. Kebanyakan aplikasi perambah selain Mozilla akan memperlakukan deklarasi kondisional seperti itu sebagai sebuah deklarasi non kondisional dan menciptakan fungsi tersebut meskipun kondisi bernilai benar atau salah, lihat <a href="http://kangax.github.io/nfe/#function-statements">artikel berikut</a> untuk ikhtisar. Untuk alasan tersebut, deklarasi kondisional seharusnya tidak digunakan -- untuk pembuatakan kondisional gunakan ekspresi fungsi sebagai gantinya.</p> + +<h3 id="Pengangkatan_deklarasi_fungsi">Pengangkatan deklarasi fungsi</h3> + +<p>Deklarasi fungsi di javaScript mengangkat definisi fungsi. Kamu dapat menggunakan fungsi sebelum kamu mendeklarasikan fungsi tersebut.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">hoisted(); // logs "foo" + +function hoisted() { + console.log('foo'); +} +</pre> + +<p>Dicatat bahwa {{jsxref("Operators/function", "function expressions")}} tidak terangkat:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">notHoisted(); // TypeError: notHoisted is not a function + +var notHoisted = function() { + console.log('bar'); +}; +</pre> + +<h2 id="Contoh">Contoh</h2> + +<h3 id="Menggunakan_fungsi">Menggunakan fungsi</h3> + +<p>Kode berikut mendeklarasikan sebuah fungsi yang mengembalikan jumlah total penjualan ketika diberikan angka dari unit-unit yang terjual dari produk <code>a, b, </code>dan <code>c</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function calc_sales(units_a, units_b, units_c) { + return units_a * 79 + units_b * 129 + units_c * 699; +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Spesifikasi">Spesifikasi</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-function-definitions', 'Function definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-function-definitions', 'Function definitions')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-13', 'Function definition')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3', '#sec-13', 'Function definition')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1', '#sec-13', 'Function definition')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Kompabilitas_Perambah">Kompabilitas Perambah</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Edge</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Allowed in sloppy mode</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Trailing comma in parameters</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("52.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Android Webview</th> + <th>Edge</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Allowed in sloppy mode</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td> + <p>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</p> + </td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> </td> + <td> + <p>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Trailing comma in parameters</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("52.0")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions_and_function_scope", "Functions and function scope")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function", "function expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function* statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function*", "function* expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions/Arrow_functions", "Arrow functions")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/async_function", "async function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/async_function", "async function expression")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/index.html b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..08840f4e1a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/id/web/javascript/reference/statements/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ +--- +title: Statements +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements +tags: + - JavaScript + - Referensi + - Statement +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div> + +<p>Aplikasi JavaScript terdiri dari statemen dengan sebuah sintaks tertentu. Sebuah statement dapat terdiri lebih dari satu baris. Setiap statement dapat berupa sebaris kode jika di pisahkan dengan semikolon ( ; ). Bukan merupakan keyword, tapi sekumpulan keyword.</p> + +<h2 id="Statemen_dan_deklarasi_berdasarkan_kategori">Statemen dan deklarasi berdasarkan kategori</h2> + +<p>Untuk daftar berdasarkan alfabet lihat pada sidebar sebelah kiri.</p> + +<h3 id="Control_flow">Control flow</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/block", "Block")}}</dt> + <dd>Sebuah block statemen digunakan untuk mengelompokkan zero ( 0 ) atau lebih statement. Block ini dibatasi menggunakan kurung kurawal.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/break", "break")}}</dt> + <dd>Membatasi loop, switch, atau label statement dan transfer kontrol program pada statement berdasakan statemen akhir.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/continue", "continue")}}</dt> + <dd>Terminates execution of the statements in the current iteration of the current or labeled loop, and continues execution of the loop with the next iteration.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/Empty", "Empty")}}</dt> + <dd>An empty statement is used to provide no statement, although the JavaScript syntax would expect one.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/if...else", "if...else")}}</dt> + <dd>Executes a statement if a specified condition is true. If the condition is false, another statement can be executed.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/switch", "switch")}}</dt> + <dd>Evaluates an expression, matching the expression's value to a case clause, and executes statements associated with that case.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/throw", "throw")}}</dt> + <dd>Throws a user-defined exception.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/try...catch", "try...catch")}}</dt> + <dd>Marks a block of statements to try, and specifies a response, should an exception be thrown.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Deklarasi">Deklarasi</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/var", "var")}}</dt> + <dd>Mendeklarasikan variabel, biasanya menginisialisasi ke sebuah nilai.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/let", "let")}}</dt> + <dd>Declares a block scope local variable, optionally initializing it to a value.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/const", "const")}}</dt> + <dd>Declares a read-only named constant.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Fungsi_dan_class">Fungsi dan class</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/function", "function")}}</dt> + <dd>Declares a function with the specified parameters.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function*")}}</dt> + <dd>Generators functions enable writing <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/The_Iterator_protocol">iterators</a> more easily.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/return", "return")}}</dt> + <dd>Specifies the value to be returned by a function.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/class", "class")}}</dt> + <dd>Declares a class.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Iterations">Iterations</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/do...while", "do...while")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a loop that executes a specified statement until the test condition evaluates to false. The condition is evaluated after executing the statement, resulting in the specified statement executing at least once.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/for", "for")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a loop that consists of three optional expressions, enclosed in parentheses and separated by semicolons, followed by a statement executed in the loop.</dd> + <dt>{{deprecated_inline}} {{non-standard_inline()}} {{jsxref("Statements/for_each...in", "for each...in")}}</dt> + <dd>Iterates a specified variable over all values of object's properties. For each distinct property, a specified statement is executed.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/for...in", "for...in")}}</dt> + <dd>Iterates over the enumerable properties of an object, in arbitrary order. For each distinct property, statements can be executed.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/for...of", "for...of")}}</dt> + <dd>Iterates over iterable objects (including {{jsxref("Global_Objects/Array","arrays","","true")}}, array-like objects, <a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Guide/Iterators_and_Generators">iterators and generators</a>), invoking a custom iteration hook with statements to be executed for the value of each distinct property.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/while", "while")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a loop that executes a specified statement as long as the test condition evaluates to true. The condition is evaluated before executing the statement.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Others">Others</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/debugger", "debugger")}}</dt> + <dd>Invokes any available debugging functionality. If no debugging functionality is available, this statement has no effect.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/export", "export")}}</dt> + <dd>Used to export functions to make them available for imports in external modules, another scripts.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/import", "import")}}</dt> + <dd>Used to import functions exported from an external module, another script.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Statements/label", "label")}}</dt> + <dd>Provides a statement with an identifier that you can refer to using a <code>break</code> or <code>continue</code> statement.</dd> +</dl> + +<dl> + <dt>{{deprecated_inline}} {{jsxref("Statements/with", "with")}}</dt> + <dd>Extends the scope chain for a statement.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1', '#sec-12', 'Statements')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3', '#sec-12', 'Statements')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-12', 'Statements')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations', 'ECMAScript Language: Statements and Declarations')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>New: function*, let, for...of, yield, class</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations', 'ECMAScript Language: Statements and Declarations')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators">Operators</a></li> +</ul> |