From ec7b078d373583ad28b5f4c4f1bab07438a0494c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: allo Date: Sat, 12 Mar 2022 08:39:37 +0800 Subject: mv to .md for Array.prototype.reduce() --- .../global_objects/array/reduce/index.html | 673 --------------------- .../reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.md | 673 +++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 673 insertions(+), 673 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.html create mode 100644 files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.md diff --git a/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.html b/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.html deleted file mode 100644 index 348d717a0f..0000000000 --- a/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,673 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Array.prototype.reduce() -slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/Reduce -tags: - - Array - - ECMAScript 5 - - JavaScript - - Method - - Prototype - - Reduce - - Reference -translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/Reduce ---- -

{{JSRef}}

- -

reduce() 方法对数组中的每个元素执行一个由您提供的reducer函数(升序执行),将其结果汇总为单个返回值。

- -
{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/array-reduce.html")}}
- -
-

reducer 函数接收4个参数:

- -
    -
  1. Accumulator (acc) (累计器)
  2. -
  3. Current Value (cur) (当前值)
  4. -
  5. Current Index (idx) (当前索引)
  6. -
  7. Source Array (src) (源数组)
  8. -
- -

您的 reducer 函数的返回值分配给累计器,该返回值在数组的每个迭代中被记住,并最后成为最终的单个结果值。

-
- -

语法

- -
arr.reduce(callback(accumulator, currentValue[, index[, array]])[, initialValue])
- -

参数

- -
-
callback
-
执行数组中每个值 (如果没有提供 initialValue则第一个值除外)的函数,包含四个参数: -
-
accumulator
-
-

累计器累计回调的返回值; 它是上一次调用回调时返回的累积值,或initialValue(见于下方)。

-
-
currentValue
-
数组中正在处理的元素。
-
index {{optional_inline}}
-
数组中正在处理的当前元素的索引。 如果提供了initialValue,则起始索引号为0,否则从索引1起始。
-
array{{optional_inline}}
-
调用reduce()的数组
-
-
-
initialValue{{optional_inline}}
-
作为第一次调用 callback函数时的第一个参数的值。 如果没有提供初始值,则将使用数组中的第一个元素。 在没有初始值的空数组上调用 reduce 将报错。
-
- -

返回值

- -

函数累计处理的结果

- -

描述

- -

reduce为数组中的每一个元素依次执行callback函数,不包括数组中被删除或从未被赋值的元素,接受四个参数:

- - - -

回调函数第一次执行时,accumulatorcurrentValue的取值有两种情况:如果调用reduce()时提供了initialValueaccumulator取值为initialValuecurrentValue取数组中的第一个值;如果没有提供 initialValue,那么accumulator取数组中的第一个值,currentValue取数组中的第二个值。

- -
-

备注:如果没有提供initialValue,reduce 会从索引1的地方开始执行 callback 方法,跳过第一个索引。如果提供initialValue,从索引0开始。

-
- -

如果数组为空且没有提供initialValue,会抛出{{jsxref("TypeError")}} 。如果数组仅有一个元素(无论位置如何)并且没有提供initialValue, 或者有提供initialValue但是数组为空,那么此唯一值将被返回并且callback不会被执行。

- -

提供初始值通常更安全,正如下面的例子,如果没有提供initialValue,则可能有四种输出:

- -
var maxCallback = ( acc, cur ) => Math.max( acc.x, cur.x );
-var maxCallback2 = ( max, cur ) => Math.max( max, cur );
-
-// reduce() 没有初始值
-[ { x: 2 }, { x: 22 }, { x: 42 } ].reduce( maxCallback ); // NaN
-[ { x: 2 }, { x: 22 }            ].reduce( maxCallback ); // 22
-[ { x: 2 }                       ].reduce( maxCallback ); // { x: 2 }
-[                                ].reduce( maxCallback ); // TypeError
-
-// map/reduce; 这是更好的方案,即使传入空数组或更大数组也可正常执行
-[ { x: 22 }, { x: 42 } ].map( el => el.x )
-                        .reduce( maxCallback2, -Infinity );
-
- -

reduce() 如何运行

- -

假如运行下段reduce()代码:

- -
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce(function(accumulator, currentValue, currentIndex, array){
-  return accumulator + currentValue;
-});
-
- -

callback 被调用四次,每次调用的参数和返回值如下表:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
callbackaccumulatorcurrentValuecurrentIndexarrayreturn value
first call011[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]1
second call122[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]3
third call333[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]6
fourth call644[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]10
- -

reduce返回的值将是最后一次回调返回值(10)。

- -

你还可以使用{{jsxref("Functions/Arrow_functions", "箭头函数","",1)}}来代替完整的函数。 下面的代码将产生与上面的代码相同的输出:

- -
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce((prev, curr) => prev + curr );
- -

如果你打算提供一个初始值作为reduce()方法的第二个参数,以下是运行过程及结果:

- -
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce((accumulator, currentValue, currentIndex, array) => {
-    return accumulator + currentValue
-}, 10)
-
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
callbackaccumulatorcurrentValuecurrentIndexarrayreturn value
first call1000[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]10
second call1011[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]11
third call1122[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]13
fourth call1333[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]16
fifth call1644[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]20
- -

这种情况下reduce()返回的值是20

- -

例子

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

数组里所有值的和

- -
var sum = [0, 1, 2, 3].reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
-  return accumulator + currentValue;
-}, 0);
-// 和为 6
- -

你也可以写成箭头函数的形式:

- -
var total = [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ].reduce(
-  ( acc, cur ) => acc + cur,
-  0
-);
- -

累加对象数组里的值

- -

要累加对象数组中包含的值,必须提供初始值,以便各个item正确通过你的函数。

- -
var initialValue = 0;
-var sum = [{x: 1}, {x:2}, {x:3}].reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
-    return accumulator + currentValue.x;
-},initialValue)
-
-console.log(sum) // logs 6
- -

你也可以写成箭头函数的形式:

- -
var initialValue = 0;
-var sum = [{x: 1}, {x:2}, {x:3}].reduce(
-    (accumulator, currentValue) => accumulator + currentValue.x
-    ,initialValue
-);
-
-console.log(sum) // logs 6
-
- -

将二维数组转化为一维

- -
var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce(
-  function(a, b) {
-    return a.concat(b);
-  },
-  []
-);
-// flattened is [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
-
- -

你也可以写成箭头函数的形式:

- -
var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce(
- ( acc, cur ) => acc.concat(cur),
- []
-);
-
-
- -

计算数组中每个元素出现的次数

- -
var names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Tiff', 'Bruce', 'Alice'];
-
-var countedNames = names.reduce(function (allNames, name) {
-  if (name in allNames) {
-    allNames[name]++;
-  }
-  else {
-    allNames[name] = 1;
-  }
-  return allNames;
-}, {});
-// countedNames is:
-// { 'Alice': 2, 'Bob': 1, 'Tiff': 1, 'Bruce': 1 }
- -

按属性对object分类

- -
var people = [
-  { name: 'Alice', age: 21 },
-  { name: 'Max', age: 20 },
-  { name: 'Jane', age: 20 }
-];
-
-function groupBy(objectArray, property) {
-  return objectArray.reduce(function (acc, obj) {
-    var key = obj[property];
-    if (!acc[key]) {
-      acc[key] = [];
-    }
-    acc[key].push(obj);
-    return acc;
-  }, {});
-}
-
-var groupedPeople = groupBy(people, 'age');
-// groupedPeople is:
-// {
-//   20: [
-//     { name: 'Max', age: 20 },
-//     { name: 'Jane', age: 20 }
-//   ],
-//   21: [{ name: 'Alice', age: 21 }]
-// }
-
- -

使用扩展运算符和initialValue绑定包含在对象数组中的数组

- -
// friends - 对象数组
-// where object field "books" - list of favorite books
-var friends = [{
-  name: 'Anna',
-  books: ['Bible', 'Harry Potter'],
-  age: 21
-}, {
-  name: 'Bob',
-  books: ['War and peace', 'Romeo and Juliet'],
-  age: 26
-}, {
-  name: 'Alice',
-  books: ['The Lord of the Rings', 'The Shining'],
-  age: 18
-}];
-
-// allbooks - list which will contain all friends' books +
-// additional list contained in initialValue
-var allbooks = friends.reduce(function(prev, curr) {
-  return [...prev, ...curr.books];
-}, ['Alphabet']);
-
-// allbooks = [
-//   'Alphabet', 'Bible', 'Harry Potter', 'War and peace',
-//   'Romeo and Juliet', 'The Lord of the Rings',
-//   'The Shining'
-// ]
-
- -

数组去重

- -
-

备注: 如果你正在使用一个可以兼容{{jsxref("Set")}} 和 {{jsxref("Array.from()")}} 的环境, 你可以使用let orderedArray = Array.from(new Set(myArray)); 来获得一个相同元素被移除的数组。

-
- -
let myArray = ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'e', 'e', 'c', 'd', 'd', 'd', 'd']
-let myOrderedArray = myArray.reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
-  if (accumulator.indexOf(currentValue) === -1) {
-    accumulator.push(currentValue)
-  }
-  return accumulator
-}, [])
-
-console.log(myOrderedArray)
- -
let arr = [1,2,1,2,3,5,4,5,3,4,4,4,4];
-let result = arr.sort().reduce((init, current) => {
-    if(init.length === 0 || init[init.length-1] !== current) {
-        init.push(current);
-    }
-    return init;
-}, []);
-console.log(result); //[1,2,3,4,5]
- -

按顺序运行Promise

- -
/**
- * Runs promises from array of functions that can return promises
- * in chained manner
- *
- * @param {array} arr - promise arr
- * @return {Object} promise object
- */
-function runPromiseInSequence(arr, input) {
-  return arr.reduce(
-    (promiseChain, currentFunction) => promiseChain.then(currentFunction),
-    Promise.resolve(input)
-  );
-}
-
-// promise function 1
-function p1(a) {
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    resolve(a * 5);
-  });
-}
-
-// promise function 2
-function p2(a) {
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    resolve(a * 2);
-  });
-}
-
-// function 3  - will be wrapped in a resolved promise by .then()
-function f3(a) {
- return a * 3;
-}
-
-// promise function 4
-function p4(a) {
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    resolve(a * 4);
-  });
-}
-
-const promiseArr = [p1, p2, f3, p4];
-runPromiseInSequence(promiseArr, 10)
-  .then(console.log);   // 1200
-
- -

功能型函数管道

- -
// Building-blocks to use for composition
-const double = x => x + x;
-const triple = x => 3 * x;
-const quadruple = x => 4 * x;
-
-// Function composition enabling pipe functionality
-const pipe = (...functions) => input => functions.reduce(
-    (acc, fn) => fn(acc),
-    input
-);
-
-// Composed functions for multiplication of specific values
-const multiply6 = pipe(double, triple);
-const multiply9 = pipe(triple, triple);
-const multiply16 = pipe(quadruple, quadruple);
-const multiply24 = pipe(double, triple, quadruple);
-
-// Usage
-multiply6(6); // 36
-multiply9(9); // 81
-multiply16(16); // 256
-multiply24(10); // 240
-
- -

使用 reduce实现map

- -
if (!Array.prototype.mapUsingReduce) {
-  Array.prototype.mapUsingReduce = function(callback, thisArg) {
-    return this.reduce(function(mappedArray, currentValue, index, array) {
-      mappedArray[index] = callback.call(thisArg, currentValue, index, array)
-      return mappedArray
-    }, [])
-  }
-}
-
-[1, 2, , 3].mapUsingReduce(
-  (currentValue, index, array) => currentValue + index + array.length
-) // [5, 7, , 10]
-
- -

Polyfill

- -
// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 5, 15.4.4.21
-// Reference: http://es5.github.io/#x15.4.4.21
-// https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
-if (!Array.prototype.reduce) {
-  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'reduce', {
-    value: function(callback /*, initialValue*/) {
-      if (this === null) {
-        throw new TypeError( 'Array.prototype.reduce ' +
-          'called on null or undefined' );
-      }
-      if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
-        throw new TypeError( callback +
-          ' is not a function');
-      }
-
-      // 1. Let O be ? ToObject(this value).
-      var o = Object(this);
-
-      // 2. Let len be ? ToLength(? Get(O, "length")).
-      var len = o.length >>> 0;
-
-      // Steps 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
-      var k = 0;
-      var value;
-
-      if (arguments.length >= 2) {
-        value = arguments[1];
-      } else {
-        while (k < len && !(k in o)) {
-          k++;
-        }
-
-        // 3. If len is 0 and initialValue is not present,
-        //    throw a TypeError exception.
-        if (k >= len) {
-          throw new TypeError( 'Reduce of empty array ' +
-            'with no initial value' );
-        }
-        value = o[k++];
-      }
-
-      // 8. Repeat, while k < len
-      while (k < len) {
-        // a. Let Pk be ! ToString(k).
-        // b. Let kPresent be ? HasProperty(O, Pk).
-        // c. If kPresent is true, then
-        //    i.  Let kValue be ? Get(O, Pk).
-        //    ii. Let accumulator be ? Call(
-        //          callbackfn, undefined,
-        //          « accumulator, kValue, k, O »).
-        if (k in o) {
-          value = callback(value, o[k], k, o);
-        }
-
-        // d. Increase k by 1.
-        k++;
-      }
-
-      // 9. Return accumulator.
-      return value;
-    }
-  });
-}
-
- -

如果您需要兼容不支持Object.defineProperty的JavaScript引擎,那么最好不要 polyfill Array.prototype方法,因为你无法使其成为不可枚举的。

- -

规范

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.21', 'Array.prototype.reduce')}}{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}初始定语. 实施于 JavaScript 1.8.
{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.reduce', 'Array.prototype.reduce')}}{{Spec2('ES6')}}
{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.reduce', 'Array.prototype.reduce')}}{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}
- -

浏览器兼容性

- -
- - -

{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.reduce")}}

-
- -

相关链接

- - diff --git a/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.md b/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..348d717a0f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,673 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.reduce() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/Reduce +tags: + - Array + - ECMAScript 5 + - JavaScript + - Method + - Prototype + - Reduce + - Reference +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/Reduce +--- +

{{JSRef}}

+ +

reduce() 方法对数组中的每个元素执行一个由您提供的reducer函数(升序执行),将其结果汇总为单个返回值。

+ +
{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/array-reduce.html")}}
+ +
+

reducer 函数接收4个参数:

+ +
    +
  1. Accumulator (acc) (累计器)
  2. +
  3. Current Value (cur) (当前值)
  4. +
  5. Current Index (idx) (当前索引)
  6. +
  7. Source Array (src) (源数组)
  8. +
+ +

您的 reducer 函数的返回值分配给累计器,该返回值在数组的每个迭代中被记住,并最后成为最终的单个结果值。

+
+ +

语法

+ +
arr.reduce(callback(accumulator, currentValue[, index[, array]])[, initialValue])
+ +

参数

+ +
+
callback
+
执行数组中每个值 (如果没有提供 initialValue则第一个值除外)的函数,包含四个参数: +
+
accumulator
+
+

累计器累计回调的返回值; 它是上一次调用回调时返回的累积值,或initialValue(见于下方)。

+
+
currentValue
+
数组中正在处理的元素。
+
index {{optional_inline}}
+
数组中正在处理的当前元素的索引。 如果提供了initialValue,则起始索引号为0,否则从索引1起始。
+
array{{optional_inline}}
+
调用reduce()的数组
+
+
+
initialValue{{optional_inline}}
+
作为第一次调用 callback函数时的第一个参数的值。 如果没有提供初始值,则将使用数组中的第一个元素。 在没有初始值的空数组上调用 reduce 将报错。
+
+ +

返回值

+ +

函数累计处理的结果

+ +

描述

+ +

reduce为数组中的每一个元素依次执行callback函数,不包括数组中被删除或从未被赋值的元素,接受四个参数:

+ + + +

回调函数第一次执行时,accumulatorcurrentValue的取值有两种情况:如果调用reduce()时提供了initialValueaccumulator取值为initialValuecurrentValue取数组中的第一个值;如果没有提供 initialValue,那么accumulator取数组中的第一个值,currentValue取数组中的第二个值。

+ +
+

备注:如果没有提供initialValue,reduce 会从索引1的地方开始执行 callback 方法,跳过第一个索引。如果提供initialValue,从索引0开始。

+
+ +

如果数组为空且没有提供initialValue,会抛出{{jsxref("TypeError")}} 。如果数组仅有一个元素(无论位置如何)并且没有提供initialValue, 或者有提供initialValue但是数组为空,那么此唯一值将被返回并且callback不会被执行。

+ +

提供初始值通常更安全,正如下面的例子,如果没有提供initialValue,则可能有四种输出:

+ +
var maxCallback = ( acc, cur ) => Math.max( acc.x, cur.x );
+var maxCallback2 = ( max, cur ) => Math.max( max, cur );
+
+// reduce() 没有初始值
+[ { x: 2 }, { x: 22 }, { x: 42 } ].reduce( maxCallback ); // NaN
+[ { x: 2 }, { x: 22 }            ].reduce( maxCallback ); // 22
+[ { x: 2 }                       ].reduce( maxCallback ); // { x: 2 }
+[                                ].reduce( maxCallback ); // TypeError
+
+// map/reduce; 这是更好的方案,即使传入空数组或更大数组也可正常执行
+[ { x: 22 }, { x: 42 } ].map( el => el.x )
+                        .reduce( maxCallback2, -Infinity );
+
+ +

reduce() 如何运行

+ +

假如运行下段reduce()代码:

+ +
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce(function(accumulator, currentValue, currentIndex, array){
+  return accumulator + currentValue;
+});
+
+ +

callback 被调用四次,每次调用的参数和返回值如下表:

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
callbackaccumulatorcurrentValuecurrentIndexarrayreturn value
first call011[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]1
second call122[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]3
third call333[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]6
fourth call644[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]10
+ +

reduce返回的值将是最后一次回调返回值(10)。

+ +

你还可以使用{{jsxref("Functions/Arrow_functions", "箭头函数","",1)}}来代替完整的函数。 下面的代码将产生与上面的代码相同的输出:

+ +
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce((prev, curr) => prev + curr );
+ +

如果你打算提供一个初始值作为reduce()方法的第二个参数,以下是运行过程及结果:

+ +
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce((accumulator, currentValue, currentIndex, array) => {
+    return accumulator + currentValue
+}, 10)
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
callbackaccumulatorcurrentValuecurrentIndexarrayreturn value
first call1000[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]10
second call1011[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]11
third call1122[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]13
fourth call1333[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]16
fifth call1644[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]20
+ +

这种情况下reduce()返回的值是20

+ +

例子

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

数组里所有值的和

+ +
var sum = [0, 1, 2, 3].reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
+  return accumulator + currentValue;
+}, 0);
+// 和为 6
+ +

你也可以写成箭头函数的形式:

+ +
var total = [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ].reduce(
+  ( acc, cur ) => acc + cur,
+  0
+);
+ +

累加对象数组里的值

+ +

要累加对象数组中包含的值,必须提供初始值,以便各个item正确通过你的函数。

+ +
var initialValue = 0;
+var sum = [{x: 1}, {x:2}, {x:3}].reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
+    return accumulator + currentValue.x;
+},initialValue)
+
+console.log(sum) // logs 6
+ +

你也可以写成箭头函数的形式:

+ +
var initialValue = 0;
+var sum = [{x: 1}, {x:2}, {x:3}].reduce(
+    (accumulator, currentValue) => accumulator + currentValue.x
+    ,initialValue
+);
+
+console.log(sum) // logs 6
+
+ +

将二维数组转化为一维

+ +
var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce(
+  function(a, b) {
+    return a.concat(b);
+  },
+  []
+);
+// flattened is [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+ +

你也可以写成箭头函数的形式:

+ +
var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce(
+ ( acc, cur ) => acc.concat(cur),
+ []
+);
+
+
+ +

计算数组中每个元素出现的次数

+ +
var names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Tiff', 'Bruce', 'Alice'];
+
+var countedNames = names.reduce(function (allNames, name) {
+  if (name in allNames) {
+    allNames[name]++;
+  }
+  else {
+    allNames[name] = 1;
+  }
+  return allNames;
+}, {});
+// countedNames is:
+// { 'Alice': 2, 'Bob': 1, 'Tiff': 1, 'Bruce': 1 }
+ +

按属性对object分类

+ +
var people = [
+  { name: 'Alice', age: 21 },
+  { name: 'Max', age: 20 },
+  { name: 'Jane', age: 20 }
+];
+
+function groupBy(objectArray, property) {
+  return objectArray.reduce(function (acc, obj) {
+    var key = obj[property];
+    if (!acc[key]) {
+      acc[key] = [];
+    }
+    acc[key].push(obj);
+    return acc;
+  }, {});
+}
+
+var groupedPeople = groupBy(people, 'age');
+// groupedPeople is:
+// {
+//   20: [
+//     { name: 'Max', age: 20 },
+//     { name: 'Jane', age: 20 }
+//   ],
+//   21: [{ name: 'Alice', age: 21 }]
+// }
+
+ +

使用扩展运算符和initialValue绑定包含在对象数组中的数组

+ +
// friends - 对象数组
+// where object field "books" - list of favorite books
+var friends = [{
+  name: 'Anna',
+  books: ['Bible', 'Harry Potter'],
+  age: 21
+}, {
+  name: 'Bob',
+  books: ['War and peace', 'Romeo and Juliet'],
+  age: 26
+}, {
+  name: 'Alice',
+  books: ['The Lord of the Rings', 'The Shining'],
+  age: 18
+}];
+
+// allbooks - list which will contain all friends' books +
+// additional list contained in initialValue
+var allbooks = friends.reduce(function(prev, curr) {
+  return [...prev, ...curr.books];
+}, ['Alphabet']);
+
+// allbooks = [
+//   'Alphabet', 'Bible', 'Harry Potter', 'War and peace',
+//   'Romeo and Juliet', 'The Lord of the Rings',
+//   'The Shining'
+// ]
+
+ +

数组去重

+ +
+

备注: 如果你正在使用一个可以兼容{{jsxref("Set")}} 和 {{jsxref("Array.from()")}} 的环境, 你可以使用let orderedArray = Array.from(new Set(myArray)); 来获得一个相同元素被移除的数组。

+
+ +
let myArray = ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'e', 'e', 'c', 'd', 'd', 'd', 'd']
+let myOrderedArray = myArray.reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
+  if (accumulator.indexOf(currentValue) === -1) {
+    accumulator.push(currentValue)
+  }
+  return accumulator
+}, [])
+
+console.log(myOrderedArray)
+ +
let arr = [1,2,1,2,3,5,4,5,3,4,4,4,4];
+let result = arr.sort().reduce((init, current) => {
+    if(init.length === 0 || init[init.length-1] !== current) {
+        init.push(current);
+    }
+    return init;
+}, []);
+console.log(result); //[1,2,3,4,5]
+ +

按顺序运行Promise

+ +
/**
+ * Runs promises from array of functions that can return promises
+ * in chained manner
+ *
+ * @param {array} arr - promise arr
+ * @return {Object} promise object
+ */
+function runPromiseInSequence(arr, input) {
+  return arr.reduce(
+    (promiseChain, currentFunction) => promiseChain.then(currentFunction),
+    Promise.resolve(input)
+  );
+}
+
+// promise function 1
+function p1(a) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    resolve(a * 5);
+  });
+}
+
+// promise function 2
+function p2(a) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    resolve(a * 2);
+  });
+}
+
+// function 3  - will be wrapped in a resolved promise by .then()
+function f3(a) {
+ return a * 3;
+}
+
+// promise function 4
+function p4(a) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    resolve(a * 4);
+  });
+}
+
+const promiseArr = [p1, p2, f3, p4];
+runPromiseInSequence(promiseArr, 10)
+  .then(console.log);   // 1200
+
+ +

功能型函数管道

+ +
// Building-blocks to use for composition
+const double = x => x + x;
+const triple = x => 3 * x;
+const quadruple = x => 4 * x;
+
+// Function composition enabling pipe functionality
+const pipe = (...functions) => input => functions.reduce(
+    (acc, fn) => fn(acc),
+    input
+);
+
+// Composed functions for multiplication of specific values
+const multiply6 = pipe(double, triple);
+const multiply9 = pipe(triple, triple);
+const multiply16 = pipe(quadruple, quadruple);
+const multiply24 = pipe(double, triple, quadruple);
+
+// Usage
+multiply6(6); // 36
+multiply9(9); // 81
+multiply16(16); // 256
+multiply24(10); // 240
+
+ +

使用 reduce实现map

+ +
if (!Array.prototype.mapUsingReduce) {
+  Array.prototype.mapUsingReduce = function(callback, thisArg) {
+    return this.reduce(function(mappedArray, currentValue, index, array) {
+      mappedArray[index] = callback.call(thisArg, currentValue, index, array)
+      return mappedArray
+    }, [])
+  }
+}
+
+[1, 2, , 3].mapUsingReduce(
+  (currentValue, index, array) => currentValue + index + array.length
+) // [5, 7, , 10]
+
+ +

Polyfill

+ +
// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 5, 15.4.4.21
+// Reference: http://es5.github.io/#x15.4.4.21
+// https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce
+if (!Array.prototype.reduce) {
+  Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'reduce', {
+    value: function(callback /*, initialValue*/) {
+      if (this === null) {
+        throw new TypeError( 'Array.prototype.reduce ' +
+          'called on null or undefined' );
+      }
+      if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
+        throw new TypeError( callback +
+          ' is not a function');
+      }
+
+      // 1. Let O be ? ToObject(this value).
+      var o = Object(this);
+
+      // 2. Let len be ? ToLength(? Get(O, "length")).
+      var len = o.length >>> 0;
+
+      // Steps 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
+      var k = 0;
+      var value;
+
+      if (arguments.length >= 2) {
+        value = arguments[1];
+      } else {
+        while (k < len && !(k in o)) {
+          k++;
+        }
+
+        // 3. If len is 0 and initialValue is not present,
+        //    throw a TypeError exception.
+        if (k >= len) {
+          throw new TypeError( 'Reduce of empty array ' +
+            'with no initial value' );
+        }
+        value = o[k++];
+      }
+
+      // 8. Repeat, while k < len
+      while (k < len) {
+        // a. Let Pk be ! ToString(k).
+        // b. Let kPresent be ? HasProperty(O, Pk).
+        // c. If kPresent is true, then
+        //    i.  Let kValue be ? Get(O, Pk).
+        //    ii. Let accumulator be ? Call(
+        //          callbackfn, undefined,
+        //          « accumulator, kValue, k, O »).
+        if (k in o) {
+          value = callback(value, o[k], k, o);
+        }
+
+        // d. Increase k by 1.
+        k++;
+      }
+
+      // 9. Return accumulator.
+      return value;
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+ +

如果您需要兼容不支持Object.defineProperty的JavaScript引擎,那么最好不要 polyfill Array.prototype方法,因为你无法使其成为不可枚举的。

+ +

规范

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.21', 'Array.prototype.reduce')}}{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}初始定语. 实施于 JavaScript 1.8.
{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.reduce', 'Array.prototype.reduce')}}{{Spec2('ES6')}}
{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.reduce', 'Array.prototype.reduce')}}{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}
+ +

浏览器兼容性

+ +
+ + +

{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.reduce")}}

+
+ +

相关链接

+ + -- cgit v1.2.3-54-g00ecf