From 4b1a9203c547c019fc5398082ae19a3f3d4c3efe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Peter Bengtsson Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2020 14:41:15 -0500 Subject: initial commit --- files/de/web/css/css_positioning/index.html | 64 ++++++ .../adding_z-index/index.html | 161 ++++++++++++++ .../understanding_z_index/index.html | 51 +++++ .../the_stacking_context/index.html | 243 +++++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 519 insertions(+) create mode 100644 files/de/web/css/css_positioning/index.html create mode 100644 files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/adding_z-index/index.html create mode 100644 files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/index.html create mode 100644 files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/the_stacking_context/index.html (limited to 'files/de/web/css/css_positioning') diff --git a/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/index.html b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0a9020dd54 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +--- +title: CSS Positioned Layout +slug: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning +tags: + - CSS + - CSS Positioning + - Guide + - NeedsTranslation + - Overview + - Reference + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning +--- +
{{CSSRef}}
+ +

CSS Positioned Layout is a module of CSS that defines how to position elements on the page.

+ +

Reference

+ +

CSS properties

+ +
+ +
+ +

Guides

+ +
+
Understanding CSS z-index
+
Presents the notion of stacking context and explains how z-ordering works, with several examples.
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{ SpecName('CSS3 Positioning') }}{{ Spec2('CSS3 Positioning') }}
{{ SpecName('CSS2.1', 'visuren.html') }}{{ Spec2('CSS2.1') }}
diff --git a/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/adding_z-index/index.html b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/adding_z-index/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ff78bd192a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/adding_z-index/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ +--- +title: Using z-index +slug: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index/Adding_z-index +tags: + - CSS + - Referenz + - z-index +translation_of: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index/Adding_z-index +--- +
{{cssref}}
+ +

The first part of this article, Stacking without the z-index property, explains how stacking is arranged by default. If you want to create a custom stacking order, you can use the {{cssxref("z-index")}} property on a positioned element.

+ +

The z-index property can be specified with an integer value (positive, zero, or negative), which represents the position of the element along the z-axis. If you are not familiar with the z-axis, imagine the page as a stack of layers, each one having a number. Layers are rendered in numerical order, with larger numbers above smaller numbers.

+ + + +
+

Notes:

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+ +

In the following example, the layers' stacking order is rearranged using z-index. The z-index of element #5 has no effect since it is not a positioned element.

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{{EmbedLiveSample("Source_code_for_the_example", 600, 400)}}

+ +

Beispiel

+ +

HTML

+ +
<div id="abs1">
+  <b>DIV #1</b>
+  <br />position: absolute;
+  <br />z-index: 5;
+</div>
+
+<div id="rel1">
+  <b>DIV #2</b>
+  <br />position: relative;
+  <br />z-index: 3;
+</div>
+
+<div id="rel2">
+  <b>DIV #3</b>
+  <br />position: relative;
+  <br />z-index: 2;
+</div>
+
+<div id="abs2">
+  <b>DIV #4</b>
+  <br />position: absolute;
+  <br />z-index: 1;
+</div>
+
+<div id="sta1">
+  <b>DIV #5</b>
+  <br />no positioning
+  <br />z-index: 8;
+</div>
+
+ +

CSS

+ +
div {
+  padding: 10px;
+  opacity: 0.7;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+b {
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+#abs1 {
+  z-index: 5;
+  position: absolute;
+  width: 150px;
+  height: 350px;
+  top: 10px;
+  left: 10px;
+  border: 1px dashed #900;
+  background-color: #fdd;
+}
+
+#rel1 {
+  z-index: 3;
+  height: 100px;
+  position: relative;
+  top: 30px;
+  border: 1px dashed #696;
+  background-color: #cfc;
+  margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px;
+}
+
+#rel2 {
+  z-index: 2;
+  height: 100px;
+  position: relative;
+  top: 15px;
+  left: 20px;
+  border: 1px dashed #696;
+  background-color: #cfc;
+  margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px;
+}
+
+#abs2 {
+  z-index: 1;
+  position: absolute;
+  width: 150px;
+  height: 350px;
+  top: 10px;
+  right: 10px;
+  border: 1px dashed #900;
+  background-color: #fdd;
+}
+
+#sta1 {
+  z-index: 8;
+  height: 70px;
+  border: 1px dashed #996;
+  background-color: #ffc;
+  margin: 0px 50px 0px 50px;
+}
+
+ +

Siehe auch

+ + + +
+

Original Document Information

+ + +
diff --git a/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/index.html b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7f44be02c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +--- +title: Understanding CSS z-index +slug: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index +tags: + - Advanced + - CSS + - Guide + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub + - Understanding_CSS_z-index + - z-index +translation_of: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index +--- +
{{cssref}}
+ +

In the most basic cases, HTML pages can be considered two-dimensional, because text, images, and other elements are arranged on the page without overlapping. In this case, there is a single rendering flow, and all elements are aware of the space taken by others. The {{cssxref("z-index")}} attribute lets you adjust the order of the layering of objects when rendering content.

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+

In CSS 2.1, each box has a position in three dimensions. In addition to their horizontal and vertical positions, boxes lie along a "z-axis" and are formatted one on top of the other. Z-axis positions are particularly relevant when boxes overlap visually.

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+ +

(from CSS 2.1 Section 9.9.1 - Layered presentation)

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This means that CSS style rules allow you to position boxes on layers in addition to the normal rendering layer (layer 0). The Z position of each layer is expressed as an integer representing the stacking order for rendering. Greater numbers mean closer to the observer. Z position can be controlled with the CSS z-index property.

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Using z-index appears extremely easy: a single property, assigned a single integer number, with an easy-to-understand behaviour. However, when z-index is applied to complex hierarchies of HTML elements, its behaviour can be hard to understand or predict. This is due to complex stacking rules. In fact a dedicated section has been reserved in the CSS specification CSS-2.1 Appendix E to explain these rules better.

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This article will try to explain those rules, with some simplification and several examples.

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    +
  1. Stacking without the z-index property: The stacking rules that apply when z-index is not used.
    2. +
  2. Stacking with floated blocks: How floating elements are handled with stacking.
    3. +
  3. Using z-index: How to use z-index to change default stacking.
    4. +
  4. The stacking context: Notes on the stacking context.
    5. +
  5. Stacking context example 1: 2-level HTML hierarchy, z-index on the last level
    6. +
  6. Stacking context example 2: 2-level HTML hierarchy, z-index on all levels
    7. +
  7. Stacking context example 3: 3-level HTML hierarchy, z-index on the second level
    8. +
+ +
+

Original Document Information

+ + + +

Author's note: Thanks to Wladimir Palant and Rod Whiteley for the review.

+
diff --git a/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/the_stacking_context/index.html b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/the_stacking_context/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d814b294cf --- /dev/null +++ b/files/de/web/css/css_positioning/understanding_z_index/the_stacking_context/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,243 @@ +--- +title: The stacking context +slug: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index/The_stacking_context +tags: + - CSS + - CSS Positionierung + - Position + - Referenz + - z-index +translation_of: Web/CSS/CSS_Positioning/Understanding_z_index/The_stacking_context +--- +
{{cssref}}
+ +

Der Stapelungszusammenhang ist eine dreidimensionale Konzeptualisierung von HTML-Elementen entlang einer imaginären z-Achse relativ zum Benutzer, von dem angenommen wird, dass er dem Ansichtsfenster oder der Webseite zugewandt ist. HTML-Elemente füllen diesen Raum in Prioritätsreihenfolge auf der Grundlage von Elementattributen aus.

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Der Stapelungszusammenhang

+ +

Im vorherigen Teil dieses Artikels, die Verwendung von z-index, wird die Darstellungsreihenfolge bestimmter Elemente durch ihren z-index Wert beeinflusst. Dies ist darauf zurückzuführen, dass diese Elemente spezielle Eigenschaften haben, die dazu führen, dass sie einen Stapelungszusammenhang bilden.

+ +

Ein Stapelungszusammenhang wird an beliebiger Stelle im Dokument durch ein beliebiges Element in den folgenden Szenarien gebildet:

+ + + +

Innerhalb eines Stapelungszusammenhang werden die untergeordneten Elemente nach den gleichen Regeln gestapelt, die zuvor erläutert wurden. Wichtig ist, dass die z-index Werte der untergeordneten Stapelungszusammenhänge nur in diesem übergeordneten Kontext eine Bedeutung haben. Stapelungszusammenhänge werden im übergeordneten Stapelungszusammenhang atomar als eine einzige Einheit behandelt.

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Zusammengefasst:

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Hinweis: Die Hierarchie der Stapelungszusammenhänge ist eine Teilmenge der Hierarchie der HTML-Elemente, da nur bestimmte Elemente Stapelungszusammenhänge erzeugen. Man kann sagen, dass Elemente, die keinen eigenen Stapelungszusammenhang bilden, vom übergeordneten Stapelungszusammenhang assimiliert werden.
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Das Beispiel

+ +

Example of stacking rules modified using z-index

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In diesem Beispiel erzeugt jedes positionierte Element aufgrund seiner Positionierung und seiner z-index -Werte einen eigenen Stapelungszusammenhang. Die Hierarchie der Stapelungszusammenhang ist wie folgt organisiert:

+ + + +

Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass DIV #4, DIV #5 und DIV #6 Kinder von DIV #3 sind, so dass das Stapeln dieser Elemente innerhalb von DIV #3 vollständig aufgelöst wird. Sobald das Stapeln und Rendern innerhalb von DIV #3 abgeschlossen ist, wird das gesamte DIV #3-Element für das Stapeln im Wurzelelement in Bezug auf das DIV seines Geschwisters übergeben.

+ +
+

Notes:

+ + +
+ +

Beispiel

+ +

HTML

+ +
<div id="div1">
+  <h1>Division Element #1</h1>
+  <code>position: relative;<br/>
+  z-index: 5;</code>
+</div>
+
+<div id="div2">
+  <h1>Division Element #2</h1>
+  <code>position: relative;<br/>
+  z-index: 2;</code>
+</div>
+
+<div id="div3">
+  <div id="div4">
+    <h1>Division Element #4</h1>
+    <code>position: relative;<br/>
+    z-index: 6;</code>
+  </div>
+
+  <h1>Division Element #3</h1>
+  <code>position: absolute;<br/>
+  z-index: 4;</code>
+
+  <div id="div5">
+    <h1>Division Element #5</h1>
+    <code>position: relative;<br/>
+    z-index: 1;</code>
+  </div>
+
+  <div id="div6">
+    <h1>Division Element #6</h1>
+    <code>position: absolute;<br/>
+    z-index: 3;</code>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+ +

CSS

+ +
* {
+  margin: 0;
+}
+html {
+  padding: 20px;
+  font: 12px/20px Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+div {
+  opacity: 0.7;
+  position: relative;
+}
+h1 {
+  font: inherit;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+#div1,
+#div2 {
+  border: 1px dashed #696;
+  padding: 10px;
+  background-color: #cfc;
+}
+#div1 {
+  z-index: 5;
+  margin-bottom: 190px;
+}
+#div2 {
+  z-index: 2;
+}
+#div3 {
+  z-index: 4;
+  opacity: 1;
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 40px;
+  left: 180px;
+  width: 330px;
+  border: 1px dashed #900;
+  background-color: #fdd;
+  padding: 40px 20px 20px;
+}
+#div4,
+#div5 {
+  border: 1px dashed #996;
+  background-color: #ffc;
+}
+#div4 {
+  z-index: 6;
+  margin-bottom: 15px;
+  padding: 25px 10px 5px;
+}
+#div5 {
+  z-index: 1;
+  margin-top: 15px;
+  padding: 5px 10px;
+}
+#div6 {
+  z-index: 3;
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 20px;
+  left: 180px;
+  width: 150px;
+  height: 125px;
+  border: 1px dashed #009;
+  padding-top: 125px;
+  background-color: #ddf;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+ +

Ergebnis

+ +

{{ EmbedLiveSample('Example', '100%', '396') }}

+ +

Siehe auch

+ + + +
+

Original Document Information

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