From 33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Peter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>
Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2020 14:40:17 -0500
Subject: initial commit

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+---
+title: TLD (トップレベルドメイン)
+slug: Glossary/TLD
+tags:
+  - Glossary
+  - Web
+  - WebMechanics
+translation_of: Glossary/TLD
+---
+<p>TLD (トップレベルドメイン)は、インターネットの階層的な {{Glossary("DNS")}} (ドメインネームシステム) で最も一般的な {{Glossary("domain")}} です。TLD は {{Glossary("domain name")}} の最後の要素です。例えば、<code>developer.mozilla.org</code> の "org" です。</p>
+
+<p>{{Glossary("ICANN")}} (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) designates organizations to manage each TLD. Depending on how strict an administrating organization might be, TLD often serves as a clue to the purpose, ownership, or nationality of a website.</p>
+
+<p>Consider an example Internet address: <code>https://developer.mozilla.org</code><br>
+ Here org is the TLD; mozilla.org is the second-level domain name; and developer is a subdomain name. All together, these constitute a fully-qualified domain name; the addition of https:// makes this a complete URL.</p>
+
+<p>{{Glossary("IANA")}} today distinguishes the following groups of top-level domains:</p>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt>country-code top-level domains (ccTLD)</dt>
+ <dd>Two-character domains established for countries or territories. Example: <em>.us</em> for United States.</dd>
+ <dt>internationalized country code top-level domains (IDN ccTLD)</dt>
+ <dd>ccTLDs in non-Latin character sets (e.g., Arabic or Chinese).</dd>
+ <dt>generic top-level domains (gTLD)</dt>
+ <dd>Top-level domains with three or more characters.</dd>
+ <dt>unsponsored top-level domains</dt>
+ <dd>Domains that operate directly under policies established by ICANN processes for the global Internet community, for example "com" and "edu".</dd>
+ <dt>sponsored top-level domains (sTLD)</dt>
+ <dd>These domains are proposed and sponsored by private organizations that decide whether an applicant is eligible to use the TLD, based on community theme concepts.</dd>
+ <dt>infrastructure top-level domain</dt>
+ <dd>This group consists of one domain, the {{Glossary("ARPA", "Address and Routing Parameter Area")}} (ARPA).</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="Learn_more">Learn more</h2>
+
+<h3 id="General_knowledge" style="line-height: 24px;"><strong>General knowledge</strong></h3>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>{{Interwiki("wikipedia", "TLD")}} on Wikipedia</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db">List of top-level domains</a></li>
+</ul>
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