From 33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Peter Bengtsson Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2020 14:40:17 -0500 Subject: initial commit --- .../webextensions/match_patterns/index.html | 384 +++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 384 insertions(+) create mode 100644 files/zh-cn/mozilla/add-ons/webextensions/match_patterns/index.html (limited to 'files/zh-cn/mozilla/add-ons/webextensions/match_patterns') diff --git a/files/zh-cn/mozilla/add-ons/webextensions/match_patterns/index.html b/files/zh-cn/mozilla/add-ons/webextensions/match_patterns/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..44df7ebb7f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/zh-cn/mozilla/add-ons/webextensions/match_patterns/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,384 @@ +--- +title: 匹配模式 +slug: Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Match_patterns +tags: + - Match_patterns + - URIs + - urls +translation_of: Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Match_patterns +--- +
{{AddonSidebar}}
+ +

匹配模式是一种指定网址组的方法：: 一个匹配模式匹配特定的一组URL。 它们由WebExtensions 在几个地方使用，最明显的是指定要将内容脚本加载到哪些文档中，并指定要向其中添加 webRequest 侦听器的URL。

+ +

使用匹配模板的API通常接收一个匹配模板的列表，当URL匹配任何模式时会恰当的运行. 看个例子 在manifest.json中的 content_scripts 关键字。

+ +

匹配模式结构

+ +

所有的匹配模式用一个字符串来定义，而且都是"<all_urls>" 模板的一部份， 匹配模板包含三个部分: scheme, host, 和 path.  scheme  host 用 "://" 分隔。

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<scheme>://<host><path>
+ +

方案

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 scheme  可能以下两种格式之一:

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FormMatches
"*"Only "http" and "https".
One of "http", "https", "file", "ftp", "app".Only the given scheme.
+ +

主机

+ +

 host 组件可以采取三种形式之一：:

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FormMatches
"*"Any host.
"*." followed by part of the hostname.The given host and any of its subdomains.
A complete hostname, without wildcards.Only the given host.
+ +

只有当 scheme 是 "file" 是 host 可选的

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值得注意的是通配符可能只会在开头显示。

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路径

+ +

path 组件必须以“/”开头。

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之后，它可能随后包含“*”通配符和网址路径中允许的任何字符的任意组合。 与 host 不同， path 组件可能在中间或末尾包含“*”通配符，并且“*”通配符可以多次出现。

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<all_urls>

+ +

特殊值“<all_urls>”匹配任何受支持方案下的所有URL：即, "http", "https", "file", "ftp", "app"。

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范例

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
PatternExample matchesExample non-matches
+

<all_urls>

+ +

Match all URLs.

+ 		+

http://example.org/

+ +

ftp://files.somewhere.org/

+ +

https://a.org/some/path/

+ 		+

resource://a/b/c/
+ (unsupported scheme)

+
+

*://*.mozilla.org/*

+ +

Match all HTTP and HTTPS URLs that are hosted at "mozilla.org" or one of its subdomains.

+ 		+

http://mozilla.org/

+ +

https://mozilla.org/

+ +

http://a.mozilla.org/

+ +

http://a.b.mozilla.org/

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https://b.mozilla.org/path/

+ 		+

ftp://mozilla.org/
+ (unmatched scheme)

+ +

http://mozilla.com/
+ (unmatched host)

+ +

http://firefox.org/
+ (unmatched host)

+
+

*://mozilla.org/

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Match all HTTP and HTTPS URLs that are hosted at exactly "mozilla.org/".

+ 		+

http://mozilla.org/

+ +

https://mozilla.org/

+ 		+

ftp://mozilla.org/
+ (unmatched scheme)

+ +

http://a.mozilla.org/
+ (unmatched host)

+ +

http://mozilla.org/a
+ (unmatched path)

+
+

ftp://mozilla.org/

+ +

Match only "ftp://mozilla.org/".

+ 		ftp://mozilla.org +

http://mozilla.org/
+ (unmatched scheme)

+ +

ftp://sub.mozilla.org/
+ (unmatched host)

+ +

ftp://mozilla.org/path
+ (unmatched path)

+
+

https://*/path

+ +

Match HTTPS URLs on any host, whose path is "path".

+ 		+

https://mozilla.org/path

+ +

https://a.mozilla.org/path

+ +

https://something.com/path

+ 		+

http://mozilla.org/path
+ (unmatched scheme)

+ +

https://mozilla.org/path/
+ (unmatched path)

+ +

https://mozilla.org/a
+ (unmatched path)

+ +

https://mozilla.org/
+ (unmatched path)

+
+

https://*/path/

+ +

Match HTTPS URLs on any host, whose path is "path/".

+ 		+

https://mozilla.org/path/

+ +

https://a.mozilla.org/path/

+ +

https://something.com/path/

+ 		+

http://mozilla.org/path/
+ (unmatched scheme)

+ +

https://mozilla.org/path
+ (unmatched path)

+ +

https://mozilla.org/a
+ (unmatched path)

+ +

https://mozilla.org/
+ (unmatched path)

+
+

https://mozilla.org/*

+ +

Match HTTPS URLs only at "mozilla.org", with any path.

+ 		+

https://mozilla.org/

+ +

https://mozilla.org/path

+ +

https://mozilla.org/another

+ +

https://mozilla.org/path/to/doc

+ 		+

http://mozilla.org/path
+ (unmatched scheme)

+ +

https://mozilla.com/path
+ (unmatched host)

+
+

https://mozilla.org/a/b/c/

+ +

Match only this URL.

+ 		https://mozilla.org/a/b/c/Anything else.
+

https://mozilla.org/*/b/*/

+ +

Match HTTPS URLs hosted on "mozilla.org", whose path contains a component "b" somewhere in the middle.

+ 		+

https://mozilla.org/a/b/c/

+ +

https://mozilla.org/d/b/f/

+ +

https://mozilla.org/a/b/c/d/

+ 		+

https://mozilla.org/b/*/
+ (unmatched path)

+ +

https://mozilla.org/a/b/
+ (unmatched path)

+
+

file:///blah/*

+ +

Match any FILE URL whose path begins with "blah".

+ 		+

file:///blah/

+ +

file:///blah/bleh

+ 		file:///bleh/
+ (unmatched path)
+ +

无效匹配模式

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Invalid patternReason
resource://path/Unsupported scheme.
https://mozilla.orgNo path.
https://mozilla.*.org/"*" in host must be at the start.
https://*zilla.org/"*" in host must by the only character or be followed by ".".
http*://mozilla.org/"*" in scheme must be the only character.
file://*Empty path: this should be "file:///*".
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测试匹配模式

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当制作扩展时你通常不会跟直接使用匹配模板: 通常你讲一个匹配模式传递给API，然后API构造一个匹配模式并且使用他来测试url。不过如果你正在尝试哪一种匹配模式可以被使用，或者调试一个匹配问题，那么直接创建和测试匹配模板的能力将变得有用，这个模块将解释如何做到这点。

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首先，打开开发者工具设置，并且检查 "Enable browser chrome and add-on debugging toolboxes" 被打开:

+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("JDEe2fyFpHE")}}

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然后打开 "Browser Console":

+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("mfuBMje6dA4")}}

+ +

它给了你一个命令行以使你可以执行一些特权javascript代码。

+ +
+

因为运行在浏览器控制台的代码拥有系统特权，在任何时候都请你小心理解你的代码做了什么

+
+ +

现在粘贴以下代码到命令行然后按下 enter:

+ +
Cu.import("resource://gre/modules/MatchPattern.jsm");
+Cu.import("resource://gre/modules/BrowserUtils.jsm");
+ +

这做了两件事:

+ + + +

现在你可以构造MatchPattern对象，构造URIs，并检查URIs 是否匹配：

+ +
var match = new MatchPattern("*://mozilla.org/");
+
+var uri = BrowserUtils.makeURI("https://mozilla.org/");
+match.matches(uri); //        < true
+
+uri = BrowserUtils.makeURI("https://mozilla.org/path");
+match.matches(uri); //        < false
+ +

 

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