From 33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Peter Bengtsson Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2020 14:40:17 -0500 Subject: initial commit --- files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/index.html | 118 ++ .../using_css_transitions/index.html | 1133 ++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 1251 insertions(+) create mode 100644 files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/index.html create mode 100644 files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/using_css_transitions/index.html (limited to 'files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions') diff --git a/files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/index.html b/files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c77f811360 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +--- +title: CSS 变换 +slug: Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions +tags: + - CSS + - CSS 变换 + - 参考 + - 实验功能 + - 概述 +translation_of: Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions +--- +

{{CSSRef}}{{SeeCompatTable}}

+ +

CSS Transitions 是一个 CSS 模块，定义了如何创建一个平滑地变换 CSS 属性值的方法。它不仅允许创建变换方法，同时也允许通过定时函数来控制变换方法。

+ +

参考

+ +

CSS 属性

+ +
+ +
+ +

向导

+ +
+
使用 CSS 变换
+
本教程将手把手展现如何通过 CSS 创建一个平滑的变换方法，这篇文章描述了每个相关的 CSS 属性是如何互相影响的。
+
+ +

文档

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
文档状态注释
{{ SpecName('CSS3 Transitions') }}{{ Spec2('CSS3 Transitions') }}源定义文件。
+ +

浏览器兼容

+ +

{{ CompatibilityTable() }}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
兼容版本1.0 {{ property_prefix("-webkit") }}
+ 26.0		{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("2.0") }} {{ property_prefix("-moz") }}
+ {{ CompatGeckoDesktop("16.0") }}		10.011.6 {{ property_prefix("-o") }}
+ 12.10 #		3.0 {{ property_prefix("-webkit") }}
+ 6.1
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
兼容版本2.1 {{ property_prefix("-webkit") }}{{ CompatGeckoMobile("2.0") }} {{ property_prefix("-moz") }}
+ {{ CompatGeckoMobile("16.0") }}		{{ CompatUnknown() }}10.0 {{ property_prefix("-o") }}
+ 12.10 #		3.2 {{ property_prefix("-webkit") }}
+
+ +

 

+ +

参见

+ + diff --git a/files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/using_css_transitions/index.html b/files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/using_css_transitions/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9cc37073b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/zh-cn/web/css/css_transitions/using_css_transitions/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,1133 @@ +--- +title: 使用 CSS transitions +slug: Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions/Using_CSS_transitions +tags: + - CSS + - CSS Transitions + - Using CSS transitions + - 教程 + - 过渡 + - 高级 +translation_of: Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions/Using_CSS_transitions +--- +

{{CSSRef}} {{SeeCompattable}}

+ +

CSS transitions 提供了一种在更改CSS属性时控制动画速度的方法。 其可以让属性变化成为一个持续一段时间的过程，而不是立即生效的。比如，将一个元素的颜色从白色改为黑色，通常这个改变是立即生效的，使用 CSS transitions 后该元素的颜色将逐渐从白色变为黑色，按照一定的曲线速率变化。这个过程可以自定义。

+ +

通常将两个状态之间的过渡称为隐式过渡（implicit transitions），因为开始与结束之间的状态由浏览器决定。

+ +

A CSS transition tells the browsder to draw the intermediate states between the initial and final states, showing the user a smooth transitions.

+ +

CSS transitions 可以决定哪些属性发生动画效果 (明确地列出这些属性)，何时开始 (设置 delay），持续多久 (设置 duration) 以及如何动画 (定义timing function，比如匀速地或先快后慢)。

+ +
Note: transition 可以不用厂商前缀，不过鉴于标准刚刚稳定，对于基于 Webkit的浏览器仍然需要厂商前缀。如果想兼容旧版本的浏览器那么也需要厂商前缀（例如Firefox 15 及之前版本, Opera 12 及之前版本)。详情见本页底部的兼容性表格。
+ +

哪些 CSS 属性可以动画?

+ +

网页制作者可以定义哪个属性以哪种方式动画，这样能制作出复杂的过渡。因为有些属性动画无意义，所以 可动画属性列表 是一个有限集合。

+ +
Note: 可动画的属性集将有变动，开发者应关注。
+ +

auto 值常常较复杂，规范指出不要在它上动画。一些用户代理，比如基于 Gecko 的，遵循这点；一些，比如基于 WebKit的，没有这么严格限制。在 auto 上动画结果可能不可预期，这取决于浏览器及其版本，应当避免使用。

+ +

同时应当留意这种情形，在插入元素（如 .appendChild()）或改变属性 display: none 后立即使用过渡, 元素将视为没有开始状态，始终处于结束状态。简单的解决办法，改变属性前用 window.setTimeout() 延迟几毫秒。

+ +

多个属性一起动画示例

+ +

HTML 内容

+ +
<body>
+    <p>盒子的多个属性一起动画: width, height, background-color, transform. 将光标悬停在盒子上查看动画。</p>
+    <div class="box"></div>
+</body>
+ +

CSS 内容

+ +
.box {
+    border-style: solid;
+    border-width: 1px;
+    display: block;
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: #0000FF;
+    -webkit-transition:width 2s, height 2s,
+        background-color 2s, -webkit-transform 2s;
+    transition:width 2s, height 2s, background-color 2s, transform 2s;
+}
+.box:hover {
+    background-color: #FFCCCC;
+    width:200px;
+    height:200px;
+    -webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);
+    transform:rotate(180deg);
+}
+ +

{{ EmbedLiveSample('多个属性一起动画示例', 600, 300) }}

+ +

定义过渡

+ +

CSS 过渡 由简写属性 {{cssxref("transition")}} 定义是最好的方式，可以避免属性值列表长度不一，节省调试时间。

+ +

也可以用下面子属性来控制过渡的各部分：

+ +

(注意下面示例中过渡无限循环是为了说明例子，过渡只是从开始到结束变化，如果需要循环，查看 animation 。)

+ +
+
{{ cssxref("transition-property") }}
+
指定哪个或哪些 CSS 属性用于过渡。只有指定的属性才会在过渡中发生动画，其它属性仍如通常那样瞬间变化。
+
{{ cssxref("transition-duration") }}
+
指定过渡的时长。或者为所有属性指定一个值，或者指定多个值，为每个属性指定不同的时长。 +
+
+

transition-duration: 0.5s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:0.5s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    transition-duration:0.5s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+.box1{
+    transform: rotate(270deg);
+    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:0.5s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transformv color;
+    transition-duration:0.5s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("duration_0_5s",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-duration: 1s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top -webkit-transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:1s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform color;
+    transition-duration:1s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+.box1{
+    transform: rotate(270deg);
+    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top -webkit-transform transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:1s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    transition-duration:1s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("duration_1s",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-duration: 2s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+.box1{
+    transform: rotate(270deg);
+    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("duration_2s",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-duration: 4s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:4s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    transition-duration:4s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+.box1{
+    transform: rotate(270deg);
+    -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg);
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:4s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top transform -webkit-transform color;
+    transition-duration:4s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("duration_4s",275,150)}}
+
+
+
+
{{ cssxref("transition-timing-function") }}
+
指定一个函数，定义属性值怎么变化。缓动函数 Timing functions 定义属性如何计算。多数 timing functions 由四点定义一个 bezier 曲线。也可以从 Easing Functions Cheat Sheet 选择缓动效果。
+
+
+
+

transition-timing-function: ease

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease;
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("ttf_ease",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-timing-function: linear

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("ttf_linear",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-timing-function: step-end

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: step-end;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: step-end;
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: step-end;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: step-end;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("ttf_stepend",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-timing-function: steps(4, end)

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("ttf_step4end",275,150)}}
+
+
+
+
{{ cssxref("transition-delay") }}
+
指定延迟，即属性开始变化时与过渡开始发生时之间的时长。
+
+
+
+

transition-delay: 0.5s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:0.5s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:0.5s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+     -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:0.5s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:0.5s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("delay_0_5s",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-delay: 1s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+     -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:1s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:1s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:1s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:1s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("delay_1s",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-delay: 2s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:2s;
+    transition-timing-function: linear;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("delay_2s",275,150)}}
+
+ +
+

transition-delay: 4s

+ +
+ 
 <div class="parent">
+  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
+</div>
+
+ + 
.parent { width: 250px; height:125px;}
+.box {
+    width: 100px;
+    height: 100px;
+    background-color: red;
+    font-size: 20px;
+    left: 0px;
+    top: 0px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:4s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:4s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+.box1{
+    width: 50px;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: blue;
+    color: yellow;
+    font-size: 18px;
+    left: 150px;
+    top:25px;
+    position:absolute;
+    -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    -webkit-transition-duration:2s;
+    -webkit-transition-delay:4s;
+    -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+    transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
+    transition-duration:2s;
+    transition-delay:4s;
+    transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
+}
+
+ + 
function updateTransition() {
+  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");
+
+  if (el) {
+    el.className = "box1";
+  } else {
+    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
+    el.className = "box";
+  }
+
+  return el;
+}
+
+var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);
+
+
+ +
{{EmbedLiveSample("delay_4s",275,150)}}
+
+
+
+
+ +

简写语法：

+ +
div {
+    transition: <property> <duration> <timing-function> <delay>;
+}
+ +

检测过渡是否完成

+ +

当过渡完成时触发一个事件，在符合标准的浏览器下，这个事件是 transitionend, 在 WebKit 下是 webkitTransitionEnd. 详情查看页面底部的兼容性表格。 transitionend 事件提供两个属性:

+ +
+
propertyName
+
字符串，指示已完成过渡的属性。
+
elapsedTime
+
浮点数，指示当触发这个事件时过渡已运行的时间（秒）。这个值不受 {{ cssxref("transition-delay") }} 影响。
+
+ +

照例可以用  {{ domxref("element.addEventListener()") }} 方法来监听这个事件：

+ +
el.addEventListener("transitionend", updateTransition, true);
+
+ +
Note: 如果取消了过渡则不会触发 transitionend 事件，因为在过渡完成前动画的属性值改变了。
+ +

当属性值列表长度不一致时

+ +

以 {{ cssxref("transition-property") }} 的值列表长度为标准，如果某个属性值列表长度短于它的，则重复其值以长度一致， 例如:

+ +
div {
+  transition-property: opacity, left, top, height;
+  transition-duration: 3s, 5s;
+}
+
+ +

将按下面这样处理:

+ +
div {
+  transition-property: opacity, left, top, height;
+  transition-duration: 3s, 5s, 3s, 5s;
+}
+ +

类似地，如果某个属性的值列表长于 {{ cssxref("transition-property") }} 的，将被截短。 例如:

+ +
div {
+  transition-property: opacity, left;
+  transition-duration: 3s, 5s, 2s, 1s;
+}
+ +

将按下面这样处理:

+ +
div {
+  transition-property: opacity, left;
+  transition-duration: 3s, 5s;
+}
+ +

简单例子

+ +

这个例子实现这样的效果：4s 过渡改变字体大小，2s 延迟——在元素上鼠标悬停时与开始动画效果之间：

+ +
#delay1 {
+  position: relative;
+  transition-property: font-size;
+  transition-duration: 4s;
+  transition-delay: 2s;
+  font-size: 14px;
+}
+
+#delay1:hover {
+  transition-property: font-size;
+  transition-duration: 4s;
+  transition-delay: 2s;
+  font-size: 36px;
+}
+
+ +

高亮菜单过渡效果

+ +

CSS 的一个常用地方是当鼠标悬停在菜单上时高亮此菜单，使用 transition 效果更佳。

+ +

HTML 内容

+ +
<div class="sidebar">
+  <p><a class="menuButton" href="home">Home</a></p>
+  <p><a class="menuButton" href="about">About</a></p>
+  <p><a class="menuButton" href="contact">Contact Us</a></p>
+  <p><a class="menuButton" href="links">Links</a></p>
+</div>
+ +

CSS 内容

+ +
.menuButton {
+  position: relative;
+  transition-property: background-color, color;
+  transition-duration: 1s;
+  transition-timing-function: ease-out;
+  text-align: left;
+  background-color: grey;
+  left: 5px;
+  top: 5px;
+  height: 26px;
+  color: white;
+  border-color: black;
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+  font-size: 20px;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  box-shadow: 2px 2px 1px black;
+  padding: 2px 4px;
+  border: solid 1px black;
+}
+
+.menuButton:hover {
+  position: relative;
+  transition-property: background-color, color;
+  transition-duration: 1s;
+  transition-timing-function: ease-out;
+  background-color:white;
+  color:black;
+  box-shadow: 2px 2px 1px black;
+}
+
+ +

{{ EmbedLiveSample('高亮菜单过渡效果') }}

+ +

这个 CSS 设置了菜单的外观，在{{ cssxref(":hover") }}时，菜单里的元素的文字、颜色及背景色都发生了变化。

+ +

transition 让 JavaScript 效果更平滑

+ +

transition 是非常好的工具，可以让 JavaScript 效果平滑而不用修改 JavaScript。 看下面例子。

+ +
<p>随便点击某处来移动球</p>
+<div id="foo"></div>
+
+ +

使用 JavaScript 将球移动到一个位置 ：

+ +
var f = document.getElementById('foo');
+document.addEventListener('click', function(ev){
+    f.style.left = (ev.clientX-25)+'px';
+    f.style.top = (ev.clientY-25)+'px';
+},false);
+
+ +

使用CSS 来平滑移动，只用简单地添加一个过渡 :

+ +
p {
+  padding-left: 60px;
+}
+
+#foo {
+  border-radius: 50px;
+  width: 50px;
+  height: 50px;
+  background: #c00;
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  transition:  all 1s;
+}
+
+ +

演示： http://jsfiddle.net/RwtHn/5/

+ +

规范

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{ SpecName('CSS3 Transitions', '', '') }}{{ Spec2('CSS3 Transitions') }}Initial specification.
+ +

浏览器兼容性

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari (WebKit)
Basic support1.0 {{property_prefix("-webkit")}}
+ 26.0		{{CompatGeckoDesktop("2.0")}} {{property_prefix("-moz")}}
+ {{CompatGeckoDesktop("16.0")}}		1010.5 {{property_prefix("-o")}}
+ 12.10		3.2 {{property_prefix("-webkit")}}
transitionend event1.0[1]
+ 26.0		{{CompatGeckoDesktop("2.0")}}1010.5[2]
+ 12
+ 12.10		3.2[1]
+ 6.0
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE PhoneOpera MobileSafari Mobile
Basic support2.1{{CompatGeckoMobile("2.0")}} {{property_prefix("-moz")}}
+ {{CompatGeckoMobile("16.0")}}		1010 {{property_prefix("-o")}}
+ 12.10		3.2
transitionend event2.1[1]{{CompatGeckoMobile("2.0")}}1010[2]
+ 12
+ 12.10		3.2[1]
+
+ +

另见

+ + -- cgit v1.2.3-54-g00ecf