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"contributors": [ + "Jeremie" + ] + }, + "Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes": { + "modified": "2020-03-12T19:45:07.285Z", + "contributors": [ + "kdex" + ] + }, + "Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/extends": { + "modified": "2020-03-12T19:45:07.568Z", + "contributors": [ + "Bulan" + ] + }, + "Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/static": { + "modified": "2020-03-12T19:46:03.829Z", + "contributors": [ + "md2perpe", + "avocadoboi" + ] + }, + "Web/Security": { + "modified": "2019-09-10T16:46:24.953Z", + "contributors": [ + "SphinxKnight", + "Sheppy" + ] + }, + "Web/Security/Osäkra_lösenord": { + "modified": "2019-03-23T22:01:18.095Z", + "contributors": [ + "ScorpionHH" + ] + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/files/sv-se/archive/index.html b/files/sv-se/archive/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cad124e919 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/archive/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +--- +title: Archive of obsolete content +slug: Archive +tags: + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive +--- +

Here at MDN, we try to avoid outright deleting content that might be useful to people targeting legacy platforms, operating systems, and browsers. Perhaps your target audience is people that are using older hardware, for example, and can't upgrade to the latest and greatest browsers. Or for "reasons," your company is required to use very old software and you need to build Web content that runs on that software. Or perhaps you're just curious about the history of an obsolete feature or API, and how it worked.

+ +

There are many reasons older documentation can be useful. So, we've established this area into which we can archive older documentation. Material in this Archived content zone should not be used for building new Web sites or apps for modern browsers. It's here for historical reference only.

+ +
+

Note to writers: We need to try to keep the subpages here organized instead of all dumped into one large folder. Try to create subtrees for categories of material. Also, only move pages here that are extremely obsolete. If anyone might realistically need the information in a living product, it may not be appropriate to move it here. In general, it may be best to discuss it in the MDN Web Docs chat room  before moving content here.

+
+ +

{{SubpagesWithSummaries}}

+ + + +

{{ListSubpages("/en-US/docs/Archive", 2, 0, 1)}}

diff --git a/files/sv-se/glossary/404/index.html b/files/sv-se/glossary/404/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..fc5cd09650 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/glossary/404/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +--- +title: '404' +slug: Glossary/404 +tags: + - Infrastruktur + - Navigering + - Ordlista +translation_of: Glossary/404 +--- +

404 är en standardsvarskod som betyder att aktuell {{Glossary("Server", "server")}} inte kan hitta den efterfrågade resursen.

+ +

Lär dig mer

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/glossary/bandwidth/index.html b/files/sv-se/glossary/bandwidth/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1a3af48faa --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/glossary/bandwidth/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +--- +title: Bandbredd +slug: Glossary/Bandwidth +tags: + - Infrastruktur + - Ordlista +translation_of: Glossary/Bandwidth +--- +

Bandbredd är ett mått på hur mycket information som kan passera genom en datakommunikationsförbindelse under ett givet tidsspann. Det mäts vanligtvis i multiplar av bits-per-sekund (Mbps) eller gigabits-per-sekund (Gbps).

+ +

Lär dig mer

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/glossary/index.html b/files/sv-se/glossary/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..46346631fb --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/glossary/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +--- +title: Ordlista +slug: Glossary +tags: + - Ordlista +translation_of: Glossary +--- +
{{LearnBox({"title":"Learn a new term:"})}}
+ +

Webbteknologier innehåller långa listor med jargong och förkortningar som används i dokumentation och kodning. Denna ordlista ger definitioner av ord och förkortningar som du behöver känna till för att framgångsrikt kunna förstå och bygga för webben.

+ +

{{GlossaryList({"split":"h3", "css":"multiColumnList"})}}

+ +

Bidra till ordlistan

+ +

Denna ordlista är ett ständigt pågående arbete. Du kan hjälpa till att förbättra den genom att lägga till nya uppslagsord eller genom att göra redan existerande definitoner bättre. Det enklaste sättet att börja är att klicka på följande knapp, eller att välja något av nedanstående ord.

+ +

Add a new entry to the glossary

+ +

{{GlossaryList({"terms":[], "filter":"notdefined", "css":"multiColumnList"})}}

+ +

Om du vill veta mer om hur du kan bidra till ordlistan, titta på ordlistans dokumentationsstatus-sida.

diff --git a/files/sv-se/glossary/ip_adress/index.html b/files/sv-se/glossary/ip_adress/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3a50d57ea6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/glossary/ip_adress/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +--- +title: IP Adress +slug: Glossary/IP_Adress +tags: + - Glosor + - Infrastruktur + - Internet + - Nybörjare + - Webben +translation_of: Glossary/IP_Address +--- +

 

+ +

En IP-adress är ett nummer som är tilldelat för varje enhet som är ansluten till ett nätverk som använder Internet-protokollet.

+ +

"IP-adress" refererar vanligtvis fortfarande till 32-bitars IPv4-adresser tills IPv6 distribueras bredare.

+ +

 

+ +

Lär dig mera

+ +

Allround-kunskaper

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/learn/index.html b/files/sv-se/learn/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..14baeade13 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/learn/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +--- +title: Lär dig webbutveckling +slug: Learn +tags: + - Beginner + - Index + - Introduktion + - Landing + - Learn + - NeedsTranslation + - Nybörjare + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Learn +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +
+

Välkommen till MDNs Inlärningsportal. De artiklar som återfinns här syftar till att hjälpa nybörjare inom webbutveckling med allt de behöver för att sätta igång och bygga enkla webbsidor.

+
+ +

Syftet med denna del av MDN är inte att ta dig från "nybörjare" till "expert" utan att ta dig från "nybörjare" till "bekväm". När du känner dig bekväm kan du själv ta dig vidare genom att fortsätta lära från resten av MDN, och andra resurser med en högre svårighetsnivå som kräver en del bakgrundskunskap.

+ +

Webbutveckling kan vara utmanande när du är en nybörjare, - vi kommer att hålla din hand och ge dig tillräckligt med information så att du kan börja känna dig bekväm och så att du kan lära dig ämnena ordentligt. Du borde känna dig som hemma, oavsett om du är en student som vill lära sig webbutveckling (självmant eller som del av din kurs), en lärare som letar efter kursunderlag, om du gör det som en hobby eller om du bara vill förstå mer om hur webbteknologier fungerar.

+ +
+

Viktigt: Innehållet i Inlärningsportalen uppdateras ständigt. Om du har frågor kring ämnen som du vill se här eller som du känner saknas, se {{anch("Kontakt")}} sektionen nedan för information om hur du kan nå oss.

+
+ +

Var börjar man

+ + + +
+

Notera: I Ordboken finner du definitioner på terminologi.

+
+ +
+

Note: We'll publish more core learning material in the future. Our "Advanced learning material" menu on the left points to other learning material on MDN, which isn't necessarily part of the Learning Area, but is still useful.

+
+ +

{{LearnBox({"title":"Random glossary entry"})}}

+ +

Behandlade ämnen

+ +

Följande lista innehåller alla de ämnen som du kan finna i inlärningsportalen

+ +
+
Börja med webbutveckling
+
Innehåller en praktisk introduktion till webbutveckling för nybörjare.
+
HTML - Strukturera webben
+
HTML är språket vi använder för att strukturera olika delar av vårt innehåll och definierar vilken dess mening eller syfte är. Detta ämne lär ut HTML i detalj.
+
CSS — Designa webben
+
CSS är språket vi använder för att designa och placera ut vårt innehåll på webben, så väl som lägga till animationer. Detta ämne ger en övergripande beskrivning av CSS.
+
JavaScript — Dynamiskt skriptande client-side
+
JavaScript är skriptspråket som används för att lägga till dynamisk funktionalitet till webbsidor. Detta ämne lär ut grunderna som är nödvändiga för att bli bekväm med att skriva och förstå JavaScript.
+
Tillgänglighet — gör webben användbar av alla
+
Tillgänglighet handlar om att göra innehåll på webben tillgänglighet till så många människor som möjligt oavsett funktionnedsättning, vilken dator eller mobil du använder, var du bor eller andra faktorer. Detta ämne ger dig allt du behöver veta.
+
Webbprestanda — gör webbsidor snabba och responsiva
+
Webbprestanda är konsten att se till att webbapplikationer laddas ned snabbt och är responsiva för användarinteraktioner, oavsett användarens bandbredd, storlek på skärm, nätverk eller hårdvara.
+
Verktyg och testande
+
Här skrivs det om verktyg som utvecklare använder för att underlätta sitt arbete, såsom verktyg som testar över flera webbläsare.
+
Server-side website programming
+
Even if you are concentrating on client-side web development, it is still useful to know about how servers and server-side code features work. This topic provides a general introduction to how the server-side works, and detailed tutorials detailing how to build up a server-side app using two popular frameworks — Django (Python) and Express (node.js). 
+
+ +

Getting our code examples

+ +

The code examples you'll encounter in the Learning Area are all available on GitHub. If you want to copy them all to your computer, the easiest way is to:

+ +
    +
  1. Install Git on your machine. This is the underlying version control system software that GitHub works on top of.
    2. +
  2. Sign up for a GitHub account.
    3. +
  3. Once you've signed up, log in to github.com with your username and password.
    4. +
  4. Open your computer's command prompt (Windows) or terminal (Linux, macOS)
    5. +
  5. To copy the learning area repo to a folder called learning-area in the current location your command prompt/terminal is pointing to, use the following command: + 
    git clone https://github.com/mdn/learning-area
    +
    6. +
  6. You can now enter the directory and find the files you are after (either using your finder/file explorer or the cd command).
    7. +
+ +

You can update the learning-area repository with any changes made to the master version on GitHub with the following steps:

+ +
    +
  1. In your command prompt/terminal, go inside the learning-area directory using cd. For example, if you were in the parent directory: + + 
    cd learning-area
    +
    2. +
  2. Update the repository using the following command: + 
    git pull
    +
    3. +
+ +

Contact us

+ +

If you want to get in touch with us about anything, the best way is to drop us a message on our mailing lists or IRC channels. We'd like to hear from you about anything you think is wrong or missing on the site, requests for new learning topics, requests for help with items you don't understand, or anything else.

+ +

If you're interested in helping develop/improve the content, take a look at how you can help, and get in touch! We are more than happy to talk to you, whether you are a learner, teacher, experienced web developer, or someone else interested in helping to improve the learning experience.

+ +

See also

+ +
+
Codecademy
+
A great interactive site for learning programming languages from scratch.
+
Code.org
+
Basic coding theory and practice, mainly aimed at children/complete beginners.
+
FreeCodeCamp.com
+
Interactive site with tutorials and projects to learn Web Development.
+
+ +
+
Web Literacy Map
+
A framework for entry-level web literacy & 21st Century skills, which also provides access to teaching activities sorted by category.
+
Teaching activities
+
A series of teaching activities for teaching (and learning) created by the Mozilla Foundation, covering everything from basic web literacy and privacy to JavaScript and hacking Minecraft.
+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/index.html b/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f01ce72c27 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +--- +title: JavaScript +slug: Learn/JavaScript +tags: + - Beginner + - CodingScripting + - JavaScript + - JavaScripting beginner + - Landing + - Module + - NeedsTranslation + - Topic + - TopicStub + - 'l10n:priority' +translation_of: Learn/JavaScript +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +

{{Glossary("JavaScript")}} is a programming language that allows you to implement complex things on web pages — every time a web page does more than just sit there and display static information for you to look at — displaying timely content updates, or interactive maps, or animated 2D/3D graphics, or scrolling video jukeboxes, etc. — you can bet that JavaScript is probably involved.

+ +

Learning pathway

+ +

JavaScript is arguably more difficult to learn than related technologies such as HTML and CSS. Before attempting to learn JavaScript, you are strongly advised to get familiar with at least these two technologies first, and perhaps others as well. Start by working through the following modules:

+ + + +

Having previous experience with other programming languages might also help.

+ +

After getting familiar with the basics of JavaScript, you should be in a position to learn about more advanced topics, for example:

+ + + +

Modules

+ +

This topic contains the following modules, in a suggested order for working through them.

+ +
+
JavaScript first steps
+
In our first JavaScript module, we first answer some fundamental questions such as "what is JavaScript?", "what does it look like?", and "what can it do?", before moving on to taking you through your first practical experience of writing JavaScript. After that, we discuss some key JavaScript features in detail, such as variables, strings, numbers and arrays.
+
JavaScript building blocks
+
In this module, we continue our coverage of all JavaScript's key fundamental features, turning our attention to commonly-encountered types of code block such as conditional statements, loops, functions, and events. You've seen this stuff already in the course, but only in passing — here we'll discuss it all explicitly.
+
Introducing JavaScript objects
+
In JavaScript, most things are objects, from core JavaScript features like strings and arrays to the browser APIs built on top of JavaScript. You can even create your own objects to encapsulate related functions and variables into efficient packages. The object-oriented nature of JavaScript is important to understand if you want to go further with your knowledge of the language and write more efficient code, therefore we've provided this module to help you. Here we teach object theory and syntax in detail, look at how to create your own objects, and explain what JSON data is and how to work with it.
+
Client-side web APIs
+
When writing client-side JavaScript for web sites or applications, you won't go very far before you start to use APIs — interfaces for manipulating different aspects of the browser and operating system the site is running on, or even data from other web sites or services. In this module we will explore what APIs are, and how to use some of the most common APIs you'll come across often in your development work. 
+
+ +

Solving common JavaScript problems

+ +

Use JavaScript to solve common problems provides links to sections of content explaining how to use JavaScript to solve very common problems when creating a webpage.

+ +

See also

+ +
+
JavaScript on MDN
+
The main entry point for core JavaScript documentation on MDN — this is where you'll find extensive reference docs on all aspects of the JavaScript language, and some advanced tutorials aimed at experienced JavaScripters.
+
Coding math
+
An excellent series of video tutorials to teach the math you need to understand to be an effective programmer, by Keith Peters.
+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/objects/index.html b/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/objects/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a81dfed71a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/objects/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +--- +title: Introducing JavaScript objects +slug: Learn/JavaScript/Objects +tags: + - Article + - Assessment + - Beginner + - CodingScripting + - Guide + - JavaScript + - Learn + - NeedsTranslation + - Objects + - TopicStub + - Tutorial +translation_of: Learn/JavaScript/Objects +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +

In JavaScript, most things are objects, from core JavaScript features like strings and arrays to the browser APIs built on top of JavaScript. You can even create your own objects to encapsulate related functions and variables into efficient packages, and act as handy data containers. The object-oriented nature of JavaScript is important to understand if you want to go further with your knowledge of the language, therefore we've provided this module to help you. Here we teach object theory and syntax in detail, then look at how to create your own objects.

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

Before starting this module, you should have some familiarity with HTML and CSS. You are advised to work through the Introduction to HTML and Introduction to CSS modules before starting on JavaScript.

+ +

You should also have some familiarity with JavaScript basics before looking at JavaScript objects in detail. Before attempting this module, work through JavaScript first steps and JavaScript building blocks.

+ +
+

Note: If you are working on a computer/tablet/other device where you don't have the ability to create your own files, you could try out (most of) the code examples in an online coding program such as JSBin or Thimble.

+
+ +

Guides

+ +
+
Object basics
+
In the first article looking at JavaScript objects, we'll look at fundamental JavaScript object syntax, and revisit some JavaScript features we've already looked at earlier on in the course, reiterating the fact that many of the features you've already dealt with are in fact objects.
+
Object-oriented JavaScript for beginners
+
With the basics out of the way, we'll now focus on object-oriented JavaScript (OOJS) — this article presents a basic view of object-oriented programming (OOP) theory, then explores how JavaScript emulates object classes via constructor functions, and how to create object instances.
+
Object prototypes
+
Prototypes are the mechanism by which JavaScript objects inherit features from one another, and they work differently to inheritance mechanisms in classical object-oriented programming languages. In this article we explore that difference, explain how prototype chains work, and look at how the prototype property can be used to add methods to existing constructors.
+
Inheritance in JavaScript
+
With most of the gory details of OOJS now explained, this article shows how to create "child" object classes (constructors) that inherit features from their "parent" classes. In addition, we present some advice on when and where you might use OOJS.
+
Working with JSON data
+
JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is a standard format for representing structured data as JavaScript objects, which is commonly used for representing and transmitting data on web sites (i.e. sending some data from the server to the client, so it can be displayed on a web page). You'll come across it quite often, so in this article we give you all you need to work with JSON using JavaScript, including accessing data items in a JSON object and writing your own JSON.
+
Object building practice
+
In previous articles we looked at all the essential JavaScript object theory and syntax details, giving you a solid base to start from. In this article we dive into a practical exercise, giving you some more practice in building custom JavaScript objects, which produce something fun and colorful — some colored bouncing balls.
+
+ +

Assessments

+ +
+
Adding features to our bouncing balls demo
+
In this assessment, you are expected to use the bouncing balls demo from the previous article as a starting point, and add some new and interesting features to it.
+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/objects/object-oriented_js/index.html b/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/objects/object-oriented_js/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4b891d60e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/learn/javascript/objects/object-oriented_js/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,284 @@ +--- +title: Object-orienterad JavaScript för nybörjare +slug: Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object-oriented_JS +tags: + - Artikel + - Create + - Instans + - JavaScript + - Kod + - Konstruktor + - Lära sig + - Nybörjare + - OOJS + - OOP + - Objekt + - Objekt Orienterat + - Skript + - '|10n:priority' +translation_of: Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object-oriented_JS +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +
{{PreviousMenuNext("Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Basics", "Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object_prototypes", "Learn/JavaScript/Objects")}}
+ +

Med grunderna ur vägen, kommer vi nu att fokusera på objektorienterad  JavaScript (OOJS) - den här artikeln presenterar teorinen för grundläggande syn på objektorienterad programmering (OOP), sedan förklarar vi hur JavaScript emulerar objektklasser via konstruktorfunktioner och hur man skapar objektinstanser.

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
Förutsättningar:Grundläggande datakunskap, en grundläggande förståelse för HTML och CSS, och JavaScript (se First steps och Building blocks) och OOJS grunderna (see Introduction to objects).
Mål:Att förstå den grundläggande teorin bakom objektorienterad programmering, hur detta relaterar till JavaScript ( "där allt är objekt"), och hur man skapar konstruktörer och objekt instanser.
+ +

Objektorienterad programmering från 10.000 meter

+ +

Till att börja med, låt oss ge dig en förenklad, hög nivå vy, över vad Objektorienterad programmering (OOP) är.Vi säger förenklat, eftersom OOP snabbt kan bli mycket komplicerat, och ge det en fullständig genomgång, hör och nu, skulle förmodligen förvirra mer än hjälp. Den grundläggande idén med OOP är att vi använder objekt för att modellera verkliga saker som vi vill representera i våra program, och/eller ge ett enkelt sätt att komma åt funktioner som annars skulle vara svårt eller omöjligt att använda sig av.

+ +

Objekt kan innehålla relaterade data och kod, som representerar information om det du försöker att modellera och funktionalitet eller beteende som du vill att den ska ha. Objektdata (och ofta, funktioner) kan lagras prydligt (det officiella order är inkapslad) i ett objekt paket(Som kan ges ett specifikt namn för att referera till, som ibland kallas ett namnutrymme ), vilket gör det lätt att strukturera och tillgång; objekt används också ofta som datalager som lätt kan skickas över nätverket.

+ +

Definiera en objekt mall

+ +

Låt oss betrakta ett enkelt program som visar information om elever och lärare på en skola. Här ska vi titta på OOP teorin i allmänhet, inte i samband med något specifik programmeringsspråk.

+ +

För att börja detta, skulle vi gå tillbaka till vår person objekttyp från vår första objekt artikel, som definierar den generiska data och funktionaliteten hos en person. Det finns massor av saker du kan veta om en person (sin adress, höjd, skostorlek, DNA-profil, passnummer , betydande personlighetsdrag ...), men i detta fall är vi bara intresserade av visar deras namn, ålder, kön och intressen. Vi vill också kunna skriva en kort introduktion om dem utifrån dessa data, och få dem att säga hej. Detta kallas abstraktion - att skapa en enkel modell av en mer komplex sak som representerar de viktigaste aspekterna på ett sätt som är lätt att arbeta med för vår programmets syften.

+ +

+ +

I vissa OOP språk är det denna generiska objekt typ definition, som kallas en klass (JavaScript använder en annan mekanism och terminologi, som du ser nedan) - vi ser inte på det som ett objekt, utan det en mall som definierar vilka egenskaper ett objekt borde ha.

+ +

Skapa faktiska objekt

+ +

Från vår klass, kan vi skapa objektinstanser - objekt som innehåller data och funktioner som definieras i klassen. Från vår Person klass, kan vi nu skapa några verkliga människor:

+ +

+ +

När ett objekt instans skapas från en klass, exekveras klassens konstruktorfunktion för att skapa den. Denna process för att skapa en objektinstans från en klass kallas instansiering - objektinstansen instansieras från klassen.

+ +

Specialist klasser

+ +

I det här fallet vill vi inte använda oss av generiska människor, istället, vill vi ha lärare och elever, som båda är specifika typer av människor. I OOP, kan vi skapa nya klasser baserade på andra klasser — dessa nya barn-klasser kan ärva data och kod egenskaper i en förälder-klass, så att du kan återanvända egenskaper som är gemensam för alla objekttyper i stället för att tvingas kopiera dem. Där egenskaperna skiljer sig mellan klasser, kan du definiera specialiserad funktionallitet direkt på dem, efter behov.

+ +

+ +

Detta är verkligen användbart - lärare och elever har många gemensamma egenskaper såsom namn, kön och ålder, så det är användbart att bara behöva definiera dessa egenskaper en gång. Du kan också definiera samma egenskap separat i olika klasser, eftersom varje definition av den egenskapen kommer att vara i ett annan namnområde. Till exempel kan en student hälsning ha formen "Yo, jag är [firstname ]" (t.ex. Yo, jag är Sam), medan en lärare kan använda något mer formell, till exempel "Hej, mitt namn [Prefix ] [lastname ], och jag undervisar [Subject]." (T.ex. Hej, mitt namn Mr Griffiths, och jag undervisar kemi).

+ +
+

Obs! Finare ord för möjligheten av flera objekttyper för att implementera samma egenskap är polymorfism.

+
+ +

Du kan nu skapa objektinstanser från dina barn-klasser. Till exempel:

+ +

+ +

I resten av artikeln kommer vi att börja titta på hur OOP teorin kan omsättas i praktiken i JavaScript.

+ +

Konstruktörer och objektinstanser

+ +

Somliga hävdar att JavaScript inte är ett sannt objektorienterat språk - till exempel har den inte en class uttalande för att skapa klasser som många OO språk. JavaScript använder istället specialfunktioner som kallas konstruktorfunktioner för att definiera objekt och deras egenskaper. De är användbara eftersom du ofta stöter på situationer där du inte vet hur många objekt du vill skapa; konstruktörer ger dig möjlighet att skapa så många objekt som du behöver på ett effektivt sätt, fästa data och funktioner till dem efter behov.

+ +

När ett nytt objekt instans skapas från en konstruktorfunktion är inta alla egenskaper kopierade över till det nya objektet som i "klassiska" OO språk — istället är egenskaperna kopplad via en referenskedja som kallas för prototypkedja
+ (se Object prototypes). Så det här är inte sant instansiering, strikt talat - JavaScript använder en annan mekanism för att dela egenskaper mellan objekt.

+ +
+

Obs! Att inte vara "klassiska OOP" är inte nödvändigtvis en dålig sak; som nämnts ovan, kan OOP snabbt bli myckt komplext och JavaScript har några trevliga sätt att dra nytta av OO egenskaper utan att behöva gå för mycket in på djupet.

+
+ +

Låt oss undersöka hur vi skapa klasser via konstruktörer och skapa objekt utifrån från dem i JavaScript. Först och främst vill vi dig att göra en ny lokal kopia av oojs.html file filen vi såg i vår första Objects artikeln.x

+ +

Ett enkelt exempel

+ +
    +
  1. Låt oss börja med att titta på hur du kan definiera en person med en normal funktion. Lägg till den här funktionen under den befintliga koden: + 
    function createNewPerson(name) {
+  var obj = {};
+  obj.name = name;
+  obj.greeting = function() {
+    alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name + '.');
+  };
+  return obj;
+}
    +
    2. +
  2. Du kan nu skapa en ny person genom att anropa den här funktionen - prova följande rader i webbläsarens JavaScript-konsol: + 
    var salva = createNewPerson('Salva');
+salva.name;
+salva.greeting();
    + Detta fungerar tillräckligt bra, men det är lite långtradigt; om vi vet att vi vill skapa ett objekt, varför måste vi uttryckligen skapa ett nytt tomt objekt och returnera den? Lyckligtvis get JavaScript oss en praktisk genväg i form av konstruktorfunktioner - låt oss skapa en nu!
    3. +
  3. Byt ut din tidigare funktion med följande: + 
    function Person(name) {
+  this.name = name;
+  this.greeting = function() {
+    alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name + '.');
+  };
+}
    +
    4. +
+ +

Konstruktorfunktionen är JavaScript's version av en klass. Du ser att den har alla egenskaper du förväntar dig av en funktion, även om den inte returnerar något eller uttryckligen skapa ett objekt— i princip bara definierar den egenskaper och metoder. Du ser också att nyckelordet this används här — I princip säger this att när ett av dessa objektinstanser skapas kommer objektets namn egendom vara lika med namn värdet som skickas till konstruktören via anfop och även greeting () metoden kommer också att använda namnets värde.

+ +
+

Obs! En konstruktörs funktionsnamn börjar oftast med stor bokstav - denna konvention används för att göra konstruktorfunktioner lättare att känna igen i kod.

+
+ +

Så hur ska vi kalla en konstruktör att skapa några objekt?

+ +
    +
  1. Lägg till följande rader under din tidigare kod inlägg: + 
    var person1 = new Person('Bob');
+var person2 = new Person('Sarah');
    +
    2. +
  2. Spara din kod och ladda om den i webbläsaren och försök att skriva in följande rader i din textinmatning : + 
    person1.name
+person1.greeting()
+person2.name
+person2.greeting()
    +
    3. +
+ +

Häftigt! Du kommer nu se att vi har två nya objekt på sidan, som vart och ett lagras under olika namnutrymmen - när du tillgår deras egenskaper och metoder, måste du anropa dem med person1 eller person2; De är prydligt bort packade så att de inte kollidera med andra funktioner. de har dock samma name egendom och greeting() metod tillgänglig. Obs tatt de använder sitt eget name värde som tilldelades till dem när de skapades; Detta är en anledning till varför det är mycket viktigt att använda this, så de kommer att använda sina egna värden, och inte något annat värde.

+ +

Låt oss titta på konstruktorfunktionens anrop igen:

+ +
var person1 = new Person('Bob');
+var person2 = new Person('Sarah');
+ +

I varje fall är det new nyckelordet som används för att tala om för webbläsaren vi vill skapa en ny objekt-instans, följt av funktionsnamnet med de nödvändiga parametrar som finns inom parentes, resultatet lagras sedan i en variabel - det liknar mycket hur en standard funktionen anropas. Varje instans skapas enligt denna definition:

+ +
function Person(name) {
+  this.name = name;
+  this.greeting = function() {
+    alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name + '.');
+  };
+}
+ +

Efter att de nya objekten har skapats, har person1 och Person2 variabler som innehåller följande objekt:

+ +
{
+  name: 'Bob',
+  greeting: function() {
+    alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name + '.');
+  }
+}
+
+{
+  name: 'Sarah',
+  greeting: function() {
+    alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name + '.');
+  }
+}
+ +

Observera att när vi kallar vår konstruktorfunktion vi definierar greeting() varje gång, vilket inte är idealiskt. För att undvika detta kan vi definiera funktioner på prototypen istället, som vi kommer att titta på senare.

+ +

Färdigtställ vår konstruktör

+ +

Exemplet vi tittade på ovan var bara ett enkelt exempel för att komma igång. Låt oss nu gå vidare och skapa vår sista person() konstruktorfunktion.

+ +
    +
  1. Ta bort koden du lagt in hittills, och lägg till denna konstruktör istället - den är exakt densamma som det enkla exempelet i princip, med lite mer komplexitet: + 
    function Person(first, last, age, gender, interests) {
+  this.name = {
+    first,
+    last
+  };
+  this.age = age;
+  this.gender = gender;
+  this.interests = interests;
+  this.bio = function() {
+    alert(this.name.first + ' ' + this.name.last + ' is ' + this.age + ' years old. He likes ' + this.interests[0] + ' and ' + this.interests[1] + '.');
+  };
+  this.greeting = function() {
+    alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name.first + '.');
+  };
+};
    +
    2. +
  2. För att skapa ett objekt instans, lägg in följande rad: + 
    var person1 = new Person('Bob', 'Smith', 32, 'male', ['music', 'skiing']);
    +
    3. +
+ +

You'll now see that you can access the properties and methods just like we did with the first object we defined:

+ +
person1['age']
+person1.interests[1]
+person1.bio()
+// etc.
+ +
+

Obs: Om du har problem med att få detta att fungera, försök jämföra koden mot vår version— se oojs-class-finished.html (live).

+
+ +

Further exercises

+ +

To start with, try adding a couple more object creation lines of your own, and try getting and setting the members of the resulting object instances.

+ +

In addition, there are a couple of problems with our bio() method — the output always includes the pronoun "He", even if your person is female, or some other preferred gender classification. And the bio will only include two interests, even if more are listed in the interests array. Can you work out how to fix this in the class definition (constructor)? You can put any code you like inside a constructor (you'll probably need a few conditionals and a loop). Think about how the sentences should be structured differently depending on gender, and depending on whether the number of listed interests is 1, 2, or more than 2.

+ +
+

Note: If you get stuck, we have provided an answer inside our GitHub repo (see it live) — try writing it yourself first though!

+
+ +

Andra sätt att skapa objektinstanser

+ +

Hittills har vi sett två olika sätt att skapa en objekt-instans — declaring an object literal, och med hjälp av en konstruktorfunktion (se ovan).

+ +

Dessa är korrekta, men det finns andra sätt - vi vill göra dig förtrogen med dessa om du stöter på dem i dina resor runt webben.

+ +

Object() Konstruktorn

+ +

Först av allt, kan du använda Object() konstruktorn för att skapa nya objekt . Ja, även generiska objekt har en konstruktör, som genererar ett tomt objekt.

+ +
    +
  1. Försök att skriva in detta i din webbläsares JavaScript-konsol: + 
    var person1 = new Object();
    +
    2. +
  2. Detta lagrar ett tomt objekt i person1 variabeln. Du kan sedan lägga till egenskaper och metoder till detta objekt med hjälp av dot eller konsolnotation såsom önskas; prova dessa exempel: + 
    person1.name = 'Chris';
+person1['age'] = 38;
+person1.greeting = function() {
+  alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name + '.');
+};
    +
    3. +
  3. Du kan också skicka en objektlitteral till Object() konstruktören som en paramete, för att på förhand fylla den med egenskaper/metoder. Prova detta: + 
    var person1 = new Object({
+  name: 'Chris',
+  age: 38,
+  greeting: function() {
+    alert('Hi! I\'m ' + this.name + '.');
+  }
+});
    +
    4. +
+ +

Använda create() methoden

+ +

JavaScript har en inbyggd metod som kallas create(), som låter dig skapa en ny objekt-instans baserat på ett befintligt objekt.

+ +
    +
  1. Prova detta i JavaScript-konsolen: + 
    var person2 = Object.create(person1);
    +
    2. +
  2. Proba nu dessa: + 
    person2.name
+person2.greeting()
    +
    3. +
+ +

Du ser att person2 har skapats baserat på person1 - det har samma egenskaper och metoder som finns tillgängliga för den. Detta är ganska användbart, eftersom det tillåter dig att skapa nya objektinstanser utan att behöva definiera en konstruktör.  Dessutom ger konstruktörer din kod mer ordning - du kan skapa dina konstruktörer på ett ställe, sedan skapa de instanser som behövs, på så sätt är det tydligt var de kommer ifrån.

+ +

Nackdelen är att create()stöds inte av IE8. Så konstruktörer kanske inte är rätt väg att gå om du vill stödja äldre webbläsare, eller om du behöver bara ett par kopior av ett objekt. Det är upp till dig vad du föredrar. Vissa tycker helt enkelt att create() är enklare att förstå och använda.

+ +

Vi kommer att undersöka effekterna av create() i mer detalj senare.

+ +

Sammanfattning

+ +

Denna artikel har gett en förenklad bild av objektorienterad teori - detta är inte hela historien, men det ger dig en uppfattning om vad vi har att göra med här. Dessutom har vi börjat titta på hur JavaScript relaterar och hur det skiljer sig från "klassiska OOP". Samt hur man skapar klasser i JavaScript med hjälp av konstruktorfunktioner och olika sätt att generera objektinstanser .

+ +

I nästa artikel kommer vi att undersöka JavaScript Object prototyper.

+ +

{{PreviousMenuNext("Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Basics", "Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object_prototypes", "Learn/JavaScript/Objects")}}

diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/community/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/community/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ab5942bf81 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/community/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +--- +title: Join the MDN Web Docs community +slug: MDN/Community +tags: + - Guide + - Landar + - MDN Meta + - Mötesplats +translation_of: MDN/Community +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
+ +
{{IncludeSubnav("/en-US/docs/MDN")}}
+ +
+

MDN Web Docs är mer än en wiki: Det är en mötesplats för utvecklare som arbetar tillsammans för att göra MDN till en enastående resurs till utvecklarna som använder öppna webb-teknologier.

+
+ +

We'd love it if you contribute to MDN, but we'd love it even more if you participate in the MDN community. Here's how to get connected, in three easy steps:

+ +
    +
  1. Skapa ett MDN-konto.
    2. +
  2. Gå med i konversationer.
    3. +
  3. Följ det som händer.
    4. +
+ +

Så här fungerar mötesplatsen

+ +

The following are more articles that describe the community of MDN.

+ +
+
+
+
Community roles
+
There are a number of roles within the MDN community that have specific responsibilities.
+
Doc sprints
+
This is a guide to organizing a documentation sprint. It contains advice and tips from people who have organized doc sprints, to help you in organizing one, too.
+
Följ det som händer
+
MDN is brought to you by the Mozilla Developer Network community. Here are some ways to that we share information about what we're doing.
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
+
+
MDN community conversations
+
The "work" of MDN happens on the MDN site, but the "community" also happens through (asynchronous) discussion and (synchronous) online chat and meetings.
+
Arbeta i mötesplatsen
+
A major part of contributing to MDN documentation on any significant scale is knowing how to work as part of the MDN community. This article offers tips to help you make the most of your interactions with both other writers and with development teams.
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/getting_started/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/getting_started/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1fba697ffc --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/getting_started/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ +--- +title: Kom igång på MDN +slug: MDN/Contribute/Getting_started +tags: + - Guide + - Introduktion + - Kom igång + - MDN Meta + - Nybörjare +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Getting_started +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
{{IncludeSubnav("/en-US/docs/MDN")}}
+ +

Vi är en öppen grupp av utvecklare och skribenter som bygger resurser för en bättre Web, oberoende av värumärke, webläsare eller platform. Alla kan bidra och varje person som bidrar gör oss starkare. Tillsammans kan vi fortsätta driva innovation på Webben för allmänhetens bästa. Det börjar här, med dig.

+ +

Varje del av MDN (från koden som gör sidan att fungerar till dokumentation, kodexempel och demos) är skapad av en community av utvecklare och skribenter. Alla har någonting att erbjuda, och vi hoppas att du vill bli en del av det!

+ +

3 Enkla steg till MDN

+ +

MDN är en wiki, där alla kan lägga till och redigera innehåll. Du behöver inte vara en utvecklare eller veta allt om olika teknologier. Det finns mycket som ska göras, från enkla uppgifter såsom att korrekturläsa och rätta felstavningar till mera komplexa uppdrag som att skriva API-dokumentation. Denna guide kommer att hjälpa dig att komma igång och leda dig till att hitta sätt du kan hjälpa till med att förbättra MDNs innehåll. 

+ +

Att bidra är enkelt och tryggt. Även om du gör ett misstag, det är lättfixad; om du vet inte precis hur saker och ting ska se ut, eller om din grammatik inte är felfri, det är lugnt! Vi har ett team som ser till att innehållet på MDN är så bra som möjligt. Någon kommer att gå igenom det du har gjort och säkerställa att det blir snyggt och välskrivet. Dela vad du kan och följ dina styrkor, och lita på vår community att hjälpa med att göra ditt bidrag ännu bättre.

+ +

Steg 1: Skapa ett MDN konto

+ +

För att börja bidra till MDN behöver du ett konto hos oss. För mer information se hur man skapar ett konto. Tänk på att du kommer att behöva ett GitHub-konto innan du kan skapa ett MDN-konto eftersom vi använder GitHub för autentisering för tillfället.

+ +

Steg 2: Välj en uppgift

+ +

Nu när du är inloggad, du kan läsa beskrivningen för olika typer av uppgifter i  {{anch("Möjliga uppgiftsstyper", "listan nedan")}}, och välj den som tilltalar dig mest. Du kan välja vilken uppgift du vill och komma igång med din bidrag.

+ +

Om din uppgift kräver att du skapar nya sidor, se {{SectionOnPage("/en-US/docs/MDN/Contribute/Howto/Create_and_edit_pages", "Getting page creation permissions")}} för viktig information om hur man får behörighet att lägga till nya sidor; som en säkerhetsåtgärd, nya konton har inte denna behörighet som standard.

+ +

Steg 3: Gör uppgiften

+ +

När du har valt vilken typ av uppgift du vill göra, hitta en specifik sida, kodexempel, etc att jobba på, och bara gör det! 

+ +

Bryr dig inte om att det måste bli perfekt; andra MDN bidragsgivare är här för att fixa alla dessa småfel som slinker igenom. Om du har frågor under tiden, se Community-sidan för info om mailinglistor och chattkanaler där du kan få svar.

+ +
+

Om du vill prova på att redigera på MDN innan du gör någonting "på riktigt". vi har en Sandbox sida för dig att leka med. Vänligen begränsa din experimentering till denna sida. Vänligen gör inga onödiga ändraingar till innehållssidor bara för att se vad som kommer att hända; det blir en röra för andra att städa upp eller, värre, det blir förvirrande för läsare som vill bara lära sig någonting eller leta upp någonting. 

+
+ +

När du är klar med uppgiften du har valt, kan du alltid välja en till, eller se nedan vilka andra saker du kan göra på MDN.

+ +

Möjliga uppgiftsstyper

+ +

Det finns flera sätt att bidra till MDN beroende på din kompetens- eller intresseområde. Även om vissa uppgifter kan vara lite skrämmande, har vi många enklare aktiviteter tillgängliga också. Vissa kräver bara fem minuter (eller mindre!) av din tid. Nedan kan du hitta en lista av uppgifter, inklusive en beskrivning och en tidsuppskattning som uppgiften brukar ta.

+ +

Val 1: Jag gillar ord                                                                                                                      

+ +

Du kan hjälpa oss korrekturläsa eller redigera olika befintliga dokument, och lägga till lämpliga tags till dom.

+ + + +
Om du redigerar artiklar eller skriver nya, vänligen läs Stilguiden. Det kommer att hjälpa säkerställa att artiklar är konsekventa.
+ +

Val 2: Jag gillar kod

+ +

Vi behöver flera kodexempel! Du kan också hjälpa oss bygga vår platform, Kuma, eller hjälpa oss fylla ut vår databas av webbläsarkompatibilitetsdata. 

+ + + +

Val 3: Jag gillar både ord och kod

+ +

Vi har uppgifter som kräver både teknisk- och språkkompetens som att skriva ny artiklar, granska för teknisk noggranhet eller anpassa dokumentation.

+ + + +

Val 4: Jag vill ha MDN på mitt språk

+ +

All lokaliserings- och översättningsarbete hos MDN görs av vår fantastiska community av volontärer.

+ + + +

Val 5: Jag hittade felaktig information men jag vet inte hur jag kan fixa det

+ +

Du kan rapportera problem genom att lämna in en dokumentationsbugg. (5 minuter)

+ +

Annat du kan göra på MDN

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/howto/create_an_mdn_account/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/howto/create_an_mdn_account/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0fcf7d0a6c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/howto/create_an_mdn_account/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +--- +title: Hur du skapar MDN Konto +slug: MDN/Contribute/Howto/Create_an_MDN_account +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Howto/Create_an_MDN_account +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
+ +

To edit content on MDN, you need an MDN profile. You don't need a profile if you only want to read and search the MDN docs. This guide will help you set up your MDN profile.

+ +
+
Why does MDN need my email address?
+
+Your email address is used for account recovery and, if needed, by MDN administrators to contact you about your account or your activity on the site.
+
+In addition, you can sign up for notifications (such as when specific pages are changed) and messages (for example, if you opt to join our beta testing team, you might receive emails about new features that need testing).
+
+Your email address is never displayed on MDN and will be used only in accordance with our privacy policy.
+ +
If you log in to MDN via GitHub, and you use a "noreply" email address on GitHub, you will not receive messages (including notifications when you subscribe to pages) from MDN.
+
+
+ +
    +
  1. At the top of every page on MDN you'll find a button labeled Sign in. Point your mouse at this (or tap on it, if you're on a mobile device) to display a list of the authentication services we support for signing in to MDN.
    2. +
  2. Select a service to sign in with. Currently, only GitHub is available. Note that if you select GitHub, a link to your GitHub profile will be included on your public MDN profile page.
    3. +
  3. Follow GitHub's prompts to connect your account to MDN.
    4. +
  4. Once the authentication service returns you to MDN, you'll be prompted to enter a username and email address. Your username will be displayed publicly to credit you for the work you've done. Do not use your email address as your username.
    5. +
  5. Click Create my MDN profile.
    6. +
  6. If the email address you specified in step 4 isn't the same one you use with the authentication service, please check your email and click the link in the confirmation email we send you.
    7. +
+ +

That's it! You've got an MDN account, and you can immediately edit pages!

+ +

You can click on your name at the top of any MDN page to see your public profile. From there, you can click Edit to make changes or additions to your profile.

+ +
+

New usernames can't contain spaces or the "@" character. Keep in mind that your username will be displayed publicly to identify the work you've done.

+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/howto/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/howto/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..782028400e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/howto/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +--- +title: 'MDN web docs: How-to guides' +slug: MDN/Contribute/Howto +tags: + - Documentation + - Landing + - MDN Meta + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Howto +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
{{IncludeSubnav("/en-US/docs/MDN")}}
+ +

These articles provide step-by-step guides to accomplishing specific goals when contributing to MDN.

+ +

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f09bc1a586 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +--- +title: Bidra till MDN +slug: MDN/Contribute +tags: + - Guider + - Landing + - MDN Meta + - TopicStub +translation_of: MDN/Contribute +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
+ +
{{IncludeSubnav("/sv-SE/docs/MDN")}}
+ +

Välkommen! Genom att besöka denna sida har du tagit det första steget för att bli en bidragsgivare för MDN. Guiderna som finns här täcker alla aspekter för att vara med och bidra i MDN. Detta inkluderar stil-guider och guider för hur du använder våra redigeringsverktyg m.m. Se till att du har läst (och följer) Mozillas Villkor före du redigerar eller skapar några sidor.

+ +

Om du inte har bidragit till MDN förut så kan Getting Started-guiden hjälpa dig att välja en uppgift att hoppa in och hjälpa till med.

+ +
+ +

{{LandingPageListSubPages()}}

diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/localize/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/localize/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..fff4c53f32 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/localize/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +--- +title: Localizing MDN +slug: MDN/Contribute/Localize +tags: + - Landing + - Localization + - MDN Meta + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - l10n +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Localize +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
{{IncludeSubnav("/en-US/docs/MDN")}}
+ +

MDN is used by people all over the world as a reference and guide to Web technologies, as well as to the internals of Firefox itself. Our localization communities are a key part of the Mozilla project; their work in translating and localizing our documentation helps people around the world develop for the open Web. If you'd like to learn more about localization, or even start a new localization, this is the place to begin.

+ +

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

+ +

Localization communities on MDN

+ +

Localization activities on MDN are done both by individuals acting independently, and by groups working together, possibly as part of a larger Mozilla localization community. Localization projects on MDN are led by Localization drivers.

+ + + +

Localization tools

+ +

There are several useful tools that you'll use during localization work:

+ +
+
Verbatim
+
Used for translation of strings across multiple Mozilla projects, including the MDN user interface (as well as the Firefox user interface).
+
Transvision
+
A utility provided by Mozilla France, which lets you search for occurrences of an English string, finding all the various translations into a target locale that are used throughout Mozilla code. Useful for finding the preferred translations for words or phrases.
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/localize/translating_pages/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/localize/translating_pages/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f542c51f9d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/contribute/localize/translating_pages/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +--- +title: Översätta MDN-sidor +slug: MDN/Contribute/Localize/Translating_pages +tags: + - Sidöversättning +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Localize/Translating_pages +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}

Denna artikel är en grundläggande guide för översättning av innehåll på MDN, som tar upp både tekniken kring översättningsarbetet och tips på det korrekta sättet att hantera olika typer av innehåll.

+ +

Påbörja översättning av en sida

+ +

Följ de här stegen när du stöter på en sida som du skulle vilja översätta till ditt språk:

+ +
    +
  1. Klicka på Språk-ikonen ({{FontAwesomeIcon("icon-globe")}}) för att öppna menyn för Språk och klicka på Lägg till en översättning. Du hamnar då på sidan Välj Språk.
    2. +
  2. Klicka på det språk som du vill översätta sidan till. Vyn Översätter artikel öppnas med originalspråkets text på vänster sida av vyn.
    3. +
  3. Under Översätt beskrivning kan du översätta titeln och även sluggen (frivilligt), till målspråket. Sluggen är den sista delen av en sidas URL (till exempel "Translating_pages" för denna artikel.) Vissa språkgemenskaper översätter inte sluggen, utan låter den vara samma som på engelska. Jämför med andra artiklar på ditt språk för att avgöra vad som är praxis. Du kan klicka på minustecknet bredvid Översätt beskrivning för att dölja denna information när du är klar med den, för att göra mer plats för Översätt innehåll-sektionen.
    4. +
  4. Översätt sidans innehåll under Översätt innehåll.
    5. +
  5. Fyll i åtminstone en tagg för sidan.
    6. +
  6. Klicka på Spara ändringar när du är färdig.
    7. +
+ +
Note: The user interface elements of the Translating Article view are initially shown in English. On subsequent visits to translate a particular article, the UI is shown in the appropriate language if a localization of MDN is available for that language. The MDN user interface can be localized using Verbatim. See Localizing with Verbatim for details on how to use this tool.
+ +

Redigera en sida som är översatt

+ + + +

Om den engelska versionen har ändrats sedan översättningen senast uppdaterades, kommer Översätter artikel-vyn att visa en källnivå-"diff" på ändringarna i den engelska versionen. Detta hjälper dig att se vad som behöver uppdateras i översättningen.

+ +

Översätta taggar

+ +

Det är viktigt att varje sida är taggad med minst en tagg. Även om det är översättning. I regel är det en bra idé att använda samma taggar som originalartikeln.

+ +

Vissa taggar används för sökfilter, eller som sedvänja mellan bidragare. Dessa bör inte översättas. För att veta vilka dessa är, läs tagging standards. Du kan också skapa översatta taggar för att gruppera innehåll, om detta inte täcks av någon av standardens taggar.

+ +

Tips för nya lokaliserare

+ +

Om du är nybörjare inom lokalisering på MDN kommer här några förslag:

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/mdn/index.html b/files/sv-se/mdn/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a494520cf5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/mdn/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +--- +title: The MDN project +slug: MDN +tags: + - Landing + - MDN Meta + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: MDN +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
+ +

Nätverket för Mozilla-utvecklare (MDN) är en wiki där vi dokumenterar det öppna nätet, Mozilla-teknologier, Firefox OS, och andra ämnen för utveckling. Alla är välkomna att lägga till och redigera innehåll. Du behöver inte vara en programmerare eller kunna mycket om teknik; det finns många olika uppgifter så behöver utföras, från det enkla (korrekturläsning och att rätta till stavfel) till det komplexa (att skriva API-dokumentation).

+ +
+

Målet för MDN-projektet är att dokumentera den öppna delen av internet, Mozilla-teknologier och Mozilla-projekten. Vi bjuder in dig att hjälpa till!

+
+ +

Vi behöver din hjälp! Det är enkelt. Oroa dig inte om att fråga om tillåtelse eller för att göra misstag. Å andra sidan så får du gärna lära känna MDN-sällskapet; vi finns här för att hjälpa dig! The documentation below should get you started, but don't hesitate to join the discussion in MDN Web Docs.

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/tools/index.html b/files/sv-se/tools/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..be281da2bd --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/tools/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ +--- +title: Firefox Developer Tools +slug: Tools +tags: + - Guide + - Utvecklar Mozilla + - Verktyg + - Webbutveckling + - 'Webbutveckling:Verktyg' + - 'l10n:prioritet' +translation_of: Tools +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

Examine, edit, and debug HTML, CSS, and JavaScript on the desktop and on mobile.

+ +

If you are looking for information on using the web developer tools available in Firefox, you've come to the right place — this page provides links to detailed information on all of the core tools and additional tools, and further information such as how to connect to and debug Firefox for Android, how to extend the devtools, and how to debug the browser as a whole.

+ +

Please explore the links found in the sidebar, and further down the page. If you have any feedback or questions about the devtools, send us messages on our mailing list or IRC channel (see the community links near the bottom of the page). If you have any feedback or questions specifically about the documentation, the MDN discourse is a good place to post.

+ +
+

Note: If you are just getting started with web development and using developer tools, our learning web development docs will help you — see Getting started with the Web and What are browser developer tools? for good starting points.

+
+ +

The Core Tools

+ +

You can open the Firefox Developer Tools from the menu by selecting Tools > Web Developer > Toggle Tools or use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Shift + I or F12 on Windows and Linux, or Cmd + Opt + I on macOS.

+ +

The ellipsis menu on the right-hand side of Developer Tools, contains several commands that let you perform actions or change tool settings.

+ +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
This button only appears when there are multiple iframes on a page. Click it to display a list of the iframes on the current page and select the one with which you want to work.
Click this button to take a screenshot of the current page. (Note: This feature is not turned on by default and must be enabled in settings before the icon will appear.)
Toggles Responsive Design Mode.
Opens the menu that includes docking options, the ability to show or hide the split console, and Developer Tools settings. The menu also includes links to the documentation for Firefox Web Tools and the Mozilla Community.
Closes the Developer Tools
+ +
+
+

Page Inspector

+ +

The all-new Inspector panel in Firefox 57.

+ +

View and edit page content and layout. Visualise many aspects of the page including the box model, animations, and grid layouts.

+
+ +
+

Web Console

+ +

The all-new Console in Firefox 57.

+ +

See messages logged by a web page and interact with the page using JavaScript.

+
+
+ +
+
+

JavaScript Debugger

+ +

The all-new Firefox 57 Debugger.html

+ +

Stop, step through, examine, and modify the JavaScript running in a page.

+
+ +
+

Network Monitor

+ +

The Network panel in Firefox 57 DevTools.

+ +

See the network requests made when a page is loaded.

+
+
+ +
+
+

Performance Tools

+ +

Performance Tools in Firefox 57 Developer Tools

+ +

Analyze your site's general responsiveness, JavaScript, and layout performance.

+
+ +
+

Responsive Design Mode

+ +

Responsive Design mode in Firefox 57.

+ +

See how your website or app will look and behave on different devices and network types.

+
+
+ +
+
+

Accessibility inspector

+ +

Performance Tools in Firefox 57 Developer Tools

+ +

Provides a means to access the page's accessibility tree, allowing you to check what's missing or otherwise needs attention.

+
+ +
+
+ +
+

Note: The collective term for the UI inside which the DevTools all live is the Toolbox.

+
+ +

More Tools

+ +

These developer tools are also built into Firefox. Unlike the "Core Tools" above, you might not use them every day.

+ +
+
+
Memory
+
Figure out which objects are keeping memory in use.
+
Storage Inspector
+
Inspect cookies, local storage, indexedDB, and session storage present in a page.
+
DOM Property Viewer
+
Inspect the page's DOM properties, functions, etc.
+
Eyedropper
+
Select a color from the page.
+
Scratchpad
+
A text editor built into Firefox that lets you write and execute JavaScript.
+
Style Editor
+
View and edit CSS styles for the current page.
+
Taking screenshots
+
Take a screenshot of the entire page or of a single element.
+
Measure a portion of the page
+
Measure a specific area of a web page.
+
Rulers
+
Overlay horizontal and vertical rulers on a web page
+
+
+ +
+
+

+ +

For the latest developer tools and features, try Firefox Developer Edition.

+ +

Download Firefox Developer Edition

+
+ +
+
+ +

Connecting the Developer Tools

+ +

If you open the developer tools using keyboard shortcuts or the equivalent menu items, they'll target the document hosted by the currently active tab. But you can attach the tools to a variety of other targets, too, both within the current browser and in different browsers or even different devices.

+ +
+
+
about:debugging
+
Debug add-ons, content tabs, and workers running in the browser.
+
Connecting to Firefox for Android
+
Connect the developer tools to an instance of Firefox running on an Android device.
+
Connecting to iframes
+
Connect the developer tools to a specific iframe in the current page.
+
Connecting to other browsers
+
Connect the developer tools to Chrome on Android and Safari on iOS.
+
+
+ +

Debugging the browser

+ +

By default, the developer tools are attached to a web page or web app. But you can also connect them to the browser as a whole. This is useful for browser and add-on development.

+ +
+
+
Browser Console
+
See messages logged by the browser itself and by add-ons, and run JavaScript code in the browser's scope.
+
Browser Toolbox
+
Attach the Developer Tools to the browser itself.
+
+
+ +

Extending the devtools

+ +

For information on extending the Firefox DevTools, see Extending the developer tools over in the Browser Extensions section of MDN.

+ +

Migrating from Firebug

+ +

Firebug has come to the end of its lifespan (see Firebug lives on in Firefox DevTools for details of why), and we appreciate that some people will find migrating to another less familiar set of DevTools to be challenging. To ease a transition from Firebug to the Firefox developer tools, we have written a handy guide — Migrating from Firebug.

+ +

Contribute

+ +

If you want to help improve the developer tools, these resources will get you started.

+ +
+
+
Get Involved
+
Our developer documentation explains how to get involved.
+
bugs.firefox-dev.tools
+
A tool helping to find bugs to work on.
+
+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/tools/prestanda/index.html b/files/sv-se/tools/prestanda/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bf668f8bb1 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/tools/prestanda/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +--- +title: Prestanda +slug: Tools/Prestanda +translation_of: Tools/Performance +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}

Prestandaverktyget ger dig insikt i din sidas allmäna tillgänglighet, JavaScript- och layoutprestanda. Med Prestandaverktyget kan du skapa en inspelning, eller profil, av din sida över en tidsperiod. Verktyget visar dig en översikt av de saker webbläsare gjorde för att rendera din sida över profilen, och en graf av bildhastighet över profilen.

+ +

Du får tre sidoverktyg för att undersöka olika lägen av profilen i mer detalj:

+ + + +

{{EmbedYouTube("WBmttwfA_k8")}}

+ +
+

Komma igång

+ +
+
+
+
Användargränsnittsguide
+
+

En snabbguide av användargränsnittet för att hitta runt i Prestandaverktyget.

+
+
+
+ +
+
+
Hur man
+
Standarduppgifter: öppna verktyget, skapa, spara, ladda, och konfigurera inspelningar.
+
+
+
+ +
+

Prestandaverktygets komponenter

+ +
+
+
+
Bildhastighet
+
Förstå din sidas generella tillgänglighet.
+
Anropsträd
+
Hitta flaskhalsar i din sidas JavaScript.
+
+
+ +
+
+
Vattenfall
+
Förstå vad webbläsaren gör medan användaren interagerar med din sida.
+
Eldtabellen
+
Se vilken JavaScripts-funktion som utförs, och när, under tiden för inspelningen.
+
 
+
+
+
+ +
+

Scenarier

+ +
+
+
+
Animera CSS-egenskaper
+
Använder Vattenfall för att förstå hur webbläsaren uppdaterar en sida, och hur animeringen av olika CSS-egenskaper kan påverka prestandan.
+
 
+
+
+ +
+
+
Intensiv JavaScript
+
Använder bildhastighet och Vattenfallsvertygen för att framhäva prestanda problem orsakade av långvarig JavaScript, och hur användning av arbetare kan hjälpa i denna situation.
+
+
+
+ +

 

+ +
+
+
 
+
+
+ +

 

diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/filereader/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/filereader/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..89ebf980cd --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/filereader/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ +--- +title: FileReader +slug: Web/API/FileReader +tags: + - API + - File API + - Files + - Interface + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/API/FileReader +--- +
{{APIRef("File API")}}
+ +

Objektet FileReader låter webbapplikationer asynkroniserat läsa innehåll i filer sparade på användarens dator. Man använder objekten {{domxref("File")}} eller {{domxref("Blob")}} för att specificera filerna eller datan som ska läsas.

+ +

Objekt av typen File kan man få av från ett FileList-objekt till följd av att användaren har valt en fil med {{HTMLElement("input")}}, en drag-och-släpp-operations DataTransfer-objekt, eller från API:et mozGetAsFile() på ett {{domxref("HTMLCanvasElement")}}.

+ +

{{AvailableInWorkers}}

+ +

Konstruktor

+ +
+
{{domxref("FileReader.FileReader", "FileReader()")}}
+
Returnerar en nykonstruerad FileReader.
+
+ +

Se Using files from web applications för detaljer och exempel (på engelska).

+ +

Egenskaper

+ +
+
{{domxref("FileReader.error")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Ett {{domxref("DOMException")}} som representerar ett fel som uppstod vid inläsning av filen.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.readyState")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Ett nummer som indikerar vilket stadie FileReader-objektet är i. Följande värden finns: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
EMPTY0Ingen data har laddats ännu.
LOADING1Datan laddas just nu.
DONE2Hela läsförfrågningen är klar.
+
+
{{domxref("FileReader.result")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Filens innehåll. Denna egenskap är endast giltlig när operationen är färdig. Formatet på datan beror på vilken metod som användes för att initiera läsoperationen.
+
+ +

Händelsehanterare

+ +
+
{{domxref("FileReader.onabort")}}
+
Hanterar händelsen {{event("abort")}}. Denna händelse aktiveras varje gång läsoperationen avbryts.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.onerror")}}
+
A handler for the {{event("error")}} event. This event is triggered each time the reading operation encounter an error.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.onload")}}
+
A handler for the {{event("load")}} event. This event is triggered each time the reading operation is successfully completed.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.onloadstart")}}
+
A handler for the {{event("loadstart")}} event. This event is triggered each time the reading is starting.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.onloadend")}}
+
A handler for the {{event("loadend")}} event. This event is triggered each time the reading operation is completed (either in success or failure).
+
{{domxref("FileReader.onprogress")}}
+
A handler for the {{event("progress")}} event. This event is triggered while reading a {{domxref("Blob")}} content.
+
+ +
+

As FileReader inherits from {{domxref("EventTarget")}}, all those events can also be listened for by using the {{domxref("EventTarget.addEventListener()","addEventListener")}} method.

+
+ +

Methods

+ +
+
{{domxref("FileReader.abort()")}}
+
Aborts the read operation. Upon return, the readyState will be DONE.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.readAsArrayBuffer()")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("7.0")}}
+
Starts reading the contents of the specified {{domxref("Blob")}}, once finished, the result attribute contains an {{domxref("ArrayBuffer")}} representing the file's data.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.readAsBinaryString()")}}
+
Starts reading the contents of the specified {{domxref("Blob")}}, once finished, the result attribute contains the raw binary data from the file as a string.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.readAsDataURL()")}}
+
Starts reading the contents of the specified {{domxref("Blob")}}, once finished, the result attribute contains a data: URL representing the file's data.
+
{{domxref("FileReader.readAsText()")}}
+
Starts reading the contents of the specified {{domxref("Blob")}}, once finished, the result attribute contains the contents of the file as a text string.
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName("File API", "#dfn-filereader", "FileReader")}}{{Spec2("File API")}}Initial definition
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +

{{Compat("api.FileReader")}}

+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/filereader/readasdataurl/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/filereader/readasdataurl/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b7e4849bb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/filereader/readasdataurl/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +--- +title: FileReader.readAsDataURL() +slug: Web/API/FileReader/readAsDataURL +translation_of: Web/API/FileReader/readAsDataURL +--- +

Metoden readAsDataURL används för att läsa innehållet i en specificerad {{domxref("Blob")}} eller {{domxref("File")}}. När läsningen har slutförts, så blir {{domxref("FileReader.readyState","readyState")}} DONE, och {{event("loadend")}} utlöses. Vid den tidpunkten så innehåller attributet {{domxref("FileReader.result","result")}} datan som en data: URL som representerar filens data som en base64-kodad textsträng.

+ +
+

Märk: filens {{domxref("FileReader.result","result")}} resulterar i en textsträng som ej direkt kan avkodas som Base64. För att få ut bara en Base64-kodad textsträng, måste du ta bort data:*/*;base64, från textsträngen.

+
+ +

Syntax

+ +
instanceOfFileReader.readAsDataURL(blob);
+ +

Parametrar

+ +
+
blob
+
Den {{domxref("Blob")}} eller {{domxref("File")}} som ska läsas från.
+
+ +

Exempel

+ +

HTML

+ +
<input type="file" onchange="previewFile()"><br>
+<img src="" height="200" alt="Image preview...">
+ +

JavaScript

+ +
function previewFile() {
+  var preview = document.querySelector('img');
+  var file    = document.querySelector('input[type=file]').files[0];
+  var reader  = new FileReader();
+
+  reader.addEventListener("load", function () {
+    preview.src = reader.result;
+  }, false);
+
+  if (file) {
+    reader.readAsDataURL(file);
+  }
+}
+ +

Live Result

+ +

{{EmbedLiveSample("Example", "100%", 240)}}

+ +

Exempel - läsa flera filer

+ +

HTML

+ +
<input id="browse" type="file" onchange="previewFiles()" multiple>
+<div id="preview"></div>
+ +

JavaScript

+ +
function previewFiles() {
+
+  var preview = document.querySelector('#preview');
+  var files   = document.querySelector('input[type=file]').files;
+
+  function readAndPreview(file) {
+
+    // Se till att `file.name` matchar våra fil-extensions kriteria
+    if ( /\.(jpe?g|png|gif)$/i.test(file.name) ) {
+      var reader = new FileReader();
+
+      reader.addEventListener("load", function () {
+        var image = new Image();
+        image.height = 100;
+        image.title = file.name;
+        image.src = this.result;
+        preview.appendChild( image );
+      }, false);
+
+      reader.readAsDataURL(file);
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  if (files) {
+    [].forEach.call(files, readAndPreview);
+  }
+
+}
+
+ +
Märk: Konstruktorn för FileReader() stöddes inte av Internet Explorer i versionerna innan 10. För en full kompatibilitetskod kan du gärna gå till crossbrowser möjlig lösning för bild förhandsvisning. Se också detta kraftfullare exempel.
+ +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationStatusKommentar
{{SpecName("File API", "#FileReader-interface", "FileReader")}}{{Spec2("File API")}}Första definitionen
+ +

Webbläsar kompatibilitet

+ + + +

{{Compat("api.FileReader.readAsDataURL")}}

+ +

Se även

+ + + +
{{APIRef("File API")}}
diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..33af530f64 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +--- +title: 'Web API:er' +slug: Web/API +tags: + - API + - DOM + - JavaScript + - Referens + - Web + - Översikt +translation_of: Web/API +--- +

När du skriver kod för webben med javascript, finns det en mängd olika API:er tillgänliga. Nedan är en lista övar alla gränssnitt (det vill säga, typer av objekt) som du kan använda i samband med utvecklingen av din Web app eller webbplats.

+ +
{{APIListAlpha}}
diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/kryptonyckel/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/kryptonyckel/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..98e7039877 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/kryptonyckel/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ +--- +title: KryptoNyckel +slug: Web/API/KryptoNyckel +tags: + - API + - Gränssnitt + - Kryptering + - Referenser + - Webb Krypto API +translation_of: Web/API/CryptoKey +--- +

{{APIRef("Web Crypto API")}}

+ +

KryptoNyckelns gränssnitt representerar en kryptografisk {{glossary("key")}} deriverad från en specifik nyckelalgoritm.

+ +

Ett KryptoNyckel objekt kan erhållas med användning av {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.generateKey()")}}, {{domxref("SubtleCrypto.deriveKey()")}} eller{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.importKey()")}}

+ +

Egenskaper

+ +

Detta gränssnitt ärar inte någon egendom.

+ +
+
{{domxref("CryptoKey.type")}}
+
Returnerar ett uppräknat värde som representerar typ av nyckel, en hemlig nyckel (för symmetrisk algoritm), en offentlig eller en privat nyckel (för en asymmetrisk algoritm)
+
{{domxref("CryptoKey.extractable")}}
+
Returnerar en {{jsxref("Boolean")}} Indikerar om den råa informationen kan exporteras till ansökan eller inte.
+
{{domxref("CryptoKey.algorithm")}}
+
Returnerar ett ogenomskinligt objekt som representerar en viss chiffer som nyckeln ska användas med.
+
{{domxref("CryptoKey.usages")}}
+
Returnerar en uppsättning uppräknade värden som anger vilken nyckel som kan användas för.
+
+ +

Metoder

+ +

Detta gränssnitt arvs inte eller implementerar någon metod.

+ +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationStatusKommentar
{{ SpecName('Web Crypto API', '#dfn-CryptoKey', 'CryptoKey') }}{{ Spec2('Web Crypto API') }}Initial definition.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ +

{{ CompatibilityTable() }}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
grundläggande stöd{{ CompatChrome(37) }}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop(34) }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionAndroidChrome for AndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
grundläggande stöd37{{ CompatChrome(37) }}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoMobile(34) }}{{ CompatNo }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
+
+ +

Se även

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/kryptonyckel/typ/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/kryptonyckel/typ/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bf41113bc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/kryptonyckel/typ/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ +--- +title: KryptoNyckel.typ +slug: Web/API/KryptoNyckel/typ +tags: + - API + - Egenskaper + - Gränssnitt + - Krypteringar + - KryptoNyckel + - Läs-endast + - Referenser + - Webb Krypto API +translation_of: Web/API/CryptoKey +--- +

{{APIRef("Web Crypto API")}}

+ +

KryptoNyckel.typ har en skrivskyddad egenskap som anger typ av nyckel: om det är nyckeln för en symmetrisk algoritm("hemligt") eller för en asymmetrisk algoritm("publik" eller "privat", är beroende på dess syfte).

+ +

Syntax

+ +
resultat = nyckel.typ
+
+ +

Returvärde

+ + + +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationStatusKommentar
{{ SpecName('Web Crypto API', '#dfn-CryptoKey-type', 'CryptoKey.type') }}{{ Spec2('Web Crypto API') }}Initial definition.
+ +

Webbläsarkompatibilitet

+ +

{{ CompatibilityTable() }}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
grundläggande stöd{{ CompatChrome(37) }}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop(34) }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionAndroidChrome for AndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
grundläggande stöd{{CompatVersionUnknown}}37{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoMobile(34) }}{{ CompatNo }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
+
+ +

Se även

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/genereranyckel/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/genereranyckel/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b25a00bf7f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/genereranyckel/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ +--- +title: SubtilKrypto.GenereraNyckel() +slug: Web/API/SubtleCrypto/genereraNyckel +tags: + - API + - Metoder + - Referenser + - SubtilKrypto + - Webb Krypto API +translation_of: Web/API/SubtleCrypto/generateKey +--- +

{{APIRef("Web Crypto API")}}

+ +

SubtilKrypto.genereraNyckel()  metoden returnerar en {{jsxref("Promise")}} av en nybildad {{domxref("CryptoKey")}}, för symmetriska algoritmer, eller en {{domxref("CryptoKeyPair")}}, innehållande två nyutvecklade nycklar, för asymmetrisk algoritm, som matchar algoritmen, användningarna och extraherbarheten ges som parametrar.

+ +

Syntax

+ +
var resultat = crypto.subtle.genereraNyckel(algo, extraherbart,nyckelBruk);
+
+ +

Parametrar

+ + + +

Returvärde

+ + + +

Undantag

+ +

Löftet avvisas när följande undantag uppstår:

+ + + +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationStatusKommentar
{{ SpecName('Web Crypto API', '#dfn-SubtleCrypto-method-generateKey', 'SubtleCrypto.generateKey()') }}{{ Spec2('Web Crypto API') }}Initial definition.
+ +

Webbläsarkompatibilitet

+ +

{{ CompatibilityTable() }}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunctionChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerEdgeOperaSafari
grundläggande stöd{{ CompatChrome(37) }}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop(34) }}{{ CompatNo() }}13{{ CompatNo }}
ECDSA{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop(36) }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo() }}
DH{{ CompatNo() }}{{CompatUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop(35) }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatNo() }}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionAndroidChrome for AndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
grundläggande stöd{{CompatVersionUnknown}}37{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoMobile(34) }}{{ CompatNo }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
ECDSA{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoMobile(36) }}{{ CompatNo }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
DH{{ CompatNo() }}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoMobile(35) }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatNo() }}
+ +

 

+ +

 

+
+ +

Se även

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..881c36812c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +--- +title: SubtleCrypto +slug: Web/API/SubtleCrypto +tags: + - API + - Interface + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub + - Web Crypto API +translation_of: Web/API/SubtleCrypto +--- +

{{APIRef("Web Crypto API")}}

+ +

The SubtleCrypto interface represents a set of cryptographic primitives. It is available via the {{domxref("Crypto.subtle")}} properties available in a window context (via {{domxref("Window.crypto")}}).

+ +
+

Per the spec: "Developers making use of the SubtleCrypto interface are expected to be aware of the security concerns associated with both the design and implementation of the various algorithms provided. The raw algorithms are provided in order to allow developers maximum flexibility in implementing a variety of protocols and applications, each of which may represent the composition and security parameters in a unique manner that necessitate the use of the raw algorithms."

+
+ +

Properties

+ +

This interface neither inherits, nor implements, any property.

+ +

Methods

+ +

This interface doesn't inherit any method.

+ +
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.encrypt()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of the encrypted data corresponding to the clear text, algorithm and key given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.decrypt()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of the clear data corresponding to the encrypted text, algorithm and key given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.sign()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of the signature corresponding to the text, algorithm and key given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.verify()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a {{jsxref("Boolean")}} value indicating if the signature given as parameter matches the text, algorithm and key also given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.digest()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a digest generated from the algorithm and text given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.generateKey()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a newly generated {{domxref("CryptoKey")}}, for symmetrical algorithms, or a {{domxref("CryptoKeyPair")}}, containing two newly generated keys, for asymmetrical algorithm, that matches the algorithm, the usages and the extractability given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.deriveKey()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a newly generated {{domxref("CryptoKey")}} derived from a master key and a specific algorithm given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.deriveBits()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a newly generated buffer of pseudo-random bits derived from a master key and a specific algorithm given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.importKey()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a {{domxref("CryptoKey")}} corresponding to the format, the algorithm, the raw key data, the usages and the extractability given as parameters.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.exportKey()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a buffer containing the key in the format requested.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.wrapKey()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a wrapped symmetric key for usage (transfer, storage) in insecure environments. The wrapped buffer returned is in the format given in parameters, and contains the key wrapped by the given wrapping key with the given algorithm.
+
{{domxref("SubtleCrypto.unwrapKey()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} of a {{domxref("CryptoKey")}} corresponding to the wrapped key given in parameter.
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{ SpecName('Web Crypto API', '#subtlecrypto-interface', 'SubtleCrypto') }}{{ Spec2('Web Crypto API') }}Initial definition.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +

{{Compat("api.SubtleCrypto")}}

+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/signum/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/signum/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f3f07acac8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/subtlecrypto/signum/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +--- +title: SubtilKrypto.signum() +slug: Web/API/SubtleCrypto/signum +tags: + - API + - Metoder + - Referenser + - Signum + - SubtilKrypto + - Webb Krypto API +translation_of: Web/API/SubtleCrypto/sign +--- +

{{APIRef("Web Crypto API")}}

+ +

SubtilKrypto.signum() metoden returnerar en {{jsxref("Promise")}} innehållande {{glossary("signature")}} motsvarar texten, algoritmen och {{glossary("key")}} avkastas som parametrar.

+ +

Syntax

+ +
var alias = krypto.subtil.signum(algo, nyckel, text2signum);
+
+ +

Parameterar

+ + + +

Returvärde

+ + + +

Undantag

+ +

Tillståndet nekas när följande anomali uppstår:

+ + + +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationerStatusKommentar
{{ SpecName('Web Crypto API', '#dfn-SubtleCrypto-method-sign', 'SubtleCrypto.sign()') }}{{ Spec2('Web Crypto API') }}Initial definition.
+ +

Webbläsarkompatibilitet

+ +

{{ CompatibilityTable() }}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
Grundläggande stöd{{ CompatChrome(37) }}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop(34) }}{{ CompatNo() }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
+
+ +
Funktion + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
 AndroidChrome for AndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
Grundläggande stöd{{CompatVersionUnknown}}37{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoMobile(34) }}{{ CompatNo }}{{ CompatUnknown() }}{{ CompatNo }}
+
+ +

Se även

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/window/getcomputedstyle/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/window/getcomputedstyle/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..192d16bb23 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/window/getcomputedstyle/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +--- +title: window.getComputedStyle() +slug: Web/API/Window/getComputedStyle +translation_of: Web/API/Window/getComputedStyle +--- +

Metoden window.getComputedStyle() returerar ett objekt som rapporterar värdena hos alla CSS-egenskaper hos ett element efter att ha tillämpat aktiva stilmallar och löst ut godtycklig beräkning som dessa värden må innehålla.  Individuella CSS-egenskapers  värden nås genom API:er som tillhandahålls av objektet eller genom att helt enkelt indexera via namnen på CSS-egenskaper.

+ +

Syntax

+ +
var style = window.getComputedStyle(element[, pseudoElt]);
+
+ +
+
element
+
Elementet {{domxref("Element")}} för vilket den beräknade css-stilen önskas.
+
pseudoElt{{optional_inline}}
+
En textsträng som specificerar pseudo-elementet att matcha. Måste utelämnas (eller null) för vanliga element.
+
+ +
Märk: Innan Gecko 2.0 {{geckoRelease("2.0")}}, så krävdes pseudoElt parametern. Ingen annan av de stora webbläsarna medförde krav på att denna parameter var specificerad om null. Gecko har gjorts om till att matcha beteendet hos andra webbläsare.
+ +

Den returnerade stilen är ett realtids- {{domxref("CSSStyleDeclaration")}} objekt, som uppdaterar sigsjälvt automatiskt när elements stil ändras.

+ +

Exempel

+ +

I detta exempel stilger vi ett simpelt {{htmlelement("div")}} element, sen hämtar vi css-stilar med hjälp av getComputedStyle(), skriver ut dem in i text-innehåll hos ett <div>-element.

+ +
<p>Hello</p>
+ +
p {
+  width: 400px;
+  margin: 0 auto;
+  padding: 20px;
+  line-height: 2;
+  font-size: 2rem;
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+  background: purple;
+  color: white;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+ +
let para = document.querySelector('p');
+let compStyles = window.getComputedStyle(para);
+para.textContent = 'My computed font-size is ' + compStyles.getPropertyValue('font-size') + ',\nand my computed line-height is ' + compStyles.getPropertyValue('line-height') + '.';
+ +

Resultat

+ +

{{EmbedLiveSample('Examples', '100%', '240px')}}

+ +

Beskrivning

+ +

Det returnerade objektet är av samma {{domxref("CSSStyleDeclaration")}} typ som det objekt som returnerats från elementets {{domxref("HTMLElement.style", "style")}} egenskap; hur som helst, de två objekten har skilda syften. Objektet som returnerats från getComputedStyle är read-only (läs enkom) och kan användas för att inspektera elementets css-stil (inklusive de satta av ett <style>-element eller en extern stilmall). Objektet elt.style bör användas för att sätta stil på ett specifikt element.

+ +

Det första argumentet måste vara ett Element (att skicka en icke-Element-nod, såsom en #text-nod, kommer orsaka kast av error). Från Gecko 1.9.2 {{geckoRelease("1.9.2")}} och framåt, har returnerade URL-värden nu citattecken runt URL:en, som det här: url("http://foo.com/bar.jpg").

+ +

defaultView

+ +

I många kodexempel online, används getComputedStyle från objektet document.defaultView. I nästan alla förekomster, är detta onödigt, då getComputedStyle existerar i objektet window också. Trolightvis så var "defaultView-möstret" en kombination av (1) folk som inte vill skriva en spec för window och (2) göra ett API som också kunde användas med Java. I vilket fall, det finns ett enda fall då defaultView metoden måste användas: när man använder Firefox 3.6 för att nå stilar i frames.

+ +

Användning med pseudo-element

+ +

getComputedStyle kan dra ut stilinfo från pseudo-element (till exempel, ::after, ::before, ::marker, ::line-marker—se spec här).

+ +
<style>
+  h3::after {
+    content: ' rocks!';
+  }
+</style>
+
+<h3>generated content</h3>
+
+<script>
+  var h3 = document.querySelector('h3');
+  var result = getComputedStyle(h3, ':after').content;
+
+  console.log('the generated content is: ', result); // returns ' rocks!'
+</script>
+
+ +

Märk

+ +

Det returnerade {{domxref("CSSStyleDeclaration")}} objektet kommer att innehålla aktiva värden för alla stödda CSS-egenskapers långhanda namn.  Ett exempel på långhanda namn är border-bottom-width där border-width och border är exempel på korthanda egenskapsnamn. Det är säkrast att söka på värden bara genom långhanda namn liksom font-size.  Att söka css med korthanda namn såsom font kommer inte fungera med majoriteten av webbläsare.

+ +

CSS-egenskapens värden kan nås med hjälp av getPropertyValue(propName) API:et eller genom att indexera direkt in i objektet så som cs[' z-index'] eller cs.zIndex.

+ +

Värdena som returneras av getComputedStyle är kända som {{cssxref("resolved_value", "resolved values")}}. Dessa är oftast samma som med CSS 2.1 {{cssxref("computed_value","computed values")}}, men för vissa äldre egenskaper som width, height eller padding, är de istället {{cssxref("used_value","used values")}}. Ursprungligen definierade CSS 2.0 de beräknade värdena att vara de "redo att användas" slutliga värdena hos egenskaper efter genomflöde och arv, men CSS 2.1 omdefinierade beräknade värden som för-layout, och använda vädet som efter-layout. För CSS 2.0 egenskaper, så returnerar funktionen getComputedStyle vad som beräknade värden förr innebar, det som nu kallas begagnade värden. Ett exempel på skillnad mellan för- och efter-layout-värden innefattar lösning av procentvärden som representerar bredd eller höjd hos ett element (dess s.k. layout), då dessa kommer ersättas av deras pixel-motsvarigheter bara i fallet av begagnade värden.

+ +

Det returnerade värdet är i vissa kända fall ej exakt satta med flit. Närmare bestämt, för att undvika den så kallade CSS History Läckage säkerhets-frågan, så kan webbläsare faktiskt "ljuga" om det begagnade värdet för en länk och alltid returnera värden som om en användare aldrig har besökt webbsidan. Se http://blog.mozilla.com/security/2010/03/31/plugging-the-css-history-leak/ och http://hacks.mozilla.org/2010/03/privacy-related-changes-coming-to-css-vistited/ för detaljer för examplena på hur detta är implementerat. De flesta andra moderna webbläsare har tillämpat liknande ändringar på användandet av pseudo-selector-stilar och värdena som returneras av getComputedStyle.

+ +

Under en CSS-övergång, så returnerar getComputedStyle original-egenskaps värde i Firefox, men slutlig-egenskaps värde i WebKit.

+ +

I Firefox, så returnerar egenskaper med värdet auto det begangnade värdet, inte värdet auto. Så om du tillämpar top:auto; och bottom:0; på ett element som har height:30px och dess innehållande block har height:100px;, efter att ha begärt den beräknade stilen för top, så kommer Firefox returnera top:70px, som 100px-30px=70px.

+ +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationStatusKommentar
{{SpecName("CSSOM", "#dom-window-getcomputedstyle", "getComputedStyle()")}}{{Spec2("CSSOM")}} 
{{SpecName("DOM2 Style", "#CSS-CSSview-getComputedStyle", "getComputedStyle()")}}{{Spec2("DOM2 Style")}}Initial definition
+ +

Kompatibilitet i webbläsare

+ + + +

{{Compat("api.Window.getComputedStyle")}}

+ +

Se även

+ + + +
{{APIRef}}
diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/api/window/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/api/window/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..70b807464b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/api/window/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,509 @@ +--- +title: Window +slug: Web/API/Window +tags: + - API + - DOM + - Interface + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - Tab + - TopicStub + - Window +translation_of: Web/API/Window +--- +
{{APIRef("DOM")}}
+ +

The Window interface represents a window containing a DOM document; the document property points to the DOM document loaded in that window. A window for a given document can be obtained using the {{domxref("document.defaultView")}} property.

+ +

A global variable, window, representing the window in which the script is running, is exposed to JavaScript code.

+ +

The Window interface is home to a variety of functions, namespaces, objects, and constructors which are not necessarily directly associated with the concept of a user interface window. However, the Window interface is a suitable place to include these items that need to be globally available. Many of these are documented in the  JavaScript Reference and the DOM Reference.

+ +

In a tabbed browser, each tab is represented by its own Window object; the global window seen by JavaScript code running within a given tab always represents the tab in which the code is running. That said, even in a tabbed browser, some properties and methods still apply to the overall window that contains the tab, such as {{Domxref("Window.resizeTo", "resizeTo()")}} and {{Domxref("Window.innerHeight", "innerHeight")}}. Generally, anything that can't reasonably pertain to a tab pertains to the window instead.

+ +

{{InheritanceDiagram}}

+ +

Properties

+ +

This interface inherits properties from the {{domxref("EventTarget")}} interface and implements properties from the {{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope")}} and {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers")}} mixins.

+ +

Note that properties which are objects (e.g.,. for overriding the prototype of built-in elements) are listed in a separate section below.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window.closed")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
This property indicates whether the current window is closed or not.
+
{{domxref("Window.console")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the console object which provides access to the browser's debugging console.
+
{{domxref("Window.content")}} and Window._content {{Non-standard_inline}} {{obsolete_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the content element in the current window. Since Firefox 57 (initially Nightly-only), both versions are only available from chrome (privileged) code, and not available to the web anymore.
+
{{domxref("Window.controllers")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the XUL controller objects for the current chrome window.
+
{{domxref("Window.customElements")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
returns a reference to the {{domxref("CustomElementRegistry")}} object, which can be used to register new custom elements and get information about previously registered custom elements.
+
{{domxref("Window.crypto")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the browser crypto object.
+
{{domxref("Window.defaultStatus")}} {{Obsolete_inline("gecko23")}}
+
Gets/sets the status bar text for the given window.
+
{{domxref("Window.devicePixelRatio")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the ratio between physical pixels and device independent pixels in the current display.
+
{{domxref("Window.dialogArguments")}} {{Fx_minversion_inline(3)}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Gets the arguments passed to the window (if it's a dialog box) at the time {{domxref("window.showModalDialog()")}} was called. This is an {{Interface("nsIArray")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.directories")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
Synonym of {{domxref("window.personalbar")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.document")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the document that the window contains.
+
{{domxref("Window.DOMMatrix")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Returns a reference to a {{domxref("DOMMatrix")}} object, which represents 4x4 matrices, suitable for 2D and 3D operations.
+
{{domxref("Window.DOMMatrixReadOnly")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Returns a reference to a {{domxref("DOMMatrixReadOnly")}} object, which represents 4x4 matrices, suitable for 2D and 3D operations.
+
{{domxref("Window.DOMPoint")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Returns a reference to a {{domxref("DOMPoint")}} object, which represents a 2D or 3D point in a coordinate system.
+
{{domxref("Window.DOMPointReadOnly")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Returns a reference to a {{domxref("DOMPointReadOnly")}} object, which represents a 2D or 3D point in a coordinate system.
+
{{domxref("Window.DOMQuad")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Returns a reference to a {{domxref("DOMQuad")}} object, which provides represents a quadrilaterial object, that is one having four corners and four sides.
+
{{domxref("Window.DOMRect")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Returns a reference to a {{domxref("DOMRect")}} object, which represents a rectangle.
+
{{domxref("Window.DOMRectReadOnly")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Returns a reference to a {{domxref("DOMRectReadOnly")}} object, which represents a rectangle.
+
{{domxref("Window.event")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the current event, which is the event currently being handled by the JavaScript code's context, or undefined if no event is currently being handled. The {{domxref("Event")}} object passed directly to event handlers should be used instead whenever possible.
+
{{domxref("Window.frameElement")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the element in which the window is embedded, or null if the window is not embedded.
+
{{domxref("Window.frames")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns an array of the subframes in the current window.
+
{{domxref("Window.fullScreen")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("1.9")}}
+
This property indicates whether the window is displayed in full screen or not.
+
{{domxref("Window.globalStorage")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("1.8.1")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{Obsolete_inline("gecko13")}}
+
Unsupported since Gecko 13 (Firefox 13). Use {{domxref("Window.localStorage")}} instead.
+ Was: Multiple storage objects that are used for storing data across multiple pages.
+
{{domxref("Window.history")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the history object.
+
{{domxref("Window.innerHeight")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Gets the height of the content area of the browser window including, if rendered, the horizontal scrollbar.
+
{{domxref("Window.innerWidth")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Gets the width of the content area of the browser window including, if rendered, the vertical scrollbar.
+
{{domxref("Window.isSecureContext")}} {{experimental_inline}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Indicates whether a context is capable of using features that require secure contexts.
+
{{domxref("Window.length")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the number of frames in the window. See also {{domxref("window.frames")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.location")}}
+
Gets/sets the location, or current URL, of the window object.
+
{{domxref("Window.locationbar")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the locationbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.localStorage")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("1.9.1")}}
+
Returns a reference to the local storage object used to store data that may only be accessed by the origin that created it.
+
{{domxref("Window.menubar")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the menubar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.messageManager")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("2.0")}}
+
Returns the message manager object for this window.
+
{{domxref("Window.mozAnimationStartTime")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("2.0")}} {{Deprecated_inline}}
+
The time in milliseconds since epoch at which the current animation cycle began. Use {{domxref("Animation.startTime")}} instead.
+
{{domxref("Window.mozInnerScreenX")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("1.9.2")}}
+
Returns the horizontal (X) coordinate of the top-left corner of the window's viewport, in screen coordinates. This value is reported in CSS pixels. See mozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixel in {{interface("nsIDOMWindowUtils")}} for a conversion factor to adapt to screen pixels if needed.
+
{{domxref("Window.mozInnerScreenY")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("1.9.2")}}
+
Returns the vertical (Y) coordinate of the top-left corner of the window's viewport, in screen coordinates. This value is reported in CSS pixels. See mozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixel for a conversion factor to adapt to screen pixels if needed.
+
{{domxref("Window.mozPaintCount")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("2.0")}}
+
Returns the number of times the current document has been rendered to the screen in this window. This can be used to compute rendering performance.
+
{{domxref("Window.name")}}
+
Gets/sets the name of the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.navigator")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the navigator object.
+
{{domxref("Window.opener")}}
+
Returns a reference to the window that opened this current window.
+
{{domxref("Window.orientation")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the orientation in degrees (in 90 degree increments) of the viewport relative to the device's natural orientation.
+
{{domxref("Window.outerHeight")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Gets the height of the outside of the browser window.
+
{{domxref("Window.outerWidth")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Gets the width of the outside of the browser window.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollX","Window.pageXOffset")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
An alias for {{domxref("window.scrollX")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollY","Window.pageYOffset")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
An alias for {{domxref("window.scrollY")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.parent")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the parent of the current window or subframe.
+
{{domxref("Window.performance")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("Performance")}} object, which includes the {{domxref("Performance.timing", "timing")}} and {{domxref("Performance.navigation", "navigation")}} attributes, each of which is an object providing performance-related data. See also Using Navigation Timing for additional information and examples.
+
{{domxref("Window.personalbar")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the personalbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.pkcs11")}} {{obsolete_inline(29)}}
+
Formerly provided access to install and remove PKCS11 modules.
+
{{domxref("Window.returnValue")}} {{Fx_minversion_inline(3)}}
+
The return value to be returned to the function that called {{domxref("window.showModalDialog()")}} to display the window as a modal dialog.
+
{{domxref("Window.screen")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the screen object associated with the window.
+ +
{{domxref("Window.screenX")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the horizontal distance of the left border of the user's browser from the left side of the screen.
+
{{domxref("Window.screenY")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the vertical distance of the top border of the user's browser from the top side of the screen.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollbars")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the scrollbars object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollMaxX")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
The maximum offset that the window can be scrolled to horizontally, that is the document width minus the viewport width.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollMaxY")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
The maximum offset that the window can be scrolled to vertically (i.e., the document height minus the viewport height).
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollX")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the number of pixels that the document has already been scrolled horizontally.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollY")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the number of pixels that the document has already been scrolled vertically.
+
{{domxref("Window.self")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns an object reference to the window object itself.
+
{{domxref("Window.sessionStorage")}}
+
Returns a reference to the session storage object used to store data that may only be accessed by the origin that created it.
+
{{domxref("Window.sidebar")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the window object of the sidebar.
+
{{domxref("Window.speechSynthesis")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("SpeechSynthesis")}} object, which is the entry point into using Web Speech API speech synthesis functionality.
+
{{domxref("Window.status")}}
+
Gets/sets the text in the statusbar at the bottom of the browser.
+
{{domxref("Window.statusbar")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the statusbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.toolbar")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns the toolbar object, whose visibility can be toggled in the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.top")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the topmost window in the window hierarchy. This property is read only.
+
{{domxref("Window.visualViewport")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("VisualViewport")}} object which represents the visual viewport for a given window.
+
{{domxref("Window.window")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a reference to the current window.
+
window[0], window[1], etc.
+
Returns a reference to the window object in the frames. See {{domxref("Window.frames")}} for more details.
+
+ +

Properties implemented from elsewhere

+ +
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.caches")}} {{readOnlyinline}}
+
Returns the {{domxref("CacheStorage")}} object associated with the current context. This object enables functionality such as storing assets for offline use, and generating custom responses to requests.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.indexedDB")}} {{readonlyInline}}
+
Provides a mechanism for applications to asynchronously access capabilities of indexed databases; returns an {{domxref("IDBFactory")}} object.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.isSecureContext")}} {{readOnlyinline}}
+
Returns a boolean indicating whether the current context is secure (true) or not (false).
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.origin")}} {{readOnlyinline}}
+
Returns the global object's origin, serialized as a string. (This does not yet appear to be implemented in any browser.)
+
+ +

Methods

+ +

This interface inherits methods from the {{domxref("EventTarget")}} interface and implements methods from {{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope")}} and {{domxref("EventTarget")}}.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window.alert()")}}
+
Displays an alert dialog.
+ +
{{domxref("Window.back()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
Moves back one in the window history. This method is obsolete; you should instead use {{domxref("History.back", "window.history.back()")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.blur()")}}
+
Sets focus away from the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.cancelAnimationFrame()")}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Enables you to cancel a callback previously scheduled with {{domxref("Window.requestAnimationFrame")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.cancelIdleCallback()")}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Enables you to cancel a callback previously scheduled with {{domxref("Window.requestIdleCallback")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.captureEvents()")}} {{Deprecated_inline}}
+
Registers the window to capture all events of the specified type.
+
{{domxref("Window.clearImmediate()")}}
+
Cancels the repeated execution set using setImmediate.
+
{{domxref("Window.close()")}}
+
Closes the current window.
+
{{domxref("Window.confirm()")}}
+
Displays a dialog with a message that the user needs to respond to.
+
{{domxref("Window.disableExternalCapture()")}} {{obsolete_inline(24)}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.dispatchEvent()")}}
+
Used to trigger an event.
+
{{domxref("Window.dump()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Writes a message to the console.
+
{{domxref("Window.enableExternalCapture()")}} {{obsolete_inline(24)}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.find()")}}
+
Searches for a given string in a window.
+
{{domxref("Window.focus()")}}
+
Sets focus on the current window.
+
{{domxref("Window.forward()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
Moves the window one document forward in the history. This method is obsolete; you should instead use {{domxref("History.forward", "window.history.forward()")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.getAttention()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
Flashes the application icon.
+
{{domxref("Window.getAttentionWithCycleCount()")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.getComputedStyle()")}}
+
Gets computed style for the specified element. Computed style indicates the computed values of all CSS properties of the element.
+
{{domxref("Window.getDefaultComputedStyle()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Gets default computed style for the specified element, ignoring author stylesheets.
+
{{domxref("Window.getSelection()")}}
+
Returns the selection object representing the selected item(s).
+
{{domxref("Window.home()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
Returns the browser to the home page.
+
{{domxref("Window.matchMedia()")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("6.0")}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("MediaQueryList")}} object representing the specified media query string.
+
{{domxref("Window.maximize()")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.minimize()")}} (top-level XUL windows only)
+
Minimizes the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.moveBy()")}}
+
Moves the current window by a specified amount.
+
{{domxref("Window.moveTo()")}}
+
Moves the window to the specified coordinates.
+
{{domxref("Window.open()")}}
+
Opens a new window.
+
{{domxref("Window.openDialog()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
Opens a new dialog window.
+
{{domxref("Window.postMessage()")}} {{Fx_minversion_inline(3)}}
+
Provides a secure means for one window to send a string of data to another window, which need not be within the same domain as the first.
+
{{domxref("Window.print()")}}
+
Opens the Print Dialog to print the current document.
+
{{domxref("Window.prompt()")}}
+
Returns the text entered by the user in a prompt dialog.
+
{{domxref("Window.releaseEvents()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{Deprecated_inline}}
+
Releases the window from trapping events of a specific type.
+
{{domxref("Window.requestAnimationFrame()")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("2.0")}}
+
Tells the browser that an animation is in progress, requesting that the browser schedule a repaint of the window for the next animation frame.
+
{{domxref("Window.requestIdleCallback()")}}  {{experimental_inline}}
+
Enables the scheduling of tasks during a browser's idle periods.
+
{{domxref("Window.resizeBy()")}}
+
Resizes the current window by a certain amount.
+
{{domxref("Window.resizeTo()")}}
+
Dynamically resizes window.
+
{{domxref("Window.restore()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.routeEvent()")}} {{obsolete_inline(24)}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.scroll()")}}
+
Scrolls the window to a particular place in the document.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollBy()")}}
+
Scrolls the document in the window by the given amount.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollByLines()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Scrolls the document by the given number of lines.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollByPages()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Scrolls the current document by the specified number of pages.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollTo()")}}
+
Scrolls to a particular set of coordinates in the document.
+
{{domxref("Window.setCursor()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} (top-level XUL windows only)
+
Changes the cursor for the current window
+
{{domxref("Window.setImmediate()")}}
+
Executes a function after the browser has finished other heavy tasks
+
{{domxref("Window.setResizable()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Toggles a user's ability to resize a window.
+
{{domxref("Window.sizeToContent()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Sizes the window according to its content.
+
{{domxref("Window.stop()")}}
+
This method stops window loading.
+
{{domxref("Window.updateCommands()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Updates the state of commands of the current chrome window (UI).
+
+ +

Methods implemented from elsewhere

+ +
+
{{domxref("EventTarget.addEventListener()")}}
+
Register an event handler to a specific event type on the window.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.atob()")}}
+
Decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base-64 encoding.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.btoa()")}}
+
Creates a base-64 encoded ASCII string from a string of binary data.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.clearInterval()")}}
+
Cancels the repeated execution set using {{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setInterval()")}}.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.clearTimeout()")}}
+
Cancels the delayed execution set using {{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setTimeout()")}}.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.createImageBitmap()")}}
+
Accepts a variety of different image sources, and returns a {{domxref("Promise")}} which resolves to an {{domxref("ImageBitmap")}}. Optionally the source is cropped to the rectangle of pixels originating at (sx, sy) with width sw, and height sh.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.fetch()")}}
+
Starts the process of fetching a resource from the network.
+
{{domxref("EventTarget.removeEventListener")}}
+
Removes an event listener from the window.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setInterval()")}}
+
Schedules a function to execute every time a given number of milliseconds elapses.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setTimeout()")}}
+
Schedules a function to execute in a given amount of time.
+
+ +

Obsolete methods

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window.showModalDialog()")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
Displays a modal dialog. This method was removed completely in Chrome 43, and Firefox 55.
+
+ +

Event handlers

+ +

These are properties of the window object that can be set to establish event handlers for the various things that can happen in the window that might be of interest.

+ +

This interface inherits event handlers from the {{domxref("EventTarget")}} interface and implements event handlers from {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers")}}.

+ +
+

Note: Starting in {{Gecko("9.0")}}, you can now use the syntax if ("onabort" in window) to determine whether or not a given event handler property exists. This is because event handler interfaces have been updated to be proper web IDL interfaces. See DOM event handlers for details.

+
+ +
+
{{domxref("Window.onappinstalled")}}
+
Called when the page is installed as a webapp. See {{event('appinstalled')}} event.
+
{{domxref("Window.onbeforeinstallprompt")}}
+
An event handler property dispatched before a user is prompted to save a web site to a home screen on mobile.
+
{{domxref("Window.ondevicelight")}}
+
An event handler property for any ambient light levels changes
+
{{domxref("Window.ondevicemotion")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("6.0")}}
+
Called if accelerometer detects a change (For mobile devices)
+
{{domxref("Window.ondeviceorientation")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("6.0")}}
+
Called when the orientation is changed (For mobile devices)
+
{{domxref("Window.ondeviceorientationabsolute")}} {{non-standard_inline}} Chrome only
+
An event handler property for any device orientation changes.
+
{{domxref("Window.ondeviceproximity")}}
+
An event handler property for device proximity event
+
{{domxref("Window.ongamepadconnected")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a gamepad is connected (when the {{event('gamepadconnected')}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.ongamepaddisconnected")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a gamepad is disconnected (when the {{event('gamepaddisconnected')}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onmozbeforepaint")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("2.0")}}
+
An event handler property for the MozBeforePaint event, which is sent before repainting the window if the event has been requested by a call to the {{domxref("Window.mozRequestAnimationFrame()")}} method.
+
{{domxref("Window.onpaint")}}
+
An event handler property for paint events on the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.onrejectionhandled")}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
An event handler for handled {{jsxref("Promise")}} rejection events.
+
{{domxref("Window.onuserproximity")}}
+
An event handler property for user proximity events.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayconnect")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a compatible VR device has been connected to the computer (when the {{event("vrdisplayconnected")}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplaydisconnect")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a compatible VR device has been disconnected from the computer (when the {{event("vrdisplaydisconnected")}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayactivate")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a display is able to be presented to (when the {{event("vrdisplayactivate")}} event fires), for example if an HMD has been moved to bring it out of standby, or woken up by being put on.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplaydeactivate")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a display can no longer be presented to (when the {{event("vrdisplaydeactivate")}} event fires), for example if an HMD has gone into standby or sleep mode due to a period of inactivity.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayblur")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when presentation to a display has been paused for some reason by the browser, OS, or VR hardware (when the {{event("vrdisplayblur")}} event fires) — for example, while the user is interacting with a system menu or browser, to prevent tracking or loss of experience.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayfocus")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when presentation to a display has resumed after being blurred (when the {{event("vrdisplayfocus")}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplaypresentchange")}}
+
represents an event handler that will run when the presenting state of a VR device changes — i.e. goes from presenting to not presenting, or vice versa (when the {{event("vrdisplaypresentchange")}} event fires).
+
+ +

Event handlers implemented from elsewhere

+ +
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onabort")}}
+
Called when the loading of a resource has been aborted, such as by a user canceling the load while it is still in progress
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onafterprint")}}
+
Called when the print dialog box is closed. See {{event("afterprint")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onbeforeprint")}}
+
Called when the print dialog box is opened. See {{event("beforeprint")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onbeforeunload")}}
+
An event handler property for before-unload events on the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onblur")}}
+
Called after the window loses focus, such as due to a popup.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onchange")}}
+
An event handler property for change events on the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onclick")}}
+
Called after the ANY mouse button is pressed & released
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.ondblclick")}}
+
Called when a double click is made with ANY mouse button.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onclose")}}
+
Called after the window is closed
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.oncontextmenu")}}
+
Called when the RIGHT mouse button is pressed
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onerror")}}
+
Called when a resource fails to load OR when an error occurs at runtime. See {{event("error")}} event.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onfocus")}}
+
Called after the window receives or regains focus. See {{event("focus")}} events.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onhashchange")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("1.9.2")}}
+
An event handler property for {{event('hashchange')}} events on the window; called when the part of the URL after the hash mark ("#") changes.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.oninput")}}
+
Called when the value of an <input> element changes
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onkeydown")}}
+
Called when you begin pressing ANY key. See {{event("keydown")}} event.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onkeypress")}}
+
Called when a key (except Shift, Fn, and CapsLock) is in pressed position. See {{event("keypress")}} event.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onkeyup")}}
+
Called when you finish releasing ANY key. See {{event("keyup")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onlanguagechange")}}
+
An event handler property for {{event("languagechange")}} events on the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onload")}}
+
Called after all resources and the DOM are fully loaded. WILL NOT get called when the page is loaded from cache, such as with back button.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onmessage")}}
+
Is an {{domxref("EventHandler")}} representing the code to be called when the {{event("message")}} event is raised.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmousedown")}}
+
Called when ANY mouse button is pressed.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmousemove")}}
+
Called continously when the mouse is moved inside the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseout")}}
+
Called when the pointer leaves the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseover")}}
+
Called when the pointer enters the window
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseup")}}
+
Called when ANY mouse button is released
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onoffline")}}
+
Called when network connection is lost. See {{event("offline")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.ononline")}}
+
Called when network connection is established. See {{event("online")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onpagehide")}}
+
Called when the user navigates away from the page, before the onunload event. See {{event("pagehide")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onpageshow")}}
+
Called after all resources and the DOM are fully loaded. See {{event("pageshow")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onpopstate")}} {{gecko_minversion_inline("2.0")}}
+
Called when a back button is pressed.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onreset")}}
+
Called when a form is reset
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onresize")}}
+
Called continuously as you are resizing the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onscroll")}}
+
Called when the scroll bar is moved via ANY means. If the resource fully fits in the window, then this event cannot be invoked
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onwheel")}}
+
Called when the mouse wheel is rotated around any axis
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onselect")}}
+
Called after text in an input field is selected
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onselectionchange")}}
+
Is an {{domxref("EventHandler")}} representing the code to be called when the {{event("selectionchange")}} event is raised.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onstorage")}}
+
Called when there is a change in session storage or local storage. See {{event("storage")}} event
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onsubmit")}}
+
Called when a form is submitted
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onunhandledrejection")}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
An event handler for unhandled {{jsxref("Promise")}} rejection events.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onunload")}}
+
Called when the user navigates away from the page.
+
+ +

Constructors

+ +

See also the DOM Interfaces.

+ +
+
{{domxref("DOMParser")}}
+
DOMParser can parse XML or HTML source stored in a string into a DOM Document. DOMParser is specified in DOM Parsing and Serialization.
+
{{domxref("Window.GeckoActiveXObject")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Image")}}
+
Used for creating an {{domxref("HTMLImageElement")}}.
+
{{domxref("Option")}}
+
Used for creating an {{domxref("HTMLOptionElement")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.QueryInterface")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.StaticRange")}} {{experimental_inline}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref('StaticRange.StaticRange','StaticRange()')}} constructor which creates a {{domxref('StaticRange')}} object.
+
{{domxref("Worker")}}
+
Used for creating a Web worker
+
{{domxref("Window.XMLSerializer")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.XPCNativeWrapper")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.XPCSafeJSObjectWrapper")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
+ +

Interfaces

+ +

See DOM Reference

+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +

{{Compat("api.Window")}}

+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/html/global_attributes/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/html/global_attributes/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d9b05460d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/html/global_attributes/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,482 @@ +--- +title: Global attributes +slug: Web/HTML/Global_attributes +tags: + - Attribute + - HTML + - NeedsBrowserCompatibility + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Web/HTML/Global_attributes +--- +
{{HTMLSidebar("Global_attributes")}}
+ +
+

Global attributes are attributes common to all HTML elements; they can be used on all elements, though the attributes may have no effect on some elements.

+
+ +

Global attributes may be specified on all HTML elements, even those not specified in the standard. That means that any non-standard elements must still permit these attributes, even though using those elements means that the document is no longer HTML5-compliant. For example, HTML5-compliant browsers hide content marked as <foo hidden>...<foo>, even though <foo> is not a valid HTML element.

+ +

In addition to the basic HTML global attributes, the following global attributes also exist:

+ + + +

Description

+ +
+
accesskey
+
Provides a hint for generating a keyboard shortcut for the current element. This attribute consists of a space-separated list of characters. The browser should use the first one that exists on the computer keyboard layout.
+
class
+
Is a space-separated list of the classes of the element. Classes allows CSS and JavaScript to select and access specific elements via the class selectors or functions like the method {{domxref("Document.getElementsByClassName()")}}.
+
contenteditable
+
Is an enumerated attribute indicating if the element should be editable by the user. If so, the browser modifies its widget to allow editing. The attribute must take one of the following values: +
    +
  • true or the empty string, which indicates that the element must be editable;
    • +
  • false, which indicates that the element must not be editable.
    • +
+
+
contextmenu
+
Is the id of an {{HTMLElement("menu")}} to use as the contextual menu for this element.
+
data-*
+
Forms a class of attributes, called custom data attributes, that allow proprietary information to be exchanged between the HTML and its DOM representation that may be used by scripts. All such custom data are available via the {{domxref("HTMLElement")}} interface of the element the attribute is set on. The {{domxref("HTMLElement.dataset")}} property gives access to them.
+
dir
+
Is an enumerated attribute indicating the directionality of the element's text. It can have the following values: +
    +
  • ltr, which means left to right and is to be used for languages that are written from the left to the right (like English);
    • +
  • rtl, which means right to left and is to be used for languages that are written from the right to the left (like Arabic);
    • +
  • auto, which let the user agent decides. It uses a basic algorithm as it parses the characters inside the element until it finds a character with a strong directionality, then apply that directionality to the whole element.
    • +
+
+
draggable
+
Is an enumerated attribute indicating whether the element can be dragged, using the Drag and Drop API. It can have the following values: +
    +
  • true, which indicates that the element may be dragged
    • +
  • false, which indicates that the element may not be dragged.
    • +
+
+
dropzone {{experimental_inline}}
+
Is an enumerated attribute indicating what types of content can be dropped on an element, using the Drag and Drop API. It can have the following values: +
    +
  • copy, which indicates that dropping will create a copy of the element that was dragged
    • +
  • move, which indicates that the element that was dragged will be moved to this new location.
    • +
  • link, will create a link to the dragged data.
    • +
+
+
hidden
+
Is a Boolean attribute indicates that the element is not yet, or is no longer, relevant. For example, it can be used to hide elements of the page that can't be used until the login process has been completed. The browser won't render such elements. This attribute must not be used to hide content that could legitimately be shown.
+
id
+
Defines a unique identifier (ID) which must be unique in the whole document. Its purpose is to identify the element when linking (using a fragment identifier), scripting, or styling (with CSS).
+
+ +
+

Note: The following 5 attributes are part of the WHATWG HTML Microdata feature.

+
+ +
+
itemid {{experimental_inline}}
+
The unique, global identifier of an item.
+
itemprop {{experimental_inline}}
+
Used to add properties to an item. Every HTML element may have an itemprop attribute specified, where an itemprop consists of a name and value pair.
+
itemref {{experimental_inline}}
+
Properties that are not descendants of an element with the itemscope attribute can be associated with the item using an itemref. Itemref provides a list of element ids (not itemids) with additional properties elsewhere in the document.
+
itemscope {{experimental_inline}}
+
Itemscope (usually) works along with itemtype to specify that the HTML contained in a block is about a particular item. itemscope creates the Item and defines the scope of the itemtype associated with it. itemtype is a valid URL of a vocabulary (such as schema.org) that describes the item and its properties context.
+
itemtype {{experimental_inline}}
+
Specifies the URL of the vocabulary that will be used to define itemprop's (item properties) in the data structure. Itemscope is used to set the scope of  where in the data structure the vocabulary set by itemtype will be active.
+
lang
+
Participates in defining the language of the element, the language that non-editable elements are written in or the language that editable elements should be written in. The tag contains one single entry value in the format defined in the Tags for Identifying Languages (BCP47) IETF document. xml:lang has priority over it.
+
+ +
+
slot {{experimental_inline}}
+
Assigns a slot in a shadow DOM shadow tree to an element: An element with a slot attribute is assigned to the slot created by the {{HTMLElement("slot")}} element whose {{htmlattrxref("name", "slot")}} attribute's value matches that slot attribute's value.
+
+ +
+
spellcheck {{experimental_inline}}
+
Is an enumerated attribute defines whether the element may be checked for spelling errors. It may have the following values: +
    +
  • true, which indicates that the element should be, if possible, checked for spelling errors;
    • +
  • false, which indicates that the element should not be checked for spelling errors.
    • +
+
+
style
+
Contains CSS styling declarations to be applied to the element. Note that it is recommended for styles to be defined in a separate file or files. This attribute and the {{HTMLElement("style")}} element have mainly the purpose of allowing for quick styling, for example for testing purposes.
+
tabindex
+
Is an integer attribute indicating if the element can take input focus (is focusable), if it should participate to sequential keyboard navigation, and if so, at what position. It can takes several values: +
    +
  • a negative value means that the element should be focusable, but should not be reachable via sequential keyboard navigation;
    • +
  • 0 means that the element should be focusable and reachable via sequential keyboard navigation, but its relative order is defined by the platform convention;
    • +
  • a positive value which means should be focusable and reachable via sequential keyboard navigation; its relative order is defined by the value of the attribute: the sequential follow the increasing number of the tabindex. If several elements share the same tabindex, their relative order follows their relative position in the document).
    • +
+
+
title
+
Contains a text representing advisory information related to the element it belongs to. Such information can typically, but not necessarily, be presented to the user as a tooltip.
+
translate {{experimental_inline}}
+
Is an enumerated attribute that is used to specify whether an element's attribute values and the values of its {{domxref("Text")}} node children are to be translated when the page is localized, or whether to leave them unchanged. It can have the following values: +
    +
  • empty string and "yes", which indicates that the element will be translated.
    • +
  • "no", which indicates that the element will not be translated.
    • +
+
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', "dom.html#global-attributes", "Global attributes")}}{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}}From latest snapshot, {{SpecName('HTML5.1')}}, itemid, itemprop, itemref, itemscope, and itemtype have been added.
{{SpecName('HTML5.1', "dom.html#global-attributes", "Global attributes")}}{{Spec2('HTML5.1')}}Snapshot of {{SpecName('HTML WHATWG')}}. From {{SpecName('HTML5 W3C')}}, spellcheck, draggable, and dropzone have been added.
{{SpecName('HTML5 W3C', "dom.html#global-attributes", "Global attributes")}}{{Spec2('HTML5 W3C')}}Snapshot of {{SpecName('HTML WHATWG')}}. From {{SpecName("HTML4.01")}}, the concept of global attributes is introduced and the dir, lang, style, id, class, tabindex, accesskey, and title are now true global attributes.
+ xml:lang which was initially part of XHTML, is now also part of HTML.
+ hidden, data-*, contextmenu, contenteditable, and translate have been added.
{{SpecName('HTML4.01')}}{{Spec2('HTML4.01')}}There are no global attributes defined. Several attributes that will become global attributes in subsequent specifications are defined on a subset of elements.
+ class and style are supported on all elements but {{HTMLElement("base")}}, {{HTMLElement("basefont")}}, {{HTMLElement("head")}}, {{HTMLElement("html")}}, {{HTMLElement("meta")}}, {{HTMLElement("param")}}, {{HTMLElement("script")}}, {{HTMLElement("style")}}, and {{HTMLElement("title")}}.
+ dir is supported on all elements but {{HTMLElement("applet")}}, {{HTMLElement("base")}}, {{HTMLElement("basefont")}}, {{HTMLElement("bdo")}}, {{HTMLElement("br")}}, {{HTMLElement("frame")}}, {{HTMLElement("frameset")}}, {{HTMLElement("iframe")}}, {{HTMLElement("param")}}, and {{HTMLElement("script")}}.
+ id is supported on all elements but {{HTMLElement("base")}}, {{HTMLElement("head")}}, {{HTMLElement("html")}}, {{HTMLElement("meta")}}, {{HTMLElement("script")}}, {{HTMLElement("style")}}, and {{HTMLElement("title")}}.
+ lang is supported on all elements but {{HTMLElement("applet")}}, {{HTMLElement("base")}}, {{HTMLElement("basefont")}}, {{HTMLElement("br")}}, {{HTMLElement("frame")}}, {{HTMLElement("frameset")}}, {{HTMLElement("iframe")}}, {{HTMLElement("param")}}, and {{HTMLElement("script")}}.
+ tabindex is only supported on {{HTMLElement("a")}}, {{HTMLElement("area")}}, {{HTMLElement("button")}}, {{HTMLElement("object")}}, {{HTMLElement("select")}}, and {{HTMLElement("textarea")}}.
+ accesskey is only supported on {{HTMLElement("a")}}, {{HTMLElement("area")}}, {{HTMLElement("button")}}, {{HTMLElement("input")}}, {{HTMLElement("label")}}, {{HTMLElement("legend")}} and {{HTMLElement("textarea")}}.
+ title is supported on all elements but {{HTMLElement("base")}}, {{HTMLElement("basefont")}}, {{HTMLElement("head")}}, {{HTMLElement("html")}}, {{HTMLElement("meta")}}, {{HTMLElement("param")}}, {{HTMLElement("script")}}, and {{HTMLElement("title")}}.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
accesskey{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
class{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
contenteditable{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
contextmenu{{CompatNo}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop(9)}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}
data-*{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("6")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
dir{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
draggable{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.8.1")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
dropzone{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
hidden{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("2")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
id{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
itemid, itemprop, itemref, itemscope, itemtype{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
lang{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
spellcheck{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.8.1")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
style{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
tabindex{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
title{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidChrome for AndroidFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
accesskey{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
class{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
contenteditable{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.9")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
contextmenu{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}
data-*{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("6")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
dir{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
draggable{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.8.1")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
dropzone{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
hidden{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("2")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
id{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
itemid, itemprop, itemref, itemscope, itemtype{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
lang{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
spellcheck{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.8.1")}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
style{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
tabindex{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
title{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/html/global_attributes/kortplats/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/html/global_attributes/kortplats/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d86b4f0968 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/html/global_attributes/kortplats/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +--- +title: Kortplats +slug: Web/HTML/Global_attributes/Kortplats +tags: + - DOM + - Global attribut + - HTML + - Referenser +translation_of: Web/HTML/Global_attributes/slot +--- +
{{HTMLSidebar("Global_attributes")}}{{SeeCompatTable}}
+ +

Kortplatsens global attribute tilldelar en kortpalts i en shadow DOM  skuggträdet till ett element: Ett element med ett kortplatsattribut tilldelas till kortplatsen skapat av{{HTMLElement("slot")}} vars element{{htmlattrxref("name", "slot")}} attributets värde matchar det här kortplatsens attributets värde.

+ +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', "dom.html#attr-slot", "slot attribute")}}{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}} 
{{SpecName('DOM WHATWG', "#dom-element-slot", "slot attribute")}}{{Spec2('DOM WHATWG')}} 
+ +

Webbläsarkompatibilitet

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari (WebKit)
Basic support53{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}4010
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE PhoneOpera MobileSafari Mobile
Basic support53{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}4010.1
+
+ +

Se även

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/html/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/html/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b16e39a60 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/html/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +--- +title: HTML +slug: Web/HTML +tags: + - HTML-handledning + - HTML-lektion + - HTML-programmering + - HTML5 + - Hyper text + - Hypertext + - Lär dig + - Referens + - Referenser + - Vad är HTML + - Webb + - 'i10n:prioritet' +translation_of: Web/HTML +--- +
{{HTMLSidebar}}
+ +

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) är webbens mest grundläggande byggsten. HTML beskriver och definierar strukturen på en webbsida. Andra tekniker utöver HTML används vanligen för att beskriva en webbsidas utseende (CSS) eller funktionalitet/beteende (JavaScript).

+ +

"HyperText" refererar till länkar som binder samman webbsidor med varandra, antingen inom en enskild webbsajt eller mellan olika webbsajter. Länkar är en grundläggande aspekt av webben. Genom att ladda upp innehåll på internet och länka det till sidor som skapats av andra människor blir du en aktiv deltagare i World Wide Web.

+ +

HTML använder sig av "uppmärkning" vid annotering av text, bilder och annat innehåll för visning i en webbläsare. HTML märkspråk inkluderar speciella "element" såsom {{HTMLElement("head")}}, {{HTMLElement("title")}}, {{HTMLElement("body")}}, {{HTMLElement("header")}}, {{HTMLElement("footer")}}, {{HTMLElement("article")}}, {{HTMLElement("section")}}, {{HTMLElement("p")}}, {{HTMLElement("div")}}, {{HTMLElement("span")}}, {{HTMLElement("img")}}, och många andra.

+ +

Taggar i HTML är inte skiftlägeskänsliga. De kan alltså skrivas med stora bokstäver, små bokstäver eller blandat. Exempelvis kan taggen <title> skrivas som <Title>,<TiTlE>eller på vilket annat sätt som helst.

+ +

Artiklarna nedan hjälper dig att lära dig mer om HTML.

+ +
+ + +
+
+

Nybörjarhandledning

+ +

Vår HTML Learning Area innehåller ett flertal moduler som lär ut HTML från grunden — inga förkunskaper krävs.

+ +
+
Introduktion till HTML
+
Denna modul lägger grunden, och introducerar viktiga koncept och syntax, såsom att applicera HTML till text, skapa hyperlänkar och att använda HTML för att strukturera en webbsida.
+
Multimedia och inbäddning
+
Denna modul utforskar hur du kan använda HTML för att inkludera multimedia i dina webbsidor, och även de olika sätt som bilder kan inkluderas, samt hur du bäddar in video, ljud, och även kompletta andra hemsidor.
+
HTML-tabeller
+
Att representera tabelldata på en webbsida på ett förståeligt och tillgängligt sätt kan vara en utmaning. Denna modul innefattar grundläggande tabell-uppmärkning, såväl som mer komplexa funktioner såsom tillämpning av tabellrubriker och sammanfattningar.
+
HTML-formulär
+
Formulär är en väldigt viktig del av webben — de bidrar med mycket av den funktionaliteten som du behöver för att kunna interagera med webbsajter, t.ex. registrering och inloggning, skicka feedback, köpa produkter och mycket mer. Med denna modul kan du komma igång med att skapa de delar av formulär som hör till klient-sidan/front-end.
+
Använda HTML för att lösa vanliga problem
+
Erbjuder länkar till sektioner av innehåll som förklarar hur man använder HTML för att lösa mycket vanliga problem som uppstår när man skapar en webbsida: hantera titlar, lägga till bilder eller videos, betona innehåll, skapa ett enkelt formulär, etc.
+
+ +

Avancerade ämnen

+ +
+
CORS enabled image
+
Attributet crossorigin, kombinerat med en lämplig CORS -rubrik tillåter bilder definierade av  elementet {{HTMLElement("img")}} att laddas upp från främmande källor och användas i ett  {{HTMLElement("canvas")}} element som att de vore hämtade från den egna källan.
+
CORS attributinställningar
+
Visssa HTML-element som stödjer CORS, såsom {{HTMLElement("img")}} eller {{HTMLElement("video")}}, har ett crossorigin attribut (crossOrigin egendom), som låter dig konfigurera CORS-begäran för elementets hämtade data.
+
Fokushantering i HTML
+
activeElement DOM-attributet och hasFocus() DOM-metoden hjälper dig att spåra och kontrollera en användares interagerande med element på en webbsida. 
+
Använda application-cachen
+
Applikations-caching låter webb-baserade applikationer köras offline. Du kan använda Application Cache (AppCache)-gränssnittet för att specificiera resurser som webbläsaren ska cachea och göras tillgängliga för offlineanvändare. Cacheade applikationer laddas och fungerar som de ska även om användare laddar om sidan när de är offline.
+
För-uppladda innehåll med rel="preload"
+
preload värdet för {{htmlelement("link")}} elementets {{htmlattrxref("rel", "link")}} attribut, låter dig skriva  deklarativa fetch-begäranden i ditt HTML {{htmlelement("head")}}, som specificierar resurser som dina sidor kommer behöva väldigt snart efter att de laddats, vilka du därför vill börja föruppladda tidigt i livscykeln i en sidladdning, innan webbläsarens huvudmaskineri går igång. Detta säkrar att resurserna är tillgängliggjorda tidigare och då är mindre troliga att blockera sidans första laddning, vilket ger en prestandaförbättring. Denna artikel ger en grundläggande guide till hur  preload fungerar.
+
+
+ +
+

Referenser

+ +
+
HTML-referenser
+
HTML består av element, som vart och ett kan modifieras med ett visst antal attribut. HTML-dokument är sammanbundna med varandra med hjälp av länkar.
+
HTML-elementreferenser
+
Bläddra igenom en lista på alla HTML-element.
+
HTML-attributreferenser
+
Element i HTML har olika attribut. Dessa är kompletterande värden som konfigurerar elementen eller justerar deras beteenden på olika sätt.
+
Globala attribut
+
Globala attribut kan specifieras för alla HTML element, även de som inte är specifierade i standarden. Detta betyder att alla icke-standardelement ändå måste tillåta dessa attribut, även om de gör dokumentet icke-kompatibelt med HTML5.
+
Inline-element och block-level-element
+
HTML-element är vanligtvis "textnivå"- ("inline") eller "blocknivå"-element ("block level"). Ett textnivåelement tar inte upp mer plats än vad som ryms mellan de taggar som definierar det. Ett blocknivåelement tar upp hela sitt föräldraelements (containers) yta, och skapar på så sätt ett "block".
+
Länktyper
+
I HTML kan flera länktyper användas för att etablera och definiera förhållandet mellan två dokument. Länkelement som länktyper kan användas på inkluderar <a>, <area>, och <link>.
+
Mediaformat som stöds av HTML-audio- och videoelement
+
Elementen <audio> och <video> låter dig spela upp ljud och video. Dessa element erbjuder ett webbläsarnativt alternativ till liknande funktioner i Adobe Flash och andra plug-ins.
+
Olika typer av HTML-innehåll (Avancerat)
+
HTML består av flera typer av innehåll, som vart och ett är tillåtet att använda i viss kontext och förbjudet i andra. På samma sätt har alla dessa typer varsin uppsättning av andra innehållskategorier som de kan innehålla och element som kan eller inte kan användas i dem. Detta är en guide till dessa kategorier.
+
+ +

Relaterade ämnen

+ +
+
Applicera färg på HTML-element med CSS
+
Denna artikel tar upp de flesta sätt som du kan använda CSS för att addera färg till HTML-innehåll. Den listar vilka delar av HTML-dokument som kan färgas och vilka CSS-egenskaper som används då. Den inkluderar exempel, länkar till palettbyggarverktyg, m.m.
+
+
+
+View All...
diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/http/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/http/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5540dd16e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/http/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ +--- +title: HTTP +slug: Web/HTTP +tags: + - HTTP + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub + - Web + - 'l10n:priority' +translation_of: Web/HTTP +--- +
{{HTTPSidebar}}
+ +

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-layer protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents, such as HTML. It was designed for communication between web browsers and web servers, but it can also be used for other purposes. HTTP follows a classical client-server model, with a client opening a connection to make a request, then waiting until it receives a response. HTTP is a stateless protocol, meaning that the server does not keep any data (state) between two requests. Though often based on a TCP/IP layer, it can be used on any reliable transport layer; that is, a protocol that doesn't lose messages silently, such as UDP.

+ +
+
+

Tutorials

+ +

Learn how to use HTTP with guides and tutorials.

+ +
+
Overview of HTTP
+
The basic features of the client-server protocol: what it can do and its intended uses.
+
HTTP Cache
+
Caching is very important for fast Web sites. This article describes different methods of caching and how to use HTTP Headers to control them.
+
HTTP Cookies
+
How cookies work is defined by RFC 6265. When serving an HTTP request, a server can send a Set-Cookie HTTP header with the response. The client then returns the cookie's value with every request to the same server in the form of a Cookie request header. The cookie can also be set to expire on a certain date, or restricted to a specific domain and path.
+
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS)
+
Cross-site HTTP requests are HTTP requests for resources from a different domain than the domain of the resource making the request. For instance, an HTML page from Domain A (http://domaina.example/) makes a request for an image on Domain B (http://domainb.foo/image.jpg) via the img element. Web pages today very commonly load cross-site resources, including CSS stylesheets, images, scripts, and other resources. CORS allows web developers to control how their site reacts to cross-site requests.
+
+ +
+
Evolution of HTTP
+
A brief description of the changes between the early versions of HTTP, to the modern HTTP/2 and beyond.
+
Mozilla web security guidelines
+
A collection of tips to help operational teams with creating secure web applications.
+
+ +
+
HTTP Messages
+
Describes the type and structure of the different kind of messages of HTTP/1.x and HTTP/2.
+
A typical HTTP session
+
Shows and explains the flow of a usual HTTP session.
+
Connection management in HTTP/1.x
+
Describes the three connection management models available in HTTP/1.x, their strengths, and their weaknesses.
+
+
+ +
+

Reference

+ +

Browse through detailed HTTP reference documentation.

+ +
+
HTTP Headers
+
HTTP message headers are used to describe a resource, or the behavior of the server or the client. Custom proprietary headers can be added using the X- prefix; others in an IANA registry, whose original content was defined in RFC 4229. IANA also maintains a registry of proposed new HTTP message headers.
+
HTTP Request Methods
+
The different operations that can be done with HTTP: {{HTTPMethod("GET")}}, {{HTTPMethod("POST")}}, and also less common requests like {{HTTPMethod("OPTIONS")}}, {{HTTPMethod("DELETE")}}, or {{HTTPMethod("TRACE")}}.
+
HTTP Status Response Codes
+
HTTP response codes indicate whether a specific HTTP request has been successfully completed. Responses are grouped in five classes: informational responses, successful responses, redirections, client errors, and servers errors.
+
+ +
+
CSP directives
+
The {{HTTPHeader("Content-Security-Policy")}} response header fields allows web site administrators to control resources the user agent is allowed to load for a given page. With a few exceptions, policies mostly involve specifying server origins and script endpoints.
+
+ +

Tools & resources

+ +

Helpful tools and resources for understanding and debugging HTTP.

+ +
+
Firefox Developer Tools
+
Network monitor
+
Mozilla Observatory
+
+

A project designed to help developers, system administrators, and security professionals configure their sites safely and securely.

+
+
RedBot
+
Tools to check your cache-related headers
+
How Browsers Work
+
A very comprehensive article on browser internals and request flow through HTTP protocol. A MUST-READ for any web developer.
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/http/status/200/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/http/status/200/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6674dc059c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/http/status/200/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +--- +title: 200 OK +slug: Web/HTTP/Status/200 +tags: + - HTTP + - Lyckat + - Statuskod +translation_of: Web/HTTP/Status/200 +--- +
{{HTTPSidebar}}
+ +

En 200 OK HTTP status svarskod förmedlar att en förfrågan har lyckats. Ett 200 svar är cacheningsbar som standard.

+ +

Betydelsen för att en förfrågan har lyckats är olika beroende på vilken HTTP förfrågningsmetod du använder:

+ + + +

Resultatet för en lyckad {{HTTPMethod("PUT")}} eller en {{HTTPMethod("DELETE")}} förfrågan är oftast inte 200 OK utan {{HTTPStatus("204")}} No Content (eller {{HTTPStatus("201")}} Created om resursen laddades upp för första gången).

+ +

Status

+ +
200 OK
+ +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationTitel
{{RFC("7231", "200 OK" , "6.3.1")}}Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content
+ +

Webbläsarkompatibilitet

+ + + +

{{Compat("http.status.200")}}

+ +

Se också

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/http/status/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/http/status/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f8ef6b278e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/http/status/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ +--- +title: HTTP response status codes +slug: Web/HTTP/Status +tags: + - HTTP + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - Overview + - Reference + - Status codes + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Web/HTTP/Status +--- +
{{HTTPSidebar}}
+ +

HTTP response status codes indicate whether a specific HTTP request has been successfully completed. Responses are grouped in five classes: informational responses, successful responses, redirects, client errors, and servers errors. Status codes are defined by section 10 of RFC 2616.

+ +

Information responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(100, "100 Continue")}}
+
This interim response indicates that everything so far is OK and that the client should continue with the request or ignore it if it is already finished.
+
{{HTTPStatus(101, "101 Switching Protocol")}}
+
This code is sent in response to an {{HTTPHeader("Upgrade")}} request header by the client, and indicates the protocol the server is switching to.
+
{{HTTPStatus(102, "102 Processing")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
This code indicates that the server has received and is processing the request, but no response is available yet.
+
{{HTTPStatus(103, "103 Early Hints")}} +
This status code is primarily intended to be used with the {{HTTPHeader("Link")}} header to allow the user agent to start preloading resources while the server is still preparing a response. +
+ +

Successful responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(200, "200 OK")}}
+
The request has succeeded. The meaning of a success varies depending on the HTTP method:
+ GET: The resource has been fetched and is transmitted in the message body.
+ HEAD: The entity headers are in the message body.
+ PUT or POST: The resource describing the result of the action is transmitted in the message body.
+ TRACE: The message body contains the request message as received by the server
+
{{HTTPStatus(201, "201 Created")}}
+
The request has succeeded and a new resource has been created as a result of it. This is typically the response sent after a POST request, or after some PUT requests.
+
{{HTTPStatus(202, "202 Accepted")}}
+
The request has been received but not yet acted upon. It is non-committal, meaning that there is no way in HTTP to later send an asynchronous response indicating the outcome of processing the request. It is intended for cases where another process or server handles the request, or for batch processing.
+
{{HTTPStatus(203, "203 Non-Authoritative Information")}}
+
This response code means returned meta-information set is not exact set as available from the origin server, but collected from a local or a third party copy. Except this condition, 200 OK response should be preferred instead of this response.
+
{{HTTPStatus(204, "204 No Content")}}
+
There is no content to send for this request, but the headers may be useful. The user-agent may update its cached headers for this resource with the new ones.
+
{{HTTPStatus(205, "205 Reset Content")}}
+
This response code is sent after accomplishing request to tell user agent reset document view which sent this request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(206, "206 Partial Content")}}
+
This response code is used because of range header sent by the client to separate download into multiple streams.
+
{{HTTPStatus(207, "207 Multi-Status")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
A Multi-Status response conveys information about multiple resources in situations where multiple status codes might be appropriate.
+
{{HTTPStatus(208, "208 Multi-Status")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
Used inside a DAV: propstat response element to avoid enumerating the internal members of multiple bindings to the same collection repeatedly.
+
{{HTTPStatus(226, "226 IM Used")}} (HTTP Delta encoding)
+
The server has fulfilled a GET request for the resource, and the response is a representation of the result of one or more instance-manipulations applied to the current instance.
+
+ +

Redirection messages

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(300, "300 Multiple Choice")}}
+
The request has more than one possible response. The user-agent or user should choose one of them. There is no standardized way of choosing one of the responses.
+
{{HTTPStatus(301, "301 Moved Permanently")}}
+
This response code means that the URI of the requested resource has been changed. Probably, the new URI would be given in the response.
+
{{HTTPStatus(302, "302 Found")}}
+
This response code means that the URI of requested resource has been changed temporarily. New changes in the URI might be made in the future. Therefore, this same URI should be used by the client in future requests.
+
{{HTTPStatus(303, "303 See Other")}}
+
The server sent this response to direct the client to get the requested resource at another URI with a GET request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(304, "304 Not Modified")}}
+
This is used for caching purposes. It tells the client that the response has not been modified, so the client can continue to use the same cached version of the response.
+
305 Use Proxy {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Was defined in a previous version of the HTTP specification to indicate that a requested response must be accessed by a proxy. It has been deprecated due to security concerns regarding in-band configuration of a proxy.
+
306 unused
+
This response code is no longer used, it is just reserved currently. It was used in a previous version of the HTTP 1.1 specification.
+
{{HTTPStatus(307, "307 Temporary Redirect")}}
+
The server sends this response to direct the client to get the requested resource at another URI with same method that was used in the prior request. This has the same semantics as the 302 Found HTTP response code, with the exception that the user agent must not change the HTTP method used: If a POST was used in the first request, a POST must be used in the second request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(308, "308 Permanent Redirect")}}
+
This means that the resource is now permanently located at another URI, specified by the Location: HTTP Response header. This has the same semantics as the 301 Moved Permanently HTTP response code, with the exception that the user agent must not change the HTTP method used: If a POST was used in the first request, a POST must be used in the second request.
+
+ +

Client error responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(400, "400 Bad Request")}}
+
This response means that server could not understand the request due to invalid syntax.
+
{{HTTPStatus(401, "401 Unauthorized")}}
+
Although the HTTP standard specifies "unauthorized", semantically this response means "unauthenticated". That is, the client must authenticate itself to get the requested response.
+
402 Payment Required
+
This response code is reserved for future use. Initial aim for creating this code was using it for digital payment systems however this is not used currently.
+
{{HTTPStatus(403, "403 Forbidden")}}
+
The client does not have access rights to the content, i.e. they are unauthorized, so server is rejecting to give proper response. Unlike 401, the client's identity is known to the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(404, "404 Not Found")}}
+
The server can not find requested resource. In the browser, this means the URL is not recognized. In an API, this can also mean that the endpoint is valid but the resource itself does not exist. Servers may also send this response instead of 403 to hide the existence of a resource from an unauthorized client. This response code is probably the most famous one due to its frequent occurence on the web.
+
{{HTTPStatus(405, "405 Method Not Allowed")}}
+
The request method is known by the server but has been disabled and cannot be used. For example, an API may forbid DELETE-ing a resource. The two mandatory methods, GET and HEAD, must never be disabled and should not return this error code.
+
{{HTTPStatus(406, "406 Not Acceptable")}}
+
This response is sent when the web server, after performing server-driven content negotiation, doesn't find any content following the criteria given by the user agent.
+
{{HTTPStatus(407, "407 Proxy Authentication Required")}}
+
This is similar to 401 but authentication is needed to be done by a proxy.
+
{{HTTPStatus(408, "408 Request Timeout")}}
+
This response is sent on an idle connection by some servers, even without any previous request by the client. It means that the server would like to shut down this unused connection. This response is used much more since some browsers, like Chrome, Firefox 27+, or IE9, use HTTP pre-connection mechanisms to speed up surfing. Also note that some servers merely shut down the connection without sending this message.
+
{{HTTPStatus(409, "409 Conflict")}}
+
This response is sent when a request conflicts with the current state of the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(410, "410 Gone")}}
+
This response would be sent when the requested content has been permanently deleted from server, with no forwarding address. Clients are expected to remove their caches and links to the resource. The HTTP specification intends this status code to be used for "limited-time, promotional services". APIs should not feel compelled to indicate resources that have been deleted with this status code.
+
{{HTTPStatus(411, "411 Length Required")}}
+
Server rejected the request because the Content-Length header field is not defined and the server requires it.
+
{{HTTPStatus(412, "412 Precondition Failed")}}
+
The client has indicated preconditions in its headers which the server does not meet.
+
{{HTTPStatus(413, "413 Payload Too Large")}}
+
Request entity is larger than limits defined by server; the server might close the connection or return an Retry-After header field.
+
{{HTTPStatus(414, "414 URI Too Long")}}
+
The URI requested by the client is longer than the server is willing to interpret.
+
{{HTTPStatus(415, "415 Unsupported Media Type")}}
+
The media format of the requested data is not supported by the server, so the server is rejecting the request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(416, "416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable")}}
+
The range specified by the Range header field in the request can't be fulfilled; it's possible that the range is outside the size of the target URI's data.
+
{{HTTPStatus(417, "417 Expectation Failed")}}
+
This response code means the expectation indicated by the Expect request header field can't be met by the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(418, "418 I'm a teapot")}}
+
The server refuses the attempt to brew coffee with a teapot.
+
{{HTTPStatus(421, "421 Misdirected Request")}}
+
The request was directed at a server that is not able to produce a response. This can be sent by a server that is not configured to produce responses for the combination of scheme and authority that are included in the request URI.
+
{{HTTPStatus(422, "422 Unprocessable Entity")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The request was well-formed but was unable to be followed due to semantic errors.
+
{{HTTPStatus(423, "423 Locked")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The resource that is being accessed is locked.
+
{{HTTPStatus(424, "424 Failed Dependency")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The request failed due to failure of a previous request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(425, "425 Too Early")}}
+
Indicates that the server is unwilling to risk processing a request that might be replayed.
+
{{HTTPStatus(426, "426 Upgrade Required")}}
+
The server refuses to perform the request using the current protocol but might be willing to do so after the client upgrades to a different protocol. The server sends an {{HTTPHeader("Upgrade")}} header in a 426 response to indicate the required protocol(s).
+
{{HTTPStatus(428, "428 Precondition Required")}}
+
The origin server requires the request to be conditional. Intended to prevent the 'lost update' problem, where a client GETs a resource's state, modifies it, and PUTs it back to the server, when meanwhile a third party has modified the state on the server, leading to a conflict.
+
{{HTTPStatus(429, "429 Too Many Requests")}}
+
The user has sent too many requests in a given amount of time ("rate limiting").
+
{{HTTPStatus(431, "431 Request Header Fields Too Large")}}
+
The server is unwilling to process the request because its header fields are too large. The request MAY be resubmitted after reducing the size of the request header fields.
+
{{HTTPStatus(451, "451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons")}}
+
The user requests an illegal resource, such as a web page censored by a government.
+
+ +

Server error responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(500, "500 Internal Server Error")}}
+
The server has encountered a situation it doesn't know how to handle.
+
{{HTTPStatus(501, "501 Not Implemented")}}
+
The request method is not supported by the server and cannot be handled. The only methods that servers are required to support (and therefore that must not return this code) are GET and HEAD.
+
{{HTTPStatus(502, "502 Bad Gateway")}}
+
This error response means that the server, while working as a gateway to get a response needed to handle the request, got an invalid response.
+
{{HTTPStatus(503, "503 Service Unavailable")}}
+
The server is not ready to handle the request. Common causes are a server that is down for maintenance or that is overloaded. Note that together with this response, a user-friendly page explaining the problem should be sent. This responses should be used for temporary conditions and the Retry-After: HTTP header should, if possible, contain the estimated time before the recovery of the service. The webmaster must also take care about the caching-related headers that are sent along with this response, as these temporary condition responses should usually not be cached.
+
{{HTTPStatus(504, "504 Gateway Timeout")}}
+
This error response is given when the server is acting as a gateway and cannot get a response in time.
+
{{HTTPStatus(505, "505 HTTP Version Not Supported")}}
+
The HTTP version used in the request is not supported by the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(506, "506 Variant Also Negotiates")}}
+
The server has an internal configuration error: transparent content negotiation for the request results in a circular reference.
+
{{HTTPStatus(507, "507 Insufficient Storage")}}
+
The server has an internal configuration error: the chosen variant resource is configured to engage in transparent content negotiation itself, and is therefore not a proper end point in the negotiation process.
+
{{HTTPStatus(508, "508 Loop Detected")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The server detected an infinite loop while processing the request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(510, "510 Not Extended")}}
+
Further extensions to the request are required for the server to fulfill it.
+
{{HTTPStatus(511, "511 Network Authentication Required")}}
+
The 511 status code indicates that the client needs to authenticate to gain network access.
+
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +

{{Compat("http.status")}}

+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..493d39a29a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ +--- +title: Tekniker för webbutveckling +slug: Web +tags: + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Web +--- +

Öppenheten på Webben ger fantastiska möjligheter för utvecklare. För att kunna använda dessa teknologier till fullo så behöver du förstå hur du kan använda dem. Här nedan hittar du länkar till MDNs dokumentation om Webbteknologier.

+ +
+
+

Webbteknologier

+ +

Grunden

+ +
+
HTML
+
HyperText Markup Language är språket som beskriver och definierar innehållet i en webbsida på ett strukturerat sätt.
+
CSS
+
Cascading Style Sheets används för att beskriva utseendet för innehållet i webben.
+
HTTP
+
Hypertext Transfer Protocol används för att hämta och ändra HTML och andra entiteter och dokument som finns tillgänliga på webben.
+
+ +

Scripting

+ +
+
JavaScript
+
JavaScript är ett programspråk som kör i en webbläsare. Språket används för att bland annat bygga avancerade interaktiva webbsidor och applikationer.
+
Web APIs
+
Web Application Programming Interfaces används till allehanda uppgifter, till exempelvis ändra DOM strukturen för ett dokument, spela ljud, video eller generera grafik i 3D. De består av individuella API:er som tillsammans bygger upp den kraftfulla scriptbarheten på webben, inkluderat DOM och de relaterade API och interface som kan användas för att bygga webbsidor och applikationer. +
    +
  • Web API interface reference - beskriver alla interface som är tillgängliga för att utveckla applikationer för webben.
    • +
  • WebAPI beskriver kommunikation, hur tillgång ges till hårdvaran, samt de andra API:erna som är tillgängliga för webbaplikationer.
    • +
  • Event reference listar alla events som finns tillgängliga för att lyssna till, eller reagera på händelser som sker på en webbsida eller aplikation.
    • +
+
+
+ +

Graphics

+ +
+
SVG
+
Scalable Vector Graphics let you describe images as sets of vectors (lines) and shapes in order to allow them to scale smoothly regardless of the size at which they're drawn.
+
WebGL
+
WebGL brings 3D graphics to the Web by introducing an API that closely conforms to OpenGL ES 2.0, and which can be used in HTML {{HTMLElement("canvas")}} elements.
+
+ +

Other

+ +
+
MathML
+
The Mathematical Markup Language makes it possible to display complex mathematical equations and syntax.
+
+
+ +
+

Documentation by type

+ +
+
Web Developer Guide
+
The Web Developer Guide provides useful how-to content to help you actually use Web technologies to do what you want or need to do.
+
Tutorials for Web developers
+
A list of tutorials to take you step-by-step through learning APIs, technologies, or broad topic areas.
+
References
+
This page will offer links to all reference information on MDN, but for now use one of the technology links in the left section.
+
+ +

Other topics

+ +
+
Developing Web applications
+
Documentation for Web application developers; Web apps are true write-once, deploy anywhere apps for mobile, desktop, and Firefox OS.
+
Accessibility
+
Accessibility in Web development means enabling as many people as possible to use Web sites, even when those people's abilities are limited in some way. Here we provide information on developing Web content to be accessible.
+
Security
+
Ensuring that your Web site or open Web app is secure is critical.
+
+
+
+ +

View All...

diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/javascript/guide/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/guide/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8ae86f324f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/guide/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +--- +title: JavaScript Guide +slug: Web/JavaScript/Guide +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Guide +--- +
{{jsSidebar("JavaScript Guide")}}
+ +

"The JavaScript Guide" går igenom hur du använder JavaScript och ger en överblick över språket. Om du behöver genomgripande information om en språk funktion, ta en titt på JavaScript referens delen.

+ +

Kapitel

+ +

Denna guide är indelad i flera kapitel:

+ + + + + + + + + +

{{Next("Web/JavaScript/Guide/Introduction")}}

diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/javascript/guide/introduction/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/guide/introduction/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c7860d98a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/guide/introduction/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ +--- +title: Introduktion +slug: Web/JavaScript/Guide/Introduction +tags: + - Handbok + - Introduktion + - JavaScript + - Nybörjare +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Guide/Introduction +--- +
{{jsSidebar("JavaScript Guide")}} {{PreviousNext("Web/JavaScript/Guide", "Web/JavaScript/Guide/Grammar_and_types")}}
+ +

I det här kapitlet av JavaScript diskuterar vi några av dess grundläggande begrepp.

+ +

Vad du redan bör veta

+ +

Denna handbok förutsätter att du har följande grundläggande bakgrund:

+ + + +

Vart du hittar information om JavaScript

+ +

JavaScript dokumentation på MDN omfattar följande:

+ + + +

Om du är ny på JavaScript börja med artiklarna i learning area och JavaScript Guide. När du har ett fast grepp om grunderna, kan du använda JavaScript Reference för att få mer information om enskilda objekt och uttryck.

+ +

Vad är JavaScript?

+ +

JavaScript är ett plattformsoberoende, objektorienterat skriptspråk. Det är ett litet lättvikt språk som används i en värdmiljön (till exempel en webbläsare), JavaScript kan förbinda sig till värdens miljöobjekt, för att ge programmatisk kontroll över dem.

+ +

JavaScript innehåller ett standardbibliotek av objekt, såsom Array, Date, och Math, och en grundläggande uppsättning av språkelement såsom operatörer, styrstrukturer och uttryck. Kärnan i JavaScript kan förlängas för en mängd olika syften genom att komplettera den med ytterligare objekt, till exempel:

+ + + +

JavaScript och Java

+ +

JavaScript och Java är liknande på vissa sätt, men fundamentalt annorlunda i vissa andra. JavaScript liknar Java men har inte Java's statiska typning och starka typkontroll. JavaScript har dock för de mesta samma syntax som Java,  som var anledningen till att man döpte om JavaScript från LiveScript.

+ +

Till skillnad från Javas kompilering av system klasser byggda av deklarationer, stöder JavaScript ett runtime system, baserat på ett litet antal datatyper som representerar numeriska, Boolean och strängvärden . JavaScript har en prototyp baserad objektmodell istället för den mer vanliga klassbaserade modell. Prototyp bas modellen ger dynamiskt arv; det vill säga vad som ärvs kan variera för enskilda objekt. JavaScript stöder också funktioner utan några speciella deklarativa krav. Funktioner kan vara egenskaper som tillhör objekt och exekveras såsom löst skrivna metoder.

+ +

JavaScript är ett mycket fritt formspråk jämfört med Java. Du behöver inte deklarera alla variabler, klasser och metoder. Du behöver inte bekymra sig om metoder är offentliga, privata eller skyddade och du behöver inte genomföra gränssnitt. Variabler, parametrar och funktionsreturtyper inte uttryckligen typad.

+ +

Java är ett programmeringsspråk klassbaserad avsedd för snabb exekvering och typsäkerhet. Typsäkerhet betyder, till exempel, att du inte kan kasta ett Java heltal till en objektreferens eller tillgå privat minne genom att korrumpera Java bytekoder . Javas klassbaseradmodell innebär att program består uteslutande av klasser och deras metoder. Java klass arv och stark typning kräver iallmänhet hårt kopplade objekt hierarkier. Dessa krav gör Java-programmering mer komplex än JavaScript programmering.

+ +

I kontrast, JavaScript stiger ned i ande från en linje av mindre, dynamiskt typade språk såsom Hypertalk och dBASE. Dessa skriptspråk ger programmeringsverktyg till en mycket bredare publik på grund av deras lättare syntax, specialiserade inbyggd funktionalitet och minimikrav för att skapa objekt.

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
JavaScript jämfört med Java
JavaScriptJava
Objektorienterad. Ingen åtskillnad mellan olika typer av objekt. Arv är genom prototypen mekanismen, och egenskaper och metoder kan läggas till alla objekt dynamiskt.Klass-baserade. Objekt är indelade i klasser och instanser med all arv genom klasshierarkin . Klasser och instanser kan inte ha egenskaper eller metoder tillsatta dynamiskt.
Variablers datatyper är inte deklarerade (dynamisk typning).Variablel datatyper måste deklareras (statisk typning).
Det går inte att automatiskt skriva till hårddisken.Kan automatiskt skriva till hårddisken.
+ +

För mer information om skillnaderna mellan JavaScript och Java, se kapitlet Details of the object model.

+ +

JavaScript och ECMAScript specifikationen

+ +

JavaScript är standardiserad vid Ecma International — den europeiska sammanslutningen för standardisering informations- och kommunikationssystem (ECMA var tidigare en akronym för Europeiska Computer Manufacturers Association) för att leverera en standardiserad internationell programmeringsspråk baserad på JavaScript. Denna standardiserade versionen av JavaScript, kallad ECMAScript, beter sig på samma sätt i alla program som stöder standarden. Företag kan använda den öppna standarden av språket för att utveckla en egen implementation av JavaScript. ECMAScript standard dokumenteras i ECMA-262-specifikationen. Se New in JavaScript för att lära dig mer om olika versioner av JavaScript och ECMAScript specifikations upplagor.

+ +

ECMA-262 standarden är också godkänd av ISO (International Organization for Standardization) som ISO-16262.Du kan också hitta specifikation på Ecma International's hemsida. ECMAScript specifikationen beskriver inte Document Object Model (DOM), som standardiserats av World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) och/eller WHATWG (Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group). DOM definierar det sätt på vilket HTML dokument objekt exponeras för ditt skript. För att få en bättre uppfattning om de olika tekniker som används vid programmering med JavaScript, konsultera artikeln JavaScript technologies overview.

+ +

JavaScript dokumentationen kontra ECMAScript specifikationen

+ +

ECMAScript specifikationen är en uppsättning regler för att implementera ECMAScript; vilket är användbart om du vill genomföra standard kompatibla språkfunktioner av ECMAScript implementation eller motor (t.ex. Spidermonkey i Firefox eller v8 i Chrome).

+ +

ECMAScript specifikationen är inte avsett att hjälpa skript programmerare; använda JavaScript dokumentationen för information om hur du skriver skript.

+ +

ECMAScript specifikationen använder terminologi och syntax som kan vara främmande för en JavaScript programmerare. Även om beskrivningen av språket kan skilja sig i ECMAScript, förblir själva språket densamma . JavaScript stöder alla funktioner som beskrivs i ECMAScript specifikationen.

+ +

Däremot så finns det i JavaScript dokumentationen aspekter av språket som är lämpligt för en JavaScript programmerare.

+ +

Komma igång med JavaScript

+ +

Komma igång med JavaScript är enkelt: allt du behöver är en modern webbläsare. Denna guide innehåller några JavaScript funktioner som endast tillgängliga i de senaste versionerna av Firefox, så använder den senaste versionen av Firefox rekommenderas.

+ +

Det finns två verktyg inbyggda i Firefox som är användbara för att experimentera med JavaScript: Webb Konsol och Kladdblocket.

+ +

Webb Konsol

+ +

Webb Konsol visar information om den aktuellat laddade webbsida och innehåller även en kommandorad som du kan använda för att köra JavaScript uttryck i den aktuella sidan.

+ +

För att öppna webbkonsolen (Ctrl+Shift+K på Windows och Linux eller Cmd-Option-K på Mac), välj "Webb Konsole" från "Webbutvecklare" menyn,som är under menyn "Verktyg" i Firefox. Det visas längst ned i webbläsarfönstret . Längs botten av konsolen är en kommandorad som du kan använda för att komma in JavaScript och utgången visas i rutan ovan:

+ +

+ +

Kladdblocket

+ +

Webb Konsol är bra för att utföra enkla rader JavaScript, men även om du kan utföra flera rader, är den lite bökig att använda med flera rader. Du kan heller inte spara dina kodexempel när du använder webbkonsolen. För mer komplexa exempel är  Kladdblocket ett bättre verktyg.

+ +

För att öppna Kladdblocket (Shift+F4), och välj "Kladdblocket" from the "Webbutvecklare" menyn, som är under menyn i Firefox. Den öppnas i ett separat fönster och är en editor som du kan använda för att skriva och exekvera JavaScript i webbläsaren. Du kan också läsa/spara in dem från disk.

+ +

+ +

Hello world

+ +

För att komma igång med att skriva JavaScript öppnar Kladdblocket och skriv din första "Hello world" JavaScript-kod:

+ +
function greetMe(yourName) {
+  alert('Hello ' + yourName);
+}
+
+greetMe('World');
+
+ +

Välj koden i blocket och tryck ner Ctrl+R för att se det utvecklas i din webbläsare!

+ +

På följande sidor kommer den här guiden introducera dig till JavaScript syntax och språkfunktioner, så att du kommer att kunna skriva mer komplexa applikationer.

+ +

{{PreviousNext("Web/JavaScript/Guide", "Web/JavaScript/Guide/Grammar_and_types")}}

diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/javascript/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..26adc7f23f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +--- +title: JavaScript +slug: Web/JavaScript +tags: + - Inlära +translation_of: Web/JavaScript +--- +
{{JsSidebar}}
+ +

JavaScript® (ofta förkortat till JS) är ett lättviktigt, tolkat, eller "just-in-time"-kompilerat programmeringsspråk med first-class-funktioner, mest känt som skriptspråk för hemsidor, men används även i många sammanhang utanför webbläsaren så som i Node.js, Apache CouchDB eller Adobe Acrobat. Språket är ett prototyp-baserat multi-paradigmskriptingspråk som är dynamiskt typat och stödjer en objektorienterad, imperativ och funktionell programmeringsstil. Läs mer om JavaScript här.

+ +

Standarden för JavaScript kallas ECMAScript. Från och med 2012 stödjer alla moderna webbläsare ECMAScript 5.1. Äldre webbläsare stödjer åtminstone ECMAScript 3. Den 17:e Juni 2015 publicerades den större versionen av ECMAScript, som officiellt kallas för ECMAScript 2015, men refererad ofta som ECMAScript 6 eller ES6. Sedan 2015-versionen släpps nya standarder årsvis. Denna dokumentation täcker det senaste utkastet, vilket för närvarande är ECMAScript 2020.

+ +

Denna delen av sidan är dedikerad till själva språket JavaScript; delarna som inte är direkt kopplade till hemsidor, eller servermiljö. För information till {{Glossary("API","API:er")}} specifikt för hemsidor, se Web APIs och DOM.

+ +

JavaScript skall inte förväxlas med programmeringsspråket Java. Java och JavaScript har helt olika syntax och används i olika syften. Java är ett varumärke och är registrerat av Oracle i USA och andra länder.

+ +
+
+

Guider

+ +

Lär dig att programmera i JavaScript med våra guider.

+ +

Introduktion

+ +
+
JavaScript Guide
+
Om du är ny på JavaScript, kommer den här guiden ta dig igenom språket.
+
JavaScript teknisk översikt
+
Introduktion till JavaScript webbläsarmiljö.
+
Introduktion till Objektorienterad JavaScript
+
Introduktion till konceptet av objekt orienterad programmering i JavaScript.
+
+ +

Intermediär

+ +
+
En återintroduktion till JavaScript
+
En översikt för dem som tror att de kan JavaScript.
+
+ +
+
Datastrukturer i JavaScript
+
Översikt över de tillgängliga datastrukturerna i JavaScript.
+
Jämförelse och likheter
+
JavaScript erbjuder tre olika operatörer för värde-jämförelser: Vid strikt likhet används ===, vid mindre strikt likhet används ==, och {{jsxref("Global_Objects/Object/is", "Object.is()")}}-metoden.
+
+ +

Avancerad

+ +
+
Prototyper och dess arvskedja
+
Förklarar hur arv baserat på prototyper fungerar vars begrepp allt som oftast både är missförstått och undervärderat.
+
Strikt läge
+
En strikt variant av JavaScript.
+
JavaScript typed arrays
+
"JavaScript typed arrays" tillförser en mekanism för att komma åt rå binär-data.
+
Minneshantering
+
Livscykel för minne och avfallshantering (garbage collection) i JavaScript.
+
Concurrency-programmering och Event-loopen
+
Javascript har en modell för concurrency ("samtidighet") baserad på en "event-loop".
+
+
+ +
+

Referens

+ +

Bläddra bland vår JavaScript-referens här.

+ +
+
Standardobjekt
+
Lär dig om de inbyggda objekten i JavaScript: {{jsxref("Array")}}, {{jsxref("Boolean")}}, {{jsxref("Date")}}, {{jsxref("Error")}}, {{jsxref("Function")}}, {{jsxref("JSON")}}, {{jsxref("Math")}}, {{jsxref("Number")}}, {{jsxref("Object")}}, {{jsxref("RegExp")}}, {{jsxref("String")}}, {{jsxref("Map")}}, {{jsxref("Set")}}, {{jsxref("WeakMap")}} , {{jsxref("WeakSet")}}, and others.
+
Uttryck och operatörer
+
Lär dig mer om hur JavaScript behandlar operatörer: {{jsxref("Operators/instanceof", "instanceof")}}, {{jsxref("Operators/typeof", "typeof")}}, {{jsxref("Operators/new", "new")}}, {{jsxref("Operators/this", "this")}}, operator precedence, och mer.
+
+ Inom programmering är uttryck "expressions" på engelska.
+
Satser och deklarationer
+
Lär dig hur {{jsxref("Statements/do...while", "do-while")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/for...in", "for-in")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/for...of", "for-of")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/try...catch", "try-catch")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/let", "let")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/var", "var")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/const", "const")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/if...else", "if-else")}}, {{jsxref("Statements/switch", "switch")}}, och mer JavaScript-satser fungerar.
+
+ Inom programmering är satser "statements" på engelska.
+
Funktioner
+
Lär dig hur man arbetar med JavaScripts funktioner för att utveckla din applikation.
+
+ +

Verktyg och resurser

+ +

Hjälpfulla verktyg när du skriver och avlusar ("debuggar") din JavaScript-kod.

+ +
+
Firefox Developer Tools
+
Scratchpad, Web Console, JavaScript Profiler, Debugger, och mer.
+
JavaScript Shells
+
Ett JavaScript-skal som tillåter dig att snabbt testa JavaScript-kodsnuttar.
+
TogetherJS
+
+

Samarbete gjort enkelt.

+
+
Stack Overflow
+
Stack Overflow är ett QA-forum för programmerare. Se efter frågor taggade med "JavaScript".
+
JavaScript-versioner och utgivningsanteckningar
+
Bläddra bland JavaScripts funktions-historia och implementationsstatus.
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/extends/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/extends/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c72398e470 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/extends/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ +--- +title: extends +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/extends +tags: + - ECMAScript 2015 + - JavaScript + - Klasser +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/extends +--- +
{{jsSidebar("Classes")}}
+ +

Nyckelorder extends används i klassdeklarationer eller klassuttryck för att skapa en klass som är barn till en annan klass.

+ +

Syntax

+ +
class ChildClass extends ParentClass { ... }
+ +

Beskrivning

+ +

Nyckelordet extends kan användas för att subklassa anpassade klasser såväl som inbyggda objekt.

+ +

.prototype vid användning av extends måste vara en {{jsxref("Object")}} eller {{jsxref("null")}}.

+ +

Exempel

+ +

Använda extends

+ +

Första exemplet skapar en klass som heter Square från en klass kallad Polygon. Exemplet är extraherat från denna live demo (källkod).

+ +
class Square extends Polygon {
+  constructor(length) {
+    // Här anropas föräldraklassens constructor med längd
+    // angiven för Polygons bredd och höjd
+    super(length, length);
+    // Notera: i underliggande klasser, måste super() anropas innan du
+    // kan använda 'this'. Utelämnande av detta kommer orsaka ett "reference error".
+    this.name = 'Square';
+  }
+
+  get area() {
+    return this.height * this.width;
+  }
+
+  set area(value) {
+    this.height = this.width = Math.sqrt(value);
+    this.area = value;
+  }
+}
+ +

Användning av extends med inbyggda objekt

+ +

Detta exempel utökar det inbyggda objektet {{jsxref("Date")}}. Exemplet är extraherat från denna live demo (källkod).

+ +
class myDate extends Date {
+  constructor() {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  getFormattedDate() {
+    var months = ['Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun','Jul','Aug','Sep','Oct','Nov','Dec'];
+    return this.getDate() + "-" + months[this.getMonth()] + "-" + this.getFullYear();
+  }
+}
+ +

Utökning av null

+ +

Utökning från {{jsxref("null")}} fungerar som en normal klass, förutom att prototype objektet inte ärver från {{jsxref("Object.prototype")}}.

+ +
class nullExtends extends null {
+  constructor() {}
+}
+
+Object.getPrototypeOf(nullExtends); // Function.prototype
+Object.getPrototypeOf(nullExtends.prototype) // null
+ +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationStatusKommentar
{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-class-definitions', 'extends')}}{{Spec2('ES6')}}Initial definition.
{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'extends')}}{{Spec2('ESDraft')}} 
+ +

Browserkompabilitet

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
Basic support{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
Array subclassing{{CompatChrome(43.0)}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari MobileChrome for Android
Bassupport{{CompatNo}}{{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}
Array subklassning{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatChrome(43.0)}}
+
+ +

Se även

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d3ac6aca7f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,383 @@ +--- +title: Classes +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes +tags: + - Classes + - Constructors + - ECMAScript 2015 + - Inheritance + - Intermediate + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes +--- +
{{JsSidebar("Classes")}}
+ +

JavaScript classes introduced in ECMAScript 2015 are syntactical sugar over JavaScript's existing prototype-based inheritance. The class syntax is not introducing a new object-oriented inheritance model to JavaScript. JavaScript classes provide a much simpler and clearer syntax to create objects and deal with inheritance.

+ +

Defining classes

+ +

Classes are in fact "special functions", and just as you can define function expressions and function declarations, the class syntax has two components: class expressions and class declarations.

+ +

Class declarations

+ +

One way to define a class is using a class declaration. To declare a class, you use the class keyword with the name of the class ("Polygon" here).

+ +
class Polygon {
+  constructor(height, width) {
+    this.height = height;
+    this.width = width;
+  }
+}
+ +

Hoisting

+ +

An important difference between function declarations and class declarations is that function declarations are {{Glossary("Hoisting", "hoisted")}} and class declarations are not. You first need to declare your class and then access it, otherwise code like the following will throw a {{jsxref("ReferenceError")}}:

+ +
var p = new Polygon(); // ReferenceError
+
+class Polygon {}
+
+ +

Class expressions

+ +

A class expression is another way to define a class. Class expressions can be named or unnamed. The name given to a named class expression is local to the class's body.

+ +
// unnamed
+var Polygon = class {
+  constructor(height, width) {
+    this.height = height;
+    this.width = width;
+  }
+};
+
+// named
+var Polygon = class Polygon {
+  constructor(height, width) {
+    this.height = height;
+    this.width = width;
+  }
+};
+
+ +

Note: Class expressions also suffer from the same hoisting issues mentioned for Class declarations.

+ +

Class body and method definitions

+ +

The body of a class is the part that is in curly brackets {}. This is where you define class members, such as methods or constructors.

+ +

Strict mode

+ +

The bodies of class declarations and class expressions are executed in strict mode.

+ +

Constructor

+ +

The constructor method is a special method for creating and initializing an object created with a class. There can only be one special method with the name "constructor" in a class. A {{jsxref("SyntaxError")}} will be thrown if the class contains more than one occurrence of a constructor method.

+ +

A constructor can use the super keyword to call the constructor of a parent class.

+ +

Prototype methods

+ +

See also method definitions.

+ +
class Polygon {
+  constructor(height, width) {
+    this.height = height;
+    this.width = width;
+  }
+
+  get area() {
+    return this.calcArea();
+  }
+
+  calcArea() {
+    return this.height * this.width;
+  }
+}
+
+const square = new Polygon(10, 10);
+
+console.log(square.area);
+ +

Static methods

+ +

The static keyword defines a static method for a class. Static methods are called without instantiating their class and are also not callable when the class is instantiated. Static methods are often used to create utility functions for an application.

+ +
class Point {
+  constructor(x, y) {
+    this.x = x;
+    this.y = y;
+  }
+
+  static distance(a, b) {
+    const dx = a.x - b.x;
+    const dy = a.y - b.y;
+
+    return Math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);
+  }
+}
+
+const p1 = new Point(5, 5);
+const p2 = new Point(10, 10);
+
+console.log(Point.distance(p1, p2));
+ +

Boxing with prototype and static methods

+ +

When a static or prototype method is called without an object valued "this" (or with "this" as boolean, string, number, undefined or null), then the "this" value will be undefined inside the called function. Autoboxing will not happen. The behaviour will be the same even if we write the code in non-strict mode.

+ +
class Animal {
+  speak() {
+    return this;
+  }
+  static eat() {
+    return this;
+  }
+}
+
+let obj = new Animal();
+let speak = obj.speak;
+speak(); // undefined
+
+let eat = Animal.eat;
+eat(); // undefined
+ +

If we write the above code using traditional function based classes, then autoboxing will happen based on the "this" value overwhich the function was called.

+ +
function Animal() { }
+
+Animal.prototype.speak = function(){
+  return this;
+}
+
+Animal.eat = function() {
+  return this;
+}
+
+let obj = new Animal();
+let speak = obj.speak;
+speak(); // global object
+
+let eat = Animal.eat;
+eat(); // global object
+
+ +

Sub classing with extends

+ +

The extends keyword is used in class declarations or class expressions to create a class as a child of another class.

+ +
class Animal {
+  constructor(name) {
+    this.name = name;
+  }
+
+  speak() {
+    console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.');
+  }
+}
+
+class Dog extends Animal {
+  speak() {
+    console.log(this.name + ' barks.');
+  }
+}
+
+var d = new Dog('Mitzie');
+d.speak();
+
+ +

If there is a constructor present in sub-class, it needs to first call super() before using "this".

+ +

One may also extend traditional function-based "classes":

+ +
function Animal (name) {
+  this.name = name;
+}
+
+Animal.prototype.speak = function () {
+  console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.');
+}
+
+class Dog extends Animal {
+  speak() {
+    console.log(this.name + ' barks.');
+  }
+}
+
+var d = new Dog('Mitzie');
+d.speak();
+
+ +

Note that classes cannot extend regular (non-constructible) objects. If you want to inherit from a regular object, you can instead use {{jsxref("Object.setPrototypeOf()")}}:

+ +
var Animal = {
+  speak() {
+    console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.');
+  }
+};
+
+class Dog {
+  constructor(name) {
+    this.name = name;
+  }
+  speak() {
+    console.log(this.name + ' barks.');
+  }
+}
+
+Object.setPrototypeOf(Dog.prototype, Animal);
+
+var d = new Dog('Mitzie');
+d.speak();
+
+ +

Species

+ +

You might want to return {{jsxref("Array")}} objects in your derived array class MyArray. The species pattern lets you override default constructors.

+ +

For example, when using methods such as {{jsxref("Array.map", "map()")}} that returns the default constructor, you want these methods to return a parent Array object, instead of the MyArray object. The {{jsxref("Symbol.species")}} symbol lets you do this:

+ +
class MyArray extends Array {
+  // Overwrite species to the parent Array constructor
+  static get [Symbol.species]() { return Array; }
+}
+
+var a = new MyArray(1,2,3);
+var mapped = a.map(x => x * x);
+
+console.log(mapped instanceof MyArray); // false
+console.log(mapped instanceof Array);   // true
+
+ +

Super class calls with super

+ +

The super keyword is used to call functions on an object's parent.

+ +
class Cat {
+  constructor(name) {
+    this.name = name;
+  }
+
+  speak() {
+    console.log(this.name + ' makes a noise.');
+  }
+}
+
+class Lion extends Cat {
+  speak() {
+    super.speak();
+    console.log(this.name + ' roars.');
+  }
+}
+
+ +

Mix-ins

+ +

Abstract subclasses or mix-ins are templates for classes. An ECMAScript class can only have a single superclass, so multiple inheritance from tooling classes, for example, is not possible. The functionality must be provided by the superclass.

+ +

A function with a superclass as input and a subclass extending that superclass as output can be used to implement mix-ins in ECMAScript:

+ +
var calculatorMixin = Base => class extends Base {
+  calc() { }
+};
+
+var randomizerMixin = Base => class extends Base {
+  randomize() { }
+};
+
+ +

A class that uses these mix-ins can then be written like this:

+ +
class Foo { }
+class Bar extends calculatorMixin(randomizerMixin(Foo)) { }
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}{{Spec2('ES6')}}Initial definition.
{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}{{Spec2('ESDraft')}} 
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeFirefox (Gecko)EdgeInternet ExplorerOperaSafari
Basic support{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}[1]
+ {{CompatChrome(49.0)}}		{{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}}13{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatSafari(9.0)}}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari MobileChrome for Android
Basic support{{CompatNo}}{{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}9{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}[1]
+ {{CompatChrome(49.0)}}
+
+ +

[1] Requires strict mode. Non-strict mode support is behind the flag "Enable Experimental JavaScript", disabled by default.

+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/static/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/static/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..515f4fbfec --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/classes/static/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ +--- +title: static +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/static +tags: + - Klasser + - Metoder + - Statiska funktioner +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/static +--- +
{{jsSidebar("Classes")}}
+ +

Nyckelordet static definierar en statisk metod för en klass.

+ +

Syntax

+ +
static methodName() { ... }
+ +

Beskrivning

+ +

Anrop på statiska metoder är gjorda direkt på klassen och kan inte göras genom instanser av klassen. Statiska metoder är ofta använda för att göra verktygsfunktioner.

+ +

Att anropa statiska metoder

+ +

Från en annan statisk metod

+ +

För att anropa en statisk metod från en annan statisk metod av samma klass, kan du använda "this".

+ +
class StaticMethodCall {
+  static staticMethod() {
+    return 'En statisk metod har blivit anropad';
+  }
+  static anotherStaticMethod() {
+    return this.staticMethod() + ' från en annan statisk metod!';
+  }
+}
+StaticMethodCall.staticMethod();
+// 'En statisk metod har blivit anropad'
+
+StaticMethodCall.anotherStaticMethod();
+// 'En statisk metod har blivit anropad från en annan statisk metod!'
+ +

Från en klasskonstruktor och andra metoder

+ +

Statiska metoder är inte tillgängliga genom att använda "this" från icke statiska metoder. Du behöver anropa dem genom att antingen använda klassnamnet: ClassName.staticMethodName() eller genom att anropa metoden som en egendom av konstruktorn: this.constructor.staticMethodName().

+ +
class StaticMethodCall {
+  constructor() {
+    console.log(StaticMethod.staticMethod());
+    // 'En statisk metod har blivit anropad.'
+
+    console.log(this.constructor.staticMethod());
+    // 'En statisk metod har blivit anropad.'
+  }
+
+  static staticMethod() {
+    return 'En statisk metod har blivit anropad.';
+  }
+}
+ +

Exempel

+ +

Det följande exemplet visar flera saker:

+ +
    +
  1. Hur en statisk metod implementeras på en klass.
    2. +
  2. Att en klass med en statisk medlem kan vara sub-klassad.
    3. +
  3. Hur en statisk metod kan och inte kan bli anropad.
    4. +
+ +
class Triple {
+  static triple(n) {
+    if (n === undefined) {
+      n = 1;
+    }
+    return n * 3;
+  }
+}
+
+class BiggerTriple extends Triple {
+  static triple(n) {
+    return super.triple(n) * super.triple(n);
+  }
+}
+
+console.log(Triple.triple());  // 3
+console.log(Triple.triple(6)); // 18
+
+var tp = new Triple();
+
+console.log(BiggerTriple.triple(3));
+// 81 (Påverkas inte av förälderns instans.)
+
+console.log(tp.triple());
+// 'tp.triple is not a function'.
+
+ +

Specifikationer

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecifikationStatusKommentar
{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}{{Spec2('ES2015')}}Första definition.
{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}{{Spec2('ESDraft')}} 
+ +

Webbläsarkompatibilitet

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionChromeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
Grundlig support{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop(45)}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FunktionAndroidFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari MobileChrome for Android
Grundlig support{{CompatNo}}{{CompatGeckoMobile(45)}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatChrome(42.0)}}
+
+ +

 

+ +

Läs också

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4205970b93 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/javascript/reference/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +--- +title: JavaScript reference +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference +tags: + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - 'l10n:priority' +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference +--- +
{{JsSidebar}}
+ +

This part of the JavaScript section on MDN serves as a repository of facts about the JavaScript language. Read more about this reference.

+ +

Global Objects

+ +

This chapter documents all the JavaScript standard built-in objects, along with their methods and properties.

+ +
{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects', 'Standard_objects_by_category')}}
+ +

Statements

+ +

This chapter documents all the JavaScript statements and declarations.

+ +
{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements', 'Statements_and_declarations_by_category')}}
+ +

Expressions and operators

+ +

This chapter documents all the JavaScript expressions and operators.

+ +
{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators', 'Expressions_and_operators_by_category')}}
+ +

Functions

+ +

This chapter documents how to work with JavaScript functions to develop your applications.

+ + + +

Additional reference pages

+ + diff --git a/files/sv-se/web/security/index.html b/files/sv-se/web/security/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..74288398ad --- /dev/null +++ b/files/sv-se/web/security/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +--- +title: Web security +slug: Web/Security +tags: + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - Security + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Web/Security +--- +
+

Ensuring that your website or open web application is secure is critical. Even simple bugs in your code can result in private information being leaked, and bad people are out there trying to find ways to steal data. The web security oriented articles listed here provide information that may help you secure your site and its code from attacks and data theft.

+
+ +

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

+ +

{{QuickLinksWithSubpages}}

diff --git "a/files/sv-se/web/security/os\303\244kra_l\303\266senord/index.html" "b/files/sv-se/web/security/os\303\244kra_l\303\266senord/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1eea2560da --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/sv-se/web/security/os\303\244kra_l\303\266senord/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +--- +title: Osäkra lösenord +slug: Web/Security/Osäkra_lösenord +tags: + - GörLäsareAgnostiker + - Mellanliggande + - Osäker + - Säkerhet + - Webb + - lösenord +translation_of: Web/Security/Insecure_passwords +--- +

Att betjäna inloggningsformulär genom HTTP är särskilt farligt på grund av det stora utbudet av attacker som kan användas mot dem för att extrahera en användares lösenord. Nätverkstjuvlyssnare skulle kunna stjäla en användares lösenord genom att sniffa nätverket, eller genom att ändra den betjänade sidan i genomresa. Denna sida detaljerar säkerhetsmekanismen som Firefox har infört för att varna användare och utvecklare om risker angående osäkra lösenord och lösenordsstöld.

+ +

HTTPS-protokollen är designad för att försvara användardata från tjuvlyssnare (konfidentialitet) och från ändring (integritet) på nätverket. Webbsidor som hanterar användardata borde använda HTTPS för att försvara deras användare från attackerare. Om en webbsida använder HTTP istället för HTTPS, så är det trivialt att stjäla användarinformation (såsom deras inloggningskreditiv). Detta var känt demonstrerat av Firesheep.

+ +

För att åtgärda denna problem, installera och konfiguera en SSL/TLS cerifikat till din server. Det finns flera säljare som erbjuder gratis och köpta certifikat. Om du använder en molnplattform, så kan de ha deras egna sätt av att göra HTTPS möjligt.

+ +

Firefox lösenordssäkerhetsindikatorer

+ +

För att informera dig om hotet som är beskrivet ovan, genomför Firefox många varningsmekanismer:

+ +
    +
  1. Firefox 51+ kommer att visa en låsikon med en röd strykt linje i adressfältet när en inloggningsida inte har en säker anslutning, som visas nedan.
    + +

    Lock Icon

    +
    2. +
  2. Firefox 52+ kommer att visa en tydlig varning i URL-fältet och under en fokuserad lösenordsfält i vilken osäker formulär som helst.
    + +

    Warning

    +
    3. +
  3. Firefox 52+ har också inaktiverat autofyll för osäkra inloggningsformulär. Användare kan fortfarande manuellt autofullborda sparade inloggningar från nedfallslistan.
    4. +
  4. Varningar om osäkra inloggningsformulär kan också hittas i säkerhetspanelen av utvecklarkonsolen i alla Firefox utsläppningar, som är beskrivet i nästa sektion.
    5. +
+ +

Webbkonsolsmeddelanden

+ +

Denna sektion beskriver säkerhetsmeddelanden som är visade i utvecklarkonsolen av Firefox DevTools, i respons till osäkra lösenord.

+ +

Att betjäna inloggningsformulären genom HTTP

+ +

Även om formulärshandlingen är en HTTPS URL, så är användarens inloggningsformulär inte försvarad på grund av att en attackerare kan ändra sidan som är mottagen av användaren (till exempel, attackerare kan ändra formulärsdestinationen för att posta den känsliga datan över till en server som de kontrollerar, eller så kan de föra in en nyckelloggningsmanus som slår till deras lösenord medans de skriver den). Säkerhetsfliken av webbkonsolen kommer att varna utvecklare och användare om säkerhetsproblemet.

+ +

Insecure login form shown with the Web Console and contextual warning on the password field.

+ +
+

Not: Det är också inte säkert att bädda in en HTTPS inloggningssida i ett HTTP dokument — en attackerare skulle kunna ändra rut-URL:en till att peka mot en illvillig sida.

+
+ +

Att använda en HTTP URL i formulärshandlingen

+ +

I detta fall, vilken data som helst som användaren skriver in är skickat genom nätverket i form av enkel text.

+ +

Insecure login form action shown with the Web Console and contextual warning on the password field.

+ +

Not om lösenordsåteranvändning

+ +

Ibland kräver webbplatser användarnamn och lösenord, men faktiskt inte lagrar data som är väldigt känsliga. Till exempel, en nyhetssajt kan spara vilka artiklar en användare vill gå tillbaks till och läsa, men sparar inte något annat data om användaren. Webbutvecklare av nyhetssajter kan vara mindre motiverade till att säkra deras sajter och deras användarkreditiv.

+ +

Tyvärr, lösenordsåteranvändning är ett stort problem. Användare använder samma lösenord på flera sajter (nyhetswebbplatser, sociala nätverk, e-postsleverantörer, banker). Därför, även om tillträde till användarnamnet och lösenordet till din sajt inte verkar som en enorm risk till dig, så är det en stor risk till användare som har använt samma användarnamn och lösenord för att logga in på deras bankkonton. Attackerare blir smartare; de stjäl par användarnamn/lösenord från en sajt, och sedan försöker att återanvända dem på mer lukrativa sajter.

+ +

Se även

+ + + +

{{QuickLinksWithSubpages("/en-US/docs/Web/Security")}}

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+ "saharat.170214", + "pannawat.nm", + "produmdl", + "benz11260", + "taksakorn", + "teoli", + "fscholz" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Bluetooth": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:28:48.955Z", + "contributors": [ + "bershanskiy" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Bluetooth/onavailabilitychanged": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:28:45.649Z", + "contributors": [ + "srisuk19766" + ] + }, + "Web/API/CacheStorage": { + "modified": "2020-08-22T12:38:50.465Z", + "contributors": [ + "luciferz2130" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Geolocation": { + "modified": "2019-03-23T22:07:06.603Z", + "contributors": [ + "northvanhooser" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Geolocation_API": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:29:46.688Z", + "contributors": [ + "Chaiwat24", + "SphinxKnight", + "nwbl567" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Geolocation_API/Using_the_Geolocation_API": { + "modified": "2020-07-28T02:48:21.553Z", + "contributors": [ + "SphinxKnight", + "piyananjarutsri022" + ] + }, + "Web/API/History_API": { + "modified": "2019-03-18T21:12:00.554Z", + "contributors": [ + "SphinxKnight" + ] + }, + "Web/API/IndexedDB_API": { + "modified": "2019-03-18T21:41:47.120Z", + "contributors": [ + "Jatupan" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Location": { + "modified": "2019-03-18T21:33:00.088Z", + "contributors": [ + "depthdev" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Server-sent_events": { + "modified": "2019-07-25T02:31:57.327Z", + "contributors": [ + "SphinxKnight", + "filmendless" + ] + }, + "Web/API/WebGL_API": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:30:46.388Z", + "contributors": [ + "Tawoops" + ] + }, + "Web/API/WebSockets_API": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:31:06.629Z", + "contributors": [ + "peadrakw" + ] + }, + "Web/API/Window": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:33:16.953Z", + "contributors": [ + "luciferz2130" + ] + }, + "Web/API/XMLHttpRequest": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:18:02.697Z", + "contributors": [ + "weera1991" + ] + }, + "Web/API/XRReferenceSpaceType": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:28:59.643Z", + "contributors": [ + "srisuk19766" + ] + }, + "Web/CSS": { + "modified": "2020-06-15T00:41:37.200Z", + "contributors": [ + "Chainarong24NutDogg", + "SphinxKnight", + "athagoras", + "jswisher" + ] + }, + "Web/CSS/margin": { + "modified": "2019-03-23T22:21:58.914Z", + "contributors": [ + "athagoras" + ] + }, + "Web/Guide": { + "modified": "2019-03-23T23:21:03.054Z", + "contributors": [ + "www_test" + ] + }, + "Web/Guide/Graphics": { + "modified": "2020-06-17T05:44:57.223Z", + "contributors": [ + "Tawoops" + ] + }, + "Web/HTTP": { + "modified": "2020-10-07T12:00:24.952Z", + "contributors": [ + "james1979-th", + "tanchanok.klanthip", + "wirocnchu", + "gamemher2540", + "groovecoder" + ] + }, + "Web/HTTP/CORS": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:09:54.933Z", + "contributors": [ + "ghayth.mkh" + ] + }, + "Web/HTTP/CORS/Errors": { + "modified": "2019-03-18T21:24:52.809Z", + "contributors": [ + "nchevobbe" + ] + }, + "Web/HTTP/Status": { + "modified": "2019-03-23T22:02:20.627Z", + "contributors": [ + "mgold" + ] + }, + "Web/HTTP/Status/201": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T21:59:06.958Z", + "contributors": [ + "panuwizzle" + ] + }, + "Web/JavaScript": { + "modified": "2020-03-22T02:25:15.696Z", + "contributors": [ + "ipskn2dev", + "SphinxKnight", + "gdaz", + "Pipat", + "enthdoc", + "Bon1986", + "kerawits", + "spywhere", + "adadesions", + "teoli", + "Oliver_Propst" + ] + }, + "Web/Manifest": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:20:13.119Z", + "contributors": [ + "wbamberg" + ] + }, + "Web/Manifest/icons": { + "modified": "2020-10-15T22:20:14.805Z", + "contributors": [ + "SphinxKnight", + "Somchai-99" + ] + }, + "Web/Progressive_web_apps": { + "modified": "2020-05-13T03:40:40.802Z", + "contributors": [ + "laurenslang91" + ] + }, + "Web/Progressive_web_apps/Add_to_home_screen": { + "modified": "2020-05-13T03:40:42.415Z", + "contributors": [ + "SphinxKnight" + ] + }, + "Web/Security": { + "modified": "2020-12-07T17:30:28.307Z", + "contributors": [ + "jswisher" + ] + }, + "Web/Security/Mixed_content": { + "modified": "2020-05-29T14:46:01.678Z", + "contributors": [ + "rambo-panda" + ] + }, + "Web/Tutorials": { + "modified": "2019-09-13T21:22:10.128Z", + "contributors": [ + "Kritlnwzeed38" + ] + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/files/th/archive/add-ons/deploying_a_plugin_as_an_extension/index.html b/files/th/archive/add-ons/deploying_a_plugin_as_an_extension/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..99cb34be71 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/add-ons/deploying_a_plugin_as_an_extension/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +--- +title: Deploying a Plugin as an Extension +slug: Archive/Add-ons/Deploying_a_Plugin_as_an_Extension +tags: + - Plugins + - add-on +translation_of: Archive/Add-ons/Deploying_a_Plugin_as_an_Extension +--- +

One of the new features available in Firefox 1.5 is the ability to place browser plugins in a Firefox extension. This feature is particularly useful for vendors who wish to deploy the plugin even if Firefox is not currently installed, or who want to use the automatic extension update mechanism to update their plugin to a newer version.

+ +

Historically, most people have chosen to use an install.js script to install a plugin. When this method is used, you can choose to either place the plugin into the plugins directory, or, on Windows, place it into your own directory and modify the Windows registry to let Firefox know where to find the plugin. The downside to this method is that once the plugin is installed, it might be difficult for users to upgrade, uninstall, or disable the plugin.

+ +

With Firefox 1.5, you can use the built-in extension mechanism to make a plugin available to your users. This allows the plugin to be treated like other Firefox extensions; it can be upgraded, disabled, or uninstalled using the Firefox user interface.

+ +

In this article, we will create an extension for the Rhapsody Player Engine. Normally, this plugin is installed in a local directory, and a registry item is used to let Firefox know about the plugin.

+ +

First, let's take a look at the structure of the XPI file used for a browser plugin.

+ +
RhapsodyPlayerEngine_Inst_Win.xpi
+  install.rdf
+  plugins/
+    license.rtf
+    nprhapengine.dll
+
+ +

The important file here is the install.rdf file. This contains information about our extension; all extensions have one. Here's what a basic install.rdf file looks like:

+ +
<RDF xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
+     xmlns:em="http://www.mozilla.org/2004/em-rdf#">
+  <Description about="urn:mozilla:install-manifest">
+    <em:id>RhapsodyPlayerEngine@rhapsody.com</em:id>
+    <em:name>Rhapsody Player Engine</em:name>
+    <em:version>1.0.0.487</em:version>
+
+    <em:targetApplication>
+      <Description>
+        <em:id>{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}</em:id>
+        <em:minVersion>1.5</em:minVersion>
+        <em:maxVersion>1.5.0.*</em:maxVersion>
+      </Description>
+    </em:targetApplication>
+
+  </Description>
+</RDF>
+
+ +

You can get more detailed information about this file at install.rdf.

+ +

We'll cover the basics.

+ +

The id specifies a unique ID that uniquely identifes this extension of the form. If you have written extensions for Firefox in the past, you'll notice that we no longer require the use of GUIDs as extension IDs.

+ +

The name specifies the name of the extension that appears in the extension manager.

+ +

The version is used for version checking when we are updating extensions.

+ +

The targetApplication section specifies that platform we want to work on (that ID is for Firefox). It also specifies what versions of Firefox we want to work with.

+ +

Now that we have an install.rdf file, we can actually package the XPI. Simply use the ZIP utility to create the XPI file. Make sure you keep the directory structure!

+ +

Now we can open the XPI in Firefox and it will get installed. You'll have to restart Firefox so the plugin will be available.

+ +

After restarting Firefox, the extension manager will include an entry for the Rhapsody Player Engine. Because it is an extension, we can disable/enable it, as well as uninstall it.

+ +

You'll notice that one thing we did not do is provide a mechanism for updating the plugin, as discussed at the beginning of this article. Let's cover that now.

+ +

One of the additional things that can be placed in the install.rdf is called an updateURL. For example:

+ +
<em:updateURL><http://www.rhapsody.com/update.rdf></em:updateURL>
+
+ +

This URL specifies an RDF file that can be used to tell Firefox that there are updates available for your extension. This RDF file can be updated to indicate that an update to our extension/plugin is available.

+ +

Finally, if you want to package plugins for multiple platforms into a single extension, you can do that as well. There are two ways to do this.

+ +

First, you can simply put all the files in the plugins directory. Firefox will load the correct plugins based on the platform, simply because the plugins for other platforms won't load.

+ +

If your plugin is for Windows, don't forget add to version resources to your plugin's DLL. Also, supply MIMEType and FileExtents, without these your plugin won't work.

+ +

Michael Kaply
+ Firefox Advocate
+ mkaply@us.ibm.com

diff --git a/files/th/archive/add-ons/index.html b/files/th/archive/add-ons/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9c0f942944 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/add-ons/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +--- +title: Add-ons +slug: Archive/Add-ons +tags: + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/Add-ons +--- +

Archived add-ons documentation.

+ +

{{SubpagesWithSummaries}}

diff --git a/files/th/archive/apps/design/index.html b/files/th/archive/apps/design/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6177bbf1c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/apps/design/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +--- +title: Designing Open Web Apps +slug: Archive/Apps/Design +tags: + - Apps + - CSS + - Design + - Examples + - Guide + - Layout + - Mobile + - NeedsTranslation + - Styleguides + - TopicStub + - UX + - Usability + - Web Development + - patterns +translation_of: Archive/Apps/Design +--- +
+

In this section, we'll introduce design and UX principles to incorporate into your Open Web Apps. In an effort to help you kickstart your project, we have included links to relevant examples and style guides.

+
+ +

General Web app design

+ +

The items under this section apply generally to Web app design.

+ +
+
Planning
+
The articles in this section provide information on planning a successful Web app, including high level planning ideas and general design principles.
+
UI layout basics
+
These articles provide guides and theory behind implementing effective layouts for Open Web Apps, including responsive design, flexible boxes, etc.
+
diff --git a/files/th/archive/apps/design/ui_layout_basics/index.html b/files/th/archive/apps/design/ui_layout_basics/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e9b9d4c5a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/apps/design/ui_layout_basics/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +--- +title: UI layout basics +slug: Archive/Apps/Design/UI_layout_basics +tags: + - Design + - Layouts + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - UI +translation_of: Archive/Apps/Design/UI_layout_basics +--- +
+

Guides and theory behind implementing effective layouts for Open Web Apps.

+
+ +
+
The building blocks of responsive design
+
Learn the basics of responsive design, an essential topic for modern app layout.
+
Responsive design versus adaptive design
+
Demystifying the terms "responsive" and "adaptive", and how they relate.
+
Mobile first
+
Often when creating responsive application layouts, it makes sense to create the mobile layout as the default, and build wider layouts on top.
+
Graphics for responsive sites
+
Ideas to keep in mind when designing graphics for responsive sites and applications.
+
Responsive navigation patterns
+
How do you make a UI that looks and works as great on a smartphone as it does on the desktop? Learn how to design UIs that change to fit your user's screen.
+
Flexible boxes
+
Flexbox is a very useful CSS feature for flexible, responsive layouts.
+
diff --git a/files/th/archive/apps/design/ui_layout_basics/responsive_design_versus_adaptive_design/index.html b/files/th/archive/apps/design/ui_layout_basics/responsive_design_versus_adaptive_design/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..46955e9f20 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/apps/design/ui_layout_basics/responsive_design_versus_adaptive_design/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: Responsive design versus adaptive design +slug: Archive/Apps/Design/UI_layout_basics/Responsive_design_versus_adaptive_design +translation_of: Archive/Apps/Design/UI_layout_basics/Responsive_design_versus_adaptive_design +--- +

ทั้งความพยายามในการออกแบบที่ตอบสนองและปรับตัวได้เพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพประสบการณ์ผู้ใช้ในอุปกรณ์ต่าง ๆ ปรับขนาดวิวพอร์ตที่แตกต่างกันความละเอียดบริบทการใช้งานกลไกการควบคุมและอื่น ๆ

+ +

การออกแบบที่ตอบสนองต่อการทำงานบนหลักการของความยืดหยุ่น - เว็บไซต์ของเหลวเดียวที่สามารถดูดีบนอุปกรณ์ใด ๆ เว็บไซต์ตอบสนองใช้การสืบค้นสื่อกริดที่ยืดหยุ่นและรูปภาพตอบสนองเพื่อสร้างประสบการณ์ผู้ใช้ที่ยืดหยุ่นและเปลี่ยนแปลงตามปัจจัยหลายประการ

+ +

การออกแบบที่ปรับเปลี่ยนได้นั้นมีความหมายเหมือนกับนิยามของการปรับปรุงแบบก้าวหน้า แทนที่จะเป็นการออกแบบที่ยืดหยุ่นเพียงแบบเดียวการออกแบบแบบปรับได้จะตรวจจับอุปกรณ์และคุณสมบัติอื่น ๆ จากนั้นให้คุณสมบัติและรูปแบบที่เหมาะสมโดยยึดตามขนาดชุดวิวพอร์ตที่กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้าและคุณสมบัติอื่น ๆ

diff --git a/files/th/archive/apps/index.html b/files/th/archive/apps/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dca7e09fea --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/apps/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: Apps +slug: Archive/Apps +tags: + - Apps + - Firefox OS + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Archive/Apps +--- +

This page includes archived content for Apps, including obsolete web app content, Firefox OS app-related content, and so forth.

+ +
Advanced topics
These articles provide extra information on more advanced Open Web Apps topics. Topics such as app architecture documentation to help with the design and implementation of open web apps and other documentation for creating a store for selling and distributing open web apps.
App Development API Reference
Technical review completed. Editorial review completed.
Designing Open Web Apps
The items under this section apply generally to Web app design.
Graphics and UX
When creating Open Web Apps, you need to give a lot of consideration to the look and feel, user experience and workflow of your applications. In previous parts of this material we looked at application planning and flexible layouts for applications, and in this section we will go further, looking at both general patterns and design techniques that work for Open Web Apps, and specific techniques and assets that will help you put together great-looking Firefox OS apps that match the experience of the device's default applications.
Open web app architecture
Apps can be installed from the server that hosts them ("self-hosting") or from a store. Mozilla launched the Firefox Marketplace in a test mode for apps in 2012. Other third-party app stores are also possible using this architecture. Apps can be free or paid. Stores can support validation of purchases to ensure that apps are run only by users who purchased them. The Firefox Marketplace will support this.
Rec Room - Animation and Graphics
There are various tools found all around the web for creating animations and graphics for your work. In this article, we will go over a few of these options so that you can use to make your project stand out! For example, CSS is one way to apply animations to HTML elements, while Chartist is a great tool for creating graphs and charts.
Tools and frameworks
Validating web apps with the App Validator
Some checks that the validator performs include:
diff --git a/files/th/archive/b2g_os/index.html b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ed3ae4c41f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +--- +title: B2G OS +slug: Archive/B2G_OS +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS +--- +

FireFox OS คือ โอเพนซอร์ส ด้วยเหตุนี้จึงฟรีจากเทคโนโลยีที่เป็นกรรมสิทธิ์, ในขณะที่ยังคงเปิดช่องทางสำหรับเหล่า นักพัฒนาแอพลิเคชั่นเพื่อสร้างสรรค์ผลิตภัณท์ที่ดีเยี่ยม นอกจากนี้ ยังคงยืดหยุ่นและมีประสิทธิภาพมากพอที่จะทำให้ผู้ใช้ปลายทางมีความสุข

+ +

Firefox OS ยังคงอยู่ภายใต้การพัฒนาอย่างหนัก; พวกเรายังคงทำงานอย่างไม่หยุดหย่อน บนเส้นทางที่จะทำให้ง่ายขึ้นสำหรับคุณในการใช้งานและแฮกระบบ Gaia (การตั้งค่าพื้นฐานของแอพ) ซึ่งจะเป็นการสร้างสไตล์ในแบบคุณ. อย่างไรก็ตาม, คุณจำเป็นต้องมีความรู้เกี่ยวกับระบบ เพื่อที่จะสร้างสรรค์ เช่น  การสร้าง Firefox OS stack ทั้งหมด, หรือ การแฟลชระบบเพื่อเปลี่ยนมาเป็น FireFox OS   ลิ้งค์นำทางด้านล่างนี้จะแนะแนวทางและเจตจำนง สำหรับนักพัฒนาเว็บ ที่มีความสนใจ ในการทำงานและการแก้ไขเปลี่ยนแปลง Gaia  หรือ กำลังพัฒนาแอพที่จะใช้งานบนอุปกรณ์ FireFox OS อยู่

+ + + + + + + + +
+

เอกสารเกี่ยวกับ FireFox OS

+ +
+
เริ่มแรกสำหรับ FireFox OS
+
แนะนำข้อมูลเกี่ยว Firefox OS และการทำงานของมัน
+
 ทริป และ ทริค FireFox OS
+
บทความสั้นๆบางบทความ เกี่ยวกับทริปและทริคที่มีประโยชน์ เพื่อที่จะรู้ FireFox OS ในขณะกำลังเจาะระบบ
+
+
การเขียนแอพสำหรับ Firefox OS
+
ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับสร้างแอพบน Firefox OS
+
จุดศูนย์กลางของนักพัฒนา
+
เครื่องมือต่าง ๆ,การฝึกซ้อม,และ บริการ สำหรับนักพัฒนาแอพบน Firefox OS
+
ประสบการณ์ ผู้ใช้งาน
+
แนะแนวรูปแบบและการทำงานที่ผู้ใช้ต้องการ—รวมถึง รูปแบบโค้ดและ เทมเพลต —เพื่อช่วยคุณสร้างแอพ FireFox OS ที่ดึงดูดใจ, และไม่เปลี่ยนแปลง
+
แพลตฟอร์มของ FireFox OS
+
เอกสารเกี่ยวกับ แพลตฟอร์มของ FireFox OS รวมถึง Gonk, Gaia และสิ่งอื่นๆที่เกี่ยวข้อง ซึ่งรวมไปถึง เอกสารข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการสร้าง และการติดตั้ง แพลตฟอร์มบนอุปกรณ์ และการสร้างการจำลองและเลียนแบบด้วย
+
ความปลอดภัย
+
เอกสารเกี่ยวกับความปลอดภัยบน FireFox OS; ซึ่งรวมไปถึงหัวข้อเกี่ยวกับ อุปกณ์ความปลอดภัยจากมุมมองของคนอื่นๆ : มุมองของนักพัฒนาแอพ, ผู้ประกอบอุปกรณ์, และอื่นๆ
+
การทำงาน
+
บทความเกี่ยวกับ การเพิ่มประสิทธภาพสูงสุดบน แอพลิเคชั่นของ FireFox OS
+
การแก้ไขปัญหา
+
แนะแนวทางการตัดสินใจ แก้ไขปัญหาทั่วๆไปบน FireFox OS
+
การแก้จุดบกพร่องบน Firefox OS
+
แนะแนวทางการแก้ไข จุดบกพร่องจากทั้งสองชนิดระหว่าง บนโทรศัพท์มือถือ และตัวระบบ FireFox OS เอง
+
แนะแนวทาง นักพัฒนาโทรศัพท์มือถือ FireFox OS
+
แนะแนวทางสำหรับนักพัฒนาโทรศัพท์มือถือ ที่ทางโมซิลล่าได้เอื้ออำนวยให้สำหรับนักพัฒนาบางราย นี่ยังรวมถึงแนะแนว สำหรับคนที่ได้ถูกติดตั้ง FireFox OS บนโทรศัพท์ของคุณแล้ว
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+ +

ดูทั้งหมด...

+ 		+

รับความช่วยเหลือจากชุมชน

+ +

ถ้าคุณกำลังทำงานกับ Firefox OS หรือ กำลังพัฒนาแอพอยู่ คุณคงชอบที่จะใช้งานบนอุปกรณ์ Firefox OS นี่คือแหล่งข้อมูลที่จะช่วยคุณได้

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    +
  • ถามคำถามของคุณบน  ช่องโมซิลล่า IRC  Boot to Gecko: #b2g
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อย่าลืมสำหรับ มรรยาทของชุมชน...

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+
+

หัวข้อที่เกี่ยวข้อง

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Resources

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diff --git a/files/th/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/flame/index.html b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/flame/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8a97dae559 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/flame/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +--- +title: Flame +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide/Flame +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide/Flame +--- +

A picture of the Flame device, showing the Firefox OS homescreen containing several app icons.

+ +

 

+ +

Flame device is the official reference device for developing, testing, and debugging Firefox OS and open web apps. This guide provides basic information about its hardware specifications as well as practical documentation specific to experimenting with, developing for, and testing of software compatible with this phone.

+ +

The Flame hardware offers a representative set of specs — including FWVGA display and dual-core processor — to help developers build great content and experiences. A stable hardware platform is also good for testers, making it easier to test and address specific software issues without having to worry about device model-specific bugs, etc.

+ +

If you have your phone in hand and want to start playing with it, developing and distributing apps, or contributing to the Firefox platform, the following links will also get you where you need to go:

+ + + +

If you’d like to find out more about updating the operating system, recovering it, pushing apps to it, or phone specs, you’ll find the information you need at the following two articles :

+ + + +

Get a device

+ +

Flame sales have come to an end. There are still opportunities left for Mozilla contributors to get free Flames, including the upcoming Foxtrot program. If you have questions about getting a device for development or testing, please reach out to Asa Dotzler on the #fxos channel on IRC.

+ +

Device specifications

+ +

You can find more of the device specifications listed on our Phone and device specs page.

+ +

Network

+ + + +

Hardware

+ + + +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/index.html b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1268868928 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +--- +title: Firefox OS phone guide +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide +tags: + - B2G + - Firefox OS + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - Phones + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide +--- +
+

This section contains developer information relevant to specific phones that run Firefox OS — both developer and consumer devices. We have general information available on Building and installing Firefox OS and Hacking Firefox OS, so please go there for information about building and installing the platform from scratch. Developers with specific phones in their possession may however find the following articles useful.

+
+ +

Developer phone information

+ +

The phones listed here are specifically geared towards developers wanting to experiment with Firefox OS, including developing apps and contributing to the operating system itself. As such, they typically have unlocked SIMs, system files, etc.

+ +
+
Flame
+
The Flame device is the official reference device for developing, testing, and debugging Firefox OS and open web apps, produced in partnership with T2Mobile.
+
Geeksphone
+
In this article we cover some basic tips on how to keep your Geeksphone up-to-date and how to tweak the system Gaia applications.
+
ZTE OPEN
+
This article contains information on the ZTE OPEN Firefox OS device.
+
ZTE OPEN C
+
The ZTE Open C is an updated ZTE-produced Firefox OS device, with higher end hardware and newer software.
+
+ +

Consumer phone information

+ +

The phones listed here are consumer models, so not ideal for developers wanting to hack on devices. However, might be still useful for developers looking for more technical information on these consumer models. For a more complete list of devices, see our Find Firefox OS near you page.

+ +
+
Alcatel One Touch Fire
+
Based on Firefox OS 1.3 and available in more than 5 countries.
+
Alcatel One Touch Pixi 3 (3.5)
+
High-end consumer smartphone, powered by Firefox OS 2.0, with a 2 megapixel camera.
+
Alcatel Onetouch Fire 2C 4020D
+
Based on Tarako Firefox OS (1.3T) and released in India.
+
Alcatel Onetouch Fire C
+
Based on Tarako Firefox OS (1.3T) and released in India.
+
Alcatel Onetouch Fire E
+
Available in 5 countries.
+
Cherry Mobile Ace
+
Based on Firefox OS 1.3T and available in the Philippines.
+
Fx0
+
First Firefox OS phone released in Japan, by KDDI.
+
Huawei Y300 II
+
Based on Firefox OS 1.1 and available in the Philippines and Mexico.
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Intex Cloud FX
+
First Firefox OS Tarako phone released in India and based on Firefox OS 1.3T.
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LG Fireweb
+
Based on Firefox OS 1.1 and available in Uruguay and Brasil.
+
Spice Firefox MI FX1
+
Based on Tarako Firefox OS (1.3T) and released in India.
+
Spice Firefox MI FX2
+
High-end consumer 3G smartphone powered by FirefoxOS 1.4 with a 2 megapixel camera, released in India.
+
Symphony GoFox F15
+
First Firefox OS Device to come with 3G video calling capability, launched in Bangladesh.
+
Zen U105 Fire
+
Based on Firefox OS Tarako, available in India.
+
ZTE Open II
+
Has a1.2 GHz dual core processor and a 2.0 MP Rear Camera, available in 7 countries.
+
Orange Klif
+
The Orange Klif is a 3G Smartphone, powered by Firefox OS 2.0, with a 2 megapixel camera. It is available in a number of African countries.
+
+ +

General Firefox OS information

+ +
+
Firefox OS phone data
+
In this article we list the various available Firefox OS phones along with information such as their code names, availability, and specific hardware features.
+
General device features
+
This page lists typical Firefox OS hardware features and minimum hardware requirements.
+
Troubleshooting
+
This article provides tips for resolving common problems you may have while using Firefox OS.
+
Best practices for open reference devices
+
A set of best practices that we believe should come highly recommended for any widely available open reference devices. All of the recent Firefox OS reference devices have followed these practices.
+
diff --git a/files/th/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/app_tools/index.html b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/app_tools/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..af0a106940 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/app_tools/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +--- +title: App tools +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart/App_tools +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart/App_tools +--- +
+

What do you use to build Open Web Apps? The answer is "anything you would normally use to build for the web." The following is a list of tools and resources to help you get started making Open Web Apps. They can be easily integrated into your existing web development workflow, if you have one, or you can build a new workflow around them.

+
+

App Validator

+

Is your app ready for the Firefox Marketplace? The App validator will check your manifest and show you any errors it may have, or warnings you should consider.

+

Firefox OS Simulator

+

Installing and using the Firefox OS Simulator is the easiest way to get up and running with your app. After installed the simulator is accessible via the Tools -> Web Developer -> Firefox OS Simulator menu. The simulator launches with a JavaScript console so that you may debug your application from within the simulator!

+

App Manager

+

The new kid on the block with regards to testing tools is called the App Manager. This tool allows you to connect desktop Firefox to a compatible device via USB (or a Firefox OS simulator), push apps straight to the device, validate apps, and debug them as they run on the device.

+

Firefox Developer Tools

+

Firefox now ships with a default set of developer tools built from the ground up to ensure a great development experience that is both snappy and efficient. To find out more about how these tools work, and see a detailed list of what else Mozilla has to offer, head on over to our Tools zone.

diff --git a/files/th/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/index.html b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a5bb4fa406 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +--- +title: Build +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart +tags: + - Apps + - NeedsTranslation + - Quickstart + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart +--- +
+

Quickstart information on coding open web apps.

+
+
+
+ Introduction to open web apps
+
+ What are open web apps? How they differ from regular web pages? Why is this significant? This article aims to answer these questions and more.
+
+ Your first app
+
+ This article takes you through the basic steps and additional knowledge on top of regular web development required to create installable open web apps.
+
+ Introduction to Firefox OS
+
+ An introduction to Firefox OS, Mozilla's new open web app-based mobile platform.
+
+ Introduction to manifests
+
+ An FAQ designed to answer any questions you may have about manifests, hosting apps, origins, and other such topics.
+
+ App development for web developers
+
+ If you're a web developer, how do open web apps differ from what you're used to? This article explains all.
+
+ App development for mobile developers
+
+ If you're a native mobile application developer, what advantages can open web apps bring to you, and how do they differ from what you are used to? Here are some ideas.
+
+ Developing app functionality
+
+ This page talks about the kinds of different functionality that you might want to build into your apps, with links to further information.
+
+ Payments
+
+ How do you build functionality to make people pay for installing your open web apps? Here is the lowdown.
+
+ App tools
+
+ Last for this section, we provide some links to more information on the tools available to help you develop great open web apps.
+
diff --git a/files/th/archive/b2g_os/simulator/index.html b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/simulator/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..164bf61eb2 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/simulator/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +--- +title: Firefox OS Simulator +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Simulator +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Simulator +--- +
+

This page describes the Firefox OS Simulator for developers targeting Firefox OS 1.2 or later. If you're developing apps for Firefox OS 1.1, then you should check out the documentation for the Firefox OS 1.1 Simulator instead.

+
+

The Firefox OS Simulator is a version of the higher layers of Firefox OS that simulates a Firefox OS device, but runs on the desktop. This means that in many cases, you don't need a real device to test and debug your app. It runs in a window the same size as a Firefox OS device, includes the Firefox OS user interface and built-in apps, and simulates many of the Firefox OS device APIs.

+

The Simulator is packaged and distributed as a Firefox add-on. Once you've downloaded it and installed it in Firefox, you can run it, push apps to it, and attach the developer tools to it, using the WebIDE.

+

Installation

+

To install the simulator, use WebIDE's Manage Simulators pane (available as part of Firefox 33 and onwards). Multiple versions are available, and you are advised to install them all, for maximum flexibility.

+

To start the Simulator, you choose it from WebIDE's runtime list. For more details, see the instructions in the WebIDE documentation. Once the Simulator's running, you can push apps to it and debug them using the WebIDE, just as you can with a real device.

+

If you are using the App Manager (an older tool available prior to the WebIDE), you can install a simulator via the following button:

+

Install Simulator

+

The Simulator UI

+

The Simulator appears as a separate window, sized so the simulated screen area is 320x480 pixels. To simulate touch events you can click the mouse button and drag while holding the button down. So by clicking and dragging right-to-left from the Home Screen, you'll see the built-in apps, as well as any apps you have added:

+

+

The Simulator has two buttons in a toolbar at the bottom:

+ +

Limitations of the Simulator

+

Note that the Firefox OS Simulator isn't a perfect simulation.

+

Hardware limitations

+

Apart from screen size, the Simulator does not simulate the hardware limitations of a Firefox OS device such as available memory or CPU speed.

+

Audio/video codecs

+

The following codecs depend on hardware-accelerated decoding and are therefore not yet supported:

+ +

This means it isn't possible to use the Simulator to test video playback in apps and on websites like Youtube that rely on these codecs.

+

Unsupported APIs

+

Certain APIs that work on the device won't work on the Simulator, generally because the supporting hardware is not available on the desktop. We've implemented simulations for some APIs such as geolocation, and expect to add more in future releases. However, at the moment the following APIs are not supported. Using them might throw errors or just return incorrect results:

+ +

Getting help

+

If you have a question, try asking us on the dev-developer-tools mailing list or on #devtools on irc.mozilla.org.

+

How to enable verbose logging

+

You can see messages logged from your app in the Web Console, which you can attach to your app using the WebIDE. If you want to catch early messages happening during app startup, before the console gets connected and working, you can enable verbose logging in the Simulator.

+

Visit about:config and create a new preference. The preference name is different for each version of the Simulator:

+ +

Set it to the string value "all", and disable, then reenable, the add-on in the Add-on Manager. Now extra messages about the Simulator's operation will appear in the Browser Console.

diff --git a/files/th/archive/b2g_os/using_the_app_manager/index.html b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/using_the_app_manager/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b9c7b30dfa --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/b2g_os/using_the_app_manager/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,277 @@ +--- +title: Using the App Manager +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Using_the_App_Manager +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Using_the_App_Manager +--- +
+

The App Manager is a tool available in Firefox for Desktop which provides a number of useful tools to help you test, deploy and debug HTML5 web apps on Firefox OS phones and the Firefox OS Simulator, directly from your browser.

+ +

The App Manager is for developers targeting Firefox OS 1.2 or later. If you're developing apps for Firefox OS 1.1, then you should check out the documentation for the Firefox OS 1.1 Simulator instead.

+ +

The App Manager is being replaced by the WebIDE, which is new in Firefox 33. The WebIDE provides all the features of the App Manager, but also provides an editing environment for you to create and develop Firefox OS apps.

+
+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("z1Bxg1UJVf0")}}

+ +

The App Manager is composed of:

+ + + +

Quick setup

+ +

This section is designed to get you up and running as soon as possible; if you need some more detail please skip forward to the {{ anch("Device and system configuration") }} section and start reading from there.  Also see the {{ anch("Troubleshooting") }} section for help if you are having trouble.

+ +
    +
  1. Make sure you have Firefox Desktop 26+ installed
    2. +
  2. Open the App Manager (in the URL bar, type about:app-manager)
    3. +
  3. If you don't have a real device: +
      +
    1. Install the Firefox OS Simulator
      2. +
    2. In App Manager's bottom toolbar, click on Start Simulator, then click on the name of the installed simulator, which should appear there.
      3. +
    +
    4. +
  4. If you have a real device: +
      +
    1. Make sure your device is running Firefox OS 1.2+
      2. +
    2. On Windows, make sure to install the drivers provided by your phone manufacturer
      3. +
    3. In the Settings of your device, disable Screen Lock (Settings > Phone lock > Lock Screen) and enable Remote Debugging (Settings > Device information > More information > Developer)
      4. +
    4. Install the ADB Helper add-on in Firefox Desktop
      5. +
    5. Connect your device to your machine via a USB cable
      6. +
    6. You should see the name of your device in the App Manager's bottom bar. Click on it.
      7. +
    +
    5. +
  5. The bottom bar should show "Connected to: xxx"
    6. +
  6. Click on the Apps panel and add an app (packaged or hosted)
    7. +
  7. The Refresh button validates your app and installs it on the Simulator/Device
    8. +
  8. The Debug button connects the developer tools to the running app
    9. +
  9. See the {{ anch("Troubleshooting") }} section for help if you are having trouble
    10. +
+ +

Device and system configuration

+ +

The first thing you'll need to do when using the App Manager is make sure your system and phone are set up correctly. This section will run through all the steps required.

+ +

Firefox OS 1.2+ required

+ +

Make sure your device is running Firefox OS 1.2/Boot2Gecko 1.2 or higher. To check which version of Firefox OS the device is runing, go to Settings > Device Information > Software.

+ +

If you don't have a high enough version installed, depending on what phone you have you will need to either install an available nightly build of Firefox 1.2+, or configure and build it yourself from source.

+ +

Builds available:

+ + + +
+

Note: To build your own Firefox OS 1.2+ distribution, follow the instructions located at Building and installing Firefox OS, starting with Firefox OS build prerequisites.

+
+ +

Remote debugging

+ +

Next, you need to enable remote debugging in Firefox OS. To do so, go to Settings > Device information > More information > Developer and check the Remote Debugging checkbox.

+ +

ADB or ADB helper

+ +

The process uses the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) to handle the device-computer connection and communication. There are two options for running ADB:

+ + + +
+

Note: There's no need to run this command if you installed the ADB Helper Add-on.

+
+ +

Connecting your device to the App Manager

+ +

With all your configuration done, it's now time to plug your device into your computer and start the App Manager:

+ +
    +
  1. Plug the device into your computer via USB.
    2. +
  2. Disable Screen lock on your device by going to Settings > Screen Lock and unchecking the Lock Screen checkbox. This is a good idea because when the screen gets locked, the phone connection gets lost, meaning it is no longer available for debugging.
    3. +
  3. Start the App Manager — In Firefox Desktop select the Tools > Web Developer > App Manager menu option, or type about:app-manager in the URL bar.
    4. +
  4. At the bottom of the App Manager tab, you will see a connection status bar (see screenshot below). You should be able to connect your device by clicking the "Connect to localhost:6000" button.
    5. +
  5. If this works successfully, a prompt should appear on your device: "An incoming request to permit remote debugging connection was detected. Allow connection?". Tap the OK button (You may also have to press the power button on the phone so you can see the prompt.) The connection status bar should update to say "Connected to B2G", with a Disconnect button available to press if you want to cancel the connection.
    6. +
+ +

+ +
+

Note: The other controls in the connection status bar allow you to connect a simulator to the App Manager, which we cover in the next section, below, and change the port that the connection happens on. If you change the port, you'll also need to enable port forwarding for this port as well, as instructed in the {{anch("Enable port forwarding")}} section, above.

+
+ +

Using a Firefox OS Simulator Add-on

+ +

If you haven't got a real device available to use with App Manager, you can still try it out using a Firefox OS Simulator Add-on. To start off, install the simulator with the following button (multiple versions are available; you are advised to install them all, for maximum flexibility):

+ +

Install Simulator

+ + +

Once you've installed the simulator(s), you need to go to about:app-manager to see the connection status bar at the bottom of the App Manager tab, and click the "Start simulator" button. At least three buttons will appear:

+ + + +
+

Note: The Firefox OS 1.5 Simulator has been removed, as 1.5 was changed to 2.0. If you have the Firefox OS 1.5 Simulator installed, it won't automatically update to 2.0, so you should uninstall 1.5 and install 2.0 instead. The Firefox OS 2.0 simulator will then automatically update.

+
+ +
+

Note: The Firefox OS 1.2 Simulator has been removed, as no phones are likely to be released with version 1.2 installed — this version is therefore of limited value, and it makes more sense to spend your time debugging on other versions.

+
+ +

Running custom builds in the App Manager

+ +

Note that you can run custom B2G Desktop and Gaia/Gecko builds in the App Manager via the simulator. Read Running custom Firefox OS/Gaia builds in the App Manager for instructions on how to do this.

+ +

Apps panel

+ +

Now that everything is working, let's review the functionality available inside the App Manager, starting with the Apps panel. From here, you can import an existing app to push onto your device and debug:

+ + + +

Information about your app should appear on the right hand side of the window, as seen below:

+ +

+ +

Manifest editor

+ +

From Firefox 28 onwards, the Apps Panel includes an editor for the app manifest:

+ +

+ +

Debugging

+ +

Clicking on "Update" will update (install) the app on the device. Clicking on "debug" will connect a toolbox to the app, allowing you to debug its code directly:

+ +

+ +
+

You'll enjoy playing around with the toolbox — try altering the DOM, CSS etc. and you'll see the updates reflected on the device in realtime. Such updates will be saved on the installed app code; you'll see them next time you open the app on the device.

+
+ +

Before Firefox 28, the tools are launched in a separate window. From Firefox 28 onwards, the tools are launched in a separate tab in the App Manager itself, alongside the Apps and Device tabs. The tab is given your app's icon so it's easy to find:

+ +

+ +

Errors

+ +

If an app was not added successfully — for example if the URL was incorrect, or you selected a packaged app folder — an entry will be added to the page for this app, but this will include error information.

+ +

+ +

You can also delete an app from this view, by hovering over the App name/description on the left of the window, and pressing the "X" button that appears in each case. This however doesn't remove the app from the device. To do that you need to manually remove the app using the device itself.

+ +

Device panel

+ +

The Device tab displays information about the connected device. From the "Installed Apps" window, apps on the device can be started and debugged.

+ +

+ +
+

Note: Certified Apps are not listed by default. See how to debug certified apps.

+
+ +

The "Permissions" window shows the required priviledges for different Web APIs on the current device:

+ +

+ +

Finally, you can take a screenshot of the current device display by clicking the "Screenshot" button. The screenshot appears in a new tab on Firefox, and from there you can save or discard it as you wish.

+ +

Debugging Certified Apps

+ +

Currently only devices running a development build of Firefox OS 1.2+ are capable of debugging certified apps. If you have a development build, you can enable certified app debugging by changing the pref devtools.debugger.forbid-certified-apps to false in your profile. To do this, follow the steps below:

+ +
    +
  1. +

    On your computer, enter the following command in Terminal/console to enter your device's filesystem via the shell:

    + + 
    adb shell
    + +

    Your prompt should change to root@android.

    +
    2. +
  2. +

    Next, stop B2G running using the following command:

    + + 
    stop b2g
    +
    3. +
  3. +

    Navigate to the following directory:

    + + 
    cd /data/b2g/mozilla/*.default/
    +
    4. +
  4. +

    Here, update the prefs.js file with the following line:

    + + 
    echo 'user_pref("devtools.debugger.forbid-certified-apps", false);' >> prefs.js
    +
    5. +
  5. +

    After you've finished editing and saving the file, start B2G again using the following command:

    + + 
    start b2g
    +
    6. +
  6. +

    Exit the android filesystem using the exit command; this will return you to your normal terminal prompt.

    +
    7. +
  7. +

    Next, reconnect to the App Manager and you should see certified apps appear for debugging.

    +
    8. +
+ +
+

Note: If you want to add this preference to your Gaia build you can run make DEVICE_DEBUG=1 reset-gaia.

+
+ +

Troubleshooting

+ +

If the device is not recognized:

+ + + +

Can't connect your device to the App Manager or start the simulator? Let us know or file a bug.

diff --git a/files/th/archive/index.html b/files/th/archive/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b7a3cfe8de --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +--- +title: Archive of obsolete content +slug: Archive +translation_of: Archive +--- +

(th translation)

+ +

Here at MDN, we try to avoid outright deleting content that might be useful to people targeting legacy platforms, operating systems, and browsers. Perhaps your target audience is people that are using older hardware, for example, and can't upgrade to the latest and greatest browsers. Or for "reasons," your company is required to use very old software and you need to build Web content that runs on that software. Or perhaps you're just curious about the history of an obsolete feature or API, and how it worked.

+ +

There are many reasons older documentation can be useful. So, we've established this area into which we can archive older documentation. Material in this Archived content zone should not be used for building new Web sites or apps for modern browsers. It's here for historical reference only.

+ +
+

Note to writers: We need to try to keep the subpages here organized instead of all dumped into one large folder. Try to create subtrees for categories of material. Also, only move pages here that are extremely obsolete. If anyone might realistically need the information in a living product, it may not be appropriate to move it here. In general, it may be best to discuss it in the MDN Web Docs chat room before moving content here.

+
+ +

{{SubpagesWithSummaries}}

+ + + +

{{ListSubpages("/en-US/docs/Archive", 2, 0, 1)}}

diff --git a/files/th/archive/meta_docs/index.html b/files/th/archive/meta_docs/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..52de2c8447 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/meta_docs/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +--- +title: MDN "meta-documentation" archive +slug: Archive/Meta_docs +tags: + - Archive + - MDN + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/Meta_docs +--- +

Here you'll find archived "meta-documentation"; that is, documentation about how to write documentation on MDN. The articles here are obsolete and should no longer be referenced; we are retaining them here for reference while we migrate some content to new places, but very little of this is useful.

+

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

diff --git a/files/th/archive/meta_docs/writing_content/index.html b/files/th/archive/meta_docs/writing_content/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..50a6418805 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/meta_docs/writing_content/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +--- +title: Writing content +slug: Archive/Meta_docs/Writing_content +translation_of: Archive/Meta_docs/Writing_content +--- +

There are always things that can be added or updated on MDN. Whether it's all-new documentation for a sparkling new API or a revision to an older API that's changed subtly, you'll find lots of opportunities to help.

+ +

Editing an existing page

+ +

If you've found a page you'd like to revise, simply click the "edit" button at its top right corner. This will open the WYSIWYG editor for working on the page's contents. See the MDN editor guide for details on how to work with the editor, as well as how to work with the macro system we use to help automate the construction and formatting of content.

+ +

There are lots of reasons you might edit an existing page:

+ + + +

Adding a new page

+ +

This is the big one! Adding a new page to MDN makes the Web love you and want to hug you. There are several obvious reasons to create a new page, including to document an API that's not yet documented or to add a new tutorial or guide on a topic.

+ +

There are some ways to go about creating a new page on MDN, once you've logged in:

+ +
+
Click a "missing page" link
+
As you browse MDN, you'll occasionally find links to pages that don't exist yet. Often, as we create articles, we include links to pages that need to be created, even if they haven't been made yet. This helps us keep track of things that need to eventually be done, although sometimes it takes some time to get back to them. You should feel free to do so! Just click these links and you'll be taken straight into the editor for the new page.
+
Create a subpage
+
Near the top-right corner of each article is a "Advanced" drop-down menu. In that menu is a "New sub-page" option. Clicking that option opens the page editor for a new page whose parent page in the site hierarchy is the page on which you chose "New sub-page". Simply fill out the title and slug and start writing the article's content.
+
Create a clone
+
You can also clone an existing page using the "Clone this page" option in the "This page" drop-down menu. Clicking this option makes a copy of the current page, whose parent page is the same as the current page, and opens the editor on that page, where you can set the page's title and slug, as well as edit the content of the page. This is typically a good way to add a new page to an existing reference area of the site, for example, because it gets you a sample layout for the content.
+
Create a link to a page that doesn't exist, then click it
+
This is a bit of a hybrid method. Since every page ought to be linked to from somewhere, you could start by creating a link to the new article by adding it to an existing page, then, after saving that page, you can click the link you just inserted to open an editor for the new article.
+
+ +
+

Note: If you're not logged in, you will get a 404 error when trying to visit an article that doesn't exist, instead of being offered an editor for a new page.

+
+ +

Finding information

+ +

There's a lot of information out there, and it can be tricky to hunt down the exact help you need. Here are some tips to get you started.

+ +
+
Module owner lists
+
Mozilla projects work on a "module owner" basis; each major component has an owner or owners who are responsible for what goes on there. These owners are often your best source of information — or at least a great way to find the right person to talk to.
+
Mozilla source cross-reference
+
MXR, the Mozilla cross-reference, lets you access all the source code for the Mozilla project (with the exception of some things, like much of Firefox OS, which is located on GitHub). The code and its comments are often a great resource for information.
+
Mozilla wiki
+
The Mozilla wiki — often referred to as "wikimo" — is a repository of process and design notes, drafts, plans, and preliminary specifications. Despite being often a cluttered mess, it's a treasure trove of invaluable information.
+
diff --git a/files/th/archive/mozilla/index.html b/files/th/archive/mozilla/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..34a4090d47 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/mozilla/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,223 @@ +--- +title: Archived Mozilla and build documentation +slug: Archive/Mozilla +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla +--- +

Translation in progress

+ +

These articles are archived, obsolete documents about Mozilla, Gecko, and the process of building Mozilla projects.

+ + + +
+
ActiveX Control for Hosting Netscape Plug-ins in IE
+
Microsoft has removed support for Netscape plug-ins from IE 5.5 SP 2 and beyond. If you are a plug-in author, you may find this project saves you a lot of work!
+
ant script to assemble an extension
+
This ant script helps to package an extension
+
Archived SpiderMonkey docs
+
This section contains old SpiderMonkey documentation.
+
Autodial for Windows NT
+
This document is intended to explain how the autodial helper feature implemented for bug 93002 works and why it works that way.
+
Automated testing tips and tricks
+
+
Automatic Mozilla Configurator
+
Ankh8
+
Automatically Handle Failed Asserts in Debug Builds
+
As of 2004-12-8, it is now possible to automatically handle failed asserts in debug builds of Mozilla for Windows.
+
BlackConnect
+
+
Blackwood
+
+
Bonsai
+
It is a tool that lets you perform queries on the contents of a CVS archive; you can: get a list of checkins, see what checkins have been made by a given person, or on a given CVS branch, or in a particular time period. It also includes tools for looking at checkin logs (and comments); doing diffs between various versions of a file; and finding out which person is responsible for changing a particular line of code ("cvsblame").
+
Bookmark Keywords
+
Practically every Web surfer has bookmarks, of course, and power surfers usually have hundreds stuffed into folders within folders. In addition to being handy pointers to useful resources, bookmarks in Mozilla can be used to make the address bar itself a power tool. Searches, lookups, package tracking, and even word definitions can all be retrieved from user-customized bookmarks.
+
Building TransforMiiX standalone
+
+
calICalendarView
+
An object implementing calICalendarView is generally intended to serve as a way of manipulating a set of DOM nodes corresonding to a visual representation of calIEvent and calITodo objects. Because of this close association between methods and attributes on the one hand, and content on the other, calICalendarView implementations are particularly well suited to XBL. There is, however, no practical obstacle to the interface being implemented by any javascript object associated with a group of DOM nodes, even non-anonymous XUL nodes.
+
calICalendarViewController
+
A calICalendarViewController provides a way for a calICalendarView to create, modify, and delete items. Implementing a calICalendarViewController allows for these actions to be performed in a manner consistent with the rest of the application in which the calICalendarView is included.
+
calIFileType
+
The calIFileType interface provides information about a specific file type.
+
Chromeless
+
[This project may not be active — check Github https://github.com/mozilla/chromeless]
+
Creating a Firefox sidebar extension
+
This article describes how to create a registered sidebar for Firefox 2 or greater. See the references section for information on creating extension in earlier browsers.
+
Creating a hybrid CD
+
+
Creating a Microsummary
+
A microsummary generator is a set of instructions for creating a microsummary from the content of a page. Web pages can reference generators via <link rel="microsummary"> elements in their <head> elements. Generators can also be independently downloaded and installed by users if they include a list of pages to which they apply.
+
Creating a Mozilla Extension
+
A Mozilla extension is an installable enhancement to the Mozilla browser that provides additional functionality (for example Linky, which adds an item to the context menu for opening multiple links in a document or selection). This tutorial walks you through the process of building a Mozilla extension that adds an icon to Mozilla's status bar showing the current status of the Mozilla source code (i.e. whether or not the latest version of the code is compiling successfully and passing tests). The extension will access Tinderbox, mozilla.org's webtool for tracking source code status, to get the status of the code.
+
Creating a Skin for Firefox/Getting Started
+
Download the latest version of Firefox and install it. Be sure to install the DOM Inspector extension as well.
+
Creating a Skin for Mozilla
+
In order to create a skin for mozilla, you will need to know three things. How to edit images, extract zip files, and how to modify CSS. Mozilla uses standard gif, png, and jpeg images for the buttons and CSS to style everything else in the interface.
+
Creating a Skin for SeaMonkey 2.x
+
You're going to make a theme for SeaMonkey 2, but don't know how? I hope this manual will help you.
+
Creating regular expressions for a microsummary generator
+
A regular expression is a special kind of string (i.e. a sequence of characters) that matches patterns of characters in other strings. Microsummary generators use them to identify the pages that the generators know how to summarize by matching patterns in those pages' URLs.
+
Dehydra
+
The development focus switched to DXR (where the "D" comes from "Dehydra"), which is based on clang instead of gcc. Try DXR instead, or else try the gcc python plugin: https://fedorahosted.org/gcc-python-plugin/.
+
Developing New Mozilla Features
+
Tips For Contributing New Features To Mozilla.
+
Devmo 1.0 Launch Roadmap
+
Comments, ideas, questions and other discussion should be added on the Devmo talk:1.0 Launch Roadmap page. Further details on smaller tasks being done are available at User:Dria:TODO page. See also Current Events.
+
Download Manager improvements in Firefox 3
+
Firefox 3 offers improvements to the Download Manager that allow multiple progress listeners, use of the Storage API for data management, download resuming, and more. In addition, you can augment or replace the Download Manager's user interface by implementing the new nsIDownloadManagerUI interface.
+
Download Manager preferences
+
There are several preferences used by the Download Manager. This article provides a list of them.
+
Drag and Drop
+
This section describes how to implement objects that can be dragged around and dropped onto other objects.
+
DTrace
+
 DTrace is Sun Microsystem's dynamic tracing framework that allows developers to instrument a program with probes that have little to no effect on performance when not in use and very little when active. Probe data can be collected with scripts written in D (no, not that one). Mozilla DTrace support has been added by the Sun DTrace team and can be used on Solaris 10 and Mac OS X 10.5.
+
Embedding FAQ
+
+
Embedding Mozilla in a Java Application using JavaXPCOM
+
XULRunner ships with the JavaXPCOM component, which allows Java code to interact with XPCOM objects. As you will see in this article, working with XPCOM objects in Java is not that much different than doing so in C++.
+
Error Console
+
The Error Console is a tool available in most Mozilla-based applications that is used for reporting errors in the application chrome and in web pages user opens. It reports JavaScript-related errors and warnings, CSS errors and arbitrary messages from chrome code. In Firefox, the Error Console can be opened from the tools menu or by Ctrl-Shift-J.
+
Exception logging in JavaScript
+
Technical review completed.
+
Existing Content
+
This is a list of existing mozilla.org documentation. It needs to be checked, prioritized, and migrated.
+
Extension Frequently Asked Questions
+
This is quick set of answers to the most common issues with extension development. They are currently written with mostly Firefox in mind, but most if not all should easily translate to SeaMonkey, Thunderbird or any of the other applications. For Thunderbird, you may also find the extension HowTo or FAQ pages helpful.
+
Fighting Junk Mail with Netscape 7.1
+
Summary: Is your mail account drowning in a flood of spam? Netscape 7.1 includes built-in junk mail filtering that you can train to meet your specific needs. Eric Meyer share his experiences with making the junk mail controls more effective, and looks at other preferences you might want to set to keep your account safe.
+
Firefox Sync
+
Sync refers to a family of related components and services which provide synchronization of data between Mozilla application instances. These components and services include:
+
Force RTL
+
(This is a temporary placeholder/stub for the Force RTL page)
+
Gecko Coding Help Wanted
+
Take a look through LXR, and you'll realize that Mozilla's source code is a big place.
+
GRE
+
+
Hacking wiki
+
To be able to hack the MDC wiki software, you'll need a local webserver install, which can run MediaWiki.
+
Help Viewer
+
Help Viewer: Allows information to be shown to the user inside Mozilla.
+
Helper Apps (and a bit of Save As)
+
+
Hidden prefs
+
This page has been flagged by editors or users as needing technical review. Until it is fully reviewed, it may contain inaccurate or incorrect information.
+
How to Write and Land Nanojit Patches
+
Adobe and Mozilla share a copy of Nanojit. This means that landing nanojit patches is a bit complicated, but experience has taught us that this is much better than having separate versions of nanojit.
+
HTTP Class Overview
+
This document provides an overview of the classes used by the Mozilla HTTP implementation. It's meant as a guide to developers wishing to understand or extend the Mozilla HTTP implementation.
+
Introducing the Audio API extension
+
The Audio Data API extension extends the HTML5 specification of the <audio> and <video> media elements by exposing audio metadata and raw audio data. This enables users to visualize audio data, to process this audio data and to create new audio data.
+
Java in Firefox Extensions
+
If you are in need of calling Java code from within a Firefox extension, you can make use of LiveConnect. LiveConnect gives your extension's JavaScript code (linked from or contained in XUL code) access to 2 objects: java and Packages (note that per this thread, although the new documentation for the LiveConnect reimplementation states that these globals will be deprecated (in the context of applets), "Firefox and the Java Plug-In will continue to support the global java/Packages keywords, in particular in the context of Firefox extensions."). These 2 objects let you make use of the standard JDK classes, e.g.,
+
JavaScript crypto
+
Mozilla defines a special JavaScript object to allow web pages access to certain cryptographic-related services. These services are a balance between the functionality web pages need and the requirement to protect users from malicious web sites. Most of these services are available via the DOM window object as window.crypto.
+
Jetpack
+
+
Litmus tests
+
Litmus tests are (non-automated) tests that are documented in the litmus database. See http://litmus.mozilla.org.
+
Makefile.mozextension.2
+
This Makefile is a modification of the Makefile.mozextention, found in Makefile for packaging an extension - MozillaZine Knowledge Base (2005).
+
Microsummary topics
+
To programmatically install a microsummary generator -- for example, in an extension that helps users create custom generators for their favorite sites -- obtain a reference to the nsIMicrosummaryService interface implemented by the nsIMicrosummaryService component, then call its installGenerator() method, passing it an XML document containing the generator.
+
Migrate apps from Internet Explorer to Mozilla
+
When Netscape started the Mozilla browser, it made the conscious decision to support W3C standards. As a result, Mozilla is not fully backwards-compatible with Netscape Navigator 4.x and Microsoft Internet Explorer legacy code; for example, Mozilla does not support <layer> as I will discuss later. Browsers, like Internet Explorer 4, that were built before the conception of W3C standards inherited many quirks. In this article, I will describe Mozilla's quirks mode, which provides strong backwards HTML compatibility with Internet Explorer and other legacy browsers.
+
Monitoring downloads
+
Firefox 3 makes it easier than ever to monitor the status of downloads. Although it was possible to do so in previous versions of Firefox, it was previously only possible for one observer to do so at a time. Firefox 3 introduces new API that allows any number of listeners to observe downloads.
+
Mozilla Application Framework
+
The Mozilla Application Framework: for powerful, easy to develop cross-platform applications
+
Mozilla Crypto FAQ
+
In this document I try to answer some frequently asked questions about the Mozilla web browser and mail/news client and its support for SSL, S/MIME, and related features based on cryptographic technology. Note that this document is for your information only and is not intended as legal advice. If you wish to develop and distribute cryptographic software, particularly for commercial sale or distribution, then you should consult an attorney with expertise in the particular laws and regulations that apply in your jurisdiction.
+
Mozilla Modules and Module Ownership
+
REDIRECT http://www.mozilla.org/hacking/module-ownership.html
+
Mozprocess
+
mozprocess provides python process management via an operating system and platform transparent interface to Mozilla platforms of interest. Mozprocess aims to provide the ability to robustly terminate a process (by timeout or otherwise), along with any child processes, on Windows, OS X, and Linux. Mozprocess utilizes and extends subprocess.Popen to these ends.
+
Nanojit
+
Nanojit is a small, cross-platform C++ library that emits machine code. Both the Tamarin JIT and the SpiderMonkey JIT (a.k.a. TraceMonkey) use Nanojit as their back end.
+
New Skin Notes
+
Devmo has a new skin that is ready for testing. If you go to your user preferences, you can change the skin to "Devmo". This is currently just a preview, but we would appreciate help with testing.
+
Persona
+
Mozilla Persona is a cross-browser login system for the Web, that's easy to use and easy to deploy. It works on all major browsers, and you can get started today.
+
Plug-n-Hack
+
Plug-n-Hack (PnH) is a proposed standard from the Mozilla security team for defining how security tools can interact with browsers in a more useful and usable way.
+
Plugin Architecture
+
This page contains some notes on how plugins work internally in Gecko. It is mainly of interest to Gecko developers.
+
Porting NSPR to Unix Platforms
+
Last modified 16 July 1998
+
Priority Content
+
Update: I've removed documents from this list that have been migrated into the wiki. The list of completed documents is available through the DevEdge page.
+
Prism
+
Prism is a simple XULRunner-based browser that hosts web applications without the normal web browser user interface. Prism is based on a concept called Site-Specific Browsers (SSB). An SSB is designed to work exclusively with a single web application. It doesn’t have the menus, toolbars and other accoutrements of a traditional web browser. An SSB also offers tighter integration with the operating system and desktop than a typical web application running through a web browser. Applications running in an SSB are therefore able to benefit from many of the advantages of the desktop and of the web at the same time.
+
Proxy UI
+
(Recently Added - some support for reading OS and account settings.)
+
Remote XUL
+
How to use XUL delivered from a webserver, not as part of chrome.
+
Space Manager Detailed Design
+
The Space Manager and related classes and structures are an important of the Gecko Layout system, specifically Block Layout. See the High Level Design document for an overview of the Space Manager, and as an introduction to the classes, structures and algorithms container in this, the Detailed Design Document.
+
Space Manager High Level Design
+
The Space Manager and associated classes and structures are used by Block and Line layout to manage rectangular regions that are occupied and available, for correct handling of floated elements and the elements that flow around them. When elements are floated to the left or right in a layout, they take up space and influence where other elements can be placed. The Space Manager is responsible for keeping track of where space is taken up and where it is available. This information is used by block layout to correctly compute where other floated elements should be placed, and how much space is available to normal in-flow elements that flow around the floated bits.
+
Standalone XPCOM
+
Standalone XPCOM is a tree configuration that builds a minimal set of libraries (shared mostly) that can be used to get all features of XPCOM. The contents of this standalone XPCOM in general are:
+
Stress testing
+
Consume.exe from the Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit Tools can consume various resources: physical memory, CPU time, page file, disk space and even the kernel pool. Although for Win2003, it should install into WinXP fine (Win2000 compatibility is unknown). The only downside is you can't specify how much of the resource to use, only which one to consume. Also be warned: always remember the -time option, or you may be hitting that physical reset button sooner than you would have liked!
+
Structure of an installable bundle
+
XULRunner applications, extensions, and themes all share a common directory structure, and in some cases the same bundle can be used as a standalone XULRunner application as well as an installable application extension.
+
Supporting private browsing mode
+
Firefox 3.5 introduced private browsing mode, in which potentially private information is not recorded. This includes cookies, history information, download information, and so forth.
+
SXSW 2007 presentations
+
Presentations about the Mozilla project given at the SXSW 2007 event in Austin, Texas.
+
Table Cellmap
+
The table layout use the cellmap for two purposes:
+
Table Cellmap - Border Collapse
+
This document describes the additional information that is stored for border collapse tables in the cellmap.
+
Table Layout Regression Tests
+
Changes in layout, parser and content code can have unintended side effects, also known as regressions. It is good style to check for these unwanted regressions and fixing them before checkin rather than causing Bugzilla avalanches.
+
Table Layout Strategy
+
The table layout algorithm is based on two W3C recommendations: HTML 4.01 (Chapter 11) and CSS2.1 (Chapter 17).In CSS2 a distinction between fixed and auto layout of tables has been introduced. The auto-layout mechanism is implemented in BasicTableLayoutStrategy.cpp the fixed-layout in FixedTableLayoutStrategy.cpp. All these files are in the layout/html/table/src subdirectory.
+
Tamarin
+
+
The Download Manager schema
+
The Download Manager uses an SQLite table to keep track of downloads in progress as well as queued and past downloads.
+
The life of an HTML HTTP request
+
+
The new nsString class implementation (1999)
+
This document is intended to briefly describe the new nsString class architecture, and discuss the implications on memory management, optimizations, internationalization and usage patterns.
+
TraceVis
+
TraceVis is a performance visualization system for TraceMonkey. If TraceMonkey is built with TraceVis, and run with TraceVis enabled, then TraceMonkey will output a log of all its activity transitions. The log can be postprocessed into a visualization that can be used to rapidly diagnose many tracing-related performance issues.
+
Treehydra
+
Try the gcc python plugin instead: https://fedorahosted.org/gcc-python-plugin/.
+
URIs and URLs
+
Handling network and locally retrievable resources is a central part of Necko. Resources are identified by URI "Uniform Resource Identifier" (Taken from RFC 2396):
+
URIScheme
+
List of Mozilla supported URI schemes
+
Using addresses of stack variables with NSPR threads on win16
+
This is a cautionary note that may be old information for some of you. However, since it affects the portability of code, it was deemed prudent to include a short memo describing the issue.
+
Using Monotone With Mozilla CVS
+
+
Using SVK With Mozilla CVS
+
When working with Mozilla, you tend to accumulate patches which need to be reviewed, super-reviewed, and/or approved before they can be committed to the trunk. When you have only a few uncommitted patches, you can get by using cvs diff, and just editing the output to remove other patches before submitting. However, this approach quickly becomes unscalable, especially when you have different fixes in the same tree. Using a distributed versioning system like SVK takes out much of the hassle of managing your patches.
+
Venkman
+
Venkman is the code name for Mozilla's JavaScript Debugger. It aims to provide a powerful JavaScript debugging environment for Mozilla based browsers namely Firefox, Netscape 7.x/9.x and SeaMonkey. Note that it is not included in the Gecko-based browsers such as K-Meleon, Galeon and Netscape 8.x. Venkman has been provided as part of the Mozilla install distribution since October 2001, as well as an extension package in XPI format.
+
Video presentations
+
Mozilla is actively working to produce video presentations that can help you learn how the Mozilla codebase works and how to take advantage of its technology in your own applications and extensions. This article is a jumping-off point to help you find those presentations.
+
Why Embed Gecko
+
Gecko - the Smart Embedding Choice
+
xbDesignMode.js
+
+
XML in Mozilla
+
Mozilla has a relatively good support for XML. Several World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Recommendations and drafts from the XML family of specifications are supported, as well as other related technologies.
+
XPInstall
+
+
XPJS Components Proposal
+
Draft 1.0
+
XRE
+
+
XTech 2005 Presentations
+
+
XTech 2006 Presentations
+
+
XUL Explorer
+
XUL Explorer is a XULRunner application that provides an easy way to experiment with XUL. It’s a simple editor that can preview XUL inline or in a separate popup window. It has a list of code snippets (small fragments of XUL or JavaScript) that can be quickly inserted into the editor. The XUL can be loaded from and saved to files. A XUL validator and the Error Console are both available to help debug problems. The help menu provides access to XUL information on MDC. There is even simple “keyword” help lookup for XUL elements.
+
XULRunner
+
XULRunner is a Mozilla runtime package that can be used to bootstrap XUL+XPCOM applications that are as rich as Firefox and Thunderbird. It provides mechanisms for installing, upgrading, and uninstalling these applications.
+
diff --git a/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/attribute/image.onload/index.html b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/attribute/image.onload/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0b6e4a80a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/attribute/image.onload/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +--- +title: image.onload +slug: Archive/Mozilla/XUL/Attribute/image.onload +tags: + - รูปภาพ + - โหลดภาพ +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/XUL/Attribute/image.onload +--- +
« XUL Reference home
+ +
+
image.onload
+
ประเภท: script code
+
This event handler will be called on the image element when the image has finished loading. This applies whether the image is applied via the src attribute or the list-style-image style property. If you change the image, the event will fire again when the new image loads. This event will not bubble up the element tree.
+
diff --git a/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/attribute/index.html b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/attribute/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d618284df5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/attribute/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,311 @@ +--- +title: Attribute (XUL) +slug: Archive/Mozilla/XUL/Attribute +tags: + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - XUL Attributes + - XUL Reference +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/XUL/Attribute +--- +
« XUL Reference home
+ + diff --git a/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/index.html b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5696c6d96b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +--- +title: XUL +slug: Archive/Mozilla/XUL +tags: + - Landing + - Mozilla + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - XUL +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/XUL +--- +
{{FirefoxSidebar}}
+ +
XUL Tutorial
+A guided tutorial that will help you get started with XUL, originally from XULPlanet.
+ +

XUL (XML User Interface Language) is Mozilla's XML-based language for building user interfaces of applications like Firefox. The term XUL is sometimes used to refer to the whole Mozilla platform (e.g. XUL applications are applications using XUL and other components of the platform).

+ +

XUL Controls lists some of the common controls provided by XUL.

+ +
+
+

Documentation

+ +
+
XUL Tutorial
+
A guided tutorial that will help you get started with XUL, originally from XULPlanet.
+
XUL Reference
+
XUL elements, attributes, properties, methods, and event handlers.
+
XUL Controls
+
A quick list of all of the available XUL controls.
+
The Joy of XUL
+
Describes the key features and components of XUL.
+
Menus and Popups Guide
+
A guide on using menus and popup panels.
+
Template Guide
+
A detailed guide on XUL templates, which is a means of generating content from a datasource.
+
Drag and Drop
+
How to perform drag and drop operations.
+
+ +
+
XUL Periodic Table
+
This collection of XUL demos used to be available as a web page, but can no longer be viewed in Firefox since support for Remote XUL was disabled. There is a XULRunner application containing the XUL Periodic Table which can be opened with Gecko based browsers. You can get it here. See: Using Firefox 3 to run XULRunner applications for instructions on running XULRunner apps in Firefox.
+
Changes to XUL
+
New XUL features and changes to existing features are included in the Firefox developer release notes.
+
+ +

View All...

+
+ +
+

Community

+ + + +

Tools

+ + + +

View All...

+ + + + +
+
diff --git "a/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/\340\270\240\340\270\262\340\270\236,\340\270\255\340\270\264\340\270\241\340\271\200\340\270\241\340\270\210/index.html" "b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/\340\270\240\340\270\262\340\270\236,\340\270\255\340\270\264\340\270\241\340\271\200\340\270\241\340\270\210/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e8d9a97827 --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/archive/mozilla/xul/\340\270\240\340\270\262\340\270\236,\340\270\255\340\270\264\340\270\241\340\271\200\340\270\241\340\270\210/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +--- +title: รูปภาพ +slug: 'Archive/Mozilla/XUL/ภาพ,อิมเมจ' +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/XUL/image +--- +
+ « XUL Reference home [ + Examples | + Attributes | + Properties | + Methods | + Related ] +
+ +

ภาพรวม

+ +

An element that displays an image, much like the HTML img element. The src attribute can be used to specify the URL of the image.

+ +

ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมได้ที่  XUL tutorial.

+ +
+
+

บันทึก: Prior to Gecko 8.0, images did not shrink down with the same ratio in both directions when specifying maximum sizes using maxheight or maxwidth. The new behavior aligns more with the HTML <img> element and shrinks both the width and height down proportionally.

+
+
+ +
+
Attributes
+
onerror, onload, src, validate
+
+ +
+
Properties
+
accessibleType, src
+
+ +
+
Style classes
+
alert-icon, error-icon, message-icon, question-icon
+
+ +

ตัวอย่าง

+ +
Image:Firefoxlogo2.png
+ +
<image src='Firefoxlogo.png' width='135' height='130'/>
+
+ +

Attributes

+ +

+ + +
+
onerror
+
Type: script code
+
This event is sent to an image element when an error occurs loading the image.
+
+
+ + +
+
image.onload
+
ประเภท: script code
+
This event handler will be called on the image element when the image has finished loading. This applies whether the image is applied via the src attribute or the list-style-image style property. If you change the image, the event will fire again when the new image loads. This event will not bubble up the element tree.
+
+
+ +
+
+ src
+
+ Type: URI
+
+ The URI of the content to appear in the element.
+
+ + +
+ + +
+
validate
+
Type: one of the values below
+
This attribute indicates whether to load the image from the cache or not. This would be useful if the images are stored remotely or you plan on swapping the image frequently. The following values are accepted, or leave out the attribute entirely for default handling:
+
+
+
always
+
The image is always checked to see whether it should be reloaded.
+
never
+
The image will be loaded from the cache if possible.
+
+
+
+
+ +

Properties

+ +
+
+
+ accessibleType
+
+ Type: integer
+
+ A value indicating the type of accessibility object for the element.
+
+
+ +
+
src
+
Type: URL
+
Gets and sets the value of the src attribute.
+
+

Inherited Properties
align, , allowEvents, , boxObject, builder, , , , className, , , , , collapsed, contextMenu, controllers, database, datasources, dir, , , flex, height, hidden, id, , , left, , maxHeight, maxWidth, menu, minHeight, minWidth, , , , , , , observes, ordinal, orient, , pack, , persist, , , , ref, resource, , , , , statusText, style, ,, tooltip, tooltipText, top, width
+ +

Methods

+ + +

Inherited Methods
addEventListener(), appendChild(), blur, click, cloneNode(), compareDocumentPosition, dispatchEvent(), doCommand, focus, getAttribute(), getAttributeNode(), getAttributeNodeNS(), getAttributeNS(), getBoundingClientRect(), getClientRects(), getElementsByAttribute, getElementsByAttributeNS, getElementsByClassName(), getElementsByTagName(), getElementsByTagNameNS(), getFeature, getUserData, hasAttribute(), hasAttributeNS(), hasAttributes(), hasChildNodes(), insertBefore(), isDefaultNamespace(), isEqualNode, isSameNode, isSupported(), lookupNamespaceURI, lookupPrefix, normalize(), querySelector(), querySelectorAll(), removeAttribute(), removeAttributeNode(), removeAttributeNS(), removeChild(), removeEventListener(), replaceChild(), setAttribute(), setAttributeNode(), setAttributeNodeNS(), setAttributeNS(), setUserData
+ +

Style classes

+ +
+
+ alert-icon
+
+ Class that adds an alert icon. This typically looks like an exclamation mark. This and the other icon classes may be used by image elements or other elements which can have an image.
+
+
error-icon
+
Class that adds an error icon. This will typically be a red "X" icon.
+
+
message-icon
+
Class that adds a message box icon.
+
+
question-icon
+
Class that adds a question icon, which usually looks like a question mark.
+
+ +

เนื้อหาที่เกี่ยวข้อง

+ +

See also the image and icon attributes.

+ +

Interfaces

+ + + +
 
diff --git a/files/th/glossary/data_structure/index.html b/files/th/glossary/data_structure/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8be04c700d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/glossary/data_structure/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +--- +title: Data structure +slug: Glossary/Data_structure +tags: + - อภิธาน + - โครงสร้างข้อมูล +translation_of: Glossary/Data_structure +--- +

โครงสร้างข้อมูล(Data structure) คือวิธีจัดการข้อมูล (data) เพื่อให้ใช้งานได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ

+ +

อ่านเพิ่มEdit

+ +

ความรู้ทั่วไป

+ + diff --git a/files/th/glossary/index.html b/files/th/glossary/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8e1c81312d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/glossary/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: Glossary +slug: Glossary +tags: + - Beginner + - Glossary + - Index + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Glossary +--- +
{{LearnBox({"title":"Learn a new term:"})}}
+ +

Web technologies contain long lists of jargon and abbreviations that are used in documentation and coding. This glossary provides definitions of words and abbreviations you need to know to successfully understand and build for the web.

+ +

Glossary of Terms

+ +

{{GlossaryList({"split": "h3", "css": "multiColumnList"})}}

+ +

Contribute to the glossary

+ +

This glossary is a never ending work in progress. You can help improving it by writing new entries or by making the existing ones better. The easiest way to start is to hit the following link or to pick one of the suggested terms below.

+ +

Add a new entry to the glossary

+ +

{{GlossaryList({"terms":["at-rule", "ALPN", "Attack", "Byte-Order Mark", "client", "Character set", "cryptosystem", "debug", "digital signature", "execution", "flex-direction", "GLSL", "Interface", "Library", "Memory management", "routers", "Self-Executing Anonymous Function", "Stylesheet", "Vector image"], "filter": "notdefined", "css": "multiColumnList"})}}

+ +

If you want to know more on how to contribute to the glossary, check out the glossary documentation status page.

+ +

See also

+ + + + diff --git a/files/th/learn/accessibility/index.html b/files/th/learn/accessibility/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..66e2bc7961 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/learn/accessibility/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +--- +title: Accessibility +slug: Learn/Accessibility +tags: + - ARIA + - Accessibility + - Articles + - Beginner + - CSS + - CodingScripting + - HTML + - JavaScript + - Landing + - Learn + - Module + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Learn/Accessibility +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +

Learning some HTML, CSS, and JavaScript is useful if you want to become a web developer, but your knowledge needs to go further than just using the technologies — you need to use them responsibly so that you maximize the audience for your websites and don't lock anyone out of using them. To achieve this, you need to adhere to general best practices (which are demonstrated throughout the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript topics), do cross browser testing, and consider accessibility from the start. In this module, we'll cover the latter in detail.

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

To get the most out of this module, it would be a good idea to either work through at least the first two modules of the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript topics, or perhaps even better, work through the relevant parts of the accessibility module as you work through the related technology topics.

+ +
+

Note: If you are working on a computer/tablet/other device where you don't have the ability to create your own files, you can try out most of the code examples in an online coding program such as JSBin or Thimble.

+
+ +

Guides

+ +
+
What is accessibility?
+
This article starts the module off with a good look at what accessibility actually is — this includes what groups of people we need to consider and why, what tools different people use to interact with the web, and how we can make accessibility part of our web development workflow.
+
HTML: A good basis for accessibility
+
A great deal of web content can be made accessible just by making sure the correct HTML elements are used for the correct purpose at all times. This article looks in detail at how HTML can be used to ensure maximum accessibility.
+
CSS and JavaScript accessibility best practices
+
CSS and JavaScript, when used properly, also have the potential to allow for accessible web experiences, but if misused they can significantly harm accessibility. This article outlines some CSS and JavaScript best practices that should be considered to ensure that even complex content is as accessible as possible.
+
WAI-ARIA basics
+
Following on from the previous article, sometimes making complex UI controls that involve unsemantic HTML and dynamic JavaScript-updated content can be difficult. WAI-ARIA is a technology that can help with such problems by adding in further semantics that browsers and assistive technologies can recognize and use to let users know what is going on. Here we'll show how to use it at a basic level to improve accessibility.
+
Accessible multimedia
+
Another category of content that can create accessibility problems is multimedia — video, audio, and image content need to be given proper textual alternatives, so they can be understood by assistive technologies and their users. This article shows how.
+
Mobile accessibility
+
With web access on mobile devices being so popular, and popular platforms such as iOS and Android having fully-fledged accessibility tools, it is important to consider the accessibility of your web content on these platforms. This article looks at mobile-specific accessibility considerations.
+
+ +

Assessments

+ +
+
Accessibility troubleshooting
+
In the assessment for this module, we present to you a simple site with a number of accessibility issues that you need to diagnose and fix.
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/learn/css/index.html b/files/th/learn/css/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..03b2f56611 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/learn/css/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: CSS +slug: Learn/CSS +tags: + - Beginner + - CSS + - CodingScripting + - NeedsContent + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Learn/CSS +--- +

Whereas {{glossary("HTML")}} only specifies content structure, another major Web technology called {{Glossary('CSS')}} specifies how the content should look.

+ +

CSS stands for Cascading style sheet. You can write CSS code inside {{HTMLElement("style")}} tags, but you normally write separate .css files so you can reuse styling information. CSS uses selectors to apply styles to HTML elements. We suggest you start with the following pages to pick up some skills and learn how to use CSS properly. Pick a page that looks interesting to you. If you don't know where to start, move from the first basic skill to the last advanced skill.

+ +
+
+

The basics

+ +

Start here if you aren't familiar with CSS:

+ +
+
What CSS properties are & how to use them
+
This article explains how to use selectors apply CSS properties to HTML elements.
+
Basic text styling in CSS
+
Styling text is one easy application of CSS. Learn how in this article.
+
Using CSS in a webpage
+
Knowing CSS is one thing, but you also need to make it play well with {{Glossary("HTML")}}. The article explains how.
+
+
+ +
+

In depth

+ +

Once you get used to working with CSS, here are some details to explore:

+ +
+
CSS Reference
+
An exhaustive reference for seasoned Web developers describing every CSS property and concept.
+
+
+
+ +

 

diff --git a/files/th/learn/front-end_web_developer/index.html b/files/th/learn/front-end_web_developer/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0f845fc458 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/learn/front-end_web_developer/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ +--- +title: Front-end web developer +slug: Learn/Front-end_web_developer +tags: + - CSS + - HTML + - JavaScript +translation_of: Learn/Front-end_web_developer +--- +

{{learnsidebar}}

+ +

ยินดีต้อนรับสู่เส้นทางการเรียนรู้สำหรับนักพัฒนาเว็บส่วนหน้าของเรา!

+ +

ที่นี่เรามีหลักสูตรโครงสร้างที่จะสอนทุกสิ่งที่คุณจำเป็นต้องรู้เพื่อเป็นนักพัฒนาเว็บส่วนหน้า เพียงทำงานผ่านแต่ละส่วนเรียนรู้ทักษะใหม่ ๆ (หรือปรับปรุงทักษะที่มีอยู่) ตามที่คุณไป แต่ละส่วนมีแบบฝึกหัดและการประเมินผลเพื่อทดสอบความเข้าใจของคุณก่อนที่จะก้าวไปข้างหน้า

+ +

วิชาที่ครอบคลุม

+ +

วิชาที่ครอบคลุมคือ:

+ + + +

You can work through sections in order, but each one is also self-contained. For example, if you already know HTML, you can skip ahead to the CSS section.

+ +

ข้อกำหนดเบื้องต้น

+ +

คุณไม่จำเป็นที่ต้องมีความรู้มาก่อนที่จะเรียนหลักสูตรนี้ เพียงแค่คุณมี ความตั้งใจที่จะเรียนรู้ คอมพิวเตอร์ที่สามารถใช้งานเบราว์เซอร์และสามารถเชื่อมต่ออินเทอร์เน็ตได้

+ +

หากคุณไม่แน่ใจว่าการพัฒนาเว็บไซต์นี้หเฝฝเหมาะกับคุณหรือไม่ และหากคุณต้องการคำแนะนำอย่างละเอียดก่อนเรียนหลักสูตรนี้, ให้เริ่มทดลองใช้งาน Getting started with the web 

+ +

Getting help

+ +

We have tried to make learning front-end web development as comfortable as possible, but you will probably still get stuck because you don't understand something, or some code is just not working.

+ +

Don't panic. We all get stuck, whether we are beginner or professional web developers. The Learning and getting help article provides you with a series of tips for looking up information and helping yourself. If you are still stuck, feel free to post a question on our Discourse forum.

+ +

Let's get started. Good luck!

+ +

The learning pathway

+ +

Getting started

+ +

Time to complete: 1.5–2 hours

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

Nothing except basic computer literacy.

+ +

How will I know I'm ready to move on?

+ +

There are no assessments in this part of the course. But make sure you don't skip. It is important to get you set up and ready to do work for exercises later on in the course.

+ +

Guides

+ + + +

Semantics and structure with HTML

+ +

Time to complete: 35–50 hours

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

Nothing except basic computer literacy, and a basic web development environment.

+ +

How will I know I'm ready to move on?

+ +

The assessments in each module are designed to test your knowledge of the subject matter.  Completing the assessments confirms that you are ready to move on to the next module.

+ +

Modules

+ + + +

Styling and layout with CSS

+ +

Time to complete: 90–120 hours

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

It is recommended that you have basic HTML knowledge before starting to learn CSS. You should at least study Introduction to HTML first.

+ +

How will I know I'm ready to move on?

+ +

The assessments in each module are designed to test your knowledge of the subject matter.  Completing the assessments confirms that you are ready to move on to the next module.

+ +

Modules

+ + + +

Additional resources

+ + + +

Interactivity with JavaScript

+ +

Time to complete: 135–185 hours

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

It is recommended that you have basic HTML knowledge before starting to learn JavaScript. You should at least study Introduction to HTML first.

+ +

How will I know I'm ready to move on?

+ +

The assessments in each module are designed to test your knowledge of the subject matter.  Completing the assessments confirms that you are ready to move on to the next module.

+ +

Modules

+ + + +

Web forms — Working with user data

+ +

Time to complete: 40–50 hours

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

Forms require HTML, CSS, and JavaScript knowledge. Given the complexity of working with forms, it is a dedicated topic.

+ +

How will I know I'm ready to move on?

+ +

The assessments in each module are designed to test your knowledge of the subject matter.  Completing the assessments confirms that you are ready to move on to the next module.

+ +

Modules

+ + + +

Making the web work for everyone

+ +

Time to complete: 60–75 hours

+ +

Prerequisites

+ +

เป็นความคิดที่ดีที่จะรู้จัก HTML, CSS และ JavaScript ก่อนที่จะทำงานในส่วนนี้ เทคนิคและแนวปฏิบัติที่ดีที่สุดหลายเรื่องมีหลายเทคโนโลยี

+ +

ฉันจะรู้ได้อย่างไรว่าฉันพร้อมจะเดินหน้าต่อไป?

+ +

การประเมินผลในแต่ละโมดูลถูกออกแบบมาเพื่อทดสอบความรู้ของคุณในเรื่อง การดำเนินการประเมินให้เสร็จสมบูรณ์เป็นการยืนยันว่าคุณพร้อมที่จะไปยังโมดูลถัดไป

+ +

โมดูล

+ + + +

เครื่องมือที่ทันสมัย

+ +

ระยะเวลาดำเนินการ: 55–90 ชั่วโมง

+ +

ข้อกำหนดเบื้องต้น

+ +

เป็นความคิดที่ดีที่จะรู้ HTML, CSS และ JavaScript ก่อนที่จะทำงานในส่วนนี้เนื่องจากเครื่องมือที่กล่าวถึงทำงานร่วมกับเทคโนโลยีเหล่านี้มากมาย

+ +

ฉันจะรู้ได้อย่างไรว่าฉันพร้อมจะเดินหน้าต่อไป?

+ +

ไม่มีบทความการประเมินเฉพาะในชุดของโมดูลนี้ แบบฝึกหัดกรณีศึกษาในตอนท้ายของโมดูลที่สองและสามเตรียมความพร้อมสำหรับการเข้าใจความจำเป็นของเครื่องมือที่ทันสมัย

+ +

โมดูล

+ + diff --git a/files/th/learn/html/index.html b/files/th/learn/html/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e2aad092ab --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/learn/html/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +--- +title: HTML +slug: Learn/HTML +tags: + - Beginner + - Guide + - HTML + - Intro + - Learn + - NeedsTranslation + - Topic + - TopicStub +translation_of: Learn/HTML +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +

To build websites, you should know about {{Glossary('HTML')}} — the fundamental technology used to define the structure of a webpage. HTML is used to specify whether your web content should be recognized as a paragraph, list, heading, link, image, multimedia player, form, or one of many other available elements or even a new element that you define.

+ +

Learning pathway

+ +

Ideally you should start your learning journey by learning HTML. Start by reading Introduction to HTML. You may then move on to learning about more advanced topics such as:

+ + + +

Before starting this topic, you should have at least basic familiarity with using computers, and using the web passively (i.e. just looking at it, consuming the content). You should have a basic work environment set up as detailed in Installing basic software, and understand how to create and manage files, as detailed in Dealing with files — both are parts of our Getting started with the web complete beginner's module.

+ +

It is recommended that you work through Getting started with the web before attempting this topic, however it isn't absolutely necessary; much of what is covered in the HTML basics article is also covered in our Introduction to HTML module, albeit in a lot more detail.

+ +

Modules

+ +

This topic contains the following modules, in a suggested order for working through them. You should definitely start with the first one.

+ +
+
Introduction to HTML
+
This module sets the stage, getting you used to important concepts and syntax, looking at applying HTML to text, how to create hyperlinks, and how to use HTML to structure a webpage.
+
Multimedia and embedding
+
This module explores how to use HTML to include multimedia in your web pages, including the different ways that images can be included, and how to embed video, audio, and even entire other webpages.
+
HTML Tables
+
Representing tabular data on a webpage in an understandable, {{glossary("Accessibility", "accessible")}} way can be a challenge. This module covers basic table markup, along with more complex features such as implementing captions and summaries.
+
HTML Forms
+
Forms are a very important part of the Web — these provide much of the functionality you need for interacting with web sites, e.g. registering and logging in, sending feedback, buying products, and more. This module gets you started with creating the client-side parts of forms.
+
+ +

Solving common HTML problems

+ +

Use HTML to solve common problems provides links to sections of content explaining how to use HTML to solve very common problems when creating a webpage: dealing with titles, adding images or videos, emphasizing content, creating a basic form, etc.

+ +

See also

+ +
+
+
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) on MDN
+
The main entry point for HTML documentation on MDN, including detailed element and attribute references — if you want to know what attributes an element has or what values an attribute has, for example, this is a great place to start.
+
+
diff --git a/files/th/learn/index.html b/files/th/learn/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..bbc331db41 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/learn/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ +--- +title: เรียนรู้การพัฒนาเว็บ +slug: Learn +tags: + - Beginner + - CSS + - HTML + - Intro + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - Web + - สารบัญ + - เรียนรู้ +translation_of: Learn +--- +

{{LearnSidebar}}

+ +
+

ยินดีต้อนรับสู่พื้นที่เรียนรู้ MDN จุดมุ่งหมายของบทความชุดนี้ คือการสร้างพื้นฐานที่จะทำให้ผู้เริ่มต้นสามารถเริ่มพัฒนาเว็บไซต์แบบง่ายได้

+ +

จุดมุ่งหมายของพื้นที่นี้ไม่ใช่การนำคุณจากการเป็น "ผู้เริ่มต้น" ไปสู่การเป็น"ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ" แต่จะเป็นการทำให้คุณสามารถเรียนรู้ ด้วยวิธีของคุณเองได้อย่างผ่อนคลายไม่ว่าจะเป็นการเรียนรู้จาก ส่วนที่เหลือของ MDNหรือจากแหล่งข้อมูลระดับกลางถึงสูงอื่นๆที่จำเป็นต้องใช้ความรู้พื้นฐาน

+ +

ถ้าคุณเป็นผู้เริ่มต้นจริงๆ การพัฒนาเว็บอาจเป็นเรื่องที่ท้าทายพวกเรา จะนำพาคุณและมอบรายละเอียดที่เพียงพอที่จะทำให้คุณรู้สึกผ่อนคลาย และสามารถเรียนรู้ในหัวข้อต่างๆได้อย่างถูกต้อง คุณจะรู้สึกสบายไม่ว่าคุณ จะเป็นนักเรียนที่กำลังเรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับการพัฒนาเว็บ หรือจะเป็นอาจารณ์ ที่กำลังมองหาเนื้อหาสำหรับชั้นเรียน, ผู้ที่ทำเป็นงานอดิเรก, หรือผู้ที่เพียงต้องการที่จะเรียนรู้ถึงการทำงานของเทคโนโลยีเว็บ

+
+ +
+

สำคัญ : เนื้อหาในพื้นที่การเรียนรู้จะถูกเพิ่มอยู่สม่ำเสมอ ถ้าคุณมีคำถามเกี่ยวกับหัวข้อ ที่ต้องการให้ครอบคุม หรือรู้สึกว่าขาดหาย กรุณาติดต่อพวกเราส่วน {{anch("ติดต่อเรา")}} ด้านล่าง

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+ +

จะเริ่มต้นที่ไหนดี

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+

หมายเหตุ: อภิธานศัพท์ ของเราจะช่วยให้คำจำกัดความของคำศัพท์ต่างๆ

+
+ +

{{LearnBox({"title":"Quick learning: Vocabulary"})}}

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เนื้อหาที่ครอบคลุม

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นี่คือเนื้อหาที่เราครอบคลุมในพื้นที่เรียนรู้ MDN

+ +
+
เริ่มต้นกับเว็บ
+
Provides a practical introduction to web development for complete beginners.
+
HTML — โครงสร้างของเว็บ
+
HTML is the language that we use to structure the different parts of our content and define what their meaning or purpose is. This topic teaches HTML in detail.
+
CSS — ตกแต่งเว็บ
+
CSS is the language that we can use to style and lay out our web content, as well as adding behavior like animation. This topic provides comprehensive coverage of CSS.
+
JavaScript — การเขียนสคริปต์แบบไดนามิกด้านไคลเอนต์
+
JavaScript is the scripting language used to add dynamic functionality to web pages. This topic teaches all the essentials needed to become comfortable with writing and understanding JavaScript.
+
การเข้าถึง — ทำให้ทุกคนสามารถใช้เว็บไซต์ได้
+
Accessibility is the practice of making web content available to as many people as possible regardless of disability, device, locale, or other differentiating factors. This topic gives you all you need to know.
+
ประสิทธิภาพ — การทำให้เว็บไซต์เร็วและมีการตอบสนอง
+
Web performance is the art of making sure web applications download fast and are responsive to user interaction, regardless of a users bandwidth, screen size, network, or device capabilities.
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เครื่องมือและการทดสอบ
+
This topic covers the tools developers use to facilitate their work, such as cross browser testing tools.
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การเขียนโปรแกรมเว็บไซต์ฝั่งเซอร์เวอร์
+
Even if you are concentrating on client-side web development, it is still useful to know how servers and server-side code features work. This topic provides a general introduction to how the server-side works, and detailed tutorials showing how to build up a server-side app using two popular frameworks — Django (Python) and Express (node.js). 
+
+ +

รับโค้ดตัวอย่างของเรา

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โค้ดตัวอย่างที่คุณจะเจอในพื้นที่เรียนรู้นั้นมีอยู่บน GitHub ทั้งหมด หากคุณต้องการที่จะ คัดลอกมันลงบนคอมพิวเตอร์ของคุณ วิธีที่ง่ายที่สุดคือการดาวน์โหลดไฟล์ ZIP จากมาสเตอร์ branch ล่าสุด

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หากคุณต้องการที่จะคัดลอกจากรีพอซิทรีในรูปแบบที่ยืดหยุ่นกว่า ซึ่งจะทำให้คุณสามารถอัปเดต ได้อย่างอัตโนมัติ คุณจะต้องทำตามขั้นตอนที่ซับซ้อนกว่าเดิมดังต่อไปนี้:

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    +
  1. ติดตั้ง Git บนเครื่องของคุณ นี่คือซอฟต์แวร์สำหรับควบคุมการปรับปรุงแก้ไขที่ GitHub ใช้เป็นฐานในการทำงาน
    2. +
  2. สร้างบัญชี GitHub
    3. +
  3. เมื่อสร้างบัญชีเสร็จแล้ว ลงชื่อเข้าใช้ที่ github.com ด้วยชื่อผู้ใช้และรหัสผ่านของคุณ
    4. +
  4. เปิดคอมมานด์พรอมต์ (วินโดวส์) หรือเทอร์มินัล (ลีนุกซ์, แมคโอเอส) บนคอมพิวเตอร์ของคุณ
    5. +
  5. การคัดลอกรีพอซิทรีของพื้นที่เรียนรู้นี้สู่โฟลเดอร์ชื่อ learning-area ณ ตำแหน่งปัจจุบันที่คอมมานด์พรอมต์หรือเทอร์มินัลกำลังชี้อยู่ สามารถทำได้ด้วยคำสั่งต่อไปนี้: + 
    git clone https://github.com/mdn/learning-area
    +
    6. +
  6. ตอนนี้คุณสามารถเข้าสู่ไดเรกทอรี และหาไฟล์ที่คุณต้องการ (สามารถทำได้โดยการใช้ Finder/File Explorer หรือ คำสั่ง cd)
    7. +
+ +

คุณสามารถอัปเดต learning-area รีพอซิทรีที่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงในมาสเตอร์บน GitHub ด้วยขั้นตอนต่อไปนี้:

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    +
  1. ในคอมมานด์พรอมต์หรือเทอร์มินัลของคุณ ให้เข้าไปข้างในไดเรกทอรี learning-area  โดยใช้ cd ยกตัวอย่างเช่น หากคุณกำลังอยู่ในไดเรกทอรีแม่ ให้ใช้คำสั่ง: + + 
    cd learning-area
    +
    2. +
  2. อัปเดตรีพอซิทรีด้วยคำสั่งต่อไปนี้: + 
    git pull
    +
    3. +
+ +

ติดต่อเรา

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 ถ้าคุณต้องการติดต่อพวกเราเกี่ยวกับบางสิ่ง ทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุดคือ ทิ้งข้อความที่ learning area discourse thread หรือ IRC channels ของพวกเรา เราต้องการทราบข้อมูลจากคุณเกี่ยวกับสิ่งที่ คุณคิดว่าผิดพลาดหรือขาดหายไปในเว็บไซต์ ขอหัวข้อการเรียนรู้ใหม่ ขอความช่วยเหลือใน รายการที่คุณไม่เข้าใจ หรือคำถามหรือข้อสงสัยอื่น ๆ

+ +

ถ้าคุณสนใจช่วยพัฒนาปรับปรุงเนื้อหา ดูที่ how you can help และรับการติดต่อ พวกเราดีใจมากที่จะได้ติดต่อกับคุณ ไม่ว่าคุณจะเป็นผู้เรียน คุณครู ผู้มีประสบการณ์ด้านการพัฒนาเว็บไซต์ หรือใครสักคนที่สนใจช่วยปรับปรุง ประสบการณ์การเรียนรู้นี้

+ +
+
+

ดูเพิ่ม

+ +
+
Mozilla developer newsletter
+
Our newsletter for web developers, which is a great resource for all levels of experience.
+
Web demystified
+
A great series of videos explaining web fundamentals, aimed at complete beginners to web development. Created by Jérémie Patonnier.
+
Codecademy
+
A great interactive site for learning programming languages from scratch.
+
BitDegree
+
Basic coding theory with a gamified learning process. Mainly focused on beginners.
+
Code.org
+
Basic coding theory and practice, mainly aimed at children/complete beginners.
+
EXLskills 
+
Free and open courses for learning tech skills, with mentorship and project-based learning
+
freeCodeCamp.org
+
Interactive site with tutorials and projects to learn web development.
+
Web literacy map
+
A framework for entry-level web literacy & 21st Century skills, which also provides access to teaching activities sorted by category.
+
Teaching activities
+
A series of teaching activities for teaching (and learning) created by the Mozilla Foundation, covering everything from basic web literacy and privacy to JavaScript and hacking Minecraft.
+
Edabit
+
Hundreds of free interactive coding challenges in various languages.
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/th/learn/javascript/index.html b/files/th/learn/javascript/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f01ce72c27 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/learn/javascript/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +--- +title: JavaScript +slug: Learn/JavaScript +tags: + - Beginner + - CodingScripting + - JavaScript + - JavaScripting beginner + - Landing + - Module + - NeedsTranslation + - Topic + - TopicStub + - 'l10n:priority' +translation_of: Learn/JavaScript +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +

{{Glossary("JavaScript")}} is a programming language that allows you to implement complex things on web pages — every time a web page does more than just sit there and display static information for you to look at — displaying timely content updates, or interactive maps, or animated 2D/3D graphics, or scrolling video jukeboxes, etc. — you can bet that JavaScript is probably involved.

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Learning pathway

+ +

JavaScript is arguably more difficult to learn than related technologies such as HTML and CSS. Before attempting to learn JavaScript, you are strongly advised to get familiar with at least these two technologies first, and perhaps others as well. Start by working through the following modules:

+ + + +

Having previous experience with other programming languages might also help.

+ +

After getting familiar with the basics of JavaScript, you should be in a position to learn about more advanced topics, for example:

+ + + +

Modules

+ +

This topic contains the following modules, in a suggested order for working through them.

+ +
+
JavaScript first steps
+
In our first JavaScript module, we first answer some fundamental questions such as "what is JavaScript?", "what does it look like?", and "what can it do?", before moving on to taking you through your first practical experience of writing JavaScript. After that, we discuss some key JavaScript features in detail, such as variables, strings, numbers and arrays.
+
JavaScript building blocks
+
In this module, we continue our coverage of all JavaScript's key fundamental features, turning our attention to commonly-encountered types of code block such as conditional statements, loops, functions, and events. You've seen this stuff already in the course, but only in passing — here we'll discuss it all explicitly.
+
Introducing JavaScript objects
+
In JavaScript, most things are objects, from core JavaScript features like strings and arrays to the browser APIs built on top of JavaScript. You can even create your own objects to encapsulate related functions and variables into efficient packages. The object-oriented nature of JavaScript is important to understand if you want to go further with your knowledge of the language and write more efficient code, therefore we've provided this module to help you. Here we teach object theory and syntax in detail, look at how to create your own objects, and explain what JSON data is and how to work with it.
+
Client-side web APIs
+
When writing client-side JavaScript for web sites or applications, you won't go very far before you start to use APIs — interfaces for manipulating different aspects of the browser and operating system the site is running on, or even data from other web sites or services. In this module we will explore what APIs are, and how to use some of the most common APIs you'll come across often in your development work. 
+
+ +

Solving common JavaScript problems

+ +

Use JavaScript to solve common problems provides links to sections of content explaining how to use JavaScript to solve very common problems when creating a webpage.

+ +

See also

+ +
+
JavaScript on MDN
+
The main entry point for core JavaScript documentation on MDN — this is where you'll find extensive reference docs on all aspects of the JavaScript language, and some advanced tutorials aimed at experienced JavaScripters.
+
Coding math
+
An excellent series of video tutorials to teach the math you need to understand to be an effective programmer, by Keith Peters.
+
diff --git "a/files/th/learn/\340\270\235\340\270\261\340\271\210\340\270\207\340\271\200\340\270\213\340\270\264\340\270\243\340\271\214\340\270\237\340\271\200\340\270\247\340\270\255\340\270\243\340\271\214/index.html" "b/files/th/learn/\340\270\235\340\270\261\340\271\210\340\270\207\340\271\200\340\270\213\340\270\264\340\270\243\340\271\214\340\270\237\340\271\200\340\270\247\340\270\255\340\270\243\340\271\214/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4235bdb5e2 --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/learn/\340\270\235\340\270\261\340\271\210\340\270\207\340\271\200\340\270\213\340\270\264\340\270\243\340\271\214\340\270\237\340\271\200\340\270\247\340\270\255\340\270\243\340\271\214/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +--- +title: การเขียนโปรแกรมเว็บไซต์ฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์ +slug: Learn/ฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์ +translation_of: Learn/Server-side +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
+ +

แบบไดนามิกเว็บไซต์ -  การเขียนโปรแกรมฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์หัวข้อเป็นชุดของโมดูลที่แสดงให้เห็นว่าการสร้างเว็บไซต์แบบไดนามิก; เว็บไซต์ที่ให้ข้อมูลที่กำหนดเองเพื่อตอบสนองคำขอ HTTP โมดูลนี้ให้คำแนะนำทั่วไปเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์พร้อมกับคำแนะนำระดับเริ่มต้นเฉพาะเกี่ยวกับวิธีใช้เฟรมเวิร์กเว็บ Django (Python) และ Express (Node.js / JavaScript) เพื่อสร้างแอปพลิเคชันพื้นฐาน

+ +

เว็บไซต์หลักส่วนใหญ่ใช้เทคโนโลยีฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์เพื่อแสดงข้อมูลแบบไดนามิกตามที่ต้องการ ตัวอย่างเช่นลองนึกดูว่ามีสินค้ากี่ชิ้นใน Amazon และจินตนาการว่ามีการเขียนโพสต์บน Facebook กี่รายการ การแสดงสิ่งเหล่านี้ทั้งหมดโดยใช้เพจแบบคงที่ต่างกันจะไม่มีประสิทธิภาพอย่างมากดังนั้นไซต์ดังกล่าวจะแสดงเทมเพลตแบบคงที่แทน (สร้างโดยใช้HTML , CSSและJavaScript ) จากนั้นอัปเดตข้อมูลที่แสดงในเทมเพลตเหล่านั้นแบบไดนามิกเมื่อจำเป็นเช่นเมื่อคุณต้องการ ดูผลิตภัณฑ์อื่นใน Amazon

+ +

ในโลกสมัยใหม่ของการพัฒนาเว็บขอแนะนำให้เรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับการพัฒนาฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์

+ +

เส้นทางการเรียนรู้

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การเริ่มต้นด้วยการเขียนโปรแกรมฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์มักจะง่ายกว่าการพัฒนาฝั่งไคลเอ็นต์เนื่องจากเว็บไซต์แบบไดนามิกมักจะดำเนินการที่คล้ายคลึงกันมาก (การดึงข้อมูลจากฐานข้อมูลและแสดงในเพจการตรวจสอบความถูกต้องของข้อมูลที่ผู้ใช้ป้อนและบันทึกไว้ใน ฐานข้อมูลการตรวจสอบสิทธิ์ของผู้ใช้และการล็อกอินผู้ใช้ ฯลฯ ) และสร้างขึ้นโดยใช้เว็บเฟรมเวิร์กที่ทำให้การทำงานของเว็บเซิร์ฟเวอร์เหล่านี้และอื่น ๆ เป็นเรื่องง่าย

+ +

ความรู้พื้นฐานเกี่ยวกับแนวคิดการเขียนโปรแกรม (หรือภาษาโปรแกรมเฉพาะ) มีประโยชน์ แต่ไม่จำเป็น ในทำนองเดียวกันไม่จำเป็นต้องมีความเชี่ยวชาญในการเขียนโค้ดฝั่งไคลเอ็นต์ แต่ความรู้พื้นฐานจะช่วยให้คุณทำงานได้ดีขึ้นกับนักพัฒนาซอฟต์แวร์ที่สร้างเว็บฝั่งไคลเอ็นต์ "ส่วนหน้า"

+ +

คุณจะต้องเข้าใจ "วิธีการทำงานของเว็บ" เราขอแนะนำให้คุณอ่านหัวข้อต่อไปนี้ก่อน:

+ + + +

ด้วยความเข้าใจพื้นฐานดังกล่าวคุณก็พร้อมที่จะดำเนินการตามโมดูลต่างๆในส่วนนี้ 

+ +

โมดูล

+ +

หัวข้อนี้ประกอบด้วยโมดูลต่อไปนี้ คุณควรเริ่มต้นด้วยโมดูลแรกจากนั้นไปที่หนึ่งในโมดูลต่อไปนี้ซึ่งแสดงวิธีการทำงานกับภาษาฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์ที่เป็นที่นิยมมากสองภาษาโดยใช้เว็บเฟรมเวิร์กที่เหมาะสม 

+ +
+
ขั้นตอนแรกการเขียนโปรแกรมเว็บไซต์ฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์
+
โมดูลนี้ให้ข้อมูลเทคโนโลยีที่ไม่เชื่อเรื่องพระเจ้าเกี่ยวกับการเขียนโปรแกรมเว็บไซต์ฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์เช่น "มันคืออะไร" "มันแตกต่างจากการเขียนโปรแกรมฝั่งไคลเอนต์อย่างไร" และ "ทำไมจึงมีประโยชน์" โมดูลนี้ยังสรุปเฟรมเวิร์กเว็บฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์ที่เป็นที่นิยมมากขึ้นและให้คำแนะนำเกี่ยวกับวิธีการเลือกสิ่งที่ดีที่สุดสำหรับไซต์ของคุณ สุดท้ายนี้มีการแนะนำการรักษาความปลอดภัยเว็บเซิร์ฟเวอร์
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Django Web Framework (Python)
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Django เป็นเว็บเฟรมเวิร์กฝั่งเซิร์ฟเวอร์ที่ได้รับความนิยมอย่างมากเขียนด้วยภาษา Python โมดูลนี้อธิบายว่าเหตุใด Django จึงเป็นเฟรมเวิร์กเว็บเซิร์ฟเวอร์ที่ดีวิธีตั้งค่าสภาพแวดล้อมการพัฒนาและวิธีดำเนินงานทั่วไปกับมัน
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Express Web Framework (Node.js / JavaScript)
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Express เป็นเว็บเฟรมเวิร์กยอดนิยมซึ่งเขียนด้วย JavaScript และโฮสต์ภายในสภาพแวดล้อมรันไทม์ node.js โมดูลจะอธิบายถึงประโยชน์หลักบางประการของเฟรมเวิร์กนี้วิธีตั้งค่าสภาพแวดล้อมการพัฒนาของคุณและวิธีดำเนินงานการพัฒนาเว็บและการปรับใช้งานทั่วไป
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ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

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เซิร์ฟเวอร์โหนดที่ไม่มีกรอบ
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บทความนี้แสดงเซิร์ฟเวอร์ไฟล์แบบคงที่แบบธรรมดาที่สร้างด้วย Node.js บริสุทธิ์สำหรับผู้ที่คุณไม่ต้องการใช้เฟรมเวิร์ก
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การกำหนดค่าประเภท MIME ของเซิร์ฟเวอร์อย่างถูกต้อง
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การกำหนดค่าเซิร์ฟเวอร์ของคุณเพื่อส่ง {{อภิธานศัพท์ ("MIME types")}} ที่ถูกต้อง (หรือที่เรียกว่าประเภทสื่อหรือประเภทเนื้อหา) ไปยังเบราว์เซอร์เป็นสิ่งสำคัญสำหรับเบราว์เซอร์เพื่อให้สามารถประมวลผลและแสดงเนื้อหาได้อย่างถูกต้อง นอกจากนี้ยังเป็นสิ่งสำคัญในการป้องกันเนื้อหาที่เป็นอันตรายจากการปลอมตัวเป็นเนื้อหาที่ไม่เป็นอันตราย
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diff --git "a/files/th/learn/\340\271\200\340\270\243\340\270\264\340\271\210\340\270\241\340\270\225\340\271\211\340\270\231\340\271\203\340\270\212\340\271\211\340\270\207\340\270\262\340\270\231\340\271\200\340\270\247\340\271\207\340\270\232/index.html" "b/files/th/learn/\340\271\200\340\270\243\340\270\264\340\271\210\340\270\241\340\270\225\340\271\211\340\270\231\340\271\203\340\270\212\340\271\211\340\270\207\340\270\262\340\270\231\340\271\200\340\270\247\340\271\207\340\270\232/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0eb9b565f5 --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/learn/\340\271\200\340\270\243\340\270\264\340\271\210\340\270\241\340\270\225\340\271\211\340\270\231\340\271\203\340\270\212\340\271\211\340\270\207\340\270\262\340\270\231\340\271\200\340\270\247\340\271\207\340\270\232/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +--- +title: เริ่มต้นใช้งานเว็บ +slug: Learn/เริ่มต้นใช้งานเว็บ +translation_of: Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web +--- +
{{LearnSidebar}}
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การเริ่มต้นใช้งานเว็บเป็นซีรีส์สั้น ๆ ที่จะแนะนำคุณเกี่ยวกับการปฏิบัติจริงของการพัฒนาเว็บ คุณจะต้องตั้งค่าเครื่องมือที่จำเป็นในการสร้างหน้าเว็บแบบธรรมดาและเผยแพร่โค้ดง่ายๆของคุณเอง

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เรื่องราวของเว็บไซต์แรกของคุณ

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การสร้างเว็บไซต์แบบมืออาชีพเป็นงานที่ต้องทำมากมายดังนั้นหากคุณยังใหม่กับการพัฒนาเว็บเราขอแนะนำให้คุณเริ่มต้นจากเล็ก ๆ คุณจะไม่สร้าง Facebook ใหม่ในทันที แต่มันไม่ยากที่จะทำให้เว็บไซต์ง่ายๆของคุณเองทางออนไลน์เราจะเริ่มที่นั่น

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ด้วยการทำงานตามบทความด้านล่างตามลำดับคุณจะไม่ต้องทำอะไรเลยเพื่อให้หน้าเว็บแรกของคุณออนไลน์ มาเริ่มการเดินทางกันเลย!

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การติดตั้งซอฟต์แวร์พื้นฐาน

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เมื่อพูดถึงเครื่องมือในการสร้างเว็บไซต์มีหลายอย่างให้เลือก หากคุณเพิ่งเริ่มต้นคุณอาจสับสนกับอาร์เรย์ของเครื่องมือแก้ไขโค้ดเฟรมเวิร์กและเครื่องมือทดสอบที่มีอยู่ ในการติดตั้งซอฟต์แวร์พื้นฐานเราจะแสดงวิธีการติดตั้งซอฟต์แวร์ที่คุณต้องการเพื่อเริ่มต้นการพัฒนาเว็บขั้นพื้นฐานแบบทีละขั้นตอน

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เว็บไซต์ของคุณจะเป็นอย่างไร?

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ก่อนที่คุณจะเริ่มเขียนโค้ดสำหรับเว็บไซต์ของคุณคุณควรวางแผนก่อน คุณกำลังจัดแสดงข้อมูลอะไร คุณใช้ฟอนต์และสีอะไร เว็บไซต์ของคุณจะเป็นอย่างไร? เราสรุปวิธีการง่ายๆที่คุณสามารถปฏิบัติตามเพื่อวางแผนเนื้อหาและการออกแบบไซต์ของคุณ

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การจัดการกับไฟล์

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เว็บไซต์ประกอบด้วยไฟล์จำนวนมาก: เนื้อหาข้อความโค้ดสไตล์ชีตเนื้อหาสื่อและอื่น ๆ เมื่อคุณสร้างเว็บไซต์คุณต้องรวบรวมไฟล์เหล่านี้ให้เป็นโครงสร้างที่เหมาะสมและตรวจสอบให้แน่ใจว่าพวกเขาสามารถพูดคุยกันได้ การจัดการกับไฟล์จะอธิบายถึงวิธีตั้งค่าโครงสร้างไฟล์ที่เหมาะสมสำหรับเว็บไซต์ของคุณและปัญหาที่คุณควรทราบ

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พื้นฐาน HTML

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Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) คือรหัสที่คุณใช้เพื่อจัดโครงสร้างเนื้อหาเว็บของคุณและให้ความหมายและวัตถุประสงค์ ตัวอย่างเช่นเนื้อหาของฉันเป็นชุดของย่อหน้าหรือรายการสัญลักษณ์แสดงหัวข้อย่อยหรือไม่ ฉันมีภาพแทรกบนหน้าของฉันหรือไม่? ฉันมีตารางข้อมูลหรือไม่? โดยไม่ทำให้คุณพื้นฐาน HTMLให้ข้อมูลมากพอที่จะทำให้คุณคุ้นเคยกับ HTML

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พื้นฐาน CSS

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Cascading Stylesheets (CSS) คือโค้ดที่คุณใช้จัดรูปแบบเว็บไซต์ของคุณ ตัวอย่างเช่นคุณต้องการให้ข้อความเป็นสีดำหรือสีแดง? ควรวาดเนื้อหาบนหน้าจอที่ใด ภาพพื้นหลังและสีใดที่ควรใช้ในการตกแต่งเว็บไซต์ของคุณ ข้อมูลเบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับ CSSจะนำคุณไปสู่สิ่งที่คุณต้องใช้ในการเริ่มต้น

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พื้นฐาน JavaScript

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JavaScript เป็นภาษาการเขียนโปรแกรมที่คุณใช้เพื่อเพิ่มคุณลักษณะแบบโต้ตอบให้กับเว็บไซต์ของคุณ ตัวอย่างบางส่วนอาจเป็นเกมสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้นเมื่อกดปุ่มหรือป้อนข้อมูลในแบบฟอร์มเอฟเฟกต์สไตล์ไดนามิกภาพเคลื่อนไหวและอื่น ๆ อีกมากมาย ข้อมูลเบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับ JavaScriptช่วยให้คุณทราบถึงสิ่งที่เป็นไปได้ในภาษาที่น่าตื่นเต้นนี้และจะเริ่มต้นอย่างไร

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เผยแพร่เว็บไซต์ของคุณ

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เมื่อคุณเขียนโค้ดและจัดระเบียบไฟล์ที่ประกอบเป็นเว็บไซต์ของคุณเสร็จแล้วคุณจะต้องวางโค้ดทั้งหมดทางออนไลน์เพื่อให้คนอื่นค้นพบได้ การเผยแพร่โค้ดตัวอย่างของคุณจะอธิบายถึงวิธีการรับโค้ดตัวอย่างแบบง่ายทางออนไลน์โดยใช้ความพยายามขั้นต่ำ

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เว็บทำงานอย่างไร

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เมื่อคุณเข้าถึงเว็บไซต์โปรดของคุณสิ่งที่ซับซ้อนมากมายเกิดขึ้นในเบื้องหลังที่คุณอาจไม่รู้ วิธีการทำงานของเว็บสรุปสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้นเมื่อคุณดูเว็บเพจบนคอมพิวเตอร์ของคุณ

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ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ + diff --git a/files/th/mdn/contribute/getting_started/index.html b/files/th/mdn/contribute/getting_started/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4604fa8d1a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/contribute/getting_started/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +--- +title: เริ่มต้น สู่ MDN +slug: MDN/Contribute/Getting_started +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Getting_started +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
เราคือ สังคมเสรี หรือกลุ่มเปิด สังคมที่เป็นกลุ่มของผู้ที่เป็นนักพัฒนาและสร้างสิ่งดีๆสำหรับเว็บไซต์ , โดยไม่คำนึงถึง แบรนด์ บราวเซอร์ตัวเปิดดูเว็บไซต์, หรือแพลตฟอร์ม. ทุกคนสามารถร่วมเป็นส่วนหนึ่งในการที่จะพัฒนาหรือทำสิ่งดีๆ. เราร่วมกันพัฒนาต่อยอดหรือสร้างนวัตกรรมใหม่ๆบนเว็บเพื่อสิ่งที่ดีกว่า. เริ่มต้นที่นี่ กับคุณ.
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ทุกๆส่วนของ MDN  (เอกสาร, ตัวอย่าง, การสาธิต, และตัวเว็บไซต์เอง) ได้ถูกสร้างขึ้นหรือทำขึ้นโดยใครก็ได้ภายในสังคมเปิดหรือสังคมเสรีของนักพัฒนา แต่มันจะไม่ได้อะไรหากไมไ่ด้รับการช่วยเหลือของพวกคุณเช่นกัน

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3 ขั้นตอน สู่ MDN

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MDN คือ wiki. ไม่ว่าใครที่ไหนก็สามารถ สร้าง เพิ่ม และ แก้ไข เนื้อหา. คุณไม่จำเป็นต้องเป็นนักพัฒนาโปรแกรมหรือที่เรียกว่าโปรแกรมเม่อร์ หรือมีความรู้ทางด้านเทคโนโลยีมากมาย. มีหลายสิ่งที่จำเป็นจะต้องทำให้เสร็จสมบูรณ์ จากความสามารถพื้นฐาน(ด้วยการพิสูจน์อักษร และแก้ไขข้อผิดพลาด)

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จะมีส่วนร่วมสนับสนุนนั้นไม่ยากและปลอดภัย. แม้กระทั่งคุณจะทำไม่ถูกต้อง, ก็สามารถแก้ไขได้โดยง่าย; ถ้าคุณไม่รู้ว่าจะต้องทำอย่างไร หรือให้มันดูเป็นแบบไหน, หรือหลักวัยยากรณ์ของคุณไม่ดี ก็ไม่ต้องจำเป็นต้องกังวลหรือคิดมากเกี่ยวกับมัน! พวกเรามีทีมที่ทำอาชีพเกี่ยวกับด้านนี้ที่จะทำให้มั่นใจว่า เนื้อหาขอวง MDN น้นถูกต้องและดีที่สุดเท่าที่เป็นไปได้. จะมีบางคนที่จะทำให้งานขอวงคุณเขียนออกมาได้ดีที่สุด. แบ่งปันสิ่งที่คุณรู้ และติดตามผลงานที่ดีของคุณให้กับสังคม เพื่อช่วยเหลืองานของคุณให้ดียิ่งขึ้น

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ขั้นตอนที่ 1: สร้างบัญชีของ MDN

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ในการเริ่มต้น ที่จะมีส่วนร่วมและช่วยเหลือใน MDN. คุณจำเป็นที่จะต้องมีซักบัญชีของ MDN สำหรับรายละเอียดคลิกได้ที่ลิงค์นี้ how to create an account.

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ขั้นตอนที่ 2: เลือกส่วนที่จะทำให้เสร็จ

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ในขณะที่คุณเข้าสู่ระบบแล้ว, อ่านรายละเอียด และความแตกต่างของงานแต่ละประเภท จากประเภทงานที่เป็นไปได้กับกรายละเอียด, และตัดสินใจในสิ่งที่คุณสนใจมากที่สุด, คุณสามารถเลือกงานที่คุณชอบและเริ่มต้นในการมีส่วนร่วมช่วยเหลือ.

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ขั้นตอนที่ 3: ทำกระบวนการ หรืองานนั้น

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เมื่อคุณได้ตัดสนใจสิ่งใดสิ่งหนึ่งที่คุณจะทำได้แล้ว, หาหน้า,รหัสอักษร, ตัวอย่าง, อย่าสิ่งใดๆ. เพื่อเริ่มงานและ ทำงานนั้น!

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ไม่ต้องกังวลหรือคิดมากเกี่ยวกับการทำงานว่าต้องออกมาสมบูรณ์ที่สุด; ผู้ช่วยเหลือหรือผู้ที่มีส่วนร่วมใน MDN คนอื่นๆ จะช่วยแก้ไขข้อผิดพลาดผ่านการช่วยเหลือนั้นเช่นกัน หากคุณมีคำถามใดๆ, ให้เข้าไปที่หน้า Community เพื่อดูรายละเอียดของรายการอีเมล์และห้องสนทนา คุณจะพบว่าคุณสามารถหาคำตอบได้ที่ไหน.

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Note: If you want to experiment with editing on MDN before doing something "for real", we have a Sandbox page for you to play around in. Please limit your experiments to this page. Please don't make unneeded changes to content pages just to see what happens; that's making a mess for others to clean up.

+
+ +

เมื่อคุณทำงานในสิ่งที่คุณเลือกเสร็จแล้ว, หากคุณยังมีเวลาว่าง คุณสามารถเลือกงานชิ้นอื่นๆ ได้โดยการเข้าไปที่ other things you can do on MDN.

+ +

Possible task types

+ +

There are multiple avenues you can take to contribute to MDN depending on your skill set and interests. Even though some tasks may be daunting, we do have lots of simple activities available. A lot of them need only five minutes (or less!) of your time. Along with the task and its short description, you will find the approximate time that each type of task typically takes.

+ +

ตัวเลือกที่ 1: ฉันชอบตัวอักษรอักขระ

+ +

คุณสามารถช่วยเราจากตัวอย่างหรือแก้ไข เอกสารและแก้ไขหรือทำให้ถูกต้องให้กับเอกสารเหล่านั้น

+ + + +
Note: If you are reviewing articles or writing new ones, we ask you to please review the Style Guide. This will help to ensure that articles are consistent.
+ +

ตัวเลือกที่ 2: ชั้นชอบรหัสหรือเขียนโปรแกรม

+ +

We need more code samples! You can also help build our site platform, Kuma!

+ + + +

ตัวเลือกที่ 3: ฉันชอบทั้งสองอย่าง ทั้งตังหนังสือตัวอักษรและการสร้างหรือถอดรหัสหรือการเขียนโปรแกรม

+ +

We have tasks that require both technical and language skills, like writing new articles, reviewing for technical accuracy, or adapting documents.

+ + + +

ตัวเลือกที่ 4: ฉันต้องการ MDN ในภาษาของฉัน

+ +

ทุกๆเขตที่อยู่ในอาศัย และการแปลภาษานั้นของแต่ละถิ่นภาษานั้นๆ สามารถทำเสร็จใน MDN ได้ ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งที่ตื่นตาตื่นใจมากซึ่งมันสำเร็จได้โดยอาสาสมัครในสังคม

+ + + +

ตัวเลือกที่ 5: ฉันพบข้อผิดพลาดบางอย่างของเนื้อหา แต่ไม่รู้ว่าจะแก้ไขอย่างไร

+ +

คุณสามารถรายงานข้อผิดพลาดโดย  filing a documentation bug. (5 minutes)

+ +

Use these field values:

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Bugzilla fieldValue
productDeveloper Documentation
component[choose an area appropriate to the topic, or "General" if you're not sure or you don't see the right one]
URLThe page where you found the problem
DescriptionAs much as you know or have time to describe about the problem and where to find correct information. This can include people ("talk to so-and-so") as well as Web links.
+ +

Other things you can do on MDN

+ + diff --git a/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/create_an_mdn_account/index.html b/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/create_an_mdn_account/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0f0427dc02 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/create_an_mdn_account/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +--- +title: How to create an MDN account +slug: MDN/Contribute/Howto/Create_an_MDN_account +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Howto/Create_an_MDN_account +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}

ในการแก้ไขเนื้อหาใน MDN คุณต้องมีโปรไฟล์ MDN คุณไม่จำเป็นต้องมีโปรไฟล์ถ้าคุณต้องการอ่านและค้นหาเอกสาร MDN เท่านั้น คู่มือนี้จะช่วยคุณในการตั้งค่าโปรไฟล์ MDN ของคุณ

+ +
+
ทำไม MDN จึงต้องการที่อยู่อีเมลของฉัน?
+
+ที่อยู่อีเมลของคุณใช้สำหรับการกู้คืนบัญชีและผู้บริหารระบบ MDN จะติดต่อคุณเกี่ยวกับบัญชีของคุณหรือกิจกรรมของคุณในเว็บไซต์หากจำเป็น
+
+นอกจากนี้คุณสามารถลงทะเบียนเพื่อรับการแจ้งเตือน (เช่นเมื่อมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงหน้าเว็บบางหน้า ) และข้อความ (ตัวอย่างเช่นถ้าคุณเลือกเข้าร่วมทีมทดสอบเบต้าของเราคุณอาจได้รับอีเมลเกี่ยวกับคุณลักษณะใหม่ ๆ ที่ต้องการการทดสอบ)
+
+ที่อยู่อีเมลของคุณจะไม่ปรากฏบน MDN และจะใช้เฉพาะตามนโยบายส่วนบุคคลเท่านั้น
+ +
ถ้าคุณลงชื่อเข้าใช้ MDN ผ่าน GitHub และคุณใช้ที่อยู่อีเมล "noreply" ใน GitHub คุณจะไม่ได้รับข้อความ (รวมถึงการแจ้งเตือนเมื่อสมัครสมาชิกเพจ) จาก MDN
+
+
+ +
    +
  1. ที่ด้านบนสุดของทุกหน้าใน MDN คุณจะพบปุ่มที่มีข้อความลงชื่อเข้าใช้ ชี้เมาส์ไปที่เมาส์นี้ (หรือแตะที่นี่ถ้าคุณใช้อุปกรณ์เคลื่อนที่) เพื่อแสดงรายการบริการตรวจสอบสิทธิ์ที่เราสนับสนุนในการลงชื่อเข้าใช้ MDN
    2. +
  2. เลือกบริการที่จะลงชื่อเข้าใช้ด้วย ขณะนี้มีเฉพาะ GitHub เท่านั้น โปรดทราบว่าหากคุณเลือก GitHub ลิงก์ไปยังโปรไฟล์ GitHub ของคุณจะถูกรวมไว้ในหน้าโปรไฟล์ MDN สาธารณะของคุณ
    3. +
  3. ทำตามคำแนะนำของ GitHub เพื่อเชื่อมต่อบัญชีของคุณกับ MDN
    4. +
  4. เมื่อบริการตรวจสอบสิทธิ์ส่งคืนคุณเป็น MDN คุณจะได้รับพร้อมท์ให้ป้อนชื่อผู้ใช้และที่อยู่อีเมล ชื่อผู้ใช้ของคุณจะปรากฏต่อสาธารณะเพื่อให้เครดิตคุณสำหรับงานที่คุณทำ อย่าใช้ที่อยู่อีเมลของคุณเป็นชื่อผู้ใช้ของคุณ
    5. +
  5. คลิกสร้างโปรไฟล์ MDN ของฉัน
    6. +
  6. หากที่อยู่อีเมลที่คุณระบุในขั้นตอนที่ 4 ไม่ใช่แบบเดียวกับที่คุณใช้กับบริการรับรองความถูกต้องโปรดตรวจสอบอีเมลของคุณและคลิกลิงก์ในอีเมลยืนยันที่เราส่งให้คุณ
    7. +
+ +

แค่นั้นแหละ! คุณมีบัญชี MDN แล้วคุณสามารถแก้ไขหน้าได้ทันที!

+ +

คุณสามารถคลิกที่ชื่อของคุณที่ด้านบนของหน้า MDN เพื่อดูโปรไฟล์สาธารณะของคุณ จากตรงนั้นคุณสามารถคลิกแก้ไขเพื่อทำการเปลี่ยนแปลงหรือเพิ่มโปรไฟล์ของคุณ

+ +
+

ชื่อผู้ใช้ใหม่ต้องไม่มีช่องว่างหรืออักขระ "@" โปรดจำไว้ว่าชื่อผู้ใช้ของคุณจะปรากฏต่อสาธารณชนเพื่อระบุงานที่คุณทำ

+
diff --git a/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/do_a_technical_review/index.html b/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/do_a_technical_review/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9979f85c10 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/do_a_technical_review/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +--- +title: How to do a technical review +slug: MDN/Contribute/Howto/Do_a_technical_review +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Howto/Do_a_technical_review +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}

{{IncludeSubnav ( "/ en-US / เอกสาร / MDN")}}

+ +

การตรวจสอบทางเทคนิคประกอบด้วยการตรวจสอบความถูกต้องทางด้านเทคนิคและความสมบูรณ์ของบทความและแก้ไขได้ถ้าจำเป็นถ้าเป็นนักเขียนของบทความต้องการให้คนอื่นตรวจสอบเนื้อหาทางเทคนิคของบทความนักเขียนเห็บ "การตรวจสอบทางเทคนิคช่อง" ขณะที่การแก้ไขการติดต่อมักจะเขียนเป็นวิศวกรที่เฉพาะเจาะจงในการดำเนินการตรวจสอบทางเทคนิค แต่ทุกคนที่มีความเชี่ยวชาญทางเทคนิคในหัวข้อสามารถทำอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง

+ +

บทความนี้อธิบายถึงวิธีการที่จะดำเนินการตรวจสอบทางเทคนิคจึงช่วยให้เพื่อให้มั่นใจว่าเนื้อหา MDN อย่างถูกต้อง

+ +
+
งานของคุณคืออะไร?
+
การตรวจสอบและแก้ไขบทความเพื่อความถูกต้องและครบถ้วนทางเทคนิค
+
ที่ไม่ได้จะต้องมีการทำ?
+
ในบทความที่เฉพาะเจาะจงที่ถูกทำเครื่องหมายเป็นต้องมีการตรวจสอบทางเทคนิค
+
สิ่งใดที่คุณจำเป็นต้องรู้ที่จะทำงานได้หรือไม่
+
+
    +
  • ความรู้จากผู้เชี่ยวชาญในหัวข้อของบทความที่คุณกำลังตรวจสอบหากอ่านบทความไม่ได้สอนอะไรใหม่อย่างมีนัยสำคัญจะพิจารณาตัวเองผู้เชี่ยวชาญ
    • +
  • วิธีการแก้ไขบทความวิกิพีเดียใน MDN
    • +
+
+
มีขั้นตอนอะไรจะทำหรือไม่
+
+
    +
  1. เลือกบทความเพื่อทบทวน: +
      +
    1. ไปที่รายการของหน้าเว็บที่ต้องการแสดงความคิดเห็นทางเทคนิคนี้แสดงหน้าเว็บทั้งหมดที่มีการตรวจสอบทางเทคนิคได้รับการร้องขอ
      2. +
    2. เลือกหน้ามีหัวข้อที่คุณมีความคุ้นเคยกับ
      3. +
    3. คลิกที่ลิงค์บทความเพื่อโหลดหน้าเว็บ
      4. +
    +
    2. +
  2. อ่านบทความที่ให้ความสนใจใกล้เคียงกับรายละเอียดทางเทคนิค: บทความถูกต้องหรือไม่มีอะไรหายไป? อย่าลังเลที่จะเปลี่ยนไปยังเพจที่แตกต่างกันถ้าคนแรกที่คุณเลือกไม่เหมาะกับคุณ
    3. +
  3. "ตรวจสอบอย่างรวดเร็ว" ๆ
    + ภาพหน้าจอของกล่องแถบด้านข้างของรายการความคิดเห็นที่ได้รับการร้องขอและช่วยให้ธงจะมีการเปลี่ยนแปลง
    4. +
  4. ยกเลิกการเลือกเทคนิคช่องทำเครื่องหมายและคลิกบันทึก
    5. +
  5. หากคุณพบข้อผิดพลาดที่ต้องได้รับการแก้ไขแล้วคุณจะดีใจที่รู้ว่าคุณยังสามารถเปลี่ยนสถานะคำขอตรวจสอบจากภายในบรรณาธิการนี่คือขั้นตอนการทำงาน: +
      +
    1. แก้ไขหน้าให้คลิกแก้ไขปุ่มที่อยู่ด้านบนของหน้า; นี้ทำให้คุณเข้าสู่การแก้ไข MDN
      2. +
    2. แก้ไขข้อมูลทางด้านเทคนิคใด ๆ ที่ไม่ถูกต้องและ / หรือเพิ่มข้อมูลใด ๆ ที่สำคัญที่ขาดหายไป
      3. +
    3. ป้อนRevision ๆ ที่อธิบายถึงสิ่งที่คุณทำ เช่น ๆ qualfied ในการตรวจสอบ
      4. +
    4. ยกเลิกการเลือกเทคนิคกล่องใต้ทบทวนจำเป็น?เพียงด้านล่างพื้นที่แสดงความคิดเห็นการทบทวนของหน้า
      5. +
    5. ที่คลิกเผยแพร่ปุ่ม
      6. +
    +
    6. +
+ +

ขอแสดงความยินดี! คุณเสร็จสิ้นการตรวจสอบทางเทคนิคครั้งแรกของคุณ! ขอขอบคุณสำหรับความช่วยเหลือของคุณ!

+
+
diff --git a/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/index.html b/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..08734f5092 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/contribute/howto/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +--- +title: How-to guides +slug: MDN/Contribute/Howto +tags: + - Landing + - MDN Meta + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Howto +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
{{IncludeSubnav("/en-US/docs/MDN")}}
+ +

These articles provide step-by-step guides to accomplishing specific goals when contributing to MDN.

+ +

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

diff --git a/files/th/mdn/contribute/index.html b/files/th/mdn/contribute/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0d83cb13a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/contribute/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ +--- +title: Contributing to MDN +slug: MDN/Contribute +tags: + - Documentation + - Guide + - Landing + - MDN + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: MDN/Contribute +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}

Welcome! By visiting this page, you've taken the first step toward becoming a contributor to MDN. The guides here cover all aspects of contributing to MDN, including style guides, guides to using our editor and tools, and more.

+
+
+

Contributor guides

+
+
+ Getting started
+
+ A quick start guide to getting set up and making your first contribution.
+
+ Content and style guide
+
+ The MDN content and style guide provides details about writing style, page layout, and content styles, so that the content you write fits in with the rest of MDN's content.
+
+ Editor guide
+
+ A complete guide to using MDN's editor.
+
+ Reviewing articles
+
+ A guide to performing technical and editorial reviews of articles' content, to help us ensure that all content on MDN is as useful and readable as can be!
+
+ Terminology and conventions
+
+ Our terminology and conventions guide provides information you can use to ensure that you use the correct terminology to describe things.
+
+ Working with the MDN community
+
+ A guide to working with our community, finding help, and connecting with the people with the answers to the questions that arise while you contribute to MDN.
+
+ Frequently asked questions
+
+ Tips and answers to the most common questions about contributing to MDN.
+
+
+
+ Contributing to Kuma
+
+ A guide to contributing to the Kuma project. Kuma is the platform that powers the MDN Web site.
+
+
+
+

How to...

+

Our how-to guides provide step-by-step instructions to help you accomplish specific tasks when contributing to MDN.

+
+
+ How to document a CSS property
+
+ A guide to writing documentation of CSS properties. All CSS property documents should match the style and layout described in this article.
+
+ How to document an HTML element
+
+ This guide to documenting HTML elements will ensure that the documents you write match others on MDN.
+
+ How to properly tag pages
+
+ This guide to tagging pages provides information about our standards for tagging, including lists of tags that have standard meanings on MDN. Following this guide will ensure that your content is properly categorized, more easily searchable, and that our search filtering mechanism works properly with your articles.
+
+ How to interpret specifications
+
+ This guide will help you to properly interpret standard Web specifications; being able to read these can be an art form, and knowing how to do it will help you produce better documentation.
+
+

Localization

+
+
+ Localization guided tour
+
+ This guided tour will teach you how to localize content on MDN.
+
+ Localization guide
+
+ This guide provides details about the localization process for MDN content.
+
+ Localization projects
+
+ Find the localization project for your language—or, if there isn't one, learn how to start a new one!
+
+
+
+

 

diff --git a/files/th/mdn/contribute/localize/index.html b/files/th/mdn/contribute/localize/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ed2a2577cd --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/contribute/localize/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +--- +title: Localizing MDN +slug: MDN/Contribute/Localize +tags: + - Documentation + - Localization + - MDN + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Localize +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}

MDN is used by people all over the world as a reference and guide to Web technologies, as well as to the internals of Firefox itself. Our localization communities are a key part of the Mozilla project; their work in translating and localizing our documentation helps people around the world develop for the open Web. If you'd like to learn more about our localization teams, join one of the teams, or even start a new localization, this is the place to begin.

+

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

+

Localization tools

+

There are several useful tools that you'll use during localization work:

+
+
+ Verbatim
+
+ Used for translation of strings across multiple Mozilla projects, including the MDN user interface (as well as the Firefox user interface).
+
+ Transvision
+
+ A utility provided by Mozilla France, which lets you search for occurrences of an English string, finding all the various translations into a target locale that are used throughout Mozilla code. Useful for finding the preferred translations for words or phrases.
+
+

See also

+ diff --git a/files/th/mdn/contribute/localize/translating_pages/index.html b/files/th/mdn/contribute/localize/translating_pages/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8185f639b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/contribute/localize/translating_pages/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +--- +title: การแปลหน้า MDN +slug: MDN/Contribute/Localize/Translating_pages +translation_of: MDN/Contribute/Localize/Translating_pages +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}

บทความนี้เป็นแนวทางพื้นฐานในการแปลเนื้อหาใน MDN รวมทั้งกลไกการทำงานของการแปลและเคล็ดลับเกี่ยวกับวิธีการที่เหมาะสมในการจัดการหลายประเภทของเนื้อหา

+ +

เริ่มต้นการแปลหน้าใหม่

+ +

เมื่อคุณเจอหน้าคุณต้องการที่จะแปลเป็นภาษาของคุณ โปรดทำตามขั้นตอนเหล่านี้:

+ +
    +
  1. คลิกที่ Languages icon ({{FontAwesomeIcon("icon-globe")}})เพื่อเปิดเมนู Languages แล้วคลิก Add a Translation. หน้าเพจภาษาที่เลือกแปลจะปรากฎ.
    2. +
  2. Click the language that you want to translate the page into. The Translating Article view opens with the original language text displayed on the left side of the view.
    3. +
  3. Under Translate Description, you can translate the title and optionally the slug into the target language. The slug is the last part of the URL of a page (for example, "Translating_pages" for this article.) Some language communities do not translate the slug, keeping the same slug as English. Compare with other articles in your language to determine the common practice. You can click the minus sign next to Translate Description to hide this information when you are done with it, to make more room for the Translate Content section.
    4. +
  4. Under Translate Content, translate the body of the page.
    5. +
  5. Fill at least one tag for the page
    6. +
  6. Click Save Changes when you are done.
    7. +
+ +
Note: The user interface elements of the Translating Article view are initially shown in English. On subsequent visits to translate a particular article, the UI is shown in the appropriate language if a localization of MDN is available for that language. The MDN user interface can be localized using Verbatim. See Localizing with Verbatim for details on how to use this tool.
+ +

การแก้ไขหน้าการแปล

+ + + +

If the English version has been changed since the translation was last updated, the Translating Article view shows a source-level "diff" of the changes in the English version. This helps you see what needs to be updated in the translation.

+ +

แท็กการแปล

+ +

It's important that each page is tagged with at least one tag. Even if this is translation.

+ +

Some tags are used for search filters, or as conventions between contributors. They should not be translated. To know these tags, read the tagging standards. You are free to create translated tags to group content if this is not covered by one of the standards tags.

diff --git a/files/th/mdn/index.html b/files/th/mdn/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d83d1544d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +--- +title: โครงการ MDN +slug: MDN +tags: + - Documentation + - MDN + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: MDN +--- +
{{MDNSidebar}}
+ +

MDN Web Docs is a wiki on which we document the open Web, Mozilla technologies, and other developer topics. Anyone is welcome to add and edit content. You don't need to be a programmer or know a lot about technology; there are many different tasks that need to be performed, from the simple (proof-reading and correcting typos) to the complex (writing API documentation).

+ +
+

The mission of MDN Web Docs is to provide developers with the information they need to easily build projects on the web platform. We invite you to help!

+
+ +

We need your help! It's easy. Don't worry about asking for permission or about making mistakes. On the other hand, please get to know the MDN community; we're here to help you! The documentation below should get you started, but don't hesitate to join the discussion in the MDN Web Docs chat room.

+ + + +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/mdn_at_ten/index.html b/files/th/mdn_at_ten/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9a47d2bcee --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mdn_at_ten/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +--- +title: MDN at 10 +slug: MDN_at_ten +translation_of: MDN_at_ten +--- +

  

+ +

 

+ +

  

+ +
Celebrate 10 years of documenting your Web.
+ +
+
+

 

+ +

The history of MDN

+ +

In early 2005, a small team of idealists set out to create a new, free, community-built online resource for all Web developers. Their brilliant but offbeat idea grew into today’s Mozilla Developer Network—the premier resource for all open Web technologies. Ten years later, our global community is bigger than ever, and together we’re still creating documentation, sample code and learning resources for all open Web technologies, including CSS, HTML, JavaScript and everything else that makes the open Web as powerful as it is.

+ +

Learn more about the history

+ +

 

+ +

Contributing to MDN

+ +

For ten years, the MDN community has been documenting the open Web. From fixing simple typos to writing entire suites of an entirely new API, everyone has something to offer and no contribution is too large or too small. We have over 90,000 pages of content that have been written or translated by members of our outstanding community of Mozillians. You can become one of them.

+ +

Learn more about contributing

+ +

 

+ +

 

+
+ +
{{TenthCampaignQuote}}
+ + + +
    +
  1. MDN at 10
    2. +
  2. The history of MDN
    3. +
  3. Contributing to MDN
    4. +
+
+ +

 

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/developer_guide/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/developer_guide/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..71002634d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/developer_guide/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +--- +title: Developer guide +slug: Mozilla/Developer_guide +tags: + - Developing Mozilla + - Landing + - Mozilla + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Mozilla/Developer_guide +--- +

There are lots of ways to contribute to the Mozilla project: coding, testing, improving the build process and tools, or contributing to the documentation. This guide provides information that will not only help you get started as a Mozilla contributor, but that you'll find handy to refer to even as an old hand.

+
+
+

Documentation topics

+
+
+ Getting Started
+
+ A step-by-step beginner's guide to getting involved with Mozilla.
+
+
+
+ Working with Mozilla Source Code
+
+ A code overview, how to get the code, and the coding style guide.
+
+ Build Instructions
+
+ How to build Firefox, Thunderbird, SeaMonkey, or other Mozilla applications.
+
+ Development process overview
+
+ An overview of the entire Mozilla development process.
+
+ Managing multiple profiles
+
+ When working with prerelease versions of Firefox, it's often helpful to have multiple Firefox profiles, such as one for each channel, or for different kinds of testing.
+
+ Automated Testing
+
+ How to run Mozilla's automated tests, and how to write new tests.
+
+ How to submit a patch
+
+ After getting your patch written, you need to get it checked into the tree. This article explains the review process and how to get your patch approved.
+
+ Getting documentation updated
+
+ How to ensure that documentation is kept up to date as you develop.
+
+ Mozilla modules and module ownership
+
+ This article provides information about Mozilla's modules, what the role of a module owner is, and how module owners are selected.
+
+ Code snippets
+
+ Useful code samples for a wide variety of things you might need to figure out how to do.
+
+ Mozilla development strategies
+
+ Tips for how to make the most of your time working on the Mozilla project.
+
+ Debugging
+
+ Find helpful tips and guides for debugging Mozilla code.
+
+ Performance
+
+ Performance guides and utilities to help you make your code perform well (and to play nicely with others).
+
+ The Mozilla platform
+
+ Information about the workings of the Mozilla platform.
+
+ Adding APIs to the navigator object {{ gecko_minversion_inline("9.0") }}
+
+ How to augment the {{ domxref("window.navigator") }} object with additional APIs.
+
+ Interface Compatibility
+
+ Guidelines for modifying scriptable and binary APIs in Mozilla.
+
+ Customizing Firefox
+
+ Information about creating customized versions of Firefox.
+
+ Virtual ARM Linux environment
+
+ How to set up an ARM emulator running Linux for testing ARM-specific, but not necessarily platform-specific, code. Useful for mobile developers.
+
+ Obsolete Build Caveats and Tips
+
+ A place to put build tips which are no longer relevant to building the latest version of the code from main but are relevant when building old codebases.
+
+
+
+

Tools

+
+
+ Bugzilla
+
+ The Bugzilla database used to track issues for Mozilla projects.
+
+ MXR
+
+ Browse and search the Mozilla source code repository on the Web.
+
+ DXR
+
+ Next generation of searching Mozilla's source code. In active development.
+
+ Bonsai
+
+ The Bonsai tool lets you find out who changed what file in the repository, and when they did it.
+
+ Mercurial
+
+ The distributed version-control system used to manage Mozilla's source code.
+
+ TBPL (Tinderbox Push Log)
+
+ Tinderbox Push Log shows the status of the tree (whether or not it currently builds successfully).  Check this before checking in and out, to be sure you're working with a working tree.
+
+ Crash tracking
+
+ Information about the Socorro crash reporting system.
+
+ Performance tracking: Datazilla and Graphs
+
+ See performance information for Mozilla projects.
+
+ Callgraph
+
+ A tool to help perform static analysis of the Mozilla code by generating callgraphs automatically.
+
+ Developer forums
+
+ A topic-specific list of discussion forums where you can talk about Mozilla development issues.
+
+ Mozilla Platform Development Cheat Sheet
+
+ Brian Bondy's list of frequently referenced information for platform developers.
+
+ Firefox development video tutorials
+
+ Brian Bondy's video tutorials on Firefox development.
+
+
+
+

 

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/firefox/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4de7a09594 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +--- +title: Firefox +slug: Mozilla/Firefox +tags: + - m +translation_of: Mozilla/Firefox +--- +
{{FirefoxSidebar}}
+ +

0Firefox คือเว็บเบาร์เซอร์ยอดนิยมจากโมซิลล่า, เข้าถึงได้หลากหลายแฟลตฟอร์มร่วมด้วย GNU/Linux, Mac OS X และ บนวินโดวส์เดสก์ท็อป, รวมไปถึงบนโทรศัพท์มือถือแอนดรอยด์. ซึ่งเข้ากันได้กับเทคโนโลยีเว็บล่าสุด และเครื่องมือพัฒนาที่มีสมรรถภาพสูง, Firefox เป็นเว็บเบราเซอร์ ที่ดีที่สุดสำหรับนักพัฒนาเว็บ และผู้ใช้งานทุกคน

+ +

Firefox คือ โครงการ โอเพนซอร์ส ; โค้ดต่างๆมากมายถูกทำขึ้นโดย ชุมชนอาสาสมัครขนาดใหญ่ของเรา ที่นี่คุณจะได้เรียนรู้ การสร้างสรรค์และสนับสนุน โครงการจาก FireFox , แต่คุณยังสามารถค้นหาลิงค์ ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการสร้าง ส่วนเสริม บน FireFox ผ่านเครื่องมือพัฒนาใน FireFox และ อื่นๆ

+ +
+
+

เอกสาร add-on สำหรับนักพัฒนา

+ +
+
ส่วนเสริม
+
เอกสารทั้งหมด เกี่ยวกับการสร้าง ส่วนเสริม สำหรับ FireFox
+
ส่วนเสริม SDK
+
Firefox SDK คือทางเลือกใหม่, มีสมรรถภาพสูง, และง่ายกว่าเก่า ในการใช้ SDK สำหรับ การสร้างส่วนขยายของ FireFox คุณควรลองใช้สิ่งนี้แทน ส่วนเสริม แบบเก่าถ้าเป็นไปได้
+
ส่วนขยาย
+
เอกสาร สำหรับผู้พัฒนาส่วนขยายของ FireFox
+
จดหมายเปิดผนึกสำหรับนักพัฒนา
+
แต่ละจดหมายที่ถูกเปิดผนึก จะมาพร้อมกับข้อมูล คุณลักษณะใหม่ๆ และสร้างการเปลี่ยนแปลงต่อนักพัฒนาทุกสาย  เช็คจดหมายของเรา เหล่านักพัฒนากัน!
+
+ +

iดูทั้งหมด.....

+ +

เอกสารสำหรับ นักพัฒนา FireFox

+ +
+
จดหมายเปิดผนึกสำหรับนักพัฒนา
+
แต่ละจดหมายที่ถูกเปิดผนึก จะมาพร้อมกับข้อมูล คุณลักษณะใหม่ๆ และสร้างการเปลี่ยนแปลงต่อนักพัฒนาทุกสาย  เช็คจดหมายของเรา เหล่านักพัฒนากัน!
+
แนะแนวทางสำหรับ ผู้พัฒนา
+
แนวทางนักพัฒนาของโมซิลล่า; ทำความเข้าใจกับข้อมูล-เอกสาร สำหรับการเข้าร่วมและเป็นส่วนหนึ่ง ในโครงการของโมซิลล่า
+
เอกสารโครงการ โมซิลล่า
+
โครงการของโมซิลล่า เป็นโครงการใหญ่และซับซ้อน ; ตรวจสอบเอกสารทั้งหมดของทุกๆโครงการ
+
+ +

ดูทั้งหมด...

+
+ +
+

ชุมชนนักพัฒนา FireFox

+ +

คุณเป็นนักพัฒนาของ FireFox ใช่ใหม? คุณต้องการจะเป็นใช่ใหม?

+ +
    +
  • ถามคำถามของคุณบนช่องโมซิลล่า IRC   : #นักพัฒนา
    • +
+ +
+
ปฏิทินใหม่
+
Firefox ได้พัฒนาเสร็จตามตารางเวลา 6 สัปดาห์ ; นี่คือรุ่นใหม่ ที่ถูกปล่อยออกมาทุกๆ 6 สัปดาห์ ตรวจสอบตารางเวลาของเรา, หรือ หรือลงชื่อติดตามปฏิทิน iCal
+
+ +

อย่าลืมสำหรับ มรรยาทของชุมชน...

+ + + + +
+
diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/firefox/privacy/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/privacy/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b1d032e685 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/privacy/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +--- +title: Privacy +slug: Mozilla/Firefox/Privacy +tags: + - NeedsTranslation + - Privacy + - Security + - TopicStub +translation_of: Mozilla/Firefox/Privacy +--- +
{{FirefoxSidebar}}

{{ ListSubpages () }}

+ + diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/firefox/privacy/tracking_protection/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/privacy/tracking_protection/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..371f3e9873 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/privacy/tracking_protection/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +--- +title: Tracking Protection +slug: Mozilla/Firefox/Privacy/Tracking_Protection +translation_of: Mozilla/Firefox/Privacy/Tracking_Protection +--- +
{{FirefoxSidebar}}

What is tracking protection?

+ +

Starting in version 42, Firefox Desktop and Firefox for Android include built-in tracking protection. In Private Browsing windows (tabs, in Firefox for Android), Firefox will block content loaded from domains that track users across sites.

+ +

Some blocked content is part of the page layout, and users may notice layout issues where Firefox blocked these loads. Sometimes users won’t notice at all, if the page grid works such that other page elements slide in to fill holes left by blocked elements.

+ +

When Firefox blocks content, it will log a message to the Web Console like this:

+ +
The resource at "http://some/url" was blocked because tracking protection is enabled.
+ +

Note that with Firefox for Android, you can access console output using the remote debugger.

+ +

The Firefox UI will indicate to users when content has been blocked and enable them to unblock it for the current session if they choose. Users will also be able to disable tracking protection entirely if they choose.

+ +

How does Firefox choose what to block?

+ +

Content is blocked based on the domain from which it is to be loaded.

+ +

Firefox will ship with a list of sites which have been identified as engaging in cross-site tracking of users. When tracking protection is enabled, Firefox will block content from sites in the list.

+ +

Sites that track users are most commonly third-party advertising and analytics sites.

+ +

What does this mean for your website?

+ +

Most obviously, it means that when tracking protection is enabled:

+ + + +

More subtly, if other parts of your site depend on trackers being loaded, then these parts will also be broken when tracking protection is enabled. For example, if your site includes a callback that runs when content from a tracking site is loaded, then the callback will not execute.

+ +

For example, you should not use Google Analytics in the following way:

+ +
<a href="http://www.example.com" onclick="trackLink('http://www.example.com', event);">Visit example.com</a>
+<script>
+function trackLink(url,event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    ga('send', 'event', 'outbound', 'click', url, {
+     'transport': 'beacon',
+     'hitCallback': function() {
+       document.location = url;
+     }
+   });
+}
+</script>
+ +

Instead, you should account for the case when Google Analytics is missing by checking to see if the ga object has initialized:

+ +
<a href="http://www.example.com" onclick="trackLink('http://www.example.com', event);">Visit example.com</a>
+<script>
+function trackLink(url,event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    if (window.ga && ga.loaded) {
+         ga('send', 'event', 'outbound', 'click', url, {
+         'transport': 'beacon',
+         'hitCallback': function() { document.location = url; }
+       });
+    } else {
+        document.location = url;
+    }
+}
+</script>
+
+ +

More information about this technique is available at Google Analytics, Privacy, and Event Tracking.

+ +

Note that depending on a third party in this way is not a good practice anyway, as it means your site can be broken if the third party is slow or unavailable, or if the tracker is blocked by an add-on.

diff --git "a/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/30/index.html" "b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/30/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cd3dead3ee --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/30/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +--- +title: Firefox 30 for developers +slug: Mozilla/Firefox/เปิดผนึก/30 +translation_of: Mozilla/Firefox/Releases/30 +--- +
{{FirefoxSidebar}}

Want to help document Firefox 30? See the list of bugs that need to be written about and pitch in!

+

Changes for Web developers

+

Developer Tools

+ +

CSS

+ +

HTML

+

No change.

+

JavaScript

+ +

Interfaces/APIs/DOM

+ +

MathML

+

No change.

+

SVG

+ +

Audio/Video

+ +

Security

+

No change.

+

Changes for add-on and Mozilla developers

+ +

See also

+ +

Older versions

+

{{Firefox_for_developers('29')}}

diff --git "a/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/47/index.html" "b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/47/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e827aa2ea2 --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/47/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ +--- +title: Firefox 47 for developers +slug: Mozilla/Firefox/เปิดผนึก/47 +translation_of: Mozilla/Firefox/Releases/47 +--- +
{{FirefoxSidebar}}

To test the latest developer features of Firefox,
+ install Firefox Developer EditionFirefox 47 was released on June 6, 2016. This article lists key changes that are useful not only for web developers, but also Firefox and Gecko developers as well as add-on developers.

+ +

Changes for Web developers

+ +

Developer Tools

+ + + +

HTML

+ +

No change.

+ +

CSS

+ + + +

JavaScript

+ + + +

Interfaces/APIs/DOM

+ +

DOM & HTML DOM

+ + + +

WebGL

+ +

No change.

+ +

IndexedDB

+ + + + + + + +

WebRTC

+ + + +

New APIs

+ +

No change.

+ +

Others

+ + + +

Audio/Video

+ + + +

HTTP

+ + + +

Networking

+ +

No change.

+ +

Security

+ + + +

Changes for add-on and Mozilla developers

+ +

Interfaces

+ + + +

FUEL

+ +

The FUEL JavaScript library, introduced back in Firefox 3, has been removed. This library was designed to aid in add-on development and with the introduction of the Add-on SDK and, now, by WebExtensions support, is no longer useful. ({{bug(1090880)}})

+ +

XUL

+ +

No change.

+ +

JavaScript code modules

+ +

No change.

+ +

XPCOM

+ +

No change.

+ +

Other

+ +

No change.

+ +

See also

+ + + +

Older versions

+ +

{{Firefox_for_developers(46)}}

diff --git "a/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/index.html" "b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..544c0ef3d0 --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/mozilla/firefox/\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224\340\270\234\340\270\231\340\270\266\340\270\201/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +--- +title: จดหมายเปิดผนึกถึงนักพัฒนา Firefox +slug: Mozilla/Firefox/เปิดผนึก +translation_of: Mozilla/Firefox/Releases +--- +
{{FirefoxSidebar}}

หน้านี้เอื้ออำนวย ลิงค์ไปสู่ "Firefox X สำหรับนักพัฒนา" บนความในแต่ละครั้งที่ FireFox ส่งออกมา จดหมายเหล่านี้ จะให้คุณได้เห็นว่า มีคุณลักษณะใหม่ที่เพิ่มเข้ามา และ บัคที่ถูกตัดทิ้งไปในแต่ละรุ่นของ FireFox

+
+ {{ListSubpages("",1,0,1)}}
diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/gecko/chrome/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/gecko/chrome/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7c4fe1bfec --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/gecko/chrome/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +--- +title: Chrome +slug: Mozilla/Gecko/Chrome +tags: + - API + - Apps + - Chrome + - Gecko + - Microsoft + - Mozilla +translation_of: Mozilla/Gecko/Chrome +--- +

{{draft}}

+ +

This page contains information specific to Chrome code running in Gecko.

+ +

{{SubpagesWithSummaries}}

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/gecko/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/gecko/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dc063979b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/gecko/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +--- +title: Gecko +slug: Mozilla/Gecko +tags: + - Gecko + - Mozilla + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Mozilla/Gecko +--- +
+

Gecko is the name of the layout engine developed by the Mozilla Project. It was originally named NGLayout. Gecko's function is to read web content, such as HTML, CSS, XUL, JavaScript, and render it on the user's screen or print it. In XUL-based applications Gecko is used to render the application's user interface as well.

+
+ +

Gecko is used in many applications, including a few browsers, such as Firefox, SeaMonkey, etc. (for a complete list, please refer to Wikipedia's article on Gecko.) Products using the same version of Gecko have identical support for standards.

+ + + + + + + + +
+

Documentation

+ +
+
Chrome
+
+

This page contains information specific to Chrome code running in Gecko.

+
+
Gecko FAQ
+
Frequently asked questions about Gecko.
+
Gecko DOM reference
+
Reference to the DOM.
+
Gecko event reference
+
Reference to events used within Gecko and Mozilla applications; for web-standard DOM events, see the DOM event reference.
+
Gecko versions and application versions
+
Versions of Gecko and the applications they're used in.
+
Introduction to Layout in Mozilla
+
Tech Talk on layout.
+
Embedding Mozilla
+
Using Gecko in your own application.
+
Character sets supported by Gecko
+
A list of the character sets supported by Gecko.
+
HTML parser threading
+
Description of multithreading in the HTML parser.
+
{{interwiki('wikimo', 'Gecko:Home_Page', 'Gecko Home Page on MozillaWiki')}}
+
Home for the active developers. Roadmaps and more up-to-date resources.
+
+ +

View All...

+ 		+

Community

+ +
    +
  • View Mozilla forums... {{DiscussionList("dev-tech-layout", "mozilla.dev.tech.layout")}}
    • +
+ + + +
+
Web Standards, XUL, Embedding Mozilla, Developing Mozilla
+
+
+ +

 

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c2fb1b4176 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: Mozilla +slug: Mozilla +tags: + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Mozilla +--- +

บทความด้านล่างเหล่านี้ร่วมด้วย เนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับการดาวน์โหลด และการสร้าง โมซิลล่าโค้ด ในส่วนเพิ่มเติม,คุณจะเจอบทความที่มีประโยชน์เกี่ยวกับ การทำงานของโค้ด, การสร้าง add-ons สำหรับแอพลิเคชั่นบน โมซิลล่า และสิ่งเหล่านี้

+

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/integrated_authentication/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/integrated_authentication/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ec50a0e2ba --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/integrated_authentication/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +--- +title: Integrated Authentication +slug: Mozilla/Integrated_authentication +translation_of: Mozilla/Integrated_authentication +--- +

This document provides an overview of Mozilla's support for integrated authentication. This entails support for the the Simple and Protected GSS-API Negotiation Mechanism (SPNEGO) internet standard (RFC 2478) to negotiate either Kerberos, NTLM, or other authentication protocols supported by the operating system. SPNEGO is commonly referred to as the "negotiate" authentication protocol.

+ +

Mozilla does not have its own internal implementation of SPNEGO. Instead, it leverages system libraries that provide SPNEGO; SSPI on Microsoft Windows, and GSS-API on Linux, Mac OSX, and other UNIX-like systems.

+ +

The Mozilla implementation of SPNEGO can be found under {{ Source("extensions/auth/") }}. It used to live in extensions/negotiateauth.

+ +

Mozilla also supports raw NTLM authentication using an internal implementation (based on the documentation provided by Eric Glass) that supports NTLMv1/LMv1 and NTLM2 Session Key modes. As of Mozilla 1.7, there is no support for NTLMv2/LMv2. This is mainly due to the fact that NTLMSSP does not provide a means to negotiate use of NTLMv2/LMv2. <i>This document is incomplete ...</i>

+ +

Flow Diagram

+ +

The diagram below shows how various components interact.

+ +

Image:integrated-auth.png

+ +

Configuration

+ +

By default, Mozilla rejects all SPNEGO challenges from a web server. This is to protect the user from the possibility of DNS-spoofing being used to stage a man-in-the-middle exploit (see {{ Bug(17578) }} for more info). Moreover, with Windows clients NTLM may be negotiated as the authentication protocol. So, it is paramount that the browser does not freely exchange NTLM user credentials with any server that requests them. The NTLM response includes a hash of the user's logon credentials. On older versions of Windows this hash is computed using a relatively weak algorithm (see Hertel for more info on NTLM authentication).

+ +

Mozilla currently supports a whitelist of sites that are permitted to engage in SPNEGO authentication with the browser. This list is intended to be configured by an IT department prior to distributing Mozilla to end-users.

+ +

The preferences are:

+ +
pref("network.negotiate-auth.trusted-uris", site-list);
+pref("network.negotiate-auth.delegation-uris", site-list);
+pref("network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris", site-list);
+
+ +

where, site-list is a comma-separated list of URL prefixes or domains of the form:

+ +
site-list = "mydomain.com, https://myotherdomain.com"
+
+ +

network.negotiate-auth.trusted-uris lists the sites that are permitted to engage in SPNEGO authentication with the browser, and network.negotiate-auth.delegation-uris lists the sites for which the browser may delegate user authorization to the server. network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris lists the trusted sites to use NTLM authentification.

+ +

If you wish to use non-fully-qualified entries of the form mydomain.com in the above preferences for NTLM and SPNEGO authentication, you will also need to set the preferences network.automatic-ntlm-auth.allow-non-fqdn and network.negotiate-auth.allow-non-fqdn (respectively) to true.

+ +
+

Original Document Information

+ + +
diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/localization/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/localization/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..61a11694cd --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/localization/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +--- +title: Localization at Mozilla +slug: Mozilla/Localization +tags: + - Landing + - Localization + - Mozilla + - TopicStub + - Translation + - l10n +translation_of: Mozilla/Localization +--- +

การแปลเป็นภาษาท้องถิ่น (L10n) คือกระบวนการแปลอินเทอร์เฟซผู้ใช้ของซอฟต์แวร์จากภาษาหนึ่งไปเป็นอีกภาษาหนึ่งและเป็นการปรับให้เข้ากับวัฒนธรรมของแต่ละชาติ ทรัพยากรเหล่านี้มีให้สำหรับผู้ที่มีความสนใจในมุมมองทางเทคนิคที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการแปลเป็นภาษาท้องถิ่น โดยมีให้สำหรับนักพัฒนาและผู้สนับสนุนทุก ๆ คน

+ +

ดูเพิ่มเติม

+ +
+
การแปลเป็นภาษาท้องถิ่นผ่าน MDN
+
ทรัพยากรนี้ครอบคลุมเอกสารคู่มือเกี่ยวกับการแปลเป็นภาษาท้องถิ่นผ่าน MDN
+
App localization
+
เอกสารคู่มือชุดนี้ใช้เฉพาะกับการแปลแอปเป็นภาษาท้องถิ่น รวมทั้งแอปใน Firefox OS ด้วย
+
L10n
+
เอกสารอ้างอิงสำหรับ API ของ L10n ที่ Mozilla ใช้แปล Firefox OS เป็นภาษาท้องถิ่น
+
diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e10fc79c72 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ +--- +title: Firefox Marketplace +slug: Mozilla/Marketplace +tags: + - Apps + - Beginner + - Firefox OS + - Intro + - Marketplace + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - 'l10n:priority' +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/Marketplace +--- +

The Firefox Marketplace is an open and non-proprietary online marketplace for web apps. In this zone you'll find all the information you need to prepare and publish apps on the Firefox Marketplace. Find guidance on how to make apps successful, delivery options, publishing and updating apps, and the libraries and APIs to make use of Marketplace features.

+ +

Mozilla is bringing its core values — openness, freedom, user choice — to the world of app publishing.

+ +

Using standard Web technologies, languages, and tools, the Firefox Marketplace enables you to publish Open Web Apps. These apps can be packaged, running within Firefox OS, or hosted on your own web server. Published apps are available to users of Firefox OS phones wherever they are in the world. Users discover your apps easily in Firefox Marketplace using the featured apps section, app categories, and powerful search. Users are then able to install free apps instantly, or buy paid apps with the growing support for credit card payments and operator billing.

+ +
+
+

Preparing for success

+ +

Whether you're creating apps for pleasure or profit, you'll want people to discover, use, and enjoy them. This section explains how to spread the word and build communities of satisfied users.

+ +

Publication options

+ +

Packaged or Hosted, that is the question. Find out about delivering your app content and the options for making your apps available on Android devices and desktops, in addition to Firefox OS.

+ +

Publishing apps

+ +

Unleash your apps on the waiting world. Find out how to get your apps on Firefox Marketplace, including the processes for submitting your apps, the review process, updating your apps, monitoring their performance, and reviewing user feedback.

+
+ +
+

Tools for app development

+ +
+
Firefox Marketplace Libraries and APIs
+
Get an overview and find links to the libraries and APIs available to add features to your Marketplace apps.
+
App developer tools
+
Find a complete list of the tools you can use to make Open Web App development efficient and fun.
+
WebIDE
+
Your primary tool to test, deploy, and debug Firefox OS apps using the Firefox OS Simulator or a real Firefox OS device.
+
+
+
+ +
+
+

Join the Marketplace community

+ +
+
Choose your preferred method for joining the discussion:
+ + +
+ +
+ +
+
+
+ + + + diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/prepare/deciding_what_to_build/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/prepare/deciding_what_to_build/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9ef2c2e0f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/prepare/deciding_what_to_build/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +--- +title: Deciding what to build +slug: Mozilla/Marketplace/Prepare/Deciding_what_to_build +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/Marketplace/Prepare/Deciding_what_to_build +--- +
+

ค้นหาคำแนะนำเกี่ยวกับการตัดสินใจในการปพลิเคชันและเกมคุณจะสร้างตลาดสำหรับ Firefox

+
+ +

ในโลกที่มีมนต์ 'จะมีapp สำหรับที่' จึงมักจะดูเหมือนว่าจะเป็นจริงมันอาจจะดูเหมือนน่ากลัวเมื่อมันมาถึงการเลือกสิ่งที่ app ที่จะสร้าง อย่างไรก็ตามในขณะที่มักจะ misquoted อดีตข้าราชการสหรัฐอเมริกาสิทธิบัตรของชาร์ลส์ฮอลแลนด์ Duell กล่าวว่าในปี 1902 "ในความคิดของฉันก่อนหน้านี้ทั้งหมดก้าวหน้าในสายต่างๆของการประดิษฐ์จะปรากฏที่ไม่มีนัยสำคัญโดยสิ้นเชิงเมื่อเทียบกับผู้ที่ศตวรรษที่ปัจจุบันจะเป็นพยาน ฉันเกือบจะหวังว่าฉันอาจจะมีชีวิตของฉันอีกครั้งที่จะเห็นสิ่งมหัศจรรย์ซึ่งอยู่ในเกณฑ์. "คำพูดเหล่านี้จะเป็นจริงในวันนี้ขณะที่พวกเขามานานกว่า 100 ปีที่ผ่านมา

+ +

การสร้างความคิดของคุณ

+ +

เพื่อที่คุณจะเริ่มต้น? นี่เป็นคำแนะนำบางส่วน:

+ + + +

การตรวจสอบความคิดของคุณ

+ +

ไม่ว่าแหล่งที่มาของแรงบันดาลใจของคุณคุณควรจะ:

+ +
    +
  1. ยืนยันปัญหาที่คุณต้องการที่จะแก้ปัญหาที่เป็นจริงและผู้ใช้ที่จะต้องการ app ที่จะแก้ปัญหาได้ มีบางคำแนะนำที่ดีเกี่ยวกับกระบวนการนี้คือการวางแผน App ของคุณหน้าในส่วนของการออกแบบของศูนย์ต่าง
    2. +
  2. เปรียบเทียบความคิดของคุณปพลิเคชันที่มีอยู่แล้วในตลาดและร้านค้าสำหรับแพลตฟอร์มอื่น ๆ หากคุณพบสิ่งที่คล้ายกันก็ไม่ใช่เหตุผลที่จะละทิ้งความคิดของคุณมากกว่าที่จะถามตัวเองว่าผมสามารถทำมันได้ดีกว่า ' คุณอาจจะสามารถที่จะแก้ปัญหาได้เร็วขึ้นดีขึ้นหรือในการมีส่วนร่วมมากขึ้นวิธีที่สนุก─ 'การสร้างที่ดีกว่ากับดักหนู' อาจเป็นเพียงสิ่งที่จำเป็น
    3. +
  3. ตรวจสอบว่าคุณมีสิทธิ์ที่จำเป็นในการสร้าง app ของคุณ ความคิดที่ไม่ทั้งหมดและข้อมูลจะถูกนำเสนอในทางที่เปิด มีอยู่ช่วงหนึ่งที่มากที่สุดคุณอาจจะสามารถที่จะใช้ข้อมูลหรือบริการโดยการทำน้อยกว่าการให้การยอมรับสำหรับการใช้พวกเขาอย่างที่คนอื่น ๆ อาจจะมีการออกใบอนุญาตและผลกระทบค่าใช้จ่าย ให้แน่ใจว่าคุณเข้าใจเหล่านี้ก่อนที่จะเริ่มโครงการของคุณ
    4. +
  4. ตรวจสอบว่าเทคโนโลยีที่มีอยู่ เมื่อบางชนิดของการตรวจสอบไม่ได้อยู่มันอาจจะเป็นว่าเทคโนโลยีที่คุณจำเป็นต้องใช้มันก็ไม่สามารถใช้งานบนแพลตฟอร์มเป้าหมายที่ได้รับการสนับสนุนแหล่งที่มาต่อพ่วงหรือข้อมูล
    5. +
+ +

แต่ไม่ต้องกลัวที่จะทดสอบ เพียงเพราะทุกคำแนะนำที่คุณได้รับบอกว่ามันเป็นความคิดที่ดีนำมาใช้ครั้งเดียวและปลดปล่อยในการใช้โทรศัพท์มือถือก็อาจตีคอร์ดที่ไม่มีใครอยู่รอบตัวคุณจะได้รับรู้ นอกจากนี้ถ้าคุณตรวจสอบครั้งแรกไม่ประสบความสำเร็จคุณจะอยู่ใน บริษัท ที่ดี - นกโกรธเป็นนักพัฒนา 52 อันดับเกม

+ +

และพูดคุยของเกมที่นี่คุณมีทั้งความท้าทายมากขึ้นและมีโอกาสมากขึ้น ตัวเลือกเดียวที่มีอยู่ในการพิจารณาเป็นเกมที่ดีในการพัฒนา คิดเกี่ยวกับเกมที่คุณเล่นเป็นเด็กเกมครอบครัวเกมที่คุณเล่นที่โรงเรียนแม้เกมในท้องถิ่นหรือภูมิภาคท​​ี่อาจแปลให้ผู้ชมทั่วโลก อีกถนนมีผลการสำรวจเป็นตำนานและตำนานท้องถิ่นไม่เพียง แต่พวกเขาจะช่วยกำหนดการเล่นเกม แต่ความจริงที่พวกเขาอาจจะดูแปลกที่แปลกหรือแปลกที่ผู้ชมทั่วโลกสามารถเพิ่มอุทธรณ์ของพวกเขา

+ +

นอกจากนี้ยังเป็นมูลค่าการจดจำว่า app ของคุณไม่จำเป็นต้องสำหรับอุปกรณ์มือถือ ปพลิเคชัน Firefox ตลาดนอกจากนี้ยังสามารถติดตั้งบนพีซีและแท็บเล็ ดังนั้นหากความคิดของคุณคือสำหรับ app ที่ซับซ้อนที่มีมากขึ้นเหมาะกับการมุ่งเน้นไปที่ผู้ใช้จะนำไปใช้บนพีซีหรือแท็บเล็ตที่ไม่ได้ทิ้งมัน และยังจำได้ว่าแอพพลิเคสก์ท็อปที่ซับซ้อนอาจได้รับประโยชน์จากโทรศัพท์มือถือรุ่นมุ่งเน้นไปที่การตั้งค่าที่สำคัญของผู้ใช้งานอาจต้องการที่จะดำเนินการออกไปจากโต๊ะของพวกเขา

+ +

มีอยู่แล้วอาจจะมีคนนับล้านของปพลิเคชันออกมี แต่มีนับล้านขึ้นมาและแหล่ง unlikeliest เพียงแค่อาจจะเป็นแหล่งกำเนิดของสิ่งที่แอปพลิเคขนาดใหญ่ต่อไป

+ +

ดู:

+ + diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/publishing/submit/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/publishing/submit/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..265a1ad776 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/publishing/submit/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: Submit +slug: Mozilla/Marketplace/Publishing/Submit +tags: + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/Marketplace/Publishing/Submit +--- +

This section describes the process for submitting an app to Firefox Marketplace

+

Residual details: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Marketplace/Publishing/Submit/Submitting_an_app

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/publishing/submit/overview/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/publishing/submit/overview/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..934043efce --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/marketplace/publishing/submit/overview/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +--- +title: Overview +slug: Mozilla/Marketplace/Publishing/Submit/Overview +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/Marketplace/Publishing/Submit/Overview +--- +
+

เพื่อให้การปพลิเคชันของคุณที่มีอยู่บน Firefox ตลาดแต่ละคนจะต้องมีการส่งไปยังตลาดและมีการทบทวนก่อนที่จะตีพิมพ์. หน้านี้ให้ภาพรวมกระบวนการที่เกี่ยวข้องในการส่งแอพใน Firefox ตลาด.หน้าภายหลังการให้รายละเอียดเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับแต่ละขั้นตอน

+
+ +
+

สำหรับรายละเอียดเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับขั้นตอนของกระบวนการแต่ละโปรดปฏิบัติตามลิงก์ในหัวข้อขั้นตอนหรือเริ่มต้นกระบวนการจากขั้นตอนที่ 1 การแสดงแผนภาพของขั้นตอนการให้บริการที่ด้านล่างของหน้านี้

+
+ +

นอกจากนี้คุณยังสามารถทำตามขั้นตอนการยื่นในวิดีโอนี้: http://vid.ly/8k2n4w

+ +

กระบวนการ

+ +

ดังนั้นคุณจึงต้องการที่จะส่งแอพพลิเคของคุณเพื่อ Firefox ตลาดขอเริ่มต้น:

+ +
+
ขั้นที่ 1 - ลงชื่อเข้าใช้บัญชีของคุณพัฒนา
+
+
    +
  • ไปที่ตลาด Firefox Hub พัฒนา
    • +
  • คลิกส่ง app ของคุณไปยังตลาด
    • +
  • ลงชื่อเข้าใช้บัญชีนักพัฒนาของคุณ: +
      +
    • หากคุณไม่ได้ลงทะเบียนคุณจะถูกถามในการลงทะเบียน
      • +
    • หากคุณไม่ได้ทำเช่นนั้นแล้วคุณจะถูกขอให้ยอมรับข้อตกลงการพัฒนาตลาดของ Firefox
      • +
    +
    • +
+
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 2 - โหลด app ของคุณ
+
บนส่งแอพหน้านี้: +
    +
  • เลือกว่า app เป็นฟรีหรือจ่าย
    • +
  • เลือกแพลตฟอร์ม app ที่จะสามารถใช้ได้ใน
    • +
  • ไม่ว่าจะเป็นแอพพลิเคเลือกเป็นเจ้าภาพหรือแพคเกจแล้ว: +
      +
    • สำหรับแอพพลิเคเจ้าภาพให้การเชื่อมโยงไปยังไฟล์ที่ชัดแจ้ง
      • +
    • สำหรับการตรวจสอบแพคเกจที่อัปโหลดpackage.zipไฟล์และหลังจากที่ได้รับการตรวจสอบระบุความต้องการขั้นต่ำ API
      • +
    +
    • +
  • คลิกที่ดำเนินการต่อ
    • +
+
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 3 - ป้อนรายละเอียดของแอป
+
+

ในการแก้ไขรายละเอียดต่างหน้านี้:

+ +
    +
  • แก้ไข URL app หากคุณต้องการ
    • +
  • แก้ไขคำอธิบาย (ให้ชัดแจ้งใน) หากคุณต้องการ
    • +
  • เลือกหนึ่งหรือสองประเภท
    • +
  • จัดให้มีนโยบายความเป็นส่วนตัว
    • +
  • ที่กำหนดไว้หน้าบ้านและเว็บไซต์สนับสนุนถ้าคุณมีพวกเขา
    • +
  • ให้ที่อยู่อีเมลสนับสนุน
    • +
  • ระบุว่าการตรวจสอบที่ต้องการการสนับสนุนแฟลช
    • +
  • เพิ่มอย่างน้อยหนึ่งหน้าจอหรือวิดีโอ
    • +
  • ให้ความเห็นเพิ่มเติมสำหรับการวิจารณ์ app (เช่นสัญญาณในรายละเอียดของแอพพลิเคถ้าต้องการให้พวกเขา) - ทราบคุณเท่านั้นที่จะสามารถที่จะปรับเปลี่ยนการบันทึกเหล่านี้โดยการส่งรุ่นใหม่ของแอป
    • +
  • เลือกว่า app ที่จะได้รับการเผยแพร่ทันทีที่ได้รับการอนุมัติ - ทราบคุณเท่านั้นที่จะสามารถที่จะปรับเปลี่ยนการตั้งค่านี้โดยการส่งรุ่นใหม่ของแอป
    • +
  • คลิกที่ดำเนินการต่อ
    • +
+
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 4 - ดูรายละเอียดของขั้นตอนถัดไป
+
ในขั้นตอนถัดไปหน้าคลิกดำเนินการต่อ
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 5 - ได้รับการจัดอันดับเนื้อหา
+
ในการจัดอันดับเนื้อหาหน้านี้: +
    +
  • ที่จะได้รับคะแนนใหม่คลิกสร้างใบรับรองความนิยม IARC และบนเว็บไซต์ของ IARC กรอกแบบสอบถามการจัดอันดับ
    • +
  • เพื่อเข้าสู่การจัดอันดับที่คุณได้รับแล้วให้มันID ส่งและรหัสรักษาความปลอดภัย
    • +
+
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 6 - การปรับปรุงความพร้อมใช้งานและรายละเอียดการชำระเงิน
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 6a - ถ้า app ที่เป็นอิสระ (และไม่รวมถึงการซื้อใน app):
+
บนเมนูซ้ายมือคลิกเข้ากันได้ เปลี่ยนประเทศ app ที่จะสามารถใช้ได้ในกรณีที่คุณต้องการ
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 6b - ถ้า app จะจ่าย (หรือฟรี แต่รวมถึงการตรวจสอบในการชำระเงิน)
+
บนเมนูซ้ายมือคลิกเข้ากันได้และการชำระเงิน +
    +
  • การตั้งค่าบัญชีผู้ให้บริการการชำระเงินของคุณเช่น Bango และ Boku
    • +
  • การตั้งราคาที่ระบุว่าการตรวจสอบรวม​​ถึงผลิตภัณฑ์ในการตรวจสอบและเลือกประเทศ app ที่จะสามารถใช้ได้ใน
    • +
  • ถ้า app จะถูกนำเสนอเป็นอัพเกรดพรีเมี่ยมเป็น app ฟรีระบุ app ฟรี
    • +
+
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 6 c - ถ้า app รวมถึงผลิตภัณฑ์ใน app:
+
+ +
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 7 - สมาชิกในทีมติดตั้ง (ถ้ามี)
+
บนเมนูซ้ายมือคลิกสมาชิกในทีมและเพิ่มสมาชิกในทีมเพิ่มเติมใดๆ หากคุณต้องการ
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 8 - ดูรายชื่อ (ถ้ามี)
+
บนเมนูซ้ายมือคลิกดูรายชื่อและดูรายการตลาดapp ของคุณถ้าคุณต้องการ
+
ขั้นตอนที่ 9 - แก้ไขการแปลรายชื่ออื่น ๆ (ถ้ามี)
+
บนเมนูซ้ายมือคลิกแก้ไขรายชื่อและแก้ไขURL app, คำอธิบายและประเภทใด ๆ ของ localizations ปพลิเคชันหรือเพิ่มรายละเอียดสถานที่อื่น ๆ ที่ได้รับการสนับสนุนโดยตลาด Firefox
+
+ +

app ของคุณตอนนี้อยู่ในคิวการตรวจสอบ คุณสามารถตรวจสอบความคืบหน้าผ่านกระบวนการตรวจสอบโดยการคลิกสถานะและรุ่นที่เมนูซ้ายมือ จำไว้ว่าถ้า app ของคุณทำให้การใช้งานของการชำระเงินใน app ที่คุณจะต้องใช้รหัสในคีย์ API และส่งการปรับปรุงการตรวจสอบก่อนที่จะสามารถเผยแพร่ได้

+ +

แผนภูมิการไหล

+ +

แผนภูมิการไหลแสดงขั้นตอนการส่งแอพพลิเค

+ +

อะไรต่อไป

+ +

หลังจากเสร็จสิ้นการส่ง app ของคุณคุณอาจต้องการที่จะ:

+ + diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/mobile/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/mobile/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d7ff6a6ea7 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/mobile/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: Mobile +slug: Mozilla/Mobile +translation_of: Mozilla/Mobile +--- +

Firefox OS

+

Firefox OS is an open source mobile operating system which uses Linux and Mozilla's Gecko engine to run a user interface and set of applications written entirely in HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

+

Read about how to install Firefox OS and how to develop apps for it.

+

Firefox for Android

+

Firefox for Android is Mozilla's mobile web browser for Android devices. It's recently been rewritten to use Android's native UI, making it faster, leaner and more responsive. It provides support for powerful APIs to access device capabilities such as the camera and telephony stack.

+

Read about how to help create Firefox for Android, how to use its device APIs, and how to build mobile add-ons.

+

Mobile web development

+

Mobile devices have very different hardware characteristics from desktop or laptop computers, and many of the APIs used to work with them are still in the process of being standardized.

+

Read about how to develop web sites that look good on mobile devices and take advantage of the new possibilities they offer. Learn how to make sure your web site works well on different browsers.

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/persona/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/persona/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b7168de0e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/persona/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +--- +title: Persona +slug: Mozilla/Persona +tags: + - Persona +translation_of: Archive/Mozilla/Persona +--- +
+

รับการติดต่อ หรือ ขอความช่วยเหลือ!

+ +

ติตตาม บล็อกของเรา,เข้าร่วม รายชื่อผู้รับจดหมายข่าวของเรา, หรือ ค้นหาเราในแท็ก#identity บน IRC.

+
+ +

Mozilla Persona คือ ระบบล็อคอินข้ามเบาร์เซอร์บนหน้าเว็บ  และระบบการตรวจสอบความปลอดภัย สำหรับระบบเว็บพื้นฐาน บนเว็บเบาร์เซอร์ที่ใช้ID โปโตคอลในการทำงาน. เพื่อให้แน่ใจว่า Persona ทำงานในทุกๆที่ และ ทุกๆคน, โมซิลล่าได้จัดทำบริการเล็กๆสำหรับ  ศูนย์กลางทางเลือก ที่มีข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับ Persona ให้ติดตามกัน

+ +

ทำไมคุณและเว็บไซต์ของคุณควรใช้งาน Persona?

+ +
    +
  1. Persona ทำการลบทิ้ง การระบุรหัสผ่านบนเว็บไซต์อย่างสมบูรณ์, ผู้ใช้งานและเว็บไซต์เป็นอิสระจากภาระของการสร้าง,จัดการและ จัดทำระบบเก็บรหัสผ่านเพื่อความปลอดภัย
    2. +
  2. Persona ง่ายต่อการใช้งาน เพียงแค่ 2 คลิก ผู้ใช้งาน Persona ก็สามารถล็อคอินเข้าสู่ เว็บไซต์ใหม่ เช่น Voost โดยผ่านพ้นความยุ่งยากกับการเชื่อมโยงกับบัญชีที่เกี่ยวข้อง
    3. +
  3. Persona ง่ายต่อการดำเนินการ. นักพัฒนาสามารถเพิ่ม Persona ไปยังไซต์ของตนเองได้ภายใน บ่ายวันเดียว
    4. +
  4. ดีที่สุด, ไม่มีการ จำกัดการเข้าสู่ระบบ นักพัฒนาจะได้รับที่อยู่อีเมลล์ยืนยันสำหรับทุกๆผู้ใช้งานของเขา,และ ผู้ใช้งานสามารถใช้งานได้ทุกที่อยู่อีเมล์จาก Persona
    5. +
  5. Persona สร้างขึ้นบนเว็บเปิดที่ใช้ ID โปโตคอล ในการทำงาน. ผู้ผลิตเว็บไซต์ที่เป็นที่นิยมเพียงหนึ่งเดียว จะนำเสนอ เบาร์เซอร์ID ให้ลูกค้า, และพวกเขาไม่จำเป็นต้องพึ่งพา การล็อคอินบนหน้าเว็บโมซิลล่าเลย
    6. +
+ +

อ่านต่อ เพื่อเริ่มต้น!

+ +
หมายเหตุ: Persona อยู่ในการพัฒนาที่จริงจัง. ติมตาม บล็อก ของเรา เพื่อที่จะเรียนรู้ลักษณะใหม่ๆ, หรือเข้าร่วม รายชื่อผู้รับจดหมายข่าวของเรา และเสนอข้อเสนอแนะกับเรา!
+ +

การใช้งาน Persona บนเว็บไซต์ของคุณ

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+

เริ่มต้นใช้งาน

+ +
+
ทำไมต้อง Persona?
+
เรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับ การรับรองการสนับสนุนจาก Persona บนเว็บไซต์ของคุณ, และ เปรียบเทียบเอกลักษณ์และระบบความน่าเชื่อถือ กับระบบอื่นๆ
+
ติดตั้งระบบอย่างรวดเร็ว
+
การติดตั้งอย่างรวดเร็ว ผ่านการแสดงการเพิ่ม Persona บนเว็บไซต์ของคุณ
+
+ 		+

Persona API reference

+ +
+
The navigator.id API reference
+
Reference for the navigator.id object, which web developers can use to integrate Persona into sites.
+
Verification API reference
+
Reference for the remote verification API hosted at https://verifier.login.persona.org/verify.
+
+
+

Guides

+ +
+
Security considerations
+
Practices and techniques to make sure your Persona deployment is secure.
+
Browser compatibility
+
Learn exactly which browsers support Persona.
+
Internationalization
+
Learn how Persona handles different languages.
+
+ 		+

Resources

+ +
+
Libraries and plugins
+
Find a drop-in library for your favorite programming language, web framework, blog, or content management system.
+
The Persona cookbook
+
Example source code for Persona sites. Includes snippets in C# (MVC3), PHP, Node.JS, and more.
+
Branding resources
+
Sign in buttons and other graphics to help present Persona to your users.
+
+
+ + + + + + + + +
+

Information for Identity Providers

+ +

If you're an email provider or another identity-providing service, check out the links below to learn about becoming a Persona Identity Provider.

+ +
+
IdP Overview
+
A high level view of Persona Identity Providers.
+
Implementing an IdP
+
A detailed guide to the technical details of becoming an IdP.
+
.well-known/browserid
+
An overview of the structure and purpose of the .well-known/browserid file, which IdPs use to advertise their support for the protocol.
+
+ 		+

The Persona Project

+ +
+
Glossary
+
BrowserID and Persona terminology defined.
+
FAQ
+
Answers to common questions.
+
Protocol overview
+
A mid-level technical overview of the underlying BrowserID protocol.
+
Crypto
+
A look at the cryptographic concepts behind Persona and BrowserID.
+
The Spec
+
Deep technical details live here.
+
The Persona Website
+
To get Persona going, we're hosting three services at https://login.persona.org: a fallback Identity Provider, a portable implementation of the {{ domxref("navigator.id") }} APIs, and an identity assertion verification service.
+
The Persona Source Code
+
The code behind the Persona website lives in a repository on GitHub. Pull requests welcome!
+
+
+ +

 

+ +
+
 
+
diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/projects/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/projects/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ac8536e706 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/projects/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +--- +title: Mozilla Projects +slug: Mozilla/Projects +tags: + - Landing + - Mozilla + - NeedsContent + - NeedsTranslation + - Projects + - TopicStub +translation_of: Mozilla/Projects +--- +

Mozilla has a number of projects other than Firefox itself. Many of these are components of Firefox or are tools used to create Firefox, but may be used by other projects as well. Here you'll find links to documentation about these projects.

+ +

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/projects/nss/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/projects/nss/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d3838634d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/projects/nss/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ +--- +title: Network Security Services +slug: Mozilla/Projects/NSS +translation_of: Mozilla/Projects/NSS +--- +

Network Security Services ( NSS ) คือชุดของไลบรารีที่ออกแบบมาเพื่อรองรับการพัฒนาข้ามแพลตฟอร์มของแอปพลิเคชันไคลเอนต์และเซิร์ฟเวอร์ที่เปิดใช้งานความปลอดภัย แอปพลิเคชันที่สร้างด้วย NSS สามารถรองรับ SSL v3, TLS, PKCS # 5, PKCS # 7, PKCS # 11, PKCS # 12, S / MIME, X.509 v3 ใบรับรองและมาตรฐานความปลอดภัยอื่น ๆ

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สำหรับข้อมูลรายละเอียดเกี่ยวกับมาตรฐานการสนับสนุนให้ดูภาพรวมของ NSS สำหรับรายชื่อของคำถามที่ถามบ่อยดูที่คำถามที่พบบ่อย

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NSS มีให้บริการภายใต้ Mozilla Public License สำหรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการดาวน์โหลดรุ่น NSS เป็นไฟล์ tar ดูดาวน์โหลด PKI มา

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หากคุณเป็นนักพัฒนาและต้องการที่จะนำไปสู่การ NSS คุณอาจต้องการที่จะอ่านเอกสารภาพรวม highlevel รายละเอียดภายในของ NSSและการเริ่มต้นกับ NSS

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เอกสารประกอบ

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ข้อมูลพื้นฐาน

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ภาพรวมของ NSS
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ให้ข้อมูลสรุปสั้น ๆ เกี่ยวกับ NSS และความสามารถ
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คำถามที่พบบ่อย NSS
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ตอบคำถามพื้นฐานเกี่ยวกับ NSS
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ข้อมูลเบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับการเข้ารหัสคีย์สาธารณะ
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อธิบายแนวคิดพื้นฐานของการเข้ารหัสคีย์สาธารณะที่รองรับ NSS
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ข้อมูลเบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับ SSL
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แนะนำโปรโตคอล SSL รวมถึงข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการเข้ารหัสการเข้ารหัสที่รองรับโดย SSL และขั้นตอนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับ SSL handshake
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เริ่มต้นใช้งาน

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NSS เผยแพร่
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หน้านี้มีข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับ NSS รุ่นปัจจุบันและในอดีต
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รับซอร์สโค้ดและสร้างมัน
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คำแนะนำในการสร้าง NSS บนแพลตฟอร์มต่างๆที่รองรับ
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รับซอร์สโค้ด Mozilla โดยใช้ Mercurial
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ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการทำงานกับ Mercurial
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รับซอร์สโค้ด Mozilla โดยใช้ CVS (เลิกใช้แล้ว)
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เอกสาร CVS เก่าที่เลิกใช้แล้ว
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NSS API

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ข้อมูลเบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับบริการรักษาความปลอดภัยเครือข่าย
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ให้ภาพรวมของไลบรารี NSS และสิ่งที่คุณจำเป็นต้องรู้เพื่อใช้งาน
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NSS SSL ฟังก์ชั่นสาธารณะ
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สรุป SSL API ที่ส่งออกโดยไลบรารีที่ใช้ร่วมกันของ NSS
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การอ้างอิง NSS SSL
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API ใช้เพื่อเรียกใช้การดำเนินการ SSL
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แนวทาง NSS API
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อธิบายวิธีการจัดระเบียบไลบรารีและรหัสและแนวทางในการพัฒนาโค้ด (หลักการตั้งชื่อการจัดการข้อผิดพลาดความปลอดภัยของเธรด ฯลฯ )
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หมายเหตุทางเทคนิค NSS
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ลิงก์ไปยังบันทึกทางเทคนิคของ NSS ซึ่งให้ข้อมูลล่าสุดเกี่ยวกับคุณสมบัติใหม่ของ NSS และเอกสารประกอบสำหรับหัวข้อขั้นสูงในการเขียนโปรแกรมด้วย NSS
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เครื่องมือการทดสอบและรายละเอียดทางเทคนิคอื่น ๆ

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สร้างคำแนะนำสำหรับ NSS
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Describe how to check out and build NSS releases.
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NSS Developer Tutorial
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How to make changes in NSS. Coding style, maintaining ABI compatibility.
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NSS Tools
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Tools for developing, debugging, and managing applications that use NSS.
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Sample Code
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Demonstrates how NSS can be used for cryptographic operations, certificate handling, SSL, etc.
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Third-Party Code
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A list of third-party code included in the NSS library.
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NSS 3.2 Test Suite
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Archived version. Describes how to run the standard NSS tests.
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NSS Performance Reports
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Archived version. Links to performance reports for NSS 3.2 and later releases.
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Encryption Technologies Available in NSS 3.11
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Archived version. Lists the cryptographic algorithms used by NSS 3.11.
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NSS 3.1 Loadable Root Certificates
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เวอร์ชันที่เก็บถาวร อธิบายโครงร่างสำหรับการโหลดใบรับรอง CA หลัก
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cert7.db
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เวอร์ชันที่เก็บถาวร รูปแบบทั่วไปของฐานข้อมูล cert7.db
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ข้อมูล PKCS # 11

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ใบรับรอง CA ที่โหลดไว้ล่วงหน้าใน NSS

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NSS สร้างขึ้นบน Netscape Portable Runtime (NSPR)

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Netscape Portable Runtime
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หน้าโครงการ NSPR
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การอ้างอิง NSPR
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เอกสาร NSPR API
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ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม

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การวางแผน

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ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการวางแผน NSS สามารถพบได้ที่wiki.mozilla.orgรวมถึง:

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ชุมชน

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  • ดูฟอรัม Mozilla Security ...
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{{DiscussionList ("dev-security", "mozilla.dev.security")}}

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  • ดูฟอรัม Mozilla Cryptography ...
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{{DiscussionList ("dev-tech-crypto", "mozilla.dev.tech.crypto")}}

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diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/qa/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/qa/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d79bac2238 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/qa/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,239 @@ +--- +title: 'QA: Quality assurance at Mozilla' +slug: Mozilla/QA +tags: + - Landing + - QA + - Testing +translation_of: Mozilla/QA +--- +

มอซิลลากิจกรรมการประกันคุณภาพการประกัน (QA) ทีมไดรฟ์คุณภาพซอฟต์แวร์ทั่ว Mozilla และมีบทบาทสำคัญในการปล่อยความหลากหลายของผลิตภัณฑ์ซอฟต์แวร์ในตาราง ภายในแต่ละโครงการใน Mozilla เราทำงานในการสำรวจคุณสมบัติใหม่เขียนและดำเนินการทดสอบการค้นพบและยื่นข้อบกพร่องในการสร้างและการบำรุงรักษาเครื่องมือในการเก็บรวบรวมและวิเคราะห์ตัวชี้วัดและการสนับสนุนการเปิดตัวผลิตภัณฑ์ระดับโลกที่ส่งเสริมการเปิดเว็บ

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ที่นี่คุณจะพบบทความและเครื่องมือที่จะช่วยให้คุณเกียร์ขึ้นไปร่วมทีม QA ทดสอบ Firefox เพื่อให้แน่ใจว่าแต่ละรุ่นจะดีเท่าที่จะสามารถ

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เริ่ม

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เป็นโรคจิต

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รายงานข้อบกพร่อง

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Bugzilla
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ทุกโครงการ Mozilla ใช้Bugzillaเพื่อติดตามข้อบกพร่อง คุณจะต้องสร้างบัญชีกับ Bugzillaเพื่อรายงานข้อบกพร่องและ triage พวกเขา
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แนวทางการเขียนข้อผิดพลาด
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ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้นข้อผิดพลาดจะมีการรายงานที่มีแนวโน้มมากขึ้นที่เป็นวิศวกรจริงจะแก้ไขได้ โดยปฏิบัติตามหลักเกณฑ์เหล่านี้คุณสามารถช่วยให้มั่นใจว่าข้อบกพร่องของคุณอยู่ที่ด้านบนของกองวิศวกร Mozilla 'และได้รับการแก้ไข
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ชีวิตของแมลง
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กวดวิชานี้จะให้ภาพรวมของสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้นในรัฐที่ข้อผิดพลาดที่จะผ่านไปเช่นเดียวกับวิธีการที่จะไปจากที่หนึ่งไปยังอีกที่อยู่ในชีวิตทั้งหมด นอกจากนี้ยังอธิบายความหมายของธง / คำหลักที่ใช้ในการควบคุมคุณภาพ
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ยื่นข้อบกพร่องผิดพลาด
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เอกสารนี้แสดงแนวทางและเคล็ดลับเกี่ยวกับวิธีการยื่นรายงานข้อผิดพลาดสำหรับการเกิดปัญหาในทางที่จะช่วยในการแก้จุดบกพร่องและแก้ไขปัญหาที่รายงาน
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+
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triaging ข้อบกพร่อง

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ยืนยันข้อบกพร่องที่ไม่ยืนยัน
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แจ้งรายงานข้อผิดพลาดที่มีประโยชน์และปิดส่วนที่เหลือ
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triaging Bugs สำหรับ Firefox
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ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับกระบวนการข้อผิดพลาดทั้งหมด triaging - การประมวลผลจากข้อบกพร่องที่เข้ามาเพื่อแคบลงขั้นตอนในการทำซ้ำข้อบกพร่อง
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การตรวจคัดกรองโรคจิตที่ซ้ำกัน
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ช่วยให้ได้รับการแก้ไขข้อบกพร่องได้เร็วขึ้นโดยการคัดกรองรายงานเข้ามาซ้ำกัน
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หลักเกณฑ์ทั่วไป
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สิ่งที่ต้องทำและสิ่งที่ไม่ต้องทำใน Bugzilla
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+
+
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การทดสอบด้วยตนเอง

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+
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คู่มือการใช้งานกรณีทดสอบการเขียนรองพื้น
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วิธีการเขียนคู่มือกรณีทดสอบที่เหมาะสม
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+
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+
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MozTrap
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คู่มือ Mozilla ควบคุมคุณภาพของกรณีทดสอบที่อาศัยอยู่ใน MozTrap เป็นเครื่องมือในบ้าน คุณจะต้องมี ID Persona เพื่อเข้าสู่ระบบและดำเนินการกรณีทดสอบ เรียนรู้วิธีการทำงานกับMozTrap เอกสาร
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+
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การทดสอบอัตโนมัติ

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การทดสอบอัตโนมัติที่ Mozilla
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เอกสารเกี่ยวกับการสร้างและการใช้การทดสอบแบบอัตโนมัติรหัส Mozilla
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การทดสอบการพัฒนา
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ตรวจสอบให้แน่ใจว่าการเปลี่ยนแปลงในอนาคตที่จะ Mozilla ไม่ทำลายสิ่งที่ทำงานในปัจจุบันได้อย่างถูกต้อง
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หลีกเลี่ยงความล้มเหลวในการทดสอบเป็นระยะ ๆ
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ข้อเสนอแนะสำหรับวิธีที่จะทำให้การทดสอบของคุณน่าเชื่อถือมากขึ้นจึงช่วยให้เพื่อหลีกเลี่ยงการสุ่มความล้มเหลวในการทดสอบเป็นระยะ ๆ
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+
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+
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Robocop
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Robocop เป็นระบบทดสอบอัตโนมัติใช้สำหรับ Firefox สำหรับ Android เรียนรู้ของแนวสไตล์รหัส
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หุ่นเชิด
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เริ่มต้นกับการทดสอบ Marionette UI
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แพลตฟอร์มการทดสอบเว็บ
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เรียนรู้วิธีการใช้มาตรฐานอุตสาหกรรม, เบราว์เซอร์ข้ามแพลตฟอร์มระบบการทดสอบ Runtime เว็บจากW3Cใช้โดย Mozilla และอื่น ๆ เพื่อให้แน่ใจว่าการทำงานร่วมกันเบราว์เซอร์
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การทดสอบการบันทึกข้อมูลภายนอก
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เริ่มต้นการทดสอบองค์ประกอบวิดีโอ HTML5 โดยใช้ VideoPuppeteer เป็นหุ่นกระบอก - ชุดทดสอบชั่นที่ใช้ในการทดสอบเว็บไซต์เช่น YouTube และ Netflix
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Firefox QE

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+
+
triaging Bugs สำหรับ Firefox
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ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับกระบวนการข้อผิดพลาดทั้งหมด triaging - การประมวลผลจากข้อบกพร่องที่เข้ามาเพื่อทำให้แคบลงตามขั้นตอนในการทำซ้ำข้อผิดพลาด
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เคล็ดลับและเทคนิค
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เคล็ดลับและเทคนิคเหล่านี้จะทำให้ชีวิตของคุณง่ายขึ้นเมื่อคุณมีการทดสอบ
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+ดาวน์โหลดต่อคืนหรือลำต้นสร้าง + +
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ทุก 24 ชั่วโมงเป็น "ยามค่ำ​​คืน" สร้างที่ถูกสร้างขึ้นทดสอบทั่วโลกดาวน์โหลดและการทดสอบการรายงานที่พวกเขาไปพร้อมกับข้อผิดพลาดใด ๆ ที่ตีพวกเขา 
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เลือกบรรทัดคำสั่ง
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เลือกบรรทัดคำสั่งที่ใช้ในการระบุตัวเลือกเริ่มต้นที่แตกต่างกันสำหรับ Firefox
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รายงานปัญหาประสิทธิภาพการทำงาน
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บทความนี้จะแนะนำคุณในการรายงานปัญหาประสิทธิภาพการทำงานโดยใช้นามสกุลตุ๊กแก Profiler
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รายงานความผิดพลาด
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เรือ Firefox กับโอเพนซอร์สระบบการรายงานความผิดพลาด
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+
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Firefox สำหรับ Android

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มือถือ Firefox
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Firefox สำหรับ Android เป็นรุ่นมือถือของ Firefox ด้วยรูปลักษณ์ Android พื้นเมืองและความรู้สึก
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ทดสอบความเข้ากัน
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ช่วยให้เราระบุเว็บไซต์ที่ไม่ทำงานได้ดีใน Firefox โดยการรายงานปัญหาเฉพาะที่คุณพบในการสอบสวนของคุณ
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+
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เข้าสู่ระบบด้วยสะพาน Android Debug และ Logcat
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บทความนี้จะให้คำแนะนำในการดาวน์โหลดและการตั้งค่าสภาพแวดล้อมที่หนึ่งที่สามารถเข้าถึงและดูบันทึกระบบ Android
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การเปิดใช้งานข้อผิดพลาดคอนโซล
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ดูบทความของ Mozilla Hacks ในการแก้จุดบกพร่องระยะไกลบน Firefox สำหรับ Androidสำหรับเนื้อหาเว็บ หากคุณต้องการที่จะแก้ปัญหาเบราว์เซอร์ Firefox ตัวเองใช้ของ Android logcat ADB
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Firefox OS

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การทดสอบด้วยตนเอง

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จำลอง VS Emulator VS อุปกรณ์
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เหล่านี้มีสามตัวเลือกขั้นพื้นฐานเมื่อมันมาถึงได้รับสภาพแวดล้อม Firefox OS เพื่อที่จะทำงานบนหรือการพัฒนาสำหรับ Firefox OS
+
แก้จุดบกพร่อง
+
ค้นพบเครื่องมือที่แตกต่างกันในการกำจัดของคุณเพื่อแก้ปัญหารหัส Firefox ระบบปฏิบัติการของคุณ
+
แจ้งข้อผิดพลาด
+
บทความนี้จะให้คำแนะนำเกี่ยวกับข้อบกพร่องการยื่นกับโครงการ Firefox OS รวมทั้ง Gaia และ B2G
+
+
+ +
+

แพลทฟอร์ม (Gecko)

+ +
+
การทดสอบแบบอัตโนมัติ
+
เรียนรู้แง่มุมต่าง ๆ ของการทดสอบ Firefox OS, รวมทั้งการทดสอบการทำงานที่แตกต่างกันระบบอัตโนมัติและผลการรายงานและการติดตาม
+
การทดสอบประสิทธิภาพ Gaia
+
บทความนี้จะให้ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับการทำงานการทดสอบประสิทธิภาพการทำงานบน Gaia เช่นเดียวกับวิธีการสร้างการทดสอบใหม่
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คุณลักษณะแผนภูมิการสนับสนุน
+
มีหลายสร้างแตกต่างกันของ Firefox OS ที่คุณสามารถดาวน์โหลดหรือสร้างสำหรับตัวเองและมีความแตกต่างบางอย่างระหว่างประเภทของคุณสมบัติที่มีอยู่ในแต่ละอุปกรณ์
+
+
+
+ +
+

เว็บ QA

+ +
+
+
+
ลด testcases
+
ปรับปรุงการรายงานข้อผิดพลาดโดยการเปิดหน้าเว็บแบ่งออกเป็น testcases ง่ายซึ่งช่วยให้นักพัฒนาสามารถเข้าใจข้อผิดพลาดและนอกจากนี้ยังสามารถใช้สำหรับการสร้างการทดสอบแบบอัตโนมัติ
+
ผู้จัดการ XFails
+
หนึ่งในงานที่ต่อเนื่องของแผนก QA เว็บเป็น xfails ผู้จัดการ เอกสารนี้จะอธิบายสิ่งที่ xfails มีและอธิบายขั้นตอนหนึ่งที่สามารถใช้เวลาในการตรวจสอบและปรับปรุงพวกเขา
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+
+ +
+
+
การทดสอบการทำงานอัตโนมัติ
+
ดังนั้นคุณสนใจที่จะเอื้อต่อการควบคุมคุณภาพของ Mozilla เว็บโครงการอัตโนมัติ แต่ไม่ทราบว่าจะเริ่มต้นอย่างไร เอกสารนี้จะช่วยให้คุณได้รับและทำงานชุดของการทดสอบในประเทศ
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+
+
+ +
+

อภิธานศัพท์

+ +
+
+
ทดสอบสูบบุหรี่
+
+
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/mozilla/tech/index.html b/files/th/mozilla/tech/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8a54865338 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla/tech/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +--- +title: Mozilla technologies +slug: Mozilla/Tech +tags: + - Landing + - Mozilla + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub + - XUL +translation_of: Mozilla/Tech +--- +

Mozilla has several technologies used as components of its projects. These are documented here.

+ +

{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

diff --git a/files/th/mozilla_mathml_project/index.html b/files/th/mozilla_mathml_project/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2b45c419b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla_mathml_project/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +--- +title: Mozilla MathML Project +slug: Mozilla_MathML_Project +tags: + - MathML + - MathML Project + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Mozilla/MathML_Project +--- +

Updates

+

mathboard.png

+ +

November 16, 2012

+

MathML and Thunderbird

+

November 14, 2012

+

Writing mathematics in emails

+

October 12, 2012

+

MathML has been enabled in Chrome Canary!

+

September 25, 2012

+

Story of a MathML summer project by Quentin Headen: Summer of Mozilla.

+

September 1, 2012

+

Mozilla MathML Project: Roadmap

+

Thank you to all the contributors who have worked on the MathML project this summer!

+

May 3, 2012

+

New MathJax option available in Wikipedia. If you have a Wikipedia account, mathematical formulas can now be rendered with MathML!

+

Community

+ + + +

Sample MathML Documents

+ +

Create MathML Documents

+ +
+

Original Document Information

+ +
+

 

+
+  
diff --git a/files/th/mozilla_mathml_project/start/index.html b/files/th/mozilla_mathml_project/start/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..74db3b2237 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/mozilla_mathml_project/start/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +--- +title: MathML In Action +slug: Mozilla_MathML_Project/Start +translation_of: Mozilla/MathML_Project/Start +--- +

MathML in Action

+

คุณเห็นสมการที่สวยงามตลอดหน้านี้รึเปล่า? ไม่เหรอ? ว้า.. แย่หน่อยนะ. นี่คือ ภาพจับหน้าจอ แสดงสิ่งที่คุณพลาดไป. ดาวน์โหลด Mozilla ที่ใช้ MathML ได้ (MathML-enabled build) เสียตั้งแต่ตอนนี้ เพื่ออะไรๆ จะได้ดีขึ้น.

+

หรือว่าคุณมี build ที่ใช้ MathML ได้แล้ว แต่สิ่งที่คุณได้เห็นนั้น ไม่เหมือนกับในภาพจับหน้าจอ? ถ้าเป็นอย่างนั้น บางทีคุณอาจจะยังไม่มี ฟอนต์ MathML บางตัวก็ได้.

+

เอาละ ตกลงว่า ตอนนี้คุณมีทุกอย่างพร้อมแล้ว, คุณน่าจะเห็นสมการนี้ ในรูปแบบต่างๆ : x ^ + xy ^ + xyz ^ . ลองสมการเล็กๆ ดู, det | a c b d | = a d - b c , ซึ่งก็สามารถที่จะแสดงในแบบ displaystyle เป็น det | a b c d | = a d - b c .

+

การจัดตัวพิมพ์สำหรับสมการคณิตศาสตร์นั้นเป็นเรื่องละเอียดอ่อน MathML ใน Mozilla มุ่งหวังที่จะทำตาม ข้อกำหนด MathML เพื่อให้ สิ่งที่คุณเห็นคือสิ่งที่คุณได้มาร์คอัพไว้ (What You See Is What You Markup), หรือจะเรียกอีกแบบ สิ่งที่คุณเห็นคือสิ่งที่คุณได้ทำ (What You See Is What You Made), หรือเอาสั้นๆ "WYSIWYM". ความแตกต่างระหว่างสมการสองอันข้างล่างนี้ คือ การมาร์คอัพ! ( ... ( ( a 0 + a 1 ) n 1 + a 2 ) n 2 + ... + a p ) n p ( ... ( ( a 0 + a 1 ) n 1 + a 2 ) n 2 + ... + a p ) n p

+

สัญลักษณ์ "ราก" ของสมการที่เป็นตัวหนาอันนี้ y 3 + p y + q = 0 ก็เป็นตัวหนาเช่นเดียวกัน y = - q 2 + q 2 4 + p 3 27 2 3 + - q 2 - q 2 4 + p 3 27 2 3 .

+

เหมือนๆ กับสัญลักษณ์ "ราก" ของสมการนี้ a x 2 + b x + c = 0 , คลิกตรงไหนก็ได้ในพื้นที่สีเหลือง เพื่อ ย่อ/ขยาย :

+
+

Zoomable Math

+

HTML Content

+ 
    <p>
+      <math display="block">
+        <mstyle id="zoomableMath" mathbackground="yellow">
+          <mrow>
+            <mi>x</mi>
+            <mo>=</mo>
+            <mfrac>
+              <mrow>
+                <mrow>
+                  <mo>-</mo>
+                  <mi>b</mi>
+                </mrow>
+                <mo>&#xB1;</mo>
+                <msqrt>
+                  <mrow>
+                    <msup>
+                      <mi>b</mi>
+                      <mn>2</mn>
+                    </msup>
+                    <mo>-</mo>
+                    <mrow>
+                      <mn>4</mn>
+                      <mi>a</mi>
+                      <mi>c</mi>
+                    </mrow>
+                  </mrow>
+                </msqrt>
+              </mrow>
+              <mrow>
+                <mn>2</mn>
+                <mi>a</mi>
+              </mrow>
+            </mfrac>
+          </mrow>
+        </mstyle>
+      </math>
+    </p>
+
+
+

JavaScript Content

+ 
      function zoomToggle()
+      {
+      if (this.hasAttribute("mathsize")) {
+      this.removeAttribute("mathsize");
+      } else {
+      this.setAttribute("mathsize", "200%");
+      }
+      }
+
+      function load()
+      {
+      document.getElementById("zoomableMath").
+      addEventListener("click", zoomToggle, false);
+      }
+
+      window.addEventListener("load", load, false);
+
+

{{ EmbedLiveSample('Zoomable_Math') }}

+

ลองพิจารณาการมาร์คอัพที่น่าสนใจอันนี้ { u t + f ( u ) x = 0 u ( 0 , x ) = { u - if  x < 0 u + if  x > 0 หรือการมาร์คอัพที่ซับซ้อนอย่าง Ell ^ Y ( Z ; z , τ ) := ∫ Y ( ∏ l ( y l 2 π i ) θ ( y l 2 π i - z ) θ ′ ( 0 ) θ ( - z ) θ ( y l 2 π i ) ) × ( ∏ k θ ( e k 2 π i - ( α k + 1 ) z ) θ ( - z ) θ ( e k 2 π i - z ) θ ( - ( α k + 1 ) z ) ) π ( n ) = ∑ m = 2 n ⌊ ( ∑ k = 1 m - 1 ⌊ ( m / k ) / ⌈ m / k ⌉ ⌋ ) - 1 ⌋ ∥ ϕ ∥ W s k ( Ω g ) ≝ ( ∑ | α | ≦ k ∂ α ϕ ∂ ξ α L s ( Ω g ) s ) 1 / s

+

ตัวอย่างอื่นๆ, ให้ดูที่ลิงก์ในหน้าของ โครงการ MathML, และถ้าคุณ สร้าง ตัวโปรแกรม Mozilla ใช้เอง, กรุณาดูที่ไดเรกทอรี mozilla/layout/mathml/tests.

+

เอาละ, แล้วยังไงต่อไปล่ะ? หลังจากที่คุณได้ลอง MathML ใน Mozilla แล้ว คุณได้เห็นอะไรบ้าง? จะทำยังไงกับบางสิ่งบางอย่างที่คุณคิดว่า มันดูจะไม่ตรงตามข้อกำหนด MathML ซะเท่าไหร่? หรือบางอย่างที่มันดูน่ารำคาญ ไม่น่าดู, และคุณคิดว่าคุณสามารถทำมันได้ดีกว่าซะอีก? หรือบางอย่างที่มันเคยใช้ได้ก่อนหน้านี้ แต่ว่าตอนนี้มันใช้ไม่ได้แล้ว (เรียกอีกอย่างว่า regressions)? ไม่ว่าจะเป็นกรณีไหน, ให้ตรงไปที่ Bugzilla เพื่อรายงานปัญหาที่พบ. Bugzilla มีเนื้อที่จำนวนมากสำหรับจัดเก็บปัญหาเหล่านี้, และแน่นอน, ปัญหาของคุณคงจะไม่ได้รับการแก้ไขแน่ ถ้ามันไม่เคยถูกรายงาน!

+

มาช่วยกัน ต่อเติม เสริม Gecko ด้วยตัววาด MathML ที่มีความสามารถสูง และทำตามมาตรฐาน. คุณสามารถทำได้เดี๋ยวนี้ ตอนนี้ โดย ใส่เนื้อหา MathML ลงในเวบของคุณ, แจ้งข้อผิดพลาดที่ Bugzilla, และถ้าคุณสามารถช่วยเรื่องเขียนโปรแกรมได้, มาช่วย ตรวจสอบ/ปรับปรุง โค้ดปัจจุบัน, และ/หรือ เลือกอะไรสักอย่างนึงจาก รายการสิ่งที่ต้องทำ (ToDo).

diff --git a/files/th/tools/debugger/index.html b/files/th/tools/debugger/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c384131b2e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/tools/debugger/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +--- +title: The Firefox JavaScript Debugger +slug: Tools/Debugger +tags: + - Debugger + - Debugging + - Dev Tools + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Tools + - TopicStub + - 'l10n:priority' +translation_of: Tools/Debugger +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

The JavaScript Debugger enables you to step through JavaScript code and examine or modify its state to help track down bugs.

+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("QK4hKWmJVLo")}}

+ +

You can use it to debug code running locally in Firefox or running remotely, for example on an Android device running Firefox for Android. See remote debugging to learn how to connect the debugger to a remote target.

+ +

To find your way around the debugger, here's a quick tour of the UI.

+ +

How to

+ +

To find out what you can do with the debugger, see the following how-to guides:

+ +
+ +
+ +
+

Reference

+ +
+ +
diff --git "a/files/th/tools/debugger/www.\340\270\253\340\270\231\340\270\261\340\270\207\340\271\202\340\270\233\340\271\211.com/index.html" "b/files/th/tools/debugger/www.\340\270\253\340\270\231\340\270\261\340\270\207\340\271\202\340\270\233\340\271\211.com/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a4c0bcf086 --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/tools/debugger/www.\340\270\253\340\270\231\340\270\261\340\270\207\340\271\202\340\270\233\340\271\211.com/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ +--- +title: หนังโป้ +slug: Tools/Debugger/www.หนังโป้.com +translation_of: Tools/Debugger/UI_Tour +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

บทความนี้แนะนำโดยย่อเกี่ยวกับส่วนหลักของส่วนต่อประสานผู้ใช้ JavaScript Debugger UI ถูกแบ่งออกเป็นสามส่วนในแนวตั้ง

+ + + +

+ +

บานหน้าต่างรายการแหล่งที่มา

+ +

บานหน้าต่างรายการแหล่งข้อมูลจะแสดงรายการไฟล์ต้นฉบับ JavaScript ทั้งหมดที่โหลดลงในหน้าและช่วยให้คุณสามารถเลือกหนึ่งไฟล์ที่จะดีบั๊กที่แหล่งข้อมูลระดับบนสุดจะถูกจัดระเบียบโดยแหล่งกำเนิดและภายใต้ว่าพวกเขาจัดระเบียบ โดยโครงสร้างที่พวกเขาจะให้บริการ

+ +

+ +

คุณสามารถค้นหาไฟล์โดยใช้Ctrl+ P( Cmd+ Pบน Mac)

+ +

ส่วนขยายของเว็บจะแสดงรายการในบานหน้าต่างรายการแหล่งที่มาโดยใช้ชื่อส่วนขยาย

+ +

+ +

มีตัวเลือกเมนูหลายไฟล์และโฟลเดอร์หรือกลุ่มโดยทั่วไปแล้วจะดูได้โดยคลิกขวาที่รายการ

+ +

สำหรับไฟล์ตัวเลือกเมนูบริบทต่อไปนี้จะมีให้ใช้งาน:

+ +

สกรีนช็อตแสดงตัวเลือกเมนูบริบทสำหรับไฟล์ในบานหน้าต่างรายการแหล่งที่มา

+ + + +

สำหรับโฟลเดอร์และกลุ่มมีตัวเลือกเมนูบริบทต่อไปนี้:

+ +

สกรีนช็อตแสดงตัวเลือกเมนูบริบทสำหรับโฟลเดอร์ในบานหน้าต่างรายการแหล่งที่มา

+ + + +

มุมมองโครงร่าง

+ +

มุมมองโครงร่างแสดงแผนผังสำหรับการนำทางไฟล์ที่เปิดอยู่ในปัจจุบัน ใช้เพื่อข้ามไปยังนิยามฟังก์ชันคลาสหรือเมธอดโดยตรง

+ +

บานหน้าต่างแหล่งที่มา

+ +

นี่แสดงไฟล์ JavaScript ที่โหลดอยู่ในปัจจุบัน

+ +

เมื่อบานหน้าต่างต้นทางมุ่งเน้นคุณสามารถค้นหาสตริงในไฟล์โดยใช้Ctrl+ F( Cmd+ Fบน Mac)

+ +

Breakpoints have a blue arrow overlaid on the line number. Conditional breakpoints have an orange arrow. If you're stopped at a breakpoint, the entire line gets a green overlay. In the screenshot below there are three breakpoints:

+ + + +

+ +

The third column shows more information about the breakpoints. For example, the logpoint at line 85 logs the value of the tableRow variable to the console and the conditional breakpoint at line 100 breaks if the contents of the todoList is undefined.

+ +

Toolbar

+ +

At the top of the right-hand pane, there's a toolbar:

+ +

+ +

The toolbar consists of:

+ + + +

Breakpoints list

+ +

Under the toolbar, you'll see all the breakpoints you've set. Next to each breakpoint is a checkbox which you can use to enable/disable it:

+ +

+ +

Watch expressions

+ +

You can add watch expressions in the right pane. They will be evaluated when code execution is paused:

+ +

+ +

Variable tooltip

+ +

Hover on a variable show a tooltip with its value inside:

+ +

+ +

Call stack

+ +

When the debugger's paused, you'll see a call stack:

+ +

Each level of the call stack gets a line, with the name of the function and the filename and line number. Clicking the line opens that source in the source pane.

+ +

Right-clicking in the call stack pane opens a context menu with the following items:

+ + + +

ขอบเขต

+ +

คุณจะเห็นป้ายชื่อ "ขอบ" พร้อมลูกศรซ่อนอยู่หลังป้ายชื่อตัวละครที่ซ่อนอยู่ในตอนท้ายของโปรแกรม:

+ +

ภาชนะที่ถูกจัดเรียงตามขอบ: ส่วนใหญ่จะขึ้นก่อนหน้านี้และวงกลมใหญ่ทั่วโลก

diff --git a/files/th/tools/eyedropper/index.html b/files/th/tools/eyedropper/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0c7192993a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/tools/eyedropper/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +--- +title: Eyedropper +slug: Tools/Eyedropper +translation_of: Tools/Eyedropper +--- +
+

Eyedropper ใหม่ใน Firefox 31

+
+ +

เครื่องมือ Eyedropper ช่วยให้คุณสามารถเลือกสีที่มีในหน้าปัจจุบัน มันทำงานเหมือนแว่นขยายทั่วหน้าช่วยให้คุณสามารถเลือกที่มีความแม่นยำพิกเซล ภายใต้แว่นขยายจะแสดงค่าสีสำหรับพิกเซลปัจจุบันโดยใช้รูปแบบใดก็ตามที่คุณได้เลือกไว้ในการตั้งค่า :

+ +

คุณสามารถใช้มันในหนึ่งในสองวิธี:

+ + + +

คัดลอกสีไปยังคลิปบอร์ด

+ +

เปิด Eyedropper ในหนึ่งในสองวิธี:

+ + + +

ขณะที่คุณเลื่อนเมาส์ไปรอบ ๆ หน้าคุณจะเห็นค่าสีในปัจจุบันในการเปลี่ยนแปลง Eyedropper คลิกสำเนาค่าสีในปัจจุบันไปยังคลิปบอร์ด

+ +

{{EmbedYouTube ("xf2uk6UyRB8")}}

+ +

การเปลี่ยนค่าสีในมุมมองกฎ

+ +

ค่าสีที่ปรากฏในกฎของสารวัตรดูมีตัวอย่างสีไปให้พวกเขา: คลิกตัวอย่างที่แสดงให้เห็นป๊อปอัพตัวเลือกสี จาก Firefox 31 ป๊อปอัพที่มีไอคอน Eyedropper: คลิกที่ไอคอนนี้เพื่อเปิดใช้ Eyedropper

+ +

ตอนนี้เมื่อคุณคลิก Eyedropper สีในมุมมองกฎที่ถูกกำหนดให้เป็นสีที่คุณเลือก

+ +

{{EmbedYouTube ("0Zx1TN21QOo")}}

+ +

แป้นพิมพ์ลัด

+ +

{{Page ("en-US/docs/tools/Keyboard_shortcuts", "Eyedropper")}}

diff --git a/files/th/tools/index.html b/files/th/tools/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..376632a8b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/tools/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,218 @@ +--- +title: เครื่องมือสำหรับนักพัฒนา Firefox +slug: Tools +tags: + - Developing Mozilla + - NeedsMarkupWork + - NeedsTechnicalReview + - NeedsTranslation + - Tools + - TopicStub + - Web Development + - 'Web Development:Tools' +translation_of: Tools +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

Examine, edit, and debug HTML, CSS, and JavaScript on the desktop and on mobile.

+ +

If you are looking for information on using the web developer tools available in Firefox, you've come to the right place — this page provides links to detailed information on all of the core tools and additional tools, and further information such as how to connect to and debug Firefox for Android, how to extend the devtools, and how to debug the browser as a whole.

+ +

Please explore the links found in the sidebar, and further down the page. If you have any feedback or questions about the devtools, send us messages on our mailing list or IRC channel (see the community links near the bottom of the page). If you have any feedback or questions specifically about the documentation, the MDN discourse is a good place to post.

+ +
+

Note: If you are just getting started with web development and using developer tools, our learning web development docs will help you — see Getting started with the Web and What are browser developer tools? for good starting points.

+
+ +

The Core Tools

+ +

You can open the Firefox Developer Tools from the menu by selecting Tools > Web Developer > Toggle Tools or use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Shift + I or F12 on Windows and Linux, or Cmd + Opt + I on macOS.

+ +

The ellipsis menu on the right-hand side of Developer Tools, contains several commands that let you perform actions or change tool settings.

+ +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
This button only appears when there are multiple iframes on a page. Click it to display a list of the iframes on the current page and select the one with which you want to work.
Click this button to take a screenshot of the current page. (Note: This feature is not turned on by default and must be enabled in settings before the icon will appear.)
Toggles Responsive Design Mode.
Opens the menu that includes docking options, the ability to show or hide the split console, and Developer Tools settings. The menu also includes links to the documentation for Firefox Web Tools and the Mozilla Community.
Closes the Developer Tools
+ +
+
+

Page Inspector

+ +

The all-new Inspector panel in Firefox 57.

+ +

View and edit page content and layout. Visualise many aspects of the page including the box model, animations, and grid layouts.

+
+ +
+

Web Console

+ +

The all-new Console in Firefox 57.

+ +

See messages logged by a web page and interact with the page using JavaScript.

+
+
+ +
+
+

JavaScript Debugger

+ +

The all-new Firefox 57 Debugger.html

+ +

Stop, step through, examine, and modify the JavaScript running in a page.

+
+ +
+

Network Monitor

+ +

The Network panel in Firefox 57 DevTools.

+ +

See the network requests made when a page is loaded.

+
+
+ +
+
+

Performance Tools

+ +

Performance Tools in Firefox 57 Developer Tools

+ +

Analyze your site's general responsiveness, JavaScript, and layout performance.

+
+ +
+

Responsive Design Mode

+ +

Responsive Design mode in Firefox 57.

+ +

See how your website or app will look and behave on different devices and network types.

+
+
+ +
+
+

Accessibility inspector

+ +

Performance Tools in Firefox 57 Developer Tools

+ +

Provides a means to access the page's accessibility tree, allowing you to check what's missing or otherwise needs attention.

+
+ +
+
+ +
+

Note: The collective term for the UI inside which the DevTools all live is the Toolbox.

+
+ +

More Tools

+ +

These developer tools are also built into Firefox. Unlike the "Core Tools" above, you might not use them every day.

+ +
+
+
Memory
+
Figure out which objects are keeping memory in use.
+
Storage Inspector
+
Inspect cookies, local storage, indexedDB, and session storage present in a page.
+
DOM Property Viewer
+
Inspect the page's DOM properties, functions, etc.
+
Eyedropper
+
Select a color from the page.
+
Scratchpad
+
A text editor built into Firefox that lets you write and execute JavaScript.
+
Style Editor
+
View and edit CSS styles for the current page.
+
Taking screenshots
+
Take a screenshot of the entire page or of a single element.
+
Measure a portion of the page
+
Measure a specific area of a web page.
+
Rulers
+
Overlay horizontal and vertical rulers on a web page
+
+
+ +
+
+

+ +

For the latest developer tools and features, try Firefox Developer Edition.

+ +

Download Firefox Developer Edition

+
+ +
+
+ +

Connecting the Developer Tools

+ +

If you open the developer tools using keyboard shortcuts or the equivalent menu items, they'll target the document hosted by the currently active tab. But you can attach the tools to a variety of other targets, too, both within the current browser and in different browsers or even different devices.

+ +
+
+
about:debugging
+
Debug add-ons, content tabs, and workers running in the browser.
+
Connecting to Firefox for Android
+
Connect the developer tools to an instance of Firefox running on an Android device.
+
Connecting to iframes
+
Connect the developer tools to a specific iframe in the current page.
+
Connecting to other browsers
+
Connect the developer tools to Chrome on Android and Safari on iOS.
+
+
+ +

Debugging the browser

+ +

By default, the developer tools are attached to a web page or web app. But you can also connect them to the browser as a whole. This is useful for browser and add-on development.

+ +
+
+
Browser Console
+
See messages logged by the browser itself and by add-ons, and run JavaScript code in the browser's scope.
+
Browser Toolbox
+
Attach the Developer Tools to the browser itself.
+
+
+ +

Extending the devtools

+ +

For information on extending the Firefox DevTools, see Extending the developer tools over in the Browser Extensions section of MDN.

+ +

Migrating from Firebug

+ +

Firebug has come to the end of its lifespan (see Firebug lives on in Firefox DevTools for details of why), and we appreciate that some people will find migrating to another less familiar set of DevTools to be challenging. To ease a transition from Firebug to the Firefox developer tools, we have written a handy guide — Migrating from Firebug.

+ +

Contribute

+ +

If you want to help improve the developer tools, these resources will get you started.

+ +
+
+
Get Involved
+
Our developer documentation explains how to get involved.
+
bugs.firefox-dev.tools
+
A tool helping to find bugs to work on.
+
+
diff --git a/files/th/tools/webide/index.html b/files/th/tools/webide/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..13acbd9330 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/tools/webide/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +--- +title: WebIDE +slug: Tools/WebIDE +tags: + - Apps + - B2G + - Debugging + - Firefox OS + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - WebIDE + - tool +translation_of: Archive/WebIDE +--- +
+

WebIDE ช่วยให้คุณสามารถสร้าง, แก้ไข, ทำงานและการแก้ปัญหาแอพพลิเคชั่นเว็บ โดยใช้ Firefox OS Simulator หรืออุปกรณ์ Firefox OS จริง

+ +

นอกจากนี้ยังช่วยให้คุณสามารถเชื่อมต่อ Firefox Developer Tools ไปยังเบราว์เซอร์อื่น ๆ รวมทั้ง Firefox สำหรับ Android, Chrome บน Android, และ Safari บน iOS
+ โปรดดู หน้า Remote Debugging สำหรับคำแนะนำเกี่ยวกับวิธีการเชื่อมต่อกับเบราว์เซอร์ที่เฉพาะเจาะจง

+
+ +

With WebIDE, you first set up one or more runtimes. A runtime is an environment in which you'll run and debug the app. A runtime could be a Firefox OS device connected to the desktop over USB (or over Wi-Fi since Firefox 39), or it could be a Firefox OS Simulator installed on the desktop itself.

+ +

Next, you create an app, or open an existing app. If you're creating a new app you can start with a template that includes the directory structure and the minimum boilerplate you need to get started, or a more complete template that shows how to use a privileged API. WebIDE shows your app's files in a tree, and you can edit and save them using a built-in source editor. Of course, you don't have to use the built-in editor: you can develop your app entirely outside WebIDE, and only use it for debugging.

+ +

Finally, you can install the app in one of the runtimes and run it. You can then open the usual suite of developer tools - the Inspector, Console, JavaScript Debugger and so on - to examine and modify the running app.

+ +
+
+
การเปิด WebIDE
+
วิธีการเปิด WebIDE จากภายใน Firefox
+
การตั้งค่ารันไทม์
+
วิธีการเชื่อมต่อกับรันไทม์ในที่ที่คุณสามารถติดตั้งแอพพลิเคชั่นรวมทั้งอุปกรณ์ Firefox OS, Firefox OS Simulator, และ Firefox สำหรับ Android
+
การสร้างและการแก้ไขแอพพลิเคชั่น
+
วิธีการ สร้าง เปิด และพัฒนาแอพพลิเคชั่น โดยใช้ WebIDE
+
การทำงานและการแก้จุดบกพร่องแอพพลิเคชั่น
+
วิธีการติดตั้งแอพพลิเคชั่นรันไทม์และแก้ปัญหาโดยใช้ Firefox เครื่องมือสำหรับนักพัฒนา
+
การทำงานร่วมกับคอร์โดวาแอพพลิเคชั่นใน WebIDE
+
จาก Firefox 39, คุณสามารถแก้ไขและการแก้ปัญหาคอร์โดวาแอพพลิเคชั่นที่ใช้ WebIDE
+
การแก้ไขปัญหา
+
ความช่วยเหลือสำหรับปัญหาเกี่ยวกับ WebIDE โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งปัญหาการเชื่อมต่อกับรันไทม์
+
diff --git a/files/th/tools/webide/troubleshooting/index.html b/files/th/tools/webide/troubleshooting/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d6dd5fd51c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/tools/webide/troubleshooting/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ +--- +title: การแก้ไขปัญหา WebIDE +slug: Tools/WebIDE/Troubleshooting +translation_of: Archive/WebIDE/Troubleshooting +--- +

การเชื่อมต่ออุปกรณ์ Firefox OS ผ่าน USB

+ +

ถ้าคุณกำลังพยายามที่จะเชื่อมต่ออุปกรณ์ Firefox OS เพื่อ WebIDE และ มันไม่แสดงขึ้น นี่คือบางสิ่งที่คุณสามารถลองทำ:

+ + + +

การเชื่อมต่ออุปกรณ์ Firefox OS ผ่าน Wi-Fi

+ + + +

การเชื่อมต่อกับ Firefox สำหรับ Android

+ +

หากคุณกำลังพยายามเชื่อมต่อกับอินสแตนซ์ Firefox ที่รันบน Android OS และไม่ปรากฏขึ้นคุณสามารถลองทำสิ่งต่างๆต่อไปนี้:

+ + + +

การเชื่อมต่อกับเบราว์เซอร์อื่น ๆ (Chrome, Safari)

+ +

WebIDE ใช้Valence (ก่อนหน้านี้คือ Firefox Tools Adapter)เพื่อเข้าถึงเบราว์เซอร์อื่นเช่น Chrome และ Safari 

+ +

หากคุณกำลังมีปัญหาในการเชื่อมต่อกับเบราว์เซอร์อื่น ๆ เหล่านี้ให้ตรวจสอบขั้นตอนการติดตั้งและบันทึกอื่น ๆ สำหรับเบราว์เซอร์ผู้ที่อยู่ในหน้า Valence

+ +

ไม่สามารถแก้ปัญหาบางแอพพลิเคชั่น(debug)

+ +

หากคุณพบว่าคุณไม่สามารถแก้ปัญหาแอปพลิเคชันที่ได้รับการรับรองแอปที่ติดตั้งหรือแอปที่ติดตั้งไว้ในอุปกรณ์จริงแล้วคุณอาจกำลังดูนโยบายด้านความปลอดภัยที่มีสิทธิ์ จำกัด ของ WebIDE หากต้องการข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมโปรดดูที่ส่วนที่เกี่ยวกับการแก้จุดบกพร่องไม่ จำกัด แอป (รวมถึงแอพพลิเคได้รับการรับรองกระบวนการหลัก ฯลฯ )

+ +

ไม่สามารถโหลดรายชื่อโครงการ

+ +

หากคุณเปิด WebIDE ใน Firefox เวอร์ชันใดเวอร์ชันหนึ่งแล้วปรับลดรุ่นเป็น Firefox เวอร์ชันก่อนหน้าด้วยโปรไฟล์เดียวกันคุณอาจเห็นข้อผิดพลาด "Unable to load project list" เมื่อเปิด WebIDE ในเวอร์ชัน Firefox ก่อนหน้านี้

+ +

ซึ่งอาจเกิดขึ้นได้เมื่อระบบจัดเก็บข้อมูลที่ WebIDE ใช้ ( IndexedDB ) จำเป็นต้องย้ายหรือปรับโครงสร้างไฟล์ภายในสำหรับเวอร์ชัน Firefox รุ่นใหม่ รายการโครงการจะกลายเป็นเวอร์ชันล่าสุดของ Firefox ที่ไม่สามารถเข้าถึงได้

+ +

ไม่มีข้อมูลสูญหาย แต่คุณจะต้องใช้ Firefox รุ่นล่าสุดที่ใช้กับโปรไฟล์ของคุณเพื่อรับรายชื่อโครงการ

+ +

ถ้าคุณต้องการใช้ Firefox เวอร์ชันเก่ากว่านี้คุณสามารถลองลบรายการโครงการตามวิธีการต่อไปนี้ได้ แต่นี่ไม่ได้รับการสนับสนุนและอาจส่งผลต่อปัญหาหรือการสูญหายของข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม:

+ +
    +
  1. ปิด Firefox
    2. +
  2. ค้นหาไดเรกทอรีโปรไฟล์ Firefox ของคุณ
    3. +
  3. ค้นหาstorageโฟลเดอร์ภายในไดเร็กทอรีโปรไฟล์
    4. +
  4. ภายใต้บางส่วนของต้นไม้แฟ้มนี้ควรมีไฟล์และ / หรือไดเรกทอรีที่ขึ้นต้นด้วย4268914080AsptpcPerjo(ชื่อที่ถูกแฮชของฐานข้อมูล)
    5. +
  5. ลบไฟล์และไดเรกทอรีดังกล่าวออก
    6. +
  6. เริ่ม Firefox และ WebIDE อีกครั้ง
    7. +
+ +

เปิดใช้งานการเข้าสู่ระบบ

+ +

นอกจากนี้คุณยังสามารถเปิดใช้งานการบันทึกข้อมูลแบบ verbose เพื่อรวบรวมการวินิจฉัย:

+ +
    +
  1. เปิดabout: configและเพิ่มการตั้งค่าใหม่ที่เรียกว่าextensions.adbhelper@mozilla.org.sdk.console.logLevelมีค่าสตริงallและการตั้งค่าไปextensions.adbhelper@mozilla.org.debugtrue
    2. +
  2. ในAdd-on Managerให้ปิดใช้งานและเปิดใช้งานAdd-onของ ADB Helper ใหม่
    3. +
  3. เปิดเบราว์เซอร์คอนโซลadbและตอนนี้คุณจะเห็นข้อความที่คอนโซลหน้าด้วย ถ้าข้อความไม่ได้มีความหมายอะไรกับคุณขอความช่วยเหลือ
    4. +
+ +

ต้องการความช่วยเหลือ

+ +

ไปที่ #devtools room on IRC และเราจะพยายามที่จะช่วย

diff --git "a/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\225\340\270\261\340\271\211\340\270\207\340\270\204\340\271\210\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\261\340\270\231\340\271\204\340\270\227\340\270\241\340\271\214/index.html" "b/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\225\340\270\261\340\271\211\340\270\207\340\270\204\340\271\210\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\261\340\270\231\340\271\204\340\270\227\340\270\241\340\271\214/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cbc902734e --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\225\340\270\261\340\271\211\340\270\207\340\270\204\340\271\210\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\261\340\270\231\340\271\204\340\270\227\340\270\241\340\271\214/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ +--- +title: การตั้งค่ารันไทม์ +slug: Tools/WebIDE/การตั้งค่ารันไทม์ +translation_of: Archive/WebIDE/Setting_up_runtimes +--- +

A runtime is an environment in which you'll run and debug the app. A runtime could be a Firefox OS device connected to the desktop over USB, it could be a Firefox OS Simulator installed on the desktop itself, or it could be another instance of Firefox Desktop.

+ +

Under the "Select Runtime" dropdown, runtimes are grouped into four types:

+ +
+
USB DEVICES
+
Firefox OS devices connected over USB. From Firefox 36 this also gets you connected to Firefox for Android over USB.
+
WI-FI DEVICES
+
Firefox OS devices connected over Wi-Fi. New in Firefox 39.
+
SIMULATORS
+
Instances of the Firefox OS Simulator that you've installed.
+
OTHER
+
Remote runtimes to connect WebIDE to an arbitrary host and port. If you have the Valence add-on installed, this section will also list the additional runtimes it enables.
+
+ +

The rest of this section describes how you can add some runtimes.

+ +

การเชื่อมต่ออุปกรณ์ Firefox OS

+ +

If you have a sufficiently recent version of Firefox and Firefox OS, you can connect the Firefox OS device over WiFi. Otherwise, you must connect over USB.

+ +

การเชื่อมต่อผ่าน USB

+ +

Before you can connect a Firefox OS device, there's some setup you have to go through:

+ + + +
+

เฉพาะ Linux:

+ + +
+ +
+

เฉพาะ Windows:

+ + +
+ +

If there are any other Android devices connected to your computer, disconnect them. Now connect the device to the computer using USB. You should see the device appear under "USB DEVICES":

+ +

+ +

If you don't see your device, see the Troubleshooting page.

+ +

การเชื่อมต่อผ่าน WiFi

+ +

To connect over WiFi, you need:

+ + + +

This doesn't use ADB at all, and is therefore likely to be more reliable than the USB method.

+ +

Enable WiFi debugging

+ +

First, enable WiFi debugging on the Firefox OS device.

+ +
    +
  1. Open Developer Settings on the device (Settings -> Developer)
    2. +
  2. Check "DevTools via Wi-Fi"
    3. +
  3. Edit the device name if desired
    4. +
+ +

+ +

Select the device

+ +

In WebIDE, click the "Select Runtime" menu. You should see a section labeled "Wi-Fi Devices", and your device should appear under it:

+ +

Select your device.

+ +

Authenticate

+ +

Next, in the WebIDE you'll see a prompt with a QR code:

+ +

On the device, you'll see a connection prompt giving you options to "Scan" or "Scan and Remember". Choose one of the options and scan the QR code. Now WebIDE should connect to the device, and the device icon next to "Select Runtime" should turn blue to indicate this.

+ +

The QR code scanner can be a bit frustrating at the moment, as real devices appear to capture a very low resolution picture. Bug 1145772 aims to improve this soon. If you have trouble with this, try scanning with a few different orientations.

+ +

If you chose "Scan and Remember, then you won't have to scan the code again the next time you connect your computer to this device.

+ +

การเชื่อมต่อกับ Firefox สำหรับ Android

+ +

From Firefox 36 onwards Android devices connected over USB and running Firefox for Android appear as a runtime under "USB devices". See the article on connecting to Firefox for Android from WebIDE.

+ +

Before Firefox 36, you can connect to Firefox for Android without using WebIDE at all, or can use WebIDE by setting up a custom remote runtime.

+ +

Adding a Simulator

+ +

The Firefox OS Simulator is a version of the higher layers of Firefox OS that simulates a Firefox OS device, but runs on the desktop. It runs in a window the same size as a Firefox OS device, includes the Firefox OS user interface and built-in apps, and simulates many of the Firefox OS device APIs.

+ +

This means that in many cases, you don't need a real device to test and debug your app.

+ +

The Simulator doesn't ship inside Firefox but as a Firefox add-on. If you click "Install Simulator" in the Runtimes dropdown menu, you will go to a page from which you can install Simulators for various versions of Firefox OS.

+ +

You can install as many as you like. Be patient, though: the Simulator may take a few minutes to download. Once you've installed some Simulators you can close this "Extra Components" window, and the Simulators you've installed appear as options in the Runtimes dropdown menu:

+ +

To learn more about the Simulator, see its documentation page.

+ +

Other runtimes

+ +

Remote runtime

+ +

With a remote runtime you can use an arbitrary hostname and port to connect to the remote device.

+ +

Under the hood, Firefox OS devices and Android devices connect to the desktop using a program called the Android Debug Bridge, or ADB. By default, WebIDE uses an add-on called the ADB Helper: this simplifies the process for you by installing ADB and setting up port forwarding so the Firefox desktop tools can exchange messages with the device.

+ +

This is convenient in most cases, but sometimes you might want to use ADB outside of WebIDE: for example, you might be running ADB directly from the command line. In that case you'll connect to the device by specifying a host and port using the adb forward command (example: adb forward tcp:6000 localfilesystem:/data/local/debugger-socket).
+
+ If you then want to use WebIDE to connect as well, you should disable the ADB Helper add-on and connect WebIDE using the Custom runtime option, entering the host and port that you passed to adb forward (example: localhost:6000).

+ +

Also, before Firefox 36, the ADB Helper does not yet support connecting to Firefox for Android, so if you want to connect WebIDE to Firefox for Android, you'll need to set up your own port forwarding and use a custom runtime. See more about connecting to Firefox for Android using ADB prior to Firefox 36.

+ +

Valence-enabled runtimes

+ +

If you have the Valence add-on installed, you'll see three additional runtimes:

+ + + +

For instructions on how to connect to these runtimes, see the relevant entry in the Remote Debugging page.

+ +

Selecting a runtime

+ +

Once you've set up a runtime you can select it using the "Select Runtime" menu.

+ + + +

Now the "play" button in the center of the WebIDE toolbar is enabled: click it to install and run the app in the selected runtime.

diff --git "a/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\227\340\271\215\340\270\262\340\270\207\340\270\262\340\270\231\340\270\243\340\271\210\340\270\247\340\270\241\340\270\201\340\270\261\340\270\232\340\270\204\340\270\255\340\270\243\340\271\214\340\271\202\340\270\224\340\270\247\340\270\262\340\271\201\340\270\255\340\270\236\340\270\236\340\270\245\340\270\264\340\271\200\340\270\204\340\270\212\340\270\261\340\271\210\340\270\231\340\271\203\340\270\231_webide/index.html" "b/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\227\340\271\215\340\270\262\340\270\207\340\270\262\340\270\231\340\270\243\340\271\210\340\270\247\340\270\241\340\270\201\340\270\261\340\270\232\340\270\204\340\270\255\340\270\243\340\271\214\340\271\202\340\270\224\340\270\247\340\270\262\340\271\201\340\270\255\340\270\236\340\270\236\340\270\245\340\270\264\340\271\200\340\270\204\340\270\212\340\270\261\340\271\210\340\270\231\340\271\203\340\270\231_webide/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a4b5dbc4bc --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\270\227\340\271\215\340\270\262\340\270\207\340\270\262\340\270\231\340\270\243\340\271\210\340\270\247\340\270\241\340\270\201\340\270\261\340\270\232\340\270\204\340\270\255\340\270\243\340\271\214\340\271\202\340\270\224\340\270\247\340\270\262\340\271\201\340\270\255\340\270\236\340\270\236\340\270\245\340\270\264\340\271\200\340\270\204\340\270\212\340\270\261\340\271\210\340\270\231\340\271\203\340\270\231_webide/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +--- +title: การทำงานร่วมกับคอร์โดวาแอพพลิเคชั่นใน WebIDE +slug: Tools/WebIDE/การทํางานร่วมกับคอร์โดวาแอพพลิเคชั่นใน_WebIDE +translation_of: Archive/WebIDE/Working_with_Cordova_apps_in_WebIDE +--- +
+

New in Firefox 39.

+
+ +

Apache Cordova ช่วยให้คุณสามารถเขียนแอพพลิเคชั่นโดยใช้ HTML, JavaScript และ CSS และแล้วสร้างรุ่นพื้นเมืองของมันสำหรับแพลตฟอร์มโทรศัพท์มือถือเช่น iOS และ Android
+ โดยคอร์โดวา คุณยังสามารถสร้างรุ่น app ของคุณสำหรับ Firefox OS

+ +

From Firefox 39 onwards, WebIDE directly supports Cordova apps: this means that  you can edit Cordova apps in WebIDE, and WebIDE takes care of generating the Firefox OS version for you.

+ +

First, create a Cordova app, as you normally would:

+ + + + + + + +

Next:

+ + + +

Now you can edit the app as a Cordova app, and whenever you run the app, WebIDE takes care of generating the Firefox OS version behind the scenes. WebIDE also regenerates the Firefox OS version whenever you make any changes that would affect your app's manifest, so it can perform manifest validation.

diff --git "a/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224_webide/index.html" "b/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224_webide/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..709cde4ece --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/th/tools/webide/\340\270\201\340\270\262\340\270\243\340\271\200\340\270\233\340\270\264\340\270\224_webide/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +--- +title: การเปิด WebIDE +slug: Tools/WebIDE/การเปิด_WebIDE +translation_of: Archive/WebIDE/Opening_WebIDE +--- +

มีสามวิธีที่จะเปิด WebIDE ได้แก่:

+ + + +

+ +

นี่คือสิ่งที่ดูเหมือน WebIDE:The dropdown on the left labeled Open App lets you open existing apps or create new ones. The dropdown on the right labeled Select Runtime lets you select a runtime or set up a new runtime.

+ +

The buttons in the middle run, stop, and debug the app: they are only enabled when you have opened an app and selected a runtime.

+ +

You can change the font size throughout WebIDE using the standard keyboard shortcuts (use Command instead of Control on OS X):

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/bluetooth/index.html b/files/th/web/api/bluetooth/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..74a1f52188 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/bluetooth/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +--- +title: Bluetooth +slug: Web/API/Bluetooth +tags: + - API + - Bluetooth + - Experimental + - Interface + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub + - Web Bluetooth API +translation_of: Web/API/Bluetooth +--- +

{{APIRef("Bluetooth API")}}{{securecontext_header}}{{SeeCompatTable}}

+ +

The Bluetooth interface of the Web Bluetooth API returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} to a {{domxref("BluetoothDevice")}} object with the specified options.

+ +

Interface

+ +
interface Bluetooth : EventTarget {
+  [SecureContext] Promise<boolean> getAvailability();
+  [SecureContext] attribute EventHandler onavailabilitychanged;
+  [SecureContext, SameObject] readonly attribute BluetoothDevice? referringDevice;
+  [SecureContext] Promise<BluetoothDevice> requestDevice(optional RequestDeviceOptions options);
+};
+Bluetooth implements BluetoothDeviceEventHandlers;
+Bluetooth implements CharacteristicEventHandlers;
+Bluetooth implements ServiceEventHandlers;
+ +

Properties

+ +

Inherits properties from its parent {{domxref("EventTarget")}}.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Bluetooth.referringDevice")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns a reference to the device, if any, from which the user opened the current page. For example, an Eddystone beacon might advertise a URL, which the user agent allows the user to open. A BluetoothDevice representing the beacon would be available through navigator.bluetooth.referringDevice.
+
+ +

Events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Bluetooth.onavailabilitychanged")}}
+
An event handler that runs when an event of type {{event("availabilitychanged")}} has fired.
+
+ +

Methods

+ +
+
{{domxref("Bluetooth.getAvailability()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} that resolved to a {{jsxref("Boolean")}} indicating whether the user-agent has the ability to support Bluetooth. Some user-agents let the user configure an option that affects what is returned by this value. If this option is set, that is the value returned by this method.
+
{{domxref("Bluetooth.requestDevice()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} to a {{domxref("BluetoothDevice")}} object with the specified options.
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('Web Bluetooth', '#bluetooth', 'Bluetooth')}}{{Spec2('Web Bluetooth')}}Initial definition.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +

{{Compat("api.Bluetooth")}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/api/bluetooth/onavailabilitychanged/index.html b/files/th/web/api/bluetooth/onavailabilitychanged/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..74e6881ee0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/bluetooth/onavailabilitychanged/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +--- +title: Bluetooth.onavailabilitychanged +slug: Web/API/Bluetooth/onavailabilitychanged +translation_of: Web/API/Bluetooth/onavailabilitychanged +--- +

{{APIRef("Bluetooth API")}}{{securecontext_header}}{{SeeCompatTable}}

+ +

The onavailabilitychanged property of the {{DOMxRef("Bluetooth")}} interface is an {{DOMxRef("EventHandler")}} that processes availabilitychanged events that fire when the Bluetooth system as a whole becomes available or unavailable to the {{Glossary("User Agent")}}.

+ +

Syntax

+ +
Bluetooth.onavailabilitychanged = functionRef;
+
+ +

Value

+ +

functionRef is the handler function to be called when the Bluetooth availabilitychanged event fires.

+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName("Web Bluetooth", "#bluetooth", "Bluetooth")}}{{Spec2("Web Bluetooth")}}Initial definition.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +

{{compat ( "api.Bluetooth.onavailabilitychanged")}}

+ +

ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/cachestorage/index.html b/files/th/web/api/cachestorage/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1debf49bb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/cachestorage/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ +--- +title: CacheStorage +slug: Web/API/CacheStorage +translation_of: Web/API/CacheStorage +--- +

{{APIRef ("Service Workers API")}}

+ +

CacheStorageอินเตอร์เฟซที่แสดงให้เห็นถึงการจัดเก็บข้อมูลสำหรับ {{domxref ( "แคช")}} วัตถุ

+ +

อินเทอร์เฟซ:

+ + + +

ใช้ {{domxref ("CacheStorage.open ()")}} เพื่อรับอินสแตนซ์ {{domxref ("Cache")}}

+ +

Use {{domxref("CacheStorage.match()")}} to check if a given {{domxref("Request")}} is a key in any of the {{domxref("Cache")}} objects that the CacheStorage object tracks.

+ +

You can access CacheStorage through the global {{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.caches", "caches")}} property.

+ +
Note: CacheStorage always rejects with a SecurityError on untrusted origins (i.e. those that aren't using HTTPS, although this definition will likely become more complex in the future.) When testing, you can get around this by checking the "Enable Service Workers over HTTP (when toolbox is open)" option in the Firefox Devtools options/gear menu.
+ +
Note: {{domxref("CacheStorage.match()")}} is a convenience method. Equivalent functionality to match a cache entry can be implemented by returning an array of cache names from {{domxref("CacheStorage.keys()")}}, opening each cache with {{domxref("CacheStorage.open()")}}, and matching the one you want with {{domxref("Cache.match()")}}.
+ +

Methods

+ +
+
{{domxref("CacheStorage.match()")}}
+
Checks if a given {{domxref("Request")}} is a key in any of the {{domxref("Cache")}} objects that the {{domxref("CacheStorage")}} object tracks, and returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} that resolves to that match.
+
{{domxref("CacheStorage.has()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} that resolves to true if a {{domxref("Cache")}} object matching the cacheName exists.
+
{{domxref("CacheStorage.open()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} that resolves to the {{domxref("Cache")}} object matching the cacheName (a new cache is created if it doesn't already exist.)
+
{{domxref("CacheStorage.delete()")}}
+
Finds the {{domxref("Cache")}} object matching the cacheName, and if found, deletes the {{domxref("Cache")}} object and returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} that resolves to true. If no {{domxref("Cache")}} object is found, it resolves to false.
+
{{domxref("CacheStorage.keys()")}}
+
Returns a {{jsxref("Promise")}} that will resolve with an array containing strings corresponding to all of the named {{domxref("Cache")}} objects tracked by the {{domxref("CacheStorage")}}. Use this method to iterate over a list of all the {{domxref("Cache")}} objects.
+
+ +

Examples

+ +

This code snippet is from the MDN sw-test example (see sw-test running live.) This service worker script waits for an {{domxref("InstallEvent")}} to fire, then runs {{domxref("ExtendableEvent.waitUntil","waitUntil")}} to handle the install process for the app. This consists of calling {{domxref("CacheStorage.open")}} to create a new cache, then using {{domxref("Cache.addAll")}} to add a series of assets to it.

+ +

In the second code block, we wait for a {{domxref("FetchEvent")}} to fire. We construct a custom response like so:

+ +
    +
  1. Check whether a match for the request is found in the CacheStorage. If so, serve that.
    2. +
  2. If not, fetch the request from the network, then also open the cache created in the first block and add a clone of the request to it using {{domxref("Cache.put")}} (cache.put(event.request, response.clone()).)
    3. +
  3. If this fails (e.g. because the network is down), return a fallback response.
    4. +
+ +

Finally, return whatever the custom response ended up being equal to, using {{domxref("FetchEvent.respondWith")}}.

+ +
self.addEventListener('install', function(event) {
+  event.waitUntil(
+    caches.open('v1').then(function(cache) {
+      return cache.addAll([
+        '/sw-test/',
+        '/sw-test/index.html',
+        '/sw-test/style.css',
+        '/sw-test/app.js',
+        '/sw-test/image-list.js',
+        '/sw-test/star-wars-logo.jpg',
+        '/sw-test/gallery/bountyHunters.jpg',
+        '/sw-test/gallery/myLittleVader.jpg',
+        '/sw-test/gallery/snowTroopers.jpg'
+      ]);
+    })
+  );
+});
+
+self.addEventListener('fetch', function(event) {
+  event.respondWith(caches.match(event.request).then(function(response) {
+    // caches.match() always resolves
+    // but in case of success response will have value
+    if (response !== undefined) {
+      return response;
+    } else {
+      return fetch(event.request).then(function (response) {
+        // response may be used only once
+        // we need to save clone to put one copy in cache
+        // and serve second one
+        let responseClone = response.clone();
+
+        caches.open('v1').then(function (cache) {
+          cache.put(event.request, responseClone);
+        });
+        return response;
+      }).catch(function () {
+        return caches.match('/sw-test/gallery/myLittleVader.jpg');
+      });
+    }
+  }));
+});
+
+ +

This snippet shows how the API can be used outside of a service worker context, and uses the await operator for much more readable code.

+ +
// Try to get data from the cache, but fall back to fetching it live.
+async function getData() {
+   const cacheVersion = 1;
+   const cacheName    = `myapp-${ cacheVersion }`;
+   const url          = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1';
+   let cachedData     = await getCachedData( cacheName, url );
+
+   if ( cachedData ) {
+      console.log( 'Retrieved cached data' );
+      return cachedData;
+   }
+
+   console.log( 'Fetching fresh data' );
+
+   const cacheStorage = await caches.open( cacheName );
+   await cacheStorage.add( url );
+   cachedData = await getCachedData( cacheName, url );
+   await deleteOldCaches( cacheName );
+
+   return cachedData;
+}
+
+// Get data from the cache.
+async function getCachedData( cacheName, url ) {
+   const cacheStorage   = await caches.open( cacheName );
+   const cachedResponse = await cacheStorage.match( url );
+
+   if ( ! cachedResponse || ! cachedResponse.ok ) {
+      return false;
+   }
+
+   return await cachedResponse.json();
+}
+
+// Delete any old caches to respect user's disk space.
+async function deleteOldCaches( currentCache ) {
+   const keys = await caches.keys();
+
+   for ( const key of keys ) {
+      const isOurCache = 'myapp-' === key.substr (0, 6);
+
+      ถ้า (currentCache === คีย์ ||! isOurCache) {
+         ดำเนินการต่อ;
+      }
+
+      caches.delete (คีย์);
+   }
+}
+
+ลอง {
+   const data = รอ getData ();
+   console.log ({data});
+} catch (error) {
+   console.error ({error});
+}
+ +

ข้อมูลจำเพาะ

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ข้อมูลจำเพาะสถานะแสดงความคิดเห็น
{{SpecName ('Service Workers', '#cachestorage', 'CacheStorage')}}{{Spec2 ('พนักงานบริการ')}}นิยามเริ่มต้น
+ +

ความเข้ากันได้ของเบราว์เซอร์

+ + + +

{{คอมแพต ("api.CacheStorage")}}

+ +

ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/geolocation/index.html b/files/th/web/api/geolocation/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..dce3f6b33a --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/geolocation/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +--- +title: Geolocation +slug: Web/API/Geolocation +tags: + - API + - Advanced + - Geolocation API + - Interface + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - Secure context + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/API/Geolocation +--- +
{{securecontext_header}}{{APIRef("Geolocation API")}}
+ +

The Geolocation interface represents an object able to programmatically obtain the position of the device. It gives Web content access to the location of the device. This allows a Web site or app to offer customized results based on the user's location.

+ +

An object with this interface is obtained using the {{domxref("navigator.geolocation")}} property implemented by the {{domxref("Navigator")}} object.

+ +
+

Note: For security reasons, when a web page tries to access location information, the user is notified and asked to grant permission. Be aware that each browser has its own policies and methods for requesting this permission.

+
+ +

Properties

+ +

The Geolocation interface neither implements, nor inherits any property.

+ +

Methods

+ +

The Geolocation interface doesn't inherit any method.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Geolocation.getCurrentPosition()")}} {{securecontext_inline}}
+
Determines the device's current location and gives back a {{domxref("Position")}} object with the data.
+
{{domxref("Geolocation.watchPosition()")}} {{securecontext_inline}}
+
Returns a long value representing the newly established callback function to be invoked whenever the device location changes.
+
{{domxref("Geolocation.clearWatch()")}} {{securecontext_inline}}
+
Removes the particular handler previously installed using watchPosition().
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('Geolocation')}}{{Spec2('Geolocation')}}Initial specification.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ +

{{ CompatibilityTable() }}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari
Basic support5{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9.1")}}910.60
+ Removed in 15.0
+ Reintroduced in 16.0		5
Secure context-only47{{CompatUnknown()}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("55")}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidChrome for AndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
Basic support{{CompatUnknown()}}{{CompatUnknown()}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("4")}}{{CompatUnknown()}}10.60{{CompatUnknown()}}
Secure context-only{{CompatNo}}47{{CompatUnknown()}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("55")}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/geolocation_api/index.html b/files/th/web/api/geolocation_api/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..91ae57a2e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/geolocation_api/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ +--- +title: Geolocation API +slug: Web/API/Geolocation_API +translation_of: Web/API/Geolocation_API +--- +
{{securecontext_header}}{{DefaultAPISidebar("Geolocation API")}}
+ +

Geolocation APIจะช่วยให้ผู้ใช้สามารถใช้งานเว็บไซต์ได้หากพวกเขาต้องการที่จะใช้เหตุผลในการรายงานข้อมูลตำแหน่ง

+ +

Web ส่วนขยายที่ต้องการใช้วัตถุ Geolocation ต้องเพิ่ม"geolocation"สิทธิ์ในการแสดงรายการ ระบบปฏิบัติการของผู้ใช้จะแจ้งให้ผู้ใช้อนุญาตการเข้าถึงตำแหน่งในครั้งแรกที่มีการร้องขอ

+ +

แนวคิดและการใช้งาน

+ +

คุณมักจะต้องการดึงข้อมูลตำแหน่งของผู้ใช้ในแอปพลิเคชันเว็บของคุณเช่นเพื่อพล็อตตำแหน่งของพวกเขาบนแผนที่หรือแสดงข้อมูลส่วนตัวที่เกี่ยวข้องกับตำแหน่งของพวกเขา

+ +

Geolocation API เข้าถึงได้ผ่านการเรียก {{domxref("Navigator.geolocation", "navigator.geolocation")}}; สิ่งนี้จะทำให้เบราว์เซอร์ของผู้ใช้ถามเพื่อขออนุญาตเข้าถึงข้อมูลตำแหน่งของพวกเขา หากพวกเขายอมรับเบราว์เซอร์จะใช้ฟังก์ชันการทำงานที่ดีที่สุดบนอุปกรณ์เพื่อเข้าถึงข้อมูลนี้ (ตัวอย่างเช่น GPS)

+ +

นักพัฒนาซอฟต์แวร์สามารถเข้าถึงข้อมูลตำแหน่งนี้ได้สองวิธี:

+ + + +

ในทั้งสองกรณีการเรียกใช้เมธอดใช้เวลาถึงสามอาร์กิวเมนต์:

+ + + +

สำหรับข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับการใช้ Geolocation อ่านใช้ Geolocation API

+ +

อินเตอร์เฟซ

+ +
+
{{domxref("Geolocation")}}
+
คลาสหลักของ API นี้ - ประกอบด้วยวิธีการดึงข้อมูลตำแหน่งปัจจุบันของผู้ใช้เฝ้าดูการเปลี่ยนแปลงตำแหน่งและล้างนาฬิกาที่ตั้งไว้ก่อนหน้านี้
+
{{domxref("GeolocationPosition")}}
+
แสดงตำแหน่งของผู้ใช้ GeolocationPositionอินสแตนซ์ถูกส่งกลับโดยการเรียกร้องที่ประสบความสำเร็จให้เป็นหนึ่งในวิธีการที่มีอยู่ภายใน {{domxref("Geolocation")}} ภายในโทรกลับประสบความสำเร็จและมีการประทับเวลาบวก {{domxref("GeolocationCoordinates")}} ตัวอย่างวัตถุ
+
{{domxref("GeolocationCoordinates")}}
+
แสดงเรียงลำดับของตำแหน่งที่มีการเชื่อมโยงGeolocationCoordinatesและข้อมูลอื่น ๆ ที่สำคัญ
+
{{domxref("GeolocationPositionError")}}
+
A GeolocationPositionErrorถูกส่งคืนโดยการเรียกที่ไม่สำเร็จไปยังหนึ่งในวิธีการที่อยู่ภายใน {{domxref("Geolocation")}}, ภายในการเรียกกลับข้อผิดพลาดและมีรหัสข้อผิดพลาดและข้อความ
+
{{domxref("Navigator.geolocation")}}
+
API เข้าสู่ระบบส่งคืนวัตถุ {{domxref("ตำแหน่งทางภูมิศาสตร์")}}
+
+ +

พจนานุกรม

+ +
+
{{domxref("PositionOptions")}}
+
แสดงให้เห็นถึงเนื้อหาที่มีตัวเลือกที่จะผ่านการเก็บของ {{domxref("Geolocation.getCurrentPosition()")}} และ {{domxref("Geolocation.watchPosition()")}}
+
+ +

ตัวอย่าง

+ +
{{page("/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API/Using_the_Geolocation_API","Examples")}}
+ +

ข้อมูลจำเพาะ

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
สเปคสถานะคิดเห็น
{{SpecName("ตำแหน่งทางภูมิศาสตร์")}}}{{Spec2("ตำแหน่งทางภูมิศาสตร์")}}}
+ +

ความเข้ากันได้ของเบราว์เซอร์

+ +

{{compat("api.Geolocation")}}

+ +

ความพร้อมใช้งาน

+ +

เนื่องจาก Google เป็นผู้ให้บริการระบุตำแหน่งผ่าน WiFi ดังนั้นวานิลลา Geolocation API จึงอาจไม่ด้านใช้งานพนักงานพนักงานได้ในห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัดห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัดออกออกประเทศจีนที่ที่คุณคุณที่คุณคุณอาจจะใช้ที่คุณคุณคุณผู้ให้บริการบุคคลที่สามในห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัดห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัดท้องถิ่นเช่นBaidu , AutoNaviหรือTencent บริการเหล่านี้ที่อยู่ IP ของผู้ใช้และ / หรือระบุตำแหน่งที่ดีขึ้น

+ +

ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/geolocation_api/using_the_geolocation_api/index.html b/files/th/web/api/geolocation_api/using_the_geolocation_api/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3b2984397b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/geolocation_api/using_the_geolocation_api/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ +--- +title: Using the Geolocation API +slug: Web/API/Geolocation_API/Using_the_Geolocation_API +tags: + - Geolocation API + - Guide + - Tutorial +translation_of: Web/API/Geolocation_API/Using_the_Geolocation_API +--- +
{{securecontext_header}}{{DefaultAPISidebar("Geolocation API")}}
+ +

Geolocation API ใช้เพื่อเรียกคืนตำแหน่งของผู้ใช้เพื่อให้สามารถใช้เพื่อแสดงตำแหน่งโดยใช้ API การแมป บทความนี้อธิบายพื้นฐานของวิธีใช้

+ +

วัตถุตำแหน่งทางภูมิศาสตร์

+ +

Geolocation APIสามารถใช้ได้ผ่านทาง {{domxref("navigator.geolocation")}} วัตถุ

+ +

หากวัตถุมีอยู่บริการระบุตำแหน่งทางภูมิศาสตร์จะพร้อมใช้งาน คุณสามารถทดสอบการมีตำแหน่งทางภูมิศาสตร์ได้ดังนี้:

+ +
if('geolocation' in navigator) {
+  /* geolocation is available */
+} else {
+  /* geolocation IS NOT available */
+}
+
+ +

รับตำแหน่งปัจจุบัน

+ +

ในการรับตำแหน่งปัจจุบันของผู้ใช้คุณสามารถเรียกใช้วิธี {{domxref("Geolocation.getCurrentPosition","getCurrentPosition()")}} สิ่งนี้จะเริ่มต้นคำขอแบบอะซิงโครนัสเพื่อตรวจหาตำแหน่งของผู้ใช้และสอบถามฮาร์ดแวร์การจัดตำแหน่งเพื่อรับข้อมูลที่ทันสมัย เมื่อกำหนดตำแหน่งแล้วฟังก์ชันการเรียกกลับที่กำหนดไว้จะถูกดำเนินการ คุณสามารถเลือกที่จะให้ฟังก์ชั่นการติดต่อกลับที่สองที่จะดำเนินการหากเกิดข้อผิดพลาด พารามิเตอร์ตัวที่สามเป็นตัวเลือกคือวัตถุตัวเลือกที่คุณสามารถตั้งค่าอายุสูงสุดของตำแหน่งที่ส่งคืนเวลารอคำขอและถ้าคุณต้องการความแม่นยำสูงสำหรับตำแหน่ง

+ +
+

หมายเหตุ:โดยค่าเริ่มต้น  {{domxref("Geolocation.getCurrentPosition","getCurrentPosition()")}} พยายามตอบเร็วที่สุดเท่าที่จะทำได้ด้วยความแม่นยำต่ำ มันจะมีประโยชน์ถ้าคุณต้องการคำตอบอย่างรวดเร็วโดยไม่คำนึงถึงความถูกต้อง อุปกรณ์ที่มีจีพีเอส, ตัวอย่างเช่นสามารถใช้เวลาเป็นนาทีหรือมากกว่าที่จะได้รับสัญญาณ GPS, ข้อมูลเพื่อความแม่นยำน้อย (ที่ตั้งของทรัพย์สินทางปัญญาหรือ WiFi) getCurrentPosition()อาจจะกลับไป

+
+ +
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition((position) => {
+  doSomething(position.coords.latitude, position.coords.longitude);
+});
+ +

ตัวอย่างด้านบนจะทำให้doSomething()ฟังก์ชันทำงานเมื่อได้รับตำแหน่ง

+ +

ดูตำแหน่งปัจจุบัน

+ +

หากข้อมูลตำแหน่งเปลี่ยนแปลง (โดยการเคลื่อนไหวของอุปกรณ์หรือข้อมูลทางภูมิศาสตร์ที่แม่นยำกว่ามาถึง) คุณสามารถตั้งค่าฟังก์ชั่นการโทรกลับที่ถูกเรียกพร้อมกับข้อมูลตำแหน่งที่อัปเดตนั้น สิ่งนี้ทำได้โดยใช้ฟังก์ชัน {{domxref("Geolocation.watchPosition","watchPosition()")}} ซึ่งมีพารามิเตอร์อินพุตเหมือนกับ {{domxref("Geolocation.getCurrentPosition","getCurrentPosition()")}}. ฟังก์ชั่นการโทรกลับถูกเรียกหลายครั้งทำให้เบราว์เซอร์สามารถอัปเดตตำแหน่งของคุณในขณะที่คุณย้ายหรือให้ตำแหน่งที่แม่นยำยิ่งขึ้นเนื่องจากใช้เทคนิคต่าง ๆ ในการระบุตำแหน่งของคุณ ฟังก์ชั่นการเรียกกลับข้อผิดพลาดซึ่งเป็นตัวเลือกเช่นเดียวกับมันgetCurrentPosition()สามารถเรียกซ้ำ

+ +
+

Note: You can use {{domxref("Geolocation.watchPosition","watchPosition()")}} without an initial {{domxref("Geolocation.getCurrentPosition","getCurrentPosition()")}} call.

+
+ +
const watchID = navigator.geolocation.watchPosition((position) => {
+  doSomething(position.coords.latitude, position.coords.longitude);
+});
+ +

The {{domxref("Geolocation.watchPosition","watchPosition()")}} method returns an ID number that can be used to uniquely identify the requested position watcher; you use this value in tandem with the {{domxref("Geolocation.clearWatch","clearWatch()")}} method to stop watching the user's location.

+ +
navigator.geolocation.clearWatch(watchID);
+
+ +

Fine tuning the response

+ +

Both {{domxref("Geolocation.getCurrentPosition","getCurrentPosition()")}} and {{domxref("Geolocation.watchPosition","watchPosition()")}} accept a success callback, an optional error callback, and an optional {{domxref("PositionOptions")}} object.

+ +

This object allows you to specify whether to enable high accuracy, a maximum age for the returned position value (up until this age it will be cached and reused if the same position is requested again; after this the browser will request fresh position data), and a timeout value that dictates how long the browser should attempt to get the position data for, before it times out.

+ +

A call to {{domxref("Geolocation.watchPosition","watchPosition")}} could look like:

+ +
function success(position) {
+  doSomething(position.coords.latitude, position.coords.longitude);
+}
+
+function error() {
+  alert('Sorry, no position available.');
+}
+
+const options = {
+  enableHighAccuracy: true,
+  maximumAge: 30000,
+  timeout: 27000
+};
+
+const watchID = navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(success, error, options);
+ +

Describing a position

+ +

The user's location is described using a {{domxref("GeolocationPosition")}} object instance, which itself contains a {{domxref("GeolocationCoordinates")}} object instance.

+ +

The GeolocationPosition instance contains only two things, a coords property that contains the GeolocationCoordinates instance, and a timestamp property that contains a {{domxref("DOMTimeStamp")}} instance representing the time at which the position data was retrieved.

+ +

The GeolocationCoordinates instance contains a number of properties, but the two you'll use most commonly are latitude and longitude, which are what you need to draw your position on a map. Hence many Geolocation success callbacks look fairly simple:

+ +
function success(position) {
+  const latitude  = position.coords.latitude;
+  const longitude = position.coords.longitude;
+
+  // Do something with your latitude and longitude
+}
+ +

You can however get a number of other bits of information from a GeolocationCoordinates object, including altitude, speed, what direction the device is facing, and an accuracy measure of the altitude, longitude, and latitude data.

+ +

Handling errors

+ +

The error callback function, if provided when calling getCurrentPosition() or watchPosition(), expects a GeolocationPositionError object instance as its first parameter. This object type contains two properties, a code indicating what type of error has been returned, and a human-readable message that describes what the error code means.

+ +

You could use it like so:

+ +
function errorCallback(error) {
+  alert(`ERROR(${error.code}): ${error.message}`);
+};
+
+ +

Examples

+ +

In the following example the Geolocation API is used to retrieve the user's latitude and longitude. If sucessful, the available hyperlink is populated with an openstreetmap.org URL that will show their location.

+ + + +

HTML

+ +
<button id = "find-me">Show my location</button><br/>
+<p id = "status"></p>
+<a id = "map-link" target="_blank"></a>
+
+ +

JavaScript

+ +
function geoFindMe() {
+
+  const status = document.querySelector('#status');
+  const mapLink = document.querySelector('#map-link');
+
+  mapLink.href = '';
+  mapLink.textContent = '';
+
+  function success(position) {
+    const latitude  = position.coords.latitude;
+    const longitude = position.coords.longitude;
+
+    status.textContent = '';
+    mapLink.href = `https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=18/${latitude}/${longitude}`;
+    mapLink.textContent = `Latitude: ${latitude} °, Longitude: ${longitude} °`;
+  }
+
+  function error() {
+    status.textContent = 'Unable to retrieve your location';
+  }
+
+  if(!navigator.geolocation) {
+    status.textContent = 'Geolocation is not supported by your browser';
+  } else {
+    status.textContent = 'Locating…';
+    navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success, error);
+  }
+
+}
+
+document.querySelector('#find-me').addEventListener('click', geoFindMe);
+
+ +

Result

+ +

{{EmbedLiveSample('Examples', 350, 150)}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/api/history_api/index.html b/files/th/web/api/history_api/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..41493b4654 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/history_api/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,249 @@ +--- +title: Manipulating the browser history +slug: Web/API/History_API +translation_of: Web/API/History_API +--- +

DOM {{domxref ("window")}} ให้การเข้าถึงประวัติของเบราเซอร์ผ่าน {{domxref ("window.history", "history")}} วัตถุ ช่วยให้คุณสามารถเคลื่อนย้ายไปมาได้ตลอดเวลาผ่านประวัติผู้ใช้เช่นเดียวกับ - โดยเริ่มจาก HTML5 - จัดการกับเนื้อหาของสแต็คประวัติ

+ +

การเดินทางผ่านประวัติศาสตร์

+ +

ย้ายไปข้างหน้าและย้อนกลับผ่านทางประวัติศาสตร์ของผู้ใช้จะกระทำโดยใช้back(), forward()และgo() วิธีการ

+ +

ก้าวไปข้างหน้าและข้างหลัง

+ +

หากต้องการย้อนกลับไปในอดีตเพียงแค่ทำ:

+ +
window.history.back ();
+
+ +

วิธีนี้จะทำหน้าที่เหมือนกับผู้ใช้คลิกที่ปุ่มย้อนกลับในแถบเครื่องมือของเบราว์เซอร์

+ +

ในทำนองเดียวกันคุณสามารถก้าวไปข้างหน้า (เหมือนกับว่าผู้ใช้คลิกปุ่มไปข้างหน้า) เช่นนี้:

+ +
window.history.forward ();
+
+ +

การย้ายไปยังจุดที่เฉพาะเจาะจงในประวัติศาสตร์

+ +

คุณสามารถใช้go() วิธีการโหลดหน้าเว็บเฉพาะจากประวัติเซสชันซึ่งระบุโดยตำแหน่งสัมพัทธ์ไปยังหน้าปัจจุบัน (โดยที่หน้าปัจจุบันเป็นดัชนีสัมพัทธ์ 0)

+ +

หากต้องการย้ายกลับหนึ่งหน้า (เทียบเท่ากับการโทรback()):

+ +
window.history.go (-1);
+
+ +

เพื่อเลื่อนหน้าเว็บเช่นเดียวกับการโทรforward():

+ +
window.history.go (1);
+
+ +

ในทำนองเดียวกันคุณสามารถย้ายหน้า 2 หน้าโดยการส่งผ่าน 2 เป็นต้น

+ +

คุณสามารถกำหนดจำนวนหน้าในสแต็คประวัติโดยการดูที่ค่าของคุณสมบัติ length:

+ +
var numberOfEntries = window.history.length;
+
+ +
หมายเหตุ: Internet Explorer สนับสนุนการส่ง URL สตริงเป็นพารามิเตอร์ไปยังgo(); นี้ไม่ได้มาตรฐานและไม่ได้รับการสนับสนุนโดยตุ๊กแก
+ +

การเพิ่มและแก้ไขรายการประวัติ

+ +

{{gecko_minversion_header ("2")}}

+ +

HTML5 นำเสนอเมธอดhistory.pushState ()และhistory.replaceState ()ซึ่งช่วยให้คุณสามารถเพิ่มและแก้ไขรายการประวัติตามลำดับได้ วิธีการเหล่านี้ทำงานร่วมกับเหตุการณ์ {{domxref ("window.onpopstate")}}

+ +

การใช้history.pushState() การเปลี่ยนแปลง referrer ที่ใช้ในส่วนหัว HTTP สำหรับXMLHttpRequestอ็อบเจ็กต์ที่สร้างขึ้นหลังจากเปลี่ยนสถานะ ผู้อ้างอิงจะเป็น URL ของเอกสารที่มีหน้าต่างอยู่thisในขณะที่สร้างXMLHttpRequestวัตถุ

+ +

ตัวอย่างของวิธีการ pushState ()

+ +

สมมติว่าhttp://mozilla.org/foo.htmlใช้ JavaScript ต่อไปนี้:

+ +
var stateObj = {foo: "bar"};
+history.pushState (stateObj, "page 2", "bar.html");
+
+ +

ซึ่งจะทำให้แถบ URL แสดงhttp://mozilla.org/bar.htmlแต่จะไม่ทำให้เบราว์เซอร์โหลดbar.htmlหรือตรวจสอบว่าbar.htmlมีอยู่

+ +

สมมติว่าตอนนี้ผู้ใช้ไปที่http://google.comแล้วคลิกปุ่มย้อนกลับ ณ จุดนี้แถบ URL จะแสดงhttp://mozilla.org/bar.htmlและหน้าจะได้รับจะไม่ได้รับการpopstateจัดกิจกรรมที่มีสถานะของวัตถุมีสำเนาของstateObj  ถ้าคุณอ่านคุณจะได้รับhistory.state  เหตุการณ์จะไม่ถูกเรียกใช้เนื่องจากโหลดหน้าเว็บใหม่แล้ว หน้าเว็บจะมีลักษณะเหมือนกันstateObjpopstatebar.html

+ +

ถ้าเราคลิกย้อนกลับอีกครั้ง URL จะเปลี่ยนเป็นhttp://mozilla.org/foo.htmlและเอกสารจะได้รับ  popstateเหตุการณ์พร้อมกับอ็อบเจ็กต์สถานะว่าง ที่นี่อีกเช่นกันการย้อนกลับไม่ได้เปลี่ยนเนื้อหาของเอกสารจากสิ่งที่พวกเขาอยู่ในขั้นตอนก่อนหน้าแม้ว่าเอกสารอาจอัปเดตเนื้อหาด้วยตนเองเมื่อได้รับpopstateกิจกรรม

+ +

วิธีการ pushState ()

+ +

pushState()ใช้พารามิเตอร์สามตัว ได้แก่ อ็อบเจ็กต์สถานะชื่อ (ซึ่งปัจจุบันถูกละเว้น) และ (ไม่บังคับ) URL ลองดูแต่ละพารามิเตอร์ทั้งสามแบบนี้โดยละเอียด:

+ + + +
หมายเหตุ:ใน Gecko 2.0 {{geckoRelease ("2.0")}} ผ่าน Gecko 5.0 {{geckoRelease ("5.0")}} วัตถุที่ส่งผ่านจะได้รับการจัดอันดับโดยใช้ JSON เริ่มต้นในตุ๊กแก 6.0 {{geckoRelease ( "6.0")}} วัตถุที่ถูกต่อเนื่องโดยใช้อัลกอริทึมโคลนโครงสร้าง นี้จะช่วยให้ความหลากหลายของวัตถุที่จะผ่านได้อย่างปลอดภัย
+ +

ในแง่การโทรpushState()จะคล้ายกับการตั้งค่าwindow.location = "#foo"ทั้งสองจะสร้างและเปิดใช้งานรายการบันทึกประวัติอื่นที่เชื่อมโยงกับเอกสารปัจจุบัน แต่pushState()มีประโยชน์น้อย:

+ + + +

โปรดทราบว่าไม่ได้pushState()ทำให้เกิดhashchangeเหตุการณ์ที่จะถูกเรียกใช้แม้ว่า URL ใหม่จะแตกต่างจาก URL เดิมในแฮชก็ตาม

+ +

ในเอกสารXULจะสร้างองค์ประกอบ XUL ที่ระบุไว้

+ +

ในเอกสารอื่น ๆ จะสร้างองค์ประกอบด้วยnullURI namespace

+ +

วิธี replaceState ()

+ +

history.replaceState()ดำเนินการเหมือนกับที่history.pushState()ยกเว้นการreplaceState()แก้ไขรายการประวัติปัจจุบันแทนการสร้างใหม่ โปรดทราบว่าสิ่งนี้ไม่ได้ป้องกันไม่ให้มีการสร้างรายการใหม่ในประวัติเบราเซอร์ทั่วโลก

+ +

replaceState() มีประโยชน์อย่างยิ่งเมื่อคุณต้องการอัปเดตอ็อบเจ็กต์สถานะหรือ URL ของรายการประวัติปัจจุบันเพื่อตอบสนองการดำเนินการบางอย่างของผู้ใช้

+ +
หมายเหตุ:ใน Gecko 2.0 {{geckoRelease ("2.0")}} ผ่าน Gecko 5.0 {{geckoRelease ("5.0")}} วัตถุที่ส่งผ่านจะได้รับการจัดอันดับโดยใช้ JSON เริ่มต้นในตุ๊กแก 6.0 {{geckoRelease ( "6.0")}} วัตถุที่ถูกต่อเนื่องโดยใช้อัลกอริทึมโคลนโครงสร้าง นี้จะช่วยให้ความหลากหลายของวัตถุที่จะผ่านได้อย่างปลอดภัย
+ +

ตัวอย่างวิธี replaceState ()

+ +

สมมติว่าhttp://mozilla.org/foo.htmlใช้ JavaScript ต่อไปนี้:

+ +
var stateObj = {foo: "bar"};
+history.pushState (stateObj, "page 2", "bar.html");
+
+ +

คำอธิบายของสองบรรทัดข้างต้นสามารถดูได้ที่ "ตัวอย่างของวิธีการ pushState ()" จากนั้นสมมติว่าhttp://mozilla.org/bar.htmlเรียกใช้ JavaScript ต่อไปนี้:

+ +
history.replaceState (stateObj, "page 3", "bar2.html");
+
+ +

ซึ่งจะทำให้แถบ URL แสดงhttp://mozilla.org/bar2.htmlแต่จะไม่ทำให้เบราว์เซอร์โหลดbar2.htmlหรือแม้แต่การตรวจสอบว่าbar2.htmlมีอยู่

+ +

สมมติว่าตอนนี้ผู้ใช้ไปที่http://www.microsoft.comแล้วคลิกปุ่มย้อนกลับ ณ จุดนี้แถบ URL จะแสดงhttp://mozilla.org/bar2.html หากผู้ใช้คลิกกลับมาอีกครั้งแถบ URL จะแสดง http://mozilla.org/foo.html และข้ามผ่าน bar.html ทั้งหมด

+ +

เหตุการณ์ popstate

+ +

popstateเหตุการณ์ที่ถูกส่งไปที่หน้าต่างทุกครั้งที่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงรายการประวัติใช้งาน ถ้ารายการประวัติศาสตร์ที่มีการเปิดใช้งานถูกสร้างขึ้นโดยการเรียกpushStateหรือรับผลกระทบจากการโทรไปreplaceStateที่popstateเหตุการณ์stateสถานที่ให้บริการประกอบด้วยสำเนาของวัตถุรัฐประวัติศาสตร์ของรายการที่

+ +

ดู {{domxref ("window.onpopstate")}} สำหรับการใช้ตัวอย่าง

+ +

อ่านสถานะปัจจุบัน

+ +

เมื่อโหลดหน้าเว็บของคุณอาจมีอ็อบเจ็กต์สถานะที่ไม่ใช่ค่าว่าง กรณีเช่นนี้อาจเกิดขึ้นได้เช่นถ้าเพจกำหนดอ็อบเจ็กต์สถานะ (ใช้pushState()หรือreplaceState()) จากนั้นผู้ใช้จะเริ่มต้นเบราว์เซอร์ใหม่ เมื่อหน้าเว็บโหลดซ้ำหน้าเว็บจะได้รับเหตุการณ์onload แต่ไม่มีเหตุการณ์ที่ปรากฏ   แต่ถ้าคุณอ่านhistory.stateคุณสมบัติที่คุณจะได้รับกลับมาวัตถุรัฐที่คุณจะได้รับถ้าpopstateยิง

+ +

คุณสามารถอ่านสถานะของรายการประวัติปัจจุบันได้โดยไม่ต้องรอpopstateเหตุการณ์โดยใช้history.stateคุณสมบัติเช่นนี้:

+ +
var currentState = history.state;
+
+ +

ตัวอย่าง

+ +

สำหรับตัวอย่างที่สมบูรณ์ของเว็บไซต์ AJAX, โปรดดูที่: ตัวอย่างการนำทางอาแจ็กซ์

+ +

ข้อมูลจำเพาะ

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
สเปคสถานะคิดเห็น
{{SpecName ('HTML WHATWG', "browsers.html # history", "History")}}{{Spec2 ('HTML WHATWG')}}ไม่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงจาก {{SpecName ("HTML5 W3C")}}
{{SpecName ('HTML5 W3C', "browsers.html # history", "History")}}{{Spec2 ('HTML5 W3C')}}ความหมายเบื้องต้น
+ +

ความเข้ากันได้ของเบราเซอร์

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable ()}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ลักษณะโครเมียมขอบFirefox (ตุ๊กแก)Internet Explorerอุปรากรการแข่งรถวิบาก
replaceState, pushState5{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop ("2.0")}}1011.505.0
history.state18{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop ("2.0")}}1011.506.0
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ลักษณะAndroidขอบFirefox Mobile (ตุ๊กแก)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari มือถือ
replaceState, pushState{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}
history.state{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}{{CompatUnknown ()}}
+
+ +

ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/index.html b/files/th/web/api/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5ddadeb7cf --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +--- +title: Web APIs +slug: Web/API +tags: + - API + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - Web +translation_of: Web/API +--- +

When writing code for the Web using JavaScript, there are a great many APIs available. Below is a list of all the interfaces (that is, types of objects) that you may be able to use while developing your Web app or site.

+ +
{{APIListAlpha}}
diff --git a/files/th/web/api/indexeddb_api/index.html b/files/th/web/api/indexeddb_api/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..15c6eaf802 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/indexeddb_api/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,308 @@ +--- +title: IndexedDB API +slug: Web/API/IndexedDB_API +translation_of: Web/API/IndexedDB_API +--- +
{{DefaultAPISidebar ( "IndexedDB")}}
+ +

IndexedDB เป็น API ระดับต่ำสำหรับการจัดเก็บข้อมูลจำนวนมากของโครงสร้างข้อมูลรวมถึงไฟล์ / blobs API นี้ใช้ดัชนีเพื่อให้สามารถค้นหาข้อมูลนี้ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพสูง แม้ว่าที่เก็บข้อมูลเว็บจะเป็นประโยชน์สำหรับการจัดเก็บข้อมูลจำนวนน้อย แต่จะไม่ค่อยมีประโยชน์ในการจัดเก็บข้อมูลที่มีโครงสร้างจำนวนมาก IndexedDB มีวิธีแก้ปัญหา นี่คือหน้า Landing Page หลักสำหรับความครอบคลุม IndexedDB ของ MDN - ที่นี่เรามีลิงก์ไปยังคู่มืออ้างอิงและคู่มือการใช้งาน API แบบเต็มรูปแบบรายละเอียดการสนับสนุนเบราเซอร์และคำอธิบายเกี่ยวกับแนวคิดหลัก ๆ

+ +

{{AvailableInWorkers}}

+ +
+

หมายเหตุ : IndexedDB API มีประสิทธิภาพ แต่อาจดูเหมือนซับซ้อนเกินไปสำหรับกรณีง่ายๆ ถ้าคุณต้องการ API แบบธรรมดาลองใช้ไลบรารีเช่น  localForage , dexie.js , ZangoDB และJsStoreที่ทำให้ IndexedDB เป็นโปรแกรมเมอร์ที่เป็นมิตรมากขึ้น

+
+ +

แนวคิดหลักและการใช้งาน

+ +

IndexedDB เป็นระบบฐานข้อมูลการทำธุรกรรมเช่น RDBMS แบบ SQL แต่แตกต่างจาก RDBMSes ที่ใช้ SQL ซึ่งใช้ตารางคอลัมน์ถาวร IndexedDB เป็นฐานข้อมูลเชิงวัตถุที่ใช้ JavaScript IndexedDB ช่วยให้คุณสามารถจัดเก็บและดึงวัตถุที่มีการสร้างดัชนีด้วยที่สำคัญ ; วัตถุใด ๆ ที่สนับสนุนโดยอัลกอริทึมโคลนที่มีโครงสร้างสามารถจัดเก็บได้ คุณต้องระบุคีมาฐานข้อมูลเปิดการเชื่อมต่อกับฐานข้อมูลของคุณและจากนั้นดึงข้อมูลและปรับปรุงข้อมูลภายในชุดของการทำธุรกรรม

+ + + +
+

หมายเหตุ : เช่นเดียวกับโซลูชันการจัดเก็บข้อมูลเว็บส่วนใหญ่ IndexedDB จะใช้นโยบายแหล่งกำเนิดเดียวกัน ดังนั้นในขณะที่คุณสามารถเข้าถึงข้อมูลที่เก็บไว้ภายในโดเมนคุณจะไม่สามารถเข้าถึงข้อมูลในโดเมนต่างๆได้

+
+ +

Synchronous และ Asynchronous

+ +

การดำเนินงานที่ดำเนินการโดยใช้ IndexedDB ทำแบบอะซิงโครนัสเพื่อไม่ให้บล็อกแอพพลิเคชัน IndexedDB เดิมรวม APIs แบบซิงโครนัสและ  แบบอะซิงโครนัส API ซิงโครนัสมีไว้สำหรับใช้กับWeb Workersเท่านั้น แต่ถูกนำออกจาก spec เนื่องจากไม่ชัดเจนว่าจำเป็นหรือไม่ อย่างไรก็ตาม   API แบบซิงโครนัส  อาจได้รับคำแนะนำใหม่หากมีความต้องการเพียงพอจากนักพัฒนาเว็บ

+ +

ข้อ จำกัด ในการจัดเก็บและเกณฑ์การขับไล่

+ +

มีเทคโนโลยีเว็บจำนวนหนึ่งที่เก็บข้อมูลประเภทเดียวกันหรือแบบอื่นทางฝั่งไคลเอ็นต์ (เช่นบนดิสก์ภายในเครื่อง) IndexedDB เป็นเรื่องที่พูดถึงกันมากที่สุด กระบวนการที่เบราว์เซอร์ทำงานได้ว่าจะจัดสรรพื้นที่ในการจัดเก็บข้อมูลเว็บมากน้อยเพียงใดและจะลบอะไรเมื่อถึงขีด จำกัด นั้นไม่ง่ายและแตกต่างกันระหว่างเบราว์เซอร์ ขีด จำกัด ของพื้นที่เก็บข้อมูลเบราเซอร์และเกณฑ์การขับไล่พยายามอธิบายวิธีการทำงานนี้อย่างน้อยที่สุดในกรณีของ Firefox

+ +

อินเตอร์เฟซ

+ +

เมื่อต้องการเข้าถึงฐานข้อมูลให้เรียกopen()ใช้indexedDBแอ็ตทริบิวต์ของออบเจ็กต์หน้าต่าง เมธอดนี้ส่งกลับค่า {{domxref ("IDBRequest")}} object; การดำเนินการแบบอะซิงโครนัสจะสื่อสารกับแอพพลิเคชันการเรียกโดยการยิงเหตุการณ์บน {{domxref ("IDBRequest")}} วัตถุ

+ +

กำลังเชื่อมต่อกับฐานข้อมูล

+ +
+
{{domxref ( "IDBEnvironment")}}
+
ให้การเข้าถึงฟังก์ชันการทำงาน IndexedDB มีการใช้งานโดย {{domxref ("window")}} และวัตถุ {{domxref ("worker")}} อินเทอร์เฟซนี้ไม่ใช่ส่วนหนึ่งของข้อกำหนด 2.0
+
{{domxref ( "IDBFactory")}}
+
ให้การเข้าถึงฐานข้อมูล นี่คืออินเทอร์เฟซที่ใช้งานโดยอ็อบเจ็กต์ทั่วโลกindexedDBและเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นของ API
+
{{domxref ( "IDBOpenDBRequest")}}
+
หมายถึงคำขอให้เปิดฐานข้อมูล
+
{{domxref ( "IDBDatabase")}}
+
หมายถึงการเชื่อมต่อกับฐานข้อมูล เป็นวิธีเดียวที่จะได้รับธุรกรรมในฐานข้อมูล
+
กำลังเรียกและแก้ไขข้อมูล
+
+ +
+
{{domxref ( "IDBTransaction")}}
+
หมายถึงธุรกรรม คุณสร้างธุรกรรมในฐานข้อมูลระบุขอบเขต (เช่นที่เก็บออบเจ็กต์ที่คุณต้องการเข้าถึง) และกำหนดชนิดของการเข้าถึง (อ่านอย่างเดียวหรือเขียน readwrite) ที่คุณต้องการ
+
{{domxref ( "IDBRequest")}}
+
อินเทอร์เฟซทั่วไปที่จัดการคำขอฐานข้อมูลและให้การเข้าถึงผลการค้นหา
+
{{domxref ( "IDBObjectStore")}}
+
หมายถึงเก็บออบเจ็กต์ที่อนุญาตให้เข้าถึงชุดข้อมูลในฐานข้อมูล IndexedDB โดยค้นหาคีย์หลัก
+
{{domxref ( "IDBIndex")}}
+
นอกจากนี้ยังช่วยให้สามารถเข้าถึงชุดย่อยของข้อมูลในฐานข้อมูล IndexedDB ได้ แต่ใช้ดัชนีเพื่อดึงข้อมูลระเบียนแทนที่จะเป็นคีย์หลัก บางครั้งก็เร็วกว่าการใช้ {{domxref ("IDBObjectStore")}}
+
{{domxref ( "IDBCursor")}}
+
Iterates มากกว่าเก็บวัตถุและดัชนี
+
{{domxref ( "IDBCursorWithValue")}}
+
Iterates มากกว่าเก็บวัตถุและดัชนีและส่งกลับค่าปัจจุบันของเคอร์เซอร์
+
{{domxref ( "IDBKeyRange")}}
+
กำหนดช่วงสำคัญที่สามารถใช้เพื่อดึงข้อมูลจากฐานข้อมูลในช่วงที่กำหนด
+
{{domxref ("IDBLocaleAwareKeyRange")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
กำหนดช่วงที่สำคัญที่สามารถนำมาใช้เพื่อดึงข้อมูลจากฐานข้อมูลในช่วงที่กำหนดซึ่งจัดเรียงตามกฎของโลแคลที่ระบุสำหรับดัชนีที่ระบุ (โปรดดูที่createIndex()พารามิเตอร์ที่ไม่บังคับ ) อินเทอร์เฟซนี้ไม่ใช่ส่วนหนึ่งของข้อกำหนด 2.0
+
+ +

อินเทอร์เฟซเหตุการณ์ที่กำหนดเอง

+ +

ข้อกำหนดนี้จะเริ่มต้นกิจกรรมด้วยอินเทอร์เฟซที่กำหนดเองต่อไปนี้:

+ +
+
{{domxref ( "IDBVersionChangeEvent")}}
+
IDBVersionChangeEventอินเตอร์เฟซแสดงให้เห็นว่ารุ่นของฐานข้อมูลที่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงเป็นผลมาจากการ {{domxref ( "IDBOpenDBRequest.onupgradeneeded")}} ฟังก์ชั่นจัดการเหตุการณ์
+
+ +

อินเตอร์เฟซล้าสมัย

+ +

เวอร์ชันก่อนหน้าของข้อกำหนดยังกำหนดการเชื่อมต่อที่ลบออกไปแล้วในขณะนี้ เอกสารเหล่านี้จะได้รับการจัดทำเป็นเอกสารไว้ในกรณีที่คุณจำเป็นต้องอัพเดตโค้ดที่เขียนไว้ก่อนหน้านี้:

+ +
+
{{domxref ("IDBVersionChangeRequest")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
หมายถึงคำขอให้เปลี่ยนเวอร์ชันของฐานข้อมูล วิธีเปลี่ยนเวอร์ชันของฐานข้อมูลได้เปลี่ยนไปแล้ว (โดยเรียก {{domxref ("IDBFactory.open")}} โดยไม่ต้องเรียก {{domxref ("IDBDatabase.setVersion")}}) และอินเทอร์เฟซ {{domxref ("IDBOpenDBRequest")}} มีฟังก์ชันการทำงานของ {{domxref ("IDBVersionChangeRequest")}} ที่ถูกลบ
+
{{domxref ("IDBDatabaseException")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
หมายถึงสภาวะข้อยกเว้นที่สามารถพบได้ในขณะดำเนินการฐานข้อมูล
+
{{domxref ("IDBTransactionSync")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
ซิงค์เวอร์ชันของ {{domxref ("IDBTransaction")}}
+
{{domxref ("IDBObjectStoreSync")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
ซิงค์เวอร์ชันของ {{domxref ("IDBObjectStore")}}
+
{{domxref ("IDBIndexSync")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
ซิงค์เวอร์ชันของ {{domxref ("IDBIndex")}}
+
{{domxref ("IDBFactorySync")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
ซิงค์เวอร์ชันของ {{domxref ("IDBFactory")}}
+
{{domxref ("IDBEnvironmentSync")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
ซิงค์เวอร์ชันของ {{domxref ("IDBEnvironment")}}
+
{{domxref ("IDBDatabaseSync")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
ซิงค์เวอร์ชัน {{domxref ("IDBDatabase")}}
+
{{domxref ("IDBCursorSync")}} {{obsolete_inline}}
+
ซิงค์เวอร์ชันของ {{domxref ("IDBCursor")}}
+
+ +

ตัวอย่าง

+ + + +

ข้อมูลจำเพาะ

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
สเปคสถานะคิดเห็น
{{SpecName ( 'IndexedDB')}}{{Spec2 ( 'IndexedDB')}}ความหมายเบื้องต้น
{{SpecName ("IndexedDB 2")}}{{Spec2 ("IndexedDB 2")}} 
+ +

ความเข้ากันได้ของเบราเซอร์

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ลักษณะโครเมียมขอบFirefox (ตุ๊กแก)Internet ExplorerอุปรากรSafari (WebKit)
การสนับสนุนขั้นพื้นฐาน{{CompatChrome (23)}} {{property_prefix ("webkit")}}
+ {{CompatChrome (24)}} (ไม่เป็นที่รู้จัก)
+ {{CompatChrome (38)}} (คำนำหน้าเลิกใช้แล้ว)
+ {{CompatChrome (57)}} ( คำนำหน้านำออก)		{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop ("10.0")}} {{property_prefix ("moz")}}
+ {{CompatGeckoDesktop ("16.0")}}		1015 +

7.1 ส่วนที่
+ 10

+
มีอยู่ในคนงาน{{CompatVersionUnknown}} (ไม่เป็นตัวเป็นตน)
+ {{CompatChrome (38)}} (คำนำหน้าเลิกใช้แล้ว)
+ {{CompatChrome (57)}} (นำหน้านำหน้าออก)		{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop ("37.0")}} [1]{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}10
ใช้ได้ในโหมดความเป็นส่วนตัว[3]{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}
IDBLocaleAwareKeyRange{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop ("43.0")}} [2]{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}
ฐานข้อมูลที่ทำดัชนี 2.0{{CompatChrome (58)}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatOpera (45)}}{{CompatUnknown}}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ลักษณะAndroid WebviewChrome สำหรับแอนดรอยด์ขอบFirefox Mobile (ตุ๊กแก)Firefox OSโทรศัพท์ IE / EdgeOpera MobileSafari มือถือ
การสนับสนุนขั้นพื้นฐาน{{CompatVersionUnknown}} (ไม่เป็นตัวเป็นตน)
+ {{CompatChrome (38)}} (คำนำหน้าเลิกใช้แล้ว)
+ {{CompatChrome (57)}} (นำหน้านำหน้าออก)		{{CompatVersionUnknown}} (ไม่เป็นตัวเป็นตน)
+ {{CompatChrome (38)}} (คำนำหน้าเลิกใช้แล้ว)
+ {{CompatChrome (57)}} (นำหน้านำหน้าออก)		{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile ( "22.0")}}1.0.110{{CompatOpera (22)}}8 บางส่วน
+ 10
มีอยู่ในคนงาน{{CompatVersionUnknown}} (ไม่เป็นตัวเป็นตน)
+ {{CompatChrome (38)}} (คำนำหน้าเลิกใช้แล้ว)
+ {{CompatChrome (57)}} (นำหน้านำหน้าออก)		{{CompatVersionUnknown}} (ไม่เป็นตัวเป็นตน)
+ {{CompatChrome (38)}} (คำนำหน้าเลิกใช้แล้ว)
+ {{CompatChrome (57)}} (นำหน้านำหน้าออก)		{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile ("37.0")}} [1]{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}10
ใช้ได้ในโหมดความเป็นส่วนตัว[3]{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
IDBLocaleAwareKeyRange{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatGeckoMobile ("43.0")}} [2]2.5 [2]{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}{{CompatNo}}
ฐานข้อมูลที่ทำดัชนี 2.0{{CompatChrome (58)}}{{CompatChrome (58)}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatOpera (45)}}{{CompatUnknown}}
+
+ + + +

ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/location/index.html b/files/th/web/api/location/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0e1ae33f89 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/location/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ +--- +title: Location +slug: Web/API/Location +tags: + - API + - HTML DOM + - Interface + - Location + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/API/Location +--- +

{{APIRef("HTML DOM")}}

+ +

The Location interface represents the location (URL) of the object it is linked to. Changes done on it are reflected on the object it relates to. Both the {{domxref("Document")}} and {{domxref("Window")}} interface have such a linked Location, accessible via {{domxref("Document.location")}} and {{domxref("Window.location")}} respectively.

+ +

Properties

+ +

The Location interface doesn't inherit any property, but implements those from {{domxref("URLUtils")}}.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Location.href")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the entire URL. If changed, the associated document navigates to the new page. It can be set from a different origin than the associated document.
+
{{domxref("Location.protocol")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the protocol scheme of the URL, including the final ':'.
+
{{domxref("Location.host")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the host, that is the hostname, a ':', and the port of the URL.
+
{{domxref("Location.hostname")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the domain of the URL.
+
{{domxref("Location.port")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the port number of the URL.
+
{{domxref("Location.pathname")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing an initial '/' followed by the path of the URL.
+
{{domxref("Location.search")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing a '?' followed by the parameters or "querystring" of the URL. Modern browsers provide URLSearchParams and URL.searchParams to make it easy to parse out the parameters from the querystring.
+ +
{{domxref("Location.hash")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing a '#' followed by the fragment identifier of the URL.
+
{{domxref("Location.username")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the username specified before the domain name.
+
{{domxref("Location.password")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the password specified before the domain name.
+
{{domxref("Location.origin")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the canonical form of the origin of the specific location.
+
+ +

Methods

+ +

The Location interface doesn't inherit any method, but implements those from {{domxref("URLUtils")}}.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Location.assign()")}}
+
Loads the resource at the URL provided in parameter.
+
{{domxref("Location.reload()")}}
+
Reloads the resource from the current URL. Its optional unique parameter is a {{domxref("Boolean")}}, which, when it is true, causes the page to always be reloaded from the server. If it is false or not specified, the browser may reload the page from its cache.
+
{{domxref("Location.replace()")}}
+
Replaces the current resource with the one at the provided URL. The difference from the assign() method is that after using replace() the current page will not be saved in session {{domxref("History")}}, meaning the user won't be able to use the back button to navigate to it.
+
{{domxref("Location.toString()")}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the whole URL. It is a synonym for {{domxref("URLUtils.href")}}, though it can't be used to modify the value.
+
+ +

Examples

+ +
// Create anchor element and use href property for the purpose of this example
+// A more correct alternative is to browse to the URL and use document.location or window.location
+var url = document.createElement('a');
+url.href = 'https://developer.mozilla.org:8080/en-US/search?q=URL#search-results-close-container';
+console.log(url.href);      // https://developer.mozilla.org:8080/en-US/search?q=URL#search-results-close-container
+console.log(url.protocol);  // https:
+console.log(url.host);      // developer.mozilla.org:8080
+console.log(url.hostname);  // developer.mozilla.org
+console.log(url.port);      // 8080
+console.log(url.pathname);  // /en-US/search
+console.log(url.search);    // ?q=URL
+console.log(url.hash);      // #search-results-close-container
+console.log(url.origin);    // https://developer.mozilla.org
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', "browsers.html#the-location-interface", "Location")}}{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}}No change from {{SpecName("HTML5 W3C")}}.
{{SpecName('HTML5 W3C', "browsers.html#the-location-interface", "Location")}}{{Spec2('HTML5 W3C')}}Initial definition.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari (WebKit)
Basic support{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
origin on Windows.location{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("21")}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
origin on all location objects (but on Workers, that use {{domxref("WorkerLocation")}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("26")}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
username and password{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoDesktop("26")}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FeatureAndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE PhoneOpera MobileSafari Mobile
Basic support{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{CompatVersionUnknown}}
origin on Windows.location{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("21")}}11{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
origin on all location objects (but on Workers, that use {{domxref("WorkerLocation")}}){{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("26")}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
username and password{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatGeckoMobile("26")}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}{{CompatUnknown}}
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/server-sent_events/index.html b/files/th/web/api/server-sent_events/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7430312328 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/server-sent_events/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +--- +title: Server-sent events +slug: Web/API/Server-sent_events +translation_of: Web/API/Server-sent_events +--- +

{{DefaultAPISidebar("เซิร์ฟเวอร์ส่งเหตุการณ์")}}

+ +

ตามเนื้อผ้าหน้าเว็บต้องส่งคำขอไปยังเซิร์ฟเวอร์เพื่อรับข้อมูลใหม่ นั่นคือหน้าร้องขอข้อมูลจากเซิร์ฟเวอร์ ด้วยเหตุการณ์ที่เซิร์ฟเวอร์ส่งเป็นไปได้ที่เซิร์ฟเวอร์จะส่งข้อมูลใหม่ไปยังหน้าเว็บได้ตลอดเวลาโดยการส่งข้อความไปยังหน้าเว็บ ข้อความขาเข้าเหล่านี้สามารถใช้เป็นข้อมูลกิจกรรม +ในหน้าเว็บ

+ +

แนวคิดและการใช้งาน

+ +

เพื่อเรียนรู้วิธีการใช้เหตุการณ์เซิร์ฟเวอร์ส่งดูบทความของเราใช้เหตุการณ์เซิร์ฟเวอร์ส่ง

+ +

อินเตอร์เฟซ

+ +
+
{{domxref("EventSource")}}
+
กำหนดคุณสมบัติทั้งหมดที่จัดการการเชื่อมต่อกับเซิร์ฟเวอร์การรับเหตุการณ์ / ข้อมูลข้อผิดพลาดการปิดการเชื่อมต่อ ฯลฯ
+
+ +

ตัวอย่าง

+ + + +

สเปค

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
สเปคสถานะคิดเห็น
{{SpecName ('HTML WHATWG', '# server-sent-events', 'เหตุการณ์ที่เซิร์ฟเวอร์ส่ง')}}{{Spec2 ('HTML WHATWG')}}
+ +

ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ +

เครื่องมือ

+ + + + + + + +

แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น ๆ

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/webgl_api/index.html b/files/th/web/api/webgl_api/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5b2a88ef9e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/webgl_api/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ +--- +title: 'WebGL: 2D and 3D graphics for the web' +slug: Web/API/WebGL_API +translation_of: Web/API/WebGL_API +--- +
{{WebGLSidebar}}
+ +
+

WebGL (ห้องสมุดกราฟิกเว็บ) เป็น JavaScript API สำหรับการแสดงผลกราฟิก 3 มิติและ 2D แบบโต้ตอบที่มีประสิทธิภาพสูงภายในเว็บเบราว์เซอร์ที่รองรับโดยไม่ต้องใช้ปลั๊กอิน WebGL ทำได้โดยการแนะนำ API ที่สอดคล้องกับ OpenGL ES 2.0 อย่างใกล้ชิดซึ่งสามารถใช้ในองค์ประกอบ HTML5 {{HTMLElement ("canvas")}} ความสอดคล้องนี้ทำให้ API สามารถได้รับประโยชน์จากการเร่งความเร็วของกราฟิกฮาร์ดแวร์ที่อุปกรณ์ของผู้ใช้ใช้

+
+ +

รองรับ WebGL ในFirefox 4+, Google Chrome 9+, Opera 12+, Safari 5.1+, Internet Explorer 11+ และMicrosoft Edge build 10240+; อย่างไรก็ตามอุปกรณ์ของผู้ใช้จะต้องมีฮาร์ดแวร์ที่รองรับคุณสมบัติเหล่านี้

+ +

{{anch ("WebGL 2")}} API แนะนำการสนับสนุนชุดคุณลักษณะ OpenGL ES 3.0 เป็นส่วนใหญ่ มีให้ผ่านทาง {{domxref ("WebGL2RenderingContext")}} ส่วนต่อประสาน

+ +

องค์ประกอบ {{HTMLElement ("canvas")}} ยังถูกใช้โดยCanvas APIเพื่อทำกราฟิก 2D บนหน้าเว็บ

+ +

การอ้างอิง

+ +

อินเตอร์เฟสมาตรฐาน

+ +
+ +
+ +

ส่วนขยาย

+ +
+ +
+ +

Events

+ + + +

Constants and types

+ + + +

WebGL 2

+ +

WebGL 2 is a major update to WebGL which is provided through the {{domxref("WebGL2RenderingContext")}} interface. It is based on OpenGL ES 3.0 and new features include:

+ + + +

See also the blog post "WebGL 2 lands in Firefox" and webglsamples.org/WebGL2Samples for a few demos.

+ +

Guides and tutorials

+ +

Below, you'll find an assortment of guides to help you learn WebGL concepts and tutorials that offer step-by-step lessons and examples.

+ +

Guides

+ +
+
Data in WebGL
+
A guide to variables, buffers, and other types of data used when writing WebGL code.
+
WebGL best practices
+
Tips and suggestions to help you improve the quality, performance, and reliability of your WebGL content.
+
Using extensions
+
A guide to using WebGL extensions.
+
+ +

Tutorials

+ +
+
WebGL tutorial
+
A beginner's guide to WebGL core concepts. A good place to start if you don't have previous WebGL experience.
+
+ +

Examples

+ +
+
A basic 2D WebGL animation example
+
This example demonstrates the simple animation of a one-color shape. Topics examined are adapting to aspect ratio differences, a function to build shader programs from sets of multiple shaders, and the basics of drawing in WebGL.
+
WebGL by example
+
ชุดตัวอย่างสดพร้อมคำอธิบายสั้น ๆ ที่แสดงแนวคิดและความสามารถของ WebGL ตัวอย่างจะถูกจัดเรียงตามหัวข้อและระดับความยากซึ่งครอบคลุมบริบทการเรนเดอร์ WebGL, การโปรแกรม shader, พื้นผิว, เรขาคณิต, การโต้ตอบกับผู้ใช้และอื่น ๆ
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บทเรียนขั้นสูง

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การฉายมุมมองโมเดล WebGL
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คำอธิบายโดยละเอียดของเมทริกซ์หลักสามตัวที่โดยทั่วไปใช้เพื่อแสดงมุมมองวัตถุสามมิติ: แบบจำลองมุมมองและเมทริกซ์การฉายภาพ
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คณิตศาสตร์เมทริกซ์สำหรับเว็บ
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คู่มือที่มีประโยชน์เกี่ยวกับการทำงานของเมทริกซ์การแปลง 3D และสามารถใช้บนเว็บได้ - ทั้งสำหรับการคำนวณ WebGL และในการแปลง CSS3
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ทรัพยากร

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ห้องสมุด

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ข้อมูลจำเพาะ

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สเปคสถานะคิดเห็น
{{SpecName ( 'WebGL')}}{{Spec2 ( 'WebGL')}}คำจำกัดความเบื้องต้น อ้างอิงจาก OpenGL ES 2.0
{{SpecName ( 'WebGL2')}}{{Spec2 ( 'WebGL2')}}สร้างบน WebGL 1. ขึ้นอยู่กับ OpenGL ES 3.0
{{SpecName ('OpenGL ES 2.0')}}{{Spec2 ('OpenGL ES 2.0')}}
{{SpecName('OpenGL ES 3.0')}}{{Spec2('OpenGL ES 3.0')}}
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Browser compatibility

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WebGL 1

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{{Compat("api.WebGLRenderingContext", 0)}}

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WebGL 2

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{{Compat("api.WebGL2RenderingContext", 0)}}

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Compatibility notes

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นอกเหนือจากเบราว์เซอร์แล้ว GPU เองยังต้องการการสนับสนุนคุณสมบัติ ตัวอย่างเช่น S3 การบีบอัดพื้นผิว (S3TC) มีเฉพาะในแท็บเล็ตที่ใช้ Tegra เท่านั้น เบราว์เซอร์ส่วนใหญ่ทำให้บริบท WebGL พร้อมใช้งานผ่านwebglชื่อบริบท แต่เบราว์เซอร์ที่เก่ากว่านั้นต้องการexperimental-webglเช่นกัน นอกจากนี้การที่จะเกิดขึ้นWebGL 2webgl2เป็นอย่างถอยหลังได้และจะมีชื่อบริบท

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บันทึกตุ๊กแก

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การแก้ไขข้อบกพร่องและการทดสอบ WebGL

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เริ่มต้นด้วย Gecko 10.0 {{geckoRelease ("10.0")}} มีการตั้งค่าสองแบบที่ให้คุณควบคุมความสามารถของ WebGL สำหรับการทดสอบ:

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webgl.min_capability_mode
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คุณสมบัติบูลีนที่เมื่อtrueเปิดใช้งานโหมดความสามารถขั้นต่ำ เมื่ออยู่ในโหมดนี้ WebGL จะได้รับการกำหนดค่าให้สนับสนุนชุดคุณลักษณะขั้นต่ำเปลือยและความสามารถที่จำเป็นตามข้อกำหนด WebGL เท่านั้น วิธีนี้ช่วยให้คุณมั่นใจได้ว่ารหัส WebGL ของคุณจะทำงานบนอุปกรณ์หรือเบราว์เซอร์ใด ๆ โดยไม่คำนึงถึงความสามารถของพวกเขา นี่คือfalseค่าเริ่มต้น
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webgl.disable_extensions
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คุณสมบัติบูลีนที่เมื่อtrueปิดใช้งานส่วนขยาย WebGL ทั้งหมด นี่คือfalseค่าเริ่มต้น
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ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

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{{DefaultAPISidebar("Websockets API")}}

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The WebSocket API is an advanced technology that makes it possible to open a two-way interactive communication session between the user's browser and a server. With this API, you can send messages to a server and receive event-driven responses without having to poll the server for a reply.

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Note: While a WebSocket connection is functionally somewhat similar to standard Unix-style sockets, they are not related.

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Interfaces

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WebSocket
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The primary interface for connecting to a WebSocket server and then sending and receiving data on the connection.
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CloseEvent
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The event sent by the WebSocket object when the connection closes.
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MessageEvent
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The event sent by the WebSocket object when a message is received from the server.
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Guides

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Tools

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Specifications

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SpecificationStatusComments
{{SpecName("HTML WHATWG", "web-sockets.html", "WebSocket API")}}{{Spec2("HTML WHATWG")}}
WebSocketsCandidate Recommendation
{{RFC(6455, "The WebSocket Protocol")}}IETF RFC
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Browser compatibility

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{{Compat("api.WebSocket")}}

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See also

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{{APIRef ("DOM")}}
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Windowอินเตอร์เฟซที่แสดงให้เห็นถึงหน้าต่างที่มี {{คำศัพท์ ( "DOM")}} เอกสาร; documentจุดสถานที่ให้บริการไปยังเอกสาร DOMโหลดในหน้าต่างที่ สามารถรับหน้าต่างสำหรับเอกสารที่ระบุได้โดยใช้คุณสมบัติ {{domxref ("document.defaultView")}}

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ตัวแปรส่วนกลางwindowซึ่งเป็นตัวแทนของหน้าต่างที่สคริปต์กำลังทำงานอยู่นั้นสัมผัสกับโค้ด JavaScript

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Windowอินเตอร์เฟซที่เป็นบ้านที่มีความหลากหลายของฟังก์ชั่น namespaces วัตถุและการก่อสร้างที่ไม่จำเป็นต้องเกี่ยวข้องโดยตรงกับแนวคิดของหน้าต่างอินเตอร์เฟซผู้ใช้ อย่างไรก็ตามWindowอินเทอร์เฟซเป็นสถานที่ที่เหมาะสมในการรวมรายการเหล่านี้ที่จำเป็นต้องพร้อมใช้งานทั่วโลก หลายคนเหล่านี้จะถูกบันทึกไว้ในเอกสารอ้างอิง JavaScriptและDOM อ้างอิง

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ในเบราว์เซอร์แบบแท็บแต่ละแท็บจะแสดงด้วยWindowวัตถุของตัวเอง ทั่วโลกที่windowเห็นโดยโค้ด JavaScript ที่ทำงานภายในแท็บหนึ่ง ๆ จะแสดงถึงแท็บที่โค้ดกำลังทำงานอยู่เสมอ อย่างไรก็ตามในเบราว์เซอร์แบบแท็บคุณสมบัติและวิธีการบางอย่างยังคงใช้กับหน้าต่างโดยรวมที่มีแท็บเช่น {{Domxref ("Window.resizeTo", "resizeTo ()")}} และ {{Domxref (" Window.innerHeight "," innerHeight ")}} โดยทั่วไปสิ่งที่ไม่สามารถเกี่ยวข้องกับแท็บจะเกี่ยวข้องกับหน้าต่างแทน

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{{InheritanceDiagram}}

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ตัวสร้าง

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ดูอินเทอร์เฟซ DOMด้วย

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{{domxref ("DOMParser")}}
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DOMParserสามารถแยก XML หรือแหล่งที่มาของ HTML เก็บไว้ในสตริงเป็น DOM เอกสาร DOMParserที่ระบุไว้ในDOM แยกและเป็นอันดับ
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{{domxref ("รูปภาพ")}}
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ใช้สำหรับสร้าง {{domxref ("HTMLImageElement")}}
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{{domxref ("ตัวเลือก")}}
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ใช้สำหรับสร้าง {{domxref ("HTMLOptionElement")}}
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{{domxref ("StaticRange")}} {{trial_inline}} {{readonlyinline}}
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ส่งกลับคอนสตรัคเตอร์ {{domxref ('StaticRange.StaticRange', 'StaticRange ()')}} ซึ่งสร้างอ็อบเจกต์ {{domxref ('StaticRange')}}
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{{domxref ("คนงาน")}}
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ใช้สำหรับสร้างWeb Worker
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{{domxref ("XMLSerializer")}}
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แปลงแผนผัง DOM เป็นซอร์ส XML หรือ HTML
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คุณสมบัติ

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อินเทอร์เฟซนี้สืบทอดคุณสมบัติจากอินเทอร์เฟซ {{domxref ("EventTarget")}} และใช้คุณสมบัติจากมิกซ์อิน {{domxref ("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope")}} และ {{domxref ("WindowEventHandlers")}}

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โปรดสังเกตว่าคุณสมบัติที่เป็นอ็อบเจกต์ (เช่นสำหรับการลบล้างต้นแบบของอิลิเมนต์ในตัว) จะแสดงรายการไว้ในส่วนแยกต่างหากด้านล่าง

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{{domxref ("Window.closed")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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คุณสมบัตินี้ระบุว่าหน้าต่างปัจจุบันปิดอยู่หรือไม่
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{{domxref ("Window.console")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์คอนโซลที่ให้การเข้าถึงคอนโซลการดีบักของเบราว์เซอร์
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{{domxref ("Window.controllers")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}} {{non-standard_inline}}
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ส่งคืนอ็อบเจ็กต์คอนโทรลเลอร์ XUL สำหรับหน้าต่างโครเมี่ยมปัจจุบัน
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{{domxref ("Window.customElements")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
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ส่งกลับการอ้างอิงถึงออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("CustomElementRegistry")}} ซึ่งสามารถใช้เพื่อลงทะเบียนองค์ประกอบที่กำหนดเองใหม่และรับข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับองค์ประกอบที่กำหนดเองที่ลงทะเบียนไว้ก่อนหน้านี้
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{{domxref ("Window.crypto")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนวัตถุการเข้ารหัสลับของเบราว์เซอร์
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{{domxref ("Window.devicePixelRatio")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
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ส่งกลับอัตราส่วนระหว่างพิกเซลจริงและพิกเซลอิสระของอุปกรณ์ในจอแสดงผลปัจจุบัน
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{{domxref ("Window.document")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังเอกสารที่มีหน้าต่าง
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{{domxref ("Window.DOMMatrix")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
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ส่งกลับการอ้างอิงถึงออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("DOMMatrix")} ซึ่งแสดงถึงเมทริกซ์ 4x4 เหมาะสำหรับการดำเนินการ 2 มิติและ 3 มิติ
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{{domxref ("Window.DOMMatrixReadOnly")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
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ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("DOMMatrixReadOnly")}} ซึ่งแสดงถึงเมทริกซ์ 4x4 เหมาะสำหรับการดำเนินการ 2 มิติและ 3 มิติ
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{{domxref ("Window.DOMPoint")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
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ส่งกลับการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("DOMPoint")}} ซึ่งแสดงถึงจุด 2 มิติหรือ 3 มิติในระบบพิกัด
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{{domxref ("Window.DOMPointReadOnly")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
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ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("DOMPointReadOnly")}} ซึ่งแสดงถึงจุด 2 มิติหรือ 3 มิติในระบบพิกัด
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{{domxref ("Window.DOMQuad")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
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ส่งกลับการอ้างอิงถึงออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("DOMQuad")}} ซึ่งแสดงถึงออบเจ็กต์รูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสนั่นคืออันที่มีสี่มุมและสี่ด้าน
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{{domxref ("Window.DOMRect")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
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ส่งกลับการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("DOMRect")}} ซึ่งแสดงถึงสี่เหลี่ยมผืนผ้า
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{{domxref ("Window.DOMRectReadOnly")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
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ส่งกลับการอ้างอิงไปยังวัตถุ {{domxref ("DOMRectReadOnly")}} ซึ่งแสดงถึงรูปสี่เหลี่ยมผืนผ้า
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{{domxref ("Window.event")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนเหตุการณ์ปัจจุบันซึ่งเป็นเหตุการณ์ที่กำลังจัดการโดยบริบทของโค้ด JavaScript หรือundefinedหากไม่มีเหตุการณ์ใดที่กำลังจัดการอยู่ ควรใช้ออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("Event")}} ที่ส่งตรงไปยังตัวจัดการเหตุการณ์แทนทุกครั้งที่ทำได้
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{{domxref ("Window.frameElement")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนองค์ประกอบที่ฝังหน้าต่างหรือเป็นโมฆะหากไม่ได้ฝังหน้าต่าง
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{{domxref ("Window.frames")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนอาร์เรย์ของเฟรมย่อยในหน้าต่างปัจจุบัน
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{{domxref ("Window.fullScreen")}}
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คุณสมบัตินี้ระบุว่าหน้าต่างแสดงแบบเต็มหน้าจอหรือไม่
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{{domxref ("Window.history")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์ประวัติ
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{{domxref ("Window.innerHeight")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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รับความสูงของพื้นที่เนื้อหาของหน้าต่างเบราว์เซอร์รวมถึงแถบเลื่อนแนวนอนหากแสดงผล
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{{domxref ("Window.innerWidth")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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รับความกว้างของพื้นที่เนื้อหาของหน้าต่างเบราว์เซอร์รวมถึงแถบเลื่อนแนวตั้งหากแสดงผล
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{{domxref ("Window.isSecureContext")}} {{trial_inline}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ระบุว่าบริบทสามารถใช้คุณลักษณะที่ต้องการบริบทที่ปลอดภัยได้หรือไม่
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{{domxref ("Window.length")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนจำนวนเฟรมในหน้าต่าง โปรดดู {{domxref ("window.frames")}} ด้วย
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{{domxref ("Window.location")}}
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รับ / ตั้งค่าตำแหน่งหรือ URL ปัจจุบันของวัตถุหน้าต่าง
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{{domxref ("Window.locationbar")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนวัตถุแถบตำแหน่งซึ่งสามารถสลับการเปิดเผยในหน้าต่างได้
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{{domxref ("Window.localStorage")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์หน่วยเก็บข้อมูลในเครื่องที่ใช้ในการจัดเก็บข้อมูลที่สามารถเข้าถึงได้โดยต้นทางที่สร้างขึ้นเท่านั้น
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{{domxref ("Window.menubar")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนวัตถุแถบเมนูซึ่งสามารถสลับการมองเห็นได้ในหน้าต่าง
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{{domxref ("Window.messageManager")}} {{non-standard_inline}}
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ส่งคืนวัตถุตัวจัดการข้อความสำหรับหน้าต่างนี้
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{{domxref ("Window.mozInnerScreenX")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}} {{non-standard_inline}}
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ส่งกลับพิกัดแนวนอน (X) ของมุมบนซ้ายของวิวพอร์ตของหน้าต่างในพิกัดหน้าจอ ค่านี้รายงานเป็นพิกเซล CSS ดูmozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixelใน {{interface ("nsIDOMWindowUtils")}} สำหรับปัจจัยการแปลงเพื่อปรับให้เข้ากับพิกเซลของหน้าจอหากจำเป็น
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{{domxref ("Window.mozInnerScreenY")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}} {{non-standard_inline}}
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ส่งกลับพิกัดแนวตั้ง (Y) ของมุมบนซ้ายของวิวพอร์ตของหน้าต่างในพิกัดหน้าจอ ค่านี้รายงานเป็นพิกเซล CSS ดูmozScreenPixelsPerCSSPixelปัจจัยการแปลงเพื่อปรับให้เข้ากับพิกเซลหน้าจอหากจำเป็น
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{{domxref ("Window.name")}}
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รับ / ตั้งชื่อของหน้าต่าง
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{{domxref ("Window.navigator")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
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ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังวัตถุเนวิเกเตอร์
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{{domxref ("Window.opener")}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังหน้าต่างที่เปิดหน้าต่างปัจจุบันนี้
+
{{domxref ("Window.outerHeight")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
รับความสูงของด้านนอกของหน้าต่างเบราว์เซอร์
+
{{domxref ("Window.outerWidth")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
รับความกว้างของด้านนอกของหน้าต่างเบราว์เซอร์
+
{{domxref ("Window.scrollX", "Window.pageXOffset")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
นามแฝงสำหรับ {{domxref ("window.scrollX")}}
+
{{domxref ("Window.scrollY", "Window.pageYOffset")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
นามแฝงสำหรับ {{domxref ("window.scrollY")}}
+
{{domxref ("Window.parent")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงถึงพาเรนต์ของหน้าต่างหรือเฟรมย่อยปัจจุบัน
+
{{domxref ("Window.performance")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนอ็อบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("Performance")}} ซึ่งรวมถึง {{domxref ("Performance.timing", "timing")}} และ {{domxref ("Performance.navigation", "navigation")}} แอตทริบิวต์ซึ่งแต่ละรายการเป็นวัตถุที่ให้ข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้องกับประสิทธิภาพ โปรดดูการใช้ Navigation Timingสำหรับข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัวอย่าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.personalbar")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนวัตถุ Personalbar ซึ่งสามารถสลับการมองเห็นได้ในหน้าต่าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.screen")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์หน้าจอที่เกี่ยวข้องกับหน้าต่าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.screenX")}} และ {{domxref ("Window.screenLeft")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
คุณสมบัติทั้งสองจะคืนระยะทางแนวนอนจากขอบด้านซ้ายของวิวพอร์ตของเบราว์เซอร์ของผู้ใช้ไปทางด้านซ้ายของหน้าจอ
+
{{domxref ("Window.screenY")}} และ {{domxref ("Window.screenTop")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
คุณสมบัติทั้งสองจะคืนระยะทางแนวตั้งจากเส้นขอบด้านบนของวิวพอร์ตเบราว์เซอร์ของผู้ใช้ไปที่ด้านบนของหน้าจอ
+
{{domxref ("Window.scrollbars")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนอ็อบเจ็กต์แถบเลื่อนซึ่งสามารถสลับการมองเห็นได้ในหน้าต่าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.scrollMaxX")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
ค่าชดเชยสูงสุดที่สามารถเลื่อนหน้าต่างไปเป็นแนวนอนได้นั่นคือความกว้างของเอกสารลบด้วยความกว้างของวิวพอร์ต
+
{{domxref ("Window.scrollMaxY")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
ค่าชดเชยสูงสุดที่สามารถเลื่อนหน้าต่างไปยังแนวตั้งได้ (เช่นความสูงของเอกสารลบด้วยความสูงของวิวพอร์ต)
+
{{domxref ("Window.scrollX")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนจำนวนพิกเซลที่เอกสารถูกเลื่อนไปแล้วในแนวนอน
+
{{domxref ("Window.scrollY")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนจำนวนพิกเซลที่เอกสารถูกเลื่อนในแนวตั้งแล้ว
+
{{domxref ("Window.self")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงอ็อบเจ็กต์ไปยังอ็อบเจ็กต์หน้าต่างเอง
+
{{domxref ("Window.sessionStorage")}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังออบเจ็กต์หน่วยเก็บข้อมูลเซสชันที่ใช้ในการจัดเก็บข้อมูลที่สามารถเข้าถึงได้โดยต้นทางที่สร้าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.sidebar")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังวัตถุหน้าต่างของแถบด้านข้าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.speechSynthesis")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("SpeechSynthesis")}} ซึ่งเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นในการใช้ฟังก์ชันการสังเคราะห์เสียงพูด Web Speech API
+
{{domxref ("Window.status")}}
+
รับ / ตั้งค่าข้อความในแถบสถานะที่ด้านล่างของเบราว์เซอร์
+
{{domxref ("Window.statusbar")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนออบเจ็กต์แถบสถานะซึ่งสามารถสลับการเปิดเผยได้ในหน้าต่าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.toolbar")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนอ็อบเจ็กต์แถบเครื่องมือซึ่งสามารถสลับการเปิดเผยได้ในหน้าต่าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.top")}} {{readOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังหน้าต่างที่อยู่บนสุดในลำดับชั้นของหน้าต่าง คุณสมบัตินี้เป็นแบบอ่านอย่างเดียว
+
{{domxref ("Window.visualViewport")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{trial_inline}}
+
ส่งคืนออบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("VisualViewport")}} ซึ่งแสดงถึงวิวพอร์ตภาพสำหรับหน้าต่างที่กำหนด
+
{{domxref ("Window.window")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังหน้าต่างปัจจุบัน
+
window[0], window[1]ฯลฯ
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงไปยังwindowวัตถุในเฟรม ดูรายละเอียดเพิ่มเติมที่ {{domxref ("Window.frames")}}
+
+ +

คุณสมบัติดำเนินการจากที่อื่น

+ +
+
{{domxref ("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.caches")}} {{readOnlyinline}}
+
ส่งคืนอ็อบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("CacheStorage")}} ที่เชื่อมโยงกับบริบทปัจจุบัน อ็อบเจ็กต์นี้เปิดใช้งานฟังก์ชันต่างๆเช่นการจัดเก็บเนื้อหาสำหรับการใช้งานออฟไลน์และสร้างการตอบสนองที่กำหนดเองสำหรับคำขอ
+
{{domxref ("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.indexedDB")}} {{readonlyInline}}
+
จัดเตรียมกลไกสำหรับแอปพลิเคชันเพื่อเข้าถึงความสามารถของฐานข้อมูลที่ทำดัชนีแบบอะซิงโครนัส ส่งคืนอ็อบเจ็กต์ {{domxref ("IDBFactory")}}
+
{{domxref ("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.isSecureContext")}} {{readOnlyinline}}
+
ส่งคืนบูลีนที่ระบุว่าบริบทปัจจุบันปลอดภัย ( true) หรือไม่ ( false)
+
{{domxref ("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.origin")}} {{readOnlyinline}}
+
ส่งคืนจุดเริ่มต้นของวัตถุส่วนกลางโดยจัดลำดับเป็นสตริง (สิ่งนี้ยังไม่ปรากฏในเบราว์เซอร์ใด ๆ )
+
+ +

คุณสมบัติที่ไม่รองรับ

+ +
+
{{domxref ("Window.content")}} และWindow._content{{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
ส่งคืนการอ้างอิงถึงองค์ประกอบเนื้อหาในหน้าต่างปัจจุบัน ตั้งแต่ Firefox 57 (เริ่มต้นใช้งานเฉพาะคืนเท่านั้น) ทั้งสองเวอร์ชันมีให้ใช้งานจากรหัสโครเมี่ยม (สิทธิพิเศษ) เท่านั้นและไม่สามารถใช้งานบนเว็บได้อีกต่อไป
+
{{domxref ("Window.defaultStatus")}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
รับ / ตั้งค่าข้อความแถบสถานะสำหรับหน้าต่างที่กำหนด
+
{{domxref ("Window.dialogArguments")}} {{deprecated_inline}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
รับอาร์กิวเมนต์ที่ส่งผ่านไปยังหน้าต่าง (หากเป็นกล่องโต้ตอบ) เมื่อมีการเรียก {{domxref ("window.showModalDialog ()")}} นี่คือ {{Interface ("nsIArray")}}
+
{{domxref ("Window.directories")}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
คำพ้องความหมายของ {{domxref ("window.personalbar")}}
+
{{domxref ("Window.globalStorage")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
อ็อบเจ็กต์หน่วยเก็บข้อมูลจำนวนมากที่ใช้สำหรับจัดเก็บข้อมูลในหลายเพจ
+
{{domxref ("Window.mozAnimationStartTime")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
เวลาในหน่วยมิลลิวินาทีนับตั้งแต่ยุคที่วงจรการเคลื่อนไหวปัจจุบันเริ่มต้นขึ้น ใช้ {{domxref ("Animation.startTime")}} แทน
+
{{domxref ("Window.mozPaintCount")}} {{non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
ส่งคืนจำนวนครั้งที่เอกสารปัจจุบันถูกแสดงบนหน้าจอในหน้าต่างนี้ สามารถใช้เพื่อคำนวณประสิทธิภาพการแสดงผล
+
{{domxref ("Window.orientation")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
ส่งคืนการวางแนวเป็นองศา (เพิ่มขึ้นทีละ 90 องศา) ของวิวพอร์ตที่สัมพันธ์กับการวางแนวตามธรรมชาติของอุปกรณ์
+
{{domxref ("Window.pkcs11")}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
เดิมให้การเข้าถึงเพื่อติดตั้งและลบโมดูล PKCS11
+
{{domxref ("Window.returnValue")}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
ค่าส่งคืนที่จะส่งกลับไปยังฟังก์ชันที่เรียกว่า {{domxref ("window.showModalDialog ()")}} เพื่อแสดงหน้าต่างเป็นกล่องโต้ตอบโมดอล
+
+ +

วิธีการ

+ +

อินเทอร์เฟซนี้สืบทอดเมธอดจากอินเทอร์เฟซ {{domxref ("EventTarget")}} และใช้เมธอดจาก {{domxref ("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope")}} และ {{domxref ("EventTarget")}}

+ +
+
{{domxref ("Window.alert ()")}}
+
แสดงกล่องโต้ตอบการแจ้งเตือน
+
{{domxref ("Window.blur ()")}}
+
ตั้งโฟกัสให้ห่างจากหน้าต่าง
+
{{domxref ("Window.cancelAnimationFrame ()")}} {{trial_inline}}
+
ช่วยให้คุณสามารถยกเลิกการโทรกลับที่กำหนดไว้ก่อนหน้านี้ด้วย {{domxref ("Window.requestAnimationFrame")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.cancelIdleCallback()")}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Enables you to cancel a callback previously scheduled with {{domxref("Window.requestIdleCallback")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.clearImmediate()")}}
+
Cancels the repeated execution set using setImmediate.
+
{{domxref("Window.close()")}}
+
Closes the current window.
+
{{domxref("Window.confirm()")}}
+
Displays a dialog with a message that the user needs to respond to.
+
{{domxref("Window.dump()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Writes a message to the console.
+
{{domxref("Window.find()")}}
+
Searches for a given string in a window.
+
{{domxref("Window.focus()")}}
+
Sets focus on the current window.
+
{{domxref("Window.getComputedStyle()")}}
+
Gets computed style for the specified element. Computed style indicates the computed values of all CSS properties of the element.
+
{{domxref("Window.getDefaultComputedStyle()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Gets default computed style for the specified element, ignoring author stylesheets.
+
{{domxref("Window.getSelection()")}}
+
Returns the selection object representing the selected item(s).
+
{{domxref("Window.matchMedia()")}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("MediaQueryList")}} object representing the specified media query string.
+
{{domxref("Window.maximize()")}}
+
{{todo("NeedsContents")}}
+
{{domxref("Window.minimize()")}} (top-level XUL windows only)
+
Minimizes the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.moveBy()")}}
+
Moves the current window by a specified amount.
+
{{domxref("Window.moveTo()")}}
+
Moves the window to the specified coordinates.
+
{{domxref("Window.open()")}}
+
Opens a new window.
+
{{domxref("Window.postMessage()")}}
+
Provides a secure means for one window to send a string of data to another window, which need not be within the same domain as the first.
+
{{domxref("Window.print()")}}
+
Opens the Print Dialog to print the current document.
+
{{domxref("Window.prompt()")}}
+
Returns the text entered by the user in a prompt dialog.
+
{{domxref("Window.requestAnimationFrame()")}}
+
Tells the browser that an animation is in progress, requesting that the browser schedule a repaint of the window for the next animation frame.
+
{{domxref("Window.requestIdleCallback()")}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
Enables the scheduling of tasks during a browser's idle periods.
+
{{domxref("Window.resizeBy()")}}
+
Resizes the current window by a certain amount.
+
{{domxref("Window.resizeTo()")}}
+
Dynamically resizes window.
+
{{domxref("Window.scroll()")}}
+
Scrolls the window to a particular place in the document.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollBy()")}}
+
Scrolls the document in the window by the given amount.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollByLines()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Scrolls the document by the given number of lines.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollByPages()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Scrolls the current document by the specified number of pages.
+
{{domxref("Window.scrollTo()")}}
+
Scrolls to a particular set of coordinates in the document.
+
{{domxref("Window.setImmediate()")}}
+
Executes a function after the browser has finished other heavy tasks
+
{{domxref("Window.setResizable()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Toggles a user's ability to resize a window.
+
{{domxref("Window.sizeToContent()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Sizes the window according to its content.
+
{{domxref("Window.stop()")}}
+
This method stops window loading.
+
{{domxref("Window.updateCommands()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}
+
Updates the state of commands of the current chrome window (UI).
+
+ +

Methods implemented from elsewhere

+ +
+
{{domxref("EventTarget.addEventListener()")}}
+
Register an event handler to a specific event type on the window.
+
{{domxref("EventTarget.dispatchEvent()")}}
+
Used to trigger an event.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.atob()")}}
+
Decodes a string of data which has been encoded using base-64 encoding.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.btoa()")}}
+
Creates a base-64 encoded ASCII string from a string of binary data.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.clearInterval()")}}
+
Cancels the repeated execution set using {{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setInterval()")}}.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.clearTimeout()")}}
+
Cancels the delayed execution set using {{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setTimeout()")}}.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.createImageBitmap()")}}
+
Accepts a variety of different image sources, and returns a {{domxref("Promise")}} which resolves to an {{domxref("ImageBitmap")}}. Optionally the source is cropped to the rectangle of pixels originating at (sx, sy) with width sw, and height sh.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.fetch()")}}
+
Starts the process of fetching a resource from the network.
+
{{domxref("EventTarget.removeEventListener")}}
+
Removes an event listener from the window.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setInterval()")}}
+
Schedules a function to execute every time a given number of milliseconds elapses.
+
{{domxref("WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope.setTimeout()")}}
+
Schedules a function to execute in a given amount of time.
+
+ +

Deprecated methods

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window.back()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Moves back one in the window history. This method is deprecated; you should instead use {{domxref("History.back", "window.history.back()")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.captureEvents()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Registers the window to capture all events of the specified type.
+
{{domxref("Window.forward()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Moves the window one document forward in the history. This method is deprecated; you should instead use {{domxref("History.forward", "window.history.forward()")}}.
+
{{domxref("Window.getAttention()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Flashes the application icon.
+
{{domxref("Window.home()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Returns the browser to the home page.
+
{{domxref("Window.openDialog()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Opens a new dialog window.
+
{{domxref("Window.releaseEvents()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Releases the window from trapping events of a specific type.
+
{{domxref("Window.showModalDialog()")}} {{Non-standard_inline}} {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Displays a modal dialog.
+
+ +

Event handlers

+ +

These are properties of the window object that can be set to establish event handlers for the various things that can happen in the window that might be of interest.

+ +

This interface inherits event handlers from the {{domxref("EventTarget")}} interface and implements event handlers from {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers")}}.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window.onappinstalled")}}
+
Called when the page is installed as a webapp. See {{domxref("Window/appinstalled_event", "appinstalled")}} event.
+
{{domxref("Window.onbeforeinstallprompt")}}
+
An event handler property dispatched before a user is prompted to save a web site to a home screen on mobile.
+
{{domxref("Window.ondevicelight")}}
+
An event handler property for any ambient light levels changes
+
{{domxref("Window.ondevicemotion")}}
+
Called if accelerometer detects a change (For mobile devices)
+
{{domxref("Window.ondeviceorientation")}}
+
Called when the orientation is changed (For mobile devices)
+
{{domxref("Window.ondeviceorientationabsolute")}} {{non-standard_inline}}
+
An event handler property for any device orientation changes.
+
{{domxref("Window.ondeviceproximity")}}
+
An event handler property for device proximity event
+
{{domxref("Window.ongamepadconnected")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a gamepad is connected (when the {{event('gamepadconnected')}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.ongamepaddisconnected")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a gamepad is disconnected (when the {{event('gamepaddisconnected')}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onmozbeforepaint")}}
+
An event handler property for the MozBeforePaint event, which is sent before repainting the window if the event has been requested by a call to the {{domxref("Window.mozRequestAnimationFrame()")}} method.
+
{{domxref("Window.onpaint")}}
+
An event handler property for paint events on the window.
+
{{domxref("Window.onrejectionhandled")}}
+
An event handler for handled {{jsxref("Promise")}} rejection events.
+
{{domxref("Window.onuserproximity")}}
+
An event handler property for user proximity events.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayconnect")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a compatible VR device has been connected to the computer (when the {{event("vrdisplayconnected")}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplaydisconnect")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a compatible VR device has been disconnected from the computer (when the {{event("vrdisplaydisconnected")}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayactivate")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a display is able to be presented to (when the {{event("vrdisplayactivate")}} event fires), for example if an HMD has been moved to bring it out of standby, or woken up by being put on.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplaydeactivate")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when a display can no longer be presented to (when the {{event("vrdisplaydeactivate")}} event fires), for example if an HMD has gone into standby or sleep mode due to a period of inactivity.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayblur")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when presentation to a display has been paused for some reason by the browser, OS, or VR hardware (when the {{event("vrdisplayblur")}} event fires) — for example, while the user is interacting with a system menu or browser, to prevent tracking or loss of experience.
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplayfocus")}}
+
Represents an event handler that will run when presentation to a display has resumed after being blurred (when the {{event("vrdisplayfocus")}} event fires).
+
{{domxref("Window.onvrdisplaypresentchange")}}
+
represents an event handler that will run when the presenting state of a VR device changes — i.e. goes from presenting to not presenting, or vice versa (when the {{event("vrdisplaypresentchange")}} event fires).
+
+ +

Event handlers implemented from elsewhere

+ +
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onabort")}}
+
Called when the loading of a resource has been aborted, such as by a user canceling the load while it is still in progress
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onafterprint")}}
+
Called when the print dialog box is closed. See {{event("afterprint")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onbeforeprint")}}
+
Called when the print dialog box is opened. See {{event("beforeprint")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onbeforeunload")}}
+
An event handler property for before-unload events on the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onblur")}}
+
Called after the window loses focus, such as due to a popup.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onchange")}}
+
An event handler property for change events on the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onclick")}}
+
Called after the ANY mouse button is pressed & released
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.ondblclick")}}
+
Called when a double click is made with ANY mouse button.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onclose")}}
+
Called after the window is closed
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.oncontextmenu")}}
+
Called when the RIGHT mouse button is pressed
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onerror")}}
+
Called when a resource fails to load OR when an error occurs at runtime. See {{event("error")}} event.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onfocus")}}
+
Called after the window receives or regains focus. See {{event("focus")}} events.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onhashchange")}}
+
An event handler property for {{event('hashchange')}} events on the window; called when the part of the URL after the hash mark ("#") changes.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.oninput")}}
+
Called when the value of an <input> element changes
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onkeydown")}}
+
Called when you begin pressing ANY key. See {{event("keydown")}} event.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onkeypress")}}
+
Called when a key (except Shift, Fn, and CapsLock) is in pressed position. See {{event("keypress")}} event.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onkeyup")}}
+
Called when you finish releasing ANY key. See {{event("keyup")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onlanguagechange")}}
+
An event handler property for {{event("languagechange")}} events on the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onload")}}
+
Called after all resources and the DOM are fully loaded. WILL NOT get called when the page is loaded from cache, such as with back button.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onmessage")}}
+
Is an {{domxref("EventHandler")}} representing the code to be called when the {{event("message")}} event is raised.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmousedown")}}
+
Called when ANY mouse button is pressed.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmousemove")}}
+
Called continously when the mouse is moved inside the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseout")}}
+
Called when the pointer leaves the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseover")}}
+
Called when the pointer enters the window
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onmouseup")}}
+
Called when ANY mouse button is released
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onoffline")}}
+
Called when network connection is lost. See {{event("offline")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.ononline")}}
+
Called when network connection is established. See {{event("online")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onpagehide")}}
+
Called when the user navigates away from the page, before the onunload event. See {{event("pagehide")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onpageshow")}}
+
Called after all resources and the DOM are fully loaded. See {{event("pageshow")}} event.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onpopstate")}}
+
Called when a back button is pressed.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onreset")}}
+
Called when a form is reset
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onresize")}}
+
Called continuously as you are resizing the window.
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onscroll")}}
+
Called when the scroll bar is moved via ANY means. If the resource fully fits in the window, then this event cannot be invoked
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onwheel")}}
+
Called when the mouse wheel is rotated around any axis
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onselect")}}
+
Called after text in an input field is selected
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onselectionchange")}}
+
Is an {{domxref("EventHandler")}} representing the code to be called when the {{event("selectionchange")}} event is raised.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onstorage")}}
+
Called when there is a change in session storage or local storage. See {{event("storage")}} event
+
{{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers.onsubmit")}}
+
Called when a form is submitted
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onunhandledrejection")}} {{experimental_inline}}
+
An event handler for unhandled {{jsxref("Promise")}} rejection events.
+
{{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onunload")}}
+
Called when the user navigates away from the page.
+
+ +

Events

+ +

Listen to these events using addEventListener() or by assigning an event listener to the oneventname property of this interface.

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/error_event", "error")}}
+
Fired when a resource failed to load, or can't be used. For example, if a script has an execution error or an image can't be found or is invalid.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onerror", "onerror")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/languagechange_event", "languagechange")}}
+
Fired at the global scope object when the user's preferred language changes.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onlanguagechange", "onlanguagechange")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/orientationchange_event", "orientationchange")}}
+
Fired when the orientation of the device has changed.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onorientationchange", "onorientationchange")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/devicemotion_event", "devicemotion")}}
+
Fired at a regular interval, indicating the amount of physical force of acceleration the device is receiving and the rate of rotation, if available.
+
{{domxref("Window/deviceorientation_event", "deviceorientation")}}
+
Fired when fresh data is available from the magnetometer orientation sensor about the current orientation of the device as compared to the Earth coordinate frame.
+
{{domxref("Document/defaultView/resize_event", "resize")}}
+
Fired when the window has been resized.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onresize", "onresize")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Document/defaultView/storage_event", "storage")}}
+
Fired when a storage area (localStorage or sessionStorage) has been modified in the context of another document.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onstorage", "onstorage")}} property.
+
+ +

Animation events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/animationcancel_event", "animationcancel")}}
+
Fired when an animation unexpectedly aborts.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onanimationcancel", "onanimationcancel")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/animationend_event", "animationend")}}
+
Fired when an animation has completed normally.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onanimationend", "onanimationend")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/animationiteration_event", "animationiteration")}}
+
Fired when an animation iteration has completed.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onanimationiteration", "onanimationiteration")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/animationstart_event", "animationstart")}}
+
Fired when an animation starts.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onanimationstart", "onanimationstart")}} property.
+
+ +

Clipboard events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/clipboardchange_event", "clipboardchange")}}
+
Fired when the system clipboard content changes.
+
{{domxref("Window/copy_event", "copy")}}
+
Fired when the user initiates a copy action through the browser's user interface.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("HTMLElement/oncopy", "oncopy")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/cut_event", "cut")}}
+
Fired when the user initiates a cut action through the browser's user interface.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("HTMLElement/oncut", "oncut")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/paste_event", "paste")}}
+
Fired when the user initiates a paste action through the browser's user interface.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("HTMLElement/onpaste", "onpaste")}} property.
+
+ +

Connection events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/offline_event", "offline")}}
+
Fired when the browser has lost access to the network and the value of navigator.onLine has switched to false.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.onoffline", "onoffline")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/online_event", "online ")}}
+
Fired when the browser has gained access to the network and the value of navigator.onLine has switched to true.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers.ononline", "ononline")}} property.
+
+ +

Focus events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/blur_event", "blur")}}
+
Fired when an element has lost focus.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onblur", "onblur")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/focus_event", "focus")}}
+
Fired when an element has gained focus.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onfocus", "onfocus")}} property
+
+ +

Gamepad events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/gamepadconnected_event", "gamepadconnected")}}
+
Fired when the browser detects that a gamepad has been connected or the first time a button/axis of the gamepad is used.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/ongamepadconnected", "ongamepadconnected")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/gamepaddisconnected_event", "gamepaddisconnected")}}
+
Fired when the browser detects that a gamepad has been disconnected.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/ongamepaddisconnected", "ongamepaddisconnected")}} property
+
+ +

History events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/hashchange_event", "hashchange")}}
+
Fired when the fragment identifier of the URL has changed (the part of the URL beginning with and following the # symbol).
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onhashchange", "onhashchange")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/pagehide_event", "pagehide")}}
+
Sent when the browser hides the current document while in the process of switching to displaying in its place a different document from the session's history. This happens, for example, when the user clicks the Back button or when they click the Forward button to move ahead in session history.
+ Also available through the onpagehide event handler property.
+
{{domxref("Window/pageshow_event", "pageshow")}}
+
Sent when the browser makes the document visible due to navigation tasks, including not only when the page is first loaded, but also situations such as the user navigating back to the page after having navigated to another within the same tab.
+ Also available using the onpageshow event handler property.
+
{{domxref("Window/popstate_event", "popstate")}}
+
Fired when the active history entry changes.
+ Also available using the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onpopstate", "onpopstate")}} event handler property.
+
+ +

Load & unload events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/beforeunload_event", "beforeunload")}}
+
Fired when the window, the document and its resources are about to be unloaded.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onbeforeunload", "onbeforeunload")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/DOMContentLoaded_event", "DOMContentLoaded")}}
+
Fired when the document has been completely loaded and parsed, without waiting for stylesheets, images, and subframes to finish loading.
+
{{domxref("Window/load_event", "load")}}
+
Fired when the whole page has loaded, including all dependent resources such as stylesheets images.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/onload", "onload")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/unload_event", "unload")}}
+
Fired when the document or a child resource is being unloaded.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onunload", "onunload")}} property.
+
+ +

Manifest events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/appinstalled_event", "appinstalled")}}
+
Fired when the browser has successfully installed a page as an application.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onappinstalled", "onappinstalled")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/beforeinstallprompt_event", "beforeinstallprompt")}}
+
Fired when a user is about to be prompted to install a web application.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onbeforeinstallprompt", "onbeforeinstallprompt")}} property.
+
+ +

Messaging events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/message_event", "message")}}
+
Fired when the window receives a message, for example from a call to {{domxref("Window/postMessage", "Window.postMessage()")}} from another browsing context.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onmessage", "onmessage")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/messageerror_event", "messageerror")}}
+
Fired when a Window object receives a message that can't be deserialized.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onmessageerror", "onmessageerror")}} property.
+
+ + + +
+
{{domxref("Window/afterprint_event", "afterprint")}}
+
Fired after the associated document has started printing or the print preview has been closed.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onafterprint", "onafterprint")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/beforeprint_event", "beforeprint")}}
+
Fired when the associated document is about to be printed or previewed for printing.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onbeforeprint", "onbeforeprint")}} property.
+
+ +

Promise rejection events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/rejectionhandled_event", "rejectionhandled")}}
+
Sent every time a JavaScript {{jsxref("Promise")}} is rejected, regardless of whether or not there is a handler in place to catch the rejection.
+ Also available through the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onrejectionhandled", "onrejectionhandled")}} event handler property.
+
{{domxref("Window/unhandledrejection_event", "unhandledrejection")}}
+
Sent when a JavaScript {{jsxref("Promise")}} is rejected but there is no handler in place to catch the rejection.
+ Also available using the {{domxref("WindowEventHandlers/onunhandledrejection", "onunhandledrejection")}} event handler property.
+
+ +

Transition events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/transitioncancel_event", "transitioncancel")}}
+
Fired when a CSS transition is canceled.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/ontransitioncancel", "ontransitioncancel")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/transitionend_event", "transitionend")}}
+
Fired when a CSS transition has completed.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/ontransitionend", "ontransitionend")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/transitionrun_event", "transitionrun")}}
+
Fired when a CSS transition is first created.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/ontransitionrun", "ontransitionrun")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/transitionstart_event", "transitionstart")}}
+
Fired when a CSS transition has actually started.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("GlobalEventHandlers/ontransitionstart", "ontransitionstart")}} property.
+
+ +

WebVR events

+ +
+
{{domxref("Window/vrdisplayactivate_event", "vrdisplayactivate")}}
+
Fired when a VR display becomes available to be presented to, for example if an HMD has been moved to bring it out of standby, or woken up by being put on.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onvrdisplayactivate", "onvrdisplayactivate")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/vrdisplayblur_event", "vrdisplayblur")}}
+
Fired when presentation to a VR display has been paused for some reason by the browser, OS, or VR hardware.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onvrdisplayblur", "onvrdisplayblur")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/vrdisplayconnect_event", "vrdisplayconnect")}}
+
Fired when a compatible VR display is connected to the computer.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onvrdisplayconnect", "onvrdisplayconnect")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/vrdisplaydeactivate_event", "vrdisplaydeactivate")}}
+
Fired when a VR display can no longer be presented to, for example if an HMD has gone into standby or sleep mode due to a period of inactivity.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onvrdisplaydeactivate", "onvrdisplaydeactivate")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/vrdisplaydisconnect_event", "vrdisplaydisconnect")}}
+
Fired when a compatible VR display is disconnected from the computer.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onvrdisplaydisconnect", "onvrdisplaydisconnect")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/vrdisplayfocus_event", "vrdisplayfocus")}}
+
Fired when presentation to a VR display has resumed after being blurred.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onvrdisplayfocus", "onvrdisplayfocus")}} property.
+
{{domxref("Window/vrdisplaypresentchange_event", "vrdisplaypresentchange")}}
+
Fired when the presenting state of a VR display changes — i.e. goes from presenting to not presenting, or vice versa.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("Window/onvrdisplaypresentchange", "onvrdisplaypresentchange")}} property.
+
{{domxref ("Window / vrdisplaypointerrestricted_event", "vrdisplaypointerrestricted")}}
+
ยิงเมื่อป้อนข้อมูลตัวชี้แสดงผล VR ของถูก จำกัด การบริโภคผ่านองค์ประกอบ pointerlocked
+ พร้อมใช้งานผ่านคุณสมบัติ {{domxref ("Window / onvrdisplaypointerrestricted", "onvrdisplaypointerrestricted")}}
+
{{domxref ("Window / vrdisplaypointerunrestricted_event", "vrdisplaypointerunrestricted")}}
+
ยิงเมื่อป้อนข้อมูลตัวชี้แสดงผล VR จะไม่ถูก จำกัด การบริโภคผ่านองค์ประกอบ pointerlocked
+ พร้อมใช้งานผ่านคุณสมบัติ {{domxref ("Window / onvrdisplaypointerunrestricted", "onvrdisplaypointerunrestricted")}}
+
+ +

อินเทอร์เฟซ

+ +

ดูDOM อ้างอิง

+ +

ความเข้ากันได้ของเบราว์เซอร์

+ + + +

{{Compat ("api.Window")}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/api/xmlhttprequest/index.html b/files/th/web/api/xmlhttprequest/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..fdf5705218 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/xmlhttprequest/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ +--- +title: XMLHttpRequest +slug: Web/API/XMLHttpRequest +translation_of: Web/API/XMLHttpRequest +--- +
{{APIRef("XMLHttpRequest") } }
+ +

ใช้วัตถุ (XHR) เพื่อโต้ตอบกับเซิร์ฟเวอร์ คุณสามารถดึงข้อมูลจาก URL โดยไม่ต้องทำการฟื้นฟูเต็มหน้า เว็บเพจการปรับปรุงเพียงบางส่วนของหน้าโดยไม่กระทบกับสิ่งที่ผู้ใช้จะทำได้XMLHttpRequest XMLHttpRequest ใช้มากใน {{Glossary("AJAX") } } เขียนโปรแกรม

+ +

{{InheritanceDiagram (650, 150) } }

+ +

แม้จะชื่อ สามารถใช้ในการดึงข้อมูลทุกประเภทของข้อมูล XML ไม่เพียงXMLHttpRequest

+ +

ถ้าจำเป็นต้องเกี่ยวข้องกับการได้รับข้อมูลเหตุการณ์หรือข้อความจากเซิร์ฟเวอร์สื่อสารของคุณ ลองใช้กิจกรรมเซิร์ฟเวอร์ส่งผ่านอินเทอร์เฟซ {{domxref("EventSource") } } สำหรับเพล็กซ์การสื่อสารWebSocketsอาจเป็นทางเลือกที่ดี

+ +

Constructor

+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.XMLHttpRequest", "XMLHttpRequest()")}}
+
The constructor initializes an XMLHttpRequest. It must be called before any other method calls.
+
+ +

Properties

+ +

This interface also inherits properties of {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget")}} and of {{domxref("EventTarget")}}.

+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.onreadystatechange")}}
+
An {{domxref("EventHandler")}} that is called whenever the attribute changes.readyState
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.readyState")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns an , the state of the request.unsigned short
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.response")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns an {{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}}, {{domxref("Blob")}}, {{domxref("Document")}}, JavaScript object, or a {{domxref("DOMString")}}, depending on the value of {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.responseType")}}, that contains the response entity body.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.responseText")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("DOMString")}} that contains the response to the request as text, or if the request was unsuccessful or has not yet been sent.null
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.responseType")}}
+
Is an enumerated value that defines the response type.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.responseURL")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns the serialized URL of the response or the empty string if the URL is null.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.responseXML")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("Document")}} containing the response to the request, or if the request was unsuccessful, has not yet been sent, or cannot be parsed as XML or HTML. Not available in workers.null
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.status")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns an with the status of the response of the request.unsigned short
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.statusText")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Returns a {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing the response string returned by the HTTP server. Unlike {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.status")}}, this includes the entire text of the response message ("", for example).200 OK
+
+ +
+

Note: According to the HTTP/2 specification (8.1.2.4 Response Pseudo-Header Fields), HTTP/2 does not define a way to carry the version or reason phrase that is included in an HTTP/1.1 status line.

+
+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.timeout")}}
+
Is an representing the number of milliseconds a request can take before automatically being terminated.unsigned long
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget.ontimeout")}}
+
Is an {{domxref("EventHandler")}} that is called whenever the request times out. {{gecko_minversion_inline("12.0")}}
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.upload")}} {{readonlyinline}}
+
Is an {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestUpload")}}, representing the upload process.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.withCredentials")}}
+
Is a {{domxref("Boolean")}} that indicates whether or not cross-site requests should be made using credentials such as cookies or authorization headers.Access-Control
+
+ +

Non-standard properties

+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.channel")}}{{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Is a {{Interface("nsIChannel")}}. The channel used by the object when performing the request.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.mozAnon")}}{{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Is a boolean. If true, the request will be sent without cookie and authentication headers.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.mozSystem")}}{{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
Is a boolean. If true, the same origin policy will not be enforced on the request.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.mozBackgroundRequest")}}
+
Is a boolean. It indicates whether or not the object represents a background service request.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.mozResponseArrayBuffer")}}{{gecko_minversion_inline("2.0")}} {{obsolete_inline("6")}} {{ReadOnlyInline}}
+
{{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}}. The response to the request, as a JavaScript typed array.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.multipart")}}{{obsolete_inline("22")}}
+
This Gecko-only feature, a boolean, was removed in Firefox/Gecko 22. Please use Server-Sent Events, Web Sockets, or from progress events instead.responseText
+
+ +

Event handlers

+ +

onreadystatechange as a property of the instance is supported in all browsers.XMLHttpRequest

+ +

Since then, a number of additional event handlers have been implemented in various browsers (, , , etc.). See Using XMLHttpRequest.onloadonerroronprogress

+ +

More recent browsers, including Firefox, also support listening to the events via standard {{domxref("EventTarget.addEventListener", "addEventListener()")}} APIs in addition to setting properties to a handler function.XMLHttpRequeston*

+ +

Methods

+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.abort()")}}
+
Aborts the request if it has already been sent.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.getAllResponseHeaders()")}}
+
Returns all the response headers, separated by {{Glossary("CRLF")}}, as a string, or if no response has been received.null
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.getResponseHeader()")}}
+
Returns the string containing the text of the specified header, or if either the response has not yet been received or the header doesn't exist in the response.null
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.open()")}}
+
Initializes a request. This method is to be used from JavaScript code; to initialize a request from native code, use openRequest() instead.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.overrideMimeType()")}}
+
Overrides the MIME type returned by the server.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.send()")}}
+
Sends the request. If the request is asynchronous (which is the default), this method returns as soon as the request is sent.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.setRequestHeader()")}}
+
Sets the value of an HTTP request header. You must call after open(), but before .setRequestHeader()send()
+
+ +

Non-standard methods

+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.init()")}}
+
Initializes the object for use from C++ code.
+
+ +
Warning: This method must not be called from JavaScript.
+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.openRequest()")}}
+
Initializes a request. This method is to be used from native code; to initialize a request from JavaScript code, use open() instead. See the documentation for .open()
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.sendAsBinary()")}}{{deprecated_inline()}}
+
A variant of the method that sends binary data.send()
+
+ +

Events

+ +
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/abort_event", "abort")}}
+
Fired when a request has been aborted, for example because the program called {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.abort()")}}.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget/onabort", "onabort")}} property.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/error_event", "error")}}
+
Fired when the request encountered an error.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget/onerror", "onerror")}} property.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/load_event", "load")}}
+
Fired when an {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest")}} transaction completes successfully.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget/onload", "onload")}} property.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/loadend_event", "loadend")}}
+
Fired when a request has completed, whether successfully (after {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/load_event", "load")}}) or unsuccessfully (after {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/abort_event", "abort")}} or {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/error_event", "error")}}).
+ Also available via the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget/onloadend", "onloadend")}} property.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/loadstart_event", "loadstart")}}
+
Fired when a request has started to load data.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget/onloadstart", "onloadstart")}} property.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/progress_event", "progress")}}
+
Fired periodically when a request receives more data.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget/onprogress", "onprogress")}} property.
+
{{domxref("XMLHttpRequest/timeout_event", "timeout")}}
+
Fired when progress is terminated due to preset time expiring.
+ Also available via the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequestEventTarget/ontimeout", "ontimeout")}} property.
+
+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('XMLHttpRequest')}}{{Spec2('XMLHttpRequest')}}Live standard, latest version
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +
{{Compat("api.XMLHttpRequest")}}
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/api/xrreferencespacetype/index.html b/files/th/web/api/xrreferencespacetype/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..924dc67251 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/api/xrreferencespacetype/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +--- +title: XRReferenceSpaceType +slug: Web/API/XRReferenceSpaceType +translation_of: Web/API/XRReferenceSpaceType +--- +

{{APIRef("WebXR Device API")}}

+ +

The XRReferenceSpaceType enumerated type defines the strings which identify the types of reference spaces supported by WebXR. This type is used when calling the {{domxref("XRSession.requestReferenceSpace", "requestReferenceSpace()")}} method to obtain a reference space for an {{domxref("XRSession")}}.

+ +

Values

+ +

The reference space returned by {{domxref("XRSession.requestReferenceSpace()")}} is either {{domxref("XRReferenceSpace")}} or {{domxref("XRBoundedReferenceSpace")}}. The "Interface" column in the table below indicates which of the two types is returned for each reference space type constant.

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
XRReferenceSpaceTypeDescriptionInterface
bounded-floorSimilar to the local type, except the user is not expected to move outside a predetermined boundary, given by the {{domxref("XRBoundedReferenceSpace.boundsGeometry", "boundsGeometry")}} in the returned object.{{domxref("XRBoundedReferenceSpace")}}
local +

A tracking space whose native origin is located near the viewer's position at the time the session was created. The exact position depends on the underlying platform and implementation. The user isn't expected to move much if at all beyond their starting position, and tracking is optimized for this use case.

+ +

For devices with six degrees of freedom (6DoF) tracking, the local reference space tries to keep the origin stable relative to the environment.

+ 		{{domxref("XRReferenceSpace")}}
local-floorSimilar to the local type, except the starting position is placed in a safe location for the viewer to stand, where the value of the y axis is 0 at floor level. If that floor level isn't known, the {{Glossary("user agent")}} will estimate the floor level. If the estimated floor level is non-zero, the browser is expected to round it such a way as to avoid fingerprinting (likely to the nearest centimeter).{{domxref("XRReferenceSpace")}}
unboundedA tracking space which allows the user total freedom of movement, possibly over extremely long distances from their origin point. The viewer isn't tracked at all; tracking is optimized for stability around the user's current position, so the native origin may drift as needed to accommodate that need.{{domxref("XRReferenceSpace")}}
viewerพื้นที่ติดตามที่แหล่งกำเนิดดั้งเดิมติดตามตำแหน่งและทิศทางของผู้ดู สิ่งนี้ใช้สำหรับสภาพแวดล้อมที่ผู้ใช้สามารถย้ายไปรอบ ๆ ทางกายภาพและได้รับการสนับสนุนโดย {{domxref ("XRSession")}} ทั้งหมดทั้งที่ดื่มด่ำและอินไลน์แม้ว่าจะมีประโยชน์มากที่สุดสำหรับเซสชันอินไลน์ มันมีประโยชน์อย่างยิ่งเมื่อกำหนดระยะห่างระหว่างวิวเวอร์กับอินพุตหรือเมื่อทำงานกับออฟเซ็ตเว้นวรรค มิฉะนั้นโดยทั่วไปหนึ่งในประเภทพื้นที่อ้างอิงอื่น ๆ จะถูกใช้บ่อยกว่า{{domxref ( "XRReferenceSpace")}}
+
+ +

ข้อมูลจำเพาะ

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
สเปคสถานะคิดเห็น
{{SpecName ( 'WebXR', '# enumdef-xrreferencespacetype', 'XRReferenceSpaceType')}}{{Spec2 ( 'WebXR')}}คำจำกัดความเบื้องต้น
+ +

ความเข้ากันได้ของเบราว์เซอร์

+ +

{{compat ( "api.XRReferenceSpaceType")}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/css/index.html b/files/th/web/css/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..15b34c9be5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/css/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +--- +title: CSS +slug: Web/CSS +tags: + - CSS + - Landing + - Reference + - TopicStub + - การออกแบบ + - การอ้างอิง + - ต้องการการแปล + - เค้าโครง +translation_of: Web/CSS +--- +
{{CSSRef}}
+ +

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in HTML or XML (including XML dialects such as SVG, MathML or {{Glossary("XHTML", "", 1)}}). CSS describes how elements should be rendered on screen, on paper, in speech, or on other media.

+ +

CSS is one of the core languages of the open Web and is standardized across Web browsers according to the W3C specification. Developed in levels, CSS1 is now obsolete, CSS2.1 is a recommendation, and CSS3, now split into smaller modules, is progressing on the standardization track.

+ +
+ + +
+
+

Tutorials

+ +

Our CSS Learning Area features multiple modules that teach CSS from the ground up — no previous knowledge required.

+ +
+
Introduction to CSS
+
This module starts with the basics of how CSS works, including selectors and properties, writing CSS rules, applying CSS to HTML, how to specify length, color, and other units in CSS, cascade and inheritance, box model basics, and debugging CSS.
+
Styling text
+
This module discusses text styling fundamentals, including setting fonts, boldness, italics, line and letter spacing, text drop shadows, and other text properties. This module finishes with applying custom fonts to your page, and styling lists and links.
+
Styling boxes
+
This module looks at styling boxes, one of the fundamental steps towards laying out a web page. In this module we recap the box model, then look at controlling box layouts by setting margins, borders, and padding, custom background colors, images and other features, and fancy features such as drop shadows and filters on boxes.
+
CSS layout
+
At this point we've already looked at CSS fundamentals, how to style text, and how to style and manipulate the boxes that your content sits inside. Now it's time to look at how to place your boxes in the right place in relation to the viewport, and one another. We have covered the necessary prerequisites so you can now dive deep into CSS layout, looking at different display settings, traditional layout methods involving float and positioning, and newfangled layout tools like flexbox.
+
+
+ +
+

Reference

+ + + +

Cookbook

+ +

The CSS layout cookbook aims to bring together recipes for common layout patterns, things you might need to implement in your own sites. In addition to providing code you can use as a starting point in your projects, these recipes highlight the different ways layout specifications can be used, and the choices you can make as a developer.

+ +

Tools for CSS development

+ + + +

Meta bugs

+ +
    +
  • Firefox: {{bug(1323667)}}
    • +
+
+
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/css/margin/index.html b/files/th/web/css/margin/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e0dc9d6183 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/css/margin/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ +--- +title: margin +slug: Web/CSS/margin +tags: + - CSS + - การอ้างอิง + - คุณสมบัติของ CSS +translation_of: Web/CSS/margin +--- +
{{CSSRef}}
+ +

สาระสำคัญ

+ +

คุณสมบัติ CSS margin ใช้ในการตั้งระยะขอบกั้นทั้งสี่ด้าน ซึ่งมีรูปย่อเพื่อหลีกเลี่ยงการตั้งแต่ละด้านที่แยกออกไปด้วยคุณสมบัติ margin อื่นๆ คือ: {{ Cssxref("margin-top") }}, {{ Cssxref("margin-right") }}, {{ Cssxref("margin-bottom") }} และ {{ Cssxref("margin-left") }}.

+ +

อนุญาตให้ใช้ค่าที่ติดลบได้

+ +

{{cssinfo}}

+ +

ไวยากรณ์

+ +
/* นำไปใช้กับสี่ด้าน */
+margin: 1em;
+
+/* ด้านแนวตั้ง | ด้านแนวนอน */
+margin: 5% auto;
+
+/* ด้านบน | ด้านแนวนอน | ด้านล่าง */
+margin: 1em auto 2em;
+
+/* ด้านบน | ด้านขวา | ด้านล่าง | ด้านซ้าย */
+margin: 2px 1em 0 auto;
+
+/* ค่า Global */
+margin: inherit;
+margin: initial;
+margin: unset;
+
+ +

ค่า

+ +

ยอมรับทั้งหนึ่ง สอง สาม หรือสี่ค่า ดังต่อไปนี้:

+ +
+
<ความยาว>
+
กำหนดความกว้างคงที่ อนุญาตให้ใช้ค่าที่ติดลบได้ ดูที่ {{cssxref("<length>")}} สำหรับหน่วยวัดที่ใช้ได้
+
<ร้อยละ>
+
ค่า {{cssxref("<percentage>")}} ที่สัมพันธ์กับ ความกว้าง ของภายในบล็อกนั้น อนุญาตให้ใช้ค่าที่ติดลบได้
+
auto
+
auto จะถูกแทนที่ด้วยบางค่าที่เหมาะสม เช่น สามารถใช้ในการจัดแนวบล็อก div ลูกให้อยู่กึ่งกลางตามแนวนอนภายใน div  แม่ได้ { width:50%;  margin:0 auto; } 
+
+ + + +

ไวยากรณ์ทั่วไป

+ +
{{csssyntax}}
+ +

ตัวอย่าง

+ +

ตัวอย่างอย่างง่าย

+ +

HTML

+ +
<div class="ex1">
+  margin:     auto;
+  background: gold;
+  width:      66%;
+</div>
+<div class="ex2">
+  margin:     20px 0 0 -20px;
+  background: gold;
+  width:      66%;
+</div>
+ +

CSS

+ +
.ex1 {
+  margin: auto;
+  background: gold;
+  width: 66%;
+}
+.ex2 {
+  margin: 20px 0px 0 -20px;
+  background: gold;
+  width: 66%;
+}
+ +

{{ EmbedLiveSample('Simple_example') }}

+ +

ตัวอย่างอื่นๆ

+ +
margin: 5%;                /* ระยะขอบกั้น 5% ทั้งหมด */
+
+margin: 10px;              /* ระยะขอบกั้น 10px ทั้งหมด */
+
+margin: 1.6em 20px;        /* ระยะขอบกั้นด้านบนและด้านล่าง 1.6em และ ด้านซ้ายและด้านขวา 20px */
+
+margin: 10px 3% 1em;       /* ระยะขอบกั้นด้านบน 10px ด้านซ้ายและด้านขวา 3% และด้านล่าง 1em */
+
+margin: 10px 3px 30px 5px; /* ระยะขอบกั้นด้านบน 10px ด้านขวา 3px ด้านล่าง 30px และด้านซ้าย 5px */
+
+margin: 1em auto;          /* ระยะขอบกั้นด้านบนและด้านล่าง 1em  และกล่องจะถูกจัดกึ่งกลางตามแนวนอน */
+
+margin: auto;              /* กล่องจะถูกจัดกึ่งกลางตามแนวนอน ระยะขอบกั้นด้านบนและด้านล่างเป็น 0 */
+
+ +

การจัดกึ่งกลางตามแนวนอนด้วย margin: 0 auto;

+ +

เพื่อทำให้บางสิ่งอยู่กึ่งกลางตามแนวนอนในเบราเซอร์สมัยใหม่ จะใช้ display: flex; justify-content: center; .

+ +

อย่างไรก็ตาม เบราเซอร์เก่าเช่น IE8-9 ยังไม่พร้อมใช้งาน ในการเรียงให้กึ่งกลางภายในอิลิเมนต์แม่ ให้ใช้ margin: 0 auto;

+ +

ข้อกำหนด

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ข้อกำหนดสถานะความเห็น
{{ SpecName('CSS3 Box', '#margin', 'margin') }}{{ Spec2('CSS3 Box') }}ไม่มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ
{{ SpecName('CSS3 Transitions', '#animatable-css', 'margin') }}{{ Spec2('CSS3 Transitions') }}กำหนดให้ margin สามารถเคลื่อนไหวได้
{{ SpecName('CSS2.1', 'box.html#margin-properties', 'margin') }}{{ Spec2('CSS2.1') }}Removes its effect on inline elements.
{{ SpecName('CSS1', '#margin', 'margin') }}{{ Spec2('CSS1') }}กำหนดนินามตั้งต้น
+ +

ความกันได้ของเบราเซอร์

+ +

{{CompatibilityTable}}

+ +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
คุณลักษณะChromeEdgeFirefox (Gecko)Internet ExplorerOperaSafari (WebKit)
การรองรับเบื้องต้น1.0{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("1") }}3.03.51.0 (85)
ค่า auto1.0{{CompatUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("1") }}6.0 (โหมดจำกัด)3.51.0 (85)
+
+ +
+ + + + + + +
คุณลักษณะ
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
AndroidEdgeFirefox Mobile (Gecko)IE MobileOpera MobileSafari Mobile
การรองรับเบื้องต้น1.0{{CompatVersionUnknown}}{{ CompatGeckoMobile("1") }}6.06.01.0
+
+ +

ดูเพิ่มเติม

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/guide/graphics/index.html b/files/th/web/guide/graphics/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a521c73391 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/guide/graphics/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +--- +title: Graphics on the Web +slug: Web/Guide/Graphics +translation_of: Web/Guide/Graphics +--- +

เว็บไซต์และแอปพลิเคชันมักจะต้องนำเสนอกราฟิกเช่นรูปภาพ รูปภาพสแตติกสามารถแสดงได้อย่างง่ายดายโดยใช้องค์ประกอบ {{HTMLElement ("img")}} หรือโดยการตั้งค่าพื้นหลังขององค์ประกอบ HTML โดยใช้คุณสมบัติ {{cssxref ("background-image")}}} นอกจากนี้คุณยังสามารถสร้างกราฟิกได้ทันทีหรือจัดการรูปภาพตามความเป็นจริง บทความเหล่านี้ให้ข้อมูลเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับวิธีที่คุณสามารถทำได้

+ +
+
+

กราฟิก 2D

+ +
+
ผ้าใบ
+
องค์ประกอบ {{HTMLElement ("canvas")}} จัดเตรียม API เพื่อวาดกราฟิก 2D โดยใช้ JavaScript
+
SVG
+
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) ช่วยให้คุณใช้เส้นเส้นโค้งและรูปทรงเรขาคณิตอื่น ๆ เพื่อแสดงผลกราฟิก ด้วยเวกเตอร์คุณสามารถสร้างภาพที่ปรับขนาดได้อย่างสมบูรณ์ในทุกขนาด
+
+ +

ดูทั้งหมด...

+
+ +
+

กราฟิก 3 มิติ

+ +
+
WebGL
+
คำแนะนำในการเริ่มต้นใช้งาน WebGL ซึ่งเป็นกราฟิก 3D API สำหรับเว็บ เทคโนโลยีนี้ช่วยให้คุณใช้ OpenGL ES มาตรฐานในเนื้อหาเว็บ
+
+ +

วีดีโอ

+ +
+
ใช้เสียงและวิดีโอ HTML5
+
การฝังวิดีโอและ / หรือเสียงในหน้าเว็บและควบคุมการเล่น
+
WebRTC
+
RTC ใน WebRTC ย่อมาจาก Real-Time Communications ซึ่งเป็นเทคโนโลยีที่เปิดใช้งานการสตรีมเสียง / วิดีโอและการแบ่งปันข้อมูลระหว่างเบราว์เซอร์ไคลเอ็นต์
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/th/web/guide/index.html b/files/th/web/guide/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..415bd14d23 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/guide/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +--- +title: Web developer guide +slug: Web/Guide +tags: + - Guide + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Web/Guide +--- +

These articles provide how-to information to help you make use of specific technologies and APIs.

+
+

Note: This page is going to be a mess for a little while until we finish migrating content. Our apologies!

+
+
+ {{LandingPageListSubpages}}
+
+
+ JavaScript
+
+ JavaScript is the powerful scripting language used to create applications for the Web.
+
+

See also

+ diff --git a/files/th/web/http/cors/errors/index.html b/files/th/web/http/cors/errors/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d1dd12dc75 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/http/cors/errors/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +--- +title: CORS errors +slug: Web/HTTP/CORS/Errors +tags: + - CORS + - Errors + - HTTP + - HTTPS + - Messages + - NeedsTranslation + - Same-origin + - Security + - TopicStub + - console + - troubleshooting +translation_of: Web/HTTP/CORS/Errors +--- +
{{HTTPSidebar}}
+ +

Cross-Origin Resource Sharing ({{Glossary("CORS")}}) is a standard that allows a server to relax the same-origin policy. This is used to explicitly allow some cross-origin requests while rejecting others. For example, if a site offers an embeddable service, it may be necessary to relax certain restrictions. Setting up such a CORS configuration isn't necessarily easy and may present some challenges. In these pages, we'll look into some common CORS error messages and how to resolve them.

+ +

If the CORS configuration isn't setup correctly, the browser console will present an error like "Cross-Origin Request Blocked: The Same Origin Policy disallows reading the remote resource at $somesite" indicating that the request was blocked due to violating the CORS security rules. This might not necessarily be a set-up mistake, though. It's possible that the request is in fact intentionally being disallowed by the user's web application and remote external service. However, If the endpoint is meant to be available, some debugging is needed to succeed.

+ +

Identifying the issue

+ +

To understand the underlying issue with the CORS configuration, you need to find out which request is at fault and why. These steps may help you do so:

+ +
    +
  1. Navigate to the web site or web app in question and open the Developer Tools.
    2. +
  2. Now try to reproduce the failing transaction and check the console if you are seeing a CORS violation error message. It will probably look like this:
    3. +
+ +

Firefox console showing CORS error

+ +

The text of the error message will be something similar to the following:

+ +
Cross-Origin Request Blocked: The Same Origin Policy disallows
+reading the remote resource at https://some-url-here. (Reason:
+additional information here).
+ +
+

Note: For security reasons, specifics about what went wrong with a CORS request are not available to JavaScript code. All the code knows is that an error occurred. The only way to determine what specifically went wrong is to look at the browser's console for details.

+
+ +

CORS error messages

+ +

Firefox's console displays messages in its console when requests fail due to CORS. Part of the error text is a "reason" message that provides added insight into what went wrong.  The reason messages are listed below; click the message to open an article explaining the error in more detail and offering possible solutions.

+ + + +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/http/cors/index.html b/files/th/web/http/cors/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..195504e50f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/http/cors/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,565 @@ +--- +title: Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) +slug: Web/HTTP/CORS +tags: + - AJAX + - CORS + - Cross-Origin Resource Sharing + - Fetch + - Fetch API + - HTTP + - HTTP Access Controls + - NeedsTranslation + - Same-origin policy + - Security + - TopicStub + - XMLHttpRequest + - 'l10n:priority' +translation_of: Web/HTTP/CORS +--- +

Cross-Origin Resource Sharing ({{Glossary("CORS")}}) is a mechanism that uses additional {{Glossary("HTTP")}} headers to tell a browser to let a web application running at one origin (domain) have permission to access selected resources from a server at a different origin. A web application makes a cross-origin HTTP request when it requests a resource that has a different origin (domain, protocol, and port) than its own origin.

+ +

An example of a cross-origin request: The frontend JavaScript code for a web application served from http://domain-a.com uses {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest")}} to make a request for http://api.domain-b.com/data.json.

+ +

For security reasons, browsers restrict cross-origin HTTP requests initiated from within scripts. For example, XMLHttpRequest and the Fetch API follow the same-origin policy. This means that a web application using those APIs can only request HTTP resources from the same origin the application was loaded from, unless the response from the other origin includes the right CORS headers.

+ +

+ +

The CORS mechanism supports secure cross-origin requests and data transfers between browsers and web servers. Modern browsers use CORS in an API container such as XMLHttpRequest or Fetch to help mitigate the risks of cross-origin HTTP requests.

+ +

Who should read this article?

+ +

Everyone, really.

+ +

More specifically, this article is for web administrators, server developers, and front-end developers. Modern browsers handle the client-side components of cross-origin sharing, including headers and policy enforcement. But this new standard means servers have to handle new request and response headers. Another article for server developers discussing cross-origin sharing from a server perspective (with PHP code snippets) is supplementary reading.

+ +

What requests use CORS?

+ +

This cross-origin sharing standard is used to enable cross-site HTTP requests for:

+ + + +

This article is a general discussion of Cross-Origin Resource Sharing and includes a discussion of the necessary HTTP headers.

+ +

Functional overview

+ +

The Cross-Origin Resource Sharing standard works by adding new HTTP headers that allow servers to describe the set of origins that are permitted to read that information using a web browser. Additionally, for HTTP request methods that can cause side-effects on server's data (in particular, for HTTP methods other than {{HTTPMethod("GET")}}, or for {{HTTPMethod("POST")}} usage with certain MIME types), the specification mandates that browsers "preflight" the request, soliciting supported methods from the server with an HTTP {{HTTPMethod("OPTIONS")}} request method, and then, upon "approval" from the server, sending the actual request with the actual HTTP request method. Servers can also notify clients whether "credentials" (including Cookies and HTTP Authentication data) should be sent with requests.

+ +

CORS failures result in errors, but for security reasons, specifics about what went wrong are not available to JavaScript code. All the code knows is that an error occurred. The only way to determine what specifically went wrong is to look at the browser's console for details.

+ +

Subsequent sections discuss scenarios, as well as provide a breakdown of the HTTP headers used.

+ +

Examples of access control scenarios

+ +

Here, we present three scenarios that illustrate how Cross-Origin Resource Sharing works. All of these examples use the {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest")}} object, which can be used to make cross-site invocations in any supporting browser.

+ +

The JavaScript snippets included in these sections (and running instances of the server-code that correctly handles these cross-site requests) can be found "in action" at http://arunranga.com/examples/access-control/, and will work in browsers that support cross-site XMLHttpRequest.

+ +

A discussion of Cross-Origin Resource Sharing from a server perspective (including PHP code snippets) can be found in the Server-Side Access Control (CORS) article.

+ +

Simple requests

+ +

Some requests don’t trigger a CORS preflight. Those are called “simple requests” in this article, though the {{SpecName('Fetch')}} spec (which defines CORS) doesn’t use that term. A request that doesn’t trigger a CORS preflight—a so-called “simple request”—is one that meets all the following conditions:

+ + + +
Note: These are the same kinds of cross-site requests that web content can already issue, and no response data is released to the requester unless the server sends an appropriate header. Therefore, sites that prevent cross-site request forgery have nothing new to fear from HTTP access control.
+ +
Note: WebKit Nightly and Safari Technology Preview place additional restrictions on the values allowed in the {{HTTPHeader("Accept")}}, {{HTTPHeader("Accept-Language")}}, and {{HTTPHeader("Content-Language")}} headers. If any of those headers have ”non-standard” values, WebKit/Safari does not consider the request to meet the conditions for a “simple request”. What WebKit/Safari considers “non-standard” values for those headers is not documented except in the following WebKit bugs: Require preflight for non-standard CORS-safelisted request headers Accept, Accept-Language, and Content-Language, Allow commas in Accept, Accept-Language, and Content-Language request headers for simple CORS, and Switch to a blacklist model for restricted Accept headers in simple CORS requests. No other browsers implement those extra restrictions, because they’re not part of the spec.
+ +

For example, suppose web content on domain http://foo.example wishes to invoke content on domain http://bar.other. Code of this sort might be used within JavaScript deployed on foo.example:

+ +
var invocation = new XMLHttpRequest();
+var url = 'http://bar.other/resources/public-data/';
+
+function callOtherDomain() {
+  if(invocation) {
+    invocation.open('GET', url, true);
+    invocation.onreadystatechange = handler;
+    invocation.send();
+  }
+}
+
+ +

This will lead to a simple exchange between the client and the server, using CORS headers to handle the privileges:

+ +

+ +

Let us look at what the browser will send to the server in this case, and let's see how the server responds:

+ +
GET /resources/public-data/ HTTP/1.1
+Host: bar.other
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.1b3pre) Gecko/20081130 Minefield/3.1b3pre
+Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
+Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
+Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
+Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
+Connection: keep-alive
+Referer: http://foo.example/examples/access-control/simpleXSInvocation.html
+Origin: http://foo.example
+
+
+HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+Date: Mon, 01 Dec 2008 00:23:53 GMT
+Server: Apache/2.0.61
+Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
+Keep-Alive: timeout=2, max=100
+Connection: Keep-Alive
+Transfer-Encoding: chunked
+Content-Type: application/xml
+
+[XML Data]
+
+ +

Lines 1 - 10 are headers sent. The main HTTP request header of note here is the {{HTTPHeader("Origin")}} header on line 10 above, which shows that the invocation is coming from content on the domain http://foo.example.

+ +

Lines 13 - 22 show the HTTP response from the server on domain http://bar.other. In response, the server sends back an {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin")}} header, shown above in line 16. The use of the {{HTTPHeader("Origin")}} header and of {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin")}} show the access control protocol in its simplest use. In this case, the server responds with a Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * which means that the resource can be accessed by any domain in a cross-site manner. If the resource owners at http://bar.other wished to restrict access to the resource to requests only from http://foo.example, they would send back:

+ +

Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://foo.example

+ +

Note that now, no domain other than http://foo.example (identified by the ORIGIN: header in the request, as in line 10 above) can access the resource in a cross-site manner. The Access-Control-Allow-Origin header should contain the value that was sent in the request's Origin header.

+ +

Preflighted requests

+ +

Unlike “simple requests” (discussed above), "preflighted" requests first send an HTTP request by the {{HTTPMethod("OPTIONS")}} method to the resource on the other domain, in order to determine whether the actual request is safe to send. Cross-site requests are preflighted like this since they may have implications to user data.

+ +

In particular, a request is preflighted if any of the following conditions is true:

+ + + +
Note: WebKit Nightly and Safari Technology Preview place additional restrictions on the values allowed in the {{HTTPHeader("Accept")}}, {{HTTPHeader("Accept-Language")}}, and {{HTTPHeader("Content-Language")}} headers. If any of those headers have ”non-standard” values, WebKit/Safari preflights the request. What WebKit/Safari considers “non-standard” values for those headers is not documented except in the following WebKit bugs: Require preflight for non-standard CORS-safelisted request headers Accept, Accept-Language, and Content-Language, Allow commas in Accept, Accept-Language, and Content-Language request headers for simple CORS, and Switch to a blacklist model for restricted Accept headers in simple CORS requests. No other browsers implement those extra restrictions, because they’re not part of the spec.
+ +

The following is an example of a request that will be preflighted.

+ +
var invocation = new XMLHttpRequest();
+var url = 'http://bar.other/resources/post-here/';
+var body = '<?xml version="1.0"?><person><name>Arun</name></person>';
+
+function callOtherDomain(){
+  if(invocation)
+    {
+      invocation.open('POST', url, true);
+      invocation.setRequestHeader('X-PINGOTHER', 'pingpong');
+      invocation.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/xml');
+      invocation.onreadystatechange = handler;
+      invocation.send(body);
+    }
+}
+
+......
+
+ +

In the example above, line 3 creates an XML body to send with the POST request in line 8. Also, on line 9, a "customized" (non-standard) HTTP request header is set (X-PINGOTHER: pingpong). Such headers are not part of the HTTP/1.1 protocol, but are generally useful to web applications. Since the request uses a Content-Type of application/xml, and since a custom header is set, this request is preflighted.

+ +

+ +

(Note: as described below, the actual POST request does not include the Access-Control-Request-* headers; they are needed only for the OPTIONS request.)

+ +

Let's take a look at the full exchange between client and server. The first exchange is the preflight request/response:

+ +
OPTIONS /resources/post-here/ HTTP/1.1
+Host: bar.other
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.1b3pre) Gecko/20081130 Minefield/3.1b3pre
+Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
+Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
+Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
+Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
+Connection: keep-alive
+Origin: http://foo.example
+Access-Control-Request-Method: POST
+Access-Control-Request-Headers: X-PINGOTHER, Content-Type
+
+
+HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+Date: Mon, 01 Dec 2008 01:15:39 GMT
+Server: Apache/2.0.61 (Unix)
+Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://foo.example
+Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST, GET, OPTIONS
+Access-Control-Allow-Headers: X-PINGOTHER, Content-Type
+Access-Control-Max-Age: 86400
+Vary: Accept-Encoding, Origin
+Content-Encoding: gzip
+Content-Length: 0
+Keep-Alive: timeout=2, max=100
+Connection: Keep-Alive
+Content-Type: text/plain
+
+ +

Once the preflight request is complete, the real request is sent:

+ +
POST /resources/post-here/ HTTP/1.1
+Host: bar.other
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.1b3pre) Gecko/20081130 Minefield/3.1b3pre
+Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
+Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
+Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
+Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
+Connection: keep-alive
+X-PINGOTHER: pingpong
+Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8
+Referer: http://foo.example/examples/preflightInvocation.html
+Content-Length: 55
+Origin: http://foo.example
+Pragma: no-cache
+Cache-Control: no-cache
+
+<?xml version="1.0"?><person><name>Arun</name></person>
+
+
+HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+Date: Mon, 01 Dec 2008 01:15:40 GMT
+Server: Apache/2.0.61 (Unix)
+Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://foo.example
+Vary: Accept-Encoding, Origin
+Content-Encoding: gzip
+Content-Length: 235
+Keep-Alive: timeout=2, max=99
+Connection: Keep-Alive
+Content-Type: text/plain
+
+[Some GZIP'd payload]
+
+ +

Lines 1 - 12 above represent the preflight request with the {{HTTPMethod("OPTIONS")}} method. The browser determines that it needs to send this based on the request parameters that the JavaScript code snippet above was using, so that the server can respond whether it is acceptable to send the request with the actual request parameters. OPTIONS is an HTTP/1.1 method that is used to determine further information from servers, and is a {{Glossary("safe")}} method, meaning that it can't be used to change the resource. Note that along with the OPTIONS request, two other request headers are sent (lines 10 and 11 respectively):

+ +
Access-Control-Request-Method: POST
+Access-Control-Request-Headers: X-PINGOTHER, Content-Type
+
+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Request-Method")}} header notifies the server as part of a preflight request that when the actual request is sent, it will be sent with a POST request method. The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers")}} header notifies the server that when the actual request is sent, it will be sent with a X-PINGOTHER and Content-Type custom headers. The server now has an opportunity to determine whether it wishes to accept a request under these circumstances.

+ +

Lines 14 - 26 above are the response that the server sends back indicating that the request method (POST) and request headers (X-PINGOTHER) are acceptable. In particular, let's look at lines 17-20:

+ +
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://foo.example
+Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST, GET
+Access-Control-Allow-Headers: X-PINGOTHER, Content-Type
+Access-Control-Max-Age: 86400
+ +

The server responds with Access-Control-Allow-Methods and says that POST and GET are viable methods to query the resource in question. Note that this header is similar to the {{HTTPHeader("Allow")}} response header, but used strictly within the context of access control.

+ +

The server also sends Access-Control-Allow-Headers with a value of "X-PINGOTHER, Content-Type", confirming that these are permitted headers to be used with the actual request. Like Access-Control-Allow-Methods, Access-Control-Allow-Headers is a comma separated list of acceptable headers.

+ +

Finally, {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age")}} gives the value in seconds for how long the response to the preflight request can be cached for without sending another preflight request. In this case, 86400 seconds is 24 hours. Note that each browser has a maximum internal value that takes precedence when the Access-Control-Max-Age is greater.

+ +

Preflighted requests and redirects

+ +

Not all browsers currently support following redirects after a preflighted request. If a redirect occurs after a preflighted request, some browsers currently will report an error message such as the following.

+ +
+

The request was redirected to 'https://example.com/foo', which is disallowed for cross-origin requests that require preflight

+
+ +
+

Request requires preflight, which is disallowed to follow cross-origin redirect

+
+ +

The CORS protocol originally required that behavior but was subsequently changed to no longer require it. However, not all browsers have implemented the change, and so still exhibit the behavior that was originally required.

+ +

So until all browsers catch up with the spec, you may be able to work around this limitation by doing one or both of the following:

+ + + +

But if it’s not possible to make those changes, then another way that may be possible is to this:

+ +
    +
  1. Make a simple request (using {{domxref("Response.url")}} for the Fetch API, or {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest.responseURL")}}) to determine what URL the real preflighted request would end up at.
    2. +
  2. Make another request (the “real” request) using the URL you obtained from Response.url or XMLHttpRequest.responseURL in the first step.
    3. +
+ +

However, if the request is one that triggers a preflight due to the presence of the Authorization header in the request, you won’t be able to work around the limitation using the steps above. And you won’t be able to work around it at all unless you have control over the server the request is being made to.

+ +

Requests with credentials

+ +

The most interesting capability exposed by both {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest")}} or Fetch and CORS is the ability to make "credentialed" requests that are aware of HTTP cookies and HTTP Authentication information. By default, in cross-site XMLHttpRequest" or Fetch invocations, browsers will not send credentials. A specific flag has to be set on the XMLHttpRequest" object or the {{domxref("Request")}} constructor when it is invoked.

+ +

In this example, content originally loaded from http://foo.example makes a simple GET request to a resource on http://bar.other which sets Cookies. Content on foo.example might contain JavaScript like this:

+ +
var invocation = new XMLHttpRequest();
+var url = 'http://bar.other/resources/credentialed-content/';
+
+function callOtherDomain(){
+  if(invocation) {
+    invocation.open('GET', url, true);
+    invocation.withCredentials = true;
+    invocation.onreadystatechange = handler;
+    invocation.send();
+  }
+}
+ +

Line 7 shows the flag on {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest")}} that has to be set in order to make the invocation with Cookies, namely the withCredentials boolean value. By default, the invocation is made without Cookies. Since this is a simple GET request, it is not preflighted, but the browser will reject any response that does not have the {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials")}}: true header, and not make the response available to the invoking web content.

+ +

+ +

Here is a sample exchange between client and server:

+ +
GET /resources/access-control-with-credentials/ HTTP/1.1
+Host: bar.other
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.1b3pre) Gecko/20081130 Minefield/3.1b3pre
+Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
+Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
+Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
+Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
+Connection: keep-alive
+Referer: http://foo.example/examples/credential.html
+Origin: http://foo.example
+Cookie: pageAccess=2
+
+
+HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+Date: Mon, 01 Dec 2008 01:34:52 GMT
+Server: Apache/2.0.61 (Unix) PHP/4.4.7 mod_ssl/2.0.61 OpenSSL/0.9.7e mod_fastcgi/2.4.2 DAV/2 SVN/1.4.2
+X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.6
+Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://foo.example
+Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true
+Cache-Control: no-cache
+Pragma: no-cache
+Set-Cookie: pageAccess=3; expires=Wed, 31-Dec-2008 01:34:53 GMT
+Vary: Accept-Encoding, Origin
+Content-Encoding: gzip
+Content-Length: 106
+Keep-Alive: timeout=2, max=100
+Connection: Keep-Alive
+Content-Type: text/plain
+
+
+[text/plain payload]
+
+ +

Although line 11 contains the Cookie destined for the content on http://bar.other, if bar.other did not respond with an {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials")}}: true (line 19) the response would be ignored and not made available to web content.

+ +

Credentialed requests and wildcards

+ +

When responding to a credentialed request, the server must specify an origin in the value of the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header, instead of specifying the "*" wildcard.

+ +

Because the request headers in the above example include a Cookie header, the request would fail if the value of the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header were "*". But it does not fail: Because the value of the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header is "http://foo.example" (an actual origin) rather than the "*" wildcard, the credential-cognizant content is returned to the invoking web content.

+ +

Note that the Set-Cookie response header in the example above also sets a further cookie. In case of failure, an exception—depending on the API used—is raised.

+ +

Third-party cookies

+ +

Note that cookies set in CORS responses are subject to normal third-party cookie policies. In the example above, the page is loaded from foo.example, but the cookie on line 22 is sent by bar.other, and would thus not be saved if the user has configured their browser to reject all third-party cookies.

+ +

The HTTP response headers

+ +

This section lists the HTTP response headers that servers send back for access control requests as defined by the Cross-Origin Resource Sharing specification. The previous section gives an overview of these in action.

+ +

Access-Control-Allow-Origin

+ +

A returned resource may have one {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin")}} header, with the following syntax:

+ +
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: <origin> | *
+
+ +

Access-Control-Allow-Origin specifies either a single origin, which tells browsers to allow that origin to access the resource; or else — for requests without credentials — the "*" wildcard, to tell browsers to allow any origin to access the resource.

+ +

For example, to allow code from the origin http://mozilla.org to access the resource, you can specify:

+ +
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://mozilla.org
+ +

If the server specifies a single origin rather than the "*" wildcard, then the server should also include Origin in the {{HTTPHeader("Vary")}} response header — to indicate to clients that server responses will differ based on the value of the {{HTTPHeader("Origin")}} request header.

+ +

Access-Control-Expose-Headers

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers")}} header lets a server whitelist headers that browsers are allowed to access. For example:

+ +
Access-Control-Expose-Headers: X-My-Custom-Header, X-Another-Custom-Header
+
+ +

This allows the X-My-Custom-Header and X-Another-Custom-Header headers to be exposed to the browser.

+ +

Access-Control-Max-Age

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age")}} header indicates how long the results of a preflight request can be cached. For an example of a preflight request, see the above examples.

+ +
Access-Control-Max-Age: <delta-seconds>
+
+ +

The delta-seconds parameter indicates the number of seconds the results can be cached.

+ +

Access-Control-Allow-Credentials

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials")}} header Indicates whether or not the response to the request can be exposed when the credentials flag is true. When used as part of a response to a preflight request, this indicates whether or not the actual request can be made using credentials. Note that simple GET requests are not preflighted, and so if a request is made for a resource with credentials, if this header is not returned with the resource, the response is ignored by the browser and not returned to web content.

+ +
Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true
+
+ +

Credentialed requests are discussed above.

+ +

Access-Control-Allow-Methods

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods")}} header specifies the method or methods allowed when accessing the resource. This is used in response to a preflight request. The conditions under which a request is preflighted are discussed above.

+ +
Access-Control-Allow-Methods: <method>[, <method>]*
+
+ +

An example of a preflight request is given above, including an example which sends this header to the browser.

+ +

Access-Control-Allow-Headers

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers")}} header is used in response to a preflight request to indicate which HTTP headers can be used when making the actual request.

+ +
Access-Control-Allow-Headers: <field-name>[, <field-name>]*
+
+ +

The HTTP request headers

+ +

This section lists headers that clients may use when issuing HTTP requests in order to make use of the cross-origin sharing feature. Note that these headers are set for you when making invocations to servers. Developers using cross-site {{domxref("XMLHttpRequest")}} capability do not have to set any cross-origin sharing request headers programmatically.

+ +

Origin

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Origin")}} header indicates the origin of the cross-site access request or preflight request.

+ +
Origin: <origin>
+
+ +

The origin is a URI indicating the server from which the request initiated. It does not include any path information, but only the server name.

+ +
Note: The origin can be the empty string; this is useful, for example, if the source is a data URL.
+ +

Note that in any access control request, the {{HTTPHeader("Origin")}} header is always sent.

+ +

Access-Control-Request-Method

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Request-Method")}} is used when issuing a preflight request to let the server know what HTTP method will be used when the actual request is made.

+ +
Access-Control-Request-Method: <method>
+
+ +

Examples of this usage can be found above.

+ +

Access-Control-Request-Headers

+ +

The {{HTTPHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers")}} header is used when issuing a preflight request to let the server know what HTTP headers will be used when the actual request is made.

+ +
Access-Control-Request-Headers: <field-name>[, <field-name>]*
+
+ +

Examples of this usage can be found above.

+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('Fetch', '#cors-protocol', 'CORS')}}{{Spec2('Fetch')}}New definition; supplants W3C CORS specification.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ + + +

{{Compat("http.headers.Access-Control-Allow-Origin")}}

+ +

Compatibility notes

+ + + +

See also

+ + + +
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diff --git a/files/th/web/http/index.html b/files/th/web/http/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..832303c8c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/http/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ +--- +title: HTTP +slug: Web/HTTP +tags: + - HTTP + - Headers + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/HTTP +--- +

{{ HTTPSidebar }}

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) เป็นโปรโตคอลในระดับชั้นแอพพลิเคชัน(application-layer) ที่ใช้สำหรับการจัดส่งเอกสารประเภท hypermedia อย่างเช่นเอกสาร HTML และถูกออกแบบมาเพื่อใช้งานในการติดต่อสื่อสารระหว่าง web browser กับ web server และสามารถนำไปใช้ในจุดประสงค์อื่น ๆ ได้ด้วย ซึ่งรูปแบบการสื่อสารของโปรโตคอล HTTP เป็นไปตามโมเดลการสื่อสารแบบเครื่องลูกข่าย-แม่ข่าย(client-server model) ที่เครื่องลูกข่ายจะสร้าง connection เพื่อส่ง request ไปยังเครื่องแม่ข่าย และรอจนกว่าจะได้ response กลับมาจากเครื่องแม่ข่าย นอกจากนั้น HTTP เป็นโปรโตคอลแบบ stateless protocol เป็นลักษณะที่เครื่องแม่ข่ายไม่มีการจัดเก็บข้อมูล(state) ใด ๆ ที่เกิดขึ้นระหว่าง request เพราะข้อมูลแต่ละ request สามารถทำความเข้าใจได้ในตัวมันเอง และเนื่องจาก HTTP เป็นโปรโตคอลที่ใช้งานในระดับชั้นแอพพลิเคชัน ซึ่งอยู่ในระดับชั้นที่สูงกว่าโปรโตคอลในระดับล่างอย่าง TCP/IP ที่อยู่ในระดับ transport layer มันจึงสามารถใช้รูปแบบการติดต่อสื่อสารที่มีความน่าเชื่อถือของโปรโตคอลต่าง ๆ ในระดับชั้น transport ได้ อย่างเช่น อาจจะเลือกใช้โปรโตคอล RUDP ที่มีความน่าเชื่อถือกว่า UDP ที่มีโอกาสสูญเสียข้อมูลไปโดยไม่รู้ตัวได้

+ +

Documentation

+ +
+
HTTP Headers
+
HTTP message headers ใช้ในการบรรยายเกี่ยวกับ resource หรือ พฤติกรรมของเครื่องแม่ข่าย(server) หรือ เครื่องลูกข่าย(client) การสร้าง HTTP header ขึ้นใช้งานเอง สามารถทำได้ด้วยการเติมอักษร "X-" นำหน้าชื่อ header ที่ต้องการ โดย Header มาตรฐานต่าง ๆ สามารถศึกษาเพิ่มเติมได้จาก IANA registry เนื้อหาต้นฉบับจะถูกนิยามไว้ใน RFC 4229 โดยมี IANA เป็นผู้ดูแลเกี่ยวกับการลงทะเบียนเพื่อเสนอ HTTP header รูปแบบใหม่
+
HTTP cookies
+
การทำงานของ cookie ได้มีการนิยามไว้โดย RFC 6265 โดยกระบวนการเกิดขึ้นหลังจากที่เครื่องแม่ข่ายได้รับ HTTP request แล้ว เครื่องแม่ข่ายจะสามารถส่ง header ชื่อ Set-Cookie ไปกับ response ให้กับเครื่องลูกข่าย หลังจากนั้นเมื่อใดก็ตามที่เครื่องลูกข่ายต้องการส่ง request ไปยังเครื่องแม่ข่าย ค่าของ cookie จะถูกส่งไปพร้อม request ด้วยเสมอ ในรูปแบบของ HTTP header ชื่อ Cookie นอกจากนั้นยังสามารถกำหนดวันและเวลาหมดอายุของ cookie และการจำกัดการเข้าถึง domain และ path ได้
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Basic access authentication
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ในบริบทของการติดต่อสื่อสารบนโปรโตคอล HTTP นั้น การพิสูจน์ตัวจริงแบบพื้นฐานเพื่อการเข้าถึง (basic access authentication) เป็นวิธีการสำหรับ HTTP user agent ในการ request ไปยังเครื่องแม่ข่ายที่ต้องมีการจัดเตรียมรหัสผู้ใช้งาน (username) และรหัสผ่าน (password) เพื่อใช้ในการพิสูจน์ตัวจริง
+
HTTP pipelining FAQ
+
HTTP/1.1 Pipelining FAQ
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HTTP access control (CORS)
+
Cross-site HTTP requests are HTTP requests for resources from a different domain than the domain of the resource making the request.  For instance, a resource loaded from Domain A (http://domaina.example) such as an HTML web page, makes a request for a resource on Domain B (http://domainb.foo), such as an image, using the img element (http://domainb.foo/image.jpg).  This occurs very commonly on the web today — pages load a number of resources in a cross-site manner, including CSS stylesheets, images and scripts, and other resources.
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Controlling DNS prefetching
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Firefox 3.5 performs DNS prefetching.  This is a feature by which Firefox proactively performs domain name resolution on both links that the user may choose to follow as well as URLs for items referenced by the document, including images, CSS, JavaScript, and so forth. This prefetching is performed in the background, so that the DNS is likely to already have been resolved by the time the referenced items are actually needed.  This reduces latency when, for example, the user actually clicks a link.
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HTTP response codes
+
HTTP Response Codes indicate whether a specific HTTP requests has been successfully completed. Responses are grouped in five classes: informational responses, successful responses, redirections, client errors, and servers errors.
+
+ +

A brief history of HTTP

+ +

Since its original conception, as a protocol with one single method (GET) and returning only HTML pages, the HTTP protocol went through several revisions. The first documented version was HTTP/0.9 in 1991, corresponding to the original version. Very simple, it has a rudimentary search capability via the HTML {{ HTMLElement("isindex") }} element and an extension of the URL using the '?' character.

+ +

Then, in 1992, a version was published that became, with some minor changes, HTTP/1.0 (finalized in RFC 1945 in May 1996). One major improvement over the previous version was the ability to transmit files of different types, like images, videos, scripts, CSS documents, and so on, instead of only HTML files: this is achieved by using MIME types in conjunction with the Content-Type: header.

+ +

In 1995, the IETF  began developing a new version of HTTP, which would become HTTP/1.1. It quickly spread into wide usage, and it was officially standardized in 1997 in RFC 2068, with minor fixes in RFC 2616 two years later.

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HTTP/1.1 brought the ability to reuse established connections for subsequent requests, greatly improving the performance of the protocol by lowering the latency between them; this is especially useful with complex HTML documents that need to fetch several subsequent files, like images or style sheets. It also brought the Host: header, which allows a single server, listening on a specific port, to receive requests for several websites; this paved the way for colocating numerous websites on one single server, greatly reducing the cost of hosting.

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Since then, the HTTP protocol evolved by adding new headers, defining new behaviors without the need to fundamentally change the protocol. Unknown headers are simply ignored by servers or clients.

+ +

HTTP/1.1 is currently being revised by the IETF HTTPbis Working Group.

+ + + +

HTTP request methods

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The request method indicates the action to be performed by the server. The HTTP/1.1 standard defines seven methods and allows other methods to be added later. Over the years, a few ones have been added in standards like WebDAV. The  IETF HTTPbis Working Group is currently working on an IANA registry to list them all. If a server receives a request method that it doesn't know, it must return a 501 Not implemented response; if it knows the method but is configured not to answer it, it must return a 405 Method not allowed response. Two methods are required to be supported: HEAD and GET; all others are optional.

+ +

Two specific semantics are defined in the standard and are crucial for web developers: the safety property and the idempotent property.

+ +

Safe methods

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A safe method is a method that doesn't have any side-effects on the server. In other words, this property means that the method must be used only for retrieval of data. The safe HTTP methods defined in HTTP/1.1 are:

+ + + +
Notes: + + +
+ +

Idempotent methods

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An idempotent method is a method such that the side-effects on the server of several identical requests with the method are the same as the side-effects of one single request.

+ + + +

Other methods

+ + + +

Many more methods, such as PROPFIND or PATCH are defined in other standards-track RFCs of the IETF, like WebDAV.

+ +

The CONNECT method is defined in RFC 2817.

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HTTP Requests Methods in HTML Forms

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In HTML, different HTTP request methods can be specified in the {{ htmlattrxref("method", "form") }} attribute of the {{ HTMLElement("form") }} element, but also to the {{ htmlattrxref("formmethod", "input") }} of the {{ HTMLElement("input") }} and {{ HTMLElement("button") }} elements. But not all HTTP methods can be used with these attributes; only GET and POST method are allowed by the HTML specification. See this StackExchange answer why other HTTP request methods are not allowed by the HTML specification.

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Note: The choice of a GET or POST method for HTML forms is not neutral. Because the GET method is a safe method, it should be used only in cases where no side-effect is expected; e.g., it shouldn't be used to transmit an order, as this order is a side-effect. In all cases where such side-effects are expected, the POST method should be used.
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HTTP response codes

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When answering a client request, the server sends back a three-digit number indicating whether the request was successfully processed. These codes can be grouped in five categories:

+ + + +

A web developer shouldn't encounter many other response codes, but people building requests using the XMLHTTPRequest function may hit less usual response codes.

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More on redirection responses

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Starting in Gecko 9.0 {{ geckoRelease("9.0") }}, redirections (such as 301 and 307) that specify a javascript: URI are no longer performed. Instead, a bad connection error is presented. This helps avoid cross-site scripting attacks. See {{ bug(255119) }} if you want more details.

+ +

HTTP headers

+ +

HTTP headers allow the client and the server to pass additional information with the request or the response. A request header consists of its case-insensitive name followed by a colon ':', then by its value (without CRLF in it). Leading white space before the value is ignored.

+ +

Headers are grouped according the context in which they may appear:

+ +
+
General headers
+
These headers apply to both requests and responses but are unrelated to the data eventually transmitted in the body. They therefore apply only to the message being transmitted. There are only a few of them and new ones cannot be added without increasing the version number of the HTTP protocol. The exhaustive list for HTTP/1.1 is {{ httpheader("Cache-Control") }}, {{ httpheader("Connection") }}, {{ httpheader("Date") }}, {{ httpheader("Pragma") }}, {{ httpheader("Trailer") }}, {{ httpheader("Transfer-Encoding") }}, {{ httpheader("Upgrade") }}, {{ httpheader("Via") }} and {{ httpheader("Warning") }}.
+
Request headers
+
These headers give more precise information about the resource to be fetched or about the client itself. Among them one can find cache-related headers, transforming a GET method in a conditional GET, like {{ httpheader("If-Modified-Since") }}, user-preference information like {{ httpheader("Accept-Language") }} or {{ httpheader("Accept-Charset") }} or plain client information like {{ httpheader("User-Agent") }}. New request headers cannot officially be added without increasing the version number of the HTTP protocol. But, it is common for new request headers to be added if both the server and the client agree on their meaning. In that case, a client should not assume that they will be handled adequately by the server; unknown request headers are handled as entity headers.
+
Response headers
+
These headers give more information about the resource sent back, like its real location ({{ httpheader("Location") }}) or about the server itself, like its name and version ({{ httpheader("Server") }}). New response headers cannot be added without increasing the version number of the HTTP protocol. But, it is common for new response headers to be added if both the server and the client agree on their meaning. In that case, a server should not assume that they will be handled adequately by the client ; unknown response headers are handled as entity headers.
+
Entity headers
+
These headers give more information about the body of the entity, like its length ({{ httpheader("Content-Length") }}), an identifying hash ({{ httpheader("Content-MD5") }}), or its MIME-type ({{ httpheader("Content-Type") }}). New entity headers can be added without increasing the version number of the HTTP protocol.
+
+ +

Headers can also be grouped according to how caching and non-caching proxies handle them:

+ +
+
End-to-end headers
+
These headers must be transmitted to the final recipient of the message; that is, the server for a request message or the client for a response message. Such a header means that intermediate proxies must retransmit it unmodified and also that caches must store it.
+
Hop-by-hop headers
+
These headers are meaningful only for a single transport-level connection and must not be retransmitted by proxies or cached. Such headers are: {{ httpheader("Connection") }}, {{ httpheader("Keep-Alive") }}, {{ httpheader("Proxy-Authenticate") }}, {{ httpheader("Proxy-Authorization") }}, {{ httpheader("TE") }}, {{ httpheader("Trailers") }}, {{ httpheader("Transfer-Encoding") }} and {{ httpheader("Upgrade") }}. Note that only hop-by-hop headers may be set using the {{ httpheader("Connection") }} general header.
+
+ +

In order to learn about the specific semantic of each header, see its entry in the comprehensive list of HTTP headers.

+ +

Useful request headers

+ +

Among the numerous HTTP request headers, several are especially useful when set correctly. If you are building your own requests, by using XMLHTTPRequest or when writing an extension and sending custom HTTP requests via XPCOM, then it is important to ensure the presence of headers that are often set by browsers based on the preferences of the user.

+ +
+
Controlling the language of the resource
+
Most user-agents, like Firefox, allow the user to set a preference for the language for receiving a resource. The browser translate this into an {{ httpheader("Accept-Language") }} header. It is good practice for web developers, when building specific HTTP requests, to include such a header too.
+
Using conditional GET
+
Caching is a major tool to accelerate the display of web pages. Even when parts of a webpage are refreshed via an XMLHTTPRequest:, it is a good idea to use the {{ httpheader("If-Modified-Since") }} header (and other similar ones) in order to fetch the new content only if it has changed. This approach lowers the burden on the network.
+
+ +

Useful response headers

+ +

The configuration of a web server is a critical part to ensure good performance and optimal security of a web site. Among the numerous HTTP response headers, several are of specific importance and should be configured on the server

+ +

Restricting framing

+ +

Several cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks take advantage of the ability to put third-party content inside an {{ HTMLElement("frame") }} or {{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}. In order to mitigate that risk, modern browsers have introduced the CSP frame-ancestors directive. By setting it with the value 'none', it prevents the browser from displaying this resource inside of a frame. Using it on critical resources (like those containing a formularies or critical information) will reduce the risk caused by XSS attacks. Note that this specific HTTP response header is not the only way to mitigate XSS risks; other techniques, like setting some Content Security Policies, may be helpful too.

+ +

Compression

+ +

Minimizing the amount of data transferred accelerates the display of a web page. Though most techniques, like CSS Sprites, should be applied on the site itself, compression of data must be set at the web server level. If set, resources requested by the client with an {{ httpheader("Accept-Encoding") }} request header are compressed using the appropriate method and sent back with a {{ httpheader("Content-Encoding") }} response header. Setting these in Apache 2 servers is done by using the mod_deflate module.

+ +
Note: Be aware that not all data formats can be efficiently compressed. Already-compressed media data, like JPEG images or most audio and video formats, do not shrink using another pass of compression. In fact, they often become larger due to the overhead of the compression method. It is important not to try to compress these resource types any further; there is no advantage in size and the compression/decompression mechanism is resource-intensive.
+ +

Controlling cache

+ +

HTTP Caching is a technique that prevents the same resource from being fetched several times if it hasn't change. Configuring the server with the correct response headers allows the user-agent to adequately cache the data. In order to do that, be sure that:

+ + + +

Setting the correct MIME types

+ +

The MIME type is the mechanism to tell the client the kind of document transmitted: the extension of a file name has no meaning on the web. It is therefore important that the server is correctly set up so that the correct MIME type is transmitted with each document: user-agents often use this MIME-type to determine what default action to do when a resource is fetched.

+ +
Note: + + +
+ +

See also

+ + + +

{{ languages( { "ja": "ja/HTTP"} ) }}

diff --git a/files/th/web/http/status/201/index.html b/files/th/web/http/status/201/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9cef9d44f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/http/status/201/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +--- +title: 201 Created +slug: Web/HTTP/Status/201 +translation_of: Web/HTTP/Status/201 +--- +
{{HTTPSidebar}}
+ +

หมายเลขสถานะของ HTTP หมายเลข 201 Created แสดงถึงการร้องขอนั้นสำเร็จและทำให้เกิดการสร้างทรัพยากรใหม่ ทรัพยากรใหม่นี้ถูกสร้างสำเร็จก่อนที่การตอบสนองจะถูกส่งกลับมา และทรัพยากรใหม่นี้ถูกส่งกลับมากับเนื้อหาของข้อความด้วย ที่ตั้งของมันเป็นได้ทั้ง URL ที่ใช้ในการร้องขอ หรือเนื้อหาในส่วน header ของ {{HTTPHeader("Location")}}

+ +

โดยปกติแล้วการใช้งานของหมายเลขสถานะนี้จะเป็นผลมาจากการร้องขอแบบ {{HTTPMethod("PUT")}}

+ +

สถานะ

+ +
201 Created
+ +

ข้อกำหนด

+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
ข้อกำหนดหัวข้อ
{{RFC("7231", "201 Created" , "6.3.2")}}Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content
+ +

การเข้ากันได้ของเบราเซอร์

+ + + +

{{Compat("http.status.201")}}

+ +

ดูสิ่งนี้ด้วย

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/http/status/index.html b/files/th/web/http/status/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e490502369 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/http/status/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ +--- +title: HTTP response status codes +slug: Web/HTTP/Status +tags: + - HTTP + - NeedsTranslation + - Status codes + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/HTTP/Status +--- +
{{HTTPSidebar}}
+ +

HTTP response status codes indicate whether a specific HTTP request has been successfully completed. Responses are grouped in five classes: informational responses, successful responses, redirects, client errors, and servers errors. Status codes are defined by section 10 of RFC 2616.

+ +

Information responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(100, "100 Continue")}}
+
This interim response indicates that everything so far is OK and that the client should continue with the request or ignore it if it is already finished.
+
{{HTTPStatus(101, "101 Switching Protocol")}}
+
This code is sent in response to an {{HTTPHeader("Upgrade")}} request header by the client, and indicates the protocol the server is switching too.
+
{{HTTPStatus(102, "102 Processing")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
This code indicates that the server has received and is processing the request, but no response is available yet.
+
+ +

Successful responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(200, "200 OK")}}
+
The request has succeeded. The meaning of a success varies depending on the HTTP method:
+ GET: The resource has been fetched and is transmitted in the message body.
+ HEAD: The entity headers are in the message body.
+ POST: The resource describing the result of the action is transmitted in the message body.
+ TRACE: The message body contains the request message as received by the server
+
{{HTTPStatus(201, "201 Created")}}
+
The request has succeeded and a new resource has been created as a result of it. This is typically the response sent after a PUT request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(202, "202 Accepted")}}
+
The request has been received but not yet acted upon. It is non-committal, meaning that there is no way in HTTP to later send an asynchronous response indicating the outcome of processing the request. It is intended for cases where another process or server handles the request, or for batch processing.
+
{{HTTPStatus(203, "203 Non-Authoritative Information")}}
+
This response code means returned meta-information set is not exact set as available from the origin server, but collected from a local or a third party copy. Except this condition, 200 OK response should be preferred instead of this response.
+
{{HTTPStatus(204, "204 No Content")}}
+
There is no content to send for this request, but the headers may be useful. The user-agent may update its cached headers for this resource with the new ones.
+
{{HTTPStatus(205, "205 Reset Content")}}
+
This response code is sent after accomplishing request to tell user agent reset document view which sent this request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(206, "206 Partial Content")}}
+
This response code is used because of range header sent by the client to separate download into multiple streams.
+
{{HTTPStatus(207, "207 Multi-Status")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
A Multi-Status response conveys information about multiple resources in situations where multiple status codes might be appropriate.
+
{{HTTPStatus(208, "208 Multi-Status")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
Used inside a DAV: propstat response element to avoid enumerating the internal members of multiple bindings to the same collection repeatedly.
+
{{HTTPStatus(226, "226 IM Used")}} (HTTP Delta encoding)
+
The server has fulfilled a GET request for the resource, and the response is a representation of the result of one or more instance-manipulations applied to the current instance.
+
+ +

Redirection messages

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(300, "300 Multiple Choice")}}
+
The request has more than one possible responses. User-agent or user should choose one of them. There is no standardized way to choose one of the responses.
+
{{HTTPStatus(301, "301 Moved Permanently")}}
+
This response code means that URI of requested resource has been changed. Probably, new URI would be given in the response.
+
{{HTTPStatus(302, "302 Found")}}
+
This response code means that URI of requested resource has been changed temporarily. New changes in the URI might be made in the future. Therefore, this same URI should be used by the client in future requests.
+
{{HTTPStatus(303, "303 See Other")}}
+
Server sent this response to directing client to get requested resource to another URI with an GET request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(304, "304 Not Modified")}}
+
This is used for caching purposes. It is telling to client that response has not been modified. So, client can continue to use same cached version of response.
+
305 Use Proxy {{deprecated_inline}}
+
Was defined in a previous version of the HTTP specification to indicate that a requested response must be accessed by a proxy. It has been deprecated due to security concerns regarding in-band configuration of a proxy.
+
306 unused
+
This response code is no longer used, it is just reserved currently. It was used in a previous version of the HTTP 1.1 specification.
+
{{HTTPStatus(307, "307 Temporary Redirect")}}
+
Server sent this response to directing client to get requested resource to another URI with same method that used prior request. This has the same semantic than the 302 Found HTTP response code, with the exception that the user agent must not change the HTTP method used: if a POST was used in the first request, a POST must be used in the second request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(308, "308 Permanent Redirect")}}
+
This means that the resource is now permanently located at another URI, specified by the Location: HTTP Response header. This has the same semantics as the 301 Moved Permanently HTTP response code, with the exception that the user agent must not change the HTTP method used: if a POST was used in the first request, a POST must be used in the second request.
+
+ +

Client error responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(400, "400 Bad Request")}}
+
This response means that server could not understand the request due to invalid syntax.
+
{{HTTPStatus(401, "401 Unauthorized")}}
+
Although the HTTP standard specifies "unauthorized", semantically this response means "unauthenticated". That is, the client must authenticate itself to get the requested response.
+
402 Payment Required
+
This response code is reserved for future use. Initial aim for creating this code was using it for digital payment systems however this is not used currently.
+
{{HTTPStatus(403, "403 Forbidden")}}
+
The client does not have access rights to the content, i.e. they are unauthorized, so server is rejecting to give proper response. Unlike 401, the client's identity is known to the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(404, "404 Not Found")}}
+
The server can not find requested resource. In the browser, this means the URL is not recognized. In an API, this can also mean that the endpoint is valid but the resource itself does not exist. Servers may also send this response instead of 403 to hide the existence of a resource from an unauthorized client. This response code is probably the most famous one due to its frequent occurence on the web.
+
{{HTTPStatus(405, "405 Method Not Allowed")}}
+
The request method is known by the server but has been disabled and cannot be used. For example, an API may forbid DELETE-ing a resource. The two mandatory methods, GET and HEAD, must never be disabled and should not return this error code.
+
{{HTTPStatus(406, "406 Not Acceptable")}}
+
This response is sent when the web server, after performing server-driven content negotiation, doesn't find any content following the criteria given by the user agent.
+
{{HTTPStatus(407, "407 Proxy Authentication Required")}}
+
This is similar to 401 but authentication is needed to be done by a proxy.
+
{{HTTPStatus(408, "408 Request Timeout")}}
+
This response is sent on an idle connection by some servers, even without any previous request by the client. It means that the server would like to shut down this unused connection. This response is used much more since some browsers, like Chrome, Firefox 27+, or IE9, use HTTP pre-connection mechanisms to speed up surfing. Also note that some servers merely shut down the connection without sending this message.
+
{{HTTPStatus(409, "409 Conflict")}}
+
This response is sent when a request conflicts with the current state of the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(410, "410 Gone")}}
+
This response would be sent when the requested content has been permenantly deleted from server, with no forwarding address. Clients are expected to remove their caches and links to the resource. The HTTP specification intends this status code to be used for "limited-time, promotional services". APIs should not feel compelled to indicate resources that have been deleted with this status code.
+
{{HTTPStatus(411, "411 Length Required")}}
+
Server rejected the request because the Content-Length header field is not defined and the server requires it.
+
{{HTTPStatus(412, "412 Precondition Failed")}}
+
The client has indicated preconditions in its headers which the server does not meet.
+
{{HTTPStatus(413, "413 Payload Too Large")}}
+
Request entity is larger than limits defined by server; the server might close the connection or return an Retry-After header field.
+
{{HTTPStatus(414, "414 URI Too Long")}}
+
The URI requested by the client is longer than the server is willing to interpret.
+
{{HTTPStatus(415, "415 Unsupported Media Type")}}
+
The media format of the requested data is not supported by the server, so the server is rejecting the request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(416, "416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable")}}
+
The range specified by the Range header field in the request can't be fulfilled; it's possible that the range is outside the size of the target URI's data.
+
{{HTTPStatus(417, "417 Expectation Failed")}}
+
This response code means the expectation indicated by the Expect request header field can't be met by the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(418, "418 I'm a teapot")}}
+
The server refuses the attempt to brew coffee with a teapot.
+
{{HTTPStatus(421, "421 Misdirected Request")}}
+
The request was directed at a server that is not able to produce a response. This can be sent by a server that is not configured to produce responses for the combination of scheme and authority that are included in the request URI.
+
{{HTTPStatus(422, "422 Unprocessable Entity")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The request was well-formed but was unable to be followed due to semantic errors.
+
{{HTTPStatus(423, "423 Locked")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The resource that is being accessed is locked.
+
{{HTTPStatus(424, "424 Failed Dependency")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The request failed due to failure of a previous request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(426, "426 Upgrade Required")}}
+
The server refuses to perform the request using the current protocol but might be willing to do so after the client upgrades to a different protocol. The server sends an {{HTTPHeader("Upgrade")}} header in a 426 response to indicate the required protocol(s).
+
{{HTTPStatus(428, "428 Precondition Required")}}
+
The origin server requires the request to be conditional. Intended to prevent the 'lost update' problem, where a client GETs a resource's state, modifies it, and PUTs it back to the server, when meanwhile a third party has modified the state on the server, leading to a conflict.
+
{{HTTPStatus(429, "429 Too Many Requests")}}
+
The user has sent too many requests in a given amount of time ("rate limiting").
+
{{HTTPStatus(431, "431 Request Header Fields Too Large")}}
+
The server is unwilling to process the request because its header fields are too large. The request MAY be resubmitted after reducing the size of the request header fields.
+
{{HTTPStatus(451, "451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons")}}
+
The user requests an illegal resource, such as a web page censored by a government.
+
+ +

Server error responses

+ +
+
{{HTTPStatus(500, "500 Internal Server Error")}}
+
The server has encountered a situation it doesn't know how to handle.
+
{{HTTPStatus(501, "501 Not Implemented")}}
+
The request method is not supported by the server and cannot be handled. The only methods that servers are required to support (and therefore that must not return this code) are GET and HEAD.
+
{{HTTPStatus(502, "502 Bad Gateway")}}
+
This error response means that the server, while working as a gateway to get a response needed to handle the request, got an invalid response.
+
{{HTTPStatus(503, "503 Service Unavailable")}}
+
The server is not ready to handle the request. Common causes are a server that is down for maintenance or that is overloaded. Note that together with this response, a user-friendly page explaining the problem should be sent. This responses should be used for temporary conditions and the Retry-After: HTTP header should, if possible, contain the estimated time before the recovery of the service. The webmaster must also take care about the caching-related headers that are sent along with this response, as these temporary condition responses should usually not be cached.
+
{{HTTPStatus(504, "504 Gateway Timeout")}}
+
This error response is given when the server is acting as a gateway and cannot get a response in time.
+
{{HTTPStatus(505, "505 HTTP Version Not Supported")}}
+
The HTTP version used in the request is not supported by the server.
+
{{HTTPStatus(506, "506 Variant Also Negotiates")}}
+
The server has an internal configuration error: transparent content negotiation for the request results in a circular reference.
+
{{HTTPStatus(507, "507 Insufficient Storage")}}
+
The server has an internal configuration error: the chosen variant resource is configured to engage in transparent content negotiation itself, and is therefore not a proper end point in the negotiation process.
+
{{HTTPStatus(508, "508 Loop Detected")}} ({{Glossary("WebDAV")}})
+
The server detected an infinite loop while processing the request.
+
{{HTTPStatus(510, "510 Not Extended")}}
+
Further extensions to the request are required for the server to fulfill it.
+
{{HTTPStatus(511, "511 Network Authentication Required")}}
+
The 511 status code indicates that the client needs to authenticate to gain network access.
+
+ +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/th/web/index.html b/files/th/web/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7789948f6f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ +--- +title: เทคโนโลยีเว็บสำหรับนักพัฒนา +slug: Web +tags: + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - Web +translation_of: Web +--- + + +

คุณลักษณะ World Wide Web ที่เปิดกว้างนั้นช่วยเปิดโอกาสอันน่าอัศจรรย์สำหรับ ผู้ที่ต้องการสร้างเว็บไซต์ หรือออนไลน์แอพพลิเคชั่น การที่จะใช้ประโยชน์จากความสามารถ ของเว็บไซต์ได้อย่างเต็มที่ คุณจำเป็นต้องรู้วิธีการใช้งานมันสำรวจลิ้งค์ด้านล่างเพื่อเรียนรู้ เกี่ยวกับเทคโนโลยีเว็บต่างๆ

+ +
+
+

เทคโนโลยีเว็บ

+ +

พื้นฐาน

+ +
+
HTML
+
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) หรือ ภาษามาร์กอัปข้อความหลายมิติ ใช้สำหรับการเขียนและกำหนด เนื้อหา ของเว็บเพจ
+
CSS
+
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) ใช้เพื่อกำหนด รูปร่าง และ การนำเสนอ ของเนื้อหาบนเว็บเพจ
+
HTTP
+
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) หรือ เกณฑ์วิธีขนส่งข้อความหลายมิติ ใช้ส่ง HTML และ สื่อหลายมิติอื่นๆ บนเว็บ
+
+ +

การเขียนสคริปต์

+ +
+
JavaScript
+
JavaScript เป็นภาษาโปรแกรมที่ทำงานบนเบราว์เซอร์ของคุณ คุณสามารถใช้มัน เพื่อเพิ่มการโต้ตอบและคุณลักษณะแบบไดนามิกให้แก่เว็บไซต์หรือแอปพลิเคชันของคุณ
+
ด้วย {{glossary("Node.js")}} คุณสามารถใช้ JavaScript บนเซิร์ฟเวอร์ได้เช่นกัน
+
Web API
+
Web Application Programming Interfaces (Web API) ใช้ดำเนินการของงานต่างๆ เช่น การจัดการ DOM เล่นเสียงหรือวิดีโอ หรือสร้างกราฟิก 3 มิติ +
    +
  • เอกสารอ้างอิงอินเทอร์เฟส Web API รายการชนิดของอ็อบเจกต์ที่คุณสามารถใช้ในขณะ พัฒนาเว็บ
    • +
  • หน้า WebAPI รายการการติดต่อสื่อสาร การเข้าถึงฮาร์ดแวร์ และ API อื่น ๆ ที่คุณสามารถใช้ในแอปพลิเคชันเว็บ
    • +
  • เอกสารอ้างอิง Event รายการ Event ทั้งหมดที่คุณสามารถใช้เพื่อติดตามและตอบสนอง ต่อสิ่งที่น่าสนใจที่เกิดขึ้นในหน้าเว็บหรือแอปพลิเคชันของคุณ
    • +
+
+
Web Components
+
Web Components เป็นชุดของเทคโนโลยีต่างๆที่จะทำให้คุณสามารถสร้าง องค์ประกอบกำหนดเองที่นำกลับไปใช้ได้ การทำงานของพวกมันจะถูกห่อหุ้มจาก โค้ดส่วนที่เหลือของคุณ
+
+ +

กราฟิก

+ +
+
Canvas
+
องค์ประกอบ {{HTMLElement("canvas")}} ให้ API สำหรับการวาดกราฟิก 3 มิติ โดยใช้  JavaScript
+
SVG
+
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) หรือ ภาพกราฟิกเวกเตอร์ปรับขนาดได้ ทำให้คุณสามารถใช้ เส้นตรง เส้นโค้ง และรูปทรงเรขาคณิตอื่นๆในการสร้างภาพกราฟิก คุณสามารถสร้าง รูปที่สามารถย่อหรือขยายในขนาดต่างๆได้โดยไม่เสียคุณภาพด้วยเวกเตอร์
+
WebGL
+
WebGL เป็น JavaScript API ที่ทำให้คุณสามารถวาดกราฟิก 2 มิติ หรือ 3 มิติโดยใช้ องค์ประกอบ HTML {{HTMLElement("canvas")}}  เทคโนโลยีให้คุณได้ใช้ OpenGL ES มาตรฐานในเนื้อหาเว็บ
+
+ +

เสียง วิดีโอ และ มัลติมีเดีย

+ +
+
เทคโนโลยยีเว็บมีเดีย
+
รายการของ API ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับมีเดีย พร้อมกับลิงก์สู่เอกสารคู่มือของแต่ละอัน
+
การบันทึกมีเดียและสตรีม API
+
A reference for the API that makes it possible to stream, record, and manipulate media both locally and across a network. This includes using local cameras and microphones to capture video, audio, and still images.
+
การใช้ HTML เสียงและวิดีโอ
+
การฝังวิดีโอหรือเสียงในหน้าเว็บและการควบคุมการเล่นของมัน
+
WebRTC
+
The RTC in WebRTC stands for Real-Time Communications, the technology that enables audio/video streaming and data sharing between browser clients (peers).
+
+ +

อื่นๆ

+ +
+
MathML
+
Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) หรือ ภาษามาร์กอัปเชิงคณิตศาสตร์ ทำให้คุณสามารถแสดงสมการทางคณิตศาสตร์และไวยากรณ์ที่ซับซ้อนได้
+
XSLT
+
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) ทำให้คุณสามารถแปลงเอกสาร XML สู่ HTML ที่มนุษย์สามารถอ่านได้
+
EXSLT
+
ฟังก์ชันเสริมที่ช่วยเพิ่มฟีเจอร์ให้แก่ XSLT
+
XPath
+
XPath ให้คุณเลือกโหนด DOM ในเอกสารโดยใช้ไวยากรณ์ที่ทรงพลังกว่า ตัวเลือก CSS
+
+
+ +
+

พื้นที่เรียนรู้

+ +
+
เรียนรู้การพัฒนาเว็บ
+
บทความชุดนี้สร้างพื้นฐานที่จะทำให้ผู้เริ่มต้นสามารถเริ่มพัฒนาเว็บไซต์แบบง่ายได้
+
Progressive web apps
+
Progressive web apps use modern web APIs along with traditional progressive enhancement strategy to create cross-platform web applications. These apps work everywhere and provide several features that give them the same user experience advantages as native apps. This set of docs and guides tell you all you need to know about PWAs.
+
+ +
+
+ +

หัวข้ออื่ีนๆ

+ +
+
การเข้าถึง
+
Accessible websites enable as many people as possible to use the web, including those whose visual, auditory, or other abilities are limited in some way. This set of articles provides information about accessible web development.
+
ประสิทธิภาพของเว็บ
+
Web performance is the art of making sure web applications download fast and are responsive to user interaction, regardless of a users bandwidth, screen size, network, or device capabilities.
+
ความปลอดภัย
+
Don't let your website or app leak private data to the bad guys. Use this set of articles to make sure your projects are secure.
+
WebAssembly
+
WebAssembly is a new type of code that can be run in modern web browsers — it is a low-level assembly-like language with a compact binary format that runs with near-native performance and provides languages such as C/C++ and Rust with a compilation target so that they can run on the web.
+
+
+
+ +

แสดงทั้งหมด...

diff --git a/files/th/web/javascript/index.html b/files/th/web/javascript/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..76f8f096a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/javascript/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +--- +title: JavaScript +slug: Web/JavaScript +tags: + - JavaScript + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript +--- +
{{JsSidebar}}
+ +

JavaScript (JS) เป็นภาษาโปรแกรมชนิดหนึ่ง, ภาษามีขนาดเล็ก, อาศัยตรวจแปลภาษา, มีคุณสมบัติ first-class functions. คนส่วนใหญ่จะรู้จักว่าเป็นภาษาสคริปต์สำหรับหน้าเว็บ แต่ในปัจจุบันมีได้มีการนำไปใช้ใน สภาพแวดล้อมอื่นที่ไม่ใช่เว็บบราวเซอร์ ยกตัวอย่างเช่น node.js หรือ Apache CouchDB. จาวาสคริปต์เป็นภาษาแบบ prototype-based, multi-paradigm, dynamic scripting สนับสนุนการเขียนในรูปแบบของ object-oriented, imperative และ declarative ( เช่น การโปรแกรมแบบ functional) อ่านเพิ่มเติม

+ +

ส่วนนี้ของเว็บไซต์มีไว้สำหรับภาษา JavaScript โดยเฉพาะ, เนื้อหาจะไม่เจาะจงกับการเขียนหน้าเวป หรือ สภาพแวดล้อมอื่นๆ. สำหรับเนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับ APIs สำหรับการเขียนเวปโดยตรงนั้นสามารถดูได้ที่ Web APIs และ DOM

+ +

มาตรฐานของ JavaScript คือ ECMAScript. นับตั้งแต่ปี 2012 เป็นต้นมาบราวเซอร์ยุคใหม่ทั้งหมดรองรับการทำงานตามมาตรฐาน ECMAScript 5.1 อย่างสมบูรณ์ ในขณะที่บราวเซอร์เวอร์ชั่นที่เก่ากว่านั้นจะรองรับอย่างน้อย ECMAScript 3. ในวันที่ 17 มิถุนายน 2015 ECMA International ได้ตีพิมพ์มาตรฐาน ECMAScript รุ่นที่ 6 ซึ่งมีชื่อเรียกอย่างเป็นทางการว่า ECMAScript 2015 แต่เป็นที่รู้จักโดยทั่วไปว่า ECMAScript 6 หรือ ES6. นับตั้งแต่นั้นมาตรฐาน ECMAScript ก็จะถูกปรับปรุงทุกปี. สำหรับเอกสารฉบับนี้อ้างถึงมาตรฐานฉบับร่างรุ่นล่าสุด, ซึ่งปัจจุบันคือ ECMAScript 2020.

+ +

อย่าสับสน JavaScript กับ ภาษา Java. ทั้ง  "Java" and "JavaScript" เป็น ตราสินค้าจดทะเบียนของบริษัท Oracle ในสหรัฐอเมริกาและประเทศอื่นๆ. ทั้งสองภาษามีความต่างอย่างมากทั้งด้าน วากยสัมพันธ์ (syntax), ความหมาย (semantics) และการใช้งาน

+ +
+
+

บทเรียน

+ +

เรียนรู้วิธีการเขียนโปรแกรมด้วย JavaScript

+ +

เบี้องต้น

+ +
+
คู่มือจาวาสคริปต์
+
ถ้าคุณไม่รู้จัก Javascript มาก่อน คู่มือนี้จะแนะนำให้คุณรู้จักภาษานี้
+
ภาพรวมของเทคโนโลยีจาวาสคริปต์
+
บทนำเกี่ยวกับสภาพโดยทั่วไปของ Javascript บนเว็บเบราเซอร์
+
บทนำเกี่ยวกับจาวาสคริปต์เชิงวัตถุ
+
บทนำเกี่ยวกับแนวความคิดการเขียนโปรแกรมเชิงวัตถุใน JavaScript.
+
+ +

ขั้นกลาง

+ +
+
บทนำอีกครั้งเกี่ยวกับจาวาสคริปต์
+
คำอธิบายคร่าวๆ สำหรับผู้ที่คิดว่ารู้จักจาวาสคริปต์มาก่อนแล้ว
+
+ +
+
โครงสร้างข้อมูลของจาวาสคริปต์
+
คำอธิบายคร่าวๆเกี่ยวกับโครงสร้างข้อมูลที่มีในจาวาสคริปต์
+
การเปรียบเทียบความเท่ากันและความเหมือน
+
จาวาสคริปต์มีคำสั่งที่ใช้เปรียบเทียบอยู่สามแบบที่แตกต่างกัน: strict equality using ===, loose equality using == และ  Object.is() method
+
+ +

ระดับสูง

+ +
+
การสืบทอดและความต่อเนื่องของต้นแบบ
+
การอธิบายสิ่งที่มักเข้าใจผิดๆ และการใช้การสืบทอดแบบ prototype-based อย่างไม่ถูกต้อง
+
Strict mode
+
โหมด Strict จะทำให้คุณไม่สามารถใช้ตัวแปรใดๆ ก่อนที่จะมีการกำหนดค่าตั้งต้นให้แก่ตัวแปรนั้นได้ โหมดนี้จะควบคุมความแตกต่างของ ECMAScript 5 เพื่อประสิทธิภาพที่เร็วกว่าและง่ายสำหรับการแก้ไขจุดบกพร่อง
+
JavaScript typed arrays
+
ชนิดข้อมูลแบบอาเรย์มีกระบวนการสำหรับการเข้าถึงข้อมูลแบบไบนารี่
+
การจัดการหน่วยความจำ
+
วงจรชีวิตหน่วยความจำและการกำจัดหน่วยความจำที่ไม่ใช้แล้วในจาวาสคริปต์
+
+
+ +
+

อ้างอิง

+ +

Browse the complete JS reference documentation.

+ +
+
Standard objects
+
Get to know standard built-in objects Array, Boolean, Date, Error, Function, JSON, Math, Number, Object, RegExp, String, Map, Set, WeakMap, WeakSet, and others.
+
Expressions & operators
+
Learn more about the behavior of JavaScript's operators instanceof, typeof, new, this, and more.
+
Statements & declarations
+
Learn how do-while, for-in, for-of, try-catch, let, var, const, if-else, switch, and more JavaScript statements and keywords work.
+
Functions
+
Learn how to work with JS functions to develop your applications.
+
+ +

เครื่องมือและแหล่งที่มา

+ +

เครื่องมือที่ช่วยในขณะการเขียน และดีบั๊กโค๊ด JavaScript.

+ +
+
Firefox Developer Tools
+
Scratchpad, Web Console, JavaScript Profiler, Debugger, and more.
+
Firebug
+
Edit, debug, and monitor CSS, HTML, and JavaScript live in any web page.
+
JavaScript Shells
+
A JavaScript shell allows you to quickly test snippets of JavaScript code.
+
TogetherJS
+
+

Collaboration made easy.

+
+
Stack Overflow
+
Stack Overflow questions tagged with "JavaScript".
+
JavaScript versions and release notes
+
Browse JavaScript's feature history and implementation status.
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/th/web/manifest/icons/index.html b/files/th/web/manifest/icons/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..730d3bce5d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/manifest/icons/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +--- +title: icons +slug: Web/Manifest/icons +translation_of: Web/Manifest/icons +--- +
{{QuickLinksWithSubpages("/th/docs/Web/Manifest")}}
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
ชนิดString
จำเป็นใช่
ตัวอย่าง + 
+"icons": [{"src": "icon.webp", "sizes": "48x48", "type": "image/webp"}]
+
+ +

iconsสมาชิกระบุอาร์เรย์ของวัตถุที่เป็นตัวแทนของไฟล์ภาพที่สามารถใช้เป็นแอปพลิเค iconsfor บริบทที่แตกต่างกัน ตัวอย่างเช่นสามารถใช้เพื่อแสดงแอปพลิเคชันเว็บท่ามกลางรายการแอปพลิเคชันอื่น ๆ หรือเพื่อรวมเว็บแอปพลิเคชันเข้ากับ  ตัวสลับงานของระบบปฏิบัติการและ/หรือการตั้งค่าระบบ

+ +

ตัวอย่าง

+ +
"ไอคอน": [
+  {
+    "src": "ไอคอน/lowres.webp",
+    "ขนาด": "48x48",
+    "type": "image/webp"
+  }
+  {
+    "src": "ไอคอน/lowres",
+    "ขนาด": "48x48"
+  }
+  {
+    "src": "ไอคอน/hd_hi.ico",
+    "ขนาด": "72x72 96x96 128x128 256x256"
+  }
+  {
+    "src": "ไอคอน/hd_hi.svg",
+    "ขนาด": "72x72"
+  }
+]
+ +

ค่า

+ +

วัตถุรูปภาพอาจมีค่าต่อไปนี้:

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
สมาชิกลักษณะ
sizesสตริงที่มีมิติข้อมูลคั่นด้วยช่องว่าง 
srcเส้นทางไปยังไฟล์รูปภาพ หากsrcเป็น URL สัมพัทธ์ URL หลักจะเป็น URL ของไฟล์ Manifest
typeคำแนะนำเกี่ยวกับประเภทสื่อของภาพ จุดประสงค์ของสมาชิกนี้คือเพื่อให้ตัวแทนผู้ใช้สามารถข้ามรูปภาพที่มีประเภทสื่อที่ไม่รองรับได้อย่างรวดเร็ว
purpose +

กำหนดวัตถุประสงค์ของภาพตัวอย่างเช่นหากภาพมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อให้บริการวัตถุประสงค์พิเศษบางอย่างในบริบทของโฮสต์ระบบปฏิบัติการ (เช่นเพื่อการรวมที่ดีขึ้น)

+ +

purpose สามารถมีหนึ่งในค่าต่อไปนี้:

+ +
    +
  • badge: ตัวแทนผู้ใช้สามารถแสดงไอคอนนี้โดยที่ข้อ จำกัด ด้านพื้นที่และ/หรือข้อกำหนดด้านสีแตกต่างจากไอคอนแอปพลิเคชัน
    • +
  • maskable: รูปภาพได้รับการออกแบบโดยมีไอคอนรูปแบบและเขตปลอดภัยไว้ในใจว่าตัวแทนใด ๆ ของภาพนอกเขตปลอดภัยสามารถถูกละเว้นและถูกปกปิดโดยตัวแทนผู้ใช้
    • +
  • any: ตัวแทนผู้ใช้มีอิสระที่จะแสดงไอคอนในบริบทใด ๆ (นี่คือค่าเริ่มต้น)
    • +
+
+ +

ข้อมูลจำเพาะ

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
สเปคสถานะคิดเห็นผลตอบรับ
+

{{SpecName('Manifest', '#icons-member', 'icons')}}

+ 		+

{{Spec2('Manifest')}}

+ 		+

คำจำกัดความเบื้องต้น

+ 		+

ร่างการทำงานของ Web App Manifest

+
+ +

ความเข้ากันได้ของเบราว์เซอร์

+ + + +

{{compat("html.manifest.icons")}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/manifest/index.html b/files/th/web/manifest/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..96287f66c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/manifest/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +--- +title: Web App Manifest +slug: Web/Manifest +tags: + - App + - Manifest + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Web/Manifest +--- +
{{QuickLinksWithSubpages("/en-US/docs/Web/Manifest")}}
+

Web app manifests are part of a collection of web technologies called progressive web apps (PWAs), which are websites that can be installed to a device’s homescreen without an app store. Unlike regular web apps with simple homescreen links or bookmarks, PWAs can be downloaded in advance and can work offline, as well as use regular web apps APIs to, for example receiving push notifications.

+ +

The web app manifest provides information about a web application in a JSON text file, necessary for the web app to be downloaded and be presented to the user similarly to a native app (e.g., be installed on the homescreen of a device, providing users with quicker access and a richer experience). PWA manifests include its name, author, icon(s), version, description, and list of all the necessary resources (among other things).

+ + + +

Members

+ +

Web manifests can contain the following keys. Click on each one to link through to more information about it:

+ +

{{ListSubpages("/en-US/docs/Web/Manifest")}}

+ +

Example manifest

+ +
{
+  "name": "HackerWeb",
+  "short_name": "HackerWeb",
+  "start_url": ".",
+  "display": "standalone",
+  "background_color": "#fff",
+  "description": "A simply readable Hacker News app.",
+  "icons": [{
+    "src": "images/touch/homescreen48.png",
+    "sizes": "48x48",
+    "type": "image/png"
+  }, {
+    "src": "images/touch/homescreen72.png",
+    "sizes": "72x72",
+    "type": "image/png"
+  }, {
+    "src": "images/touch/homescreen96.png",
+    "sizes": "96x96",
+    "type": "image/png"
+  }, {
+    "src": "images/touch/homescreen144.png",
+    "sizes": "144x144",
+    "type": "image/png"
+  }, {
+    "src": "images/touch/homescreen168.png",
+    "sizes": "168x168",
+    "type": "image/png"
+  }, {
+    "src": "images/touch/homescreen192.png",
+    "sizes": "192x192",
+    "type": "image/png"
+  }],
+  "related_applications": [{
+    "platform": "play",
+    "url": "https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=cheeaun.hackerweb"
+  }]
+}
+ + + +

Web app manifests are deployed in your HTML pages using a {{HTMLElement("link")}} element in the {{HTMLElement("head")}} of a document:

+ +
<link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.webmanifest">
+ +
+

Note: The .webmanifest extension is specified in the Media type registration section of the specification (the response of the manifest file should return Content-Type: application/manifest+json). Browsers generally support manifests with other appropriate extensions like .json (Content-Type: application/json).

+
+ +
+

Note: If the manifest requires credentials to fetch - the crossorigin attribute must be set to "use-credentials", even if the manifest file is in the same orgin of the current page.

+
+ + + +

Splash screens

+ +

In Chrome 47 and later, a splash screen is displayed for sites launched from a homescreen. This splashscreen is auto-generated from properties in the web app manifest, specifically:

+ + + +

Mime type

+ +

Manifests should be served using the application/manifest+json MIME type. However, it is optional to do so.  

+ +

Specifications

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecificationStatusComment
{{SpecName('Manifest')}}{{Spec2('Manifest')}}Initial definition.
+ +

Browser compatibility

+ +

{{Compat("html.manifest")}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/progressive_web_apps/add_to_home_screen/index.html b/files/th/web/progressive_web_apps/add_to_home_screen/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7513fbd8de --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/progressive_web_apps/add_to_home_screen/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,211 @@ +--- +title: Add to Home screen +slug: Web/Progressive_web_apps/Add_to_home_screen +translation_of: Web/Progressive_web_apps/Add_to_home_screen +--- +

เพิ่มไปยังหน้าจอหลัก (หรือ A2HS สําหรับระยะสั้น) เป็นคุณลักษณะที่มีอยู่ในเบราว์เซอร์สมาร์ทโฟนที่ทันสมัยที่ช่วยให้นักพัฒนาได้อย่างง่ายดายและสะดวกในการเพิ่มทางลัดไปยังหน้าจอหลักของพวกเขาเป็นตัวแทนของเว็บแอปที่ชื่นชอบ (หรือเว็บไซต์) เพื่อให้พวกเขาสามารถเข้าถึงมันได้ด้วยการแตะเพียงครั้งเดียว คู่มือนี้จะอธิบายวิธีการใช้ A2HS และสิ่งที่คุณต้องทําในฐานะนักพัฒนาซอฟต์แวร์เพื่อให้ผู้ใช้ใช้ประโยชน์จากมัน

+ +

ทําไมต้อง A2HS?

+ +

A2HS เป็นความคิดที่จะเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของปรัชญาโปรเกรสซีเว็บ App - ให้เว็บปพลิเคชันข้อดีประสบการณ์เช่นเดียวกับปพลิเคชันพื้นเมืองเพื่อให้พวกเขาสามารถแข่งขันในสงครามระบบนิเวศของวันนี้ ส่วนหนึ่งของนี้เป็นท่าทางง่ายๆในการเข้าถึงแอพพลิเคโดยแตะที่ไอคอนบนหน้าจอหลักของคุณแล้วมีมันจะปรากฏเรียบร้อยในหน้าต่างของตัวเอง A2HS ทําให้เป็นไปได้

+ +

เบราว์เซอร์ใดที่รองรับ A2HS?

+ +

A2HS ได้รับการสนับสนุนโดยมือถือ Chrome / Android เว็บวิวตั้งแต่รุ่น 31, โอเปร่าสําหรับ Android ตั้งแต่รุ่น 32 และ Firefox สําหรับ Android ตั้งแต่รุ่น 58

+ +

คุณจะใช้มันได้อย่างไร

+ +

เราได้เขียนเว็บไซต์ตัวอย่างง่ายมาก (ดูการสาธิตของเราอยู่และยังเห็นรหัสที่มา) ที่ไม่ทํามาก แต่ได้รับการพัฒนาด้วยรหัสที่จําเป็นเพื่อให้มันจะถูกเพิ่มไปยังหน้าจอหลักเช่นเดียวกับพนักงานบริการเพื่อให้สามารถใช้งานได้แบบออฟไลน์ ตัวอย่างแสดงชุดของภาพจิ้งจอก

+ +

หากคุณมี Firefox สําหรับ Android ใช้ได้ใช้เพื่อนําทางไปยังการสาธิตของเราที่ คุณจะเห็นภาพจิ้งจอก แต่สําคัญกว่าคุณจะเห็นไอคอน "บ้าน" ที่มีไอคอนบวก (+) อยู่ข้างใน - นี่คือไอคอน "เพิ่มหน้าจอโฮม" สําหรับไซต์ที่มีคุณลักษณะที่จําเป็นhttps://mdn.github.io/pwa-examples/a2hs/

+ +

+ +

แตะที่ปุ่มนี้จะแสดงแบนเนอร์ยืนยัน - การกดปุ่มใหญ่ + ADD TO HOME SCREENเสร็จสิ้นการดําเนินการเพิ่มแอพไปยังหน้าจอหลัก (หมายเหตุ: ใน Android 8 และสูงกว่า ระบบระดับ "เพิ่มไปยังหน้าจอหลัก" โต้ตอบสิทธิ์จะแสดงก่อน.

+ +

+ +

หากคุณมี Chrome มือถือที่มีอยู่ประสบการณ์จะแตกต่างกันเล็กน้อย เมื่อโหลดเว็บไซต์ของเราคุณจะเห็นป๊อปอัพติดตั้งแบนเนอร์ขึ้นถามว่าคุณต้องการที่จะเพิ่ม app นี้ไปยังหน้าจอหลักของคุณ

+ +

+ +
+

Note: You can find out a lot more about Chrome install banners from the article Web App Install Banners.

+
+ +

If you choose not to add it to your Home screen at this point, you can do so later using the Add to Home screen icon in the main Chrome menu.

+ +

Regardless of which browser you are using, when you choose to add the app to your Home screen, you'll see it appear along with a short title, in the same way that native apps do.

+ +

+ +

Tapping this icon opens it up, but as a fullscreen app, you'll no longer see the browser UI around it.

+ +

How do you make an app A2HS-ready?

+ +

To enable your app to be added to a Home screen, it needs the following:

+ + + +

Manifest

+ +

The web manifest is written in standard JSON format and should be placed somewhere inside your app directory (in the root is probably best) with the name (we've chosen ). It contains multiple fields that define certain information about the web app and how it should behave.somefilename.webmanifestmanifest.webmanifest

+ +
+

Note: The extension is specified in the Media type registration section of the specification, but generally browsers will support manifests with other appropriate extensions, e.g. ..webmanifest.json

+
+ +

The fields needed for A2HS are as follows:

+ + + +

The manifest for our sample app looks like this:

+ +
{
+  "background_color": "purple",
+  "description": "Shows random fox pictures. Hey, at least it isn't cats.",
+  "display": "fullscreen",
+  "icons": [
+    {
+      "src": "icon/fox-icon.png",
+      "sizes": "192x192",
+      "type": "image/png"
+    }
+  ],
+  "name": "Awesome fox pictures",
+  "short_name": "Foxes",
+  "start_url": "/pwa-examples/a2hs/index.html"
+}
+ +

Appropriate icon

+ +

As shown in the above manifest listing, we are including a 192 x 192 px icon for use in our app. You can include more sizes if you want; Android will choose the most appropriate size for each different use case. You could also decide to include different types of icons so devices can use the best one they are able to (e.g., Chrome already supports the WebP format).

+ +

Note that the member in each icon's object specifies the icon's mimetype, so the browser can quickly read what type the icon is, and then ignore it and move to a different icon if it doesn't support it.type

+ +

In terms of how to design the icon, you should follow the same best practices you'd follow for any Android icon (see the Android icon design guidelines).

+ + + +

To finish setting up your manifest, you need to reference it from the HTML of your application's home page:

+ +
<link rel="manifest" href="manifest.webmanifest">
+ +

Browsers that support A2HS will know where to look for your manifest once this is in place.

+ +

What does A2HS not give you?

+ +

Bear in mind that when you add an app to your Home screen, it just makes the app easily accessible — it doesn't download the app's assets and data to your device and make the app available offline, or anything like that. To make your app work offline, you have to use the Service Worker API to handle storing the assets offline, and if required, Web storage or IndexedDB to store its data.

+ +

In our example app, we've just used a service worker to store all necessary files. The service worker is registered against the site with the final code block in the file. We then cache all the site's assets using the Cache API, and serve them from the cache instead of the network using the code in the sw.js file.index.js

+ +

A2HS on desktop

+ +

While originally intended to improve user experience on mobile OSes, there is movement to make PWAs installable on desktop platforms too.

+ +
+

Note: At the time of writing, the functionality described below was only supported in newer versions of Chrome — by default on Windows, and behind the flag on macOS.#enable-desktop-pwas

+
+ +

Adding an install button

+ +

To make our PWA installable on desktop, we first added a button to our document to allow users to do the installation — this isn't made available automatically on desktop apps, and the installation needs to be triggered by a user gesture:

+ +
<button class="add-button">Add to home screen</button>
+ +

We then gave it some simple styling:

+ +
.add-button {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 1px;
+  left: 1px;
+}
+ +

JavaScript for handling the install

+ +

At the bottom of our index.js file, we added some JavaScript to handle the installation. First of all, we declare a variable (which we'll explain later on), get a reference to our install button, and set it to initially:deferredPromptdisplay: none

+ +
let deferredPrompt;
+const addBtn = document.querySelector('.add-button');
+addBtn.style.display = 'none';
+ +

We hide the button initially because the PWA will not be available for install until it follows the A2HS criteria. When this happens, supporting browsers will fire a event. We can then use a handler like the one below to handle the installation:beforeinstallprompt

+ +
window.addEventListener('beforeinstallprompt', (e) => {
+  // Prevent Chrome 67 and earlier from automatically showing the prompt
+  e.preventDefault();
+  // Stash the event so it can be triggered later.
+  deferredPrompt = e;
+  // Update UI to notify the user they can add to home screen
+  addBtn.style.display = 'block';
+
+  addBtn.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+    // hide our user interface that shows our A2HS button
+    addBtn.style.display = 'none';
+    // Show the prompt
+    deferredPrompt.prompt();
+    // Wait for the user to respond to the prompt
+    deferredPrompt.userChoice.then((choiceResult) => {
+        if (choiceResult.outcome === 'accepted') {
+          console.log('User accepted the A2HS prompt');
+        } else {
+          console.log('User dismissed the A2HS prompt');
+        }
+        deferredPrompt = null;
+      });
+  });
+});
+ +

So here we:

+ + + +

The click handler contains the following steps:

+ + + +

So when the button is clicked, the install prompt appears.

+ +

+ +

If the user selects Install, the app is installed (available as standalone desktop app), and the Install button no longer shows (the event no longer fires if the app is already installed). When you open the app, it will appear in its own window:onbeforeinstallprompt

+ +

+ +

If the user selects Cancel, the state of the app goes back to how it was before the button was clicked.

+ +
+

Note: The code for this section was mostly taken from App install banners/Add to Home Screen by Pete LePage.

+
+ +

See also

+ + + +
{{QuickLinksWithSubpages("/en-US/docs/Web/Progressive_web_apps/")}}
diff --git a/files/th/web/progressive_web_apps/index.html b/files/th/web/progressive_web_apps/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3b4e8c88e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/progressive_web_apps/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +--- +title: Progressive web apps (PWAs) +slug: Web/Progressive_web_apps +tags: + - App + - Application + - Apps + - Modern web apps + - NeedsTranslation + - PWA + - Progressive web apps + - TopicStub + - Web app + - Web applications +translation_of: Web/Progressive_web_apps +--- +
{{draft}}
+ +

PWA community logoProgressive Web Apps are web apps that use emerging web browser APIs and features along with traditional progressive enhancement strategy to bring a native app-like user experience to cross-platform web applications. Progressive Web Apps are a useful design pattern, though they aren't a formalized standard. PWA can be thought of as similar to AJAX or other similar patterns that encompass a set of application attributes, including use of specific web technologies and techniques. This set of docs tells you all you need to know about them.

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In order to call a Web App a PWA, technically speaking it should have the following features: Secure contexts ({{Glossary("HTTPS")}}), one or more Service Workers, and a manifest file.

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Secure contexts ({{Glossary("HTTPS")}})
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The web application must be served over a secure network. Being a secure site is not only a best practice, but it also establishes your web application as a trusted site especially if users need to make secure transactions. Most of the features related to a PWA such as geolocation and even service workers are available only once the app has been loaded using HTTPS.
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Service workers
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A service worker is a script that allows intercepting and control of how a web browser handles its network requests and asset caching. With service workers, web developers can create reliably fast web pages and offline experiences.
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Manifest file
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A {{Glossary("JSON")}} file that controls how your app appears to the user and ensures that progressive web apps are discoverable. It describes the name of the app, the start URL, icons, and all of the other details necessary to transform the website into an app-like format.
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PWA advantages

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PWAs should be discoverable, installable, linkable, network independent, progressive, re-engageable, responsive, and safe. To find out more about what these mean, read Progressive web app advantages.

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To find out how to implement PWAs, read through our PWA developer guide.

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Documentation

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<-- The temporary automatic list below will be replaced soon -->

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{{LandingPageListSubpages}}

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Everything below this point is left over from the old version of this page and will be revamped as other content is overhauled.

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Core PWA guides

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The following guides show you what need to do to implement a PWA, by examining a simple example and showing you how all the pieces work.

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  1. Introduction to progressive web apps
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  2. Progressive web app structure
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  3. Making PWAs work offline with Service workers
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  4. How to make PWAs installable
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  5. How to make PWAs re-engageable using Notifications and Push
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  6. Progressive loading
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Technology guides

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Tools

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  • localForage — A nice simple JavaScript library for making client-side data storage really simple; it uses IndexedDB by default and falls back to Web SQL/Web Storage if necessary.
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  • ServiceWorkerWare — An Express-like microframework for easy Service Worker development.
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  • oghliner — Not only a template but a tool for deploying Offline Web Apps to GitHub Pages.
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  • sw-precache — A node module to generate service worker code that will precache specific resources.
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  • workbox — Spiritual successor to sw-precache with more advanced caching strategies and easy precaching.
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  • upup — A tiny script that makes sure your site is always there for your users.
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  • The service worker cookbook — A series of excellent service worker/push recipes, showing how to implement an offline app, but also much more.
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  • PWA VS Code extension - A collection of all essential code snippets you need to build Progressive Web Apps right there in your VS Code environment.
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{{QuickLinksWithSubpages("/en-US/docs/Web/Progressive_web_apps/")}}
diff --git a/files/th/web/security/index.html b/files/th/web/security/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c00772364d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/security/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,238 @@ +--- +title: Web security +slug: Web/Security +tags: + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - Security + - TopicStub + - Web +translation_of: Web/Security +--- +
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Ensuring that your website or open web application is secure is critical. Even simple bugs in your code can result in private information being leaked, and bad people are out there trying to find ways to steal data. The web security-oriented articles listed here provide information that may help you secure your site and its code from attacks and data theft.

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Content security

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Content security policy (CSP)
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Content Security Policy ({{Glossary("CSP")}}) is an added layer of security that helps to detect and mitigate certain types of attacks, including Cross-Site Scripting ({{Glossary("XSS")}}) and data injection attacks. These attacks are used for everything from data theft to site defacement to the distribution of malware.
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Connection security

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Transport security layer (TLS)
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The Transport Layer Security ({{Glossary("TLS")}}) protocol is the standard for enabling two networked applications or devices to exchange information privately and robustly. Applications that use TLS can choose their security parameters, which can have a substantial impact on the security and reliability of data. This article provides an overview of TLS and the kinds of decisions you need to make when securing your content.
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HTTPS
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HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is an encrypted version of the HTTP protocol. It uses SSL or TLS to encrypt all communication between a client and a server. This secure connection allows clients to be sure that they are connected with the intended server, and to exchange sensitive data.
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HTTP Strict-Transport-Security
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The Strict-Transport-Security: HTTP header lets a website specify that it may only be accessed using HTTPS.
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Certificate Transparency
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Certificate Transparency is an open framework designed to protect against and monitor for certificate misissuances. Newly issued certificates are 'logged' to publicly run, often independent CT logs which maintain an append-only, cryptographically assured record of issued TLS certificates.
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Mixed content
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An HTTPS page that includes content fetched using cleartext HTTP is called a mixed content page. Pages like this are only partially encrypted, leaving the unencrypted content accessible to sniffers and man-in-the-middle attackers.
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How to fix a website with blocked mixed content
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If your website delivers HTTPS pages, all active mixed content delivered via HTTP on these pages will be blocked by default. Consequently, your website may appear broken to users (if iframes or plugins don't load, etc.). Passive mixed content is displayed by default, but users can set a preference to block this type of content, as well. This page explains what you should be aware of as a web developer.
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Secure contexts
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A secure context is a Window or Worker for which there is reasonable confidence that the content has been delivered securely (via HTTPS/TLS), and for which the potential for communication with contexts that are not secure is limited. Many Web APIs and features are accessible only in a secure context. The primary goal of secure contexts is to prevent man-in-the-middle attackers from accessing powerful APIs that could further compromise the victim of an attack.
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Features restricted to secure contexts
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This reference lists the web platform features available only in secure contexts.
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Weak signature algorithms
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The strength of the hash algorithm used in signing a digital certificate is a critical element of the security of the certificate. This article provides some information about signature algorithms known to be weak, so you can avoid them when appropriate.
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Redirection with 301 and 302 response codes
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to be written
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Data security

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Using HTTP Cookies
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An HTTP cookie (web cookie, browser cookie) is a small piece of data that a server sends to the user's web browser. The browser may store it and send it back with later requests to the same server. Typically, it's used to tell if two requests came from the same browser — keeping a user logged-in, for example.
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Local storage
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The Window object's Window.localStorage property is a way for servers to store data on a client that is persistent across sessions.
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Information leakage

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Referer header policy: privacy and security concerns
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There are privacy and security risks associated with the Referer HTTP header. This article describes them and offers advice on mitigating those risks.
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Robots.txt
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to be written
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Site maps
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to be written
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Integrity

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Same-origin policy
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The same-origin policy is a critical security mechanism that restricts how a document or script loaded from one origin can interact with a resource from another origin. It helps isolate potentially malicious documents, reducing possible attack vectors.
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Subresource integrity
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Subresource Integrity (SRI) is a security feature that enables browsers to verify that resources they fetch (for example, from a CDN) are delivered without unexpected manipulation. It works by allowing you to provide a cryptographic hash that a fetched resource must match.
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HTTP Access-Control-Allow-Origin
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The Access-Control-Allow-Origin response header indicates whether the response can be shared with requesting code from the given origin.
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HTTP X-Content-Type-Options
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The X-Content-Type-Options response HTTP header is a marker used by the server to indicate that the MIME types advertised in the Content-Type headers should not be changed and be followed. This is a way to opt-out of MIME type sniffing, or, in other words, to say that the MIME types are deliberately configured.

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Clickjacking protection

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In clickjacking, a user is fooled into clicking on a UI element that performs some action other than what the user expects. 

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HTTP X-Frame-Options
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The X-Frame-Options HTTP response header can be used to indicate whether or not a browser should be allowed to render a page in a <frame>, <iframe>, <embed> or <object>. Sites can use this to avoid clickjacking attacks, by ensuring that their content is not embedded into other sites.
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CSP: frame-ancestors
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The HTTP Content-Security-Policy (CSP) frame-ancestors directive specifies valid parents that may embed a page using <frame>, <iframe>, <object>, <embed>, or <applet>.
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User information security

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Insecure passwords
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Serving login forms over HTTP is especially dangerous because of the wide variety of attacks that can be used against them to extract a user’s password. Network eavesdroppers could steal a user's password by sniffing the network, or by modifying the served page in transit.
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Privacy and the :visited selector
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Before about 2010, the CSS :visited selector allowed websites to uncover a user's browsing history and figure out what sites the user had visited. To mitigate this problem, browsers have limited the amount of information that can be obtained from visited links.
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See also

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{{QuickLinksWithSubpages}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/security/mixed_content/index.html b/files/th/web/security/mixed_content/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8992059b18 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/security/mixed_content/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ +--- +title: Mixed content +slug: Web/Security/Mixed_content +tags: + - HTTP + - HTTPS + - NeedsTranslation + - Security + - TopicStub + - Web + - console +translation_of: Web/Security/Mixed_content +--- +

When a user visits a page served over {{Glossary("HTTPS")}}, their connection with the web server is encrypted with {{Glossary("TLS")}} and is therefore safeguarded from most sniffers and man-in-the-middle attacks. An HTTPS page that includes content fetched using cleartext HTTP is called a mixed content page. Pages like this are only partially encrypted, leaving the unencrypted content accessible to sniffers and man-in-the-middle attackers. That leaves the pages unsafe.

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Types of mixed content

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There are two categories for mixed content: mixed passive/display content and mixed active content. The difference lies in the threat level of the worst case scenario if content is rewritten as part of a man-in-the-middle attack. In the case of passive content, the threat is lower (the page may contain misleading content, or the user's cookies may be stolen). In the case of active content, the threat can lead to phishing, sensitive data disclosure, redirection to malicious sites, etc.

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Mixed passive/display content

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Mixed passive/display content is content served over HTTP that is included in an HTTPS webpage, but that cannot alter other portions of the webpage. For example, an attacker could replace an image served over HTTP with an inappropriate image or message to the user. The attacker could also infer information about the user's activities by watching which images are served to the user; often images are only served on a specific page within a website. If the attacker observes HTTP requests to certain images, they could determine which webpage the user is visiting.

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Passive content list

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This section lists all types of HTTP requests which are considered passive content:

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Mixed active content

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Mixed active content is content that has access to all or parts of the Document Object Model of the HTTPS page. This type of mixed content can alter the behavior of the HTTPS page and potentially steal sensitive data from the user. Hence, in addition to the risks described for mixed display content above, mixed active content is vulnerable to a few other attack vectors.

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In the mixed active content case, a man-in-the-middle attacker can intercept the request for the HTTP content. The attacker can also rewrite the response to include malicious JavaScript code. Malicious active content can steal the user's credentials, acquire sensitive data about the user, or attempt to install malware on the user's system (by leveraging vulnerabilities in the browser or its plugins, for example).

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The risk involved with mixed content does depend on the type of website the user is visiting and how sensitive the data exposed to that site may be. The webpage may have public data visible to the world or private data visible only when authenticated. If the webpage is public and has no sensitive data about the user, using mixed active content still provides the attacker with the opportunity to redirect the user to other HTTP pages and steal HTTP cookies from those sites.

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Active content examples

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This section lists some types of HTTP requests which are considered active content:

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Other resource types like web fonts and workers may be considered active mixed content, as they are in Chrome.

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Warnings in Web Console

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The Firefox Web Console displays a mixed content warning message in the Net pane when a page on your website has this issue. The mixed content resource that was loaded via HTTP will show up in red, along with the text "mixed content", which links to this page.

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Screen shot of the web console displaying a mixed content warning.

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As well as finding these warnings in the Web Console, you could use Content Security Policy (CSP) to report issues. You could also use an online crawler like SSL-check or Missing Padlock that will check your website recursively and find links to insecure content.

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Starting in Firefox 23, mixed active content is blocked by default (and mixed display content can be blocked by setting a preference). To make it easier for web developers to find mixed content errors, all blocked mixed content requests are logged to the Security pane of the Web Console, as seen below:

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A screenshot of blocked mixed content errors in the Security Pane of the Web Console

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To fix this type of error, all requests to HTTP content should be removed and replaced with content served over HTTPS. Some common examples of mixed content include JavaScript files, stylesheets, images, videos, and other media.

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Note: Since Firefox 55, the loading of mixed content is allowed on http://127.0.0.1/ (see {{bug(903966)}}). Chrome allows mixed content on http://127.0.0.1/ and http://localhost/. Safari does not allow any mixed content.

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See also

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{{QuickLinksWithSubpages("/en-US/docs/Web/Security")}}

diff --git a/files/th/web/tutorials/index.html b/files/th/web/tutorials/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..44d392ebd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/web/tutorials/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ +--- +title: Tutorials +slug: Web/Tutorials +tags: + - ผู้เริ่ม + - เบราว์เซอร์ +translation_of: Web/Tutorials +--- +

ลิงค์ในหน้านี้นำไปสู่บทเรียนและสื่อการฝึกอบรมที่หลากหลาย ไม่ว่าคุณจะเพิ่งเริ่มเรียนรู้พื้นฐานหรือเป็นมือเก่าในการพัฒนาเว็บคุณสามารถค้นหาแหล่งข้อมูลที่เป็นประโยชน์ที่นี่เพื่อการปฏิบัติที่ดีที่สุด

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ทรัพยากรเหล่านี้ถูกสร้างขึ้นโดย บริษัท ที่มีความคิดก้าวหน้าและนักพัฒนาเว็บที่ยอมรับมาตรฐานแบบเปิดและแนวปฏิบัติที่ดีที่สุดสำหรับการพัฒนาเว็บและให้หรืออนุญาตการแปลผ่านใบอนุญาตเนื้อหาแบบเปิดเช่น Creative Commons

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สำหรับผู้เริ่มต้นที่สามารถ​ติดต่อ​ขอ​ขอ​ขอ​ตมจบูรณ์บนเว็บ

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เริ่มต้นกับเว็บ
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การเริ่มต้นใช้งานเว็บเป็นชุดย่อที่แนะนำให้คุณรู้จักกับการปฏิบัติจริงของการพัฒนาเว็บ คุณจะตั้งค่าเครื่องมือที่คุณต้องการในการสร้างหน้าเว็บอย่างง่ายและเผยแพร่โค้ดอย่างง่ายของคุณเอง
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บทเรียน HTML

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ระดับเบื้องต้น

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รู้เบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับ HTML
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โมดูลนี้ตั้งค่าขั้นตอนให้คุณคุ้นเคยกับแนวคิดและไวยากรณ์ที่สำคัญดูที่การใช้ HTML กับข้อความวิธีสร้างการเชื่อมโยงหลายมิติและวิธีการใช้ HTML เพื่อจัดโครงสร้างหน้าเว็บ
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การอ้างอิงองค์ประกอบ MDN HTML
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การอ้างอิงที่ครอบคลุมสำหรับองค์ประกอบ HTML และวิธีการที่เบราว์เซอร์ต่างๆสนับสนุนพวกเขา
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การสร้างเว็บเพจอย่างง่ายด้วย HTML 
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คำแนะนำ HTML สำหรับผู้เริ่มต้นที่มีคำอธิบายของแท็กทั่วไปรวมถึงแท็ก HTML5 นอกจากนี้ยังมีคำแนะนำทีละขั้นตอนในการสร้างหน้าเว็บพื้นฐานพร้อมตัวอย่างโค้ด
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ความท้าทาย HTML 
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ใช้ความท้าทายเหล่านี้เพื่อฝึกฝนทักษะ HTML ของคุณ (ตัวอย่างเช่น "ฉันควรใช้องค์ประกอบ <h2> หรือองค์ประกอบ <strong> หรือไม่") โดยเน้นที่มาร์กอัปที่มีความหมาย
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ระดับกลาง

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มัลติมีเดียและการฝัง
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โมดูลนี้สำรวจวิธีการใช้ HTML เพื่อรวมมัลติมีเดียในหน้าเว็บของคุณรวมถึงวิธีการต่าง ๆ ที่สามารถรวมรูปภาพและวิธีฝังวิดีโอเสียงและแม้แต่หน้าเว็บอื่น ๆ ทั้งหมด
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ตาราง HTML
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Representing tabular data on a webpage in an understandable, {{glossary("Accessibility", "accessible")}} way can be a challenge. This module covers basic table markup, along with more complex features such as implementing captions and summaries.
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Advanced level

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HTML forms
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Forms are a very important part of the Web — these provide much of the functionality you need for interacting with websites, e.g. registering and logging in, sending feedback, buying products, and more. This module gets you started with creating the client-side parts of forms.
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Tips for authoring fast-loading HTML pages
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Optimize web pages to provide a more responsive site for visitors and reduce the load on your web server and Internet connection.
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CSS Tutorials

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Introductory level

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CSS basics
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CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) เป็นรหัสที่คุณใช้เพื่อจัดรูปแบบหน้าเว็บของคุณ CSS Basicsนำคุณไปสู่สิ่งที่คุณต้องเริ่มต้น เราจะตอบคำถามเช่น: ฉันจะทำให้ข้อความของฉันเป็นสีดำหรือสีแดงได้อย่างไร ฉันจะทำให้เนื้อหาของฉันปรากฏในสถานที่เช่นนั้นบนหน้าจอได้อย่างไร ฉันจะตกแต่งเว็บเพจด้วยภาพพื้นหลังและสีได้อย่างไร
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CSS เบื้องต้น
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โมดูลนี้มีเนื้อหาเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับวิธีการทำงานของ CSS รวมถึงตัวเลือกและคุณสมบัติการเขียนกฎ CSS การใช้ CSS กับ HTML วิธีการระบุความยาวสีและหน่วยอื่น ๆ ใน CSS การเรียงซ้อนและการสืบทอดข้อมูลพื้นฐานโมเดลโมเดลและการดีบัก CSS
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กล่องใส่สไตล์
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ต่อไปเราจะดูกล่องใส่สไตล์ซึ่งเป็นหนึ่งในขั้นตอนพื้นฐานในการวางหน้าเว็บ ในโมดูลนี้เราสรุปโมเดลของกล่องจากนั้นดูที่การควบคุมเลย์เอาต์ของกล่องโดยการตั้งค่าช่องว่างภายในขอบและระยะขอบการตั้งค่าสีพื้นหลังที่กำหนดเองรูปภาพและคุณสมบัติอื่น ๆ และคุณสมบัติแฟนซีเช่นเงาและตัวกรองบนกล่อง
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ข้อความสไตล์
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ที่นี่เราดูที่พื้นฐานการใส่สไตล์ข้อความรวมถึงการตั้งค่าแบบอักษรความหนาและตัวเอียงตัวเว้นบรรทัดและตัวอักษรและเงาและตัวอักษรและคุณสมบัติข้อความอื่น ๆ เราปัดเศษโมดูลโดยดูที่การใช้ฟอนต์ที่กำหนดเองกับหน้าของคุณและรายการจัดแต่งทรงผมและลิงค์
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คำถาม CSS ทั่วไป
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คำถามและคำตอบทั่วไปสำหรับผู้เริ่มต้น
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ระดับกลาง

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โครงร่าง CSS
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ณ จุดนี้เราได้ดูพื้นฐาน CSS, วิธีจัดรูปแบบข้อความและวิธีจัดรูปแบบและจัดการกล่องที่เนื้อหาของคุณอยู่ภายใน ตอนนี้เป็นเวลาที่จะดูวิธีการวางกล่องของคุณในสถานที่ที่เหมาะสมในความสัมพันธ์กับวิวพอร์ตและอีกคนหนึ่ง เราได้ครอบคลุมข้อกำหนดเบื้องต้นที่จำเป็นเพื่อให้สามารถดำน้ำลึกลงในเค้าโครง CSS ได้โดยดูที่การตั้งค่าการแสดงผลที่แตกต่างกันวิธีการจัดวางแบบดั้งเดิมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการลอยและการวางตำแหน่งและเครื่องมือเค้าโครงแบบใหม่
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การอ้างอิง CSS
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อ้างอิง CSS ทั้งหมดโดยมีรายละเอียดเกี่ยวกับการสนับสนุนโดย Firefox และเบราว์เซอร์อื่น ๆ
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กริดของไหล
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ออกแบบเลย์เอาต์ที่ปรับขนาดได้อย่างคล่องแคล่วกับหน้าต่างเบราว์เซอร์ในขณะที่ยังคงใช้ตารางตัวพิมพ์
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ความท้าทาย CSS 
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ยืดหยุ่นทักษะ CSS ของคุณและดูว่าคุณต้องการฝึกฝนอะไรมาก
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ระดับสูง

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การใช้การแปลง CSS
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ใช้การหมุนการเอียงการปรับขนาดและการแปลโดยใช้ CSS
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การเปลี่ยน CSS
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การเปลี่ยน CSS ซึ่งเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของข้อกำหนด CSS3 แบบร่างให้วิธีในการสร้างการเปลี่ยนแปลงคุณสมบัติของ CSS แทนที่จะทำให้การเปลี่ยนแปลงมีผลทันที
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คู่มือฉบับย่อเพื่อปรับใช้แบบอักษรบนเว็บ (ด้วย @ font-face) 
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คุณลักษณะ @ font-face จาก CSS3 ช่วยให้คุณใช้แบบอักษรที่กำหนดเองบนเว็บในแบบที่เข้าถึงได้จัดการได้และปรับขนาดได้
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เริ่มเขียน CSS 
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การแนะนำเครื่องมือและวิธีการในการเขียน CSS ที่กระชับง่ายต่อการบำรุงรักษาและปรับขนาดได้
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แบบฝึกหัด Canvas
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เรียนรู้วิธีการวาดกราฟิกโดยใช้สคริปต์โดยใช้องค์ประกอบภาพวาด
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HTML5 Doctor
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บทความเกี่ยวกับการใช้ HTML5 ในขณะนี้
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จาวาสคริปต์

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ระดับเบื้องต้น

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JavaScript ขั้นตอนแรก
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ในโมดูล JavaScript แรกของเราเราจะตอบคำถามพื้นฐานบางอย่างเช่น "JavaScript คืออะไร", "มันมีลักษณะอย่างไร" และ "ทำอะไรได้บ้าง" ก่อนที่จะนำคุณไปสู่ประสบการณ์การใช้งานจริงครั้งแรกของคุณ ของการเขียน JavaScript หลังจากนั้นเราจะพูดถึงคุณสมบัติที่สำคัญของ JavaScript ในรายละเอียดเช่นตัวแปรสตริงตัวเลขและอาร์เรย์
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การสร้างบล็อก JavaScript
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ในโมดูลนี้เรายังคงให้ความสำคัญกับคุณสมบัติพื้นฐานที่สำคัญทั้งหมดของ JavaScript โดยหันความสนใจไปที่ประเภทของบล็อคโค้ดที่พบทั่วไปเช่นข้อความสั่งเงื่อนไขเงื่อนไขลูปฟังก์ชันและกิจกรรม คุณเคยเห็นสิ่งนี้มาแล้วในหลักสูตร แต่เมื่อผ่านไป - ที่นี่เราจะพูดถึงมันทั้งหมดอย่างชัดเจน
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เริ่มต้นกับ JavaScript
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JavaScript คืออะไรและจะช่วยคุณได้อย่างไร
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Codecademy 
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Codecademy เป็นวิธีที่ง่ายในการเรียนรู้วิธีการรหัส JavaScript มันเป็นแบบโต้ตอบและคุณสามารถทำได้กับเพื่อนของคุณ
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freeCodeCamp
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freeCodeCamp สอนภาษาและกรอบต่าง ๆ สำหรับการพัฒนาเว็บ นอกจากนี้ยังมี  ฟอรั่มการ  สถานีวิทยุอินเทอร์เน็ตและบล็อก
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ระดับกลาง

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แนะนำวัตถุ JavaScript
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ใน JavaScript สิ่งต่าง ๆ ส่วนใหญ่เป็นวัตถุตั้งแต่คุณสมบัติหลักของ JavaScript เช่นสตริงและอาร์เรย์ไปจนถึง API ของเบราว์เซอร์ที่สร้างขึ้นจาก JavaScript คุณสามารถสร้างวัตถุของคุณเองเพื่อแค็ปซูลฟังก์ชั่นและตัวแปรที่เกี่ยวข้องลงในแพ็คเกจที่มีประสิทธิภาพ ลักษณะเชิงวัตถุของ JavaScript นั้นมีความสำคัญที่จะต้องเข้าใจหากคุณต้องการเพิ่มเติมความรู้ภาษาและเขียนโค้ดที่มีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้นดังนั้นเราจึงได้จัดเตรียมโมดูลนี้เพื่อช่วยคุณ ที่นี่เราสอนทฤษฎีของวัตถุและไวยากรณ์อย่างละเอียดดูที่วิธีสร้างวัตถุของคุณเองและอธิบายว่าข้อมูล JSON คืออะไรและทำงานอย่างไรกับมัน
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APIs เว็บฝั่งไคลเอ็นต์
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เมื่อเขียน JavaScript ฝั่งไคลเอ็นต์สำหรับเว็บไซต์หรือแอปพลิเคชันคุณจะไม่ไปไกลมากนักก่อนที่คุณจะเริ่มใช้ API - ส่วนต่อประสานสำหรับจัดการกับแง่มุมต่าง ๆ ของเบราว์เซอร์และระบบปฏิบัติการที่เว็บไซต์ทำงานอยู่หรือแม้แต่ข้อมูลจากเว็บไซต์หรือบริการอื่น ๆ . ในโมดูลนี้เราจะสำรวจว่า API คืออะไรและวิธีใช้ API ทั่วไปที่คุณพบเจอบ่อยครั้งในงานพัฒนาของคุณ 
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บทนำสู่ JavaScript
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บทสรุปของภาษาการเขียนโปรแกรม JavaScript มุ่งเป้าไปที่นักพัฒนาระดับกลาง
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ฝีปากจาวาสคริปต์
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คู่มือที่ครอบคลุมถึงวิธีการใช้งาน JavaScript ระดับกลางและระดับสูง
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การพูดจาวาสคริปต์ 
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สำหรับโปรแกรมเมอร์ที่ต้องการเรียนรู้ JavaScript อย่างรวดเร็วและถูกต้องและสำหรับโปรแกรมเมอร์ JavaScript ที่ต้องการเพิ่มพูนทักษะและ / หรือค้นหาหัวข้อเฉพาะ
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รูปแบบการออกแบบ JavaScript ที่สำคัญ 
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คำแนะนำเกี่ยวกับรูปแบบการออกแบบ JavaScript ที่สำคัญ
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ระดับสูง

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คู่มือการใช้งาน JavaScript
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คู่มือที่ครอบคลุมและอัปเดตเป็นประจำเพื่อ JavaScript สำหรับการเรียนรู้ทุกระดับตั้งแต่เริ่มต้นจนถึงขั้นสูง
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คุณไม่รู้ JS 
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ชุดของหนังสือดำน้ำลึกเข้าไปในกลไกหลักของภาษาจาวา
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จาวาสคริปต์การ์เด้น
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เอกสารของส่วนที่แปลกประหลาดที่สุดของ JavaScript
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สำรวจ ES6 
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ข้อมูลที่เชื่อถือได้และในเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับ ECMAScript 2015
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รูปแบบ JavaScript
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รูปแบบ JavaScript และคอลเลกชัน antipattern ที่ครอบคลุมรูปแบบการทำงานรูปแบบ jQuery รูปแบบปลั๊กอิน jQuery รูปแบบการออกแบบรูปแบบทั่วไปตัวอักษรและรูปแบบตัวสร้างรูปแบบการสร้างวัตถุรูปแบบการใช้รหัสซ้ำ DOM
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เบราว์เซอร์ทำงานอย่างไร
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บทความวิจัยโดยละเอียดที่อธิบายถึงเบราว์เซอร์ที่ทันสมัยเครื่องมือการแสดงผลหน้า ฯลฯ
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วิดีโอ JavaScript 
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คอลเลกชันวิดีโอ JavaScript เพื่อดู
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การพัฒนาเสริม

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WebExtensions
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WebExtensions เป็นระบบข้ามเบราว์เซอร์สำหรับการพัฒนาโปรแกรมเสริมของเบราว์เซอร์ ในระดับใหญ่ระบบสามารถทำงานร่วมกับAPI ส่วนขยายที่รองรับโดย Google Chrome และ Opera ส่วนใหญ่ที่เขียนไว้สำหรับเบราว์เซอร์เหล่านี้ส่วนใหญ่จะทำงานใน Firefox หรือMicrosoft Edgeโดยมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงเล็กน้อย API ที่ยังเป็นอย่างเข้ากันได้กับmultiprocess Firefox
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diff --git a/files/th/zones/index.html b/files/th/zones/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0ce4d6ea6c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/th/zones/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +--- +title: โซน +slug: Zones +translation_of: Zones +--- +

MDN โซน คือศูนย์รวบรวมข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับหัวข้อและผลิตภัณฑ์ต่างๆ รายการที่เห็นด้านล่างคือโซนทั้งหมดที่เรามีอยู่ตอนนี้

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สร้างเว็บและแอป 

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ศูนย์รวมแอป
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Learn how to create open Web apps—rich experiences that run across multiple devices and form factors—using the same Web standards and open technologies you already know.
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เรียนรู้
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This zone is all about articles to help newcomers to Web development get started in this exciting new world.
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เครื่องมือสำหรับนักพัฒนาแอป
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Learn how to use the Firefox developer tools to debug, test, and optimize your Web apps and sites.
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ตลาด Firefox
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An open, non-proprietary online marketplace for Web applications built using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Submit apps to the Firefox Marketplace or use the code to build your own marketplace.
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Game development
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Learn how to develop games for the Web, how to port existing games to Web technologies, and how to turn your games into Web apps.
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ผลิตภัณฑ์และโครงการ

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Emscripten
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An LLVM to JavaScript compiler; this lets you compile, for example, C++ code into JavaScript code which can be run in any Web browser.
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L20n
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A JavaScript localization framework for unleashing your natural language's power with simple code.
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The MDN project
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The Mozilla Developer Network (this site) relies on its community of readers and contributors to grow and improve. You can learn here how to help use, contribute to, and build the code behind MDN!
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Persona
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A new simple, privacy-sensitive single-sign in system developed by Mozilla which lets users log into your Web site using their email address, freeing you from password management.
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เทคโนโลยีของ Mozilla

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Add-ons
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Learn how to build and install extensions, themes, and plug-ins for Mozilla-based software, including the popular Firefox Web browser.
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Firefox
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Learn all about Firefox, from how to build and revise it to how to build add-ons specifically for it.
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Firefox OS
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A new mobile operating system developed by Mozilla which lets users install and run open Web applications created using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
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+/tr/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array /tr/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array +/tr/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/concat /tr/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/concat +/tr/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype /tr/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype +/tr/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Hakkinda /tr/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Hakkinda +/tr/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout /tr/docs/%C3%96%C4%9Fren/CSS/CSS_layout +/tr/docs/Learn/CSS/CSS_layout/K%C4%B1lavuzlar /tr/docs/%C3%96%C4%9Fren/CSS/CSS_layout/K%C4%B1lavuzlar +/tr/docs/Learn/HTML /tr/docs/%C3%96%C4%9Fren/HTML +/tr/docs/Learn/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML /tr/docs/%C3%96%C4%9Fren/HTML/Introduction_to_HTML +/tr/docs/Learn/Server-side /tr/docs/%C3%96%C4%9Fren/Server-side +/tr/docs/Learn/Server-side/Django /tr/docs/%C3%96%C4%9Fren/Server-side/Django +/tr/docs/MDN/Contribute/Editor /tr/docs/MDN/Editor +/tr/docs/MDN/Contribute/Editor/Basics 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"contributors": [ + "peterbe", + "tudecem" + ] + }, + "Öğren/JavaScript": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:29:45.284Z", + "contributors": [ + "pasalog", + "enesanbar" + ] + }, + "Öğren/JavaScript/First_steps": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:29:55.523Z", + "contributors": [ + "busines.plan.16" + ] + }, + "Öğren/JavaScript/First_steps/Javascripte_giris": { + "modified": "2020-08-31T10:02:41.505Z", + "contributors": [ + "aydgn" + ] + }, + "Öğren/JavaScript/Objeler": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:31:53.513Z", + "contributors": [ + "berabulut", + "dotRaikkonen", + "truefalseman", + "volkansag", + "enginkartal" + ] + }, + "Öğren/JavaScript/Objeler/Basics": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:32:02.139Z", + "contributors": [ + "ArinSoftware", + "AtlasCan" + ] + }, + "Öğren/Server-side": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:36:02.262Z", + "contributors": [ + "jwhitlock", + "chrisdavidmills" + ] + }, + "Öğren/Server-side/Django": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:36:35.695Z", + "contributors": [ + "jwhitlock", + "chrisdavidmills" + ] + }, + "Öğren/Server-side/Django/Authentication": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:37:24.649Z", + "contributors": [ + "safaariman", + "icanates" + ] + }, + "Öğren/Server-side/Django/Sessions": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:37:28.248Z", + "contributors": [ + "ozgurturkiye", + "icanates" + ] + }, + "Öğren/Server-side/Django/website_iskeleti": { + "modified": "2020-07-16T22:36:54.756Z", + "contributors": [ + "hakanergul" + ] + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/browser_console/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/browser_console/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..542c9f6b28 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/browser_console/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,187 @@ +--- +title: Browser Console +slug: Araclar/Browser_Console +tags: + - Developer + - Tutorial + - WebGL + - WebMechanics + - WebRTC +translation_of: Tools/Browser_Console +--- +
    {{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

The Browser Console is like the Web Console, but applied to the whole browser rather than a single content tab.

+ +

So it logs the same sorts of information as the Web Console - network requests, JavaScript, CSS, and security errors and warnings, and messages explicitly logged by JavaScript code. However, rather than logging this information for a single content tab, it logs information for all content tabs, for add-ons, and for the browser's own code.

+ +

If you also want to use the other web developer tools in the regular Web Toolbox with add-on or browser code, consider using the Browser Toolbox.

+ +

Similarly, you can execute JavaScript expressions using the Browser Console. But while the Web Console executes code in the page window scope, the Browser Console executes them in the scope of the browser's chrome window. This means you can interact with all the browser's tabs using the gBrowser global, and even with the XUL used to specify the browser's user interface.

+ +
+

NB: The Browser Console command line (to execute JavaScript expressions) is disabled by default. To enable it set the devtools.chrome.enabled preference to true in about:config, or set the "Enable browser {{Glossary("chrome")}} and add-on debugging toolboxes" (Firefox 40 and later)  option in the developer tool settings.

+
+ +

Opening the Browser Console

+ +

You can open the Browser Console in one of two ways:

+ +
    +
  1. from the menu: select "Browser Console" from the Web Developer submenu in the Firefox Menu (or Tools menu if you display the menu bar or are on macOS).
    2. +
  2. from the keyboard: press Ctrl+Shift+J (or Cmd+Shift+J on a Mac).
    3. +
+ +

You can also start the Browser Console by launching Firefox from the command line and passing the -jsconsole argument:

+ +
/Applications/FirefoxAurora.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox-bin -jsconsole
+ +

The Browser Console looks like this:

+ +

+ +

You can see that the Browser Console looks and behaves very much like the Web Console:

+ + + +

Beginning with Firefox 68, the Browser Console allows you to show or hide messages from the content process (i.e. the messages from scripts in all the opened pages) by setting or clearing the checkbox labeled Show Content Messages. The following image shows the browser console focused on the same page as above after clicking on the Show Content Messages checkbox.

+ +

+ +

Browser Console logging

+ +

The Browser console logs the same sorts of messages as the Web Console:

+ + + +

However, it displays such messages from:

+ + + +

Messages from add-ons

+ +

The Browser Console displays messages logged by all Firefox add-ons.

+ +

Console.jsm

+ +

To use the console API from a traditional or bootstrapped add-on, get it from the Console module.

+ +

One exported symbol from Console.jsm is "console". Below is an example of how to access it, which adds a message to the Browser Console.

+ +
Components.utils.import("resource://gre/modules/Console.jsm");
+console.log("Hello from Firefox code"); //output messages to the console
+ +

Learn more:

+ + + +

HUDService

+ +

There is also the HUDService which allows access to the Browse Console. The module is available at Mozilla DXR. We see we can not only access the Browser Console but also Web Console.

+ +

Here is an example on how to clear the contents of the Browser console:

+ +
Components.utils.import("resource://devtools/shared/Loader.jsm");
+var HUDService = devtools.require("devtools/client/webconsole/hudservice");
+
+var hud = HUDService.getBrowserConsole();
+hud.jsterm.clearOutput(true);
+ +

If you would like to access the content document of the Browser Console this can be done with the HUDService. This example here makes it so that when you mouse over the "Clear" button it will clear the Browser Console:

+ +
Components.utils.import("resource://devtools/shared/Loader.jsm");
+var HUDService = devtools.require("devtools/client/webconsole/hudservice");
+
+var hud = HUDService.getBrowserConsole();
+
+var clearBtn = hud.chromeWindow.document.querySelector('.webconsole-clear-console-button');
+clearBtn.addEventListener('mouseover', function() {
+  hud.jsterm.clearOutput(true);
+}, false);
+ +

Bonus Features Available

+ +

For Add-on SDK add-ons, the console API is available automatically. Here's an example add-on that just logs an error when the user clicks a widget:

+ +
widget = require("sdk/widget").Widget({
+  id: "an-error-happened",
+  label: "Error!",
+  width: 40,
+  content: "Error!",
+  onClick: logError
+});
+
+function logError() {
+  console.error("something went wrong!");
+}
+ +

If you build this as an XPI file, then open the Browser Console, then open the XPI file in Firefox and install it, you'll see a widget labeled "Error!" in the Add-on bar:

+ +

Click the icon. You'll see output like this in the Browser Console:

+ +

+ +

For Add-on SDK-based add-ons only, the message is prefixed with the name of the add-on ("log-error"), making it easy to find all messages from this add-on using the "Filter output" search box. By default, only error messages are logged to the console, although you can change this in the browser's preferences.

+ +

Browser Console command line

+ +
+

The Browser Console command line is disabled by default. To enable it set the devtools.chrome.enabled preference to true in about:config, or set the "Enable chrome debugging" option in the developer tool settings.

+
+ +

Like the Web Console, the command line interpreter enables you to evaluate JavaScript expressions in real time:Also like the Web Console's command line interpreter, this command line supports autocomplete, history, and various keyboard shortcuts and helper commands. If the result of a command is an object, you can click on the object to see its details.

+ +

But while the Web Console executes code in the scope of the content window it's attached to, the browser console executes code in the scope of the chrome window of the browser. You can confirm this by evaluating window:

+ +

+ +

This means you can control the browser: opening, closing tabs and windows and changing the content that they host, and modify the browser's UI by creating, changing and removing XUL elements.

+ +

Controlling the browser

+ +

The command line interpreter gets access to the tabbrowser object, through the gBrowser global, and that enables you to control the browser through the command line. Try running this code in the Browser Console's command line (remember that to send multiple lines to the Browser Console, use Shift+Enter):

+ +
var newTabBrowser = gBrowser.getBrowserForTab(gBrowser.selectedTab);
+newTabBrowser.addEventListener("load", function() {
+  newTabBrowser.contentDocument.body.innerHTML = "<h1>this page has been eaten</h1>";
+}, true);
+newTabBrowser.contentDocument.location.href = "https://mozilla.org/";
+ +

It adds a listener to the currently selected tab's load event that will eat the new page, then loads a new page.

+ +
+

Note: You can restart the browser with the command Ctrl + Alt + R (Windows, Linux) or Cmd + Alt + R (Mac) This command restarts the browser with the same tabs open as before the restart.

+
+ +

Modifying the browser UI

+ +

Since the global window object is the browser's chrome window, you can also modify the browser's user interface. On Windows, the following code will add a new item to the browser's main menu:

+ +
var parent = window.document.getElementById("appmenuPrimaryPane");
+var makeTheTea = gBrowser.ownerDocument.defaultView.document.createElementNS("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul", "menuitem");
+makeTheTea.setAttribute("label", "A nice cup of tea?");
+parent.appendChild(makeTheTea);
+ +

On macOS, this similar code will add a new item to the "Tools" menu:

+ +
var parent = window.document.getElementById("menu_ToolsPopup");
+var makeTheTea = gBrowser.ownerDocument.defaultView.document.createElementNS("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul", "menuitem");
+makeTheTea.setAttribute("label", "A nice cup of tea?");
+parent.appendChild(makeTheTea);
+ +

diff --git "a/files/tr/araclar/hataay\304\261klay\304\261c\304\261/index.html" "b/files/tr/araclar/hataay\304\261klay\304\261c\304\261/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..36f2ee5531 --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/tr/araclar/hataay\304\261klay\304\261c\304\261/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +--- +title: Hata ayıklayıcı +slug: Araclar/HataAyıklayıcı +tags: + - '#HataAyıklayıcı #HataAyıklama #JavaScript' +translation_of: Tools/Debugger +--- +
+

Bu sayfa Firefox 52 veya daha üzeri sürümdeki JavaScript Hata Ayıklayıcı'yı tanıtır. Daha önceki sürümlerde nasıl olduğunu görmek için  Debugger (before Firefox 52).

+ +

Eğer Firefox 52 veya daha yeni sürüm kullanıyor ve  eski Hata Ayıklayıcı'ya dönmek istiyorsanız, about:config adresini ziyaret edip  "devtools.debugger.new-debugger-frontend" tercihini false yaparak başarabilirsiniz. 

+
+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("QK4hKWmJVLo")}}

+ +

JavaScript Hata Ayıklayıcı, hataları izlemenize yardımcı olması için JavaScript kodunu adım adım izlemenize veya durumunu değiştirmenize olanak tanır.

+ +

Onu Firefox'ta yerel olarak hata ayıklamak için veya uzaktan çalıştırılabilir. Örneğin Android cihazda Android için Firefox çalışırken. Uzaktaki bir hedefe nasıl bağlanıldığını öğrenmek için  Remote debugging sayfasını ziyaret edin.

+ +

Hata Ayıklayıcı Firefox'ta yerleşik olarak bulunur, ve bu sayfalar Firefox'ta gömülü bu özelliği açıklar. Ancak onu bağımsız bir web uygulaması olarak da çalıştırabilirsiniz, ve daha sonra onu hata ayıklamak için diğer tarayıcılarda ve düğümde kullanabilirsiniz. Daha fazla detay için projenin GitHub deposuna bakabilirsiniz: project's GitHub repository.

+ +

Yeni Hata Ayıklayıcı  — henüz — eski Hata Ayıklayıcı'nın tüm özelliklerini desteklemiyor. Şuradan bakın: Limitations of the new debugger.

+ +
+

Kullanıcı Arayüz Turu

+ +

Hata Ayıklayıcı'da yolunuzu bulmak için size küçük bir tur : quick tour of the UI.

+ +
+

Nasıl?

+ +

Hata Ayıklayıcı'da ne yapabileceğinizi bulmak için aşağıdaki Nasıl? Rehberini takip edin:

+ +
+ +
+ +
+

Referans

+ +
+ +
diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9c2e82ecb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ +--- +title: Firefox Geliştirici Araçları +slug: Araclar +tags: + - Türkçe Firefox Devop Toolls + - firefox aurora + - geliştirici araçları +translation_of: Tools +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +
HTML, CSS ve JavaScript'i telefonundan ve masaüstü bilgisayarından incele, düzenle ve ayıkla. Geliştirici araçları son sürümleri için Firefox Gelistirici Sürümü'nü indir.
+ +
+

Aurora' da neler yeni?

+Son Firefox Aurora dağıtımı Firefox 27' dir, ve geliştirici araçları için bu güncellemeleri içerir: + + +
+ +
+

Seçmenler adipiscing lorem ipsum dolor elit, sit amet. Kazanan sonuc Maecenas futbol. Maecenas korkar. Tamam bir, çalışan, çapı yaşamak, olmayan lütfen, kolay Hayat, Hayim. Ama vadi Eleman Am rafa sohbet. Hamil finanse Hemen başlayın.Firefox Geliştirici Araçları'nı HTML and CSS'i incelemek ve düzenlemek, JavaScript'te hata ayıklamak ve sayfa içinde JavaScript'i çalıştırmak için kullanabilirsiniz. Bir sayfayı yüklerken tarayıcınızın karşılaştığı JavaScript ve CSS uyarı ve hatalarını görebilmeye ek olarak, ağ isteklerini görmek için de bu geliştirici araçlarını kullanabilirsiniz. 

+ +
Android için Firefox ve yakında Firefox OS çalıştıran kodda hata ayıklamak için geliştirici araçlarını kullanabilirsiniz. Mobil geliştirmeyi hedefleyen araçlar da sağladık: Duyarlı Tasarım Görünümü, bir sitenin küçük bir ekranda nasıl görüneceğini görmenin hızlı bir yoludur ve Firefox OS Simulator, bir Firefox OS uygulamasını masaüstünde gerek kalmadan çalıştırmanıza ve hata ayıklamanıza olanak tanır gerçek bir Firefox OS cihazı kullanmak için.
+ +
+ +
Firefox eklentileri hata ayıklayıcı API'sına erişebilir, böylece yerleşik araçları genişleten ve geliştiren kendi geliştirici araçlarınızı oluşturabilirsiniz. Uzaktan hata ayıklama protokolü ile kendi hata ayıklama istemcilerinizi ve sunucularınızı uygulayabilir, böylece kendi araçlarınızı kullanarak web sitelerinde hata ayıklama veya Firefox araçlarını kullanarak farklı hedeflerde hata ayıklama yapabilirsiniz.
+ +
+

Araç Kutusu

+ +

Araç Kutusu, Firefox içindeki tüm Geliştirici Araçları'nı tek çatı altına toplamayı sağlamaktadır.

+ +
+
Sayfa Denetçisi
+
Görünüm ve seçili öğe için HTML ve CSS ayarları.
+
Web Konsolu
+
Web sayfası yükleyen browser tarafından gönderilen bilgi, uyarı ve hata mesajlarını görün, ve JavaScript kullanarak sayfayı inceleyin ve degiştirin.
+
Biçim Editörü
+
Sayfanızdaki CSS ayarlarını görün ve düzenleyin.
+
JavaScript Debugger
+
Browserda calışan JavaScript kodunu inceleyin ve değişkenleri takip ederek kodunuzu debug edin.
+
JavaScript Profiler
+
Profiler'ı kullanarak JavaScript'inizin vaktini nerede harcadığını anlayın.
+
Ağ izleyici
+
Bir sayfa yüklendiğinde gerçekleşen bütün ağ taleplerini ve ne kadar süre aldıklarını inceleyin.
+
Shader Editör
+
Görüntüleme ve düzenleme köşe ve kullandığı parçası shader WebGL .
+
+
+ +
+

Mobil

+ +

Elbette mobil web geliştiricileri de web geliştiricileridir. Bu nedenle wen geliştirme araçlarının çoğunun mobil wen geliştiricilerini de ilgilendiriyor.Fakat sadece mobil geliştirmeyi hedefleyen bazı araçlar da hazırladık.

+ +
+
Uzaktan Hata Ayıklama
+
Android cihazında USB üzerinden hata ayıklamak için geliştirici araçlarını kullanın.
+
Firefox OS Simülatör
+
Gerçek bir Firefox OS cihazı kullanmanıza gerek kalmadan masaüstünde Firefox OS uygulamanızı çalıştırın ve hata ayıklayın.
+
Responsive Tasarım Görünümü
+
Tarayıcı pencerenizin boyutunu değiştirmeden web sitenizin veya uygulamanızın farklı ekran boyutlarında nasıl görüneceğini görün..
+
+
+ +
+

Bağımsız Araçlar

+ +

Bu araçlar Firefox'a dahil edilebilir, ama kullanıcı arayüzleri (GUI) Araç Kutusu'na entegre edilemezler.

+ +
+
Çalışma defteri
+
Yazdığınız ve JavaScript yürütmek sağlar Firefox yerleşik bir metin editörü.
+
Tarayıcı Konsol
+
içerik, krom içeren tarayıcıda çalışan tüm JavaScript kodundan mesajlarına bakın ve eklentileri. krom pencerenin bağlamda JavaScript kodunu yürütün.
+
Geliştirici Araç Çubuğu
+
Bir komut satırı arayüzü en sık kullanılan araçlara hızlı erişim için geliştirici Firefox'ta araçları ve düğmelerle işlemek ve çalışmak için.
+
3D Görünüm
+
"Tilt", bu mevcut sayfanın 3D görselleştirme sağlar olarak da bilinir.
+
Yanıp sönen Aracı Boya
+
Boya yanıp sönen aracı siteyle ilgili olası performans sorunları teşhis etmek için yardımcı olaylar karşısında yeniden boyanması ve tarayıcı penceresinin bir kısmını vurgular.
+
+
+
+ +
+

Diğer Kaynaklar

+ +

Mozilla'nın geliştirici araçları ekibi tarafından tutulan ancak değil bu bölümde listelenmiştir kaynakları yaygın web geliştiricileri tarafından kullanılır. Biz bu listedeki birkaç Firefox eklentileri dahil, fakat tam liste için bkz ettik addons.mozilla.org "Web Geliştirme" kategorisinde .

+ +
+
kundakçı
+
bir JavaScript debugger, HTML ve CSS düzenleyici ve gösterici ve ağ monitör de dahil olmak üzere bir çok popüler ve güçlü bir web geliştirme aracı.
+
DOM Ayıklayıcı
+
web sayfaları veya XUL pencerelerin DOM göz, kontrol ve düzenleme.
+
Web Geliştirici
+
Bir menü ve çeşitli web geliştirici araçları ile tarayıcıya bir araç çubuğu ekler.
+
Web Tasarım Aracı
+
Mozilla tarafından geliştirilen araçlar kümesi, insanlar Internet gelişimi ile başlarken amaçlayan.
+
W3C Doğrulayıcı
+
W3C web sitesinin dahil olmak üzere web geçerliliğini kontrol etmek bir dizi araç barındıran HTML ve CSS .
+
JSHint
+
JavaScript kod analiz aracı
+
diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/page_inspector/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/page_inspector/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f50c28aa5c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/page_inspector/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +--- +title: Page Inspector +slug: Araclar/Page_Inspector +translation_of: Tools/Page_Inspector +--- +

Bir sayfanın HTML'sini ve CSS'sini incelemek ve değiştirmek için Page Inspector'ı kullanın.

+ +

Firefox'un yerel kopyasında yüklü olan sayfaları veya Android için Firefox gibi uzak bir hedefi inceleyebilirsiniz. Geliştirici araçlarını uzak bir hedefe nasıl bağlayacağınızı öğrenmek için uzaktan hata ayıklamaya bakın.

+ +

Kullanıcı Arayüzü Turu

+ +

Page Inspector'daki yolunuzu bulmak için, arayüzü hızlı bir şekilde gezin.

+ +

Nasıl

+ +

Inspector'la neler yapabileceğinizi öğrenmek için, aşağıdaki kılavuzları inceleyin:

+ +
+ +
+ +

Reference

+ +
+ +
diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/performance/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/performance/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..803e590515 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/performance/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ +--- +title: Performance +slug: Araclar/Performance +translation_of: Tools/Performance +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

The Performance tool gives you insight into your site's general responsiveness, JavaScript and layout performance. With the Performance tool you create a recording, or profile, of your site over a period of time. The tool then shows you an overview of the things the browser was doing to render your site over the profile, and a graph of the frame rate over the profile.

+ +

You get four sub-tools to examine aspects of the profile in more detail:

+ + + +

{{EmbedYouTube("WBmttwfA_k8")}}

+ +
+

Getting started

+ +
+
+
+
UI Tour
+
+

To find your way around the Performance tool, here's a quick tour of the UI.

+
+
+
+ +
+
+
How to
+
Basic tasks: open the tool, create, save, load, and configure recordings
+
+
+
+ +
+

Components of the Performance tool

+ +
+
+
+
Frame rate
+
Understand your site's overall responsiveness.
+
Call Tree
+
Find bottlenecks in your site's JavaScript.
+
Allocations
+
See the allocations made by your code over the course of the recording.
+
+
+ +
+
+
Waterfall
+
Understand the work the browser's doing as the user interacts with your site.
+
Flame Chart
+
See which JavaScript functions are executing, and when, over the course of the recording.
+
+
+
+
+ +
+

Scenarios

+ +
+
+
+
Animating CSS properties
+
Uses the Waterfall to understand how the browser updates a page, and how animating different CSS properties can affect performance.
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
Intensive JavaScript
+
Uses the frame rate and Waterfall tools to highlight performance problems caused by long-running JavaScript, and how using workers can help in this situation.
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/remote_debugging/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/remote_debugging/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0718a25e60 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/remote_debugging/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +--- +title: Remote Debugging +slug: Araclar/Remote_Debugging +translation_of: Tools/Remote_Debugging +--- +

You can use the Firefox developer tools on your desktop to debug code running remotely: in a different process on the same device or on a completely different device. To do this you use Firefox to attach the Toolbox to the remote process, and the Toolbox is then launched in its own window. At the moment the following tools support remote debugging:

+ +

Firefox for Android

+

Remotely debugging Firefox for Android describes how to connect to Firefox on an Android device over USB.

+

Firefox for Metro

+

Remotely debugging Firefox for Metro describes how to use desktop Firefox to debug code running in Windows 8 (Metro-style) Firefox.

+

Firefox OS

+

Using the App Manager includes instructions for connecting the Firefox developer tools to the Firefox OS simulator or to a Firefox OS device.

+

Thunderbird

+

Remotely debugging Thunderbird explains how a combination of Firefox and Thunderbird can be used to debug code running in Thunderbird.

diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/bolunmus_konsol/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/bolunmus_konsol/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b145783aca --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/bolunmus_konsol/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +--- +title: Bölünmüş Konsol +slug: Araclar/Web_Konsolu/Bolunmus_Konsol +translation_of: Tools/Web_Console/Split_console +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

Konsolu diğer araçlarla birlikte kullanabilirsiniz. Araç kutusundaki başka bir araçtayken,  Esc'ye tıklayın ya da Araç Çubuğu menüsündeki "Bölünmüş Konsolu Göster"i seçin. Araç kutusu şimdi yukarıda orijinal araç ve altındaki web konsoluyla birlikte gözükecektir.

+ +

Bölünmüş konsolu tekrar Esc'ye tıklayarak ya da "Bölünmüş Konsolu Gizle" butonuyla kapatabilirsiniz.

+ +

+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("G2hyxhPHyXo")}}

+ +

Her zaman olduğu gibi,  $0 elementler için Denetçi'de seçilmiş kısaltmalar şeklinde çalışır:

+ +

Bölünmüş konsolu hata ayıklayıcı ile birlikte kullandığınızda, konsolun kapsamı o anda çalışan yığın çerçevesidir. Öyleyse fonksiyonda bir kesme noktasına gelirseniz, kapsam işlevin kapsamı olacaktır. İşlevde tanımlanan nesneler için otomatik tamamlama elde edersiniz ve bunları kolayca değiştirebilirsiniz:

+ +

diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..585d711508 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: Web Konsolu +slug: Araclar/Web_Konsolu +tags: + - Debugging Guide Tools Turkish + - Türkçe DevOps Web Console Mozilla + - Türkçe Web Development + - Web Machine Türkçe + - Web console Türkçe +translation_of: Tools/Web_Console +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

 Web Konsolu:

+ +
    +
  1. Kayıt bilgileri bir web sayfasıyla ilişkilidir: ağ istekleri, JavaScript, CSS, güvenlik hataları, uyarılar -ve hatalar da-, sayfa içeriğinde çalışan JavaScript kodunda uyarılar ve bilgilendirme mesajları açıkça tutulur.
    2. +
  2. Sayfa içeriğinde JavaScript ifadeleri çalıştırarak bir web sayfasıyla etkileşime girmenizi sağlar
    3. +
+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("C6Cyrpkb25k")}}

+ +
+
+
+
Web Konsolunu Açmak
+
Web Konsolu nasıl açılır bilgisi.
+
Komut Satırı Tercümanı
+
How to interact with a document using the Console.
+
Bölünmüş Konsol
+
Konsolu diğer araçlarla birlikte kullanın.
+
+
+ +
+
+
Konsol mesajları
+
Konsol kayıtlarının detayları.
+
Zengin Çıktı
+
Konsol tarafından kaydedilen nesnelere bakın ve bunlarla etkileşime geçin.
+
Klavye Kısaltmaları
+
Kısayol referansı.
+
+
+
diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/komut_satiri_tercumani/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/komut_satiri_tercumani/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a63f823b21 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/komut_satiri_tercumani/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ +--- +title: Komut Satırı Tercümanı +slug: Araclar/Web_Konsolu/Komut_Satiri_Tercumani +translation_of: Tools/Web_Console/The_command_line_interpreter +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

Web Konsolu'nun komut satırını kullanarak gerçek zamanlı bir şekilde JavaScript ifadelerini yorumlayabilirsiniz.

+ +

+ +

İfadeleri Giriş

+ +

İfadeleri girmek için komut satırına yazmanız ve Enter 'a tıklamanız yeterlidir. çoklu satırlı ifadeleri girmek için, Enter yerine Shift+Enter kullanmalısınız.

+ +

Yazdığınız ifade mesaj görüntüleme penceresinde yankılanır ve sonuç şöyle olur:

+ +

Console output showing syntax highlighting

+ +

Enter tuşuna bastığınızda girişiniz tam gözükmüyorsa, Konsol bunu girişinizi tamamlamanızı sağlayan Shift+Enter kombinasyonu olarak kabul eder.

+ +

Örneğin, şöyle yazarsanız:

+ +
function foo() {
+ +

sonra Enter 'a basarsanız, Konsol girişi hemen gerçekleştirmez ama Shift+Enter tuşlarına basmışsınız gibi davranır, böylelikle işlev tanımı girmeyi bitirebilirsiniz.

+ +

Değişkenlere Erişmek

+ +

Sayfada tanımlanan değişkenlere erişebilirsiniz, hem pencere gibi yerleşik değişkenlere hem de jQuery gibi JavaScript tarafından eklenen değişkenlere:

+ +

Otomatik Tamamlama

+ +

Komut satırı otomatik tamamlama içerir: ilk birkaç harfi girin ve olası tamamlamalar ile bir açılır pencere görünür:

+ +

+ +

Öneriyi kabul etmek için Enter, Tab ya da sağ ok tuşunu kullanın, farklı bir öneriye geçmek için ise yukarı aşağı oklarını kullanın, ya da önerilerden hiçbirini beğenmiyorsanız yazmaya devam edin.

+ +

Konsol otomatik tamamlama önerileri büyük/küçük harf duyarlı değildir.

+ +

Konsol,mevcut olarak yürütülen yığın çerçevesinin kapsamından tamamlamalar önerir. Bu şu anlama gelir, bir fonksiyonda kesme noktasına ulaşırsanız, fonksiyondaki yerel nesneler için otomatik tamamlama elde edersiniz.

+ +

Otomatik tamamlama önerilerini dizi elemanları için de alırsınız:

+ +

Değişkenleri tanımlamak

+ +

Kendi değişken ve fonksiyonlarınızı tanımlayıp sonra onlara erişebilirsiniz:

+ +

Console output showing syntax highlighting

+ +

Girdiğiniz metin, yorumlandıktan sonra sözdizimi kurallarınca vurgulama özelliğine sahip olacaktır.

+ +
+

Not: Erişilebilirlik özellikleri etkinleştirilmişse, sözdizimi kuralları vurgulanması(syntax highlighting) tarayıcınızda gözükmez.

+
+ +

Komut Geçmişi

+ + + +

Komut satırı yazdığınız komutları hatırlar: geçmişinizde ileri veya geri gitmek için yukarı veya aşağı oklarını kullanın.

+ +

Komut geçmişi oturumlar arası kalıcıdır. Geçmişi silmek için, sclearHistory() yardımcı fonksiyonunu kullanın.

+ +

Firefox 65 ile başlanarak, Linux ve Mac'te veya Windows'ta PowerShell'de olduğu gibi komut satırı geçmişinde ters bir arama başlatabilirsiniz.

+ +

Ters aramayı başlatmak için Windows ve Linux'ta F9, Mac'te Ctrl + R tuşlarına basın.

+ +

+ +

Konsolun altındaki giriş kutusuna aramak istediğiniz metni girin. Aradığınız komutu yazmaya başlayın, ilk eşleşme konsolda gösterilecektir. Tekrar tekrar  Ctrl + R (F9 Windows ve Linux'ta) yazmak, eşleşmeler arasında geriye doğru dönecektir.

+ +

+ +

Geriye doğru aramayı başlattıktan sonra, eşleşme listesinde ileriye bakmak için Ctrl + S (Shift + F9 Windows ve Linux'ta) tuşlarını kullanabilirsiniz. İstediğiniz komutu bulduğunuzda, ifadeyi çalıştırmak için Return (Enter) tuşuna basın.

+ +

Iframe'lerle çalışmak

+ +

Bir sayfada gömülü iframe'ler varsa, konsolun kapsamını belirli bir iframe olarak değiştirmek için cd() komutunu kullanabilirsiniz ve sonrasında bu iframe tarafından barındırılan belgede tanımlanan işlevleri çalıştırabilirsiniz. cd() kullanarak bir iframe seçmenin üç yolu vardır: 

+ +

 iframe DOM öğesini iletebilirsiniz:

+ +
var frame = document.getElementById("frame1");
+cd(frame);
+ +

Iframe ile eşleşen bir CSS seçiciyi geçebilirsiniz:

+ +
cd("#frame1");
+ +

Iframe 'in global pencere nesnesini iletebilirsiniz:

+ +
var frame = document.getElementById("frame1");
+cd(frame.contentWindow);
+
+ +

İçeriği tekrar üst düzey pencereye geçirmek için, argüman olmadan cd() işlevini çağırın:

+ +
cd();
+ +

Örneğin, iframe yerleştiren bir belgemiz olduğunu varsayalım:

+ +
<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <iframe id="frame1" src="static/frame/my-frame1.html"></iframe>
+  </body>
+</html>
+ +

Iframe yeni bir fonksiyon tanımlar:

+ +
<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <script>
+      function whoAreYou() {
+        return "I'm frame1";
+      }
+   </script>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+  </body>
+</html>
+ +

Bağlamı şu şekilde iframe olarak değiştirebilirsiniz:

+ +
cd("#frame1");
+ +

Şimdi global pencerenin belgesinin iframe olduğunu fark edeceksiniz:

+ +

Ve, iframe'de tanımlanan işlevi çağırabilirsiniz:

+ +

+ +

Yardımcı Komutlar

+ +

{{ page("en-US/docs/Tools/Web_Console/Helpers", "The commands") }}

diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/web_konsolunu_acmak/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/web_konsolunu_acmak/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d1a1ebb0d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/web_konsolunu_acmak/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +--- +title: Web Konsolu'nu Açmak +slug: Araclar/Web_Konsolu/Web_Konsolunu_Acmak +translation_of: Tools/Web_Console/UI_Tour +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

Web Konsolu'nu açmak için:

+ + + +

Araç Kutusu alt kısımda gözükecektir, tarayıcı penceresinin solunda veya sağında (yerleştirme ayarlarınıza bağlı olarak), Web konsolu aktif edilir. (DevTools toolbar'da "Konsol" olarak adlandırılır.):

+ +

+ +

Web Konsolu'nun arayüzü dört yatay bölüme ayrılmıştır:

+ + + +
+

Not: Konsolun içeriğini  Ctrl + Shift + L  (Windows, macOS, ve Linux'ta) veya Cmd + K  (macOS'da) klavye komutlarıyla temizleyebilirsiniz.

+
diff --git a/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/zengin_cikti/index.html b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/zengin_cikti/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..388246ba4b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/araclar/web_konsolu/zengin_cikti/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ +--- +title: Zengin Çıktı +slug: Araclar/Web_Konsolu/Zengin_Cikti +translation_of: Tools/Web_Console/Rich_output +--- +
{{ToolsSidebar}}
+ +

Web konsolu nesneleri yazdırdığında, sadece nesnenin adından daha zengin bir bilgi kümesi içerir. Bilhassa:

+ + + +

Türe Özgü Zengin Çıktı

+ +

Web konsolu aşağıdakiler dahil birçok nesne türü için zengin çıktı sağlar:

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Object
Array
Date
Promise +

+
RegExp
Window
Document
Element
Event
+ +

Nesne Özelliklerini İnceleme

+ +

Bir nesne konsolda günlüğe kaydedildiğinde yanında genişletilebileceğini belirten dik bir üçgen bulunur. Üçgene tıkladığınızda nesne içeriğini gösterecek şekilde genişletecektir:

+ +

+ +

Firefox 67'den başlayarak (şu anda Firefox geliştirici'de kullanılabilir) konsolda görüntülenen nesnelerde gezinmek için klavyenizdeki ok tuşlarını kullanabilirsiniz. Sağ ok tuşu bir nesnenin ayrıntılarını açar ve sol ok tuşu açık nesneleri kapatır.

+ +

İstek ayrıntılarının incelenmesi

+ +

Nesne ayrıntılarını incelemeye benzer şekilde, you can see the details about a network request directly in the console. İsteğin yanındaki oka tıklayın; Ağ İzleyicisi aracındaki Başlıklar paneline eşdeğer olan bir detay paneli açılacaktır.

+ +

{{EmbedYouTube("Cj3Pjq6jk9s")}}

+ +

Çıktıyı panoya aktar

+ +

Konsol penceresinde çıktı aldığınızda, çıktıyı sağ tıklayıp Görünür mesajları panoya aktar seçeneğini seçerek panoya kaydedebilirsiniz:

+ +

+ +

Bu çıktının tümünü panoya kopyalar. Sonrasında bir belgeye yapıştırabilirsiniz. Çıktı şöyle görünecektir:

+ +
console.log(todoList)
+Array(4) [ {…}, {…}, {…}, {…} ]
+debugger eval code:1:9
+undefined
+ +

Diziler gibi nesneleri de genişletirseniz, biraz farklı içerik elde edersiniz. Örneğin, yukarıdaki listedeki diziyi genişleterek aşağıdakileri alıyorum:

+ +
console.log(todoList)
+(4) […]
+​
+0: Object { status: "Done", description: "Morning Pages", dateCreated: 1552404478137 }
+​
+1: Object { status: "In Progress", description: "Refactor styles", dateCreated: 1552404493169 }
+​
+2: Object { status: "To Do", description: "Create feedback form", dateCreated: 1552404512630 }
+​
+3: Object { status: "To Do", description: "Normalize table", dateCreated: 1552404533790 }
+​
+length: 4
+​
+<prototype>: Array []
+debugger eval code:1:9
+undefined
+ +

DOM düğümlerini vurgulama ve inceleme

+ +

Fareyi konsol çıktısındaki herhangi bir DOM öğesinin üzerine getirdiğinizde sayfada vurgulanır:

+ +

Yukarıdaki ekran görüntüsünde, konsol çıktısındaki düğümün yanında mavi renkli bir "hedef" simgesi göreceksiniz: seçili düğümü seçerek denetçiye geçmek için tıklayın.

diff --git a/files/tr/archive/add-ons/index.html b/files/tr/archive/add-ons/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d0ae6e7666 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/add-ons/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +--- +title: Add-ons +slug: Archive/Add-ons +tags: + - Add-ons + - Archive + - Extensions + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/Add-ons +--- +
{{AddonSidebar}}
+ +

Archived add-ons documentation.

+ +
+
Add-on SDK
+
Using the Add-on SDK, you can create Firefox add-ons. You can use various standard Web technologies: JavaScript, HTML, and CSS, to create the add-ons. The SDK includes JavaScript APIs, which you can use to create add-ons and tools for creating, running, testing, and packaging add-ons.
+
bookmarks.export()
+
Exports bookmarks to an HTML bookmark file.
+
bookmarks.import()
+
Imports bookmarks from an HTML bookmark file.
+
Bootstrapped extensions
+
browser.bookmarks.export( function() {...} // optional function )
+
Code snippets
+
…
+
Creating custom Firefox extensions with the Mozilla build system
+
There is a wealth of material on creating extensions for Firefox. All of these documents currently assume, however, that you are developing your extension using XUL and JavaScript only. For complex extensions, it may be necessary to create components in C++ that provide additional functionality. Reasons why you might want to include C++ components in your extension include:
+
Embedded WebExtension
+
Starting in Firefox 51, you can embed a WebExtension in a classic bootstrapped extension or an Add-on SDK add-on. The embedded WebExtension's files are packaged inside the legacy add-on. The embedded WebExtension doesn't directly share its scope with the embedding legacy add-on, but they can exchange messages using the messaging functions defined in the runtime API.
+
Extension Etiquette
+
This article describes best practices when making extensions, including how to be kind to your users. It assumes that you are already familiar with Building an Extension.
+
Extension Packaging
+
By the end of 2017 WebExtensions will be the only supported add-on type in Firefox. To learn how to install a WebExtension for testing purposes, see Temporary Installation in Firefox. To learn how to package a WebExtension for distribution, see Publishing your WebExtension.
+
Extensions support in SeaMonkey 2
+
Starting with SeaMonkey 2 Alpha 1 SeaMonkey supports toolkit/-style extensions. These type of extensions have many advantages for both users and developers compared to the old xpinstall/-style extensions.
+
Firefox addons developer guide
+
The original document is in Japanese and distributed via the xuldev.org website. So there may be still some reference to the xuldev website (we want to host source code on MDC, not on xuldev), and to Japanese things (like some specific locales, which have been translated to French since non-latin characters are not well supported).
+
Hotfix Extension
+
This document has been moved to the Add-ons wiki.
+
How to convert an overlay extension to restartless
+
First off, what kind of add-on are we talking about here? Well, XUL overlays and windows, JSM files, chrome & resource mappings with localization, default preferences, but no XPCOM components of your own. Some of that will have to be replaced and the rest will need to be loaded differently.
+
Inline options
+
Firefox 7 supports a new syntax for defining extensions' preferences for both bootstrapped and traditional extensions. The user interface for the preferences defined with this new syntax appears in the extension's detail view in the Add-on Manager. This functionality originally appeared in Firefox mobile and is now available in Firefox on the desktop as well.
+
Install Manifests
+
An Install Manifest is the file an Add-on Manager-enabled XUL application (e.g. Firefox or Thunderbird) uses to determine information about an add-on as it is being installed. It contains metadata identifying the add-on, providing information about who created it, where more information can be found about it, which versions of what applications it is compatible with, how it should be updated, and so on.
+
Interaction between privileged and non-privileged pages
+
An easy way to send data from a web page to an extension is by using custom DOM events. In your extension's browser.xul overlay, write code which listens for a custom DOM event. Here we call the event MyExtensionEvent.
+
Legacy Add-ons
+
This section contains links to documentation for legacy technology for add-on development, including:
+
Legacy extensions for Firefox for Android
+
Add-ons that work with desktop Firefox do not automatically work in Firefox for Android:
+
Overlay extensions
+
This page contains links to documentation for the approach to developing extensions for Gecko-based applications which uses:
+
Performance best practices in extensions
+
One of Firefox's great advantages is its extreme extensibility. Extensions can do almost anything. There is a down side to this: poorly written extensions can have a severe impact on the browsing experience, including on the overall performance of Firefox itself. This article offers some best practices and suggestions that can not only improve the performance and speed of your extension, but also of Firefox itself.
+
Security best practices in extensions
+
This document is intended as a guide for developers to promote best practices in securing your extension. Your goal is to keep your users safe. Some items mentioned are strict guidelines, meaning that if you don't follow them then your add-on will not be approved on Mozilla add-ons. Other items are recommendations. The difference will be clearly flagged.
+
Setting up an extension development environment
+
This article provides suggestions for how to set up your Mozilla application for extension development. These details apply to Firefox, Thunderbird, and SeaMonkey (version 2.0 and above).
+
Tabbed browser
+
Here you should find a set of useful code snippets to help you work with Firefox's tabbed browser. The comments normally mark where you should be inserting your own code.
+
Techniques
+
…
+
Working with multiprocess Firefox
+
In older versions of Firefox, chrome code (including code inserted by extensions) and content run in the same operating system process. So extensions can access content directly:
+
+ +

 

diff --git a/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/index.html b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..701dd296eb --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,218 @@ +--- +title: B2G OS +slug: Archive/B2G_OS +tags: + - Firefox OS + - Gaia + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS +--- +
B2G OS is (was) a complete, standalone operating system for the open web. It is an open source project developed by the Mozilla community and forms the basis of Firefox OS products. As of 2017 it is no longer maintained.
+ +

B2G OS is a community maintained open source operating system for smartphones, tablets, smart TVs and other connected devices. The project was started in 2011 and is based on the Linux kernel and Gecko rendering engine. The entire user interface is built using web technologies (HTML, CSS and JavaScript) and can be used to launch and use web applications. Since Mozilla discontinued their commercial Firefox OS smartphone program the smartphone part of the project is entirely maintained by Mozilla's volunteer community, and branded as B2G OS.

+ +

+ +

Index of pages

+ +
+
Automated Testing of B2G OS
+
This page offers articles that provide information about various aspects of testing B2G OS, including running different tests, automation, and result reporting and tracking.
+
B2G OS add-ons
+
You should follow the below steps to get set up to start developing extensions.
+
B2G OS APIs
+
List of B2G OS APIs
+
B2G OS architecture
+
This article is a high-level overview of the architecture of the B2G OS platform, introducing key concepts and explaining how its components interact at a basic level.
+
B2G OS build prerequisites
+
Before obtaining the code to build B2G OS, even if you are simply trying to build Gaia, you need a properly configured build system — this page shows you how. You can currently build on 64-bit Linux distributions and OS X.
+
B2G OS phone guide
+
This section contains developer information relevant to specific phones that run B2G OS — both developer and consumer devices.
+
Building and installing B2G OS
+
The articles listed on this page will guide you through building and installing B2G OS on an emulator or compatible device, or the Gaia user interface in the Firefox browser.
+
Building B2G OS
+
Once you've set up your build system and performed your initial pull and configure the code, you can build Boot to Gecko. This guide explains how.
+
Building the B2G OS Simulator
+
Just like Firefox Nightlies, the B2G OS simulator desktop client (identified by b2g-) is automatically built every day from the latest source code. The latest build is available from the Mozilla FTP server. Be sure to pick the latest version and the right archive for your operating system. This lets you bypass having to build it yourself. In addition, you don't have to download Gaia on your own either.
+
Choosing how to run Gaia or B2G
+
Depending on your specific needs, you have an assortment of options to consider when experimenting with Firefox OS or the Gaia user interface. You can choose among the following options; each has its advantages and disadvantages to consider, and some are more flexible than others.
+
Crash Reporting Guide for Firefox OS Partners
+
Mozilla has a world-class system for collecting, analyzing, and fixing crashes and other stability issues such as hangs. Firefox OS partners need to work with Mozilla to correctly enable crash reporting and upload symbols.
+
Customization with the .userconfig file
+
The .userconfig file isn't checked into source code control, so your changes won't be overwritten when you update your source tree. It needs to be created in the root of the B2G tree; that is, in the same directory as flash.sh, build.sh, and so forth. You should add this before you run your config and build steps.
+
Debugging on Firefox OS
+
There are two main types of debugging you'll want to with Firefox OS: debugging apps, and debugging other aspects of the system.
+
Developer Mode
+
The current Firefox OS permissions model precludes modification and installation of certified/internal apps, which makes some device APIs completely unavailable to Marketplace and web apps. Developer Mode (DM) allows the user to indicate that they would like to relax the permissions model and expose all device APIs to content, as well as setting a group of related preferences. This article provides a high-level overview.
+
Developing Firefox OS
+
This section provides useful documentation covering different ways in which Firefox OS (codename Boot2Gecko, or B2G) can be modified/customized during the build process, and how you can help to develop the low level platform areas such as Gecko and Gonk.
+
Firefox OS apps
+
This section of the Firefox OS docs covers the specific techniques required — and available tools — for building Firefox OS apps. You'll find a number of details below, from Firefox OS building blocks/web components, to device APIs and App installation.
+
Firefox OS board guide
+
This section contains developer information relevant to specific phones that run Firefox OS — both developer and consumer devices.
+
Firefox OS developer release notes
+
This section provides articles covering each new release of Gaia and Gecko for Firefox OS, explaining what features were added and bugs eliminated in each update. There is also a linked summary table showing what APIs are supported by each version of Firefox OS.
+
Firefox OS security
+
The following articles cover security-related topics about Firefox OS. This includes overall security features as well as application security and how the install process is kept secure.
+
Firefox OS Simulator
+
The Firefox OS Simulator is a version of the higher layers of Firefox OS that simulates a Firefox OS device, but runs on the desktop. This means that in many cases, you don't need a real device to test and debug your app. It runs in a window the same size as a Firefox OS device, includes the Firefox OS user interface and built-in apps, and simulates many of the Firefox OS device APIs.
+
Firefox OS usage tips
+
Explains all of the developer features on the phone and what they do (Settings > Device information > More information > Developer)
+
Gaia
+
Gaia is B2G OS's user interface and suite of default apps: it includes the lock screen, home screen, dialer, and other applications. Essentially, Gaia is a set of complex web apps that runs on top of the B2G OS platform. This set of articles covers all you need to know to contribute to the Gaia project.
+
Installing B2G OS on a mobile device
+
Once you've built Boot to Gecko for a supported mobile device, you can install it. This article will guide you through the process.
+
Introduction to Firefox OS
+
This set of documentation is aimed mainly at web developers and platform developers who want to learn how Firefox OS works, how to contribute to the project, and how to build their own custom versions of the software and install it on devices. For those who want to create and distribute their own web apps, the App Center and Marketplace Zone are good places to go.
+
Mulet
+
Following this guide you're going to run Gaia inside of a special build of Firefox called Firefox Mulet. This gives you the advantages of having a rapid development cycle, as well as standard web development tools and debuggers available to work with. First of all, you need to have the Gaia repo cloned on your machine and build your own profile. Then, you have to install mulet and run it, passing your Gaia profile as the profile to use.
+
Open web apps quickstart
+
Quickstart information on coding Open Web Apps.
+
Pandaboard
+
This is a guide to setting up Firefox OS on a PandaBoard. The PandaBoard is a low-cost OMAP 4 based development board for developing mobile operating systems.
+
PasscodeHelper Internals
+
PasscodeHelper is a Gaia helper library for modifying and checking the Firefox OS lockscreen passcode (i.e., pin) from within Gaia, performing functions such as checking whether an entered passcode is correct, and changing the code. This article documents how PasscodeHelper works.
+
Porting B2G OS
+
This page lists the available resources for porting B2GOS.
+
Preparing for your first B2G build
+
Depending on your internet connection, the configuration steps may take several hours to download everything you need to build B2G OS. Waiting is not as fun as doing, so after you have read through this page and have kicked off the configure script, consider using the time to set up and try out the B2G OS simulator, begin familiarizing yourself with Documentation for app developers including Designing and Building an App, or familiarize yourself with the information on upcoming steps.
+
Resources
+
Resources for App hackers, as generated from our workshops
+
Running tests on Firefox OS: A guide for developers
+
If you are a Gecko developer, then you should review the Firefox OS-specific documentation for the test automation you are already familar with: mochitest, reftest, and xpcshell.
+
The B2G OS platform
+
The B2G OS platform consists of many components. While you don't need to understand its architecture in order to build applications that run on B2G OS, if you're working on developing or porting the platform — or are simply curious — the following documentation may be of interest to you.
+
Troubleshooting B2G OS
+
This article provides tips for resolving common problems you may have while using B2G OS.
+
Using the App Manager
+
The App Manager is a tool for Firefox Desktop which provides a number of useful tools to help developers test, deploy and debug HTML5 web apps on Firefox OS phones & Simulator, directly from Firefox browser. This page documents how to use the App Manager.
+
Using the B2G emulators
+
This article provides a brief guide to some key things you should know when using the boot to Gecko emulators. This doesn't appear to be a complete user manual; instead, it simply tells you a few useful things that you might not learn on your own.
+
Web applications
+
This page is intended to be a first, non thorough, attempt to collect web apps.
+
Web Bluetooth API (Firefox OS)
+
The Web Bluetooth API lets an open web app discover, pair with, and connect to Bluetooth devices. As it is a completely experimental and non-standard API, the Bluetooth API is currently available for certified applications only. However, there is some traction to have such an API available for regular Web content; this will be discussed as part of the W3C's System Applications Working Group.
+
Web Telephony API
+
Web Telephony is an API that makes it possible for web content to handle voice phone calls using JavaScript.
+
+ +

Old page content

+ +
+

Note: Call for contribution & Call for App adoption has been made to gather more people, feel free to share it !

+
+ +
+
+

How you can help

+ +
    +
  • File & fix bugs (meta bug is bug 1252143)
    • +
  • Help us fix failing tests
    • +
  • Port a gaia smartphone app: +
      +
    1. Turn it into a webapp (or)
      2. +
    2. Turn it into chrome:// (why?) & report back
      3. +
    +
    • +
  • Port B2G OS to your phone or help us to maintain a port
    • +
  • Help improve translate this documentation & wiki
    • +
  • Propose & implement new smartphone features
    • +
+
+ +
+

Get involved

+ + + +

To participate in meetings and community Working Groups meetings, register on this Calendar. They are announced on Discourse, where you can find information about how to attend & notes.

+
+ +
+

Compatible devices

+ + + +

For more information see this page.
+ Flash you device easily with B2G installer.
+ Your device is not in the list ? Try Mulet on desktop.

+ +

*WIP = Work In Progress.

+
+
+ + diff --git a/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/flame/index.html b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/flame/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..87535ba7cc --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/flame/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,401 @@ +--- +title: Flame +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide/Flame +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide/Flame +--- +
+

Flame'inizdeki Güncellemeler: Flame cihazınızla ilgili periyodik yazılım güncellemeleri ve diğer haberleri almak için aşağıdaki e-posta listesine katılmanızı öneririz: https://mail.mozilla.org/listinfo/flamenews

+
+ +

A picture of the Flame device, showing the Firefox OS homescreen containing several app icons.

+ +

Available to order

+ +

Flame geliştirici referans telefonu Firefox OS cihaz sürümleri içinde bir dönüm noktasıdır. Flame donanımı geliştiricilerin mükemmel içerik ve deneyimler inşa etmesine yardımcı olmak için - FWGA ekran ve çift-çekirdek işlemci gibi - birtakım temsili özellikler sunmaktadır. Aygıt modeline özgü hataları dert etmeden adresle ilgili yazılım sorunlarını test etmeyi kolaylaştıran tek bir test platformu da test edenler için faydalı olacaktır.

+ +

If you have your phone in hand and want to start playing with it, developing and distributing apps, or contributing to the Firefox platform, the following links will also get you where you need to go:

+ + + +

If you’d like to find out more about updating the operating system, recovering it, pushing apps to it, or phone specs, you’ll find the information you need below.

+ +

Purchasing a device

+ +

Our device manufacturer partner has made the device available to order on everbuying.com, for US$170 including global shipping (device cost is $145, shipping is $25 and custom fees may still apply, depending on the destination country). The device is bootloader- and carrier-unlocked, and it utilizes a quad-band GSM+UMTS radio so that it can work with a wide variety of operators/carriers.

+ +

Important steps to follow first

+ +

There are a couple of steps you should make sure you follow for your particular operating system, before you start trying to update your device, for example by updating your Flame's version of Firefox OS, or pushing apps to your phone (both are covered below.)

+ +

All operating systems

+ +

You need to install ADB and Fastboot on your computer — these are applications that allow you to interact with your phone from your computer when the two are connected via the phone's USB charger cable. They are needed for Flashing your phone to a new version of Firefox OS, recovering from an unresponsive state, pushing apps to your phone, etc.

+ +
+

Note: If you are on Ubuntu you can install ADB and Fastboot simply by using sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb android-tools-fastboot on the command line.

+ +

Note: If you are on Mac OS you can install ADB and Fastboot simply by using Homebrew on the command line. See Installing and using ADB.

+
+ +

ADB and Fastboot are available in the Android Developer Toolkit:

+ +
    +
  1. Go to the above link.
    2. +
  2. Press the Download Eclipse ADT button.
    3. +
  3. Agree to the license conditions.
    4. +
  4. Choose between the 32-bit and 64-bit version (32-bit will do if you are not sure).
    5. +
  5. Click the final Download Eclipse ADT with the Android SDK... button.
    6. +
  6. Once the download is complete, unzip the zip file's contents onto your computer's desktop.
    7. +
  7. The folder name is a bit complicated; rename it to just adt.
    8. +
+ +

ADB is a tool that you run from the command line. If you open your terminal/command prompt, go to adt/sdk/platform-tools and run the adb command, you should see a load of information thrown back at you about what you can do with ADB. Running adb devices should return the line List of devices attached, and nothing else, because you haven't got any devices attached yet.

+ +

But at this point, you need to set the PATH variable to point to the ADB tool, so you can run it from anywhere, not just when you are in the exact directory that ADB is in.

+ +

To do this on Windows 8 (Windows 7 will be very similar, but with slightly different menu options):

+ + + +
+

Note: To open command prompt, Right click on the Windows button in the bottom left and select Command Line

+
+ +

On Mac/Linux:

+ + + +

Extra steps for Linux and Mac

+ +

No additional steps should be required if you are using a Linux or Mac system, although depending on your Linux distro, you will likely need to add a udev rule for your phone.

+ +

To discover the vendor ID of your device, attach your phone via USB and use the command lsusb to view the devices deteced on the USB subsystem. Find your phone in the list, and note the initial four digits immediately following "ID". A common ID for the Flame is 05c6, so a udev rule in this case would be:

+ +
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="05c6", MODE="0666"
+
+ +

If your device lists a different number, use that instead. For instance:

+ +
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="18d1", MODE="0666"
+
+ +

Make sure to run udevadm control --reload-rules (could be automatic depending on your setup), then unplug and replug and your device before continuing.

+ +

Extra steps for Windows

+ +

To access the Flame device with the ADB and Mozilla dev tools like App Manager/WebIDE, a USB driver is required. Follow the steps outlined in the below sections to install it.

+ +

Downloading the driver

+ +

Download the Windows driver from this location. Once downloaded, extract the contents of the ZIP file to a suitable place on your hard drive.

+ +
+

Note: The Android Debug Bridge (ADB) must be installed first: see instructions above if you've not already done this.

+
+ +

Installing the USB Driver

+ +

At this point, connect your Flame device to your computer using a USB cable.

+ +

To install the driver, open the Alcatel_USB_Driver_Q_4.0.0_2013_11_11_noinstall directory within the extracted ZIP file and double click on the DriverInstaller.exe executable. You may receive a warning at this point that the executable is from an unknown publisher. If so, select the Yes button and the executable will be launched.

+ +

Simple dialog box showing a picture of a phone along with install and uninstall buttons.

+ +

Click on the Install button to install the driver.

+ +

After the driver installs, you can check that it is working by opening a command line window and typing adb devices. This should list the connected device with an output something like:

+ +
List of devices attached
+3561d02a          device
+ +

If your device is not showing up here, check in the Windows Device Manager. Your Flame may be showing up as "ACER ADB Interface". You can confirm this by unplugging the device and seeing if it disappears from the device manager. Uninstall the driver software by right-clicking on "ACER ADB Interface" and clicking uninstall.  Be sure to check the box in the dialog to delete the driver software.  Now re-run the installer above. It is advisable to set the screen timeout on your Flame to something high (Settings > Display > Screen timeout) as Windows sometimes appears to reinstall the default drivers when the screen turns off.

+ +

Updating your Flame's software

+ +

We will have two main "channels" of Firefox OS software version releases for the Flame phone:

+ + + +

You can get recovery files and tools at the following storage location:

+ + + +
+

Note: Firefox OS images v180 and above are based on Android KK (Kitkat, 4.4); JB (Jellybean, 4.1–4.3) builds have now been discontinued and are no longer supported, so don't use anything older than v180.

+
+ +
+

Note: You can find out what base image your device is running using the following command: adb shell getprop ro.bootloader

+
+ +
+

Important: When running a shallow or full flash, your phone data will be overwritten: you should therefore back up your data before updating! See the {{anch("Backing up and restoring your Flame data")}} section for more details.

+
+ +

To install the base image on your device:

+ +
    +
  1. Make sure remote debugging is enabled on your Flame, using the Remote debugging/Debugging via USB option in the device's Developer settings (the option is different, depending on whether you have Firefox 1.3 and under, or Firefox 1.4+ installed).
    2. +
  2. Connect your Flame to your computer via a USB cable if it isn't already. Verify that the computer is connected to the device by running the adb devices command in a terminal.
    3. +
  3. Download the .zip file referenced above. Unzip it onto your Desktop.
    4. +
  4. Go into the directory you extracted the software into and run it: +
      +
    • On Windows, enter the directory in your command prompt, then run the flash.bat script using flash.bat (or double click the file in explorer.)
      + Note: If flash.bat is missing, simply rename the flash.sh file to flash.bat, then run that. Make sure you have adb and fastboot installed and available on PATH.
      • +
    • On Linux / OSX, enter the directory in your terminal, then run the flash.sh script using ./flash.sh (previous instructions encouraged you to use sudo. Don't. It is really dangerous to use sudo with things you download from the Internet. If the flash script fails to see your device, please double-check that your udev rules are correct). If you do not see a flash.sh file, simply rename flash.bat to flash.sh first and then use the above command.
      • +
    +
    5. +
+ +
+

Note: You are also welcome to build your own builds to install on the Flame: see Building and installing Firefox OS.

+
+ +

Font fix

+ +

After updating Gecko and Gaia to nightly with the v180 base image, there will be a mismatch between the fonts that Gecko and Gaia expects and what the base image provides. To fix this, download our font update package, extract it, navigate into the directory created by extracting, and run the supplied flash.sh script.

+ +
+

Note: Another option is to use the update_system_fonts.sh script, which will download and flash the system fonts automatically.

+
+ +

Updating your Flame to a nightly build

+ +
+

Note: For this current build, Nightly development builds of Firefox OS do not support A-GPS, which may lead to slow performance of GPS functionality. We plan to resolve this in an updated future Nightly channel.

+
+ +
+

Important: When running a shallow or full flash, your phone data will be overwritten: you should therefore back up your data before updating! See the {{anch("Backing up and restoring your Flame data")}} section for more details.

+
+ +
    +
  1. Before updating your phone to a Nightly build you should flash the latest base image to make sure the underlying systems are up to date. Download a base image and use it to update your device's software, as explained above.
    2. +
  2. Because the above step installs a fresh operating system on your device, you'll need to enable remote debugging on your Flame again, using the Remote debugging option in the device's Developer settings.
    3. +
  3. Next, choose a build to install (found on http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/b2g/nightly/.) You'll want one of the following: + +
    4. +
  4. Pick a version and download both the b2g-XX.XX.en-US.android-arm.tar.gz and gaia.zip files. Save them inside a directory on your Desktop called something like fxos.
    5. +
  5. Download the shallow flash script and save it in  the same directory as the above two files: follow the link, press the Raw button, then use your browser's save functionality to save the page directly as shallow_flash.sh.
    6. +
  6. For Windows users: Also download the shallow_flash.bat windows script and install Cygwin which provides a Linux-like command environment on Windows. You will need to install the default Cygwin base category plus the unzip package but shallow_flash.bat will do this for you if you download and copy the Cygwin setup*.exe to the same folder as the script.
    7. +
  7. +

    In your Terminal, cd into the directory you saved the files in and Flash the builds to your phone using the following:

    + +

    Linux:

    + + 
    ./shallow_flash.sh --gaia=gaia.zip --gecko=b2g-XX.XX.en-US.android-arm.tar.gz
+
    + +

    Mac:

    + + 
    ./shallow_flash.sh --gaia gaia.zip --gecko b2g-XX.XX.en-US.android-arm.tar.gz
    + +

    Windows:

    + +

    Double click shallow_flash.bat (with cogs icon) or run it from a command shell. It will flash gaia.zip and a single b2g-XX.XX.en-US.android-arm.tar.gz file.

    +
    8. +
+ +
+

Note: If you get a "permission denied" error when running the above commands, your shell script probably doesn't have the right permissions. Running chmod +x shallow_flash.sh on it should solve this problem.

+
+ +
+

Note: A "shallow flash" updates Gecko and Gaia plus data directories, as opposed to a full flash, which updates Gecko/Gaia, but also the underlying Gonk layer and associated binaries particular to that device type. This is why it is a good idea to update to the official base image first, as suggested above, then shallow flash over the top of that, once you've got the Gonk/binary layer right.

+
+ +

Once the install procedure finishes the phone should reboot into the updated build and display the first time user workflow.

+ +

Switch to nightly update channel

+ +
    +
  1. Make sure remote debugging is enabled on your Flame, using the Remote debugging/Debugging via USB option in the device's Developer settings
    2. +
  2. Download the change channel script: follow the link, press the Raw button, then use your browser's save functionality to save the page directly as change_channel.sh.
    3. +
  3. In your Terminal, cd into the directory you saved the script in and change the update channel on your phone using the following command:
    + + 
    ./change_channel.sh -v nightly
    +
    4. +
  4. Once the phone reboots, check for updates by going into Settings > Device information > Check now
    5. +
+ +

You should now get nightly OTA updates to your phone.

+ +
+

Note: You can choose between several different update channels. Run "./change_channel.sh -h" to see the other channel options.

+
+ +

Fastboot mode

+ +

If flashing a new build to your phone fails to work, your phone may become unresponsive, leading to the phone rebooting in recovery mode. The recovery mode provides few options (Reboot, Update from adb, Wipe data, Wipe cache, and Update from sdcard). Unfortunately, selecting Update from adb triggers a sideload mode in which you cannot use the other adb commands. The adb sideload command would work but the various flash scripts rely on other adb commands.

+ +

You can force fastboot mode as follows:

+ +
    +
  1. Power off the phone (which may involve removing the battery in extreme cases...)
    2. +
  2. Plug in the USB cable.
    3. +
  3. Power the phone up again by pressing the Volume Down and Power buttons together.
    4. +
+ +

The phone should now display the text "FASTBOOT": it is in fastboot mode and is waiting for a USB connection. At this point, a USB-connected, computer with adb installed should see the phone listed when the fastboot devices command is run. Note that regular adb would not see the device — only fastboot sees it. In this mode, you can use the flash script to install the last base image as explained above. As the script does use both adb and fastboot commands, you may see some initial error and warnings from adb, but the device should be flashed properly at the end of the procedure.

+ +

Emergency download mode

+ +

If flashing a new build to your phone fails to work, your phone becomes unresponsive, and the phone cannot enter fastboot mode, you can use emergency mode for recovery. A USB cable and the Emergency Download Tool are required to enter emergency download mode. Install this tool and follow the instructions.

+ +
+

Note: The tools provided are Windows only

+
+ +

Recovery mode

+ +

You can enter recovery mode to clear your phone data or manually update the firmware. There are two ways to enter this mode:

+ + + +

When in recovery mode, press the Volume up/down keys to move the selection highlight, and the Power key to select. Make sure you have your phone data (Contacts, SMS, etc.) backed up before clearing data, and your upgrade packages downloaded before updating.

+ +

Backing up and restoring your Flame data

+ +

When using a Flame, you won't want to lose your phone's contacts and other data while upgrading to a new build (as explained earlier in this article). To backup and restore data you can use our Backup and restore profile tool.

+ +
    +
  1. To use this, first download it from Github at the above link. The easiest way to save it is to press the Raw button, then save the raw code as a .sh file using your browser's Save As... option.
    2. +
  2. Next, make sure you'll have the necessary permissions to execute this file: cd into the directory where you saved the file, and run the following command: + 
    chmod +x backup_restore_profile.sh
    +
    3. +
+ +
+

Note: When using this tool, you'll also need to make sure that your phone is connected via USB to your computer, and that ADB (see {{anch("Important steps to follow first")}} above) and Debugging via USB (in your device's Developer settings) are enabled.

+
+ +
+

Note: These instructions should work on Mac and Linux out of the box. To use the backup and restore feature on Windows you'll have to install Cygwin and run it from inside that.

+
+ +

Backing up data from your phone

+ +

In the directory where you saved the backup_restore_profile.sh file, run the following:

+ +
./backup_restore_profile.sh -b
+ +

This should save your device profile to a directory called mozilla-profile, in the same directory as the script is located.

+ +

Restoring data to your phone

+ +

In the directory where your mozilla-profile directory is located (see above section), run the following:

+ +
./backup_restore_profile.sh -r
+ +

Other options

+ +

The full list of options available for the backup_restore_profile.sh script is as follows:

+ + + +

Pushing apps to your Flame

+ +

The App Manager and WebIDE tools make it easy to push apps to your phone, for testing, etc.

+ +

RAM adjustment

+ +

You can adjust the available RAM capacity to see how apps perform on Firefox OS phones with lower memory footprints.

+ +

This is accomplished by entering fastboot mode (install fastboot first, which is available on the same SDK page as ADB) and typing:

+ +
adb reboot bootloader
+fastboot oem mem [0|256-1024]
+ +

“0” is the memory automatically detected and “256-1024” is the number of megabytes. For example, if you want to adjust device RAM capacity to 512M, enter fastboot oem mem 512.

+ +

You'll need to then reboot your device for the settings to take effect. This can be done using:

+ +
fastboot reboot
+ +

The current memory size can be returned by entering fastboot mode and typing:

+ +
fastboot getvar mem
+
+ +

Network and Device specs

+ +

Network:

+ + + +

Hardware: You can find more of the hardware features listed on our Phone and device specs page.

+ +

Additional features include:

+ + + +

See also

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/index.html b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c6d2c31ff5 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/phone_guide/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +--- +title: Firefox OS developer phone guide +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide +tags: + - B2G + - Firefox OS + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - Phones + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Phone_guide +--- +
+

This section contains developer information relevant to specific phones that run Firefox OS. We have general information available on Building and installing Firefox OS and Hacking Firefox OS, so please go there for information about building and installing the platform from scratch. Developers with specific phones in their possession may however find the following articles useful.

+
+

Specific device information

+
+
+ Firefox OS phone data
+
+ In this article we list the various available Firefox OS phones along with information such as their code names, availability, and specific hardware features.
+
+ Flame
+
+ Information on Mozilla's high-end Firefox OS reference phone, codenamed the Flame, and produced in partnership with T2Mobile.
+
+ Geeksphone
+
+ In this article we cover some basic tips on how to keep your Geeksphone up-to-date and how to tweak the system Gaia applications.
+
+ ZTE OPEN
+
+ This article contains information on the ZTE OPEN Firefox OS device.
+
+ ZTE OPEN C
+
+ The ZTE Open C is an updated ZTE-produced Firefox OS device, with higher end hardware and newer software.
+
+ Symphony GoFox F15
+
+ The Symphony GoFox F15 is the first Firefox OS Device to come with 3G video calling capability, launched in Bangladesh.
+
+

General Firefox OS information

+
+
+ General device features
+
+ This page lists typical Firefox OS hardware features and minimum hardware requirements.
+
+ Troubleshooting
+
+ This article provides tips for resolving common problems you may have while using Firefox OS.
+
+ Best practices for open reference devices
+
+ A set of best practices that we believe should come highly recommended for any widely available open reference devices. All of the recent Firefox OS reference devices have followed these practices.
+
diff --git a/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/index.html b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c0424389d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +--- +title: Build +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart +tags: + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart +--- +
+

Quickstart information on coding open web apps.

+
+
+
+ Introduction to open web apps
+
+ What are open web apps? How they differ from regular web pages? Why is this significant? This article aims to answer these questions and more.
+
+ Your first app
+
+ This article takes you through the basic steps and additional knowledge on top of regular web development required to create installable open web apps.
+
+ Introduction to Firefox OS
+
+ An introduction to Firefox OS, Mozilla's new open web app-based mobile platform.
+
+ Introduction to manifests
+
+ An FAQ designed to answer any questions you may have about manifests, hosting apps, origins, and other such topics.
+
+ App development for web developers
+
+ If you're a web developer, how do open web apps differ from what you're used to? This article explains all.
+
+ App development for mobile developers
+
+ If you're a native mobile application developer, what advantages can open web apps bring to you, and how do they differ from what you are used to? Here are some ideas.
+
+ Developing app functionality
+
+ This page talks about the kinds of different functionality that you might want to build into your apps, with links to further information.
+
+ Payments
+
+ How do you build functionality to make people pay for installing your open web apps? Here is the lowdown.
+
+ App tools
+
+ Last for this section, we provide some links to more information on the tools available to help you develop great open web apps.
+
diff --git a/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/your_first_app/index.html b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/your_first_app/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..41acb6738b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/quickstart/your_first_app/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,265 @@ +--- +title: Your first app +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart/Your_first_app +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Quickstart/Your_first_app +--- +
+

Not:Hızlı Başlangıç bölümü yeni ve daha fazla odaklanmış hızlı başlangıç makaleleri ile güncellendi.Umarız bu öncekine göre size daha kullanışlı,daha hızlı bir öğrenme deneyimi sunar.

+
+ +
+
+

Açık web uygulamaları geliştiricilerin yıllardır aradığını veriyor:sadece HTML,CSS ve JavaScript ile oluşturulmuş yüklenmeye adanmış çapraz uygulama platormu.Bunlarla birlikte Firefox OS açıp web uygulamarına adamış ilk açık web uygalaması platformu.Bu rehber ana mimariyi hızlıca öğrenmenizi ve böylece bir sonraki büyük uygulamanızı geliştirmeye başlamanızı amaçlıyor!

+
+ +

Eğer bu rehber ile devam etmek istiyorsanız, bizim hızlı başlangıç şablonumuzu indirebilirsiniz. Daha fazla bilgi almak için bizim Uygulama şablonları rehberimizi okuyun.

+ +

Ugulama Mimarisi

+ +

Paketlenen ve Barındırılan Uygulamalar

+ +

İki çeşit açık web uygulamarı vardır: paketlenen ve barındırılan. Paketlenmiş uygulamalar aslında bütün uygulama çeşitlerini (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, manifest, vb.) içeren zip dosyalarıdır. Barındılan uygulamar ise tıpkı standart web siteleri gibi alan adı bulunan bir sunucu üzerinden çalışır. Her iki uygulama çeşidininde açıkça belirtilmesi gerekir. Uygulamanızı Firefox uygulama marketinde yayınlama vakti geldiğinde, uygulamanızı zip dosyası olarak yüklemeli ya da uygulamanızın barındırıldığı linki belirtmelisiniz.

+ +
+

{{EmbedYouTube("Q7x-B13y33Q")}}

+ +
+

Treehouse ile birlikte hazırlanmıştır: Hemen ziyaret edin!

+
+
+ +

Bu dokümanın amaçlarından biri, lokal ortamınızda barındırdığınız ve host ettiğiniz bir uygulama oluşturmaktır. Uygulamanız Firefox Marketplace'de listelemeye hazır olduğunda, bir paket uygulaması olarak ya da barındırılan bir uygulama olarak yayınlamak isteyebilirsiniz.

+ +

App Manifests

+ +

Every Firefox app requires a manifest.webapp file at the app root. The manifest.webapp file provides important information about the app, such as version, name, description, icon location, locale strings, domains the app can be installed from, and much more. Only the name and description are required. The simple manifest included within the app template is similar to the following:

+ +
{
+  "version": "0.1",
+  "name": "Open Web App",
+  "description": "Your new awesome Open Web App",
+  "launch_path": "/app-template/index.html",
+  "icons": {
+    "16": "/app-template/app-icons/icon-16.png",
+    "48": "/app-template/app-icons/icon-48.png",
+    "128": "/app-template/app-icons/icon-128.png"
+  },
+  "developer": {
+    "name": "Your Name",
+    "url": "http://yourawesomeapp.com"
+  },
+  "locales": {
+    "es": {
+      "description": "Su nueva aplicación impresionante Open Web",
+      "developer": {
+        "url": "http://yourawesomeapp.com"
+      }
+    },
+    "it": {
+      "description": "La tua nuova fantastica Open Web App",
+      "developer": {
+        "url": "http://yourawesomeapp.com"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "default_locale": "en"
+}
+ +
+

{{EmbedYouTube("dgAUgHQOm8M")}}

+ +
+

Made in partnership with Treehouse: Check them out!

+
+
+ +

 

+ +

A basic manifest is all you need to get started. For more details about manifests, read App Manifest.

+ +

App Layout & Design

+ +

Responsive design has become increasingly important as more screen resolutions become standard on different devices. Even if the main target of your app is mobile platforms such as Firefox OS, other devices will likely have access to it as well. CSS media queries allow you to adapt layout to device, as shown in this skeleton CSS example:

+ +
/* The following are examples of different CSS media queries */
+
+/* Basic desktop/screen width sniff */
+@media only screen and (min-width : 1224px) {
+  /* styles */
+}
+
+/* Traditional iPhone width */
+@media
+  only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 1.5),
+  only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio : 1.5) {
+  /* styles */
+}
+
+/* Device settings at different orientations */
+@media screen and (orientation:portrait) {
+  /* styles */
+}
+@media screen and (orientation:landscape) {
+  /* styles */
+}
+ +

There are many JavaScript and CSS frameworks available to aid in responsive design and mobile app development (Bootstrap, etc.) Choose the framework(s) that best fit your app and development style.

+ +

Web APIs

+ +

JavaScript APIs are being created and enhanced as quickly as devices are. Mozilla's WebAPI effort brings dozens of standard mobile features to JavaScript APIs. A list of device support and status is available on the WebAPI page. JavaScript feature detection is still the best practice, as shown in the following example:

+ +
// If this device supports the vibrate API...
+if('vibrate' in navigator) {
+    // ... vibrate for a second
+    navigator.vibrate(1000);
+}
+ +

In the following example, the display style of a <div> is modified based on changes in the battery state of the device:

+ +
// Create the battery indicator listeners
+(function() {
+  var battery = navigator.battery || navigator.mozBattery || navigator.webkitBattery,
+      indicator, indicatorPercentage;
+
+  if(battery) {
+    indicator = document.getElementById('indicator'),
+    indicatorPercentage = document.getElementById('indicator-percentage');
+
+    // Set listeners for changes
+    battery.addEventListener('chargingchange', updateBattery);
+    battery.addEventListener('levelchange', updateBattery);
+
+    // Update immediately
+    updateBattery();
+  }
+
+  function updateBattery() {
+    // Update percentage width and text
+    var level = (battery.level * 100) + '%';
+    indicatorPercentage.style.width = level;
+    indicatorPercentage.innerHTML = 'Battery: ' + level;
+    // Update charging status
+    indicator.className = battery.charging ? 'charging' : '';
+  }
+})();
+ +

In the code sample above, once you confirm that the Battery API is supported, you can add event listeners for chargingchange and levelchange to update the element's display. Try adding the following to the quickstart template, and see if you can get it working.

+ +

Check the WebAPI page frequently to keep up to date with device API statuses.

+ +

Install API functionality

+ +

In our sample quickstart app template, we've implemented an install button that you can click when viewing the app as a standard Web page, to install that site on Firefox OS as an app. The button markup is nothing special:

+ +
<button id="install-btn">Install app</button>
+ +

This button's functionality is implemented using the Install API (see install.js):

+ +
var manifest_url = location.href + 'manifest.webapp';
+
+function install(ev) {
+  ev.preventDefault();
+  // define the manifest URL
+  // install the app
+  var installLocFind = navigator.mozApps.install(manifest_url);
+  installLocFind.onsuccess = function(data) {
+    // App is installed, do something
+  };
+  installLocFind.onerror = function() {
+    // App wasn't installed, info is in
+    // installapp.error.name
+    alert(installLocFind.error.name);
+  };
+};
+
+// get a reference to the button and call install() on click if the app isn't already installed. If it is, hide the button.
+var button = document.getElementById('install-btn');
+
+var installCheck = navigator.mozApps.checkInstalled(manifest_url);
+
+installCheck.onsuccess = function() {
+  if(installCheck.result) {
+    button.style.display = "none";
+  } else {
+    button.addEventListener('click', install, false);
+  };
+};
+
+ +

Let's run through briefly what is going on:

+ +
    +
  1. We get a reference to the install button and store it in the variable button.
    2. +
  2. We use navigator.mozApps.checkInstalled to check whether the app defined by the manifest at http://people.mozilla.com/~cmills/location-finder/manifest.webapp is already installed on the device. This test is stored in the variable installCheck.
    3. +
  3. When the test is successfully carried out, its success event is fired, therefore installCheck.onsuccess = function() { ... } is run.
    4. +
  4. We then test for the existence of installCheck.result using an if statement. If it does exist, meaning that the app is installed, we hide the button. An install button isn't needed if it is already installed.
    5. +
  5. If the app isn't installed, we add a click event listener to the button, so the install() function is run when the button is clicked.
    6. +
  6. When the button is clicked and the install() function is run, we store the manifest file location in a variable called manifest_url, and then install the app using navigator.mozApps.install(manifest_url), storing a reference to that installation in the installLocFind variable. You'll notice that this installation also fires success and error events, so you can run actions dependent on whether the install happened successfully or not.
    7. +
+ +

You may want to verify the implementation state of the API when first coming to Installable web apps.

+ +
+

Note: Installable open web apps have a "single app per origin" security policy; basically, you can't host more than one installable app per origin. This makes testing a bit more tricky, but there are still ways around this, such as creating different sub-domains for apps, testing them using the Firefox OS Simulator, or testing the install functionality on Firefox Aurora/Nightly, which allows you to install installable web apps on the desktop. See FAQs about apps manifests for more information on origins.

+
+ +

WebRT APIs (Permissions-based APIs)

+ +

There are a number of WebAPIs that are available but require permissions for that specific feature to be enabled. Apps may register permission requests within the manifest.webapp file like so:

+ +
// New key in the manifest: "permissions"
+// Request access to any number of APIs
+// Here we request permissions to the systemXHR API
+"permissions": {
+    "systemXHR": {}
+}
+ +

The three levels of permission are as follows:

+ + + +

For more information on app permission levels, read Types of packaged apps. You can find out more information about what APIs require permissions, and what permissions are required, at App permissions.

+ +
+

It's important to note that not all Web APIs have been implemented within the Firefox OS Simulator.

+
+ +

Tools & Testing

+ +

Testing is incredibly important when supporting mobile devices. There are many options for testing installable open web apps.

+ +

Firefox OS Simulator

+ +

Installing and using the Firefox OS Simulator is the easiest way to get up and running with your app. After you install the simulator, it is accessible from the Tools -> Web Developer -> Firefox OS Simulator menu. The simulator launches with a JavaScript console so you can debug your application from within the simulator.

+ +

App Manager

+ +

The new kid on the block with regards to testing tools is called the App Manager. This tool allows you to connect desktop Firefox to a compatible device via USB (or a Firefox OS simulator), push apps straight to the device, validate apps, and debug them as they run on the device.

+ +

Unit Testing

+ +

Unit tests are extremely valuable when testing on different devices and builds. jQuery's QUnit is a popular client-side testing utility, but you can use any set of testing tools you'd like.

+ +

Installing Firefox OS on a Device

+ +

Since Firefox OS is an open source platform, code and tools are available to build and install Firefox OS on your own device. Build and installation instructions, as well as notes on what devices it can be installed on, can be found on MDN.

+ +

Dedicated Firefox OS developer preview devices are also available: read our Developer preview phone page for more information.

+ +

App Submission and Distribution

+ +

Once your app is complete, you can host it yourself like a standard web site or app (read Self-publishing apps for more information), or it can be submitted to the Firefox Marketplace. Your app's manifest will be validated and you may choose which devices your app will support (e.g. Firefox OS, Desktop Firefox, Firefox Mobile, Firefox Tablet). Once validated, you can add additional details about your app (screenshots, descriptions, price, etc.) and officially submit the app for listing within the Marketplace. Once approved, your app is available to the world for purchase and installation.

+ +

More Marketplace & Listing Information

+ +
    +
  1. Submitting an App to the Firefox OS Marketplace
    2. +
  2. Marketplace Review Criteria
    3. +
  3. App Submission Video Walkthrough
    4. +
+
diff --git a/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/simulator/index.html b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/simulator/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..284aee7423 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/b2g_os/simulator/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +--- +title: Firefox OS Simülasyonu +slug: Archive/B2G_OS/Simulator +tags: + - Araçlar + - Firefox OS + - Firefox os Simülatör + - Firefox İşletim Sistemi + - Uygulamalar +translation_of: Archive/B2G_OS/Simulator +--- +
+

Firefox işletim sistemi için eklenti yazımı iki ana bölümden oluşmaktadır:

+ + + +

Now these two pieces have been split: the functions of the Dashboard are implemented by the Firefox OS App Manager, which is built into Firefox. The Simulator add-on now only includes the Simulator part.

+
+ +

The Firefox OS Simulator add-on is a tool that enables you to test and debug your Firefox OS app on the desktop. The code-test-debug cycle is much faster with the simulator than with a real device, and of course, you don't need a real device in order to use it. The Simulator add-on is a build of the Firefox OS desktop client, which is a version of the higher layers of Firefox OS that runs on your desktop.

+ +

You start and stop the Simulator, and attach the developer tools to it, using the App Manager, which is built into Firefox.

+ +

Yükleme

+ +

Simülatörü yüklemek için WebIDE's Manage Simulators panel (Firefox 33 ve üstü versiyonlarda kullanılabilir) kullanmalısınız. Çoklu versiyonu kullanılabilir ve maksimum esneklik için tümünü kurmanızı tavsiye ediyoruz.

+ +

To start the Simulator, you choose it from WebIDE's runtime list. For more details, see the instructions in the WebIDE documentation. Once the Simulator's running, you can push apps to it and debug them using the WebIDE, just as you can with a real device.

+ +

If you are using the App Manager (an older tool available prior to the WebIDE), you can install a simulator via the following button:

+ +

Simülatörü Yükle

+ +

The Simulator UI

+ +

The Simulator appears as a separate window, sized so the simulated screen area is 320x480 pixels. To simulate touch events you can click the mouse button and drag while holding the button down. So by clicking and dragging right-to-left from the Home Screen, you'll see the built-in apps, as well as any apps you have added:

+ +

+ +

The Simulator has two buttons in a toolbar at the bottom:

+ + + +

SD card emulation

+ +

In the Simulator the device SD card is mapped to the "fake-sdcard" directory in the Simulator's profile, which is itself located inside the "extensions" directory under the Firefox profile in which the Simulator is installed. For example:

+ +
/path/to/Firefox/Profiles/Firefox-profile-name/extensions/fxos_2_2_simulator@mozilla.org/profile/fake-sdcard
+ +

Files read or written using the getDeviceStorage API will appear here.

+ +

Before version 2.2 of the Simulator, you had to create the "fake-sdcard" directory manually for this to work. From 2.2 onwards, the "fake-sdcard" directory is created for you automatically.

+ +

Also from version 2.2 onwards, if you're running the Simulator from the command line you can define a different directory by passing the --storage-path option.

+ +

Limitations of the Simulator

+ +

Note that the Firefox OS Simulator isn't a perfect simulation.

+ +

Hardware limitations

+ +

Apart from screen size, the Simulator does not simulate the hardware limitations of a Firefox OS device such as available memory or CPU speed.

+ +

Audio/video codecs

+ +

The following codecs depend on hardware-accelerated decoding and are therefore not yet supported:

+ + + +

This means it isn't possible to use the Simulator to test video playback in apps and on websites like Youtube that rely on these codecs.

+ +

Desteklenmeyen APİ'ler

+ +

Certain APIs that work on the device won't work on the Simulator, generally because the supporting hardware is not available on the desktop. We've implemented simulations for some APIs such as geolocation, and expect to add more in future releases. However, at the moment the following APIs are not supported. Using them might throw errors or just return incorrect results:

+ + + +

Getting help

+ +

The Firefox OS Simulator is still at an early stage of development, and isn't yet as reliable and complete as we'd like it to be.

+ +

If you find any bugs, please file them on GitHub. If you have a question, try asking us on the dev-developer-tools mailing list or on #devtools on irc.mozilla.org.

+ +

How to enable verbose logging

+ +

Use about:config to create the preference extensions.r2d2b2g@mozilla.org.sdk.console.logLevel, set it to the integer value 0, and disable/reenable the addon. Additional messages about the Simulator's operation will appear in the Error Console (or Browser Console in newer versions of Firefox).

diff --git a/files/tr/archive/css3/index.html b/files/tr/archive/css3/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7892c2dae6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/css3/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,975 @@ +--- +title: CSS3 +slug: Archive/CSS3 +tags: + - CSS + - CSS referansı +translation_of: Archive/CSS3 +--- +

CSS3, Cascading Style Sheets'in(Basamaklı Stil Şablonları) dilinin son evrimi ve CSS2.1'i evrimleştirmeyi amaçlayan en son sürümdür. Çok uzun süredir beklenen yuvarlatılmış köşeler, gölgeler, gradyanlar(aşamalı değişim), geçişler ve animasyonlar, ilaveten yeni yerleşimler; çok sütunluluk, esnek kutular ve yerleşim kılavuzları gibi yenilikleri içerir. Sağlayıcı öneki Deneysel bölümler Sağlayıcı öneklenmiştir ve ya üretim ortamlarından kaçınılmalı ya da  gelecekte değişebilecek sözdizimini ile anlamlarını aşırı dikkat ile kullanılmalıdır.

+ +

Modüller ve standartlaşma süreci

+ +

CSS2'de önerilen duruma ulaşmak için 9 yıl gerekti, Ağustos 2002'den Haziran 2011'e kadar. This was due to the fact that a few secondary features hold back the whole specification. In order to accelerate the standardization of non-problematic features, the CSS Working Group of the W3C, in a decision referred as the Beijing doctrine, divided CSS in smaller components called modules . Each of these modules is now an independent part of the language and moves towards standardization at its own pace. While some modules are already W3C Recommendations, other still are early Working Drafts. New modules are also added when new needs are identified.

+ +

CSS Modules and Snapshots as defined since CSS3 Formally, there is no CSS3 standard per se . Each module being standardized independently, the standard CSS consists of CSS2.1 amended and extended by the completed modules, not necessary all with the same level number. At each point of time, a snapshot of the CSS standard can be defined, listing CSS2.1 and the mature modules.

+ +

The W3 consortium periodically publishes such snapshots, like in 2007 or 2010.

+ +

Though today no module with a level greater than 3 is standardized, this will change in the future. Some modules, like Selectors 4 or CSS Borders and Backgrounds Level 4 already have an Editor's Draft, though they haven't yet reached the First Published Working Draft status.

+ +

CSS modülleri durumu

+ +

Kararlı modüller

+ +

A few CSS modules are already fairly stable and have reached one of the three recommendation level of the CSSWG: Candidate Recommendation, Proposed Recommendation or Recommendation. These can be used without prefix and are pretty stable, though a few features can still be dropped at the Candidate Recommendation stage.

+ +

These modules extend and amend the CSS2.1 specification which build the core of the specification. Together with it, they are the current snapshot of the CSS specification.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Colors", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Colors") }} since June 7th, 2011
+

Adds the {{ cssxref("opacity") }} property, and the hsl(), hsla(), rgba() and rgb() functions to create {{cssxref("<color>")}} values. It also defines the currentColor keyword as a valid color.

+ +

The transparent color is now a real color (thanks to the support for the alpha channel) and is a now an alias for rgba(0,0,0,0.0) .

+ +

It deprecates the system-color keywords that shouldn't be used in a production environment anymore.

+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Selectors", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Selectors") }} since September 29th, 2011
+

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • Substring matching attribute selectors, E[attribute^="value"], E[attribute$="value"], E[attribute*="value"] .
    • +
  • New pseudo-classes: {{ cssxref(":target") }}, {{ cssxref(":enabled") }} and {{ cssxref(":disabled") }}, {{ cssxref(":checked") }}, {{ cssxref(":indeterminate") }}, {{ cssxref(":root") }}, {{ cssxref(":nth-child") }} and {{ cssxref(":nth-last-child") }}, {{ cssxref(":nth-of-type") }} and {{ cssxref(":nth-last-of-type") }}, {{ cssxref(":last-child") }}, {{ cssxref(":first-of-type") }} and {{ cssxref(":last-of-type") }}, {{ cssxref(":only-child") }} and {{ cssxref(":only-of-type") }},{{ cssxref(":empty") }}, and {{ cssxref(":not") }}.
    • +
  • Pseudo-elements are now characterized by two colons rather then one: :after becomes {{ cssxref("::after") }}, :before becomes {{ cssxref("::before") }}, :first-letter becomes {{ cssxref("::first-letter") }}, and :first-line becomes {{ cssxref("::first-line") }}.
    • +
  • The new general sibling combinator ( h1~pre ).
    • +
+
+ +

The next iteration of the Selectors specification is already in progress, though it still hasn't reached the First Public Working Draft stage.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Namespaces", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Namespaces") }} since September 29th, 2011
+

Adds the support for the XML Namespaces by defining the notion of CSS qualified name, using the ' | ' syntax and adding the {{ cssxref("@namespace") }} CSS at-rule.

+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Media Queries", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Media Queries") }} since June 19th, 2012
+

Extends the former media type ( print, screen, … ) to a full language allowing queries on the device media capabilities like only screen and (color) .

+ +

Media queries are not only used in CSS document but also in some attributes of HTML Elements, like the {{ htmlattrxref("media","link") }} attribute of the {{ HTMLElement("link") }} element.

+
+ +

The next iteration of this specification is in the work, allowing to tailor a Web site regarding the input methods available on the user agent, with new media features like hover or pointer. Detection of EcmaScript support, using the script media features is also proposed.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Style", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Style") }} since November 7th, 2013
Formally defines the syntax of the content of the HTML style global attribute.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Backgrounds", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Backgrounds") }}
+

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • Support, on backgrounds, for any type of {{cssxref("<image>")}}, and not only for uri() defined ones.
    • +
  • Support for multiple background images.
    • +
  • The {{ cssxref("background-repeat") }} space and round values, and for the 2-value syntax of this CSS property.
    • +
  • The {{ cssxref("background-attachment") }} local value.
    • +
  • The CSS {{ cssxref("background-origin") }}, {{ cssxref("background-size") }}, and {{ cssxref("background-clip") }} properties.
    • +
  • Support for curved border corners, with the CSS {{ cssxref("border-radius") }}, {{ cssxref("border-top-left-radius") }}, {{ cssxref("border-top-right-radius") }}, {{ cssxref("border-bottom-left-radius") }}, and {{ cssxref("border-bottom-right-radius") }} properties.
    • +
  • Support for the use of an {{cssxref("<image>")}} as the border with the CSS {{ cssxref("border-image") }}, {{ cssxref("border-image-source") }}, {{ cssxref("border-image-slice") }}, {{ cssxref("border-image-width") }}, {{ cssxref("border-image-outset") }}, and {{ cssxref("border-image-repeat") }} properties.
    • +
  • Support for shadows of the element with the CSS {{ cssxref("box-shadow") }} property.
    • +
+
+ +

The CSS4 iteration of the Backgrounds and Borders specification is already in progress, though it still hasn't reached the First Public Working Draft stage, it plans to add the ability to clip a border (with the CSS {{ cssxref("border-clip") }}, {{ cssxref("border-clip-top") }}, {{ cssxref("border-clip-right") }}, {{ cssxref("border-clip-bottom") }}, and {{ cssxref("border-clip-left") }} properties) or to control the shape of the border in a corner (using the CSS {{ cssxref("border-corner-shape") }} property).

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Multicol", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Multicol") }}
Adds support for easy multi-column layouts using the CSS {{ cssxref("columns") }}, {{ cssxref("column-count") }}, {{ cssxref("column-fill") }}, {{ cssxref("column-gap") }}, {{ cssxref("column-rule") }}, {{ cssxref("column-rule-color") }}, {{ cssxref("column-rule-style") }}, {{ cssxref("column-rule-width") }}, {{ cssxref("column-span") }}, {{ cssxref("column-width") }}, {{ cssxref("break-after") }}, {{ cssxref("break-before") }}, and {{ cssxref("break-inside") }}.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Speech", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Speech") }}
Defines the speech media type, an aural formatting model and numerous properties specific for speech-rendering user agents.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Images", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Images") }}
+

Defines the {{cssxref("<image>")}} data type.

+ +

Extends the url() syntax to support image slices using media fragments.

+ +

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • The dppx unit to the {{cssxref("<resolution>")}} data type.
    • +
  • The image() function as a more flexible alternative to url() to define an image from an url.
    + At risk : due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the image() function may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
  • Support for linear-gradient(), repeating-linear-gradient(), radial-gradient() and repeating-radial-gradient().
    • +
  • The ability to define how a replaced element should fit in its element, using the CSS {{ cssxref("object-fit") }} property.
    + At risk : due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the {{ cssxref("object-fit") }} and property may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
  • The ability to override the resolution and orientation of an external image using the CSS {{ cssxref("image-resolution") }} and {{ cssxref("image-orientation") }} properties.
    + At risk : due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the {{ cssxref("image-resolution") }} and {{ cssxref("image-orientation") }} properties may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
+
+ +

The CSS Image Values and Replaced Content Level 4 which will supersede CSS Image Level 3 is in development and is a {{Spec2("CSS4 Images")}}.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Values", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Values") }}
+

Makes initial and inherit keywords usable on any CSS property.

+ +

Formally defines the CSS data types of CSS 2.1, that were implicitely defined by their grammar token and some textual precisions.

+ +

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • Definition for new font-relative length units: rem and ch .
    • +
  • Definition for viewport-relative length units: vw, vh, vmax, and vmin .
    • +
  • Precision about the real size of the absolute length units, which are not really absolute, but defined in relation with the reference pixel .
    • +
  • Definition for {{ cssxref("<angle>") }}, {{cssxref("<time>")}}, {{cssxref("<frequency>")}}, {{cssxref("<resolution>")}}.
    • +
  • Normative value to the definition of {{cssxref("<color>")}}, {{cssxref("<image>")}}, and {{ cssxref("<position>") }}.
    • +
  • Definition for the {{ cssxref("calc", "calc()") }}, {{ cssxref("attr", "attr()")}}, and toggle() functional notations.
    + At risk: due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the calc(), attr(), and toggle() functional notations may be postponed to the next iteration of this module.
    • +
+
+ +

Several types definition, like <ident> and <custom-ident>, have been deferred to CSS Values and Units Module Level 4.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Flexbox", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Flexbox") }}
Add a flexbox layout to the CSS {{ cssxref("display") }} property and several new CSS properties to control it: {{ cssxref("flex") }}, {{ cssxref("flex-align") }}, {{ cssxref("flex-direction") }}, {{ cssxref("flex-flow") }}, {{ cssxref("flex-item-align") }}, {{ cssxref("flex-line-pack") }}, {{ cssxref("flex-order") }}, {{ cssxref("flex-pack") }}, and {{ cssxref("flex-wrap") }}.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Conditional", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Conditional") }}
Adds features for conditional processing of parts of style sheets, conditioned on capabilities of the browser or the document the style sheet is being applied to. It consists mainly in allowing nested at-rules inside {{ cssxref("@media") }} and the adding of a new CSS at-rule, {{ cssxref("@supports") }}, and a new DOM method {{domxref("CSS.supports()")}}.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Text Decoration", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Text Decoration") }}
+

Extends:

+ +
    +
  • the CSS {{ cssxref("text-decoration") }} property by making it a shorthand for the CSS {{ cssxref("text-decoration-line") }}, {{ cssxref("text-decoration-color") }}, and {{ cssxref("text-decoration-style") }} properties. And adds the {{ cssxref("text-decoration-skip") }}, and {{ cssxref("text-underline-position") }} properties.
    • +
+ +

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • Support for East-Asian-script emphasis marks with the CSS {{ cssxref("text-emphasis") }}, {{ cssxref("text-emphasis-style") }}, {{ cssxref("text-emphasis-color") }}, and {{ cssxref("text-emphasis-position") }} properties.
    • +
  • Support for script shadows with the CSS {{ cssxref("text-shadow") }} property.
    • +
+ +

Precises:

+ +
    +
  • The paint order of the decorations.
    • +
+ +

At risk: due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the text-decoration-skip, line positioning rules and the ability to place both emphasis marks and ruby above the same base text may be postponed to the next iteration of this module.

+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Fonts", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Fonts") }}
+

Amends the CSS2.1 Font matching algorithm to be closer to what is really implemented.

+ +

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • Support for downloadable fonts via the CSS {{ cssxref("@font-face") }} at-rule.
    • +
  • The control of the contextual inter-glyph spacing via the CSS {{ cssxref("font-kerning") }} property.
    • +
  • The choice of language-specific glyphs via the CSS {{ cssxref("font-language-override") }} property.
    • +
  • The choice of glyphs with specific OpenType features via the CSS {{ cssxref("font-feature-settings") }} property.
    • +
  • The control of the aspect ratio to use when fallback fonts are selected via the CSS {{ cssxref("font-size-adjust") }} property.
    • +
  • The choice of alternative font faces using the CSS {{ cssxref("font-stretch") }}, {{ cssxref("font-variant-alternates") }}, {{ cssxref("font-variant-caps") }}, {{ cssxref("font-variant-east-asian") }}, {{ cssxref("font-variant-ligatures") }}, {{ cssxref("font-variant-numeric") }}, and {{ cssxref("font-variant-position") }} properties. It also extends the related CSS {{ cssxref("font-variant") }} shorthand property and introduces the {{ cssxref("@font-features-values") }} at-rule.
    • +
  • The control of the automatic generation of an oblique or bold face when none are found via the CSS {{ cssxref("font-synthesis") }} property.
    • +
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Cascade", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Cascade") }}
+

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • The initial, unset values for properties.
    • +
  • The CSS {{ cssxref("all") }} property.
    • +
  • The scoping mechanism.
    • +
+ +

Precises:

+ +
    +
  • Interaction of media-dependent @import statements and style sheet loading requirements.
    • +
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Writing Modes", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Writing Modes") }}
Defines the writing modes of both horizontal and vertical scripts and precises how the CSS {{ cssxref("direction") }} and {{ cssxref("unicode-bidi") }} properties interact with the new CSS {{ cssxref("text-orientation") }} property, and extends them where needed.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS Shapes", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS Shapes") }}
Defines geometric shapes, which can be applied to floats. These shapes describe areas, around which inline content wraps instead of wrapping around the bounding box.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS Masks", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS Masks") }}
Defines a way for partially or fully hiding portions of visual elements. It describes how to use another graphical element or image as a luminance or alpha mask.
+ +

Arıtma aşamasında modüller

+ +

Specifications that are deemed to be in the refining phase are already fairly stable. Though changes are still expected, they shouldn't create incompatibilities with current implementations; they should mainly define behavior in edge cases.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("Web Animations", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("Web Animations") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Counter Styles", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Counter Styles") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("Compositing", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("Compositing") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Syntax", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Syntax") }}
Precises how charsets are determined; minor changes in parsing and tokenization algorithms.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS Will Change", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS Will Change") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Transitions", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Transitions") }}
Allows the definition of transitions effects between two properties values by adding the CSS {{ cssxref("transition") }}, {{ cssxref("transition-delay") }}, {{ cssxref("transition-duration") }}, {{ cssxref("transition-property") }}, and {{ cssxref("transition-timing-function") }} properties.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Animations", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Animations") }}
Allows the definition of animations effects by adding the CSS {{ cssxref("animation") }}, {{ cssxref("animation-delay") }},{{ cssxref("animation-direction") }}, {{ cssxref("animation-duration") }}, {{ cssxref("animation-fill-mode") }}, {{ cssxref("animation-iteration-count") }}, {{ cssxref("animation-name") }}, {{ cssxref("animation-play-state") }}, and {{ cssxref("animation-timing-function") }} properties, as well as the {{ cssxref("@keyframes") }} at-rule.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Transforms", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Transforms") }}
+

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • the support of bi-dimensional transforms to be applied to any element using the CSS {{ cssxref("transform") }} and {{ cssxref("transform-origin") }} properties. The supported transforms are: matrix(), translate(), translateX(), translateY(), scale(), scaleX(), scaleY(), rotate(), skewX(), and skewY().
    • +
  • the support of tri-dimensional transforms to be applied to any element by adding the CSS {{ cssxref("transform-style") }}, {{ cssxref("perspective") }}, {{ cssxref("perspective-origin") }}, and {{ cssxref("backface-visibility") }} properties and extended the {{ cssxref("transform") }} property with the following transforms are: matrix 3d(), translate3d(), translateZ(),  scale3d(), scaleZ(), rotate3d(), rotateX(), rotateY(), rotateZ(), and perspective().
    • +
+ +

Note: this specification is a merge of CSS 2D-Transforms, CSS 3D-Transforms and SVG transforms.

+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Fragmentation", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Fragmentation") }}
Defines how partitions of a Web page should happen, that is page, column breaks, and widows and orphans handling. +

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • Support for defining the behavior of decorations, that is borders and background colors or images, when a box is breaked (at a page, column or line-break) with the CSS {{ cssxref("box-decoration-break") }} property.
    • +
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Text", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Text") }}
+

Extends:

+ +
    +
  • the CSS {{ cssxref("text-transform") }} property with the value full-width.
    • +
  • the CSS {{ cssxref("text-align") }} property with the value start, end, start end, and match-parent for a better support of documents with multiple directionalities of text.
    • +
  • the CSS {{ cssxref("text-align") }} property with a {{cssxref("<string>")}} value to align on that character. This is useful to align number on the decimal point.
    • +
  • the CSS {{ cssxref("word-spacing") }} and {{ cssxref("letter-spacing") }} properties with range constraints to control flexibility in justification.
    • +
+ +

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • Control on how whitespaces are displayed using the CSS {{ cssxref("text-space-collapse") }} and {{ cssxref("tab-size") }} properties.
    • +
  • Control on line breaks and word boundaries using the CSS {{ cssxref("line-break") }}, {{ cssxref("word-break") }}, {{ cssxref("hyphens") }}, {{ cssxref("text-wrap") }}, {{ cssxref("overflow-wrap") }}, and {{ cssxref("text-align-last") }} properties.
    • +
  • Control on how justification is happening, in order to support more type of scripts, using the CSS {{ cssxref("text-justify") }} property.
    • +
  • Control on edge effect using the CSS {{ cssxref("text-indent") }} and {{ cssxref("hanging-punctuation") }} properties.
    • +
+
+ +

A few features present in early CSS Text Level 3 draft have being postponed to the next iteration of this module .

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Variables", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Variables") }}
Defines a mechanism allowing to define variables in CSS.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("Compositing", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("Compositing") }}
 
+ +

Gözden geçirme aşamasında modüller

+ +

Modules that are in the revising phase are much less stable than those in the refining phase. Often the syntax is still under scrutiny and may evolve a lot, in a non-compatible way. Alternative syntaxes are tested and often implemented.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Basic UI", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Basic UI") }}
+

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • The ability to tweak the box model using the CSS {{ cssxref("box-sizing") }} property.
    + At risk: due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the padding-box value may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
  • Allow the styling of forms according their content using the CSS {{ cssxref(":indeterminate") }}, {{ cssxref(":default") }}, {{ cssxref(":valid") }}, {{ cssxref(":invalid") }}, {{ cssxref(":in-range") }}, {{ cssxref(":out-of-range") }}, {{ cssxref(":required") }}, {{ cssxref(":optional") }}, {{ cssxref(":read-only") }}, and {{ cssxref(":read-write") }} pseudo-classes and the {{ cssxref("::value") }}, {{ cssxref("::choices") }}, {{ cssxref("::repeat-item") }}, and {{ cssxref("::repeat-index") }} pseudo-elements.
    + At risk: due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the pseudo-elements {{ cssxref("::value") }}, {{ cssxref("::choices") }}, {{ cssxref("::repeat-item") }}, and {{ cssxref("::repeat-index") }} may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
  • Support for icons, defined by the CSS {{ cssxref("icon") }} property simultaneously with the new icon value of the CSS {{ cssxref("content") }} property.
    + At risk: due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the {{ cssxref("icon") }} property and the icon value may be postponed to CSS4.
    • +
  • Support for the CSS {{ cssxref("outline-offset") }} property giving more control on the position of the outline.
    • +
  • Support for the CSS {{ cssxref("resize") }} property allowing Web authors to control if and how elements should be resized.
    • +
  • Support for the CSS {{ cssxref("text-overflow") }} property defining how text overflows, if needed.
    + At risk: due to insufficient browser support, the 2-value syntax of this property as well as the support for {{cssxref("<string>")}} values may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
  • The ability to define the hotspot of a cursor as well as the new none, context-menu, cell, vertical-text, alias, copy, no-drop, not-allowed, nesw-resize, nwse-resize, col-resize, row-resize, all-scroll, zoom-in, zoom-out, extending the {{ cssxref("cursor") }} property.
    • +
  • The ability to specify the sequential navigation order (that is the tabbing order ) using the CSS {{ cssxref("nav-index") }}, {{ cssxref("nav-up") }}, {{ cssxref("nav-right") }}, {{ cssxref("nav-left") }}, {{ cssxref("nav-down") }} properties.
    + At risk: due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the navigation properties may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
  • The ability to control the usage of an IME editor, using the CSS {{ cssxref("ime-mode") }} property.
    + At risk: due to insufficient browser support, standardization of the {{ cssxref("ime-mode") }} property may be postponed to the next iteration of this module .
    • +
+
+ +

An early list of what could be in the next iteration of the CSS Basic User Interface Module is available.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Grid", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Grid") }}
Add a grid layout to the CSS display property and several new CSS properties to control it: {{cssxref("grid")}}, {{cssxref("grid-area")}}, {{cssxref("grid-auto-columns")}}, {{cssxref("grid-auto-flow")}}, {{cssxref("grid-auto-position")}}, {{cssxref("grid-auto-rows")}}, {{cssxref("grid-column")}}, {{cssxref("grid-column-start")}}, {{cssxref("grid-column-end")}}, {{cssxref("grid-row")}}, {{cssxref("grid-row-start")}}, {{cssxref("grid-row-end")}}, {{cssxref("grid-template")}}, {{cssxref("grid-template-areas")}}, {{cssxref("grid-template-rows")}}, and {{cssxref("grid-template-columns")}}.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Box Alignment", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Box Alignment") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Paged Media", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Paged Media") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSSOM View", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSSOM View") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS4 Selectors", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS4 Selectors") }}
 
+ +

Araştırma aşamasında modüller

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS4 Images", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS4 Images") }}
+

Extends:

+ +
    +
  • the image() functional notation to describe the directionality of the image (rtl or ltr), allowing for bidi-sensitive images.
    • +
  • the {{ cssxref("image-orientation") }} property by adding the keyword from-image, allowing to follow EXIF data stored into images to be considered.
    • +
+ +

Adds:

+ +
    +
  • the image-set() functional notation to allow the definition to equivalent images at different resolution allowing for resolution-negotiated selection of images.
    • +
  • the element() functional notation allowing the use of part of the page as image.
    • +
  • the cross-fade() functional notation allowing to refer to intermediate images when transitioning between two images and defines the interpolation between two images.
    • +
  • the conic-gradient() and repeating-conic-gradient() functional notation describing a new type of gradient.
    • +
  • the {{cssxref("image-rendering")}} property that allow to define how resize of the object should be handled.
    • +
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Device", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Device") }}
Adds a new at-rule, {{ cssxref("@viewport") }}, allowing to specify the size, zoom factor, and orientation of the viewport that is used as the base for the initial containing block.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 GCPM", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 GCPM") }}
Adds the ability to tailor printed version of a document by allowing to control header, footer but also references tables like indexes or tables of content.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS Exclusions", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS Exclusions") }}
Extends the floats mechanism to define exclusion regions in any positioning scheme. Adds the notion of shapes, in which content must flows.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Lists", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Lists") }}
Extends the list counter mechanism so that list markers can be styled and Web developers can define new list counter schemes.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Regions", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Regions") }}
Defines a new mechanism allowing content to flow across, eventually non-contiguous, multiple areas called regions.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Device", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Device") }}
Adds a new at-rule, {{ cssxref("@viewport") }}, allowing to specify the size, zoom factor, and orientation of the viewport that is used as the base for the initial containing block.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("Filters 1.0", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("Filters 1.0") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Template", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Template") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Sizing", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Sizing") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS Line Grid", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS Line Grid") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Positioning", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Positioning") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Ruby", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Ruby") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSSOM", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSSOM") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Overflow", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Overflow") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Font Loading", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Font Loading") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Display", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Display") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS Scope", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS Scope") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS4 Media Queries", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS4 Media Queries") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS Non-element Selectors", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS Non-element Selectors") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("Geometry Interfaces", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("Geometry Interfaces") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Inline", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Inline") }}
 
+ +

Yeniden yazılma aşamasında modüller

+ +

Modules that are in the rewriting phase are outdated and require to be rewritten. The syntax is still under scrutiny and may evolve a lot, in a non-compatible way. Alternative syntaxes are tested and often implemented.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Box", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Box") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Content", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Content") }}
 
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
{{ SpecName("CSS3 Inline Layout", "", "") }}{{ Spec2("CSS3 Inline Layout") }}
 
+ +

 

diff --git a/files/tr/archive/index.html b/files/tr/archive/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..56e172be27 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/archive/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +--- +title: Archive of obsolete content +slug: Archive +translation_of: Archive +--- +

(tr translation)

+ +

Here at MDN, we try to avoid outright deleting content that might be useful to people targeting legacy platforms, operating systems, and browsers. Perhaps your target audience is people that are using older hardware, for example, and can't upgrade to the latest and greatest browsers. Or for "reasons," your company is required to use very old software and you need to build Web content that runs on that software. Or perhaps you're just curious about the history of an obsolete feature or API, and how it worked.

+ +

There are many reasons older documentation can be useful. So, we've established this area into which we can archive older documentation. Material in this Archived content zone should not be used for building new Web sites or apps for modern browsers. It's here for historical reference only.

+ +
+

Note to writers: We need to try to keep the subpages here organized instead of all dumped into one large folder. Try to create subtrees for categories of material. Also, only move pages here that are extremely obsolete. If anyone might realistically need the information in a living product, it may not be appropriate to move it here. In general, it may be best to discuss it in the MDN Web Docs chat room before moving content here.

+
+ +

{{SubpagesWithSummaries}}

+ + + +

{{ListSubpages("/en-US/docs/Archive", 2, 0, 1)}}

diff --git a/files/tr/fennec_(firefox_mobile)/index.html b/files/tr/fennec_(firefox_mobile)/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a10390a2d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/fennec_(firefox_mobile)/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +--- +title: Mobile +slug: Fennec_(Firefox_Mobile) +tags: + - Firefox + - Mobile + - firefox fennec + - mobil + - mobile firefox +--- +

fennec_logo.png

+

Firefox'un cep telefonları için olan sürümüdür. Ekran görüntüleri aşağıdaki gibidir. Yakında daha ayrıntılı bilgiye buradan erişebileceksiniz.

+

fennec_ss1.png

+

fennec_ss2.png

+

fennect_ss3.png

diff --git a/files/tr/games/tutorials/2d_breakout_game_pure_javascript/create_the_canvas_and_draw_on_it/index.html b/files/tr/games/tutorials/2d_breakout_game_pure_javascript/create_the_canvas_and_draw_on_it/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ac5a0f560d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/games/tutorials/2d_breakout_game_pure_javascript/create_the_canvas_and_draw_on_it/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +--- +title: Create the Canvas and draw on it +slug: >- + Games/Tutorials/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript/Create_the_Canvas_and_draw_on_it +translation_of: >- + Games/Tutorials/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript/Create_the_Canvas_and_draw_on_it +--- +
{{GamesSidebar}}
+ +
{{IncludeSubnav ("/en-US/docs/Oyunlar")}}
+ +

{{PreviousNext("Games/Workflows/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript", "Games/Workflows/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript/Move_the_ball")}}

+ +
+

Bu, Gamedev Canvas eğitiminde 10 üzerinden 1. adımdır . Bu dersi tamamladıktan sonra bakması gereken kaynak kodunu Gamedev-Canvas-workshop/lesson1.html adresinde bulabilirsiniz .

+
+ +

Oyunun işlevselliğini yazmaya başlamadan önce, oyunu içine işlemek için temel bir yapı oluşturmamız gerekiyor. Bu, HTML ve {{htmlelement ("canvas")}} öğesi kullanılarak yapılabilir.

+ +

Oyunun HTML'si

+ +

Oyun tamamen {{htmlelement("canvas")}} öğesinde oluşturulacağı için HTML belge yapısı oldukça basittir. Favori metin düzenleyicinizi kullanarak yeni bir HTML belgesi oluşturun, index.htmlmantıklı bir konuma farklı kaydedin ve aşağıdaki kodu ona ekleyin:

+ +
<! DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset = "utf-8" />
+    <title> Gamedev Canvas Workshop </title>
+    <style>
+    	* {dolgu: 0; kenar boşluğu: 0; }
+    	canvas {arka plan: #eee; Ekran bloğu; kenar boşluğu: 0 otomatik; }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+
+<canvas id = "myCanvas" width = "480" height = "320"> </canvas>
+
+<script>
+	//JavaScript kodu buraya gelir
+</script>
+
+</body>
+</html>
+
+ +

Biz var charsettanımlanmış {{htmlelement( "title")}} ve başlığında bazı temel CSS. Gövde {{htmlelement("canvas")}} ve {{htmlelement("script")}} öğeleri içerir - oyunu ilkinin içinde oluşturacağız ve onu kontrol eden JavaScript kodunu ikinciye yazacağız. {{Htmlelement("canvas")}} öğesinin, referansını kolayca almamızı sağlayan bir iddeğeri vardır myCanvasve 480 piksel genişliğinde ve 320 piksel yüksekliğindedir. Bu eğiticide yazacağımız tüm JavaScript kodu, açılış <script>ve kapanış </script>etiketleri arasında yer alacaktır .

+ +

Tuvalle ilgili temel bilgiler

+ +

{{Htmlelement("canvas")}} öğesinde gerçekten grafik oluşturabilmek için, önce JavaScript'te ona bir referans almalıyız. Aşağıdakini açılış <script>etiketinizin altına ekleyin .

+ +
var canvas = document.getElementById ("myCanvas");
+var ctx = canvas.getContext ("2d");
+ +

Burada, canvasdeğişkene {{htmlelement("canvas")}} öğesine bir referans kaydediyoruz . Ardından ctx, 2B oluşturma bağlamını depolamak için değişkeni oluşturuyoruz - bu, Tuval üzerine boyamak için kullanabileceğimiz gerçek araç.

+ +

Tuvale kırmızı bir kare yazdıran örnek bir kod parçası görelim. Bunu önceki JavaScript satırlarınızın altına ekleyin, ardından index.htmldenemek için bir tarayıcıya yükleyin .

+ +
ctx.beginPath ();
+ctx.rect (20, 40, 50, 50);
+ctx.fillStyle = "# FF0000";
+ctx.fill ();
+ctx.closePath ();
+ +

Tüm talimatlar {{domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.beginPath()", "beginPath ()")}} ve {{domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.closePath()", "closePath()")}} yöntemleri arasındadır. {{Domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.rect ()", "rect()")}} kullanarak bir dikdörtgen tanımlıyoruz: ilk iki değer, tuval üzerindeki dikdörtgenin sol üst köşesinin koordinatlarını belirtirken, ikincisi dikdörtgenin genişliğini ve yüksekliğini belirtin. Bizim durumumuzda dikdörtgen ekranın sol tarafından 20 piksel ve üst tarafından 40 piksel olarak boyanmıştır ve 50 piksel genişliğinde ve 50 piksel yüksekliğindedir, bu da onu mükemmel bir kare yapar. {{Domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.fillStyle", "fillStyle")}} özelliği,

+ +

Dikdörtgenlerle sınırlı değiliz - işte yeşil bir daire yazdırmak için bir kod parçası. Bunu JavaScript'inizin altına eklemeyi, kaydetmeyi ve yenilemeyi deneyin:

+ +
ctx.beginPath ();
+ctx.arc (240, 160, 20, 0, Math.PI * 2, false);
+ctx.fillStyle = "yeşil";
+ctx.fill ();
+ctx.closePath ();
+ +

Gördüğünüz gibi {{domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.beginPath ()", "beginPath()")}} ve {{domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.closePath ()", "closePath()")}} kullanıyoruz yine yöntemler. Bunların arasında, yukarıdaki kodun en önemli kısmı {{domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.arc()", "arc()")}} yöntemidir. Altı parametre alır:

+ + + +

{{Domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.fillStyle", "fillStyle")}} özelliği öncekinden farklı görünüyor. Bunun nedeni, tıpkı CSS'de olduğu gibi, rengin onaltılık bir değer, renk anahtar sözcüğü, rgba()işlev veya diğer mevcut renk yöntemlerinden herhangi biri olarak belirtilebilmesidir.

+ +

{{Domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.fill()", "fill()")}} kullanmak ve şekilleri renklerle doldurmak yerine {{domxref("CanvasRenderingContext2D.stroke()", "strok()")}} kullanabiliriz yalnızca dış konturu renklendirmek için. Bu kodu JavaScript'inize de eklemeyi deneyin:

+ +
ctx.beginPath ();
+ctx.rect (160, 10, 100, 40);
+ctx.strokeStyle = "rgba (0, 0, 255, 0.5)";
+ctx.stroke ();
+ctx.closePath ();
+ +

Yukarıdaki kod, mavi konturlu boş bir dikdörtgen yazdırır. rgba()Fonksiyondaki alfa kanalı sayesinde mavi renk yarı şeffaftır.

+ +

Kodunuzu karşılaştırın

+ +

İşte bir JSFiddle'da canlı olarak çalıştırılan ilk dersin tam kaynak kodu:

+ +

{{JSFiddleEmbed("https://jsfiddle.net/end3r/x62h15e2/", "", "395")}}

+ +
+

Alıştırma : Verilen şekillerin boyutunu ve rengini değiştirmeyi deneyin.

+
+ +

Sonraki adımlar

+ +

Şimdi temel HTML'yi kurduk ve tuval hakkında biraz bilgi edindik, ikinci bölüme geçelim ve oyunumuzda topu nasıl hareket ettireceğimize bakalım .

+ +

{{PreviousNext("Games/Workflows/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript", "Games/Workflows/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript/Move_the_ball")}}

diff --git a/files/tr/games/tutorials/2d_breakout_game_pure_javascript/index.html b/files/tr/games/tutorials/2d_breakout_game_pure_javascript/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3a821095a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/games/tutorials/2d_breakout_game_pure_javascript/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +--- +title: 2D breakout game using pure JavaScript +slug: Games/Tutorials/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript +translation_of: Games/Tutorials/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript +--- +
{{GamesSidebar}}
+ +
{{IncludeSubnav("/en-US/docs/Games")}}
+ +

{{Next("Games/Workflows/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript/Create_the_Canvas_and_draw_on_it")}}

+ +

In this step-by-step tutorial we create a simple MDN Breakout game written entirely in pure JavaScript and rendered on HTML5 {{htmlelement("canvas")}}.

+ +

Every step has editable, live samples available to play with so you can see what the intermediate stages should look like. You will learn the basics of using the {{htmlelement("canvas")}} element to implement fundamental game mechanics like rendering and moving images, collision detection, control mechanisms, and winning and losing states.

+ +

To get the most out of this series of articles you should already have basic to intermediate JavaScript knowledge. After working through this tutorial you should be able to build your own simple Web games.

+ +

Gameplay screen from the game MDN Breakout where you can use your paddle to bounce the ball and destroy the brick field, with keeping the score and lives.

+ +

Lesson details

+ +

All the lessons — and the different versions of the MDN Breakout game we are building together — are available on GitHub:

+ +
    +
  1. Create the Canvas and draw on it
    2. +
  2. Move the ball
    3. +
  3. Bounce off the walls
    4. +
  4. Paddle and keyboard controls
    5. +
  5. Game over
    6. +
  6. Build the brick field
    7. +
  7. Collision detection
    8. +
  8. Track the score and win
    9. +
  9. Mouse controls
    10. +
  10. Finishing up
    11. +
+ +

Starting with pure JavaScript is the best way to get a solid knowledge of web game development. After that, you can pick any framework you like and use it for your projects. Frameworks are just tools built with the JavaScript language; so even if you plan on working with them, it's good to learn about the language itself first to know what exactly is going on under the hood. Frameworks speed up development time and help take care of boring parts of the game, but if something is not working as expected, you can always try to debug that or just write your own solutions in pure JavaScript.

+ +
+

Note: If you are interested in learning about 2D web game development using a game library, consult this series' counterpart, 2D breakout game using Phaser.

+
+ +
+

Note: This series of articles can be used as material for hands-on game development workshops. You can also make use of the Gamedev Canvas Content Kit based on this tutorial if you want to give a talk about game development in general.

+
+ +

Next steps

+ +

Ok, let's get started! Head to the first chapter— Create the Canvas and draw on it.

+ +

{{Next("Games/Workflows/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript/Create_the_Canvas_and_draw_on_it")}} 

diff --git a/files/tr/games/tutorials/index.html b/files/tr/games/tutorials/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..90d1cb0790 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/games/tutorials/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +--- +title: Tutorials +slug: Games/Tutorials +tags: + - Canvas + - Games + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub + - Web + - Workflows +translation_of: Games/Tutorials +--- +
{{GamesSidebar}}
{{IncludeSubnav("/en-US/docs/Games")}}
+ +

This page contains multiple tutorial series that highlight different workflows for effectively creating different types of web games.

+ +
+
2D breakout game using pure JavaScript
+
In this step-by-step tutorial you'll implement a simple breakout clone using pure JavaScript. Along the way you will learn the basics of using the {{htmlelement("canvas")}} element to implement fundamental game mechanics like rendering and moving images, collision detection, control machanisms, and winning and losing states.
+
2D breakout game using Phaser
+
In this step-by-step tutorial you'll implement the same breakout clone as the previous tutorial series, except that this time you'll do it using thePhaser HTML5 game framework. This idea here is to teach some of the fundamentals (and advantages) of working with frameworks, along with fundamental game mechanics.
+
2D maze game with device orientation
+
This tutorial shows how to create a 2D maze game using HTML5, incorporating fundamentals such as collision detection and sprite placement on a {{htmlelement("canvas")}}. This is a mobile game that uses the Device Orientation and Vibration APIs to enhance the gameplay and is built using the Phaser framework.
+
2D platform game with Phaser
+
This tutorial series shows how to create a simple platform game using Phaser, covering fundamentals such as sprites, collisions, physics, collectables, and more.
+
diff --git a/files/tr/gecko/index.html b/files/tr/gecko/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1e8a844300 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/gecko/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +--- +title: Gecko +slug: Gecko +translation_of: Mozilla/Gecko +--- +

Gecko, Mozilla Project tarafından geliştirilen düzenleme motorunun ismidir. Başlangıçtaki ismi NGLayout'tu.

+ +

Gecko'nun fonksiyonu web içeriğini okumak, HTML, CSS, XUL, JavaScript gibi kullanıcı ekranını yorumlamak ya da yazdırmaktır. XUL-tabanlı uygulamalarda, Gecko uygulamanın kullanıcı arayüzünü yorumlamak için de kullanılır.

+ +

Gecko birkaç tarayıcı da dahil olmak üzere bir çok uygulamada kullanılır, örneğin Firefox, SeaMonkey, Camino, vb. (tüm liste için, lütfen Wikipedia'daki Gecko maddesine bakınız.) Gecko'nun aynı sürümünü kullanan ürünler aynı standartları desteklemektedir.

+ + + + + + + + +
+

Belgeleme

+ +
+
Gecko SSS
+
Gecko ile ilgili sıkça sorulan sorular.
+
Gecko DOM referansı
+
DOM'a referans.
+
Gecko event reference
+
Reference to events used within Gecko and Mozilla applications; for web-standard DOM events, see the DOM event reference.
+
Gecko sürümleri ve uygulama sürümleri
+
Gecko ve Gecko kullanan uygulamaların sürümleri.
+
Introduction to Layout in Mozilla
+
Tech Talk on layout.
+
Embedding Mozilla
+
Using Gecko in your own application.
+
Character sets supported by Gecko
+
A list of the character sets supported by Gecko.
+
HTML parser threading
+
Description of multithreading in the HTML parser.
+
{{ interwiki('wikimo', 'Gecko:Home_Page', 'Gecko Home Page on MozillaWiki') }}
+
Home for the active developers. Roadmaps and more up-to-date resources.
+
+ +

View All...

+ 		+

Community

+ +
    +
  • View Mozilla forums... {{ DiscussionList("dev-tech-layout", "mozilla.dev.tech.layout") }}
    • +
+ + + +
+
Web Standards, XUL, Embedding Mozilla, Developing Mozilla
+
+
+ +

 

diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/ajax/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/ajax/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b2b2fd109f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/ajax/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +--- +title: AJAX +slug: Glossary/AJAX +tags: + - AJAX + - Başlangıç + - XMLHttpRequest +translation_of: Glossary/AJAX +--- +

AJAX (Asenkron {{glossary("JavaScript")}} ve {{glossary("XML")}}) {{glossary("HTML")}}, {{glossary("CSS")}}, JavaScript, ve {{glossary("DOM", "DOM'u")}} XMLHttpRequest {{glossary("object", "nesnesi")}} ile kombine ederek daha kompleks web sayfaları oluşturmaya yarayan bir programlama pratiğidir. AJAX sayesinde bir web sayfasının ilgilendiğimiz bölümlerini, bütün sayfayı yenilemek zorunda kalmaksızın, güncelleyebiliriz. AJAX ayrıca asenkron çalışabilmemizi sağlar; güncellemenin gerçekleştiği sırada diğer kodlar çalışmaya devam eder — aksi halde güncelleme bitene kadar kod akışı tıkanırdı (senkron).

+ +

Daha fazla bilgi al

+ +

Genel bilgi

+ + + +

Teknik bilgi

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/callback_function/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/callback_function/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..df61c52402 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/callback_function/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +--- +title: Geri Çağırma Fonksiyonları +slug: Glossary/Callback_function +tags: + - Callback + - Callback function + - Geri Çağırma +translation_of: Glossary/Callback_function +--- +

Bir `Geri Çağırma` fonskiyonu başka bir fonksiyona verilen bir parametre şeklindeki fonksiyondur. Geri çağırma fonksiyonu, ikinci fonksiyonun içinde çağrılır ya da çalıştırılır. 

+ +

Bir örnek:

+ +
function birinci() {
+    setTimeout(function () {
+        alert(1);
+    }, 500);
+}
+
+function ikinci() {
+    alert(2);
+}
+
+birinci();
+ikinci();
+
+// çıktı
+// 2
+// 1
+
+ +

Yukarıda kod örneğinde birinci() fonksiyonu ilk çalışmasına rağmen çıktı olarak daha sonra sonuç vermiştir. Bu javascriptin asenkron özelliğindendir. Bu gibi durumların önüne geçmek için `callback` kullanılmalıdır.

+ +
function birinci(callback) {
+  setTimeout(
+      function () {
+            alert(1);
+            callback()
+      }, 500);
+}
+
+function ikinci() {
+    alert(2);
+}
+
+birinci(ikinci);
+
+// çıktı
+// 1
+// 2
+ +

Yukarıdaki örnekte çıktı olarak önce '1' çalışırken onun bitmesinin ardından parametre olarak verilen 'ikinci()' fonksiyonu çalışmıştır. 

+ +

Bir başka örnek;

+ +

Örneğin büyük bir dosyayı İnternet'ten indirirken, diğer işlemlerin de aksamamasını isteyelim. Bir başka deyişle, indirme işlemi diğer işlemleri durdurmasın ya da engellemesin. İndirme işleminin arka planda sürmesini, işlem bitince de bir fonksiyonu çağırmak istediğimizde, asenkron çalışma modu uygulanmalıdır. Arka planda bir işlem yürürken, diğer talepleri kabul etmeli ve sistemi bloke etmemelidir. 'Geri çağırma' işlemi tanımlayarak dosya okuma işleminin bittiği sinyalini ve ya diğer işlemlere geçiş işlemi sağlayabiliriz.

+ +

Learn more

+ +

General knowledge

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/css/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/css/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..40f4c6ee7d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/css/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +--- +title: CSS +slug: Glossary/CSS +tags: + - CSS + - CodingScripting + - Glossary + - Komut Dosyası + - Sözlük + - Web + - 'l10n:priority' + - oncelik +translation_of: Glossary/CSS +--- +

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a declarative language that controls how webpages look in the {{glossary("browser")}}. The browser applies CSS style declarations to selected elements to display them properly. A style declaration contains the properties and their values, which determine how a webpage looks.

+ +

CSS is one of the three core Web technologies, along with {{Glossary("HTML")}} and {{Glossary("JavaScript")}}. CSS usually styles {{Glossary("Element","HTML elements")}}, but can be also used with other markup languages like {{Glossary("SVG")}} or {{Glossary("XML")}}.

+ +

A CSS rule is a set of {{Glossary("CSS Property","properties")}} associated with a {{Glossary("CSS selector", "selector")}}. Here is an example that makes every HTML paragraph yellow against a black background:

+ +
/* The selector "p" indicates that all paragraphs in the document will be affected by that rule */
+p {
+  /* The "color" property defines the text color, in this case yellow. */
+  color: yellow;
+
+  /* The "background-color" property defines the background color, in this case black. */
+  background-color: black
+}
+ +

"Cascading" refers to the rules that govern how selectors are prioritized to change a page's appearance. This is a very important feature, since a complex website can have thousands of CSS rules.

+ +

Learn more

+ +

General knowledge

+ + + +

Technical reference

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/dom/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/dom/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cef085d4c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/dom/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +--- +title: DOM +slug: Glossary/DOM +tags: + - DOM + - DOM Standartı +translation_of: Glossary/DOM +--- +

Açılımı 'Document Object Model' olan DOM, herhangi bir {{glossary("HTML")}} yada {{glossary("XML")}} dökümanı ile etkileşebilen ve temsil edebilen bir {{glossary("API")}}'dir. DOM {{glossary("internet tarayıcısı","browser")}}'nda yüklenen bir döküman modelidir. Bu model, dökümanı bir düğüm ağacı şeklinde şemalandırır. Her düğüm bu dokümanın belli bir kısmını (Ör. {{Glossary("nesne","element")}}, metin dizeleri, yorumlar vb. ) temsil eder.

+ +

DOM bir internet tarayıcısı üzerinde çalışan programların dökümandaki herhangi bir veriye ulaşmalarına ve etkileşimlerine izin verir. Bu nedenle de {{glossary("Web","Web")}} üzerinde en çok kullanılan {{Glossary("API")}}'lerden bir tanesidir. Kullanılan yazılım ile yeni düğümler yaratılabilir, düğümlerin yerleri , yada verileri değiştirilebilir.

+ +

ilk tarayıcılarda DOM yoktu. Tarayıcıların {{Glossary("JavaScript")}}'i desteklemeye başlamaları ile hayata geldi. DOM'un erken dönemleri bazen 'DOM 0' olarak anılır. Bugün, WHATWG grubu bu standartı (İngilizce: DOM Living Standard) idame ettirmektedir. 'Canlı Standart' (The Living Standard) olarak nitelendirilir. Bunun nedeni ise, bu standartın devamlı yenileniyor ve her geçen gün gelişiyor olması nedeniyledir.

+ +

Daha Fazla Bilgi

+ +

Genel Bilgi

+ + + +

Teknik Bilgi

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/html/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/html/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b1035cfd90 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/html/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +--- +title: HTML +slug: Glossary/HTML +tags: + - HTML + - Temel Bilgiler +translation_of: Glossary/HTML +--- +

HTML (İngilizce: HyperText Markup Language) bir web sayfasının yapısını açıklayan tanımlayıcı bir dildir.

+ +

Kısa Tarihi

+ +

Tim Berners-Lee, 1990 yılında, {{glossary("Web","Dünya Çapında Web")}} vizyonun bir parçası olarak, sonraki sene {{glossary("SGML")}}'den türeterek resmileştireceği {{glossary("hypertext")}} konseptini tanımladı. 1993 yılında {{glossary("IETF")}} resmi olarak HTML teknik tanımını yazmaya başladı ve bir kaç taslak yazıldıktan sonra 1995 yılında da 2.0 sürümü çıkardı. 1994 senesinde ise, Berners-Lee, bugün web dediğimiz bu ağı kurabilmek çabasıyla {{glossary("W3C")}}'yi kurdu. 1996 yılında, W3C HTML çalışmalarını devir aldı ve sonraki sene ise HTML 3.2 önerisini yayınladı. 1999 senesinde HTML 4.0 yayımlandı ve 2000 yılında {{glossary("ISO")}} standartı haline geldi.

+ +

Yine o günlerde, W3C neredeyse  {{glossary("XHTML")}}'in lehine  HTML'den vaz geçiyordu ki, bu durum 2004 senesinde {{glossary("WHATWG")}} isimli bağımsız bir grubun oluşmasına neden oldu. WHATWG sayesinde {{glossary("HTML5")}} çalışmaları devam etti ve iki organizasyon 2008 senesinde ilk taslağı, 2014 senesinde ise bitirilmiş nihai standartı yayınladılar.

+ +

Kavram ve Sözdizimi

+ +

Bir HTML dökümanı {{glossary("elements","elemanlar")}} ile yapılandırılmış düz-metin bir dökümandır. Elemanlar birbirine eş açma ve kapama {{Glossary("tags","etiketler")}}'i tarafından çevrelenmiştirler. Her etiket köşeli parantez ile başlar ve sonlanır (<>). Az sayıda da araları boş ve hiç dize yazılamaz etiketler vardır, örnegin {{htmlelement("img")}}.

+ +

HTML etiketlerini {{Glossary("attributes","nitelikler")}} ile yapılandırabilirsiniz. Nitelikler tarayıcıların verilen elemanın nasıl yorumlanması gerektiğini belirtirler.

+ +

Detail of the structure of an HTML element

+ +

Bir HTML dosyası genellikle  .htm yada .html uzantısı ile kayıt edilir, {{Glossary("web server","Sunucu")}} tarafından sunulur, ve herhangi bir {{Glossary("Web browser","Tarayıcı")}} tarafından da görüntülenebilir.

+ +

Daha Fazla Bilgi

+ +

Genel Bilgi

+ + + +

HTML Öğrenmek

+ + + +

Teknik Referans

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/http/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/http/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4512b476c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/http/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +--- +title: HTTP +slug: Glossary/HTTP +tags: + - HTTP +translation_of: Glossary/HTTP +--- +

Hiper Metin Aktarım Protokolü (HTTP), {{glossary("World Wide Web","Web")}} üzerinde, genellikle bir tarayıcı ile sunucu arasında insanların okuyabilmesi için hipermedya belgeleri aktarımını sağlayan temel ağ {{glossary("protocol")}} 'üdür. HTTP tanımının şu anki sürümüne HTTP/2 denilmektedir.

+ +

Bir {{glossary("URI")}} 'nin parçası olan "http://"ye "schema" denir ve genellikle bir adresin başında bulunur, örneğin "https://developer.mozilla.org"da tarayıcıya bu dokümanı HTTP protokolü kullanarak istemesini bildirmektedir. Buradaki https, HTTP protokolünün güvenli sürümünü {{glossary ("SSL")}} belirtir (aynı zamanda TLS de denir).

+ +

HTTP metinseldir (tüm iletişim düz metin olarak yapılır) ve durumsuzdur (hiçbir iletişim önceki iletişimden haberdar değildir). Bu özellik insanların internetteki belgeleri (web sitelerini) okuyabilmesi için idealdir. Bunun yanında HTTP, sunucudan sunucuya {{glossary ("REST")}} web servisleri için veya web sitelerinin daha dinamik olması için yapılan {{glossary ("AJAX")}} istekleri için de kullanılabilir.

+ +
+

Diğer Kaynaklar

+ + +
diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8e1c81312d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: Glossary +slug: Glossary +tags: + - Beginner + - Glossary + - Index + - Landing + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Glossary +--- +
{{LearnBox({"title":"Learn a new term:"})}}
+ +

Web technologies contain long lists of jargon and abbreviations that are used in documentation and coding. This glossary provides definitions of words and abbreviations you need to know to successfully understand and build for the web.

+ +

Glossary of Terms

+ +

{{GlossaryList({"split": "h3", "css": "multiColumnList"})}}

+ +

Contribute to the glossary

+ +

This glossary is a never ending work in progress. You can help improving it by writing new entries or by making the existing ones better. The easiest way to start is to hit the following link or to pick one of the suggested terms below.

+ +

Add a new entry to the glossary

+ +

{{GlossaryList({"terms":["at-rule", "ALPN", "Attack", "Byte-Order Mark", "client", "Character set", "cryptosystem", "debug", "digital signature", "execution", "flex-direction", "GLSL", "Interface", "Library", "Memory management", "routers", "Self-Executing Anonymous Function", "Stylesheet", "Vector image"], "filter": "notdefined", "css": "multiColumnList"})}}

+ +

If you want to know more on how to contribute to the glossary, check out the glossary documentation status page.

+ +

See also

+ + + + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/javascript/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/javascript/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..870b64cbbe --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/javascript/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: JavaScript +slug: Glossary/JavaScript +tags: + - JavaScript + - Programlama + - Temel Bilgiler +translation_of: Glossary/JavaScript +--- +

JavaScript (JS) çoğunlukla kullanıcı bilgisayarı üzerinde, web sayfalarına dinamik işlev kazandırmak amaçlı kullanılan, ama aynı zamanda Node.js gibi paketler aracılığı ile ağ sunucuları üzerinde de çalışabilen bir programlama dilidir.

+ +

JavaScript dilini Java programlama dili ile karıştırmayın. Hem "Java", hem de "JavaScript" Oracle şirketinin gerek Amerika'da, gerekse diğer ülkelerde kayıtlı ticari markalarıdır. Fakat, bu iki programlama dilinin birbirinden farklı yazılım kuralları, anlamsal karşılıkları,  ve kullanım amaçları vardır.

+ +

Brendan Eich tarafından (o zamanlar Netscape şirketinin bir çalışanıyken) sunucu bilgisayarları üzerinde çalışmak üzere tasarlanmış olan JavaScript, kısa bir süre sonra, Eylül 1995'de, Netscape Navigator internet tarayıcısının 2.0 sürümünde yerini aldı. Yayınlandıktan hemen sonra büyük bir ilgi gördü ve {{glossary("Microsoft Internet Explorer", "Internet Explorer 3.0")}} JavaScript desteğini Ağustos 1996 yılında JScript adı altında tanıttı.

+ +

1996 senesinin Kasım ayında, Netscape şirketi JavaScript'i sektör içinde bir standart haline getirmek için ECMA International isimli bilişim ve iletişim standartları organizasyonu ile çalışmaya başladı. O zamandan günümüze, ECMA-262 teknik şartnamesi altında tanımlanıp, ECMAScript adı altında bir standart haline gelmiştir. Haziran 2017 tarihi itibariylede en yenisi olan 8'nci sürümü kullanıma sunulmuştur.

+ +

JavaScript çoğunlukla internet tarayıcıları üzerinde kullanılır ve yazılımcılara internet sayfalarının yapılarını {{Glossary("DOM")}} aracılığı ile, sayfa içeriklerini {{Glossary("AJAX")}} ve {{Glossary("IndexedDB")}} kullanarak değiştirebilme, {{Glossary("canvas")}} kullanarak sayfa üzerinde grafik çizebilme, kullanıcı cihazları ile çeşitli {{Glossary("API","APIs")}}'ler kullanarak iletişim kurabilmek gibi daha nice imkanlar sunar. İnternet tarayacılarının son zamanlarda {{Glossary("API","APIs")}} uygulamalarında gerçekleştirdikleri gelişim ve performansa borçlu kalarak; JavaScript dünyanın en çok kullanılan dillerinden bir tanesidir.

+ +

Bugün JavaScript, çok popüler olan ve internet tarayıcıları dışında, bir çok sistemde çalışabilen Node.js platformu ile sunucu bilgisayarlarına geri dönmüştür. Node.js size JavaScript dili ile yazdığınız programları hem bilgisayar üzerinde çalıştırma imkanı sunar, hemde {{Glossary("HTTP")}} ve {{Glossary("Web Sockets")}} teknolojilerini kullanarak tam sürüm sunucular geliştirmenizi sağlar.

+ +

Learn more

+ +

Genel Bilgi

+ + + +

JavaScript'i Öğrenmek

+ + + +

Teknik Referans

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/mixin/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/mixin/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..721dee4332 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/mixin/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: Mixin +slug: Glossary/Mixin +translation_of: Glossary/Mixin +--- +

Bir karışım, yöntemlerinin ve / veya özelliklerinin bir kısmının veya tümünün uygulanmadığı ve başka bir sınıfın veya arayüzün eksik uygulamaları sağlamasını gerektiren bir sınıf veya arayüzdür. Yeni sınıf veya arayüz daha sonra hem mixin'den hem de kendi kendini tanımladığı özellikleri ve yöntemleri içerir. Mixin veya mixini uygulayan arayüz veya sınıfta uygulanıp uygulanmadığına bakılmaksızın, tüm yöntemler ve özellikler tamamen aynı şekilde kullanılır.

+ +

Karışımların avantajı, birden fazla arayüzün aynı yöntemleri ve özellikleri içermesi gereken API'lerin tasarımını basitleştirmek için kullanılabilmeleridir.

+ +

Örneğin, WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope karışımı, hem Window hem de WorkerGlobalScope arayüzlerinde bulunması gereken yöntemleri ve özellikleri sağlamak için kullanılır. Karışım, bu arabirimlerin her ikisi tarafından uygulanır.

diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/mutable/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/mutable/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f156962648 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/mutable/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +--- +title: Mutable +slug: Glossary/Mutable +translation_of: Glossary/Mutable +--- +

Mutable değiştirilebilen bir değişken türüdür. {{glossary("JavaScript")}}'te, sadece {{Glossary("Object","objects")}} ve {{Glossary("Array","arrays")}} 'ler mutable'dır,  {{Glossary("primitive", "primitive values")}} mutable değildir.

+ +

(Bir değiken ad noktasına yeni bir değere dönüştürebilirsiniz, ancak önceki değer hala bellekte tutulur. Bu nedenle garbage collection ihtiyaç vardır.)

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Bir mutable object oluşturulduktan sonra durumu değiştirebilen nesnelerdir.

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Immutables ise oluşturulduktan sonra durumu değiştirilemeyen nesnelerdir.

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Strings ve Numbers 'lar değiştirilemeyen, immutables'lardır. Bunu bir örnekle anlayalım:

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var immutableString = "Hello";
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+// Yukarıdaki kodda, string değer alan yeni bir nesne oluşturduk.
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+immutableString = immutableString + "World";
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+// Şimdi, mevcut değere "World" ekliyoruz.
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"immutableString" e bir string değer eklenmesiyle, aşağıdaki olaylar gerçekleşir:

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  1. "immutableString" mevcut değeri alınır
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  2. "World", "immutableString" mevcut değerine eklenir.
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  3. Ortaya çıkan değer daha sonra yeni bir bellek bloğuna tahsis edilir.
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  4. "immutableString" nesnesi şimdi yeni oluşturulmuş bellek alanına işaret ediyor
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  5. Önceden oluşturulan bellek alanı artık çöp toplama için kullanılabilir.
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Daha fazla bilgi edin

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Genel Bilgi

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/mvc/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/mvc/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..230a66f88f --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/mvc/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +--- +title: MVC +slug: Glossary/MVC +tags: + - .NetCore MVC + - MVC + - MVC Giriş + - MVC Kullanımı + - Model View Controller Nedir +translation_of: Glossary/MVC +--- +

MVC (Model-View-Controller) software design'de kullanıcı arayüzlerini, verileri ve kontrol mantığını uygulamak için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir modeldir. Yazılımın iş mantığı ve ekranı arasındaki ayrımı vurgular. Bu ayrım "separation of concerns", daha iyi bir işbölümü ve daha iyi bakım sağlar.MVVM (Model-View-Viewmodel), MVP (Model-View-Presenter) ve MVW (Model-View-Whatever) gibi diğer tasarım desenleri MVC'ye dayanmaktadır.

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MVC yazılım tasarım deseninin üç bölümü aşağıdaki gibi tanımlanabilir:

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  1. Model: Veri ve iş mantığını yönetir.
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  2. View: Düzeni ve ekranı işler.
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  3. Controller: Komutları modele yönlendirir ve parçaları görüntüler.
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Model View Controller örnek

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Basit bir alışveriş listesi uygulaması düşünün. Tek istediğimiz, bu hafta satın almamız gereken her eşyanın adının, miktarının ve fiyatının bir listesi. Aşağıda, bu işlevlerin bir kısmını MVC kullanarak nasıl uygulayabileceğimizi açıklayacağız.

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Diagram to show the different parts of the mvc architecture.

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Model

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Model, uygulamanın hangi verileri içermesi gerektiğini tanımlar. Bu verilerin durumu değişirse, model; genellikle görünümü (böylece ekran gerektiği gibi değişebilir) ve bazen denetleyiciyi (güncellenmiş View ı kontrol etmek için farklı mantık gerekiyorsa) bildirir.

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Alışveriş listesi uygulamamıza geri dönersek, Model liste öğelerinin hangi verileri içermesi gerektiğini -eşya, fiyat, vb. -  ve listedeki hangi eşyaların zaten mevcut olduğunu belirleyecektir.

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View

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View, uygulama verilerinin nasıl görüntüleneceğini belirler.

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Alışveriş listesi uygulamamızda, görünüm, listenin kullanıcıya nasıl sunulduğunu belirleyecek ve Model den görüntülenecek verileri alacaktır.

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Controller

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Controller, uygulama kullanıcılarından gelen girdilere yanıt olarak modeli ve/veya görünümü güncelleyen mantık içerir.

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Örneğin, alışveriş listemizde ürün eklememize veya silmemize izin veren giriş formları ve butonları olabilir. Bu eylemler Model in güncellenmesini gerektirir, bu nedenle girdi Controller a gönderilir. Bu da Model i uygun şekilde yönetir ve daha sonra güncellenmiş verileri View a gönderir.

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Bununla birlikte, verileri farklı bir biçimde görüntülemek için View ı güncellemek isteyebilirsiniz, örneğin, eşya sırasını alfabetik olarak veya en düşük fiyattan en yüksek fiyata sıralayacak şekilde değiştirmek.Bu durumda Controller, Model i güncellemeye gerek kalmadan bunu doğrudan halledebilir.

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Web'de MVC 

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Bir web geliştiricisi olarak, daha önce hiç bilinçli olarak kullanmasanız bile, bu model muhtemelen oldukça tanıdık olacaktır. Veri modeliniz muhtemelen bir çeşit veritabanında bulunur (MySQL gibi geleneksel bir sunucu tarafı veritabanı veya IndexedDB [en-US] gibi bir istemci tarafı çözümü olsun.) Uygulamanızın kontrol kodu muhtemelen HTML / JavaScript ile yazılmıştır ve kullanıcı arayüzünüz muhtemelen HTML/CSS/istediğinizherhangibirşey kullanılarak yazılmıştır. Bu MVC'ye çok benziyor, ancak MVC bu bileşenlerin daha katı bir desen izlemesini sağlıyor.

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Web'in ilk günlerinde, MVC mimarisi çoğunlukla formlar veya bağlantılar aracılığıyla  güncellemeler isteyen istemci ile  güncellenmiş görünümleri geri almak ve tarayıcıda görüntülemek için server-side(sunucu tarafı) da uygulanırdı.Ancak bu günlerde, client-side(istemci tarafı) veri depolarının ortaya çıkmasıyla daha fazla mantık istemciye itilir ve XMLHttpRequest  gerektiğinde kısmi sayfa güncellemelerine izin verir.

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AngularJS ve Ember.js gibi Web çerçeveleri, biraz farklı şekillerde de olsa, bir MVC mimarisini uygular.

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Daha fazla bilgi edinin

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Genel bilgi

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/nesne/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/nesne/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..64912aa7e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/nesne/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +--- +title: Nesne +slug: Glossary/Nesne +tags: + - nesne +translation_of: Glossary/Object +--- +

Nesne, veri ve bu veriyle çalışmak için gerekli bilgileri içeren bir yapıya karşılık gelir. Nesneler bazen gerçek dünyadaki şeyler, örneğin yarış oyunundaki bir araba veya harita bile olabilir. {{glossary("JavaScript")}}, Java, C++, Python, ve Ruby {{glossary("NYP","nesne yönelimli programlama")}} dillerine örnektir.

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Daha fazla bilgi edin

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Genel Bilgi

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/nyp/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/nyp/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..771a8e739d --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/nyp/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +--- +title: NYP +slug: Glossary/NYP +translation_of: Glossary/OOP +--- +

NYP (Nesne Yönelimli Programlama) verilerin nesneler içine kapsüllendiği ve içinde bulunan bileşenlerin nesneyi yönettiği programlama yaklaşımıdır.

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{{glossary("JavaScript")}} ağırlıklı olarak nesne yönelimlidir. Prototip temelli modeli örnek alır (sınıf temelli değildir).

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Daha fazla bilgi edin

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Genel Bilgi

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/protokol/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/protokol/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6f9f45ff33 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/protokol/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +--- +title: Protokol +slug: Glossary/Protokol +tags: + - Altyapı + - Protokol nedir + - Protokoller + - Sözlük +translation_of: Glossary/Protocol +--- +

Protokol, verilerin bilgisayar içinde veya bilgisayarlar arasında nasıl alınıp verildiğini tanımlayan kurallar bütünüdür.

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Daha fazla bilgi edinin

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Genel Bilgi

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diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/ruby/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/ruby/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a261a1d8ea --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/ruby/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +--- +title: Ruby +slug: Glossary/Ruby +translation_of: Glossary/Ruby +--- +

Ruby açık kaynak bir programlama dilidir. {{glossary("world wide web","Web")}} ortamında Ruby,  genellikle sunucu tarafında Ruby on Rails web çatısı ile web siteleri ve uygulamaları üretmek için kullanılır.

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Daha Fazla Öğren

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Genel bilgiler

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Teknik referanslar

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/statement/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/statement/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0067e42681 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/statement/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +--- +title: Statement +slug: Glossary/Statement +translation_of: Glossary/Statement +--- +

Var deyimi, isteğe bağlı olarak onu bir değerle başlatarak işlev kapsamlı veya genel kapsamlı bir değişken bildirir.

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Learn more

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General knowledge

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Technical reference

+ + + + diff --git a/files/tr/glossary/vendor_prefix/index.html b/files/tr/glossary/vendor_prefix/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..175e02806c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/glossary/vendor_prefix/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +--- +title: Vendor Prefix +slug: Glossary/Vendor_Prefix +tags: + - CodingScripting + - Glossary + - Sözlük +translation_of: Glossary/Vendor_Prefix +--- +

Tarayıcı satıcıları bazen deneysel veya standart dışı CSS özelliklerine ve JavaScript API'lerine önek ekler, bu nedenle geliştiriciler, denemelerine —teoride— güvenmelerini önlerken ve daha sonrasında web geliştiricilerin standardizasyon sürecinde kodunu bozarken yeni fikirler deneyebilirler. Geliştiriciler, tarayıcı davranışı standart hale getirilinceye kadar unprefixed özelliğini eklemeyi beklemelidir.

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Tarayıcı satıcıları, deneysel özellikler için satıcı öneklerini kullanmayı bırakmaya çalışıyor. Web geliştiricileri bunları deneysel yapılışlarına rağmen üretim Web sitelerinde kullanıyor. Bu, tarayıcı üreticilerinin uyumluluk sağlamasını ve yeni özellikler üzerinde çalışmasını zorlaştırdı; popüler web sitelerini yüklemek için başka tarayıcıların öneklerini eklemek zorunda kalan küçük tarayıcılar için de zararlıdır.

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Son zamanlarda, trend, kullanıcı tarafından kontrol edilen bayrakların veya tercihlerin arkasına deneysel özellikler eklemek ve çok daha hızlı bir şekilde kararlı bir duruma ulaşabilecek küçük özellikler oluşturmaktır.

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CSS önekler

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Büyük tarayıcılar aşağıdaki önekleri kullanır:

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API önekler

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Tarihsel olarak, satıcılar da deneysel API'ler için ön ekler kullandılar. Eğer bir arayüzün tamamı deneysel ise, o zaman arayüzün adı ön eklenir (ancak içindeki özellikler veya yöntemler değil). Standart bir arayüze deneysel bir özellik veya yöntem eklenirse, o zaman bireysel yöntem veya özellik eklenir.

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Arayüz önekleri

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Arayüz isimleri için önekler büyük harflidir:

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Özellik ve yöntem önekleri

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Özellikler ve yöntemler için önekler küçük harflidir:

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Daha fazla bilgi edin

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Genel Bilgi

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{{QuickLinksWithSubpages("/en-US/docs/Glossary")}}
diff --git "a/files/tr/glossary/web_taray\304\261c\304\261s\304\261/index.html" "b/files/tr/glossary/web_taray\304\261c\304\261s\304\261/index.html" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4eeb5b7d7a --- /dev/null +++ "b/files/tr/glossary/web_taray\304\261c\304\261s\304\261/index.html" @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +--- +title: Web Tarayıcısı +slug: Glossary/Web_Tarayıcısı +translation_of: Glossary/Browser +--- +

Web tarayıcısı, Kullanıcıların {{Glossary("World Wide Web","Web")}} sunucuları üzerinde bulunan sayfaları görüntülemesi ve sayfadaki {{Glossary("hyperlink","linkler")}} üzerinden başka sayfalara ulaşmasını sağlayan bir programdır.

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Daha fazla bilgi edin

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Genel Bilgi

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Bir tarayıcı indir

+ + diff --git a/files/tr/html/element/aside/index.html b/files/tr/html/element/aside/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..234d56a434 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/tr/html/element/aside/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ +--- +title: