---
title: Pseudo-elements
slug: Web/CSS/Pseudo-elements
translation_of: Web/CSS/Pseudo-elements
---
<div>{{CSSRef}}</div>

<p dir="rtl">یک CSS <strong>pseudo-element</strong> کلمه کلیدی است که به انتخابگر اضافه می‌شود و اجازه می‌دهد قسمت خاصی از عنصر انتخاب شده را آرایش کنید. برای مثال، {{ Cssxref("first-line::") }} می‌تواند برای تغییر نوشتار و رنگ خط اول یک پاراگراف مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.</p>

<pre class="brush: css no-line-numbers">/* The first line of every &lt;p&gt; element. */
p::first-line {
  color: blue;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}</pre>

<div class="note">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> In contrast to pseudo-elements, {{cssxref("pseudo-classes")}} can be used to style an element based on its <em>state</em>.</p>
</div>

<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2>

<pre class="syntaxbox">selector::pseudo-element {
  property: value;
}</pre>

<p>You can use only one pseudo-element in a selector. It must appear after the simple selectors in the statement.</p>

<div class="note">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> As a rule, double colons (<code>::</code>) should be used instead of a single colon (<code>:</code>). This distinguishes pseudo-classes from pseudo-elements. However, since this distinction was not present in older versions of the W3C spec, most browsers support both syntaxes for the original pseudo-elements.</p>
</div>

<h2 id="Index_of_standard_pseudo-elements">Index of standard pseudo-elements</h2>

<div class="index">
<ul>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::after") }}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::before") }}</li>
 <li>{{ cssxref("::cue")}}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::first-letter") }}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::first-line") }}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::selection") }}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::slotted") }}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::backdrop") }} {{experimental_inline}}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::placeholder") }} {{experimental_inline}}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::marker") }} {{experimental_inline}}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::spelling-error") }} {{experimental_inline}}</li>
 <li>{{ Cssxref("::grammar-error") }} {{experimental_inline}}</li>
</ul>
</div>

<table class="standard-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Browser</th>
   <th>Lowest Version</th>
   <th>Support of</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td rowspan="2">Internet Explorer</td>
   <td>8.0</td>
   <td><code>:pseudo-element</code></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>9.0</td>
   <td><code>:pseudo-element ::pseudo-element</code></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td rowspan="2">Firefox (Gecko)</td>
   <td>1.0 (1.0)</td>
   <td><code>:pseudo-element</code></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>1.0 (1.5)</td>
   <td><code>:pseudo-element ::pseudo-element</code></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td rowspan="2">Opera</td>
   <td>4.0</td>
   <td><code>:pseudo-element</code></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>7.0</td>
   <td><code>:pseudo-element ::pseudo-element</code></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Safari (WebKit)</td>
   <td>1.0 (85)</td>
   <td><code>:pseudo-element ::pseudo-element</code></td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>

<ul>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Pseudo-classes">pseudo-classes</a></li>
</ul>