--- title: KeyboardEvent.key slug: Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key tags: - API - DOM - KeyboardEvent - Property - Read-only - Reference - UI Events - プロパティ translation_of: Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key ---

{{domxref("KeyboardEvent")}} インターフェイスの key はプロパティは読み取り専用で、ユーザーが押したキーの値を、 Shift キーなどの修飾キーやキーボードのロケールやレイアウトを考慮した値で返します。値は以下のように判断されます。

キーの値

キーの値の完全なリストを参照してください。

押されたキーが印刷表現を持っている場合は、返された値は空ではない Unicode 文字の文字列で、キーの印刷表現が入ります。
押されたキーが制御または特殊文字である場合は、返値は定義済みキー値の内の一つになります。
KeyboardEvent がデッドキーが押されたことを表すのであれば、キーの値は "Dead" になります。
キーボードの一部の特殊なキー (マルチメディアキーボードにおけるメディア制御のための拡張キーなど) は Windows のキーコードを生成しません。代わりに WM_APPCOMMAND イベントを起動します。これらのイベントは DOM キーボードイベントに対応付けられ、 Windows の「仮想キーコード」の中で、実際のキーコードではないものの紹介されます。
キーが特定できなかった場合は、 Unidentified の値を返します。

KeyboardEvent シーケンス

それぞれの KeyboardEvent はあらかじめ定められたシーケンスで発生します。キーが押された場合、発生する一連の KeyboardEvent は {{domxref("Event.preventDefault")}} が呼び出されないと想定すれば次のようになります。

最初に {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} イベントが発生します。キーがそれ以上押され続けてそのキーが文字を入力する場合は、イベントはプラットフォームの実装に依存した間隔で発生し続け、読み取り専用の {{domxref("KeyboardEvent.repeat")}} プロパティが true に設定されます。
もしキー入力が{{HTMLElement("input")}}、{{HTMLElement("textarea")}}もしくは{{domxref("HTMLElement.contentEditable")}}が true の要素に文字を挿入する場合は、 {{domxref("HTMLElement/beforeinput_event", "beforeinput")}}と{{domxref("HTMLElement/input_event", "input")}}イベント型がその順番で発火されます。他の実装が{{domxref("Element/keypress_event", "keypress")}}イベントを実装していれば発火する可能性があることに注意してください。イベントはキーが押されている間連続で発火します。
キーを離した際に{{domxref("Element/keyup_event", "keyup")}}イベントが発火します。これで一連の処理は終わりです。

1と3の処理で、 KeyboardEvent.key 属性が定義され、先ほど定義したルールにのっとって値が設定されます。

KeyboardEvent シーケンスの例

Consider the event sequence generated when we interact with the Shift and the 2 key using a U.S keyboard layout as compared to when we do so using a UK keyboard layout.

Try experimenting using the following two test cases:

Press and hold the Shift key, then press 2 and release it. Next, release the Shift key.
Press and hold the Shift key, then press and hold 2. Release the Shift key. Finally, release 2.

HTML

<div class="fx">
  <div>
    <textarea rows="5" name="test-target" id="test-target"></textarea>
    <button type="button" name="btn-clear-console" id="btn-clear-console">clear console</button>
  </div>
  <div class="flex">
    <pre id="console-log"></pre>
  </div>
</div>

CSS

.fx {
  -webkit-display: flex;
  display: flex;
  margin-left: -20px;
  margin-right: -20px;
}

.fx > div {
  padding-left: 20px;
  padding-right: 20px;
}

.fx > div:first-child {
   width: 30%;
}

.flex {
  -webkit-flex: 1;
  flex: 1;
}

#test-target {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

JavaScript

let textarea = document.getElementById('test-target'),
consoleLog = document.getElementById('console-log'),
btnClearConsole = document.getElementById('btn-clear-console');

function logMessage(message) {
  document.getElementById("console-log").innerHTML += message + "<br>";
}

textarea.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
  if (!e.repeat)
    logMessage(`Key "${e.key}" pressed  [event: keydown]`);
  else
    logMessage(`Key "${e.key}" repeating  [event: keydown]`);
});

textarea.addEventListener('beforeinput', (e) => {
  logMessage(`Key "${e.data}" about to be input  [event: beforeinput]`);
});

textarea.addEventListener('input', (e) => {
  logMessage(`Key "${e.data}" input  [event: input]`);
});

textarea.addEventListener('keyup', (e) => {
  logMessage(`Key "${e.key}" released  [event: keyup]`);
});

btnClearConsole.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
  let child = consoleLog.firstChild;
  while (child) {
   consoleLog.removeChild(child);
   child = consoleLog.firstChild;
  }
});

結果

注: On browsers that don't fully implement the {{domxref("InputEvent")}} interface which is used for the {{domxref("HTMLElement/beforeinput_event", "beforeinput")}} and {{domxref("HTMLElement/input_event", "input")}} events, you may get incorrect output on those lines of the log output.

Case 1

When the shift key is pressed, a {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} event is first fired, and the key property value is set to the string Shift. As we keep holding this key, the {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} event does not continue to fire repeatedly because it does not produce a character key.

When key 2 is pressed, another {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} event is fired for this new key press, and the key property value for the event is set to the string @ for the U.S keyboard type and " for the UK keyboard type, because of the active modifier shift key. The {{domxref("HTMLElement/beforeinput_event", "beforeinput")}} and {{domxref("HTMLElement/input_event", "input")}} events are fired next because a character key has been produced.

As we release the key 2, a {{domxref("Element/keyup_event", "keyup")}} event is fired and the key property will maintain the string values @ and " for the different keyboard layouts respectively.

As we finally release the shift key, another {{domxref("Element/keyup_event", "keyup")}} event is fired for it, and the key attribute value remains Shift.

Case 2

When the shift key is pressed, a {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} event is first fired, and the key property value is set to be the string Shift. As we keep holding this key, the keydown event does not continue to fire repeatedly because it produced no character key.

When key 2 is pressed, another {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} event is fired for this new key press, and the key property value for the event is set to be the string @ for the U.S keyboard type and " for the UK keyboard type, because of the active modifier shift key. The {{domxref("HTMLElement/beforeinput_event", "beforeinput")}} and {{domxref("HTMLElement/input_event", "input")}}{{domxref("HTMLElement/beforeinput_event", "beforeinput")}} and {{domxref("HTMLElement/input_event", "input")}} events are fired next because a character key has been produced. As we keep holding the key, the {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} event continues to fire repeatedly and the {{domxref("KeyboardEvent.repeat")}} property is set to true. The {{domxref("HTMLElement/beforeinput_event", "beforeinput")}} and {{domxref("HTMLElement/input_event", "input")}} events are fired repeatedly as well.

As we release the shift key, a {{domxref("Element/keyup_event", "keyup")}} event is fired for it, and the key attribute value remains Shift. At this point, notice that the key property value for the repeating keydown event of the key 2 key press is now "2" because the modifier shift key is no longer active. The same goes for the {{domxref("InputEvent.data")}} property of the {{domxref("HTMLElement/beforeinput_event", "beforeinput")}} and {{domxref("HTMLElement/input_event", "input")}} events.

As we finally release the key 2, a {{domxref("Element/keyup_event", "keyup")}} event is fired but the key property will be set to the string value 2 for both keyboard layouts because the modifier shift key is no longer active.

例

This example uses {{domxref("EventTarget.addEventListener()")}} to listen for {{domxref("Element/keydown_event", "keydown")}} events. When they occur, the key's value is checked to see if it's one of the keys the code is interested in, and if it is, it gets processed in some way (possibly by steering a spacecraft, perhaps by changing the selected cell in a spreadsheet).

window.addEventListener("keydown", function (event) {
  if (event.defaultPrevented) {
    return; // Do nothing if the event was already processed
  }

  switch (event.key) {
    case "Down": // IE/Edge specific value
    case "ArrowDown":
      // Do something for "down arrow" key press.
      break;
    case "Up": // IE/Edge specific value
    case "ArrowUp":
      // Do something for "up arrow" key press.
      break;
    case "Left": // IE/Edge specific value
    case "ArrowLeft":
      // Do something for "left arrow" key press.
      break;
    case "Right": // IE/Edge specific value
    case "ArrowRight":
      // Do something for "right arrow" key press.
      break;
    case "Enter":
      // Do something for "enter" or "return" key press.
      break;
    case "Esc": // IE/Edge specific value
    case "Escape":
      // Do something for "esc" key press.
      break;
    default:
      return; // Quit when this doesn't handle the key event.
  }

  // Cancel the default action to avoid it being handled twice
  event.preventDefault();
}, true);

仕様書

仕様書	状態	備考
{{SpecName('UI Events', '#dom-keyboardevent-key', 'KeyboardEvent.key')}}	{{Spec2('UI Events')}}
{{SpecName('DOM3 Events', '#widl-KeyboardEvent-key', 'KeyboardEvent.key')}}	{{Spec2('DOM3 Events')}}	初回定義で、キーの値を含みます。