---
title: Operatory
slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators
tags:
  - JavaScript
  - Operators
translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators
original_slug: Web/JavaScript/Referencje/Operatory
---
<div>{{jsSidebar("Operators")}}</div>

<p>This chapter documents all the JavaScript language operators, expressions and keywords.</p>

<h2 id="Wyrażenia_i_operatory_w_podziale_na_kategorie">Wyrażenia i operatory w podziale na  kategorie</h2>

<h2 id="sect1"> </h2>

<h2 id="Lista_operatorów_w_kolejności_alfabetycznej_znajduje_sie_w_pasku_bocznym_po_lewej_stronie."><span style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal;">Lista operatorów w kolejności alfabetycznej znajduje sie w pasku bocznym po lewej stronie.</span></h2>

<h3 id="Wyrażenia_podstawowe">Wyrażenia podstawowe</h3>

<p>Podstawowe słowa kluczowe i wyrażenia w  JavaScript.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operator/this", "this")}}</dt>
 <dd>Słowo <code>this</code> odnosi się do kontekstu wywołania.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operator/function", "function")}}</dt>
 <dd>Słowo <code>function</code> umożliwia zdefniowanie wyrażenia funkcji .</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/class", "class")}}</dt>
 <dd>Słowo <code>class</code> definiuje wyrażenie klasy.</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/function*", "function*")}}</dt>
 <dd>The <code>function*</code> keyword defines a generator function expression.</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/yield", "yield")}}</dt>
 <dd>Pause and resume a generator function</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/yield*", "yield*")}}</dt>
 <dd>Delegate to another generator function or iterable object.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Global_Objecty/Array", "[]")}}</dt>
 <dd>Array initializer/literal syntax.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Object_initializer", "{}")}}</dt>
 <dd>Object initializer/literal syntax.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("RegExp", "/ab+c/i")}}</dt>
 <dd>Regular expression literal syntax.</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/Array_comprehensions", "[for (x of y) x]")}}</dt>
 <dd>Array comprehensions.</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/Generator_comprehensions", "(for (x of y) y)")}}</dt>
 <dd>Generator comprehensions.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Grouping", "( )")}}</dt>
 <dd>Grouping operator.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Left-hand-side_expressions">Left-hand-side expressions</h3>

<p>Left values are the destination of an assignment.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Property_accessors", "Property accessors", "", 1)}}</dt>
 <dd>Member operators provide access to a property or method of an object<br>
 (<code>object.property</code> and <code>object["property"]</code>).</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/new", "new")}}</dt>
 <dd>The <code>new</code> operator creates an instance of a constructor.</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/super", "super")}}</dt>
 <dd>The <code>super</code> keyword calls the parent constructor.</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/Spread_operator", "...obj")}}</dt>
 <dd>The spread operator allows an expression to be expanded in places where multiple arguments (for function calls) or multiple elements (for array literals) are expected.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Increment_and_decrement">Increment and decrement</h3>

<p>Postfix/prefix increment and postfix/prefix decrement operators.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "A++", "#Inkrementacja")}}</dt>
 <dd>Postfix increment operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "A--", "#Dekrementacja")}}</dt>
 <dd>Postfix decrement operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "++A", "#Inkrementacja")}}</dt>
 <dd>Prefix increment operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "--A", "#Dekrementacja")}}</dt>
 <dd>Prefix decrement operator.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Unary_operators">Unary operators</h3>

<p>A unary operation is operation with only one operand.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatoryy/delete", "delete")}}</dt>
 <dd>The <code>delete</code> operator deletes a property from an object.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/void", "void")}}</dt>
 <dd>The <code>void</code> operator discards an expression's return value.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/typeof", "typeof")}}</dt>
 <dd>The <code>typeof</code> operator determines the type of a given object.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "+", "#Unary_plus")}}</dt>
 <dd>The unary plus operator converts its operand to Number type.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "-", "#Unary_negation")}}</dt>
 <dd>The unary negation operator converts its operand to Number type and then negates it.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Bitwise_Operators", "~", "#Bitwise_NOT")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise NOT operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Logical_Operators", "!", "#Logical_NOT")}}</dt>
 <dd>Logical NOT operator.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Operatory_arytmetyczne">Operatory arytmetyczne</h3>

<h3 id="Arithmetic_operators_take_numerical_values_(either_literals_or_variables)_as_their_operands_and_return_a_single_numerical_value."><span style="font-size: 14px;">Arithmetic operators take numerical values (either literals or variables) as their operands and return a single numerical value.</span></h3>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "+", "#Addition")}}</dt>
 <dd>Addition operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "-", "#Subtraction")}}</dt>
 <dd>Subtraction operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "/", "#Division")}}</dt>
 <dd>Division operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "*", "#Multiplication")}}</dt>
 <dd>Multiplication operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Operatory_arytmetyczne", "%", "#Remainder")}}</dt>
 <dd>Remainder operator.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Operatory_porównania">Operatory porównania</h3>

<p>Operator porównania, jak nazwa wskazuje, porównuje operandy  i zwraca wartość logiczną zależną od tego, czy wartość porównania jest prawdziwa. </p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/in", "in")}}</dt>
 <dd>Operator <code>in</code> ustala, czy obiekt posiada daną właściwość.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/instanceof", "instanceof")}}</dt>
 <dd>Operator <code>instanceof</code> ustala czy obiekt jest instancją innego obiektu.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "&lt;", "#Less_than_operator")}}</dt>
 <dd>Less than operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "&gt;", "#Greater_than_operator")}}</dt>
 <dd>Greater than operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "&lt;=", "#Less_than_or_equal_operator")}}</dt>
 <dd>Less than or equal operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "&gt;=", "#Greater_than_or_equal_operator")}}</dt>
 <dd>Greater than or equal operator.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Equality_operators">Equality operators</h3>

<p>The result of evaluating an equality operator is always of type <code>Boolean</code> based on whether the comparison is true.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "==", "#Equality")}}</dt>
 <dd>Equality operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "!=", "#Inequality")}}</dt>
 <dd>Inequality operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "===", "#Identity")}}</dt>
 <dd>Identity operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comparison_Operators", "!==", "#Nonidentity")}}</dt>
 <dd>Nonidentity operator.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Bitwise_shift_operators">Bitwise shift operators</h3>

<p>Operations to shift all bits of the operand.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Bitwise_Operators", "&lt;&lt;", "#Left_shift")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise left shift operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Bitwise_Operators", "&gt;&gt;", "#Right_shift")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise right shift operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Bitwise_Operators", "&gt;&gt;&gt;", "#Unsigned_right_shift")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise unsigned right shift operator.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Binary_bitwise_operators">Binary bitwise operators</h3>

<p>Bitwise operators treat their operands as a set of 32 bits (zeros and ones) and return standard JavaScript numerical values.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Bitwise_Operators", "&amp;", "#Bitwise_AND")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise AND.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Bitwise_Operators", "|", "#Bitwise_OR")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise OR.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Bitwise_Operators", "^", "#Bitwise_XOR")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise XOR.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Binary_logical_operators">Binary logical operators</h3>

<p>Logical operators are typically used with boolean (logical) values, and when they are, they return a boolean value.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Logical_Operators", "&amp;&amp;", "#Logical_AND")}}</dt>
 <dd>Logical AND.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Logical_Operators", "||", "#Logical_OR")}}</dt>
 <dd>Logical OR.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Conditional_(ternary)_operator">Conditional (ternary) operator</h3>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Conditional_Operator", "(condition ? ifTrue : ifFalse)")}}</dt>
 <dd>
 <p>The conditional operator returns one of two values based on the logical value of the condition.</p>
 </dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Assignment_operators">Assignment operators</h3>

<p>An assignment operator assigns a value to its left operand based on the value of its right operand.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "=", "#Assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Assignment operator.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "*=", "#Multiplication_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Multiplication assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "/=", "#Division_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Division assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "%=", "#Remainder_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Remainder assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "+=", "#Addition_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Addition assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "-=", "#Subtraction_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Subtraction assignment</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "&lt;&lt;=", "#Left_shift_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Left shift assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "&gt;&gt;=", "#Right_shift_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Right shift assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operators/Assignment_Operators", "&gt;&gt;&gt;=", "#Unsigned_right_shift_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Unsigned right shift assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "&amp;=", "#Bitwise_AND_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise AND assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("OperatorsyAssignment_Operators", "^=", "#Bitwise_XOR_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise XOR assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Assignment_Operators", "|=", "#Bitwise_OR_assignment")}}</dt>
 <dd>Bitwise OR assignment.</dd>
 <dt>{{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/Destructuring_assignment", "[a, b] = [1, 2]")}}<br>
 {{experimental_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/Destructuring_assignment", "{a, b} = {a:1, b:2}")}}</dt>
 <dd>
 <p>Destructuring assignment allows you to assign the properties of an array or object to variables using syntax that looks similar to array or object literals.</p>
 </dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Comma_operator">Comma operator</h3>

<dl>
 <dt>{{jsxref("Operatory/Comma_Operator", ",")}}</dt>
 <dd>The comma operator allows multiple expressions to be evaluated in a single statement and returns the result of the last expression.</dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Non-standard_features">Non-standard features</h3>

<dl>
 <dt>{{non-standard_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/Legacy_generator_function", "Legacy generator function", "", 1)}}</dt>
 <dd>The <code>function</code> keyword can be used to define a legacy generator function inside an expression. To make the function a legacy generator, the function body should contains at least one {{jsxref("Operators/yield", "yield")}} expression.</dd>
 <dt>{{non-standard_inline}} {{jsxref("Operatory/Expression_closures", "Expression closures", "", 1)}}</dt>
 <dd>The expression closure syntax is a shorthand for writing simple function.</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
   <th scope="col">Status</th>
   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>ECMAScript 1st Edition.</td>
   <td>Standard</td>
   <td>Initial definition.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-11', 'Expressions')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td>
   <td> </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-ecmascript-language-expressions', 'ECMAScript Language: Expressions')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td>
   <td>New: Spread operator, destructuring assignment, <code>super</code> keyword, Array comprehensions, Generator comprehensions</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>

<ul>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Operator_Precedence">Operator precedence</a></li>
</ul>