--- title: A sua primeira extensão slug: Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/A_sua_primeira_extensao tags: - Extensões da Web - Guía translation_of: Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Your_first_WebExtension ---
{{AddonSidebar}}

Neste artigo, nós iremos abordar a criação de uma extensão para o Firefox, do início até ao fim. A extensão adiciona apenas um contorno vermelho a qualquer página carregada de 'mozilla.org' ou qualquer um dos seus subdomínios.

O código fonte para este exemplo está no GitHub: borderify.

Primeiro, precisa de ter o Firefox - versão 45 ou superior.

Escrever a extensão

Crie uma nova diretoria e vá para a mesma:

mkdir borderify
cd borderify

manifest.json

Now create a new file called "manifest.json" directly under the "borderify" directory. Give it the following contents:

{

  "manifest_version": 2,
  "name": "Borderify",
  "version": "1.0",

  "description": "Adds a red border to all webpages matching mozilla.org.",

  "icons": {
    "48": "icons/border-48.png"
  },

  "content_scripts": [
    {
      "matches": ["*://*.mozilla.org/*"],
      "js": ["borderify.js"]
    }
  ]

}

The most interesting key here is content_scripts, which tells Firefox to load a script into Web pages whose URL matches a specific pattern. In this case, we're asking Firefox to load a script called "borderify.js" into all HTTP or HTTPS pages served from "mozilla.org" or any of its subdomains.

In some situations you need to specify an ID for your extension. If you do need to specify an add-on ID, include the  applications key in manifest.json and set its gecko.id property:

"applications": {
  "gecko": {
    "id": "borderify@example.com"
  }
}

icons/border-48.png

The extension should have an icon. This will be shown next to the extension's listing in the Add-ons Manager. Our manifest.json promised that we would have an icon at "icons/border-48.png".

Create the "icons" directory directly under the "borderify" directory. Save an icon there named "border-48.png".  You could use the one from our example, which is taken from the Google Material Design iconset, and is used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license.

If you choose to supply your own icon, It should be 48x48 pixels. You could also supply a 96x96 pixel icon, for high-resolution displays, and if you do this it will be specified as the 96 property of the icons object in manifest.json:

"icons": {
  "48": "icons/border-48.png",
  "96": "icons/border-96.png"
}

Alternatively, you could supply an SVG file here, and it will be scaled correctly. (Though: if you're using SVG and your icon includes text, you may want to use your SVG editor's "convert to path" tool to flatten the text, so that it scales with a consistent size/position.)

borderify.js

Finally, create a file called "borderify.js" directly under the "borderify" directory. Give it this content:

document.body.style.border = "5px solid red";

This script will be loaded into the pages that match the pattern given in the content_scripts manifest.json key. The script has direct access to the document, just like scripts loaded by the page itself.

Testá-la

Primeiro, reverifique que tem os ficheiros corretos nos locais certos:

borderify/
    icons/
        border-48.png
    borderify.js
    manifest.json

Instalar

Open "about:debugging" in Firefox, click "Load Temporary Add-on" and select any file in your extension's directory:

{{EmbedYouTube("cer9EUKegG4")}}

The extension will now be installed, and will stay until you restart Firefox.

Alternatively, you can run the extension from the command line using the web-ext tool.

Testar

Now try visiting a page under "mozilla.org", and you should see the red border round the page:

{{EmbedYouTube("rxBQl2Z9IBQ")}}

Don't try it on addons.mozilla.org, though! Content scripts are currently blocked on that domain.

Try experimenting a bit. Edit the content script to change the color of the border, or do something else to the page content. Save the content script, then reload the extensions's files by clicking the "Reload" button in about:debugging. You can see the changes right away:

{{EmbedYouTube("NuajE60jfGY")}}

Empacotar e publicação

Para que as outras pessoas utilizem a sua extensão, precisa de empacotá-la e enviá-la para a assinar na Mozilla. Para saber mais sobre isto, consulte "Publicar a sua extensão".

E a seguir?

Agora tem uma idéia do processo de desenvolvimento de uma Extensão da Web para o Firefox, tente: