--- title: CustomElementRegistry.define() slug: Web/API/CustomElementRegistry/define tags: - API - CustomElementRegistry - Web Components - custom elements translation_of: Web/API/CustomElementRegistry/define ---

{{APIRef("CustomElementRegistry")}}

{{domxref("CustomElementRegistry")}}接口的define()方法定义了一个自定义元素。

你可以创建两种类型的自定义元素：

语法

customElements.define(name, constructor, options);

参数

name
自定义元素名.
constructor
自定义元素构造器.
options {{optional_inline}}
控制元素如何定义. 目前有一个选项支持:

返回值

空

示例

自主定制元素

以下代码取自我们的 popup-info-box-web-component 示例(see it live also)。

// Create a class for the element
class PopUpInfo extends HTMLElement {
  constructor() {
    // Always call super first in constructor
    super();

    // Create a shadow root
    var shadow = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});

    // Create spans
    var wrapper = document.createElement('span');
    wrapper.setAttribute('class','wrapper');
    var icon = document.createElement('span');
    icon.setAttribute('class','icon');
    icon.setAttribute('tabindex', 0);
    var info = document.createElement('span');
    info.setAttribute('class','info');

    // Take attribute content and put it inside the info span
    var text = this.getAttribute('text');
    info.textContent = text;

    // Insert icon
    var imgUrl;
    if(this.hasAttribute('img')) {
      imgUrl = this.getAttribute('img');
    } else {
      imgUrl = 'img/default.png';
    }
    var img = document.createElement('img');
    img.src = imgUrl;
    icon.appendChild(img);

    // Create some CSS to apply to the shadow dom
    var style = document.createElement('style');

    style.textContent = '.wrapper {' +
                           'position: relative;' +
                        '}' +

                         '.info {' +
                            'font-size: 0.8rem;' +
                            'width: 200px;' +
                            'display: inline-block;' +
                            'border: 1px solid black;' +
                            'padding: 10px;' +
                            'background: white;' +
                            'border-radius: 10px;' +
                            'opacity: 0;' +
                            'transition: 0.6s all;' +
                            'position: absolute;' +
                            'bottom: 20px;' +
                            'left: 10px;' +
                            'z-index: 3;' +
                          '}' +

                          'img {' +
                            'width: 1.2rem' +
                          '}' +

                          '.icon:hover + .info, .icon:focus + .info {' +
                            'opacity: 1;' +
                          '}';

    // attach the created elements to the shadow dom

    shadow.appendChild(style);
    shadow.appendChild(wrapper);
    wrapper.appendChild(icon);
    wrapper.appendChild(info);
  }
}

// Define the new element
customElements.define('popup-info', PopUpInfo);
<popup-info img="img/alt.png" text="Your card validation code (CVC) is an extra
                                    security feature — it is the last 3 or 4
                                    numbers on the back of your card.">

注意：自主自定义元素的构造函数必须扩展{{domxref("HTMLElement")}}。

自定义内置元素

以下代码取自我们的 word-count-web-component 实例 (查看实例效果).

// Create a class for the element
class WordCount extends HTMLParagraphElement {
  constructor() {
    // Always call super first in constructor
    super();

    // count words in element's parent element
    var wcParent = this.parentNode;

    function countWords(node){
      var text = node.innerText || node.textContent
      return text.split(/\s+/g).length;
    }

    var count = 'Words: ' + countWords(wcParent);

    // Create a shadow root
    var shadow = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});

    // Create text node and add word count to it
    var text = document.createElement('span');
    text.textContent = count;

    // Append it to the shadow root
    shadow.appendChild(text);


    // Update count when element content changes
    setInterval(function() {
      var count = 'Words: ' + countWords(wcParent);
      text.textContent = count;
    }, 200)

  }
}

// Define the new element
customElements.define('word-count', WordCount, { extends: 'p' });
<p is="word-count"></p>

规范

Specification Status Comment
{{SpecName("HTML WHATWG", "custom-elements.html#dom-customelementregistry-define", "customElements.define()")}} {{Spec2("HTML WHATWG")}} Initial definition.

浏览器兼容

{{Compat("api.CustomElementRegistry.define")}}