---
title: Worker.onmessage
slug: Web/API/Worker/onmessage
translation_of: Web/API/Worker/onmessage
---
<p>{{APIRef("Web Workers API")}}</p>

<p>{{domxref("Worker")}} 接口的<strong><code>onmessage</code></strong>属性表示一个{{event("Event_handlers", "event handler")}}事件处理函数，当{{event("message")}} 事件发生时，该函数被调用。这些事件所属{{domxref("MessageEvent")}}类型，且当Worker子线程返回一条消息时被调用（比如：从{{domxref("DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope.postMessage")}}函数发出的信息）</p>

<div class="note">
<p><strong>注意</strong>: 消息被装载到 {{event("message")}}事件对象的<code>data</code>属性。（译者：即传递的消息参数将被赋值给<code>onmessage</code>处理函数的事件参数<code>e</code>中的<code>data</code>属性）</p>
</div>

<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">myWorker.onmessage = function(e) { ... }</pre>

<h2 id="范例">范例</h2>

<p>下面的代码片段示范用{{domxref("Worker.Worker", "Worker()")}} 构造函数创建一个{{domxref("Worker")}}对象。当表单的<code>first</code>输入框的值变更时，消息被传递给worker。<code>myWorker.onmessage</code>函数用来处理从worker回传的消息。</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var myWorker = new Worker('worker.js');

first.onchange = function() {
  myWorker.postMessage([first.value,second.value]);
  console.log('Message posted to worker');
}

myWorker.onmessage = function(e) {
  result.textContent = e.data;
  console.log('Message received from worker');
}
</pre>

<p>在<code>worker.js</code>中,  <code>onmessage</code> 函数用来接收从主线程传递过来的信息:</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">onmessage = function(e) {
  console.log('Message received from main script');
  var workerResult = 'Result: ' + (e.data[0] * e.data[1]);
  console.log('Posting message back to main script');
  postMessage(workerResult);
}</pre>

<p>请注意，主线程中必须以myWorker.<code>onmessage</code>方式调用,  反之 <code>worker.js</code> 脚本中, 只需定义 <code>onmessage</code>, 因为worker.js全域有效({{domxref("DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope")}}).</p>

<p>完整范例，请参考<a class="external external-icon" href="https://github.com/mdn/simple-web-worker">Basic dedicated worker example</a> (<a class="external external-icon" href="http://mdn.github.io/simple-web-worker/">run dedicated worker</a>).</p>

<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">规范</th>
   <th scope="col">状态</th>
   <th scope="col">注释</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', "#handler-worker-onmessage", "Worker.onmessage")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}}</td>
   <td>No change from {{SpecName("Web Workers")}}.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('Web Workers', "#handler-worker-onmessage", "Worker.onmessage")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('Web Workers')}}</td>
   <td>Initial definition.</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2>

<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div>

<div id="compat-desktop">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>特性</th>
   <th>Chrome</th>
   <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
   <th>Internet Explorer</th>
   <th>Opera</th>
   <th>Safari (WebKit)</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>基本支持</td>
   <td>4</td>
   <td>3.5</td>
   <td>10.0</td>
   <td>10.6</td>
   <td>4</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div id="compat-mobile">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>特性</th>
   <th>Android</th>
   <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
   <th>Firefox OS (Gecko)</th>
   <th>IE Phone</th>
   <th>Opera Mobile</th>
   <th>Safari Mobile</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>基本支持</td>
   <td>4.4</td>
   <td>3.5</td>
   <td>1.0.1</td>
   <td>10.0</td>
   <td>11.5</td>
   <td>5.1</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<h2 id="参阅">参阅</h2>

<p>{{domxref("Worker")}} 接口所属。</p>