--- title: ':scope' slug: 'Web/CSS/:scope' tags: - ':scope' - CSS - Layout - Pseudo-class - Reference - Scoped Elements - Web translation_of: 'Web/CSS/:scope' ---

{{CSSRef}}

:scope 属于 CSS 伪类,它表示作为选择器要匹配的参考点的元素。

/* Selects a scoped element */
:scope {
  background-color: lime;
}

当前,在样式表中使用时, :scope 等效于 {{cssxref(":root")}},因为目前尚无一种方法来显式建立作用域元素。当从DOM API使用,如({{domxref("Element.querySelector", "querySelector()")}}, {{domxref("Element.querySelectorAll", "querySelectorAll()")}}, {{domxref("Element.matches", "matches()")}}, 或 {{domxref("Element.closest()")}}), :scope 匹配你调用API的元素。

用法

{{csssyntax}}

示例

Identity match

在这个简单的示例中,我们演示了调用 {{domxref("Element.matches()")}} 方法中使用 :scope 伪类来匹配调用它的元素。

JavaScript

let paragraph = document.getElementById("para");
let output = document.getElementById("output");

if (paragraph.matches(":scope")) {
  output.innerText = "Yep, the element is its own scope as expected!";
}

HTML

<p id="para">
  This is a paragraph. It is not an interesting paragraph. Sorry about that.
</p>
<p id="output"></p>

结果

{{ EmbedLiveSample('Identity_match') }}

Direct children

当需要获取已检索到的的直接后代元素时,:scope 伪类很有用。

JavaScript

var context = document.getElementById('context');
var selected = context.querySelectorAll(':scope > div');

document.getElementById('results').innerHTML = Array.prototype.map.call(selected, function (element) {
    return '#' + element.getAttribute('id');
}).join(', ');

HTML

<div id="context">
    <div id="element-1">
        <div id="element-1.1"></div>
        <div id="element-1.2"></div>
    </div>
    <div id="element-2">
        <div id="element-2.1"></div>
    </div>
</div>
<p>
    Selected elements ids :
    <span id="results"></span>
</p>

结果

{{ EmbedLiveSample('Direct_children') }}

规范

规范 状态 备注
{{ SpecName('CSS4 Selectors', '#the-scope-pseudo', ':scope') }} {{ Spec2('CSS4 Selectors') }} Initial definition.

浏览器兼容性

{{Compat("css.selectors.scope")}}

参考