---
title: 通配选择器
slug: Web/CSS/Universal_selectors
tags:
  - CSS
  - Selectors
  - 选择器
translation_of: Web/CSS/Universal_selectors
---
<p>{{ CSSRef() }}</p>

<h2 id="概述">概述</h2>

<p>在CSS中,一个星号(<code>*</code>)就是一个通配选择器.它可以匹配任意类型的HTML元素.在配合其他简单选择器的时候,省略掉通配选择器会有同样的效果.比如,<code>*.warning</code> 和<code>.warning</code> 的效果完全相同.</p>

<p>在CSS3中,星号(<code>*</code>)可以和命名空间组合使用:</p>

<ul>
 <li><code>ns|*</code> - 会匹配<code>ns</code>命名空间下的所有元素</li>
 <li><code>*|*</code> - 会匹配所有命名空间下的所有元素</li>
 <li><code>|*</code> - 会匹配所有没有命名空间的元素</li>
</ul>

<h2 id="Examples" name="Examples">示例</h2>

<pre class="brush: css">*[lang^=en]{color:green;}
*.warning {color:red;}
*#maincontent {border: 1px solid blue;}
</pre>

<p>上面的CSS作用于下面的HTML:</p>

<pre class="brush: html">&lt;p class="warning"&gt;
  &lt;span lang="en-us"&gt;A green span&lt;/span&gt; in a red paragraph.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p id="maincontent" lang="en-gb"&gt;
  &lt;span class="warning"&gt;A red span&lt;/span&gt; in a green paragraph.
&lt;/p&gt;
</pre>

<p>则会产生这样的效果:</p>

<p><span style="color: rgb(0, 255, 0);">A green span</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"> in a red paragraph.</span></p>

<p style="border: 1px solid blue;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">A red span</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 255, 0);"> in a green paragraph (with a border.)</span></p>

<div class="note">注: 笔者不推荐使用通配选择器,因为它是<a class="external" href="http://www.stevesouders.com/blog/2009/06/18/simplifying-css-selectors/">性能最低的一个CSS选择器</a>.</div>

<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
   <th scope="col">Status</th>
   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td><a class="external" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#universal-selector">CSS Selectors Level 3</a></td>
   <td>{{ Spec2('CSS3 Selectors') }}</td>
   <td>定义了在命名空间下的行为并提示在伪元素中忽略它是允许的</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a class="external" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/selector.html#universal-selector">CSS 2.1</a></td>
   <td>{{ Spec2('CSS2.1') }}</td>
   <td>初始定义</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="Browser_compatibility" name="Browser_compatibility">浏览器兼容性</h2>

<p>{{ CompatibilityTable() }}</p>

<div id="compat-desktop">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Chrome</th>
   <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
   <th>Internet Explorer</th>
   <th>Opera</th>
   <th>Safari</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("1") }}</td>
   <td>7</td>
   <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Combination with namespace support</td>
   <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("1") }}</td>
   <td>9</td>
   <td>8</td>
   <td>1.3</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div id="compat-mobile">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Android</th>
   <th>Chrome for Android</th>
   <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
   <th>IE Mobile</th>
   <th>Opera Mobile</th>
   <th>Safari Mobile</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("1") }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Combination with namespace support</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
   <td>{{ CompatUnknown() }}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<h2 id="相关链接">相关链接</h2>