--- title: Array.prototype.indexOf() slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/indexOf tags: - JavaScript - polyfill - 原型 - 参考 - 数组 - 方法 translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/indexOf ---
indexOf()
方法返回在数组中可以找到一个给定元素的第一个索引,如果不存在,则返回-1。
备注:对于String方法,请参阅 {{jsxref("String.prototype.indexOf()")}}。
arr.indexOf(searchElement[, fromIndex])
searchElement
fromIndex
{{optional_inline}}首个被找到的元素在数组中的索引位置; 若没有找到则返回 -1
indexOf
使用strict equality (无论是 ===, 还是 triple-equals操作符都基于同样的方法)进行判断 searchElement与
数组中包含的元素之间的关系。
以下例子使用indexOf方法确定多个值在数组中的位置。
var array = [2, 5, 9]; array.indexOf(2); // 0 array.indexOf(7); // -1 array.indexOf(9, 2); // 2 array.indexOf(2, -1); // -1 array.indexOf(2, -3); // 0
var indices = []; var array = ['a', 'b', 'a', 'c', 'a', 'd']; var element = 'a'; var idx = array.indexOf(element); while (idx != -1) { indices.push(idx); idx = array.indexOf(element, idx + 1); } console.log(indices); // [0, 2, 4]
function updateVegetablesCollection (veggies, veggie) { if (veggies.indexOf(veggie) === -1) { veggies.push(veggie); console.log('New veggies collection is : ' + veggies); } else if (veggies.indexOf(veggie) > -1) { console.log(veggie + ' already exists in the veggies collection.'); } } var veggies = ['potato', 'tomato', 'chillies', 'green-pepper']; // New veggies collection is : potato,tomato,chillies,green-papper,spinach updateVegetablesCollection(veggies, 'spinach'); // spinach already exists in the veggies collection. updateVegetablesCollection(veggies, 'spinach');
indexOf
在ECMA-262 标准 的第5版中被加入,但并非所有的浏览器都支持该方法。你可以在编写scripts时,在其开头使用以下代码,它能够允许你在没有本地支持的情况下使用indexOf方法。该算法符合ECMA-262第5版其中一项规定, 即假定 {{jsxref("Global_Objects/TypeError", "TypeError")}}和 {{jsxref("Math.abs")}} 呈现它们原有的值。
// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 5, 15.4.4.14 // Reference: http://es5.github.io/#x15.4.4.14 if (!Array.prototype.indexOf) { Array.prototype.indexOf = function(searchElement, fromIndex) { var k; // 1. Let O be the result of calling ToObject passing // the this value as the argument. if (this == null) { throw new TypeError('"this" is null or not defined'); } var O = Object(this); // 2. Let lenValue be the result of calling the Get // internal method of O with the argument "length". // 3. Let len be ToUint32(lenValue). var len = O.length >>> 0; // 4. If len is 0, return -1. if (len === 0) { return -1; } // 5. If argument fromIndex was passed let n be // ToInteger(fromIndex); else let n be 0. var n = +fromIndex || 0; if (Math.abs(n) === Infinity) { n = 0; } // 6. If n >= len, return -1. if (n >= len) { return -1; } // 7. If n >= 0, then Let k be n. // 8. Else, n<0, Let k be len - abs(n). // If k is less than 0, then let k be 0. k = Math.max(n >= 0 ? n : len - Math.abs(n), 0); // 9. Repeat, while k < len while (k < len) { // a. Let Pk be ToString(k). // This is implicit for LHS operands of the in operator // b. Let kPresent be the result of calling the // HasProperty internal method of O with argument Pk. // This step can be combined with c // c. If kPresent is true, then // i. Let elementK be the result of calling the Get // internal method of O with the argument ToString(k). // ii. Let same be the result of applying the // Strict Equality Comparison Algorithm to // searchElement and elementK. // iii. If same is true, return k. if (k in O && O[k] === searchElement) { return k; } k++; } return -1; }; }
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.14', 'Array.prototype.indexOf')}} | {{Spec2('ES5.1')}} | Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.6 |
{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.indexof', 'Array.prototype.indexOf')}} | {{Spec2('ES6')}} |
{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.indexOf")}}