---
title: History
slug: Web/API/History
translation_of: Web/API/History
---
<div>{{ APIRef("HTML DOM") }}</div>

<p><strong><code>History</code></strong> 介面允許操控瀏覽器的 <em>session history</em> 紀錄，為當前面頁所在分頁中訪問、或於當前面頁中透過頁面框架（frame）所載入的頁面。</p>

<h2 id="屬性">屬性</h2>

<p><em>The <code>History</code></em><em> interface doesn't inherit any property.</em></p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.length")}} {{readOnlyInline}}</dt>
 <dd>Returns an <code>Integer</code> representing the number of elements in the session history, including the currently loaded page. For example, for a page loaded in a new tab this property returns <code>1</code>.</dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.current")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{ non-standard_inline() }} {{ obsolete_inline(26) }}</dt>
 <dd>Returns a {{domxref("DOMString")}} representing the URL of the active item of the session history. This property was never available to web content and is no more supported by any browser. Use {{domxref("Location.href")}} instead.</dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.next")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{ non-standard_inline() }} {{ obsolete_inline(26) }}</dt>
 <dd>Returns a {{domxref("DOMString")}} representing the URL of the next item in the session history. This property was never available to web content and is not supported by other browsers.</dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.previous")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{ non-standard_inline() }} {{ obsolete_inline(26) }}</dt>
 <dd>Returns a {{domxref("DOMString")}} representing the URL of the previous item in the session history. This property was never available to web content and is not supported by other browsers.</dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.scrollRestoration")}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt>
 <dd>Allows web applications to explicitly set default scroll restoration behavior on history navigation. This property can be either <code>auto</code> or <code>manual</code>.</dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.state")}} {{readOnlyInline}} {{ gecko_minversion_inline("2.0") }}</dt>
 <dd>Returns an <code>any</code> value representing the state at the top of the history stack. This is a way to look at the state without having to wait for a {{event("popstate")}} event.</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="方法">方法</h2>

<p><em>The <code>History</code></em> <em>interface doesn't inherit any methods.</em></p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.back()")}}</dt>
 <dd>回到 session history 紀錄中的前一頁，等同於使用者按下瀏覽器的上一頁按鈕。相當於 <code>history.go(-1)</code>。
 <div class="note">Calling this method to go back beyond the first page in the session history has no effect and doesn't raise an exception.</div>
 </dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.forward()")}}</dt>
 <dd>回到 session history 紀錄中的下一頁，等同於使用者按下瀏覽器的下一頁按鈕。相當於 <code>history.go(1)</code>。
 <div class="note">Calling this method to go forward beyond the most recent page in the session history has no effect and doesn't raise an exception.</div>
 </dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.go()")}}</dt>
 <dd>自 session history 紀錄中載入一個頁面，利用該頁面相對於目前頁面的所在位置，例如 -1 為前一頁或 1 為下一頁。若指定了一個超出範圍的值（舉例來說，在 session history 沒有先前訪頁面的情況下指定 -1），此方法將會是靜默（不會產生錯誤）且沒有任何效果的。不帶參數或是傳入 0 呼叫 <code>go()</code> 會重新載入目前頁面。Internet Explorer <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms536443(VS.85).aspx">也可以傳入字串</a>來前往一個於瀏覽歷史列表中指定的頁面。</dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.pushState()")}} {{ gecko_minversion_inline("2.0") }}</dt>
 <dd>插入給定的資料與指定的標題（title）以及選擇性的 URL 至 session history 堆疊（stack）中。給定的資料將被 DOM 視為不透明的（opaque）；可以指定任何可被序列化的 JavaScript 物件。請注意 Firefox 目前會忽略標題（title）參數；更多資訊請參閱<a href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/API/History_API">操控瀏覽器歷史紀錄</a>。</dd>
 <dt>{{domxref("History.replaceState()")}} {{ gecko_minversion_inline("2.0") }}</dt>
 <dd>以指定的資料、標題（title）及可選的 URL 來更新歷史紀錄堆疊（history stack）中近期的項目。給定的資料將被 DOM 視為不透明的（opaque）；可以指定任何可被序列化的 JavaScript 物件。請注意 Firefox 目前會忽略標題（title）參數；更多資訊請參閱<a href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/API/History_API">操控瀏覽器歷史紀錄</a>。</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="規範">規範</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
   <th scope="col">Status</th>
   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', "browsers.html#the-history-interface", "History")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}}</td>
   <td>Adds the <code>scrollRestoration</code> attribute.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML5 W3C', "browsers.html#the-history-interface", "History")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML5 W3C')}}</td>
   <td>Initial definition.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('Custom Scroll Restoration', '#web-idl', "History")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('Custom Scroll Restoration')}}</td>
   <td>Adds the <code>scrollRestoration</code> attribute.</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="瀏覽器相容性">瀏覽器相容性</h2>

<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div>

<div id="compat-desktop">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Chrome</th>
   <th>Edge</th>
   <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
   <th>Internet Explorer</th>
   <th>Opera</th>
   <th>Safari (WebKit)</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>pushState</code> and <code>replaceState</code></td>
   <td>{{CompatChrome(5.0)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>4.0 <sup>[1]</sup></td>
   <td>10</td>
   <td>11.5</td>
   <td>5</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>scrollRestoration</code></td>
   <td>{{CompatChrome(46.0)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("46.0")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>33</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}<sup>[2]</sup></td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div id="compat-mobile">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Android</th>
   <th>Android Webview</th>
   <th>Edge</th>
   <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
   <th>IE Phone</th>
   <th>Opera Mobile</th>
   <th>Safari Mobile</th>
   <th>Chrome for Android</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>pushState</code> and <code>replaceState</code></td>
   <td>2.2</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>10</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>4.3</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>scrollRestoration</code></td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatChrome(46.0)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}<sup>[2]</sup></td>
   <td>{{CompatChrome(46.0)}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<p>[1] In Firefox 2 through 5, the passed object is serialized using JSON. Starting in Firefox 6, the object is serialized using <a href="/en/DOM/The_structured_clone_algorithm" title="en/DOM/The structured clone algorithm">the structured clone algorithm</a>. This allows a wider variety of objects to be safely passed.</p>

<p>[2] WebKit <a href="https://trac.webkit.org/changeset/213590/webkit">bug 147782</a></p>

<h2 id="參見">參見</h2>

<ul>
 <li>The {{domxref("Window.history")}} property returning the history of the current session.</li>
</ul>