arguments 物件是一個對應傳入函式之引數的類陣列（Array-like）物件。
arguments
Note: 如果你有在使用 ES6 語法，建議參考其餘參數。
Note: 「類陣列 (Array-like)」 的意思是 arguments 一樣擁有 length這項屬性，以及從 0 開始的索引，但是它沒有陣列內建的方法像是 forEach() ，或是 map() 。
The arguments object is a local variable available within all (non-arrow) functions. You can refer to a function's arguments within the function by using the arguments object. This object contains an entry for each argument passed to the function, the first entry's index starting at 0.
For example, if a function is passed three arguments, you can refer to them as follows:
arguments[0] arguments[1] arguments[2]
arguments 也可以被指定：
arguments[1] = 'new value';
arguments 物件不是陣列。它與陣列非常相似，但是它沒有除了 length 這個屬性以外的其他陣列屬性。舉例，它沒有 pop 這個陣列方法。
然而，它依然可以被轉換為真正的陣列(Array)。
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); var args = [].slice.call(arguments); // ES2015 const args = Array.from(arguments);
Using slice on arguments prevents optimizations in some JavaScript engines (V8 for example - more information). If you care for them, try constructing a new array by iterating through the arguments object instead. An alternative would be to use the despised Array constructor as a function:
var args = (arguments.length === 1 ? [arguments[0]] : Array.apply(null, arguments));
You can use the arguments object if you call a function with more arguments than it is formally declared to accept. This technique is useful for functions that can be passed a variable number of arguments. Use arguments.length to determine the number of arguments passed to the function, and then process each argument by using the arguments object. To determine the number of parameters in the function signature, use the Function.length property.
typeof with ArgumentsThe typeof arguments returns 'object'.
console.log(typeof arguments); // 'object'
The typeof individual arguments can be determined with the use of indexing.
console.log(typeof arguments[0]); //this will return the typeof individual arguments.
You can also use the {{jsxref("Array.from()")}} method or the spread operator to convert arguments to a real Array:
var args = Array.from(arguments); var args = [...arguments];
arguments.calleearguments.caller {{ Obsolete_inline() }}arguments.lengtharguments[@@iterator]This example defines a function that concatenates several strings. The only formal argument for the function is a string that specifies the characters that separate the items to concatenate. The function is defined as follows:
function myConcat(separator) {
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);
return args.join(separator);
}
You can pass any number of arguments to this function, and it creates a list using each argument as an item in the list.
// returns "red, orange, blue"
myConcat(', ', 'red', 'orange', 'blue');
// returns "elephant; giraffe; lion; cheetah"
myConcat('; ', 'elephant', 'giraffe', 'lion', 'cheetah');
// returns "sage. basil. oregano. pepper. parsley"
myConcat('. ', 'sage', 'basil', 'oregano', 'pepper', 'parsley');
This example defines a function that creates a string containing HTML for a list. The only formal argument for the function is a string that is "u" if the list is to be unordered (bulleted), or "o" if the list is to be ordered (numbered). The function is defined as follows:
function list(type) {
var result = '<' + type + 'l><li>';
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);
result += args.join('</li><li>');
result += '</li></' + type + 'l>'; // end list
return result;
}
You can pass any number of arguments to this function, and it adds each argument as an item to a list of the type indicated. For example:
var listHTML = list('u', 'One', 'Two', 'Three');
/* listHTML is:
"<ul><li>One</li><li>Two</li><li>Three</li></ul>"
*/
The arguments object can be used in conjunction with rest, default, and destructured parameters.
function foo(...args) {
return args;
}
foo(1, 2, 3); // [1,2,3]
While the presence of rest, default, or destructured parameters does not alter the behavior of the arguments object in strict mode code, there is a subtle difference for non-strict code.
When a non-strict function does not contain rest, default, or destructured parameters, then the values in the arguments object do track the values of the arguments (and vice versa). See the code below:
function func(a) {
arguments[0] = 99; // updating arguments[0] also updates a
console.log(a);
}
func(10); // 99
and
function func(a) {
a = 99; // updating a also updates arguments[0]
console.log(arguments[0]);
}
func(10); // 99
When a non-strict function does contain rest, default, or destructured parameters, then the values in the arguments object do not track the values of the arguments (and vice versa). Instead, they reflect the arguments provided at the time of invocation:
function func(a = 55) {
arguments[0] = 99; // updating arguments[0] does not also update a
console.log(a);
}
func(10); // 10
and
function func(a = 55) {
a = 99; // updating a does not also update arguments[0]
console.log(arguments[0]);
}
func(10); // 10
and
function func(a = 55) {
console.log(arguments[0]);
}
func(); // undefined
| Specification | Status | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| {{SpecName('ES1')}} | {{Spec2('ES1')}} | Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1 |
| {{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-10.6', 'Arguments Object')}} | {{Spec2('ES5.1')}} | |
| {{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-arguments-exotic-objects', 'Arguments Exotic Objects')}} | {{Spec2('ES2015')}} | |
| {{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-arguments-exotic-objects', 'Arguments Exotic Objects')}} | {{Spec2('ESDraft')}} |
{{Compat("javascript.functions.arguments")}}