files/fr/web/api/element/matches/index.html


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---
title: Element.matches()
slug: Web/API/Element/matches
tags:
  - API
  - DOM
  - Selector
translation_of: Web/API/Element/matches
---
<p>{{ APIRef("DOM") }}</p>

<p><code>La méthode<strong> </strong></code><strong><code>element.matches()</code></strong> renvoie <code>true</code> lorsque l'élément peut être sélectionné par le sélecteur défini par la chaîne passée en paramêtre; sinon, elle renvoie <code>false</code>.</p>

<div class="warning">
<p>Certains navigateurs implémentent cette méthode sous le nom <code>matchesSelector()</code> non-standardisé et préfixé.</p>
</div>

<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">Syntaxe</h2>

<pre class="syntaxbox"><em>var result</em> = <em>element</em>.matches(selectorString);
</pre>

<ul>
 <li><code>result</code> contient la valeur retournée <code>true</code> ou <code>false</code>.</li>
 <li><code>selectorString</code> est une chaîne définissant le sélecteur à tester sur l'élément.</li>
</ul>

<h2 id="Example" name="Example">Exemple</h2>

<pre class="brush: html line-numbers  language-html"><code class="language-html"><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>ul</span> <span class="attr-name token">id</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>birds<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
  <span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>li</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>perroquet amazone<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>li</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
  <span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>li</span> <span class="attr-name token">class</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>endangered<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>aigle des Philippines<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>li</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
  <span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>li</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>pélican<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token"> blanc&lt;/</span>li</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>ul</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>script</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>text/javascript<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span><span class="language-javascript script token">
  <span class="keyword token">var</span> birds <span class="operator token">=</span> document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">getElementsByTagName</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">'li'</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>

  <span class="keyword token">for</span> <span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="keyword token">var</span> i <span class="operator token">=</span> <span class="number token">0</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span> i <span class="operator token">&lt;</span> birds<span class="punctuation token">.</span>length<span class="punctuation token">;</span> i<span class="operator token">++</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span> <span class="punctuation token">{</span>
    <span class="keyword token">if</span> <span class="punctuation token">(</span>birds<span class="punctuation token">[</span>i<span class="punctuation token">]</span><span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">matches</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">'.endangered'</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span> <span class="punctuation token">{</span>
      console<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">log</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">'Le - '</span> <span class="operator token">+</span> birds<span class="punctuation token">[</span>i<span class="punctuation token">]</span><span class="punctuation token">.</span>textContent <span class="operator token">+</span> <span class="string token">'- est en voie de disparition !'</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
    <span class="punctuation token">}</span>
  <span class="punctuation token">}</span>
</span><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>script</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span></code></pre>

<p>Ce code affichera l'alerte "Le - aigle des Philippines - est en voie de disparition !" sur la console, puisque l'élèment possède l'attribut<code> class </code>de valeur <code>endangered</code>.</p>

<h2 id="Exceptions">Exceptions</h2>

<dl>
 <dt><code>SYNTAX_ERR</code></dt>
 <dd>Lorsque la chaîne passée en paramêtre défini sélecteur invalide.</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2>

<p>Pour les navigateurs qui ne supportent pas <code>Element.matches()</code> ou <code>Element.matchesSelector()</code>, mais fournissent le support de<code> document.querySelectorAll()</code>, il existe un <em>polyfill</em> :</p>

<pre>if (!Element.prototype.matches) {
    Element.prototype.matches =
        Element.prototype.matchesSelector ||
        Element.prototype.mozMatchesSelector ||
        Element.prototype.msMatchesSelector ||
        Element.prototype.oMatchesSelector ||
        Element.prototype.webkitMatchesSelector ||
        function(s) {
            var matches = (this.document || this.ownerDocument).querySelectorAll(s),
                i = matches.length;
            while (--i &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; matches.item(i) !== this) {}
            return i &gt; -1;
        };
}</pre>

<p>Cependant, étant donné la possibilité de prendre en charge les anciens navigateurs, les éléments suivants devraient suffire pour la plupart (sinon tous) des cas pratiques (c'est-à-dire le support IE9 +).</p>

<pre class="line-numbers  language-html"><code class="language-html">if (!Element.prototype.matches) {
    Element.prototype.matches = Element.prototype.msMatchesSelector;
}</code></pre>

<h2 id="Spécification">Spécification</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">Spécification</th>
   <th scope="col">Status</th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('DOM WHATWG', '#dom-element-matches', 'Element.prototype.matches')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('DOM WHATWG')}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="Compatibilité_des_navigateurs">Compatibilité des navigateurs</h2>


<p>{{Compat("api.Element.matches")}}</p>

<h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2>

<ul>
 <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/fr/Apprendre/CSS/Introduction_%C3%A0_CSS/Les_s%C3%A9lecteurs">La syntaxe des sélecteurs</a></li>
 <li>autres méthodes qui utilisent les sélecteurs : {{domxref("element.querySelector()")}} et {{domxref("element.closest()")}}.</li>
</ul>