1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
|
---
title: HTMLCollection
slug: Web/API/HTMLCollection
translation_of: Web/API/HTMLCollection
---
<p>{{APIRef("HTML DOM")}}</p>
<p><strong><code>HTMLCollection</code></strong> 介面表示了一種成員為 {{domxref("Element")}} 物件的通用集合（如 <a href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/arguments">arguments</a> 一般的類陣列，成員順序同元素在文件中的順序），並提供了可用來選取集合成員的方法與屬性。</p>
<div class="note"><strong>Note:</strong> This interface is called <code>HTMLCollection</code> for historical reasons (before DOM4, collections implementing this interface could only have HTML elements as their items).</div>
<p><code>HTMLCollection</code> 物件對 HTML DOM 而言具有即時性（live），如果底層的文件（<code>document</code> 物件）發生改變，<code>HTMLCollection</code> 物件會自動更新至最新的狀態。</p>
<h2 id="屬性">屬性</h2>
<dl>
<dt>{{domxref("HTMLCollection.length")}} {{readonlyInline}}</dt>
<dd>Returns the number of items in the collection.</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="方法">方法</h2>
<dl>
<dt>{{domxref("HTMLCollection.item()")}}</dt>
<dd>Returns the specific node at the given zero-based <code>index</code> into the list. Returns <code>null</code> if the <code>index</code> is out of range.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("HTMLCollection.namedItem()")}}</dt>
<dd>Returns the specific node whose ID or, as a fallback, name matches the string specified by <code>name</code>. Matching by name is only done as a last resort, only in HTML, and only if the referenced element supports the <code>name</code> attribute. Returns <code>null</code> if no node exists by the given name.</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="Usage_in_JavaScript">Usage in JavaScript</h2>
<p><code>HTMLCollection also</code> exposes its members directly as properties by both name and index. HTML IDs may contain : and . as valid characters, which would necessitate using bracket notation for property access. Currently HTMLCollections does not recognize purely numeric IDs, which would cause conflict with the array-style access, though HTML5 does permit these.</p>
<p>For example, assuming there is one <code><form></code> element in the document and its <code>id</code> is <code>"myForm"</code>:</p>
<pre class="brush:js">var elem1, elem2;
// document.forms is an HTMLCollection
elem1 = document.forms[0];
elem2 = document.forms.item(0);
alert(elem1 === elem2); // shows: "true"
elem1 = document.forms.myForm;
elem2 = document.forms.namedItem("myForm");
alert(elem1 === elem2); // shows: "true"
elem1 = document.forms["named.item.with.periods"];</pre>
<h2 id="瀏覽器相容性">瀏覽器相容性</h2>
<p>Different browsers behave differently when there are more than one elements matching the string used as an index (or <code>namedItem</code>'s argument). Firefox 8 behaves as specified in DOM 2 and DOM4, returning the first matching element. WebKit browsers and Internet Explorer in this case return another <code>HTMLCollection</code> and Opera returns a {{domxref("NodeList")}} of all matching elements.</p>
<h2 id="Specifications" name="Specifications">規範</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Specification</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Comment</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('DOM WHATWG', '#htmlcollection', 'HTMLCollection')}}</td>
<td>{{ Spec2('DOM WHATWG') }}</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('DOM4', '#htmlcollection', 'HTMLCollection')}}</td>
<td>{{ Spec2('DOM4') }}</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('DOM2 HTML', 'html.html#ID-75708506', 'HTMLCollection')}}</td>
<td>{{ Spec2('DOM2 HTML') }}</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('DOM1', 'level-one-html.html#ID-75708506', 'HTMLCollection')}}</td>
<td>{{ Spec2('DOM1') }}</td>
<td>Initial definition.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="參見">參見</h2>
<ul>
<li>{{domxref("NodeList")}}</li>
<li>{{domxref("HTMLFormControlsCollection")}}, {{domxref("HTMLOptionsCollection")}}</li>
</ul>
|
