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authorPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:41:15 -0500
committerPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:41:15 -0500
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+---
+title: Pseudo-Klassen
+slug: Web/CSS/Pseudo-classes
+translation_of: Web/CSS/Pseudo-classes
+---
+<div>{{CSSRef}}</div>
+
+<p>Eine <strong><em><dfn>Pseudoklasse</dfn></em></strong> in CSS ist ein Schlüsselbegriff, welcher hinter einen Selektor gestellt wird, um einen besonderen Zustand abzufragen. So steht beispielsweise {{ Cssxref(":hover") }} für Elemente, die gerade mit dem Mauszeiger berührt werden.</p>
+
+<p>Mit Pseudoklassen und Pseudoelementen lässt sich eine Seite nicht nur in Bezug auf die Struktur des Inhalts gestalten, sondern auch im Bezug auf andere Faktoren wie zum Beispiel den Browserverlauf  ({{ cssxref(":visited") }}), eingegebene Formulardaten ({{ cssxref(":checked") }}) oder die Position des Mauszeigers ({{ cssxref(":hover") }}).</p>
+
+<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2>
+
+<pre class="syntaxbox">selector:pseudo-class {
+ property: value;
+}
+</pre>
+
+<h2 id="Übersicht_der_standardisierten_Pseudoklassen">Übersicht der standardisierten Pseudoklassen</h2>
+
+<div class="index">
+<ul>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":active") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":checked") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":default") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":dir", ":dir()")}}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":disabled") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":empty") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":enabled") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":first") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":first-child") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":first-of-type") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":fullscreen") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":focus") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":hover") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":indeterminate") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":in-range") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":invalid") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":lang", ":lang()") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":last-child") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":last-of-type") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":left") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":link") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":not", ":not()") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-child", ":nth-child()") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-last-child", ":nth-last-child()") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-last-of-type", ":nth-last-of-type()") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-of-type", ":nth-of-type()") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":only-child") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":only-of-type") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":optional") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":out-of-range") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":read-only") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":read-write") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":required") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":right") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":root") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":scope") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":target") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":valid") }}</li>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":visited") }}</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+
+<h2 id="Spezifikation">Spezifikation</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <thead>
+ <tr>
+ <th scope="col">Spezifikation</th>
+ <th scope="col">Status</th>
+ <th scope="col">Anmerkung</th>
+ </tr>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{ SpecName('Fullscreen') }}</td>
+ <td>{{ Spec2('Fullscreen') }}</td>
+ <td><code>:fullscreen</code> hinzugefügt</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{ SpecName('HTML WHATWG') }}</td>
+ <td>{{ Spec2('HTML WHATWG') }}</td>
+ <td>Keine Änderungen seit {{ SpecName('HTML5 W3C') }}.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('CSS4 Selectors')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('CSS4 Selectors')}}</td>
+ <td><code>:any-link</code>, <code>:local-link</code>, <code>:scope</code>, <code>:active-drop-target</code>, <code>:valid-drop-target</code>, <code>:invalid-drop-target</code>, <code>:current</code>, <code>:past</code>, <code>:future</code>, <code>:placeholder-shown</code>, <code>:user-error</code>, <code>:blank</code>, <code>:nth-match()</code>, <code>:nth-last-match()</code>, <code>:nth-column()</code>, <code>:nth-last-column()</code>und <code>:matches()</code> hinzugefügt.<br>
+ Keine Änderungen der bisherigen Pseudoklassen aus {{SpecName('CSS3 Selectors')}} und {{SpecName('HTML5 W3C')}}.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{ SpecName('HTML5 W3C') }}</td>
+ <td>{{ Spec2('HTML5 W3C') }}</td>
+ <td><code>:link</code>, <code>:visited</code>, <code>:active</code>, <code>:enabled</code>, <code>:disabled</code>, <code>:checked</code> und <code>:indeterminate</code> geändert<br>
+ <code>:default</code>, <code>:valid</code>, <code>:invalid</code>, <code>:in-range</code>, <code>:out-of-range</code>, <code>:required</code>, <code>:optional</code>, <code>:read-only</code>, <code>:read-write</code> und <code>:dir()</code> hinzugefügt</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{ SpecName('CSS3 Basic UI') }}</td>
+ <td>{{ Spec2('CSS3 Basic UI') }}</td>
+ <td><code>:default</code>, <code>:valid</code>, <code>:invalid</code>, <code>:in-range</code>, <code>:out-of-range</code>, <code>:required</code>, <code>:optional</code>, <code>:read-only</code> und <code>:read-write</code> hinzugefügt</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('CSS3 Selectors')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('CSS3 Selectors')}}</td>
+ <td><code>:target</code>, <code>:root</code>, <code>:nth-child()</code>, <code>:nth-last-of-child()</code>, <code>:nth-of-type()</code>, <code>:nth-last-of-type()</code>, <code>:last-child</code>, <code>:first-of-type</code>, <code>:last-of-type</code>, <code>:only-child</code>, <code>:only-of-type</code>, <code>:empty</code> und <code>:not() </code><br>
+ Defined the syntax of <code>:enabled</code>, <code>:disabled</code>, <code>:checked</code> und <code>:indeterminate</code>, hinzugefügt.<br>
+ Keine Änderungen der bisherigen Pseudoklassen aus {{SpecName('CSS2.1')}}.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('CSS2.1')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('CSS2.1')}}</td>
+ <td><code>:lang()</code>, <code>:first-child</code>, <code>:hover</code> und <code>:focus</code> hinzugefügt.<br>
+ Keine Änderungen der bisherigen Pseudoklassen aus {{SpecName('CSS1')}}.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('CSS1')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('CSS1')}}</td>
+ <td><code>:link</code>, <code>:visited</code> und <code>:active</code> hinzugefügt</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>