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authorFlorian Dieminger <me@fiji-flo.de>2021-02-11 18:20:58 +0100
committerGitHub <noreply@github.com>2021-02-11 18:20:58 +0100
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index 0000000000..7254cb4525
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+++ b/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
+---
+title: Proxy
+slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy
+translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy
+original_slug: Web/JavaScript/Referencia/Objetos_globales/Proxy
+---
+<div>
+<div>{{JSRef}}</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>El objeto <strong>Proxy</strong> se usa para definir un comportamiento personalizado para operaciones fundamentales (por ejemplo, para observar propiedades, cuando se asignan, enumeración, invocación de funciones, etc).</p>
+
+<h2 id="Terminología">Terminología</h2>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler">handler</a></dt>
+ <dd>Objeto que gestiona las intercepciones a las propiedades del objeto proxy.</dd>
+ <dt>traps</dt>
+ <dd>Son los métodos interceptores que proveen acceso a las propiedades. Es análogo al concepto de <em>traps</em> en los sistemas operativos.</dd>
+ <dt>target</dt>
+ <dd>El objeto que virtualiza este objeto. Suele usarse como <em>backend</em> de almacenamiento del proxy. Invariantes (semántica que no acepta cambios) respecto a la no extensibilidad del objeto o propiedades no configurables se verifican contra este <em>target</em>.</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="Sintaxis">Sintaxis</h2>
+
+<pre class="syntaxbox notranslate">var p = new Proxy(target, handler);
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="Parámetros">Parámetros</h3>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt><code>target</code></dt>
+ <dd>Un objeto <em>target </em>(puede ser cualquier órden de objetos, incluyendo un array nativa, funcion o incluso otro proxy) o función que contenga el <code>Proxy</code></dd>
+ <dt><code>handler</code></dt>
+ <dd>Un objeto cuyas propiedades son funciones que definen el comportamiento del proxy cuando una operación es realizada en él.</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="Métodos">Métodos</h2>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt>{{jsxref("Proxy.revocable()")}}</dt>
+ <dd>Crea un objeto <code>Proxy</code> revocable</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="Métodos_del_objeto_handler">Métodos del objeto handler</h2>
+
+<p>The handler object is a placeholder object which contains traps for <code>Proxy</code>.</p>
+
+<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler', 'Methods') }}</div>
+
+<h2 id="Ejemplos">Ejemplos</h2>
+
+<h3 id="Ejemplo_básico">Ejemplo básico</h3>
+
+<p>En este simple ejemplo el número <code>37</code> se devuelve como valor predeterminado cuando la propiedad <code>name</code> no se encuentra en el objeto. Se utilizando el manejador <code><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/get">get</a></code>.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var handler = {
+ get: function(target, name){
+ return name in target?
+ target[name] :
+ 37;
+ }
+};
+
+var p = new Proxy({}, handler);
+p.a = 1;
+p.b = undefined;
+
+console.log(p.a, p.b); // 1, undefined
+console.log('c' in p, p.c); // false, 37
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="No-op_forwarding_proxy">No-op forwarding proxy</h3>
+
+<p>In this example, we are using a native JavaScript object to which our proxy will forward all operations that are applied to it.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var target = {};
+var p = new Proxy(target, {});
+
+p.a = 37; // operation forwarded to the target
+
+console.log(target.a); // 37. The operation has been properly forwarded
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="Validación">Validación</h3>
+
+<p>Con un <code>Proxy</code>, puedes validar fácilmente el valor puesto a un objeto. Este ejemplo usa el handler (manejador) <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/set"><code>set</code></a>.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">let validator = {
+ set: function(obj, prop, value) {
+ if (prop === 'age') {
+ if (!Number.isInteger(value)) {
+ throw new TypeError('The age is not an integer');
+ }
+ if (value &gt; 200) {
+ throw new RangeError('The age seems invalid');
+ }
+ }
+
+ // The default behavior to store the value
+ obj[prop] = value;
+ }
+};
+
+let person = new Proxy({}, validator);
+
+person.age = 100;
+console.log(person.age); // 100
+person.age = 'young'; // Throws an exception
+person.age = 300; // Throws an exception
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="Extending_constructor">Extending constructor</h3>
+
+<p>A function proxy could easily extend a constructor with a new constructor. This example uses the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/construct"><code>construct</code></a> and <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/apply"><code>apply</code></a> handlers.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">function extend(sup,base) {
+ var descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(
+ base.prototype,"constructor"
+ );
+ base.prototype = Object.create(sup.prototype);
+ var handler = {
+ construct: function(target, args) {
+ var obj = Object.create(base.prototype);
+ this.apply(target,obj,args);
+ return obj;
+ },
+ apply: function(target, that, args) {
+ sup.apply(that,args);
+ base.apply(that,args);
+ }
+ };
+ var proxy = new Proxy(base,handler);
+ descriptor.value = proxy;
+ Object.defineProperty(base.prototype, "constructor", descriptor);
+ return proxy;
+}
+
+var Person = function(name){
+ this.name = name;
+};
+
+var Boy = extend(Person, function(name, age) {
+ this.age = age;
+});
+
+Boy.prototype.sex = "M";
+
+var Peter = new Boy("Peter", 13);
+console.log(Peter.sex); // "M"
+console.log(Peter.name); // "Peter"
+console.log(Peter.age); // 13</pre>
+
+<h3 id="Manipular_nodos_del_DOM">Manipular nodos del DOM</h3>
+
+<p>A veces queremos cambiar el atributo clase de dos elementos diferentes. Aquí se muestra cómo usando el handler (manejador) <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/set"><code>set</code></a>.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">let view = new Proxy({
+ selected: null
+},
+{
+ set: function(obj, prop, newval) {
+ let oldval = obj[prop];
+
+ if (prop === 'selected') {
+ if (oldval) {
+ oldval.setAttribute('aria-selected', 'false');
+ }
+ if (newval) {
+ newval.setAttribute('aria-selected', 'true');
+ }
+ }
+
+ // The default behavior to store the value
+ obj[prop] = newval;
+ }
+});
+
+let i1 = view.selected = document.getElementById('item-1');
+console.log(i1.getAttribute('aria-selected')); // 'true'
+
+let i2 = view.selected = document.getElementById('item-2');
+console.log(i1.getAttribute('aria-selected')); // 'false'
+console.log(i2.getAttribute('aria-selected')); // 'true'
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="Value_correction_and_an_extra_property">Value correction and an extra property</h3>
+
+<p>The <code>products</code> proxy object evaluates the passed value and convert it to an array if needed. The object also supports an extra property called <code>latestBrowser</code> both as a getter and a setter.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">let products = new Proxy({
+ browsers: ['Internet Explorer', 'Netscape']
+},
+{
+ get: function(obj, prop) {
+ // An extra property
+ if (prop === 'latestBrowser') {
+ return obj.browsers[obj.browsers.length - 1];
+ }
+
+ // The default behavior to return the value
+ return obj[prop];
+ },
+ set: function(obj, prop, value) {
+ // An extra property
+ if (prop === 'latestBrowser') {
+ obj.browsers.push(value);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ // Convert the value if it is not an array
+ if (typeof value === 'string') {
+ value = [value];
+ }
+
+ // The default behavior to store the value
+ obj[prop] = value;
+ }
+});
+
+console.log(products.browsers); // ['Internet Explorer', 'Netscape']
+products.browsers = 'Firefox'; // pass a string (by mistake)
+console.log(products.browsers); // ['Firefox'] &lt;- no problem, the value is an array
+
+products.latestBrowser = 'Chrome';
+console.log(products.browsers); // ['Firefox', 'Chrome']
+console.log(products.latestBrowser); // 'Chrome'
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="Finding_an_array_item_object_by_its_property">Finding an array item object by its property</h3>
+
+<p>This proxy extends an array with some utility features. As you see, you can flexibly "define" properties without using <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/defineProperties"><code>Object.defineProperties</code></a>. This example can be adapted to find a table row by its cell. In that case, the target will be <a href="/en-US/docs/DOM/table.rows"><code>table.rows</code></a>.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">let products = new Proxy([
+ { name: 'Firefox', type: 'browser' },
+ { name: 'SeaMonkey', type: 'browser' },
+ { name: 'Thunderbird', type: 'mailer' }
+],
+{
+ get: function(obj, prop) {
+ // The default behavior to return the value; prop is usually an integer
+ if (prop in obj) {
+ return obj[prop];
+ }
+
+ // Get the number of products; an alias of products.length
+ if (prop === 'number') {
+ return obj.length;
+ }
+
+ let result, types = {};
+
+ for (let product of obj) {
+ if (product.name === prop) {
+ result = product;
+ }
+ if (types[product.type]) {
+ types[product.type].push(product);
+ } else {
+ types[product.type] = [product];
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Get a product by name
+ if (result) {
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // Get products by type
+ if (prop in types) {
+ return types[prop];
+ }
+
+ // Get product types
+ if (prop === 'types') {
+ return Object.keys(types);
+ }
+
+ return undefined;
+ }
+});
+
+console.log(products[0]); // { name: 'Firefox', type: 'browser' }
+console.log(products['Firefox']); // { name: 'Firefox', type: 'browser' }
+console.log(products['Chrome']); // undefined
+console.log(products.browser); // [{ name: 'Firefox', type: 'browser' }, { name: 'SeaMonkey', type: 'browser' }]
+console.log(products.types); // ['browser', 'mailer']
+console.log(products.number); // 3
+</pre>
+
+<h3 id="A_complete_traps_list_example">A complete <code>traps</code> list example</h3>
+
+<p>Now in order to create a complete sample <code>traps</code> list, for didactic purposes, we will try to proxify a <em>non native</em> object that is particularly suited to this type of operation: the <code>docCookies</code> global object created by <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/cookie/Simple_document.cookie_framework" title="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/document.cookie#A_little_framework.3A_a_complete_cookies_reader.2Fwriter_with_full_unicode_support">the "little framework" published on the <code>document.cookie</code> page</a>.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js notranslate">/*
+ var docCookies = ... get the "docCookies" object here:
+ https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/document.cookie#A_little_framework.3A_a_complete_cookies_reader.2Fwriter_with_full_unicode_support
+*/
+
+var docCookies = new Proxy(docCookies, {
+ get: function (oTarget, sKey) {
+ return oTarget[sKey] || oTarget.getItem(sKey) || undefined;
+ },
+ set: function (oTarget, sKey, vValue) {
+ if (sKey in oTarget) { return false; }
+ return oTarget.setItem(sKey, vValue);
+ },
+ deleteProperty: function (oTarget, sKey) {
+ if (sKey in oTarget) { return false; }
+ return oTarget.removeItem(sKey);
+ },
+ enumerate: function (oTarget, sKey) {
+ return oTarget.keys();
+ },
+ ownKeys: function (oTarget, sKey) {
+ return oTarget.keys();
+ },
+ has: function (oTarget, sKey) {
+ return sKey in oTarget || oTarget.hasItem(sKey);
+ },
+ defineProperty: function (oTarget, sKey, oDesc) {
+ if (oDesc &amp;&amp; "value" in oDesc) { oTarget.setItem(sKey, oDesc.value); }
+ return oTarget;
+ },
+ getOwnPropertyDescriptor: function (oTarget, sKey) {
+ var vValue = oTarget.getItem(sKey);
+ return vValue ? {
+ value: vValue,
+ writable: true,
+ enumerable: true,
+ configurable: false
+ } : undefined;
+ },
+});
+
+/* Cookies test */
+
+console.log(docCookies.my_cookie1 = "First value");
+console.log(docCookies.getItem("my_cookie1"));
+
+docCookies.setItem("my_cookie1", "Changed value");
+console.log(docCookies.my_cookie1);</pre>
+
+<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <th scope="col">Specification</th>
+ <th scope="col">Status</th>
+ <th scope="col">Comment</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-proxy-objects', 'Proxy')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td>
+ <td>Initial definition.</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-proxy-objects', 'Proxy')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2>
+
+<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p>
+
+<div id="compat-desktop">
+<table class="compat-table">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Feature</th>
+ <th>Chrome</th>
+ <th>Edge</th>
+ <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
+ <th>Internet Explorer</th>
+ <th>Opera</th>
+ <th>Safari</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Basic support</td>
+ <td>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td>
+ <td>13 (10586)</td>
+ <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("18") }}</td>
+ <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
+ <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
+ <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+<div id="compat-mobile">
+<table class="compat-table">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Feature</th>
+ <th>Android</th>
+ <th>Chrome for Android</th>
+ <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
+ <th>IE Mobile</th>
+ <th>Opera Mobile</th>
+ <th>Safari Mobile</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Basic support</td>
+ <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
+ <td>{{CompatChrome(49.0)}}</td>
+ <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("18") }}</td>
+ <td>13 (10586)</td>
+ <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
+ <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+<h2 id="Gecko_specific_notes">Gecko specific notes</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>At present, <code>Object.getPrototypeOf(proxy)</code> unconditionally returns <code>Object.getPrototypeOf(target)</code>, because the ES6 getPrototypeOf trap is not yet implemented ({{bug(795904)}}, {{bug(888969)}}).</li>
+ <li><code>Array.isArray(proxy)</code> unconditionally returns <code>Array.isArray(target)</code> ({{bug(1096753)}}, {{bug(1111785)}}).</li>
+ <li><code>Object.prototype.toString.call(proxy)</code> unconditionally returns <code>Object.prototype.toString.call(target)</code>, because ES6 Symbol.toStringTag is not yet implemented ({{bug(1114580)}}).</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a class="external" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sClk6aB_CPk">"Proxies are awesome" Brendan Eich presentation at JSConf</a> (<a class="external" href="http://www.slideshare.net/BrendanEich/metaprog-5303821">slides</a>)</li>
+ <li><a class="external" href="http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:proxies">ECMAScript Harmony Proxy proposal page</a> and <a class="external" href="http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:proxies_semantics">ECMAScript Harmony proxy semantics page</a></li>
+ <li><a class="external" href="http://soft.vub.ac.be/~tvcutsem/proxies/">Tutorial on proxies</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Old_Proxy_API" title="/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Old_Proxy_API">SpiderMonkey specific Old Proxy API</a></li>
+ <li>{{jsxref("Object.watch()")}} is a non-standard feature but has been supported in Gecko for a long time.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h2 id="Licensing_note">Licensing note</h2>
+
+<p>Some content (text, examples) in this page has been copied or adapted from the <a class="external" href="http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php">ECMAScript wiki</a> which content is licensed <a class="external" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/">CC 2.0 BY-NC-SA</a>.</p>
diff --git a/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/handler/getownpropertydescriptor/index.html b/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/proxy/getownpropertydescriptor/index.html
index 6c050f7f0a..3a32edd2c9 100644
--- a/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/handler/getownpropertydescriptor/index.html
+++ b/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/proxy/getownpropertydescriptor/index.html
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
---
title: handler.getOwnPropertyDescriptor()
-slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/getOwnPropertyDescriptor
+slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/Proxy/getOwnPropertyDescriptor
tags:
- ECMAScript 2015
- JavaScript
- Proxy
- metodo
translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/Proxy/getOwnPropertyDescriptor
+original_slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/getOwnPropertyDescriptor
---
<div>{{JSRef}}</div>
diff --git a/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/handler/index.html b/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/proxy/index.html
index 2be6abb116..695cf4ce22 100644
--- a/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/handler/index.html
+++ b/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/proxy/index.html
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
title: Proxy handler
-slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler
+slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/Proxy
tags:
- ECMAScript 2015
- JavaScript
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ tags:
- TopicStub
translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/Proxy
translation_of_original: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler
+original_slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler
---
<div>{{JSRef}}</div>
diff --git a/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/handler/set/index.html b/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/proxy/set/index.html
index ee5ac155e7..2ab7598376 100644
--- a/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/handler/set/index.html
+++ b/files/es/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/proxy/proxy/set/index.html
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
---
title: handler.set()
-slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/set
+slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/Proxy/set
tags:
- ECMAScript 2015
- JavaScript
- Proxy
- metodo
translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/Proxy/set
+original_slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/handler/set
---
<div>{{JSRef}}</div>