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+---
+title: const
+slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const
+tags:
+  - const
+  - מה זה const
+  - משתנים
+translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const
+---
+<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div>
+
+<div>מילת ההצהרה <strong><code>const</code></strong> משמשת להכזרה על משתנה קבוע שאין אפשרות לשנות את הערך שלו.<br>
+ </div>
+
+<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/statement-const.html")}}</div>
+
+
+
+<h2 id="תחביר">תחביר</h2>
+
+<pre class="syntaxbox">const <em>name1 = <em>value1 [</em>, <em>name2</em> = <em>value2</em><em> [</em>, ... [</em>, <em>nameN</em> = <em>valueN]]]</em>;</pre>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt><code>nameN</code></dt>
+ <dd>שם המשתנה.</dd>
+ <dt><code>valueN</code></dt>
+ <dd>הערך של המשתנה.</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h2 id="תיאור">תיאור</h2>
+
+<p>בשפת ג'אווה סקריפט אנו משתמשים במשתנים על מנת להחזיק ערכים שונים.<br>
+ הצהרה על משתנה באמצעות <strong><code>const</code></strong> הופכת אותו לקבוע ולא ניתן לשנות את הערך שלו.<br>
+ הקצאת ערך למשתנה ללא הצהרה מראש הופכת אותו למשתנה גלובלי, אך בשונה מהצהרה באמצעות <strong><code>var</code></strong> הוא אינו כפוף לאובייקט האב <strong><code>window</code></strong>.<br>
+ חשוב לציין שהצהרה באמצעות const לא מבצעת <a href="/he/docs/">Hoisting</a>.</p>
+
+<h2 id="דוגמאות">דוגמאות</h2>
+
+<p>הדוגמה הבאה ממחישה כיצד מתנהגים משתנים קבועים.</p>
+
+<pre class="brush:js">// NOTE: Constants can be declared with uppercase or lowercase, but a common
+// convention is to use all-uppercase letters.
+
+// define MY_FAV as a constant and give it the value 7
+const MY_FAV = 7;
+
+// this will throw an error - Uncaught TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.
+MY_FAV = 20;
+
+// MY_FAV is 7
+console.log('my favorite number is: ' + MY_FAV);
+
+// trying to redeclare a constant throws an error -  Uncaught SyntaxError: Identifier 'MY_FAV' has already been declared
+const MY_FAV = 20;
+
+// the name MY_FAV is reserved for constant above, so this will fail too
+var MY_FAV = 20;
+
+// this throws an error too
+let MY_FAV = 20;
+
+// it's important to note the nature of block scoping
+if (MY_FAV === 7) {
+    // this is fine and creates a block scoped MY_FAV variable
+    // (works equally well with let to declare a block scoped non const variable)
+    let MY_FAV = 20;
+
+    // MY_FAV is now 20
+    console.log('my favorite number is ' + MY_FAV);
+
+    // this gets hoisted into the global context and throws an error
+    var MY_FAV = 20;
+}
+
+// MY_FAV is still 7
+console.log('my favorite number is ' + MY_FAV);
+
+// throws an error - Uncaught SyntaxError: Missing initializer in const declaration
+const FOO;
+
+// const also works on objects
+const MY_OBJECT = {'key': 'value'};
+
+// Attempting to overwrite the object throws an error - Uncaught TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.
+MY_OBJECT = {'OTHER_KEY': 'value'};
+
+// However, object keys are not protected,
+// so the following statement is executed without problem
+MY_OBJECT.key = 'otherValue'; // Use Object.freeze() to make object immutable
+
+// The same applies to arrays
+const MY_ARRAY = [];
+// It's possible to push items into the array
+MY_ARRAY.push('A'); // ["A"]
+// However, assigning a new array to the variable throws an error - Uncaught TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.
+MY_ARRAY = ['B'];</pre>
+
+<h2 id="מפרט">מפרט</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <thead>
+  <tr>
+   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
+   <th scope="col">Status</th>
+   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
+  </tr>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+  <tr>
+   <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-let-and-const-declarations', 'Let and Const Declarations')}}</td>
+   <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td>
+   <td>Initial definition.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+   <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-let-and-const-declarations', 'Let and Const Declarations')}}</td>
+   <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td>
+   <td>No changes.</td>
+  </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="תאימות_דפדפן">תאימות דפדפן</h2>
+
+
+
+<p>{{Compat("javascript.statements.const")}}</p>
+
+<h2 id="ראה_גם">ראה גם</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/he/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/var"><code>var</code></a></li>
+ <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/he/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/let"><code>let</code></a></li>
+</ul>