aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/files/zh-cn/web/css/_colon_nth-child
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
committerPeter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com>2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500
commit33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060 (patch)
tree51c3e392513ec574331b2d3f85c394445ea803c6 /files/zh-cn/web/css/_colon_nth-child
parent8b66d724f7caf0157093fb09cfec8fbd0c6ad50a (diff)
downloadtranslated-content-33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060.tar.gz
translated-content-33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060.tar.bz2
translated-content-33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060.zip
initial commit
Diffstat (limited to 'files/zh-cn/web/css/_colon_nth-child')
-rw-r--r--files/zh-cn/web/css/_colon_nth-child/index.html218
1 files changed, 218 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/files/zh-cn/web/css/_colon_nth-child/index.html b/files/zh-cn/web/css/_colon_nth-child/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9cb7fddd6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/files/zh-cn/web/css/_colon_nth-child/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+---
+title: ':nth-child'
+slug: 'Web/CSS/:nth-child'
+tags:
+ - ':nth-child'
+ - CSS
+ - CSS 伪类
+translation_of: 'Web/CSS/:nth-child'
+---
+<div>{{CSSRef}}</div>
+
+<h2 id="Summary" name="Summary">概述</h2>
+
+<p><strong><code>:nth-child(an+b)</code></strong> 这个 <a href="/en-US/docs/CSS/Pseudo-classes">CSS 伪类</a>首先找到所有当前元素的兄弟元素,然后按照位置先后顺序从1开始排序,选择的结果为CSS伪类:nth-child括号中表达式(an+b)匹配到的元素集合(n=0,1,2,3...)。示例:</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><code>0n+3</code> 或简单的 <code>3</code> 匹配第三个元素。</li>
+ <li><code>1n+0</code> 或简单的 <code>n</code> 匹配每个元素。(兼容性提醒:在 Android 浏览器 4.3 以下的版本 <code>n</code> 和 <code>1n</code> 的匹配方式不一致。<code>1n</code> 和 <code>1n+0</code> 是一致的,可根据喜好任选其一来使用。)</li>
+ <li><code>2n+0</code> 或简单的 <code>2n</code> 匹配位置为 2、4、6、8...的元素(n=0时,2n+0=0,第0个元素不存在,因为是从1开始排序)。你可以使用关键字 <strong><code>even</code></strong> 来替换此表达式。</li>
+ <li><code>2n+1</code> 匹配位置为 1、3、5、7...的元素。你可以使用关键字 <strong><code>odd</code></strong> 来替换此表达式。</li>
+ <li><code>3n+4</code> 匹配位置为 4、7、10、13...的元素。</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><code><em>a</em></code> 和 <code><em>b</em></code> 都必须为整数,并且元素的第一个子元素的下标为 1。换言之就是,该伪类匹配所有下标在集合 { an + b; n = 0, 1, 2, ...} 中的子元素。另外需要特别注意的是,<code><em>an</em></code> 必须写在 <code><em>b</em></code> 的前面,不能写成 <code><em>b+an</em></code> 的形式。</p>
+
+<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">语法</h2>
+
+<pre class="syntaxbox">{{csssyntax}}
+</pre>
+
+<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>
+
+<h3 id="选择器示例">选择器示例</h3>
+
+<dl>
+ <dt><code>tr:nth-child(2n+1)</code></dt>
+ <dd>表示HTML表格中的奇数行。</dd>
+ <dt><code>tr:nth-child(odd)</code></dt>
+ <dd>表示HTML表格中的奇数行。</dd>
+ <dt><code>tr:nth-child(2n)</code></dt>
+ <dd>表示HTML表格中的偶数行。</dd>
+ <dt><code>tr:nth-child(even)</code></dt>
+ <dd>表示HTML表格中的偶数行。</dd>
+ <dt><code>span:nth-child(0n+1)</code></dt>
+ <dd>表示子元素中第一个且为span的元素,与 <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #4d4e53; font-family: open sans,arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">{{Cssxref(":first-child")}} </span>选择器作用相同。</dd>
+ <dt><code>span:nth-child(1)</code></dt>
+ <dd>表示父元素中子元素为第一的并且名字为span的标签被选中</dd>
+ <dt><code>span:nth-child(-n+3)</code></dt>
+ <dd>匹配前三个子元素中的span元素。</dd>
+</dl>
+
+<h3 id="Detailed_example">Detailed example</h3>
+
+<h4 id="HTML">HTML</h4>
+
+<pre class="brush:html">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;span:nth-child(2n+1)&lt;/code&gt;, WITHOUT an
+ &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; among the child elements.&lt;/h3&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Children 1, 3, 5, and 7 are selected.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;div class="first"&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span 1!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span 2&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span 3!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span 4&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span 5!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span 6&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span 7!&lt;/span&gt;
+&lt;/div&gt;
+
+&lt;br&gt;
+
+&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;span:nth-child(2n+1)&lt;/code&gt;, WITH an
+ &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; among the child elements.&lt;/h3&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Children 1, 5, and 7 are selected.&lt;br&gt;
+ 3 is used in the counting because it is a child, but it isn't
+ selected because it isn't a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;div class="second"&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;em&gt;This is an `em`.&lt;/em&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span&lt;/span&gt;
+&lt;/div&gt;
+
+&lt;br&gt;
+
+&lt;h3&gt;&lt;code&gt;span:nth-of-type(2n+1)&lt;/code&gt;, WITH an
+ &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; among the child elements.&lt;/h3&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Children 1, 4, 6, and 8 are selected.&lt;br&gt;
+ 3 isn't used in the counting or selected because it is an &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;,
+ not a &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;nth-of-type&lt;/code&gt; only selects
+ children of that type. The &lt;code&gt;&amp;lt;em&amp;gt;&lt;/code&gt; is completely skipped
+ over and ignored.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;div class="third"&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;em&gt;This is an `em`.&lt;/em&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span!&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;span&gt;Span!&lt;/span&gt;
+&lt;/div&gt;
+</pre>
+
+<h4 id="CSS">CSS</h4>
+
+<pre class="brush: css">html {
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+span,
+div em {
+ padding: 5px;
+ border: 1px solid green;
+ display: inline-block;
+ margin-bottom: 3px;
+}
+
+.first span:nth-child(2n+1),
+.second span:nth-child(2n+1),
+.third span:nth-of-type(2n+1) {
+ background-color: lime;
+}</pre>
+
+<h4 id="最终效果:">最终效果:</h4>
+
+<p>{{EmbedLiveSample('Detailed_example', 550, 550)}}</p>
+
+
+
+<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <thead>
+ <tr>
+ <th scope="col">规范</th>
+ <th scope="col">状态</th>
+ <th scope="col">备注</th>
+ </tr>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('CSS4 Selectors', '#nth-child-pseudo', ':nth-child')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('CSS4 Selectors')}}</td>
+ <td>未变化。</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>{{SpecName('CSS3 Selectors', '#nth-child-pseudo', ':nth-child')}}</td>
+ <td>{{Spec2('CSS3 Selectors')}}</td>
+ <td>初始化定义。</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="兼容性">兼容性</h2>
+
+<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p>
+
+<div id="compat-desktop">
+<table class="compat-table">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Feature</th>
+ <th>Chrome</th>
+ <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
+ <th>Internet Explorer</th>
+ <th>Opera</th>
+ <th>Safari</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Basic support</td>
+ <td>1.0</td>
+ <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9.1")}}</td>
+ <td>9.0</td>
+ <td>9.5</td>
+ <td>3.1<span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5;"> </span></td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+<div id="compat-mobile">
+<table class="compat-table">
+ <tbody>
+ <tr>
+ <th>Feature</th>
+ <th>Android</th>
+ <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
+ <th>IE Mobile</th>
+ <th>Opera Mobile</th>
+ <th>Safari Mobile</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Basic support</td>
+ <td>2.1</td>
+ <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.9.1")}}</td>
+ <td>9.0</td>
+ <td>9.5</td>
+ <td>3.1</td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+<h2 id="注意">注意</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>Opera 不能处理动态插入的元素。</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h2 id="参见">参见</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-of-type") }}, {{ Cssxref(":nth-last-child") }}</li>
+</ul>