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| author | Peter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com> | 2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500 |
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| committer | Peter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com> | 2020-12-08 14:40:17 -0500 |
| commit | 33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060 (patch) | |
| tree | 51c3e392513ec574331b2d3f85c394445ea803c6 /files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/encodeuri | |
| parent | 8b66d724f7caf0157093fb09cfec8fbd0c6ad50a (diff) | |
| download | translated-content-33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060.tar.gz translated-content-33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060.tar.bz2 translated-content-33058f2b292b3a581333bdfb21b8f671898c5060.zip | |
initial commit
Diffstat (limited to 'files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/encodeuri')
| -rw-r--r-- | files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/encodeuri/index.html | 170 |
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diff --git a/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/encodeuri/index.html b/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/encodeuri/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8f3db7a445 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/zh-cn/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/encodeuri/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ +--- +title: encodeURI() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURI +tags: + - JavaScript + - URI + - decodeURI + - encodeURI + - 统一资源定位符 +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/encodeURI +--- +<div>{{jsSidebar("Objects")}}</div> + +<p><code><strong>encodeURI()</strong></code> 函数通过将特定字符的每个实例替换为一个、两个、三或四转义序列来对统一资源标识符 (URI) 进行编码 (该字符的 UTF-8 编码仅为四转义序列)由两个 "代理" 字符组成)。</p> + +<h2 id="语法">语法</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>encodeURI(<em>URI</em>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="参数">参数</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>URI</code></dt> + <dd>一个完整的URI.</dd> + <dt> + <h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3> + + <p> 一个新字符串, 表示提供的字符串编码为统一资源标识符 (URI)。</p> + </dt> +</dl> + +<h2 id="描述">描述</h2> + +<p>假定一个URI是完整的URI,那么无需对那些保留的并且在URI中有特殊意思的字符进行编码。</p> + +<pre><code>http://username:password@www.example.com:80/path/to/file.php?foo=316&bar=this+has+spaces#anchor</code></pre> + +<p><code>encodeURI</code> 会替换所有的字符,但不包括以下字符,即使它们具有适当的UTF-8转义序列:</p> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td class="header">类型</td> + <td class="header">包含</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>保留字符</td> + <td><code>;</code> <code>,</code> <code>/</code> <code>?</code> <code>:</code> <code>@</code> <code>&</code> <code>=</code> <code>+</code> <code>$</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>非转义的字符</td> + <td>字母 数字 <code>-</code> <code>_</code> <code>.</code> <code>!</code> <code>~</code> <code>*</code> <code>'</code> <code>(</code> <code>)</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>数字符号</td> + <td><code>#</code></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>请注意,<code>encodeURI</code> 自身<em>无法</em>产生能适用于HTTP GET 或 POST 请求的URI,例如对于 XMLHTTPRequests, 因为 "&", "+", 和 "=" 不会被编码,然而在 GET 和 POST 请求中它们是特殊字符。然而{{jsxref("encodeURIComponent")}}这个方法会对这些字符编码。</p> + +<p>另外,如果试图编码一个非高-低位完整的代理字符,将会抛出一个 {{jsxref("URIError")}} 错误,例如:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// 编码高-低位完整字符 ok +console.log(encodeURI('\uD800\uDFFF')); + +// 编码单独的高位字符抛出 "Uncaught URIError: URI malformed" +console.log(encodeURI('\uD800')); + +// 编码单独的低位字符抛出 "Uncaught URIError: URI malformed" +console.log(encodeURI('\uDFFF'));</pre> + +<p>并且需要注意,如果URL需要遵循较新的<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986">RFC3986</a>标准,那么方括号是被保留的(给IPv6),因此对于那些没有被编码的URL部分(例如主机),可以使用下面的代码:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function fixedEncodeURI (str) { + return encodeURI(str).replace(/%5B/g, '[').replace(/%5D/g, ']'); +}</pre> + +<h2 id="规范">规范</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">规范</th> + <th scope="col">状态</th> + <th scope="col">备注</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>初始定义</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.1.3.3', 'encodeURI')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-encodeuri-uri', 'encodeURI')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-encodeuri-uri', 'encodeURI')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>特性</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>基础功能</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>特性</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>基础功能</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="相关链接">相关链接</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("decodeURI")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("encodeURIComponent")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("decodeURIComponent")}}</li> +</ul> |
