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author | Peter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com> | 2020-12-08 14:43:23 -0500 |
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committer | Peter Bengtsson <mail@peterbe.com> | 2020-12-08 14:43:23 -0500 |
commit | 218934fa2ed1c702a6d3923d2aa2cc6b43c48684 (patch) | |
tree | a9ef8ac1e1b8fe4207b6d64d3841bfb8990b6fd0 /files/zh-tw/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/splice | |
parent | 074785cea106179cb3305637055ab0a009ca74f2 (diff) | |
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diff --git a/files/zh-tw/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/splice/index.html b/files/zh-tw/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/splice/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2cb76617b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/zh-tw/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/splice/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.splice() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/splice +tags: + - Array + - JavaScript + - Method + - Prototype + - Reference +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/splice +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p><code><strong>splice()</strong></code> 方法可以藉由刪除既有元素並/或加入新元素來改變一個陣列的內容。</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/array-splice.html")}}</div> + +<h2 id="語法">語法</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>array</var>.splice(<var>start[</var>, <var>deleteCount[</var>, <var>item1[</var>, <var>item2[</var>, <em>...]]]]</em>) +</pre> + +<h3 id="參數">參數</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>start</code></dt> + <dd>陣列中要開始改動的元素索引(起始為 0)。若索引大於陣列長度,則實際開始的索引值會被設為陣列長度。若索引為負,則會從陣列中最後一個元素開始往前改動(起始為 -1)且若其絕對值大於陣列的長度,則會被設為 0。</dd> + <dt><code>deleteCount</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>一個表示欲刪除的原陣列元素數量的整數。</dd> + <dd>若省略了 <code>deleteCount</code>,或假如其值大於 <code>array.length - start</code>(也就是 <code>deleteCount</code> 大於 <code>start</code> 算起的剩餘元素數量),則所有從 <code>start</code> 開始到陣列中最後一個元素都會被刪除。</dd> + <dd>若 <code>deleteCount</code> 為 0 或是負數,則不會有元素被刪除。 因此,你應該給定至少一個欲加入的新元素(見下方說明)。</dd> + <dt><code>item1, item2, <em>...</em></code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>從 <code>start</code> 開始,要加入到陣列的元素。 如果你沒有指定任何元素,則 <code>splice()</code> 只會依照 <code>start</code> 和 <code>deleteCount</code> 刪除陣列的元素。</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="回傳值">回傳值</h3> + +<p>一個包含被刪除的元素陣列。如果只有一個元素被刪除,依舊是回傳包含一個元素的陣列。 倘若沒有元素被刪除,則會回傳空陣列。</p> + +<h2 id="說明">說明</h2> + +<p>如果你插入的元素數量和刪除的數量不同,則回傳的陣列長度也會和原先的不同。</p> + +<h2 id="範例">範例</h2> + +<h3 id="從索引_2_的位置開始,刪除_0_個元素並插入「drum」">從索引 2 的位置開始,刪除 0 個元素並插入「drum」</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(2, 0, 'drum'); + +// myFish 為 ["angel", "clown", "drum", "mandarin", "sturgeon"] +// removed 為 [], 沒有元素被刪除 +</pre> + +<h3 id="從索引_3_的位置開始,刪除_1_個元素">從索引 3 的位置開始,刪除 1 個元素</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'drum', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(3, 1); + +// removed 為 ["mandarin"] +// myFish 為 ["angel", "clown", "drum", "sturgeon"] +</pre> + +<h3 id="從索引_2_的位置開始,刪除_1_個元素並插入「trumpet」">從索引 2 的位置開始,刪除 1 個元素並插入「trumpet」</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'drum', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(2, 1, 'trumpet'); + +// myFish 為 ["angel", "clown", "trumpet", "sturgeon"] +// removed 為 ["drum"]</pre> + +<h3 id="從索引_0_的位置開始,刪除_2_個元素並插入「parrot」、「anemone」和「blue」">從索引 0 的位置開始,刪除 2 個元素並插入「parrot」、「anemone」和「blue」</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'trumpet', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(0, 2, 'parrot', 'anemone', 'blue'); + +// myFish 為 ["parrot", "anemone", "blue", "trumpet", "sturgeon"] +// removed 為 ["angel", "clown"]</pre> + +<h3 id="從索引_2_的位置開始,刪除_2_個元素">從索引 2 的位置開始,刪除 2 個元素</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['parrot', 'anemone', 'blue', 'trumpet', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(myFish.length - 3, 2); + +// myFish 為 ["parrot", "anemone", "sturgeon"] +// removed 為 ["blue", "trumpet"]</pre> + +<h3 id="從索引_-2_的位置開始,刪除_1_個元素">從索引 -2 的位置開始,刪除 1 個元素</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(-2, 1); + +// myFish 為 ["angel", "clown", "sturgeon"] +// removed 為 ["mandarin"]</pre> + +<h3 id="從索引_2_的位置開始,刪除所有元素(含索引_2)">從索引 2 的位置開始,刪除所有元素(含索引 2)</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myFish = ['angel', 'clown', 'mandarin', 'sturgeon']; +var removed = myFish.splice(2); + +// myFish 為 ["angel", "clown"] +// removed 為 ["mandarin", "sturgeon"]</pre> + +<h2 id="規範">規範</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">規範</th> + <th scope="col">狀態</th> + <th scope="col">備註</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES3')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES3')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.12', 'Array.prototype.splice')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.splice', 'Array.prototype.splice')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.splice', 'Array.prototype.splice')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="瀏覽器相容性">瀏覽器相容性</h2> + +<div> + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.splice")}}</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="參見">參見</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.push()", "push()")}} / {{jsxref("Array.prototype.pop()", "pop()")}} — add/remove elements from the end of the array</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.unshift()", "unshift()")}} / {{jsxref("Array.prototype.shift()", "shift()")}} — add/remove elements from the beginning of the array</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.concat()", "concat()")}} — returns a new array comprised of this array joined with other array(s) and/or value(s)</li> +</ul> |