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diff --git a/files/es/conflicting/learn/css/building_blocks/selectors/index.html b/files/es/conflicting/learn/css/building_blocks/selectors/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9ebe3573e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/es/conflicting/learn/css/building_blocks/selectors/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,416 @@ +--- +title: Selectores +slug: Web/CSS/Introducción/Selectors +translation_of: Learn/CSS/Building_blocks/Selectors +translation_of_original: Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_started/Selectors +--- +<p>{{ CSSTutorialTOC() }}</p> + +<p>{{ previousPage("/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_Started/Cascading_and_inheritance", "Cascading & inheritance")}}<span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Esta</span> <span class="hps">es</span> <span class="hps">la sección</span> <span class="hps">quinta</span> <span class="hps">del</span> </span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">tutoria</span></span><span class="seoSummary"><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_Started" title="en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting Started">CSS Getting Started</a> ;</span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">En él se explica</span> <span class="hps">cómo se puede aplicar</span> <span class="hps">estilos</span> <span class="hps">de forma selectiva</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">y cómo</span> <span class="hps">los diferentes tipos de</span> <span class="hps">selectores</span> <span class="hps">tener diferentes</span> <span class="hps">prioridades.</span> <span class="hps">Agregar algunos</span> <span class="hps">atributos a</span> <span class="hps">las</span> <span class="hps">etiquetas</span> <span class="hps">en su</span> <span class="hps">documento de muestra</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">y</span> <span class="hps">utiliza estos</span> <span class="hps">atributos en</span> <span class="hps">su hoja de estilos</span> <span class="hps">de muestra.</span></span></p> + +<h2 class="clearLeft" id="Información_Selectores"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Información:</span> <span class="hps">Selectores</span></span></h2> + +<p><br> + <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">CSS</span> <span class="hps">tiene su propia terminología</span> <span class="hps">para describir el</span> <span class="hps">lenguaje CSS</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Anteriormente</span> <span class="hps">en este tutorial,</span> <span class="hps">que ha creado</span> <span class="hps">una línea en</span> <span class="hps">su hoja de estilos</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">como esta:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: css">strong { + color: red; +} +</pre> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">En la terminología de</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">toda</span> <span class="hps">esta línea</span> <span class="hps">es una </span></span><em><code><strong>rule </strong></code>(</em><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">regla).</span> <span class="hps">Esta regla</span> <span class="hps">comienza con</span> </span><strong><em><code>strong</code></em></strong><span lang="es"><span>, que es un</span> <span class="hps">selector.</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">Permite seleccionar</span> <span class="hps">qué elementos</span> <span class="hps">en el DOM</span> <span class="hps">se aplica la regla</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<div class="tuto_details"> +<div class="tuto_type"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Más</span> <span class="hps">detalles</span></span></div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">La parte</span> <span class="hps">interior de las</span> <span class="hps">llaves</span> <span class="hps">es la declaración</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps"> L</span><span class="hps alt-edited">a palabra clave es </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><code><em><span class="hps">color</span></em></code>, que </span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">es</span> <span class="hps">una propiedad,</span> <span class="hps">y el <code><em>rojo </em></code>es</span> <span class="hps">el valor.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">El punto y coma</span> <span class="hps">después de el</span> <span class="hps">par</span> <span class="hps">propiedad</span><span class="atn">-</span><span>valor</span> <span class="hps">separa los posibles </span><span class="hps">otros pares de </span> <span class="hps">propiedad</span><span>-valor en</span> una <span class="hps">misma declaración.</span></span></p> + +<p> <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Este tutorial</span> <span class="hps">se refiere a</span> <span class="hps">un selector</span> <span class="hps">como</span> </span><em><strong><code>strong</code> </strong></em><span lang="es"><span class="hps">como un</span> <span class="hps">selector de etiquetas</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">La</span> <span class="hps">especificación</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span> <span class="hps">se refiere a él como</span> <span class="hps">un selector de</span> <span class="hps">tipo <code><strong>(</strong></code></span></span><code><strong> type selector)</strong></code><span lang="es"><span>.</span></span></p> +</div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">En esta página</span> <span class="hps">del tutorial</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">se explica</span> <span class="hps">más acerca de los</span> <span class="hps">selectores</span> <span class="hps">que se pueden utilizar</span> <span class="hps">en</span> <span class="hps">las reglas CSS</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Además de añadir </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">nombres a las e</span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">tiquetas</span> <span>, puede usar </span><span class="hps alt-edited">valores en los atributos</span> de <span class="hps">los selectores</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Esto permite que sus</span> <span class="hps">reglas sean</span> <span class="hps">más específicas.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Dos</span> <span class="hps">atributos tienen</span> <span class="hps">un estatus especial</span> <span class="hps">para</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Son</span></span> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes#attr-class" title="en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes#attr-class"><code>class</code></a> <code>e </code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes#id" title="en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes#id"><code>id</code></a>.</p> + +<h3 id="Class_Selectores_de_clase">Class: <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Selectores de clase</span></span></h3> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Utilice el</span> <span class="hps">atributo</span></span> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes#attr-class" title="en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes#attr-class"><code>class</code></a> para <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">asignarle a </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">un elemento</span> un nombre de clase<code><strong><em> (class)</em></strong></code></span>. <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Depende de</span><span class="hps">l</span><span class="hps"> nombre que elijas</span> como <span class="hps"><code><strong><em>class</em></strong></code>.</span></span> <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Múltiples</span> <span class="hps">elementos en un documento</span> <span class="hps">pueden tener el mismo</span> <span class="hps">valor de la clase</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">En</span> <span class="hps">su hoja de estilo</span><span>, escriba</span> <span class="hps atn">un punto (.</span><span>)</span> <span class="hps">antes del </span><span class="hps">nombre de la clase</span>,<span class="hps"> cuando</span> <span class="hps">se utiliza como </span><span class="hps">un selector.</span></span></p> + +<h3 id="Selectores_ID"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Selectores ID</span></span></h3> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Utilice el atributo</span> <span class="hps">id en</span> <span class="hps">un elemento</span> <span class="hps">para asignar un</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">identificación para</span> ese <span class="hps">elemento</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Depende de</span> usted el <span class="hps">nombre que elija</span> <span class="hps">para el ID</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">El nombre de</span> <span class="hps">ID</span> <span class="hps">debe ser único</span> <span class="hps">en el documento.</span></span><br> + </p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">En</span> <span class="hps">su hoja de estilo</span><span>, escriba un</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">símbolo de almohadilla</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span><span class="alt-edited">#)</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">ante el</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">ID cuando</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">se utiliza esto en</span> <span class="hps">un selector.</span></span></p> + +<div class="tuto_example"> +<div class="tuto_type">Ejemplo</div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Esta etiqueta</span> <span class="hps">HTML</span> <span class="hps">tiene un</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">atributo <code>class</code></span><code> </code><span class="hps">y un atributo</span> <span class="hps"><code>id</code>:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: html"><p class="key" id="principal"> +</pre> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">El</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">valor de <code><em><strong>id </strong></em></code>es</span><span class="alt-edited">, <strong>principal</strong>,</span> <span class="hps">debe ser único</span> <span class="hps">en el documento;</span> <span class="hps">pero</span> <span class="hps">otras</span> <span class="hps">etiquetas del documento</span> <span class="hps">puede tener el mismo</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">nombre de la <strong><em><code>class</code></em></strong></span><span>,</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">Key.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">En</span> <span class="hps">una hoja de estilo</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">esta regla</span> <span class="hps">hace que todos</span> <span class="hps">los elementos con la <code><em>class</em></code></span><code><em> </em></code><span class="hps"><code><em><strong>key </strong></em></code>sean verdes</span> <span>.</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span><span>Puede ser que no</span> <span class="hps">todos los sean</span> <span class="hps atn">{</span><span class="atn">{</span><span>HTMLElement</span> <span class="hps">()</span><span>}</span> <span class="hps">"p"</span><span>}</span> <span class="hps">elementos.</span><span>)</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: css">.key { + color: green; +} +</pre> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Esta regla</span> <span class="hps">hace que</span> <span class="hps">el </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">único </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps"> </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">elemento</span> </span><span id="result_box" lang="es"> <span class="hps alt-edited">de id </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><code><strong><em><span class="hps alt-edited">principal</span></em></strong></code> este en <span class="hps">negrita:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: css">#principal { + font-weight: bolder; +} +</pre> +</div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Si más de una</span> <span class="hps">regla se aplica a</span> <span class="hps">un elemento</span> <span class="hps">y especifica</span> <span class="hps">la misma propiedad,</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">entonces</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">el CSS</span> <span class="hps">da prioridad</span> <span class="hps">a la regla que</span> <span class="hps">tiene el</span> <span class="hps">selector más específico</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Un selector</span> <code><em><strong><span class="hps">ID</span> </strong></em></code><span class="hps">es más específico que</span> <span class="hps">un</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">selector de <em><strong><code>class</code></strong></em></span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">que a su vez</span> <span class="hps">es más específico que</span> <span class="hps">un</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">selector (<strong>tag</strong>) de etiquetas</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<div class="tuto_details"> +<div class="tuto_type"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Más</span> <span class="hps">detalles</span></span></div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">También se pueden combinar</span> <span class="hps">selectores</span><span>, haciendo un</span> <span class="hps">selector más específico</span><span>.</span></span><br> + <br> + Por ejemplo, el selector <strong><em><code>.key</code></em></strong> selecciona <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">todos los</span> <span class="hps">elementos que tienen</span> <code><em><strong><span class="hps">key</span> </strong></em></code>como <span class="hps alt-edited">nombre de clase (<strong><em><code>class</code></em></strong></span></span>). El selector <code><em><strong>p</strong></em>.key</code> <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">selecciona</span> <span class="hps">sólo el elemento</span></span> {{ HTMLElement("p") }} que tiene de nombre <em><strong><code>key</code></strong></em>.</p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Usted no esta </span><span class="hps">limitado a los dos</span> <span class="hps">atributos especiales</span><span>, </span></span><em><strong><code>class</code> </strong></em><span lang="es"><span class="hps">e <em><code><strong>id</strong></code></em></span><span>.</span> Se p<span class="hps">uede especificar</span> <span class="hps">otros atributos</span> <span class="hps">mediante corchetes</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Por ejemplo</span><span>, el selector</span> <span class="hps atn">[</span></span><strong><em><code>type='button'</code></em></strong><span lang="es"><span>] selecciona</span> <span class="hps">todos los</span> <span class="hps">elementos que tienen</span> <span class="hps">un atributo de tipo</span> <span class="hps">con el </span> <span class="hps">valor </span></span><strong><em><code>button</code></em></strong><span lang="es"><span>.</span></span></p> +</div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Si</span> <span class="hps">la hoja de estilo</span> <span class="hps">tiene reglas</span> <span class="hps">en conflicto</span> <span class="hps">y son</span> <span class="hps">igualmente específicas</span><span>, entonces</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">el CSS</span> <span class="hps">da</span> <span class="hps">prioridad a</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">la regla que</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">está</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">después en</span> <span class="hps">la hoja de estilos</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Cuando</span> <span class="hps">usted tiene un problema</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">con las reglas</span> <span class="hps">en conflicto,</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">trate de resolverlo</span> <span class="hps">haciendo</span> <span class="hps">una de las</span> <span class="hps">normas más específicas</span><span>, para que</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">tenga </span><span class="hps">prioridad.</span> <span class="hps">Si usted no puede</span> <span class="hps">hacer esto</span><span>, trate de mover</span> <span class="hps">una de las reglas</span> mas <span class="hps alt-edited">cerca del</span> <span class="hps">final de</span> <span class="hps">la hoja de estilos</span> <span class="hps">para que tenga</span> la <span class="hps">prioridad.</span></span></p> + +<h3 id="Las_pseudo-clases_de_los_selectores"><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps atn">Las pseudo-</span><span>clases de</span> los <span class="hps">selectores </span></span></h3> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Una</span> <span class="hps">pseudo-clase </span></span> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Pseudo-classes" title="en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Pseudo-classes">pseudo-class</a><span lang="es"> <span class="hps alt-edited">es en CSS</span> <span class="hps">una palabra clave</span> <span class="hps">añadida a</span> <span class="hps">los selectores,</span> <span class="hps">que especifica</span> <span class="hps">un estado especial</span> <span class="hps">del elemento</span> <span class="hps">a seleccionar.</span> <span class="hps">Por ejemplo</span> <span class="hps atn">{</span><span class="atn">{</span><span>Css</span> <span class="hps">Href</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span><span class="hps atn">"</span><span>: hover</span><span>")}</span><span>}</span> <span class="hps">aplicará</span> <span class="hps">un estilo</span> <span class="hps">cuando el</span> <span class="hps">usuario se desplaza sobre</span> <span class="hps">el elemento especificado</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">mediante el selector</span></span>.</p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Las </span></span><code>Pseudo-classes</code><span lang="es"><span>,</span> <span class="hps">junto con</span> <span class="hps">los <code>pseudo-elements</code></span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">permiten aplicar</span> <span class="hps">un estilo</span> <span class="hps">a un elemento</span> <span class="hps">no sólo</span> <span class="hps">en relación con</span> <span class="hps">el contenido</span> <span class="hps">de</span> <span class="hps">la estructura del documento</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">sino también en relación</span> <span class="hps">a los factores externos</span><span>, como</span> <span class="hps">la historia del</span> <span class="hps atn">navegador </span><span>por ejemplo:</span><span class="hps atn"> (</span><span class="atn">{</span><span class="atn">{</span><span>href</span> <span class="hps">css</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span><span class="hps atn">"</span><span class="hps">: visited</span> <span class="hps">")}</span><span>}</span><span>, )</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">el estado de</span> <span class="hps">su contenido</span> <span class="hps">(como</span> <span class="hps atn">{</span><span class="atn">{</span><span>ref</span> <span class="hps">css</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span><span>"</span><span>: </span></span>:checked"<span lang="es"><span class="hps">)}</span><span>} en</span> <span class="hps">algunos</span> <span class="hps">elementos de formulario</span><span>)</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">o</span> <span class="hps">la posición del</span> <span class="hps">ratón</span> <span class="hps">(como</span> <span class="hps atn">{</span><span class="atn">{</span><span>cssxref</span> <span class="hps">("</span></span>:hover<span lang="es"> <span class="hps">")}</span><span>}</span> <span class="hps">que le permite saber</span> <span class="hps">si</span> <span class="hps">el ratón está sobre</span> <span class="hps">un elemento o</span> <span class="hps">no).</span> <span class="hps">Para ver</span> <span class="hps">una lista completa de</span> <span class="hps">selectores</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">visite</span> <span class="hps">especificación</span> <span class="hps">CSS3</span> <span class="hps">Selectores</span> <span class="hps">de trabajo </span></span> <a class="external" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#selectors" rel="external nofollow" title="CSS3 Selectors working spec">CSS3 Selectors working spec</a>.</p> + +<div class="tuto_example"> +<div class="tuto_type"><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Sintaxis</span></span></div> + +<pre class="brush:css">selector:pseudo-class { + property: value; +} +</pre> +</div> + +<h4 id="Listado_de_pseudo-classes">Listado de pseudo-classes:</h4> + +<ul> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":link") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":visited") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":active") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":hover") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":focus") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":first-child") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":last-child") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-child") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-last-child") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":nth-of-type") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":first-of-type") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":last-of-type") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":empty") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":target") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":checked") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":enabled") }}</li> + <li>{{ Cssxref(":disabled") }}</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="Información_Los_selectores_basados_en_relaciones_(relationships)"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Información:</span> <span class="hps">Los selectores</span> <span class="hps">basados en relaciones </span></span>(relationships)</h2> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">El CSS</span> <span class="hps">tiene algunas</span> <span class="hps">formas de seleccionar</span> <span class="hps">elementos en función de</span> <span class="hps">las</span> <span class="hps">relaciones entre los elementos</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps">Usted</span> <span class="hps">puede utilizar estas para</span> <span class="hps">hacer</span> <span class="hps">selectores</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">que sean más específicos</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<table id="relselectors"> + <caption><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Selectores</span> <span class="hps">comunes</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">basados en relaciones</span></span></caption> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td style="width: 10em;"><strong>Selector</strong></td> + <td><strong>Selects</strong></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>A E</code></td> + <td><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Cualquier</span> <span class="hps">elemento E</span> <span class="hps">que</span> <span class="hps">es un descendiente de</span> <span class="hps">un elemento</span> <span class="hps atn">A (</span><span>que</span> <span class="hps">es:</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">un hijo o</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">un hijo</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">de un hijo</span> <span class="hps">etc.</span><span>)</span></span></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>A > E</code></td> + <td><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Cualquier</span> <span class="hps">elemento E</span> <span class="hps">que</span> <span class="hps">es un hijo de</span> <span class="hps">un elemento A</span></span></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>E:first-child</code></td> + <td><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Cualquier</span> <span class="hps">elemento E</span> <span class="hps">que</span> <span class="hps">es el primer</span> <span class="hps">hijo de su padre</span></span></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>B + E</code></td> + <td><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Cualquier</span> <span class="hps">elemento E</span> <span class="hps">que</span> <span class="hps">es</span> <span class="hps">el siguiente hermano</span> <span class="hps">de un elemento</span> <span class="hps">B</span> <span class="hps">(es decir</span><span>:</span> <span class="hps">el</span> <span class="hps">próximo hijo</span> <span class="hps">del mismo</span> <span class="hps">padre)</span></span></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Usted</span> <span class="hps">puede combinarlas para</span> <span class="hps">expresar relaciones</span> <span class="hps">complejas</span><span>.</span><br> + <br> + <span class="hps">También puede utilizar</span> <span class="hps">el símbolo</span> <span class="hps">asterisco </span></span><span lang="es"> <span class="hps">(*</span><span>)</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">para significar</span> <span class="hps atn">"</span><span>cualquier elemento</span><span>"</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<div class="tuto_example"> +<div class="tuto_type">Ejemplo</div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Una tabla HTML</span> <span class="hps">tiene</span> <span class="hps">un atributo <strong><em><code>id</code></em></strong></span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">pero sus</span> <span class="hps">filas y</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">las celdas</span> <span class="hps">no tienen</span> <span class="hps">identificadores individuales</span><span>:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: html"><table id="data-table-1"> +... +<tr> +<td>Prefix</td> +<td>0001</td> +<td>default</td> +</tr> +... +</pre> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Estas</span> <span class="hps">reglas hacen</span> <span class="hps">que la primera celda de</span> <span class="hps">cada fila</span> sea en <span class="hps">negrita,</span> <span class="hps">y</span> <span class="hps">la segunda celda</span> de <span class="hps">cada fila</span> en la familia de fuente <span class="hps"> monoespaciado</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">Esto</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">sólo afecta a</span> <span class="hps">una</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">tabla concreta</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">del documento:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush:css"> #data-table-1 td:first-child {font-weight: bolder;} + #data-table-1 td:first-child + td {font-family: monospace;} +</pre> + +<p><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">El resultado</span> <span class="hps">se ve así:</span></span></p> + +<table style="border: 2px outset #36b; padding: 1em; background-color: white;"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td> + <table style="width: 18em; margin-right: 2em;"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td><strong>Prefix</strong></td> + <td><code>0001</code></td> + <td>default</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div class="tuto_details"> +<div class="tuto_type"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Más</span> <span class="hps">detalles</span></span></div> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">La manera mas </span><span class="hps">habitual es hacer</span><span class="hps alt-edited"> que un</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">selector sea más específico</span><span>, entonces</span> aumentara <span class="hps">su prioridad.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Si utiliza</span> <span class="hps">estas técnicas</span><span>, se evita</span> <span class="hps">la necesidad de especificar</span> <span class="hps">la</span></span> <strong><em><code>class</code> </em></strong><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">o</span> <span class="hps">atributos <strong><em><code>ID</code></em></strong></span></span><strong><em><code> </code></em></strong><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">en muchas</span> <span class="hps">etiquetas</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">del documento.</span> <span class="hps">En su lugar</span><span>, CSS</span> <span class="hps">hace este trabajo.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">En grandes</span> <span class="hps">diseños</span> <span class="hps">donde la velocidad es</span> <span class="hps">importante</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">usted puede hacer sus</span> <span class="hps">hojas de estilo</span> <span class="hps">más eficiente</span> <span class="hps">evitando</span> <span class="hps">reglas complejas</span> <span class="hps">que dependen de</span> <span class="hps">relaciones entre los elementos</span><span>.</span></span></p> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Para más ejemplos</span> <span class="hps">sobre</span> <span class="hps">las tablas</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">ver</span></span> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_Started/Tables" title="en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_Started/Tables">Tables</a> <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">en</span> <span class="hps">la página</span> <span class="hps">CSS Reference</span><span>.</span></span></p> +</div> + +<h2 id="Action_Using_class_and_ID_selectors">Action: Using class and ID selectors</h2> + +<ol> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Edite su archivo</span> <span class="hps">HTML</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">y duplicar</span> <span class="hps">el</span> <span class="hps">párrafo</span> <span class="hps">copiando y</span> <span class="hps">pegando</span><span>.</span></span></li> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">A continuación, agregue los atibutos </span></span> <strong>id</strong> y <strong>class</strong> <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">a</span> <span class="hps">la primera copia</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">y</span> <span class="hps">un atributopara</span> <span class="hps">la segunda copia</span> <span class="hps">como se muestra</span> <span class="hps">a continuación.</span> <span class="hps">Alternativamente</span><span>, copie</span> <span class="hps">y pegue el</span> <span class="hps">archivo entero</span> <span class="hps">de nuevo</span><span>:</span></span> + <pre class="brush: html"><!doctype html> +<html> + <head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"> + <title>Sample document</title> + <link rel="stylesheet" href="style1.css"> + </head> + <body> + <p id="first"> + <strong class="carrot">C</strong>ascading + <strong class="spinach">S</strong>tyle + <strong class="spinach">S</strong>heets + </p> + <p id="second"> + <strong>C</strong>ascading + <strong>S</strong>tyle + <strong>S</strong>heets + </p> + </body> +</html> +</pre> + </li> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Ahora edite</span> <span class="hps">su archivo</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">Reemplazar todo el contenido</span> <span class="hps">con</span><span>:</span></span> + <pre class="brush:css">strong { color: red; } +.carrot { color: orange; } +.spinach { color: green; } +#first { font-style: italic; } +</pre> + </li> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Guarde los archivos</span> <span class="hps">y</span> <span class="hps">actualizar el navegador</span> <span class="hps">para ver el resultado</span><span>:</span></span> + <table style="border: 2px outset #36b; padding: 1em;"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td style="font-style: italic;"><strong style="color: orange;">C</strong>ascading <strong style="color: green;">S</strong>tyle <strong style="color: green;">S</strong>heets</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><strong style="color: red;">C</strong>ascading <strong style="color: red;">S</strong>tyle <strong style="color: red;">S</strong>heets</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + + <p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Puede intentar</span> <span class="hps">reordenar las</span> <span class="hps">líneas</span> <span class="hps">en el archivo</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">de mostrar</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">de que el orden</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">no efecta.</span></span></p> + + <p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Los</span> <span class="hps">selectores de <code>class</code></span></span><strong><em><code>.carrot</code></em></strong> and <em><strong><code>.spinach</code></strong></em> <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">tienen prioridad sobre</span> <span class="hps">el selector de etiquetas</span></span> <em><strong><code>strong</code></strong></em>.</p> + + <p>El <strong><code><em>ID </em></code></strong>selector<code> #<em>first</em></code><em> </em><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">tiene prioridad sobre</span> <span class="hps">los</span> <span class="hps">selectores de clase</span> <span class="hps">y</span> <span class="hps">etiqueta</span><span>.</span></span></p> + </li> +</ol> + +<div class="tuto_example"> +<div class="tuto_type"><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Desafíos</span></span></div> + +<ol> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Sin cambiar</span> <span class="hps">su archivo</span> <span class="hps">HTML</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">agregue una sola</span> <span class="hps">regla para</span> <span class="hps">su archivo</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">que mantenga</span> <span class="hps">todas las letras</span> <span class="hps">iniciales que</span> <span class="hps">mismo color que</span> <span class="hps">están ahora,</span> <span class="hps">pero</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">hace que</span> <span class="hps">todo el</span> <span class="hps">otro texto</span> <span class="hps">en el segundo párrafo</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">sea azul</span><span>:</span></span> + + <table style="border: 2px outset #36b; padding: 1em; background-color: white;"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td style="font-style: italic;"><strong style="color: orange;">C</strong>ascading <strong style="color: green;">S</strong>tyle <strong style="color: green;">S</strong>heets</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: red;">C</strong>ascading <strong style="color: red;">S</strong>tyle <strong style="color: red;">S</strong>heets</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </li> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Ahora cambie</span> <span class="hps">la regla</span> <span class="hps">que acaba de agregar</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span><span>sin cambiar nada más</span><span>)</span><span>,</span> <span class="hps">para hacer</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">que el primer párrafo</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">sea azul</span> <span class="hps">también</span><span>:</span></span> + <table style="border: 2px outset #36b; padding: 1em; background-color: white;"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td style="font-style: italic; color: blue;"><strong style="color: orange;">C</strong>ascading <strong style="color: green;">S</strong>tyle <strong style="color: green;">S</strong>heets</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: red;">C</strong>ascading <strong style="color: red;">S</strong>tyle <strong style="color: red;">S</strong>heets</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </li> +</ol> + +<div class="tuto_details" id="tutochallenge"> +<div class="tuto_type">Possible solution</div> + +<ol> + <li>Add a rule with an ID selector of <code>#second</code> and a declaration <code>color: blue;</code>, as shown below: + + <pre class="brush: css">#second { color: blue; } +</pre> + A more specific selector, <code>p#second</code> also works.</li> + <li>Change the selector of the new rule to be a tag selector using <code>p</code>: + <pre class="brush: css">p { color: blue; } +</pre> + </li> +</ol> +<a class="hideAnswer" href="#challenge">Hide solution</a></div> +<a href="#tutochallenge" title="Display a possible solution for the challenge">See a solution for the challenge.</a></div> + +<h2 id="Action_Using_pseudo-classes_selectors">Action: Using pseudo-classes selectors</h2> + +<ol> + <li><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Cree un</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">HTML como el siguiente</span><span>:</span></span> + + <pre class="brush: html"><!doctype html> +<html> + <head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"> + <title>Sample document</title> + <link rel="stylesheet" href="style1.css"> + </head> + <body> + <p>Go to our <a class="homepage" href="http://www.example.com/" title="Home page">Home page</a>.</p> + </body> +</html> +</pre> + </li> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Ahora edite</span> <span class="hps">su archivo</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span><span>.</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">Reemplace todo el contenido</span> <span class="hps">con</span><span>:</span></span> + <pre class="brush: css">a.homepage:link, a.homepage:visited { + padding: 1px 10px 1px 10px; + color: #fff; + background: #555; + border-radius: 3px; + border: 1px outset rgba(50,50,50,.5); + font-family: georgia, serif; + font-size: 14px; + font-style: italic; + text-decoration: none; +} + +a.homepage:hover, a.homepage:focus, a.homepage:active { + background-color: #666; +} +</pre> + </li> + <li><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Guarde los archivos</span> <span class="hps">y</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">actualice el explorador</span> <span class="hps">para ver el resultado</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span><span>poner</span> <span class="hps">el ratón sobre el</span> <span class="hps">siguiente enlace para ver</span> <span class="hps">el efecto</span><span>)</span><span>:</span></span> + <table style="border: 2px outset #36b; padding: 1em;"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Go to our <a class="tutospecial" href="#" title="Home page">Home page</a><span style="display: none;"> </span><span style="display: none;"> </span></td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </li> +</ol> + +<h2 id="Acción_Uso_de_selectores_basados_en_las_relaciones_y_pseudo-clases"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Acción</span><span>: Uso de</span> <span class="hps">selectores</span> <span class="hps">basados</span> <span class="hps">en las relaciones y</span> <span class="hps">pseudo-clases</span></span></h2> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Con</span> <span class="hps">selectores</span> <span class="hps">basados</span> <span class="hps">en las relaciones y</span> <span class="hps">pseudo-clases</span> <span class="hps">puede crear</span> <span class="hps">algoritmos </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">complejos</span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"> en <span class="hps alt-edited">cascada</span> <span class="hps">.</span> <span class="hps">Esto es una técnica</span> <span class="hps">común que se utiliza</span><span>, por ejemplo,</span> <span class="hps">con el fin de</span> <span class="hps">crear menús</span> <span class="hps">desplegables</span> <span class="hps">en </span></span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">puro</span> </span><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">CSS</span> <span class="hps">(es decir</span> <span class="hps">sólo</span> <span class="hps">CSS,</span> <span class="hps">sin necesidad de utilizar</span></span> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript" title="en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript">JavaScript</a>). <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">La esencia</span> <span class="hps">de esta técnica es</span> <span class="hps">la creación de</span> <span class="hps">una regla como</span> <span class="hps">la siguiente</span><span>:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: css">div.menu-bar ul ul { + display: none; +} + +div.menu-bar li:hover > ul { + display: block; +}</pre> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps alt-edited">Aplicararemos a</span> <span class="hps">una estructura de</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">HTML como el siguiente</span><span>:</span></span></p> + +<pre class="brush: html"><div class="menu-bar"> + <ul> + <li> + <a href="example.html">Menu</a> + <ul> + <li> + <a href="example.html">Link</a> + </li> + <li> + <a class="menu-nav" href="example.html">Submenu</a> + <ul> + <li> + <a class="menu-nav" href="example.html">Submenu</a> + <ul> + <li><a href="example.html">Link</a></li> + <li><a href="example.html">Link</a></li> + <li><a href="example.html">Link</a></li> + <li><a href="example.html">Link</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li><a href="example.html">Link</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> +</div> +</pre> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Vea nuestro</span> <span class="hps">ejemplo completo</span></span><a class="internal" href="https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/3700/css_dropdown_menu.html" title="css_dropdown_menu.html">CSS-based dropdown menu example</a> <span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">para una posible</span> referencia<span>.</span></span></p> + +<h2 id="¿Y_ahora_qué"><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">¿Y ahora qué</span><span>?</span></span></h2> + +<p><span id="result_box" lang="es"><span class="hps">Su</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">hoja de estilos</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">de muestra</span> <span class="hps">está empezando a parecer</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">densa</span> <span class="hps alt-edited">y complicada.</span> <span class="hps">La</span> <span class="hps">siguiente sección</span> <span class="hps">describe</span> <span class="hps">maneras de hacer</span> <span class="hps">CSS</span> <span class="hps">más fácil de leer</span><span>.</span> </span> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_Started/Readable_CSS" title="/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_Started/Readable_CSS">easier to read</a>.{{nextPage("/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_Started/Readable_CSS", "Readable CSS")}}</p> |