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diff --git a/files/fr/web/api/history_api/example/index.html b/files/fr/web/api/history_api/example/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f19782d753 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fr/web/api/history_api/example/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,392 @@ +--- +title: Exemple de navigation en Ajax +slug: Web/Guide/DOM/Manipuler_historique_du_navigateur/Example +translation_of: Web/API/History_API/Example +--- +<p>Voici un exemple de site web AJAX composé uniquement de trois pages (<em>page_un.php</em>, <em>page_deux.php</em> et <em>page_trois.php</em>). Pour tester cet exemple, merci de créer les fichiers suivants :</p> +<p><strong>page_un.php</strong>:</p> +<div style="height: 400px; margin-bottom: 12px; overflow: auto;"> + <pre class="brush: php"><?php + $page_title = "Page un"; + + $as_json = false; + if (isset($_GET["view_as"]) && $_GET["view_as"] == "json") { + $as_json = true; + ob_start(); + } else { +?> +<!doctype html> +<html> +<head> +<?php + include "include/header.php"; + echo "<title>" . $page_title . "</title>"; +?> +</head> + +<body> + +<?php include "include/before_content.php"; ?> + +<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>first_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<div id="ajax-content"> +<?php } ?> + + <p>This is the content of <strong>first_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<?php + if ($as_json) { + echo json_encode(array("page" => $page_title, "content" => ob_get_clean())); + } else { +?> +</div> + +<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>first_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<?php + include "include/after_content.php"; + echo "</body>\n</html>"; + } +?> +</pre> +</div> +<p><strong>page_deux.php</strong>:</p> +<div style="height: 400px; margin-bottom: 12px; overflow: auto;"> + <pre class="brush: php"><?php + $page_title = "Page deux"; + + $as_json = false; + if (isset($_GET["view_as"]) && $_GET["view_as"] == "json") { + $as_json = true; + ob_start(); + } else { +?> +<!doctype html> +<html> +<head> +<?php + include "include/header.php"; + echo "<title>" . $page_title . "</title>"; +?> +</head> + +<body> + +<?php include "include/before_content.php"; ?> + +<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>second_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<div id="ajax-content"> +<?php } ?> + + <p>This is the content of <strong>second_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<?php + if ($as_json) { + echo json_encode(array("page" => $page_title, "content" => ob_get_clean())); + } else { +?> +</div> + +<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>second_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<?php + include "include/after_content.php"; + echo "</body>\n</html>"; + } +?> +</pre> +</div> +<p><strong>page_trois.php</strong>:</p> +<div style="height: 400px; margin-bottom: 12px; overflow: auto;"> + <pre class="brush: php"><?php + $page_title = "Page trois"; + $page_content = "<p>Ceci est le contenu de la <strong>page_trois.php</strong>. Ce contenu est stocké dans une variable PHP.</p>"; + + if (isset($_GET["view_as"]) && $_GET["view_as"] == "json") { + echo json_encode(array("page" => $page_title, "content" => $page_content)); + } else { +?> +<!doctype html> +<html> +<head> +<?php + include "include/header.php"; + echo "<title>" . $page_title . "</title>"; +?> +</head> + +<body> + +<?php include "include/before_content.php"; ?> + +<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>third_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<div id="ajax-content"> +<?php echo $page_content; ?> +</div> + +<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>third_page.php</strong>.</p> + +<?php + include "include/after_content.php"; + echo "</body>\n</html>"; + } +?> +</pre> +</div> +<p><strong>css/style.css</strong>:</p> +<pre class="brush: css">#ajax-loader { + position: fixed; + display: table; + top: 0; + left: 0; + width: 100%; + height: 100%; +} + +#ajax-loader > div { + display: table-cell; + width: 100%; + height: 100%; + vertical-align: middle; + text-align: center; + background-color: #000000; + opacity: 0.65; +} +</pre> +<p><strong>include/after_content.php</strong>:</p> +<pre class="brush: php"><p>Ceci est le pied-de-page. Il est commun à toutes les pages ajax.</p> +</pre> +<p><strong>include/before_content.php</strong>:</p> +<pre class="brush: php"><p> +[ <a class="ajax-nav" href="page_un.php">Premier exemple</a> +| <a class="ajax-nav" href="page_deux.php">Second exemple</a> +| <a class="ajax-nav" href="page_trois.php">Troisième exemple</a> +| <a class="ajax-nav" href="inexistante.php">Page inexistante</a> ] +</p> + +</pre> +<p><strong>include/header.php</strong>:</p> +<pre class="brush: php"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> +<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajax_nav.js"></script> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" /> +</pre> +<p><strong>js/ajax_nav.js</strong>:</p> +<div style="height: 400px; margin-bottom: 12px; overflow: auto;"> + <pre class="brush: js">"use strict"; + +var ajaxRequest = new (function () { + + function closeReq () { + oLoadingBox.parentNode && document.body.removeChild(oLoadingBox); + bIsLoading = false; + } + + function abortReq () { + if (!bIsLoading) { return; } + oReq.abort(); + closeReq(); + } + + function ajaxError () { + alert("Unknown error."); + } + + function ajaxLoad () { + var vMsg, nStatus = this.status; + switch (nStatus) { + case 200: + vMsg = JSON.parse(this.responseText); + document.title = oPageInfo.title = vMsg.page; + document.getElementById(sTargetId).innerHTML = vMsg.content; + if (bUpdateURL) { + history.pushState(oPageInfo, oPageInfo.title, oPageInfo.url); + bUpdateURL = false; + } + break; + default: + vMsg = nStatus + ": " + (oHTTPStatus[nStatus] || "Unknown"); + switch (Math.floor(nStatus / 100)) { + /* + case 1: + // Informational 1xx + console.log("Information code " + vMsg); + break; + case 2: + // Successful 2xx + console.log("Successful code " + vMsg); + break; + case 3: + // Redirection 3xx + console.log("Redirection code " + vMsg); + break; + */ + case 4: + /* Client Error 4xx */ + alert("Client Error #" + vMsg); + break; + case 5: + /* Server Error 5xx */ + alert("Server Error #" + vMsg); + break; + default: + /* Unknown status */ + ajaxError(); + } + } + closeReq(); + } + + function filterURL (sURL, sViewMode) { + return sURL.replace(rSearch, "") + ("?" + sURL.replace(rHost, "&").replace(rView, sViewMode ? "&" + sViewKey + "=" + sViewMode : "").slice(1)).replace(rEndQstMark, ""); + } + + function getPage (sPage) { + if (bIsLoading) { return; } + oReq = new XMLHttpRequest(); + bIsLoading = true; + oReq.onload = ajaxLoad; + oReq.onerror = ajaxError; + if (sPage) { oPageInfo.url = filterURL(sPage, null); } + oReq.open("get", filterURL(oPageInfo.url, "json"), true); + oReq.send(); + oLoadingBox.parentNode || document.body.appendChild(oLoadingBox); + } + + function requestPage (sURL) { + if (history.pushState) { + bUpdateURL = true; + getPage(sURL); + } else { + /* Ajax navigation is not supported */ + location.assign(sURL); + } + } + + function processLink () { + if (this.className === sAjaxClass) { + requestPage(this.href); + return false; + } + return true; + } + + function init () { + oPageInfo.title = document.title; + for (var oLink, nIdx = 0, nLen = document.links.length; nIdx < nLen; document.links[nIdx++].onclick = processLink); + } + + const + + /* customizable constants */ + sTargetId = "ajax-content", sViewKey = "view_as", sAjaxClass = "ajax-nav", + + /* not customizable constants */ + rSearch = /\?.*$/, rHost = /^[^\?]*\?*&*/, rView = new RegExp("&" + sViewKey + "\\=[^&]*|&*$", "i"), rEndQstMark = /\?$/, + oLoadingBox = document.createElement("div"), oCover = document.createElement("div"), oLoadingImg = new Image(), + oPageInfo = { + title: null, + url: location.href + }, oHTTPStatus = /* http://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xml */ { + 100: "Continue", + 101: "Switching Protocols", + 102: "Processing", + 200: "OK", + 201: "Created", + 202: "Accepted", + 203: "Non-Authoritative Information", + 204: "No Content", + 205: "Reset Content", + 206: "Partial Content", + 207: "Multi-Status", + 208: "Already Reported", + 226: "IM Used", + 300: "Multiple Choices", + 301: "Moved Permanently", + 302: "Found", + 303: "See Other", + 304: "Not Modified", + 305: "Use Proxy", + 306: "Reserved", + 307: "Temporary Redirect", + 308: "Permanent Redirect", + 400: "Bad Request", + 401: "Unauthorized", + 402: "Payment Required", + 403: "Forbidden", + 404: "Not Found", + 405: "Method Not Allowed", + 406: "Not Acceptable", + 407: "Proxy Authentication Required", + 408: "Request Timeout", + 409: "Conflict", + 410: "Gone", + 411: "Length Required", + 412: "Precondition Failed", + 413: "Request Entity Too Large", + 414: "Request-URI Too Long", + 415: "Unsupported Media Type", + 416: "Requested Range Not Satisfiable", + 417: "Expectation Failed", + 422: "Unprocessable Entity", + 423: "Locked", + 424: "Failed Dependency", + 425: "Unassigned", + 426: "Upgrade Required", + 427: "Unassigned", + 428: "Precondition Required", + 429: "Too Many Requests", + 430: "Unassigned", + 431: "Request Header Fields Too Large", + 500: "Internal Server Error", + 501: "Not Implemented", + 502: "Bad Gateway", + 503: "Service Unavailable", + 504: "Gateway Timeout", + 505: "HTTP Version Not Supported", + 506: "Variant Also Negotiates (Experimental)", + 507: "Insufficient Storage", + 508: "Loop Detected", + 509: "Unassigned", + 510: "Not Extended", + 511: "Network Authentication Required" + }; + + var + + oReq, bIsLoading = false, bUpdateURL = false; + + oLoadingBox.id = "ajax-loader"; + oCover.onclick = abortReq; + oLoadingImg.src = "data:image/gif;base64,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"; + oCover.appendChild(oLoadingImg); + oLoadingBox.appendChild(oCover); + + onpopstate = function (oEvent) { + bUpdateURL = false; + oPageInfo.title = oEvent.state.title; + oPageInfo.url = oEvent.state.url; + getPage(); + }; + + window.addEventListener ? addEventListener("load", init, false) : window.attachEvent ? attachEvent("onload", init) : (onload = init); + + // Public methods + + this.open = requestPage; + this.stop = abortReq; + this.rebuildLinks = init; + +})(); +</pre> +</div> +<div class="note" id="const_compatibility"> + <strong>Note:</strong> <a href="/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const" title="en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const"><code>const</code></a> (instruction de constante) <strong>ne fait pas partie de ECMAScript 5</strong>. Il est supporté dans Firefox et Chrome (V8) et partiellement supporté dans Opera 9+ et Safari. <strong>Il n'est pas supporté dans Internet Explorer 6-9, ou dans la version de prévisualisation de Internet Explorer 10</strong>. <a href="/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const" title="en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const"><code>const</code></a> sera défini par ECMAScript 6, mais avec une sémantique différente. Proches des variables déclarées avec l'instruction <a href="/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/let" title="en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/let"><code>let</code></a>, les constantes déclarées avec <a href="/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const" title="en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const"><code>const</code></a> seront limitées en portée. <strong>Nous ne l'avons utilisé que pour des raisons pédagogiques, si vous souhaitez une compatibilité maximale de ce code, merci de remplacer les références à </strong><strong><a href="/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const" title="en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const"><code>const</code></a> par des instructions <a href="/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/var" title="en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/var"><code>var</code></a>.</strong></div> +<p>Pour plus d'informations, voyez : <a href="/fr/docs/DOM/manipuler_lhistorique_du_navigateur" title="/fr/docs/DOM/manipuler_lhistorique_du_navigateur">Manipuler l'historique du navigateur</a>.</p> +<h2 id="Lire_également">Lire également</h2> +<ul> + <li>{{ domxref("window.history") }}</li> + <li>{{ domxref("window.onpopstate") }}</li> +</ul> |