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+---
+title: class
+slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class
+tags:
+  - Class
+  - Classes
+  - Declaration
+  - ECMAScript 2015
+  - ES6
+  - JavaScript
+  - Reference
+  - Statement
+translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/class
+---
+<div>{{jsSidebar("Statements")}}</div>
+
+<p><strong>class 声明</strong>创建一个基于原型继承的具有给定名称的新类。</p>
+
+<p>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/statement-class.html")}}</p>
+
+<div class="noinclude">
+<p>你也可以使用{{jsxref("Operators/class", "类表达式", "", 1)}}定义类。但是不同于类表达式，类声明不允许再次声明已经存在的类，否则将会抛出一个类型错误。</p>
+</div>
+
+<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
+
+<pre class="brush: js">class <em>name</em> [extends] {
+  // class body
+}
+</pre>
+
+<h2 id="描述">描述</h2>
+
+<p>和类表达式一样，类声明体在<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode">严格模式</a>下运行。构造函数是可选的。</p>
+
+<p>类声明不可以提升（这与<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function">函数声明</a>不同）。</p>
+
+<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>
+
+<h3 id="声明一个类">声明一个类</h3>
+
+<p>在下面的例子中，我们首先定义一个名为Polygon的类，然后继承它来创建一个名为Square的类。注意，构造函数中使用的 super() 只能在构造函数中使用，并且必须在使用 this 关键字前调用。</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js">class Polygon {
+  constructor(height, width) {
+    this.name = 'Polygon';
+    this.height = height;
+    this.width = width;
+  }
+}
+
+class Square extends Polygon {
+  constructor(length) {
+    super(length, length);
+    this.name = 'Square';
+  }
+}</pre>
+
+<div class="warning">
+<h3 id="重复定义类">重复定义类</h3>
+
+<p>重复声明一个类会引起类型错误。</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js">class Foo {};
+class Foo {};
+// Uncaught TypeError: Identifier 'Foo' has already been declared</pre>
+
+<p>若之前使用类表达式定义了一个类，则再次声明这个类同样会引起类型错误。</p>
+
+<pre class="brush: js">let Foo = class {};
+class Foo {};
+// Uncaught TypeError: Identifier 'Foo' has already been declared</pre>
+</div>
+
+<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>
+
+<table class="standard-table">
+ <tbody>
+  <tr>
+   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
+   <th scope="col">Status</th>
+   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+   <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td>
+   <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td>
+   <td>Initial definition.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+   <td>{{SpecName('ES2016', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td>
+   <td>{{Spec2('ES2016')}}</td>
+   <td> </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+   <td>{{SpecName('ES2017', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td>
+   <td>{{Spec2('ES2017')}}</td>
+   <td> </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+   <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-class-definitions', 'Class definitions')}}</td>
+   <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td>
+   <td> </td>
+  </tr>
+ </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h2 id="浏览器兼容">浏览器兼容</h2>
+
+<div class="hidden">The compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</div>
+
+<p>{{Compat("javascript.statements.class")}}</p>
+
+<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function"><code>function</code> declaration</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/class"><code>class</code> expression</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes">Classes</a></li>
+</ul>