path: root/files/de/web/html/element/th/index.html

---
title: <th>
slug: Web/HTML/Element/th
translation_of: Web/HTML/Element/th
---
<h2 id="Übersicht">Übersicht</h2>

<p>Das  HTML Element<em> table header cell </em><code>&lt;th&gt;</code> defines a cell that is a header for a group of cells of a table. The group of cells that the header refers to is defined by the {{htmlattrxref("scope", "th")}} and {{htmlattrxref("headers", "th")}} attribute.</p>

<h2 id="Gebrauchsübersicht">Gebrauchsübersicht</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/en-US/docs/HTML/Content_categories" title="HTML/Content categories">Content categories</a></td>
   <td>None.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Permitted content</td>
   <td>
    <div class="content-models">
    <div id="table-mdls">Phrasing content.</div>
    </div>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Tag omission</td>
   <td>The <span title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</span> is mandatory.<br>
    The end tag may be omitted, if it is immediately followed by a {{HTMLElement("th")}} or {{HTMLElement("td")}} element or if there are no more data in its parent element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Permitted parent elements</td>
   <td>A {{HTMLElement("tr")}} element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Normative document</td>
   <td><a href="http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/tabular-data.html#the-th-element" rel="external nofollow" title="http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/tabular-data.html#the-th-element">HTML5, section 4.9.10</a> (<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/struct/tables.html#h-11.2.6" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/struct/tables.html#h-11.2.6">HTML4.01, section 11.2.6</a>)</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="Attribute">Attribute</h2>

<p>This element includes the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/HTML/Global_attributes" title="HTML/Global attributes">global attributes</a>.</p>

<dl>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("abbr")}} {{obsolete_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("5")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute contains a short abbreviated description of the content of the cell. Some user-agent, like speech reader, may present it before the content itself.
 <div class="note"><strong>Note: </strong>Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete in the latest standard: instead either consider starting the cell content by an independent abbreviated content itself or use the abbreviated content as the cell content and use the long content as the description of the cell by putting it in the <strong>title</strong> attribute.</div>
 </dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("align")}} {{Deprecated_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("4")}}, {{obsolete_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("5")}}</dt>
 <dd>This enumerated attribute specifies how horizontal alignment of each cell content will be handled. Possible values are:
 <ul>
  <li><code>left</code>, aligning the content to the left of the cell</li>
  <li><code>center</code>, centering the content in the cell</li>
  <li><code>right</code>, aligning the content to the right of the cell</li>
  <li><code>justify</code>, inserting spaces into the textual content so that the content is justified in the cell</li>
  <li><code>char</code>, aligning the textual content on a special character with a minimal offset, defined by the {{htmlattrxref("char", "th")}} and {{htmlattrxref("charoff", "th")}} attributes {{unimplemented_inline("2212")}}.</li>
 </ul>

 <p>If this attribute is not set, the <code>left</code> value is assumed.</p>

 <div class="note"><strong>Note: </strong>Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (not supported) in the latest standard.

 <ul>
  <li>To achieve the same effect as the <code>left</code>, <code>center</code>, <code>right</code> or <code>justify</code> values, use the CSS {{cssxref("text-align")}} property on it.</li>
  <li>To achieve the same effect as the <code>char</code> value, in CSS3, you can use the value of the {{htmlattrxref("char", "th")}} as the value of the {{cssxref("text-align")}} property {{unimplemented_inline}}.</li>
 </ul>
 </div>
 </dd>
</dl>

<dl>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("axis")}} {{obsolete_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("5")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute contains a list of space-separated strings. Each string is the id of a group of cells that this header apply to.
 <div class="note"><strong>Note: </strong>Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete in the latest standard: instead use the {{htmlattrxref("scope", "th")}} attribute.</div>
 </dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("bgcolor")}} {{Non-standard_inline}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute defines the background color of each cell of the column. It is one of the 6-digit hexadecimal code as defined in <a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/Color/sRGB" title="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/Color/sRGB">sRGB</a>, prefixed by a '#'. One of the sixteen predefined color strings may be used:
 <table>
  <tbody>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: black; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>black</code> = "#000000"</td>
    <td style="background-color: green; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>green</code> = "#008000"</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: silver; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>silver</code> = "#C0C0C0"</td>
    <td style="background-color: lime; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>lime</code> = "#00FF00"</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: gray; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>gray</code> = "#808080"</td>
    <td style="background-color: olive; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>olive</code> = "#808000"</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: white; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>white</code> = "#FFFFFF"</td>
    <td style="background-color: yellow; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>yellow</code> = "#FFFF00"</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: maroon; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>maroon</code> = "#800000"</td>
    <td style="background-color: navy; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>navy</code> = "#000080"</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: red; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>red</code> = "#FF0000"</td>
    <td style="background-color: blue; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>blue</code> = "#0000FF"</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: purple; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>purple</code> = "#800080"</td>
    <td style="background-color: teal; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>teal</code> = "#008080"</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="background-color: fuchsia; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>fuchsia</code> = "#FF00FF"</td>
    <td style="background-color: aqua; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-width: 1px; border-color: black; border-style: solid;"> </td>
    <td><code>aqua</code> = "#00FFFF"</td>
   </tr>
  </tbody>
 </table>

 <div class="note"><strong>Usage note:</strong> Do not use this attribute, as it is non-standard and only implemented some versions of Microsoft Internet Explorer: the {{HTMLElement("th")}} element should be styled using <a href="/en-US/docs/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a>. To give a similar effect to the <strong>bgcolor</strong> attribute, use the <a href="/en-US/docs/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a> property {{cssxref("background-color")}} instead.</div>
 </dd>
</dl>

<dl>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("char")}} {{Deprecated_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("4")}}, {{obsolete_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("5")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute is used to set the character to align the cells in a column on. Typical values for this include a period (.) when attempting to align numbers or monetary values. If {{htmlattrxref("align", "th")}} is not set to <code>char</code>, this attribute is ignored.
 <div class="note"><strong>Note: </strong>Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (and not supported) in the latest standard. To achieve the same effect as the {{htmlattrxref("char", "thead")}}, in CSS3, you can use the character set using the {{htmlattrxref("char", "th")}} attribute as the value of the {{cssxref("text-align")}} property {{unimplemented_inline}}.</div>
 </dd>
</dl>

<dl>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("charoff")}} {{Deprecated_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("4")}}, {{obsolete_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("5")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute is used to indicate the number of characters to offset the column data from the alignment characters specified by the <strong>char</strong> attribute.
 <div class="note"><strong>Note: </strong>Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (and not supported) in the latest standard.</div>
 </dd>
</dl>

<dl>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("colspan")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute contains a non-negative integer value that indicates on how many columns does the cell extend. Its default value is <code>1</code>; if its value is set to <code>0</code>, it does extend until the end of the {{HTMLElement("colgroup")}}, eventually implicitly defined, the cell belongs to. Values higher than 1000 are clipped down to 1000.</dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("headers")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attributes a list of space-separated strings, each corresponding to the <strong>id</strong> attribute of the {{HTMLElement("th")}} elements that applies to this element.</dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("rowspan")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute contains a non-negative integer value that indicates on how many rows does the cell extend. Its default value is <code>1</code>; if its value is set to <code>0</code>, it does extend until the end of the table section ({{HTMLElement("thead")}}, {{HTMLElement("tbody")}}, {{HTMLElement("tfoot")}}, eventually implicitly defined) the cell belongs to. Values higher than 65534 are clipped down to 65534.</dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("scope")}}</dt>
 <dd>This enumerated attribute defines the cells that the header defined in this {{HTMLElement("th")}} element relates to. It may have the following values:
 <ul>
  <li><code>row</code>, which means that the header relates to all cells in the row that this element belongs to;</li>
  <li><code>col</code>, which means that the header relates to all cells in the column that this element belongs to;</li>
  <li><code>rowgroup</code>, which means that the header relates to all remaining cells in the row group that this element belongs to. The remaining cells are either those to the right of this element, or to his left depending of the value of{{htmlattrxref("dir", "table")}} attribute defined on the {{HTMLElement("table")}} element;</li>
  <li><code>colgroup</code>, which means that the header relates to all remaining cells in the column group that this element belongs to;</li>
  <li><em>auto</em></li>
 </ul>
 </dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("valign")}} {{Deprecated_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("4")}}, {{obsolete_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline("5")}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute specifies the vertical alignment of the text within each row of cells of the table header. Possible values for this attribute are:
 <ul>
  <li><code>baseline</code>, which will put the text as close to the bottom of the cell as it is possible, but align it on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseline_%28typography%29" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseline_(typography)">baseline</a> of the characters instead of the bottom of them. If characters are all of the size, this has the same effect as <code>bottom</code>.</li>
  <li><code>bottom</code>, which will put the text as close to the bottom of the cell as it is possible;</li>
  <li><code>middle</code>, which will center the text in the cell;</li>
  <li>and <code>top</code>, which will put the text as close to the top of the cell as it is possible.</li>
 </ul>

 <div class="note"><strong>Note: </strong>Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (and not supported) in the latest standard: instead set the CSS {{cssxref("vertical-align")}} property on it.</div>
 </dd>
 <dt>{{htmlattrdef("width")}} {{Deprecated_inline}} in {{HTMLVersionInline(4.01)}}</dt>
 <dd>This attribute is used to define a recommended cell width.  Properties <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLTableElement/cellSpacing">cellspacing</a> and <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLTableElement/cellPadding">cellpadding</a> may add additional space, and element {{HTMLElement("col")}} width may also have some effect. In general, if a column's width is too narrow to show a particular cell properly, it, and thus the cells in it, may be widened when displayed.
 <div class="note"><strong>Note: </strong>Do not use this attribute in the latest standard: instead set the CSS {{cssxref("width")}} property.</div>
 </dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="DOM_interface">DOM interface</h2>

<p>This element implements the <code><a href="en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLTableHeaderCellElement" title="DOM/HTMLTableHeaderCellElement">HTMLTableHeaderCellElement</a></code> interface.</p>

<h2 id="Beispiele">Beispiele</h2>

<p>See {{HTMLElement("table")}} for examples on <code>&lt;th&gt;</code>.</p>

<h2 id="Kompatibilät">Kompatibilät</h2>

<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div>

<div id="compat-desktop">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Chrome</th>
   <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
   <th>Internet Explorer</th>
   <th>Opera</th>
   <th>Safari</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>1.0</td>
   <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("1.0")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>align/valign</code> attribute</td>
   <td>1.0</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}} {{bug("915")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>char/charoff</code> attribute</td>
   <td>1.0</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}} {{bug("2212")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>bgcolor</code> attribute {{Non-standard_inline}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div id="compat-mobile">
<table class="compat-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Feature</th>
   <th>Android</th>
   <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
   <th>IE Mobile</th>
   <th>Opera Mobile</th>
   <th>Safari Mobile</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Basic support</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("1.0")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>align/valign</code> attribute</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}} {{bug("915")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>char/charoff</code> attribute</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}} {{bug("2212")}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>bgcolor</code> attribute {{Non-standard_inline}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2>

<ul>
 <li>Other table-related HTML Elements: {{HTMLElement("caption")}}, {{HTMLElement("col")}}, {{HTMLElement("colgroup")}}, {{HTMLElement("table")}}, {{HTMLElement("tbody")}}, {{HTMLElement("td")}}, {{HTMLElement("tfoot")}}, {{HTMLElement("thead")}}, {{HTMLElement("tr")}}.</li>
</ul>

<p>{{HTMLRef}}</p>