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---
title: document.createDocumentFragment
slug: Web/API/Document/createDocumentFragment
tags:
- API
- DOM
- Document
- HTML
- Méthode
- Reference
translation_of: Web/API/Document/createDocumentFragment
---
<div>{{ApiRef("DOM")}}</div>
<p>Crée un nouvel objet vide de type {{domxref("DocumentFragment")}}.</p>
<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">Syntaxe</h2>
<pre class="syntaxbox">var <var>fragment</var> = document.createDocumentFragment();
</pre>
<p><code>fragment</code> est une référence vers un objet vide de type {{domxref("DocumentFragment")}} .</p>
<h2 id="Description">Description</h2>
<p>Les objets <code>DocumentFragments</code> sont analogues à des nœuds du DOM, mais ne font jamais partie de l'arbre DOM. Le cas d'usage le plus courant consiste à créer un fragment pour y stocker des éléments, puis à ajouter en une seule opération le fragment à l'arbre DOM, ce qui a pour effet de le remplacer par tous ses éléments enfants.</p>
<p>Le principal avantage de cette méthode de mise à jour du DOM vient du fait que le fragment est stocké en mémoire, et pas dans l'arbre DOM lui-même, de sorte que le modifier ne déclenche pas de <a href="http://code.google.com/speed/articles/reflow.html">reflow</a> (le calcul des positions et de la géométrie de chacun des éléments de la page affichée). Par conséquent, l´utilisation de fragments pour effectuer des mises à jour du DOM donne souvent lieu à une <a href="http://ejohn.org/blog/dom-documentfragments/">amélioration des performance</a>s.</p>
<h2 id="Example" name="Example">Exemple</h2>
<p>Cet exemple crée une liste des principaux navigateurs du web.</p>
<h3 id="HTML">HTML</h3>
<pre class="brush: html line-numbers language-html"><code class="language-html"><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token"><</span>ul</span> <span class="attr-name token">id</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>ul<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">></span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token"></</span>ul</span><span class="punctuation token">></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="JavaScript">JavaScript</h3>
<pre class="brush: js line-numbers language-js"><code class="language-js"><span class="keyword token">var</span> element <span class="operator token">=</span> document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">getElementById</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">'ul'</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span> <span class="comment token">// en supposant qu'ul existe</span>
<span class="keyword token">var</span> fragment <span class="operator token">=</span> document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">createDocumentFragment</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
<span class="keyword token">var</span> browsers <span class="operator token">=</span> <span class="punctuation token">[</span><span class="string token">'Firefox'</span><span class="punctuation token">,</span> <span class="string token">'Chrome'</span><span class="punctuation token">,</span> <span class="string token">'Opera'</span><span class="punctuation token">,</span>
<span class="string token">'Safari'</span><span class="punctuation token">,</span> <span class="string token">'Internet Explorer'</span><span class="punctuation token">]</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
browsers<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">forEach</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="keyword token">function</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span>browser<span class="punctuation token">)</span> <span class="punctuation token">{</span>
<span class="keyword token">var</span> li <span class="operator token">=</span> document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">createElement</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">'li'</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
li<span class="punctuation token">.</span>textContent <span class="operator token">=</span> browser<span class="punctuation token">;</span>
fragment<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">appendChild</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span>li<span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
<span class="punctuation token">}</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
element<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">appendChild</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span>fragment<span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span></code></pre>
<h3 id="Résultat">Résultat</h3>
<p>{{EmbedLiveSample("Example", 600, 140)}}</p>
<h2 id="Spécification">Spécification</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Spécification</th>
<th scope="col">Statut</th>
<th scope="col">Commentaire</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('DOM WHATWG', '#dom-document-createdocumentfragment', 'Document.createDocumentFragment()')}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2('DOM WHATWG')}}</td>
<td>Définition initiale dans la spécification DOM 1.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="Compatibilité_des_navigateurs">Compatibilité des navigateurs</h2>
<div>{{CompatibilityTable}}</div>
<div id="compat-desktop"> </div>
<div id="compat-mobile">
<div id="compat-desktop">
<table class="compat-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Fonctionnalité</th>
<th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
<th>Chrome</th>
<th>Edge</th>
<th>Internet Explorer</th>
<th>Opera</th>
<th>Safari</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Basic support</td>
<td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div id="compat-mobile">
<table class="compat-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Fonctionnalité</th>
<th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
<th>Android</th>
<th>Edge</th>
<th>IE Mobile</th>
<th>Opera Mobile</th>
<th>Safari Mobile</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Basic support</td>
<td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
<td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2>
</div>
<ul>
<li>{{domxref("DOMImplementation.createDocument", "document.implementation.createDocument()")}}</li>
<li>{{domxref("documentFragment")}}</li>
</ul>
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