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---
title: Exemple de navigation en Ajax
slug: Web/API/History_API/Example
translation_of: Web/API/History_API/Example
original_slug: Web/Guide/DOM/Manipuler_historique_du_navigateur/Example
---
Voici un exemple de site web AJAX composé uniquement de trois pages (_page_un.php_, *page_deux.php* et *page_trois.php*). Pour tester cet exemple, merci de créer les fichiers suivants :
**page_un.php**:
```php
<?php
$page_title = "Page un";
$as_json = false;
if (isset($_GET["vie
$as_json =
ob_start();
} else {
?>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<?php
include "include/header.php";
echo "<title>" . $page_title . "</title>";
?>
</head>
<body>
<?php include "include/before_content.php"; ?>
<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>first_page.php</strong>.</p>
<div id="ajax-content">
<?php } ?>
<p>This is the content of <strong>first_page.php</strong>.</p>
<?php
if ($as_json) {
echo json_encode(array("page" => $page_title, "content" => ob_get_clean()));
} else {
?>
</div>
<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>first_page.php</strong>.</p>
<?php
include "include/after_content.php";
echo "</body>\n</html>";
}
?>
```
**page_deux.php**:
```php
<?php
$page_title = "Page deux";
$as_json = false;
if (isset($_GET["vie
$as_json =
ob_start();
} else {
?>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<?php
include "include/header.php";
echo "<title>" . $page_title . "</title>";
?>
</head>
<body>
<?php include "include/before_content.php"; ?>
<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>second_page.php</strong>.</p>
<div id="ajax-content">
<?php } ?>
<p>This is the content of <strong>second_page.php</strong>.</p>
<?php
if ($as_json) {
echo json_encode(array("page" => $page_title, "content" => ob_get_clean()));
} else {
?>
</div>
<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>second_page.php</strong>.</p>
<?php
include "include/after_content.php";
echo "</body>\n</html>";
}
?>
```
**page_trois.php**:
```php
<?php
$page_title = "Page trois";
$page_content = "<p>Ceci est le contenu de la <strong>page_trois.php</strong>. Ce contenu est stocké dans une variable PHP.</p>";
if (isset($_GET["view_as"]) && $_GET["view_as"] == "json") {
echo json_encode(array("page" => $page_title, "content" => $page_content));
} else {
?>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<?php
include "include/header.php";
echo "<title>" . $page_title . "</title>";
?>
</head>
<body>
<?php include "include/before_content.php"; ?>
<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>third_page.php</strong>.</p>
<div id="ajax-content">
<?php echo $page_content; ?>
</div>
<p>This paragraph is shown only when the navigation starts from <strong>third_page.php</strong>.</p>
<?php
include "include/after_content.php";
echo "</body>\n</html>";
}
?>
```
**css/style.css**:
```css
#ajax-loader {
position: fixed;
display: table;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#ajax-loader > div {
display: table-cell;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
text-align: center;
background-color: #000000;
opacity: 0.65;
}
```
**include/after_content.php**:
```php
<p>Ceci est le pied-de-page. Il est commun à toutes les pages ajax.</p>
```
**include/before_content.php**:
```php
<p>
[ <a class="ajax-nav" href="page_un.php">Premier exemple</a>
| <a class="ajax-nav" href="page_deux.php">Second exemple</a>
| <a class="ajax-nav" href="page_trois.php">Troisième exemple</a>
| <a class="ajax-nav" href="inexistante.php">Page inexistante</a> ]
</p>
```
**include/header.php**:
```html
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajax_nav.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" />
```
**js/ajax_nav.js**:
```js
"use strict";
var ajaxRequest = new (function () {
function closeReq () {
oLoadingBox.parentNode && document.body.removeChild(oLoadingBox);
bIsLoading = false;
}
function abortReq () {
if (!bIsLoadi
oReq.abort(
}
fu
alert("Unknown err
}
function ajaxLoad
var vMsg, nStatus = this.status;
switch (nStatus) {
case 200:
vMsg = JSON.parse
document.title = oPageInfo.title = vMsg.page;
document.getElementById
i
hi
}
break;
ult:
vMsg = nSta
switch
/*
case 1:
//
consol
bre
2:
//
consol
con
*/
case 4:
/*
alert(
bre
5:
/* S
alert(
bre
}
closeReq();
}
function filterURL (sURL, sView
return sURL.replace(rSearch,
}
function getPage (sPage) {
if (bIsLoading) { return; }
oReq = new XMLHttpRequest();
bIsLoading =
oReq.onload = ajaxLoad;
if (sPage) { oPageInfo.ur
oReq.open("get", filterU
oReq.send();
oLoadingBox.parent
}
function requestPage (sURL) {
i
getPage(sURL);
se {
/* Ajax navigation is n
location.assi
}
}
function processLi
if (this.className === sAjaxClass
requestPage(this.href);
}
return true;
}
function init () {
oPageInfo.title = document.title;
for (var oLin
}
const
/* customizable constants */
sTargetId = "ajax-cont
/* not customizable
rSearch = /\?.*$/, r
oLoadingBox =
oPageInfo = {
title: null,
url: location.href
HTTPStatus = /*
100: "Continue"
101: "Swit
102: "Proc
200: "OK",
201: "Created
202: "Accepted",
203: "Non-Author
204: "No Content
205: "Reset Cont
206: "Partial Conte
207: "Multi-Sta
208: "Already R
226: "IM Used",
300: "Multipl
301: "Moved P
302: "Found",
303: "See Other",
304: "Not Modifi
305: "Use Proxy"
306: "Reserv
307: "Tempor
308: "Perman
400: "Bad Request",
401: "Unauthorize
402: "Payment Req
403: "Forbidden",
404: "Not Found",
405: "Method Not Allow
406: "Not Acce
407: "Proxy Au
408: "Reques
409: "Confli
410: "Gone",
411: "Length Requi
412: "Precondition
413: "Request Enti
414: "Request-URI
415: "Unsupported
416: "Requested Range N
417: "Expectat
422: "Unproces
423: "Locked",
424: "Failed Depen
425: "Unassigned",
426: "Upgrade Requ
427: "Unassigned",
428: "Precondition
429: "Too Many Req
430: "Unassigned",
431: "Request Header
503: "Service Unavailab
504: "Gateway Time
505: "HTTP Version
506: "Variant Also Negot
507: "Insufficient St
508: "Loop Detecte
509: "Unassigne
510: "Not Exten
511: "Network Authentication Requ
};
var
oReq, bIsLoadi
oLoadingBox.id = "aja
oCover.onclick = abortReq;
oLoadingImg.src = "data:image/gif;base64,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";
oCover.appendChild(oLoadingImg);
oLoadingBox.appendChild(oCover);
onpopstate = function (
bUpdateURL = false;
oPageInfo.title = oEvent.state.ti
oPageInfo.
};
window.addEventListener
// Public methods
this.open = requestPage;
this.stop = abortReq;
this.rebuildLinks = init;
})();
```
> **Note :** [`const`](/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const) (instruction de constante) **ne fait pas partie de ECMAScript 5**. Il est supporté dans Firefox et Chrome (V8) et partiellement supporté dans Opera 9+ et Safari. **Il n'est pas supporté dans Internet Explorer 6-9, ou dans la version de prévisualisation de Internet Explorer 10**. [`const`](/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const) sera défini par ECMAScript 6, mais avec une sémantique différente. Proches des variables déclarées avec l'instruction [`let`](/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/let), les constantes déclarées avec [`const`](/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const) seront limitées en portée. **Nous ne l'avons utilisé que pour des raisons pédagogiques, si vous souhaitez une compatibilité maximale de ce code, merci de remplacer les références à** **[`const`](/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const) par des instructions [`var`](/en/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/var).**
Pour plus d'informations, voyez : [Manipuler l'historique du navigateur](/fr/docs/DOM/manipuler_lhistorique_du_navigateur).
## Lire également
- {{ domxref("window.history") }}
- {{ domxref("window.onpopstate") }}
|