files/fr/web/api/htmlorforeignelement/focus/index.html


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---
title: HTMLElement.focus()
slug: Web/API/HTMLOrForeignElement/focus
tags:
  - API
  - HTML DOM
  - HTMLElement
translation_of: Web/API/HTMLOrForeignElement/focus
original_slug: Web/API/HTMLElement/focus
---
<div>{{ APIRef("HTML DOM") }}</div>

<p>La méthode <strong><code>HTMLElement.focus()</code></strong> donne le focus à l'élément spécifié, s'il peut prendre le focus.</p>

<h2 id="R.C3.A9sum.C3.A9" name="R.C3.A9sum.C3.A9">Syntaxe</h2>

<pre class="syntaxbox">element.focus();
element.focus(focusOption); // Paramètre objet</pre>

<h3 id="Paramètres">Paramètres</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><code>focusOptions</code> {{optional_inline}} {{experimental_inline}}</dt>
 <dd>Est un objet ayant les propriétés suivantes:</dd>
 <dd>
 <dl>
  <dt><code>preventScroll</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt>
  <dd>Est une valeur <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Boolean" title="The Boolean object is an object wrapper for a boolean value."><code>Boolean</code></a>:
  <ul>
   <li>Si <code>false</code>, la méthode fera défiler la page pour que l'élément soit visible à l'écran.</li>
   <li>Si <code>true</code>,  la méthode ne fera PAS défiler la page pour que l'élément soit visible à l'écran.</li>
  </ul>
  </dd>
 </dl>
 </dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Specification" name="Specification">Exemples</h2>

<h3 id="Focus_on_a_text_field" name="Focus_on_a_text_field">Donner le focus à un champ texte</h3>

<h4 id="JavaScript">JavaScript</h4>

<pre class="brush: js line-numbers  language-js"><code class="language-js">focusMethod <span class="operator token">=</span> <span class="keyword token">function</span> <span class="function token">getFocus</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span> <span class="punctuation token">{</span>
  document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">getElementById</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">"myTextField"</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">focus</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
<span class="punctuation token">}</span></code></pre>

<h4 id="HTML">HTML</h4>

<pre class="brush: html line-numbers  language-html"><code class="language-html"><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>input</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>text<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">id</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>myTextField<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">value</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"Champ texte</span>.<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>p</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>p</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>button</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>button<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">onclick</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>focusMethod()<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>Cliquez-moi pour donner le focus au champ texte!<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>button</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span></code></pre>

<h4 id="Résultat">Résultat</h4>

<p>{{ EmbedLiveSample('Focus_on_a_text_field') }}</p>

<h3 id="Focus_on_a_button" name="Focus_on_a_button">Donner le focus à un bouton</h3>

<h4 id="JavaScript_2">JavaScript</h4>

<pre class="brush: js line-numbers  language-js"><code class="language-js">focusMethod <span class="operator token">=</span> <span class="keyword token">function</span> <span class="function token">getFocus</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span> <span class="punctuation token">{</span>
  document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">getElementById</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">"myButton"</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">focus</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
<span class="punctuation token">}</span></code></pre>

<h4 id="HTML_2">HTML</h4>

<pre class="brush: html line-numbers  language-html"><code class="language-html"><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>button</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>button<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">id</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>myButton<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;Cliquez</span></span>!<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>button</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>p</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>p</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>button</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>button<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">onclick</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>focusMethod()<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;Cliquez-moi pour donner le focus au bouton</span></span>!<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>button</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span></code></pre>

<h4 id="Résultat_2">Résultat</h4>

<p>{{ EmbedLiveSample('Focus_on_a_button') }}</p>

<h3 id="Focus_prevent_scroll" name="Focus_prevent_scroll">Focus avec option</h3>

<h4 id="JavaScript_3">JavaScript</h4>

<pre class="brush: js line-numbers  language-js"><code class="language-js">focusScrollMethod <span class="operator token">=</span> <span class="keyword token">function</span> <span class="function token">getFocus</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span> <span class="punctuation token">{</span>
  document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">getElementById</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">"myButton"</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">focus</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">{</span>preventScroll<span class="punctuation token">:</span><span class="keyword token">false</span><span class="punctuation token">}</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
<span class="punctuation token">}</span>
focusNoScrollMethod <span class="operator token">=</span> <span class="keyword token">function</span> <span class="function token">getFocusWithoutScrolling</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span> <span class="punctuation token">{</span>
  document<span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">getElementById</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="string token">"myButton"</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">.</span><span class="function token">focus</span><span class="punctuation token">(</span><span class="punctuation token">{</span>preventScroll<span class="punctuation token">:</span><span class="keyword token">true</span><span class="punctuation token">}</span><span class="punctuation token">)</span><span class="punctuation token">;</span>
<span class="punctuation token">}</span></code></pre>

<h4 id="HTML_3">HTML</h4>

<pre class="brush: html line-numbers  language-html"><code class="language-html"><span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>button</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>button<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">onclick</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>focusScrollMethod()<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>Cliquez-moi pour donner le focus au bouton!<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>button</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>button</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>button<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">onclick</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>focusNoScrollMethod()<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>Cliquez-moi pour donner le focus au bouton sans défilement!<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>button</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>div</span> <span class="attr-name token">id</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>container<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="language-css style-attr token"><span class="attr-name token"> <span class="attr-name token">style</span></span><span class="punctuation token">="</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="property token">height</span><span class="punctuation token">:</span> <span class="number token">1000</span>px<span class="punctuation token">;</span> <span class="property token">width</span><span class="punctuation token">:</span> <span class="number token">1000</span>px<span class="punctuation token">;</span></span><span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;</span>button</span> <span class="attr-name token">type</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>button<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span> <span class="attr-name token">id</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="punctuation token">=</span><span class="punctuation token">"</span>myButton<span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="language-css style-attr token"><span class="attr-name token"> <span class="attr-name token">style</span></span><span class="punctuation token">="</span><span class="attr-value token"><span class="property token">margin-top</span><span class="punctuation token">:</span> <span class="number token">500</span>px<span class="punctuation token">;</span></span><span class="punctuation token">"</span></span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;Cliquez</span></span>!<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>button</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="tag token"><span class="tag token"><span class="punctuation token">&lt;/</span>div</span><span class="punctuation token">&gt;</span></span></code></pre>

<h4 id="Résultat_3">Résultat</h4>

<p>{{ EmbedLiveSample('Focus_prevent_scroll') }}</p>

<h2 id="Specification" name="Specification">Spécification</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
   <th scope="col">Status</th>
   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML WHATWG', 'editing.html#dom-focus', 'focus')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML WHATWG')}}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML5.1', 'editing.html#focus()-0', 'focus')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML5.1')}}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('HTML5 W3C', 'editing.html#dom-focus', 'focus')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('HTML5 W3C')}}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('DOM2 HTML', 'html.html#ID-32130014', 'focus')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('DOM2 HTML')}}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName('DOM1', 'level-one-html.html#method-focus', 'focus')}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2('DOM1')}}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>

<p>Si vous appelez <code>HTMLElement.focus()</code> à partir d'un gestionnaire d'événement mousedown, vous devez appeler <code>event.preventDefault()</code> pour empêcher le focus de quitter l'<code>HTMLElement</code>.</p>

<h2 id="Compatibilité_des_navigateurs">Compatibilité des navigateurs</h2>

<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p>

<div id="compat-desktop">
<table>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Fonctionnalité</th>
   <th>Chrome</th>
   <th>Firefox</th>
   <th>Edge</th>
   <th>Internet Explorer</th>
   <th>Opera</th>
   <th>Safari (WebKit)</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Support basique</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>focusOptions</code></td>
   <td>{{CompatChrome(64)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatOperaMobile(51)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div id="compat-mobile">
<table>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th>Fonctionnalité</th>
   <th>Android Webview</th>
   <th>Chrome for Android</th>
   <th>Firefox Mobile</th>
   <th>Edge mobile</th>
   <th>IE mobile</th>
   <th>Opera Android</th>
   <th>Safari iOS</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Support basique</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code>focusOptions</code></td>
   <td>{{CompatChrome(64)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatChrome(64)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatOperaMobile(51)}}</td>
   <td>{{CompatNo}}</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2>

<ul>
 <li>La méthode DOM {{domxref("HTMLElement.blur()")}} pour retirer le focus.</li>
 <li>{{domxref('document.activeElement')}} pour savoir quel élément a actuellement le focus.</li>
</ul>