path: root/files/ja/web/css/transition-timing-function/index.html

---
title: transition-timing-function
slug: Web/CSS/transition-timing-function
tags:
  - CSS
  - CSS Reference
  - 'CSS:Mozilla Extensions'
  - Fixit
  - NeedsNewCompatTable
translation_of: Web/CSS/transition-timing-function
---
<div>{{CSSRef}}</div>

<p>CSS の <strong><code>transition-timing-function</code></strong> プロパティは、<a href="/ja/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions/Using_CSS_transitions">トランジション効果</a>の作用を受ける CSS プロパティにおいて、中間状態の値を算出する方法を設定するために使用されます。</p>

<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/css/transition-timing-function.html")}}</div>

<p class="hidden">このデモのソースファイルは GitHub リポジトリに格納されています。デモプロジェクトに協力したい場合は、 <a href="https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples">https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples</a> をクローンしてプルリクエストを送信してください。</p>

<p>このプロパティは、簡単に言えば加速曲線を定義するもので、それによりトランジション実行中の値の変更速度を操作することができます。</p>

<p>この加速曲線は、トランジションが行われるプロパティごとに 1 つの {{cssxref("&lt;timing-function&gt;")}} を用いて定義されます。</p>

<p>複数のタイミング関数を指定することができます。それぞれのタイミング関数は、 {{ cssxref("transition-property") }} で指定されたように対応するプロパティに適用され、 <code>transition-property</code> のリストとして振るまいます。指定されたタイミング関数が <code>transition-property</code> のリストより少ない場合は、ユーザーエージェントはリスト内の値をそれぞれのトランジションプロパティのうちの値になるまで繰り返してどの値が使用されるかを計算します。関数の数が多い場合は、リストを適切な長さに切り詰めます。どちらの場合も、 CSS の宣言として妥当です。</p>

<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">構文</h2>

<pre class="syntaxbox">/* キーワード値 */
transition-timing-function: ease;
transition-timing-function: ease-in;
transition-timing-function: ease-out;
transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
transition-timing-function: linear;
transition-timing-function: step-start;
transition-timing-function: step-end;

/* 関数値 */
transition-timing-function: steps(4, jump-end);
transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.1, 0.7, 1.0, 0.1);

/* 段階式の関数のキーワード */
transition-timing-function: steps(4, jump-start);
transition-timing-function: steps(10, jump-end);
transition-timing-function: steps(20, jump-none);
transition-timing-function: steps(5, jump-both);
transition-timing-function: steps(6, start);
transition-timing-function: steps(8, end);

/* 複数のタイミング関数 */
transition-timing-function: ease, step-start, cubic-bezier(0.1, 0.7, 1.0, 0.1);

/* グローバル値 */
transition-timing-function: inherit;
transition-timing-function: initial;
transition-timing-function: unset;</pre>

<h3 id="Values" name="Values">値</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><code>&lt;timing-function&gt;</code></dt>
 <dd>各々の {{cssxref("&lt;timing-function&gt;")}} は {{ cssxref("transition-property") }} で指定された、トランジションを行うプロパティに対応するタイミング関数を表します。
 <p>非段階のキーワード値 (ease, linear, ease-in-out, など) はそれぞれ4つの固定点による二次元ベジェ曲線を表しており、 cubic-bezier() 関数の値は定義済みの値以外を使用することができます。 The step timing functions divides the input time into a specified number of intervals that are equal in length. It is defined by a number of steps and a step position.</p>

 <dl>
  <dt><code>ease</code></dt>
  <dd>Equal to <code>cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1.0)</code>, the default value, increases in velocity towards the middle of the transition, slowing back down at the end.</dd>
  <dt><code>linear</code></dt>
  <dd>Equal to <code>cubic-bezier(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0)</code>, transitions at an even speed.</dd>
  <dt><code>ease-in</code></dt>
  <dd>Equal to <code>cubic-bezier(0.42, 0, 1.0, 1.0)</code>, starts off slowly, with the transition speed increasing until complete.</dd>
  <dt><code>ease-out</code></dt>
  <dd>Equal to <code>cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.58, 1.0)</code>, starts transitioning quickly, slowing down the transition continues. •</dd>
  <dt><code>ease-in-out</code></dt>
  <dd>Equal to <code>cubic-bezier(0.42, 0, 0.58, 1.0)</code>, starts transitioning slowly, speeds up, and then slows down again.</dd>
  <dt><code>cubic-bezier(p1, p2, p3, p4)</code></dt>
  <dd>An author defined cubic-Bezier curve, where the p1 and p3 values must be in the range of 0 to 1.</dd>
  <dt><code>steps( n, &lt;jumpterm&gt;)</code></dt>
  <dd>Displays the transition along <em>n stops along the transition, displaying each stop for </em>equal lengths of time. For example, if <em>n</em> is 5,  there are 5 steps. Whether the transition holds temporarily at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, on the 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, or makes 5 stops between the 0% and 100% along the transition, or makes 5 stops including the 0% and 100% marks (on the 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) depends on which of the following jump terms is used:
  <dl>
   <dt><code>jump-start</code></dt>
   <dd>Denotes a left-continuous function, so that the first jump happens when the transition begins;</dd>
   <dt><code>jump-end</code></dt>
   <dd>Denotes a right-continuous function, so that the last jump happens when the animation ends;</dd>
   <dt><code>jump-none</code></dt>
   <dd>There is no jump on either end. Instead, holding at both the 0% mark and the 100% mark, each for 1/n of the duration</dd>
   <dt><code>jump-both</code></dt>
   <dd>Includes pauses at both the 0% and 100% marks, effectively adding a step during the transition time.</dd>
   <dt><code>start</code></dt>
   <dd>Same as <code>jump-start.</code></dd>
   <dt><code>end</code></dt>
   <dd>Same as <code>jump-end.</code></dd>
  </dl>
  </dd>
  <dt><code>step-start</code></dt>
  <dd>Equal to <code>steps(1, jump-start)</code></dd>
  <dt><code>step-end</code></dt>
  <dd>Equal to <code>steps(1, jump-end)</code></dd>
 </dl>
 </dd>
</dl>

<h3 id="Formal_syntax" name="Formal_syntax">形式文法</h3>

{{csssyntax}}

<h2 id="Examples" name="Examples">例</h2>

<div>
<h3 id="Cubic-Bezier_examples">Cubic-Bezier examples</h3>

<div class="hidden">
<pre class="brush:html">&lt;div class="parent"&gt;
  &lt;div class="ease"&gt;ease&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="easein"&gt;ease-in&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="easeout"&gt;ease-out&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="easeinout"&gt;ease-in-out&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="linear"&gt;linear&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="cb"&gt;cubic-bezier(0.2,-2,0.8,2)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</pre>

<pre class="brush:css;">.parent {}
.parent &gt; div[class] {
    width: 12em;
    min-width: 12em;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    background-color: black;
    border: 1px solid red;
    color: white;
    transition-property: all;
    transition-duration: 7s;
}
.parent &gt; div.box1{
    width: 90vw;
    min-width: 24em;
    background-color: magenta;
    color: yellow;
    border: 1px solid orange;
    transition-property: all;
    transition-duration: 2s;
}
</pre>

<pre class="brush:js">function updateTransition() {
  var els = document.querySelectorAll(".parent &gt; div[class]");
  for(var c = els.length, i = 0; i &lt; c; i++) {
     els[i].classList.toggle("box1");
  }
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 10000);
</pre>
</div>

<pre class="brush: css">.ease {
   transition-timing-function: ease;
}
.easein {
   transition-timing-function: ease-in;
}
.easeout {
   transition-timing-function: ease-out;
}
.easeinout {
   transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
}
.linear {
   transition-timing-function: linear;
}
.cb {
   transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.2,-2,0.8,2);
}</pre>

<div>{{EmbedLiveSample("Cubic-Bezier_examples")}}</div>
</div>

<div>
<h3 id="Step_examples">Step examples</h3>

<div class="hidden">
<pre class="brush:html">&lt;div class="parent"&gt;
  &lt;div class="jump-start"&gt;jump-start&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="jump-end"&gt;jump-end&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="jump-both"&gt;jump-both&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="jump-none"&gt;jump-none&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="step-start"&gt;step-start&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class="step-end"&gt;step-end&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</pre>

<pre class="brush:css;">.parent {}
.parent &gt; div[class] {
    width: 12em;
    min-width: 12em;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    background-color: black;
    border: 1px solid red;
    color: white;
    transition-property: all;
    transition-duration:7s;
}
.parent &gt; div.box1{
    width: 90vw;
    min-width: 24em;
    background-color: magenta;
    color: yellow;
    border: 1px solid orange;
    transition-property: all;
    transition-duration:2s;
}
</pre>

<pre class="brush:js">function updateTransition() {
  var els = document.querySelectorAll(".parent &gt; div[class]");
  for(var c = els.length, i = 0; i &lt; c; i++) {
     els[i].classList.toggle("box1");
  }
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 10000);
</pre>
</div>

<pre class="brush: css">.jump-start {
   transition-timing-function: steps(5, jump-start);
}
.jump-end {
   transition-timing-function: steps(5, jump-end);
}
.jump-none {
   transition-timing-function: steps(5, jump-none);
}
.jump-both {
   transition-timing-function: steps(5, jump-both);
}
.step-start {
   transition-timing-function: step-start;
}
.step-end {
   transition-timing-function: step-end;
}</pre>

<div>{{EmbedLiveSample("Step_examples")}}</div>
</div>

<h2 id="Accessibility_concerns" name="Accessibility_concerns">アクセシビリティの考慮事項</h2>

<p>Some animations can be helpful such as to guide users to understand what actions are expected, to show relationships within the user interface, and to inform users as to what actions have occurred. Animations can help reduce cognitive load, prevent change blindness, and establish better recall in spatial relationships. However, some animations can be problematic for people with cognitive concerns such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and certain kinds of motion can be a trigger for Vestibular disorders, epilepsy, and migraine and Scotopic sensitivity.</p>

<p>Consider providing a mechanism for pausing or disabling animation, as well as using the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion">Reduced Motion Media Query</a> to create a complimentary experience for users who have expressed a preference for no animated experiences.</p>

<h2 id="Specifications" name="Specifications">仕様書</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">仕様書</th>
   <th scope="col">状態</th>
   <th scope="col">備考</th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td>{{ SpecName('CSS3 Transitions', '#transition-timing-function-property', 'transition-timing-function') }}</td>
   <td>{{ Spec2('CSS3 Transitions') }}</td>
   <td>初回定義</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<p>{{cssinfo}}</p>

<h2 id="Browser_compatibility" name="Browser_compatibility">ブラウザーの互換性</h2>

<div class="hidden">このページの互換性一覧表は構造化データから生成されています。データに協力していただけるのであれば、 <a class="external" href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> をチェックアウトしてプルリクエストを送信してください。</div>

<p>{{Compat("css.properties.transition-timing-function")}}</p>

<h2 id="See_also" name="See_also">関連情報</h2>

<ul>
 <li><a href="/ja/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Transitions/Using_CSS_transitions" title="CSS transition の使用">CSS transition の使用</a></li>
 <li>{{cssxref('transition')}}</li>
 <li>{{cssxref('transition-property')}}</li>
 <li>{{cssxref('transition-duration')}}</li>
 <li>{{cssxref('transition-delay')}}</li>
 <li>{{domxref("TransitionEvent")}}</li>
</ul>