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---
title: AudioListener
slug: Web/API/AudioListener
translation_of: Web/API/AudioListener
---
<p>{{ APIRef("Web Audio API") }}</p>
<p><code>AudioListener</code> 接口代表了人听音乐场景时声音的位置和方向, 和用于<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Audio_API/Web_audio_spatialisation_basics">音频空间化</a>。 所有{{domxref("PannerNode")}} 相对于 <code>AudioListener</code> 的空间化储存在{{domxref("BaseAudioContext.listener")}} 属性里.</p>
<p>特别需要注意的是一个环境中只能有一个收听者而且这不是{{domxref("AudioNode")}}.</p>
<p><img alt="We see the position, up and front vectors of an AudioListener, with the up and front vectors at 90° from the other." src="https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/14311/WebAudioListenerReduced.png" style="display: block; margin: 0 auto;"></p>
<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2>
<div class="note">
<p>position,forward和up值是以不同的语法设置和检索的。检索是通过访问来实现的，比如说 <code>AudioListener.positionX</code> ，设置相同属性时可以通过使用 <code>AudioListener.positionX.value</code> 来完成。 这就是为什么他们不被标记为只读， 这在规范的接口定义中就是这么说的.</p>
</div>
<dl>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.positionX")}}</dt>
<dd>在笛卡尔右手坐标系中代表一个收听者的水平坐标。默认值是 0.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.positionY")}}</dt>
<dd>Represents the vertical position of the listener in a right-hand cartesian coordinate sytem. The default is 0.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.positionZ")}}</dt>
<dd>Represents the longitudinal (back and forth) position of the listener in a right-hand cartesian coordinate sytem. The default is 0.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.forwardX")}}</dt>
<dd>在相同的笛卡尔坐标系中代表了收听者的面向的方向的水平坐标，就像 (<code>positionX</code>, <code>positionY</code>, 和 <code>positionZ</code>) 值一样。前方和上方值互相线性无关。默认值是 0.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.forwardY")}}</dt>
<dd>Represents the vertical position of the listener's forward direction in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position (<code>positionX</code>, <code>positionY</code>, and <code>positionZ</code>) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 0.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.forwardZ")}}</dt>
<dd>Represents the longitudinal (back and forth) position of the listener's forward direction in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position (<code>positionX</code>, <code>positionY</code>, and <code>positionZ</code>) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is -1.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.upX")}}</dt>
<dd>代表了收听者头顶在笛卡尔坐标系的水平位置，就像 (<code>positionX</code>, <code>positionY</code>, 和<code>positionZ</code>) 值一样。 前方和上方值线性无关。默认值是 0.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.upY")}}</dt>
<dd>Represents the vertical position of the top of the listener's head in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position (<code>positionX</code>, <code>positionY</code>, and <code>positionZ</code>) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 1.</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.upZ")}}</dt>
<dd>Represents the longitudinal (back and forth) position of the top of the listener's head in the same cartesian coordinate sytem as the position (<code>positionX</code>, <code>positionY</code>, and <code>positionZ</code>) values. The forward and up values are linearly independent of each other. The default is 0.</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="Methods">Methods</h2>
<dl>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.setOrientation()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt>
<dd>设置收听者的方向。</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.setPosition()")}} {{deprecated_inline}}</dt>
<dd>设置收听者的位置。</dd>
</dl>
<div class="note">
<p><strong>Note</strong>: Although these methods are deprecated they are currently the only way to set the orientation and position in Firefox, Internet Explorer and Safari.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="Deprecated_features">Deprecated features</h2>
<dl>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.dopplerFactor")}} {{obsolete_inline}}</dt>
<dd>一个Double值，表示在呈现 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_effect">多普勒效应</a> 时要使用的音高偏移量。</dd>
<dt>{{domxref("AudioListener.speedOfSound")}} {{obsolete_inline}}</dt>
<dd>一个Double值代表了声音的速度，以米每秒的单位计算。</dd>
</dl>
<p>In a previous version of the specification, the <code>dopplerFactor</code> and <code>speedOfSound</code> properties and the <code>setPosition()</code> method could be used to control the doppler effect applied to {{domxref("AudioBufferSourceNode")}}s connected downstream — these would be pitched up and down according to the relative speed of the {{domxref("PannerNode")}} and the {{domxref("AudioListener")}}. These features had a number of problems:</p>
<ul>
<li>Only {{domxref("AudioBufferSourceNode")}}s were pitched up or down, not other source nodes.</li>
<li>The behavior to adopt when an {{domxref("AudioBufferSourceNode")}} was connected to multiple {{domxref("PannerNode")}}s was unclear.</li>
<li>Because the velocity of the panner and the listener were not {{domxref("AudioParam")}}s, the pitch modification could not be smoothly applied, resulting in audio glitches.</li>
</ul>
<p>Because of these issues, these properties and methods have been removed.</p>
<p>The <code>setOrientation()</code> and <code>setPosition()</code> methods have been replaced by setting their property value equivilents. For example <code>setPosition(x, y, z)</code> can be achieved by setting <code>positionX.value</code>, <code>positionY.value</code>, and <code>positionZ.value</code> respectively.</p>
<dl>
</dl>
<h2 id="Example">Example</h2>
<p>{{page("/en-US/docs/Web/API/AudioContext.createPanner","Example")}}</p>
<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Specification</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Comment</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('Web Audio API', '#audiolistener', 'AudioListener')}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2('Web Audio API')}}</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2>
<div>
<p>{{Compat("api.AudioListener")}}</p>
</div>
<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web_Audio_API/Using_Web_Audio_API">Using the Web Audio API</a></li>
</ul>
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