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---
title: DataTransfer.getData()
slug: Web/API/DataTransfer/getData
translation_of: Web/API/DataTransfer/getData
---
<div>
<p>{{APIRef("HTML DOM")}}</p>
</div>
<p><strong><code>DataTransfer.getData()</code></strong> 方法接受指定类型的拖放（以{{domxref("DOMString")}}的形式）数据。如果拖放行为没有操作任何数据，会返回一个空字符串。</p>
<p>数据类型有：<code>text/plain</code>，<code>text/uri-list。</code></p>
<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
<pre class="syntaxbox">DOMString <var>dataTransfer</var>.getData(format);
</pre>
<h3 id="参数">参数</h3>
<dl>
<dt><em>format</em></dt>
<dd>{{domxref("DOMString")}}类型</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3>
<dl>
<dt>{{domxref("DOMString")}}</dt>
<dd>返回一个给定类型的{{domxref("DOMString")}}格式的数据。如果没有操作数据或者没有指定操作数据的类型，都会返回一个空字符串。</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="注意">注意</h3>
<p><a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-html5-20110113/dnd.html#drag-data-store-mode">HTML5 拖放规范</a> 规定了一个 <code>drag data store mode</code>。这可能会导致预期外的结果，即 <strong><code>DataTransfer.getData()</code> </strong>没有返回预期值。</p>
<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>
<p>这个例子展示了 {{domxref("DataTransfer")}}对象的{{domxref("DataTransfer.getData()","getData()")}}和{{domxref("DataTransfer.setData()","setData()")}}方法。</p>
<h3 id="HTML">HTML</h3>
<pre class="brush: html"><div id="div1" ondrop="drop(event)" ondragover="allowDrop(event)">
<span id="drag" draggable="true" ondragstart="drag(event)">drag me to the other box</span>
</div>
<div id="div2" ondrop="drop(event)" ondragover="allowDrop(event)"></div>
</pre>
<h3 id="CSS">CSS</h3>
<pre class="brush: css">#div1, #div2 {
width:100px;
height:50px;
padding:10px;
border:1px solid #aaaaaa;
}
</pre>
<h3 id="JavaScript">JavaScript</h3>
<pre class="brush: js">function allowDrop(allowdropevent) {
allowdropevent.target.style.color = 'blue';
allowdropevent.preventDefault();
}
function drag(dragevent) {
dragevent.dataTransfer.setData("text", dragevent.target.id);
dragevent.target.style.color = 'green';
}
function drop(dropevent) {
dropevent.preventDefault();
var data = dropevent.dataTransfer.getData("text");
dropevent.target.appendChild(document.getElementById(data));
document.getElementById("drag").style.color = 'black';
}
</pre>
<h3 id="结果">结果</h3>
<p id="EmbedLiveSample('Example'_''_''_''_'WebAPIDataTransfergetData')">{{ EmbedLiveSample('Example', 600) }}</p>
<h2 id="说明">说明</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Specification</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Comment</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName("HTML WHATWG", "interaction.html#dom-datatransfer-getdata", "getData()")}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2("HTML WHATWG")}}</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName("HTML5.1", "editing.html#dom-datatransfer-getdata", "getData()")}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2("HTML5.1")}}</td>
<td>Initial definition</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="兼容性">兼容性</h2>
<p>{{Compat("api.DataTransfer.getData")}}</p>
<h2 id="参考">参考</h2>
<p>{{page("/en-US/docs/Web/API/DataTransfer", "See also")}}</p>
|
