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---
title: Element.matches()
slug: Web/API/Element/matches
tags:
- Element.matches()
- js-30-days
- matches()
translation_of: Web/API/Element/matches
---
<p>{{APIRef("DOM")}}</p>
<p>如果元素被指定的选择器字符串选择，<strong><code>Element.matches()</code></strong> 方法返回true; 否则返回false。</p>
<div class="warning">
<p>有一些浏览器使用前缀, 在非标准名称 matchesSelector () 下实现了这个方法!</p>
</div>
<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">语法</h2>
<pre class="eval"><em>let result</em> = <em>element.matches(selectorString);</em>
</pre>
<ul>
<li><code>result</code> 的值为 <code>true</code> 或 <code>false</code>.</li>
<li><code>selectorString</code> 是个css选择器字符串.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="Example" name="Example">例子</h2>
<pre class="brush: html"><code><ul id="birds">
<li>Orange-winged parrot</li>
<li class="endangered">Philippine eagle</li>
<li>Great white pelican</li>
</ul>
<script type="text/javascript">
var birds = document.getElementsByTagName('li');
for (var i = 0; i < birds.length; i++) {
if (birds[i].matches('.endangered')) {
console.log('The ' + birds[i].textContent + ' is endangered!');
}
}
</script></code></pre>
<pre class="brush: js">
<div id="foo">This is the element!</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var el = document.getElementById("foo");
if (el.mozMatchesSelector("div")) {
alert("Match!");
}
</script>
</pre>
<p>会显示弹出框,因为"div"选择器可以选择到el元素.</p>
<h2 id="异常">异常</h2>
<dl>
<dt><code>SYNTAX_ERR</code> {{ gecko_minversion_inline("2.0") }}</dt>
<dd>如果给定的css选择器无效. 在 Gecko 2.0之前,该方法会返回<code>false,2.0之后</code>,会直接抛出异常.</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="替代方案(Polyfill)" style="margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 30px; font-size: 2.14285714285714rem;">替代方案(Polyfill)</h2>
<p>对于不支持 <code style="font-style: normal;">Element.matches()</code> 或<code><span style="font-family: consolas,monaco,andale mono,monospace;">Element.matchesSelector()，但支持</span></code><span style="font-family: consolas,monaco,andale mono,monospace;">document.querySelectorAll()方法的</span><code><span style="font-family: consolas,monaco,andale mono,monospace;">浏览器，存在以下替代方案</span></code></p>
<pre class="brush: js">
if (!Element.prototype.matches) {
Element.prototype.matches =
Element.prototype.matchesSelector ||
Element.prototype.mozMatchesSelector ||
Element.prototype.msMatchesSelector ||
Element.prototype.oMatchesSelector ||
Element.prototype.webkitMatchesSelector ||
function(s) {
var matches = (this.document || this.ownerDocument).querySelectorAll(s),
i = matches.length;
while (--i >= 0 && matches.item(i) !== this) {}
return i > -1;
};
}</pre>
<blockquote>
<p>关于Polyfill的补充:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyfill">Polyfill Wikipedia</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.moreonfew.com/what-are-polyfills-in-javascript/">What are Polyfills in Javascript ?</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="规范" style="margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 30px;">规范</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Specification</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Comment</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('Selectors API Level 2', '#matches', 'Element.matches')}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2('Selectors API Level 2')}}</td>
<td>Initial definition.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="浏览器兼容性" style="margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 30px;">浏览器兼容性</h2>
<p>{{Compat("api.Element.matches")}}</p>
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