path: root/files/zh-cn/web/api/parentnode/queryselectorall/index.html

---
title: ParentNode.querySelectorAll()
slug: Web/API/ParentNode/querySelectorAll
tags:
  - API
  - DOM
  - Document
  - ParentNode
  - 参考
  - 方法
  - 查找
  - 选择器
translation_of: Web/API/ParentNode/querySelectorAll
---
<div>{{ApiRef("DOM")}}</div>

<p>The {{domxref("ParentNode")}} mixin defines the <code><strong>querySelectorAll()</strong></code> method 返回一个 {{domxref("NodeList")}} 表示元素的列表，把当前的元素作为根与指定的选择器组相匹配。</p>

<p>如果你只需要一个结果，可以考虑使用{{domxref("ParentNode.querySelector", "querySelector()")}}方法来代替。</p>

<div class="note">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> This method is implemented as {{domxref("Element.querySelectorAll()")}}, {{domxref("Document.querySelectorAll()")}}, and {{domxref("DocumentFragment.querySelectorAll()")}}</p>
</div>

<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>

<pre class="syntaxbox notranslate"><var>elementList</var> = <em>parentNode</em>.querySelectorAll(<var>selectors</var>);
</pre>

<h3 id="参数">参数</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><code>selectors</code></dt>
 <dd>一个或多个<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Selectors">CSS选择器</a>，这些选择器由逗号隔开。</dd>
 <dd>A {{domxref("DOMString")}} containing one or more selectors to match against. This string must be a valid <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Selectors">CSS selector</a> string; if it's not, a <code>SyntaxError</code> exception is thrown. See <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document_object_model/Locating_DOM_elements_using_selectors">Locating DOM elements using selectors</a> for more information about using selectors to identify elements. Multiple selectors may be specified by separating them using commas.</dd>
</dl>

<div class="note">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Characters which are not part of standard CSS syntax must be escaped using a backslash character. Since JavaScript also uses backslash escaping, special care must be taken when writing string literals using these characters. See {{anch("Escaping special characters")}} for more information.</p>
</div>

<h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3>

<p>一个不存活的 {{domxref("NodeList")}} ，每个子节点拥有一个 {{domxref("Element")}} 对象，其中每个子节点至少与一个选择器相匹配。</p>

<div class="note">
<p><strong>Note:</strong> 如果指定的 <code>selectors</code> 包含<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Pseudo-elements">CSS pseudo-element</a>，那么返回的列表始终为空。</p>
</div>

<h3 id="Exceptions">Exceptions</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><code>SyntaxError</code></dt>
 <dd>The syntax of the specified <code>selectors</code> string is not valid.</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="例子">例子</h2>

<p>To obtain a {{domxref("NodeList")}} of all of the {{HTMLElement("p")}} elements in the document:</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var matches = document.querySelectorAll("p");</pre>

<p>这个例子返回了所有 class 为 "note" 或者 "alert" 的 div 元素的一个列表:</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var matches = document.querySelectorAll("div.note, div.alert");</pre>

<p>Here, we get a list of <code>&lt;p&gt;</code> elements whose immediate parent element is a {{domxref("div")}} with the class <code>"highlighted"</code> and which are located inside a container whose ID is <code>"test"</code>.</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var container = document.querySelector("#test");
var matches = container.querySelectorAll("div.highlighted &gt; p");</pre>

<p>This example uses an <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors">attribute selector</a> to return a list of the {{domxref("iframe")}} elements in the document that contain an attribute named <code>"data-src"</code>:</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var matches = document.querySelectorAll("iframe[data-src]");</pre>

<p>Here, an attribute selector is used to return a list of the list items contained within a list whose ID is <code>"userlist"</code> which have a <code>"data-active"</code> attribute whose value is <code>"1"</code>:</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var container = document.querySelector("#userlist");
var matches = container.querySelectorAll("li[data-active=1]");</pre>

<h2 id="User_notes">User notes</h2>

<p><code>querySelectorAll()</code> behaves differently than most common JavaScript DOM libraries, which might lead to unexpected results.</p>

<h3 id="HTML">HTML</h3>

<p>Consider this HTML, with its three nested {{HTMLElement("div")}} blocks.</p>

<pre class="brush: html notranslate">&lt;div class="outer"&gt;
  &lt;div class="select"&gt;
    &lt;div class="inner"&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</pre>

<h3 id="JavaScript">JavaScript</h3>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var select = document.querySelector('.select');
var inner = select.querySelectorAll('.outer .inner');
inner.length; // 1, not 0!
</pre>

<p>In this example, when selecting <code>".outer .inner"</code> in the context the <code>&lt;div&gt;</code> with the class <code>"select"</code>, the element with the class <code>".inner"</code> is still found, even though <code>.outer</code> is not a descendant of the base element on which the search is performed (<code>".select"</code>). By default, <code>querySelectorAll()</code> only verifies that the last element in the selector is within the search scope.</p>

<p>The {{cssxref(":scope")}} pseudo-class restores the expected behavior, only matching selectors on descendants of the base element:</p>

<pre class="brush: js notranslate">var select = document.querySelector('.select');
var inner = select.querySelectorAll(':scope .outer .inner');
inner.length; // 0</pre>

<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">Specification</th>
   <th scope="col">Status</th>
   <th scope="col">Comment</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName("DOM WHATWG", "#dom-parentnode-queryselectorall", "ParentNode.querySelectorAll()")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2("DOM WHATWG")}}</td>
   <td>Living standard</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName("Selectors API Level 2", "#dom-parentnode-queryselectorall", "ParentNode.querySelectorAll()")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2("Selectors API Level 2")}}</td>
   <td>No change</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName("DOM4", "#dom-parentnode-queryselectorall", "ParentNode.querySelectorAll()")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2("DOM4")}}</td>
   <td>Initial definition</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName("Selectors API Level 1", "#interface-definitions", "document.querySelector()")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2("Selectors API Level 1")}}</td>
   <td>Original definition</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2>



<p>{{Compat("api.ParentNode.querySelectorAll")}}</p>

<h2 id="参见">参见</h2>

<ul>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document_object_model/Locating_DOM_elements_using_selectors">Locating DOM elements using selectors</a></li>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Code_snippets/QuerySelector">Code snippets for <code>querySelector()</code></a></li>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Attribute_selectors">Attribute selectors</a> in the CSS Guide</li>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Introduction_to_CSS/Attribute_selectors">Attribute selectors</a> in the MDN Learning Area</li>
 <li>This method is available as {{domxref("Element.querySelectorAll()")}}, {{domxref("Document.querySelectorAll()")}}, and {{domxref("DocumentFragment.querySelectorAll()")}}</li>
</ul>