path: root/files/zh-cn/web/css/grid-template/index.html

---
title: grid-template
slug: Web/CSS/grid-template
tags:
  - CSS
  - CSS Grid
  - CSS 网格
translation_of: Web/CSS/grid-template
---
<p><strong><code>grid-template</code></strong>，CSS属性简写，用以定义网格中{{glossary("grid rows", "行")}}、{{glossary("grid column", "列")}}与{{glossary("grid areas", "分区")}}。</p>

<p>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/css/grid-template.html")}}</p>

<p>所简写属性：{{cssxref("grid-template-rows")}}、{{cssxref("grid-template-columns")}}与{{cssxref("grid-template-areas")}}。</p>

<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>

<pre class="brush: css no-line-numbers">/* 值为关键词 */
grid-template: none;

/* 为 grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns */
grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr;
grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto;
grid-template: [linename] 100px / [columnname1] 30% [columnname2] 70%;
grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%);

/* 为 grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column */
grid-template: "a a a"
               "b b b";
grid-template: "a a a" 20%
               "b b b" auto;
grid-template: [header-top] "a a a"     [header-bottom]
                 [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom]
                            / auto 1fr auto;

/* 为全局值 */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: unset;
</pre>

<h3 id="可设值">可设值</h3>

<dl>
 <dt><code>none</code></dt>
 <dd>关键词，设上文“所简写属性”为<code>none</code>，即恢复默认设置。行列隐式生成，{{cssxref("grid-auto-rows")}}与{{cssxref("grid-auto-columns")}}定其尺寸。</dd>
 <dt><code>&lt;'grid-template-rows'&gt; / &lt;'grid-template-columns'&gt;</code></dt>
 <dd>指定{{cssxref("grid-template-rows")}}与{{cssxref("grid-template-columns")}}之值，并设{{cssxref("grid-template-areas")}}为<code>none</code>。</dd>
 <dt><code>[ &lt;line-names&gt;? &lt;string&gt; &lt;track-size&gt;? &lt;line-names&gt;? ]+ [ / &lt;explicit-track-list&gt; ]?</code></dt>
 <dd>设{{cssxref("grid-template-areas")}}为列得<code>&lt;string&gt;</code>、{{cssxref("grid-template-columns")}}为<font face="consolas, Liberation Mono, courier, monospace"><span style="background-color: rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5);">&lt;explicit-track-list&gt;</span></font>（默认为<code>none</code>）、{{cssxref("grid-template-rows")}}为<code>&lt;track-size&gt;</code>（默认为<code>auto</code>）并拼接尺寸前后所定义之行。<br>

 <p class="note">注：轨道被用以与“ASCII art”（即字符画，此处指<code>&lt;string&gt;</code>）中行列逐一视觉对齐，故<code>&lt;explicit-track-list&gt;</code>中不允许{{cssxref("repeat()")}}。</p>
 </dd>
</dl>

<p class="note"><strong>注：</strong>{{cssxref("grid")}}可如此用，但将重置隐式网格属性。Use <code>grid</code> (as opposed to <code>grid-template</code>) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.</p>

<h3 id="语法形式">语法形式</h3>

{{csssyntax}}

<h2 id="示例">示例</h2>

<h3 id="CSS">CSS</h3>

<pre class="brush:css; highlight[5-8]">#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
                 [main-left]   "nav  main" 1fr  [main-right]
                 [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
                 / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-column: foot;
}</pre>

<h3 id="HTML">HTML</h3>

<pre class="brush:html">&lt;section id="page"&gt;
  &lt;header&gt;Header&lt;/header&gt;
  &lt;nav&gt;Navigation&lt;/nav&gt;
  &lt;main&gt;Main area&lt;/main&gt;
  &lt;footer&gt;Footer&lt;/footer&gt;
&lt;/section&gt;</pre>

<h3 id="结果">结果</h3>

<p>{{EmbedLiveSample("Examples", "100%", "200px")}}</p>

<h2 id="规范">规范</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th scope="col">规范</th>
   <th scope="col">状态</th>
   <th scope="col">备注</th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td>{{SpecName("CSS3 Grid", "#propdef-grid-template", "grid-template")}}</td>
   <td>{{Spec2("CSS3 Grid")}}</td>
   <td>初定</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>



<p>{{cssinfo}}</p>

<h2 id="浏览器兼容性">浏览器兼容性</h2>

<p>{{Compat("css.properties.grid-template")}}</p>

<h2 id="相关链接">相关链接</h2>

<ul>
 <li>相关CSS属性：{{cssxref("grid-template-rows")}}、{{cssxref("grid-template-columns")}}、{{cssxref("grid-template-areas")}}</li>
 <li>网格布局指导：
  <ul>
   <li><em><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Line-based_Placement_with_CSS_Grid">CSS网格中基于线的定位</a></em></li>
   <li><em><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Grid_Template_Areas#网格定义的简写规则">网格定义的简写规则</a></em></li>
  </ul>
 </li>
 <li>视频教程：<em> <a href="http://gridbyexample.com/video/grid-template-shorthand/">Grid Template shorthand</a></em></li>
</ul>

<section class="Quick_links" id="Quick_Links">
<ol>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS"><strong>CSS</strong></a></li>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference"><strong>CSS Reference</strong></a></li>
 <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout">CSS Grid Layout</a></li>
 <li data-default-state="open"><a href="#"><strong>Guides</strong></a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Basic_Concepts_of_Grid_Layout">Basics concepts of grid layout</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Relationship_of_Grid_Layout">Relationship to other layout methods</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Line-based_Placement_with_CSS_Grid">Line-based placement</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Grid_Template_Areas">Grid template areas</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Layout_using_Named_Grid_Lines">Layout using named grid lines</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Auto-placement_in_CSS_Grid_Layout">Auto-placement in grid layout</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Box_Alignment_in_CSS_Grid_Layout">Box alignment in grid layout</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid,_Logical_Values_and_Writing_Modes">Grids, logical values and writing modes</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_Layout_and_Accessibility">CSS Grid Layout and Accessibility</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/CSS_Grid_and_Progressive_Enhancement">CSS Grid Layout and Progressive Enhancement</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Realizing_common_layouts_using_CSS_Grid_Layout">Realizing common layouts using grids</a></li>
  </ol>
 </li>
 <li data-default-state="open"><a href="#"><strong>Properties</strong></a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid">grid</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-area">grid-area</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-columns">grid-auto-columns</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-flow">grid-auto-flow</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-auto-rows">grid-auto-rows</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column">grid-column</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column-end">grid-column-end</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column-gap">grid-column-gap</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-column-start">grid-column-start</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-gap">grid-gap</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row">grid-row</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row-end">grid-row-end</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row-gap">grid-row-gap</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-row-start">grid-row-start</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template">grid-template</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-areas">grid-template-areas</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-columns">grid-template-colunms</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template-rows">grid-template-rows</a></li>
  </ol>
 </li>
 <li data-default-state="open"><a href="#"><strong>Glossary</strong></a>
  <ol>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Grid_lines">Grid lines</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Grid_tracks">Grid tracks</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Grid_cell">Grid cell</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Grid_areas">Grid areas</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Gutters">Gutters</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Grid_rows">Grid row</a></li>
   <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Grid_column">Grid column</a></li>
  </ol>
 </li>
</ol>
</section>