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---
title: matrix3d()
slug: Web/CSS/transform-function/matrix3d()
translation_of: Web/CSS/transform-function/matrix3d()
---
<div>{{CSSRef}}</div>
<p><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS">CSS</a> 函数 <strong><code>matrix3d()</code></strong> 以4x4齐次矩阵的形式定义一个3D转换。其结果是一个 {{cssxref("<transform-function>")}} 数据类型。</p>
<h2 id="语法">语法</h2>
<p><code>matrix3d()</code> 函数由16个参数指定. 这些参数以列为主的顺序进行描述。</p>
<pre class="syntaxbox notranslate">matrix3d(<var>a1</var>, <var>b1</var>, <var>c1</var>, <var>d1</var>, <var>a2</var>, <var>b2</var>, <var>c2</var>, <var>d2</var>, <var>a3</var>, <var>b3</var>, <var>c3</var>, <var>d3</var>, <var>a4</var>, <var>b4</var>, <var>c4</var>, <var>d4</var>)</pre>
<h3 id="Values">Values</h3>
<dl>
<dt><var>a1</var> <var>b1</var> <var>c1</var> <var>d1</var> <var>a2</var> <var>b2</var> <var>c2</var> <var>d2</var> <var>a3</var> <var>b3</var> <var>c3</var> <var>d3</var></dt>
<dd>Are {{cssxref("<number>")}}s describing the linear transformation.</dd>
<dt><var>a4</var> <var>b4</var> <var>c4 d4</var></dt>
<dd>Are {{cssxref("<number>")}}s describing the translation to apply.</dd>
</dl>
<div class="note"><strong>Note:</strong> Until Firefox 16, Gecko accepted a {{cssxref("<length>")}} value for <var>a4</var>, <var>b4</var> and <var>c4</var>.</div>
<table class="standard-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Cartesian coordinates on ℝ<sup>2</sup></th>
<th scope="col">Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ<sup>2</sup></th>
<th scope="col">Cartesian coordinates on ℝ<sup>3</sup></th>
<th scope="col">Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ<sup>3</sup></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="2">This transformation applies to the 3D space and can't be represented on the plane.</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="2">A generic 3D <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine_transformation">affine transformation</a> can't be represented using a Cartesian-coordinate matrix, as translations are not linear transformations.</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="2"><math><mfenced><mtable><mtr><mtd>a1</mtd><mtd>a2</mtd><mtd>a3</mtd><mtd>a4</mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd>b1</mtd><mtd>b2</mtd><mtd>b3</mtd><mtd>b4</mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd>c1</mtd><mtd>c2</mtd><mtd>c3</mtd><mtd>c4</mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd>d1</mtd><mtd>d2</mtd><mtd>d3</mtd><mtd>d4</mtd></mtr></mtable> </mfenced> </math></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="Matrix_translation_and_scale_example">Matrix translation and scale example</h2>
<h3 id="HTML">HTML</h3>
<pre class="brush: html notranslate"><div class="foo">
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.
Quos quaerat sit soluta, quisquam exercitationem delectus qui unde in facere
necessitatibus aut quia porro dolorem nesciunt enim, at consequuntur aliquam esse?
</div>
</pre>
<h3 id="CSS">CSS</h3>
<pre class="brush: css notranslate">html {
width: 100%;
}
body {
height: 100vh;
/* Centering content */
display: flex;
flex-flow: row wrap;
justify-content: center;
align-content: center;
}
.foo {
width: 50%;
padding: 1em;
color: white;
background: #ff8c66;
border: 2px dashed black;
text-align: center;
font-family: system-ui, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
/* Setting up animation for better demonstration */
animation: MotionScale 2s alternate linear infinite;
}
@keyframes MotionScale {
from {
/*
Identity matrix is used as basis here.
The matrix below describes the
following transformations:
Translates every X point by -50px
Translates every Y point by -100px
Translates every Z point by 0
Scales down by 10%
*/
transform: matrix3d(
1,0,0,0,
0,1,0,0,
0,0,1,0,
-50,-100,0,1.1
);
}
50% {
transform: matrix3d(
1,0,0,0,
0,1,0,0,
0,0,1,0,
0,0,0,0.9
);
}
to {
transform: matrix3d(
1,0,0,0,
0,1,0,0,
0,0,1,0,
50,100,0,1.1
)
}
}</pre>
<h3 id="Result">Result</h3>
<div>{{EmbedLiveSample('Matrix_translation_and_scale_example', '100%', '400px')}}</div>
<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Specification</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Comment</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName("CSS Transforms 2", "#funcdef-matrix3d", "matrix3d()")}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2("CSS Transforms 2")}}</td>
<td>Initial definition</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2>
<p>Please see the <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-function#Browser_compatibility"><transform-function></a></code> data type for compatibility info.</p>
<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li>{{cssxref("transform")}}</li>
<li>{{cssxref("<transform-function>")}}</li>
<li><a href="https://dev.opera.com/articles/understanding-the-css-transforms-matrix/">Understanding the CSS Transforms Matrix</a></li>
</ul>
|
