path: root/files/zh-cn/web/html/attributes/index.html

---
title: HTML 属性参考
slug: Web/HTML/Attributes
tags:
  - Attribute
  - HTML
  - IDL
  - 元素
  - 元素属性
  - 参考
  - 属性
translation_of: Web/HTML/Attributes
---
<p>HTML中的元素拥有属性（attribute）；这些额外的属性值可以配置元素或者以各种方式来调整元素的行为，进而满足用户所需的标准。</p>

<h2 id="属性列表">属性列表</h2>

<table class="standard-table">
 <thead>
  <tr>
   <th>属性名</th>
   <th>元素</th>
   <th>描述</th>
  </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/accept">accept</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("form") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}</td>
   <td>服务器接受内容或文件类型的列表。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/accept-charset">accept-charset</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("form") }}</td>
   <td>支持的字符集列表。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/accesskey">accesskey</a></td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>定义键盘快捷键来激活或者聚焦元素</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/action">action</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("form") }}</td>
   <td>表单信息提交的url地址，指向进行处理的程序。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/align">align</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("applet") }}, {{ HTMLElement("caption") }}, {{ HTMLElement("col") }}, {{ HTMLElement("colgroup") }},  {{ HTMLElement("hr") }}, {{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}, {{ HTMLElement("img") }}, {{ HTMLElement("table") }}, {{ HTMLElement("tbody") }},  {{ HTMLElement("td") }},  {{ HTMLElement("tfoot") }} , {{ HTMLElement("th") }}, {{ HTMLElement("thead") }}, {{ HTMLElement("tr") }}</td>
   <td>设置元素的水平对齐。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/allow">allow</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies a feature-policy for the iframe.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/alt">alt</a></td>
   <td>
    <p>{{ HTMLElement("applet") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}, {{ HTMLElement("img") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}</p>
   </td>
   <td>在图片无法呈现时的替代文本。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/async">async</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("script") }}</td>
   <td>表示该脚本应该异步执行。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/autocapitalize">autocapitalize</a></td>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Sets whether input is automatically capitalized when entered by user</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/autocomplete">autocomplete</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("form") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>表示该表单中是否可以由浏览器自动完成填值。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/autofocus">autofocus</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("button") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("keygen") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>在网页加载后该元素应该自动聚焦。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/autoplay">autoplay</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("audio") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td> audio或video应该自动播放</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>background</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("body") }}, {{ HTMLElement("table") }}, {{ HTMLElement("td") }}, {{ HTMLElement("th") }}</td>
   <td>指定图像文件的URL。
    <div class="blockIndicator note">
    <p>注意：虽然浏览器和电子邮件客户端可能仍然支持此属性，但它已过时。改用css{{Cssxref("back-image")}}。</p>
    </div>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>bgcolor</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("body") }}, {{ HTMLElement("col") }}, {{ HTMLElement("colgroup") }}, {{ HTMLElement("marquee") }}, {{ HTMLElement("table") }}, {{ HTMLElement("tbody") }}, {{ HTMLElement("tfoot") }}, {{ HTMLElement("td") }}, {{ HTMLElement("th") }}, {{ HTMLElement("tr") }}</td>
   <td>
    <p>元素的背景颜色。</p>

    <p>NOTE：这是一个遗留属性，请使用css{“background-color":}代替。</p>
   </td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td>border</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("img") }}, {{ HTMLElement("object") }}, {{ HTMLElement("table") }}</td>
   <td>
    <p>边框宽度。</p>

    <p>Note:这是遗留属性，请使用 CSS {{ Cssxref("border") }} 属性代替。</p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/buffered">buffered</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("audio") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>包含已缓存媒体的时间范围。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/capture">capture</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}</td>
   <td>From the <a href="https://w3c.github.io/html-media-capture/#the-capture-attribute" hreflang="en" lang="en" rel="noopener">HTML Media Capture<br>
    <small lang="en-US">The definition of 'media capture' in that specification.</small></a>spec, specifies a new file can be captured.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>challenge</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("keygen") }}</td>
   <td>与公钥一起提交的挑战字符。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/charset">charset</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("meta") }}, {{ HTMLElement("script") }}</td>
   <td>申明该页面或脚本的字符编码。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/checked">checked</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("command") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}</td>
   <td>指出该元素在页面加载后是否处于选中状态。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/cite">cite</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("blockquote") }}, {{ HTMLElement("del") }}, {{ HTMLElement("ins") }}, {{ HTMLElement("q") }}</td>
   <td>包含一个URI，用来指明引用或修改的源地址。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/class">class</a></td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>经常和CSS一起配合使用来修饰元素。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/code">code</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("applet") }}</td>
   <td>标明被加载和执行的applet类文件的URL。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/codebase">codebase</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("applet") }}</td>
   <td>指出存放applet类文件基本URL地址(绝对或相对)，这些文件由code属性标明。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>color</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("basefont") }}, {{ HTMLElement("font") }}, {{ HTMLElement("hr") }}</td>
   <td>
    <p>此属性可用于指定颜色, 颜色值一般有两种表示:</p>

    <p>1. 以`#`号开头的RGB十六进制数,如#112233, 其中11表示的是R(红),22表示的是G绿(),33表示的是B(蓝)</p>

    <p>2. 颜色的英文单词名,如`red`表示红色</p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/cols">cols</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>定义一个textarea中包含多少列。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/colspan">colspan</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("td") }}, {{ HTMLElement("th") }}</td>
   <td>该属性一般用在td标签中,用于指定一个单元格占用多少列,例如:&lt;td colspan='2'&gt;表示占用一个单元格占2列.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/content">content</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("meta") }}</td>
   <td>A value associated with <code>http-equiv</code> or <code>name</code> depending on the context.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/contenteditable">contenteditable</a></td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>指出该元素的内容是否可以被编辑。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/contextmenu">contextmenu</a></td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>定义将用作元素上下文菜单的{{HTMLElement("Menu")}}元素的ID。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/controls">controls</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("audio") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>指出浏览器是否对用户显示播放控制台(前进或回退)</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/coords">coords</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("area") }}</td>
   <td>A set of values specifying the coordinates of the hot-spot region.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/CORS_settings_attributes">crossorigin</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("audio") }}, {{ HTMLElement("img") }}, {{ HTMLElement("link") }}, {{ HTMLElement("script") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>How the element handles cross-origin requests</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/HTMLiframeElement/csp">csp</a></code> {{experimental_inline}}</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies the Content Security Policy that an embedded document must agree to enforce upon itself.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>
    <p><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/data">data</a></p>
   </td>
   <td>
    <p>{{ HTMLElement("object") }}</p>
   </td>
   <td>
    <p>资源URL地址</p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>
    <p><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/data-*">data-*</a></p>
   </td>
   <td>
    <p><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></p>
   </td>
   <td>
    <p>允许你对于一个HTML元素绑定自定义的属性。</p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/datetime">datetime</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("del") }}, {{ HTMLElement("ins") }}, {{ HTMLElement("time") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the date and time associated with the element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/decoding">decoding</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("img") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the preferred method to decode the image.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/default">default</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("track") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates that the track should be enabled unless the user's preferences indicate something different.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/defer">defer</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("script") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates that the script should be executed after the page has been parsed.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/dir">dir</a></td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Defines the text direction. Allowed values are ltr (Left-To-Right) or rtl (Right-To-Left)</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/dirname">dirname</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/disabled">disabled</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("button") }}, {{ HTMLElement("command") }}, {{ HTMLElement("fieldset") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("keygen") }}, {{ HTMLElement("optgroup") }}, {{ HTMLElement("option") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether the user can interact with the element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/download">download</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates that the hyperlink is to be used for downloading a resource.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/draggable">draggable</a></td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Defines whether the element can be dragged.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/dropzone">dropzone</a></td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Indicates that the element accept the dropping of content on it.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/enctype">enctype</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("form") }}</td>
   <td>Defines the content type of the form date when the <code>method</code> is POST.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><code><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/enterkeyhint">enterkeyhint</a></code> {{experimental_inline}}</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}, <a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/contenteditable"><code>contenteditable</code></a></td>
   <td>The <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/dev/interaction.html#input-modalities:-the-enterkeyhint-attribute" rel="noopener"><code>enterkeyhint</code></a> specifies what action label (or icon) to present for the enter key on virtual keyboards. The attribute can be used with form controls (such as the value of <code>textarea</code> elements), or in elements in an editing host (e.g., using <code>contenteditable</code> attribute).</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/for">for</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("label") }}, {{ HTMLElement("output") }}</td>
   <td>描述与当前元素绑定的元素。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/form">form</a></td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("button") }}, {{ HTMLElement("fieldset") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("keygen") }}, {{ HTMLElement("label") }}, {{ HTMLElement("meter") }}, {{ HTMLElement("object") }}, {{ HTMLElement("output") }}, {{ HTMLElement("progress") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the form that is the owner of the element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/formaction">formaction</a></td>
   <td><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input" title="The HTML &lt;input> element is used to create interactive controls for web-based forms in order to accept data from the user; a wide variety of types of input data and control widgets are available, depending on the device and user agent. "><code>&lt;input&gt;</code></a>, <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/button" title="The HTML &lt;button> element represents a clickable button, used to submit forms or anywhere in a document for accessible, standard button functionality."><code>&lt;button&gt;</code></a></td>
   <td>Indicates the action of the element, overriding the action defined in the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/form" title="The HTML &lt;form> element represents a document section containing interactive controls for submitting information."><code>&lt;form&gt;</code></a>.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>headers</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("td") }}, {{ HTMLElement("th") }}</td>
   <td>IDs of the <code>&lt;th&gt;</code> elements which applies to this element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>height</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("canvas") }}, {{ HTMLElement("embed") }}, {{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}, {{ HTMLElement("img") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("object") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>注意：在某些情况下，例如&lt;div&gt;，这是一个遗留属性，在这种情况下应该使用CSS height属性。 在其他情况下，例如&lt;canvas&gt;，必须使用此属性指定高度。</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
 <tbody>
  <tr>
   <td>hidden</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Indicates the relevance of an element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>high</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("meter") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the lower bound of the upper range.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>href</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}, {{ HTMLElement("base") }}, {{ HTMLElement("link") }}</td>
   <td>关联资源的URL。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>hreflang</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}, {{ HTMLElement("link") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies the language of the linked resource.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>http-equiv</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("meta") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>icon</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("command") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies a picture which represents the command.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>id</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Often used with CSS to style a specific element. The value of this attribute must be unique.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>ismap</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("img") }}</td>
   <td>Indicatesthat the image is part of a server-side image map.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>itemprop</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>keytype</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("keygen") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies the type of key generated.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>kind</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("track") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies the kind of text track.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>label</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("track") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies a user-readable title of the text track.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>lang</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Defines the language used in the element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>language</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("script") }}</td>
   <td>Defines the script language used in the element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>list</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}</td>
   <td>Identifies a list of pre-defined options to suggest to the user.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>loop</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("audio") }}, {{ HTMLElement("bgsound") }}, {{ HTMLElement("marquee") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether the media should start playing from the start when it's finished.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>low</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("meter") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the upper bound of the lower range.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>manifest</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("html") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies the URL of the document's cache manifest.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>max</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("meter") }}, {{ HTMLElement("progress") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the maximum value allowed.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>maxlength</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Defines the maximum number of characters allowed in the element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>media</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}, {{ HTMLElement("link") }}, {{ HTMLElement("source") }}, {{ HTMLElement("style") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies a hint of the media for which the linked resource was designed.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>method</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("form") }}</td>
   <td>Defines which HTTP method to use when submitting the form. Can be GET (default) or POST.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>min</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("meter") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the minimum value allowed.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>multiple</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether multiple values can be entered in an input of the type <code>email</code> or <code>file</code>.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>name</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("button") }}, {{ HTMLElement("form") }}, {{ HTMLElement("fieldset") }}, {{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("keygen") }}, {{ HTMLElement("object") }}, {{ HTMLElement("output") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}, {{ HTMLElement("map") }}, {{ HTMLElement("meta") }}, {{ HTMLElement("param") }}</td>
   <td>Name of the element. For example used by the server to identify the fields in form submits.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>novalidate</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("form") }}</td>
   <td>This attribute indicates that the form shouldn't be validated when submitted.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>open</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("details") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether the details will be shown on page load.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>optimum</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("meter") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates the optimal numeric value.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>pattern</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}</td>
   <td>Defines a regular expression which the element's value will be validated against.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>ping</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>placeholder</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Provides a hint to the user of what can be entered in the field.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>poster</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>A URL indicating a poster frame to show until the user plays or seeks.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>preload</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("audio") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether the whole resource, parts of it or nothing should be preloaded.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>pubdate</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("time") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether this date and time is the date of the nearest {{ HTMLElement("article") }} ancestor element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>radiogroup</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("command") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>readonly</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether the element can be edited.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>rel</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}, {{ HTMLElement("link") }}</td>
   <td>Specifies the relationship of the target object to the link object.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>required</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}, {{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether this element is required to fill out or not.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>reversed</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("ol") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether the list should be displayed in a descending order instead of a ascending.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>rows</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Defines the number of rows in a textarea.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>rowspan</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("td") }}, {{ HTMLElement("th") }}</td>
   <td>Defines the number of rows a table cell should span over.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>sandbox</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>spellcheck</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Indicates whether spell checking is allowed for the element.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>scope</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("th") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>scoped</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("style") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>seamless</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>selected</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("option") }}</td>
   <td>Defines a value which will be selected on page load.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>shape</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>size</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("select") }}</td>
   <td>Defines the width of the element (in pixels). If the element's <code>type</code> attribute is <code>text</code> or <code>password</code> then it's the number of characters.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>sizes</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("link") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>span</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("col") }}, {{ HTMLElement("colgroup") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>src</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("audio") }}, {{ HTMLElement("embed") }}, {{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}, {{ HTMLElement("img") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("script") }}, {{ HTMLElement("source") }}, {{ HTMLElement("track") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>The URL of the embeddable content.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>srcdoc</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>srclang</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("track") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>start</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("ol") }}</td>
   <td>Defines the first number if other than 1.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>step</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("input") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>style</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>定义CSS样式，这些样式会覆盖之前设置的样式。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>summary</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("table") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>tabindex</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>Overrides the browser's default tab order and follows the one specified instead.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>target</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("a") }}, {{ HTMLElement("area") }}, {{ HTMLElement("base") }}, {{ HTMLElement("form") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>title</td>
   <td><a href="/en/HTML/Global_attributes" title="en/HTML/Global attributes">全局属性</a></td>
   <td>当鼠标悬停在元素上面时，提示框显示的文本。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>type</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("button") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("command") }}, {{ HTMLElement("embed") }}, {{ HTMLElement("object") }}, {{ HTMLElement("script") }}, {{ HTMLElement("source") }}, {{ HTMLElement("style") }}, {{ HTMLElement("menu") }}</td>
   <td>定义元素的类型。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>usemap</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("img") }},  {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("object") }}</td>
   <td></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>value</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("button") }}, {{ HTMLElement("option") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("li") }}, {{ HTMLElement("meter") }}, {{ HTMLElement("progress") }}, {{ HTMLElement("param") }}</td>
   <td>定义页面加载时，在元素内显示的默认值。</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>width</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("canvas") }}, {{ HTMLElement("embed") }}, {{ HTMLElement("iframe") }}, {{ HTMLElement("img") }}, {{ HTMLElement("input") }}, {{ HTMLElement("object") }}, {{ HTMLElement("video") }}</td>
   <td>Note: In some instances, such as {{ HTMLElement("div") }}, this is a legacy attribute, in which case the CSS {{ Cssxref("width") }} property should be used instead. In other cases, such as {{ HTMLElement("canvas") }}, the width must be specified with this attribute.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>wrap</td>
   <td>{{ HTMLElement("textarea") }}</td>
   <td>Indicates whether the text should be wrapped.</td>
  </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>

<h2 id="内容属性和_IDL属性">内容属性和 IDL属性</h2>

<p>在 HTML 中，大多数属性都有两副面孔：<strong>内容属性</strong>和 <strong>IDL（接口描述语言）属性</strong>。</p>

<p>内容属性需要你在内容（HTML 代码）中设置，而且可以通过 {{domxref("element.setAttribute()")}} 或 {{domxref("element.getAttribute()")}}来设置。内容属性常常是一个字符串，即使里面的值是一个证书。例如，要将 {{HTMLElement("input")}} 元素的 <code>maxlength</code> 设置为 42，你需要在元素中调用 <code>setAttribute("maxlength", "42")</code> 。</p>

<p>IDL 属性（attribute）也就是一个 JavaScript 属性（property）。你可以使用 JavaScript 属性如 <code>element.foo</code> 来设置这些属性。当你需要获取 IDL 属性的值时，IDL 属性总会使用隐含的内容属性的值（可能先经过转换）来返回一个值。同样地，当你设置这个值时，这个值会保存在内容属性中。换句话说，IDL 属性本质上反映了内容属性。</p>

<p>大多数时候，IDL 属性会返回元素确实在用的值。例如，{{HTMLElement("input")}} 的默认 <code>type</code> 是 "text"，所以如果你设置 <code>input.type="foobar"</code>，<code>&lt;input&gt;</code> 元素仍然会是文本类型（在外观上和表现上），但 "type" 内容属性的值是 "foobar"。然而，<code>type</code> IDL 属性依旧会返回字符串 "text"。</p>

<p>IDL attributes 并不总是字符串；例如 <code>input.maxlength</code> 是一个数字（一个有符号的 long 类型）。使用 IDL 属性时，你读取或设置值的类型都是要求的类型。所以 <code>input.maxlength</code> 总会返回一个数字，而如果你要设置 <code>input.maxlength</code>，也需要使用数字。如果你传入了别的类型，则会根据标准 JavaScript 的类型转换规则被转换为数字。</p>

<p>IDL 属性可以 <a href="https://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/urls.html#reflecting-content-attributes-in-idl-attributes">反映其他类型</a>，如 unsigned long, URLs, booleans 等。不幸的是，并没有清晰的规则规定一个属性的 IDL 属性与相关的内容属性如何关联。大多数时候，这会遵守 <a href="https://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/urls.html#reflecting-content-attributes-in-idl-attributes">规范中列出的规则</a>，但有时并不遵守。HTML 规范尝试将这件事尽可能变得对开发者友好，但由于很多原因（大多是历史原因），一些属性表现得很奇怪（例如 <code>select.size</code>），你就需要阅读规范以理解它们实际上到底如何表现。</p>

<h2 id="布尔值属性">布尔值属性</h2>

<p>一些内容属性（例如 <code>required</code>, <code>readonly</code>, <code>disabled</code>）是<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/html52/infrastructure.html#sec-boolean-attributes">布尔值属性</a>。如果一个布尔值属性存在，则其值是 <strong>true</strong>，如果不存在，其值是  <strong>false</strong>。</p>

<p>HTML5 定义了布尔值属性允许的取值：如果属性存在，其值必须是一个空字符串（即该属性的值未分配），或者是一个大小写无关的 ASCII 字符串，该字符串与属性名严格相同，前后都没有空格。下述例子是为一个布尔值属性取值的几个有效方式。</p>

<pre class="notranslate">&lt;div itemscope&gt; This is valid HTML but invalid XML. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div itemscope=itemscope&gt; This is also valid HTML but invalid XML. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div itemscope=""&gt; This is valid HTML and also valid XML. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div itemscope="itemscope"&gt; This is also valid HTML and XML, but perhaps a bit verbose. &lt;/div&gt;</pre>

<p>再明确一点，布尔值属性不能取值为 "<code>true</code>" 和 "<code>false</code>"。如果需要表示 false 值，布尔值属性需要整个忽略不写。这个限制澄清了一些常见误会：比如在元素中设置 <code>checked="false"</code> ，元素的 <code>checked</code> 属性会被解读为 <strong>true</strong>，因为这个属性出现了。</p>

<h2 id="参见">参见</h2>

<ul>
 <li><a href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTML/Element">HTML elements</a></li>
</ul>